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fWlo» ;
i > m ul III i nwiuti**
d'angrroi,. <i» lilt ur their elect
limn, .. iblie or personal;
ol'< n ii« "*■'» selected
fust ehpteriment; bill the ciiilM -
ur rmher lias ilreuly follow*; f<* # falrftftavW
a scUituin act marked Sm® »n*l
ihene Mini iiKceuivi *£*• of ^ ■am® character,
unit;st ifrbsftrf-'til "^1* fliwItW, QB%y tend
drive llinto 4ta«* into revolattoe a»d blood, auU
will furnifiLOeW.ff! 0 ®^ against republican
govern menu, boa
Resulted, Tli« ili'r* cuuimuuweatth
•on.idert- the FMpl 'Duioo, Oftoi
>»rtot *oJ for the purpose*specified la
i*t«icaqptett u evmducive to the 111
and 'bqppMtcsa of lb* Several Slate* t
it dee* now BWWju'vdtt'.Iy ^clare its at
uebroent to Ibo vnion, »nd to tbdt com
pact, agreeably tb its obvious and real
iuteulion, and will be among the last to
seek its dissolution: That if those who
administer the General Governnient be
*al# etteciual guardian «l every oilier
inM* Stat^'faeving by hi
lioe, Udri«h4aiifiM (be Federal
lieu, biptessly declared, that arnefe other
essential rights, “ the liberty of coesCieBce
and the preti cannot be caoceUed,.a!vidg>
ed, restrained or modified by wy au
thority of the Uoited States,'"’and from its
extreme anxiety to guard these rights from
every -poaasible attack of sophistry and
new pretexts for those who
wish it to l»b believed that man cannot be gov
erned h\it by a rod of iron; thht it would be a
dangerous delusion, were a confidence in , the
men of our choice to silence our (mis for tin
safety of obr rights; this* confidence eVery
where the parent of despotism; free governmeu'
is founded io jealousy and nOl in confidentre; it
is jealousy aiid not confidence which prescribes
limited Constiiotions to bind down those whom
we are obliged to trust with power; liiat our
Constitution has accordingly fixed the limits t#
which nod no farther our confidence uiuy go;
and let tbo honest advocate of confidence read
the alien and sedition acts, and say if the Con
stitution has not been wise in filing limits to the
government it created, and whether we should
be wi*o in destroying tlioae limitst Let him »«y
what the government is, if it be nol a tyranny,
Which the men of our choice have conferred on
the President, apd the I'resjdent of oar ehoico
hat assented to and accepted over the friendly
slrabgera, to sHiom fto* mild spirit of our country
and its laws had pledged liosplialiiy and protec
tion; that the men of our choice have more res
pected the bate suspicions of the President than
the solid right* of'noocence, the claims of justi
fication, the sacred force of truth, and the forms
and substance of law and justice. In questions
of power, (hen, let ne more be said of confidence
in man, but bind him down from mischief by
11,0 chain* of the Coosiimtion. That this
Commonwealth does therefore call on its co
llates for tin expression of their sentiments on
the acts Concerning aliens, nnd for the punish
ment of certain crimes herein before specified,
plgiply declaring whether these acts are or are
not aoihorixed by the federal compact. And it
double not that their seoqo will bn so announced
ns fo prove, their atigcltmeni to limiierl govern
ment, whether general or particular, arid that tire
tights and liberties of their co-sfiites will be ex
posed to no dangers by remaining embarked nn
a common bottom with their own: But they
will concur with this commonwealth in consid
ering the said Ada as to palpably against the
Constitution at to amount to an undisguised
declaration, that else compact is not meant to be
the measure of the powers of the General Gov
ernment,-but that it will proceed in the exercise
over these nates of all powers whatsoever. That
they will View this as seizing the rights of tlw
(tales and consolidating them in tho hands of the
General Government, with a power assumed
to hind the stales (not merely in cases made fed
eral) but ht all cases whatsoever, by law* made
not with their consent; that this would be tn sur
render the.form of government we have chosen
and live, under one deriving its power's from its
of n will, and. not from our authority; and that
the co-states referring to their natural rights in
cases not made federal, will concur in declaring
these void and of no force, and will each unite
with this commonwealth in requesting thoir ro
peal at the next lessipu of Congress.
EDMOND .BULLOCH, 8. If. R.
JOHN CAMPBELL, S. S. P. T.
Passed the House of tlepreseniAtivos, Nov. 10,
1798.
Audit: THOS. TODD. C. II. R.
In SENATE, Nov. 13 1798-TCimnimoosly
concurred in.
Attest: 6. THURSTON, C. S.
Approved November I9tb 1798. .
‘ JAMES GARRARD,
Governor el-Kouteckv.
HARRY toulmin,
Secretary '"I State.
SnSaoTahraescsmivw.
Thursday, Nutt. 141A lr'99.
The House, according to tho standing order
of the day, resolved itself into a committee of
the Whole House, on the State of the Common
wealth, Mr. Desha in the Chub; and uftor sumo
tinie spent therein, the Speaker resumed the
Chair, hnd Mi. Desha reported, that the Com
mittee had taken under consideration sundry
resolutions passed by several State Legislatures,
ou the subject of the Alien aud Sedition Laws
and had come to a resolution thereupon, which
he delivered iu at the Clerk’s table, where h wss
reud and' unanimously agreed to by the House,
as follows: - •
The representative* Qf the £ood people of tins
Common* t:nUh, in General Assembly con*
permitted to transgress she limit* fixed by I ambition, having with other States recom-
:nat compact, by a lota) disregard to the] mended an amendment for that purpose,
special delegation* of power therein con-1 which amendment we*, io doe time, annex-
tamed, an annihilation of the Stato Go-| ed to the constitution, h would mark a re-
veromenta, and the creation upon their proachful inconsistency, and criniinai de-
ruins of a General Consolidated Govern-1 generacy, if an indifference were now
went, will lie the inevitable consequence:! shown to the roost palpable violatiou of ono
That the principle and construction dm-' of the right* thus declared sacred and to
tended fir by sundry of the State Lc- ihe establishment which may be fatal to the
| That the good people of this Common
poteen delegated to~ it,"stop nothing short wealth having ever felt, nnd (continuing to
r * feel the most sincere affection for their
of DESPOTISM—since the discretion
of those who administer the Government,
and not the CONSTITUTION, would
he the measure of their powers: Tliut
the several States who formed that in
strument, 'being sovereign and indepen
dent, have the unquestionable right to
judge of the infraction; and, that a Nullifi-
cation by those Sovereignties, of all Hu-
authorised acts done under color of that
instrument, is the rightful remedy : That
this Commonwealth does, under tho most
deliberate reconsideration, declare that
the said Alteo and Sedition Law* ere, in
their opinion, palpable violation* of the
■aid Coniiitution; and, however cheerfully
it tniy be disposed to surrender its opin
ion to a majority of ita sister States, in
matters of ordinary or doubtful policy,
yet, in momentuoue regulations like the
present, which so vitally wound the
best rights of the citizen, it would
considor a silent acquiescence us high
ly criminal : Thai although this Com
mon wealth, as ti patty to tho Federal
compact, will bow to the laws of the
Union,., yet it docs at the same time
declare, that it will not now, or ever
hereafter, cease 4o oppose in a const!
IuIioiihI manner, every attempt, whnt
quarter softver offered, to violate 'that
compact. And, finally, in order thill no
pretext Or arguments may bo drawn from a
supposed acquiescence, on the part of this
Commonwealth, in the constitutionality of
those laws, and be. thereby used as prece
dents for similar future violations of the
Federal compact, this Commonwealth does
now enter against them its SOLEMN
PROTEST.
Extract, dec. Attest,
THO’S TOOD, C. H. R.
In Senate; Nov. 22, 1799—Read and
concurred in. Attest.
B. THURSTON, C. S.
VIRGINIA RESOIVIONS OF 1798.
Pronouncing the Alton and Sedition laws
to bo unconstitutional, aud defining the
rights of the States.
DRAWN BY MR. MADISON.
Virginia, House of Delegates, 1
FniD.iv, Doc. 21, 1793. f
Resolved, That the General Assembly
of Virginia doth unequivocally express a
firm resolution to maintain and' defend the
Constitution of tho United States, and the
Constitution of this Stato, against every
aggression either foreign nr domestic; and
that they will support the Government of
the United States in all measures warranted
by tho former.
Thai this assembly most solemnly do-
brethren of the other States, the truest
anxiety for establishing and penetrating tlie
union of all-, and the most scrupulous fidel
ity to tho Federal Constitution, which is
the pledge of mutual friendship and the in
strument of mutual happiness, the General
Assembly.doth solemnly appeal to the like
dispositions in the other States, in confi
dence that they will concur, with this
Commonwealth iu declaring, as it does
hereby declare, that the acu aforesaid are
unconstitutional; nnd that the necessary and
proper measure will be taken by each for
co-operniing with this stale in maintaining
unimpaired tho authorities, tights, and lib
erties reserved to the Stales respectively,
or to the people. .
That the Governor be desired to trans
mit n copy of tho foregoing resolutions to
the Executive authority of each of the oth
er Slates, with a request that tho same may
be communicated to the Legislatuio there
of;
should turn round end reproach, or m any,
way emtelivdr |o disparage u't toreureasy
faith, is net only the uukindeaX, bat ®«
strangest cot of all.
Az to thpJSnvetnor, he hsia no benefit
from publications “ by au-
tboriiy.’*^HHnt off his despatches pre
vious to th^Tederal Union publication,
aed therafore previous to our reprint of iu
Heritor sent to the Editu^ffiliat paper
Urn ooaju theriaeti copy firM^rhich they
printed life copies be sent off; or else he
took tbo ^printed copy they lent him With
out any i bquiry into it* authority. Had be
waited for the correct copy we printed
with the larws ; .or if in anticipation of that,
he htd required, at he should have done,
the certificate of tho proper officer, he
would have, avoided an errot, that he placed
Georgia, foe a lime, before the Union and-
the world rxl a false position in respect to
the high ptaicipiessxf her State sovereign-
ty.
We are informed dint the mistake hAs
been correeted.^We suppose this has bfta
dune by sesviiugto each Slate true copies
of the resolutions. This is well. The
Govcrnot has done rightly, and this was all
that he now could dc>. We are glad to see
that lie has corrected bis error so soon after
we pointed it out. Tbo gentlemen of the
Federal Union may have the gratification of
knowing—they at lean have our testi
mony, that they lave defended Jiis Excel
lency as well perhaps as he could have
been defended, oo the plan they adopted ;
though we cannot but think it would have
been boster-lHCOcs to have plead guilty
and filed exculpatory matter; than to have
sought to cast the blame on other people.
THE MISSIONARIES AGAIN.
The principal reason, it will be remem
bered, assigned by the Governor, in his
written pardon of the Missionaries, for the
exercise of the clemency of the Executive,
and that a oo;>v be furnished to each ; was, that they tiad appealed to the mag-
nf the Senators and Representatives repre- j nanimity of Georgia, and submittod their
seating this stale in the Congress of tho j case to its exercise. That tho lung expo-
Uuittfd states.
Aitest, JOHN STEWART.
1798, Dec. 24, Agreend to by Senate,
R. BROOKE.
A true copy from the original-deposited
in the office of the General Assembly.
JOHN STEWART, Keeper of Rolls.
From the Georgia Journal.
THE GOVERNOR’S LITTLE MIS
TAKE.
The substitution of tho false dorumo it
for tho truo oiio originated in the Federal
Union Offic.; it seems; for so we must un
derstand tho apology of that paper of tho
last week, when it says the Governor or
dered “ copies of the resolutions to bo
printed." And whon it says that “ by ono
of thoso accidents to wliicli eveu the most
vigilant aro liable, these copies wero pre
pared from resolutions in their original
shape as introduced, by Mr Turner, and
not in their modified shape as agreed toby
the Legislature." What a pity that paper
cannot even yet givo a correct account of
these same resoluitions. They were not
prepared (or copied) for the Executive
from ths resolutions as (bay existed " ill
their original shape, as introduced by Mr.
Turner." One and perhaps the most im
portant of its features, was left out of the
Governor’s copy, so that by another of
those accidents aforesaid, they were sent
to tho other States neither in tho form in
troduced by Mr. Turner, nor as finally pas
sed. But whn printed this mutilated copy
for tho Governor i The discreet reserve
ciartis a warm atUchineot to the Union of j of tho Federal l nipn evinces so great a
the Siuiw«, to inamtain whicli it pledges its j coyness on this point that we feel some re-
pofvers; aitti that for this end, it is their luctance in pressing it. Indeed we do so
duty to watch over nml oppose overy itv
fraction uf thoso principles which consti
tute tho basis of ilia* Union, because a
fuillilul observance of them r^n alone sc-
euro its existonco and tho public happi
ness.
That this Asiemf'ly doth explicitly and
peremptorily declare, that it views the
powers of the Federal Governnient, as ru-
stilling from the compact to which tho
States tiro parties; as limited by tho plain
sonsn and intention or the instrument con
stituting that compact: as no farthor valid
than they are enumerated in tho compact:
and that in case of a deliberate, palpable
and dangerous exercise of other powers,
not granted by tho suid compact, the
States, wlto-are parties thereto, hnvo the
right, and are in duty bound to interpose,
Waned, having maturely considered the answers for arresting tho progress of tho evil, and
of itnidfy Stales in the Union, to their rojulu-1 for maintaining within their respective lint-
Rons pulsed the last session, respecting certain jits the authorities, rights, and liberties ap-
only front absolute necessity ; for until it is
known wltq first put forth lids spurious
copy, nothing is known. We must as
sume for tho present, whnt ‘is. almost con-
fussed, that tho Federal Union press prin
ted tho false copies sent by tho Govornor
to llm other Slates. Now if this was done
front it copy furnished to that press by tjte
Executive then tlie'Governor is the author
of alt. But if from a paper not furnished by
tnnt dopnrtmciit, then the Governor is.no
further hlumeahle titan in putting forth us
a most important act of the soveicignty ol
tbo State, a piper that Kail not even any
sition of the motives, which induced the
Governor to pardon these men, was made
to tho ocople./or the purpose of effecting
tho belief in tiro public mind, that the Mis
sionaries had voluntarily and unsolidatod
receded from the stand against the Stale,
which they had so obstinately maintained,
is evident beyond tho shadow of} doubt,
from the documont itself. How far this is
true, mast be judged ol by the people, af
ter tho perusal of the following extract,
which we make from a letter of tho Mis
sionaries, nddresssed to tho Missionary
Horald, It would socm to us, wo confess,
from this letter, that iitsteud of the exer
ciso of magnanimity by the State, it
yielding a pardou to tho violators of her
laws, and tho contemners of her authority,
upon ths abaadmmient of their improper
position and throwing thnniselvos* upon
tho mercy of thn country that all tbe mag
nanimity is on the side of the Mission*
rics, and their counsel, in yielding to tho
continued aslicitation of tho Governor
through his confidential friends, that they
should accept s pardon, and withdraw
their suit.
It is for tire people to say, tinder all tho
circumstances of the case, slid the aggra
vated contumacy of.lhe Missionaries,how
far the Govornor consulted the honor or
the dignity of his Stale, iu.thus, instead ol
uct-ing as tho executor of her laws, and
tho supporter of her authority, humbly
soliciting and entreating the violators of tho
one, ami the revilers of tho other, to ac
cept f ,a pprdon at]his hands, without “ any
concession, or condition, or even appli-
cation”for such pardon on ibeir part.
EXTRACT.
Wo had the assurance of an uncondition- ■
ul rideuso provided we should desist from
i Ito attempt to obtain that release by force.
This iissurancff came, nut from solicitation
on our part. We made no solicitation,
no overture, no compromise. But wo
were often nnd earnestly solicited hty per
sons in thn confidence of the Governor, to
ilosist from tho prosecution, and assured
that if wo did so, we should not long re-,
main in prison. So long ago ns lust Au
gust wo wero told by Col. Mills, that the
Governor had expressed to him his inten
tion to release us as soon as the Cherokees
should form a treaty of cession, or as the
certainty uf .success { Or when we have
*^7 it, aajl failed, are we tKweforo to
i we tujd not done k it2 . No. II w<-
J gained' nothing else, we have el least
gained a. very cheerful lexiln'miy of oor
consciences, that we ham doge what we
could, for the prevention uf injustice, op
pression and robbery, and the preserva
tion of tbe national faith.
2. If we have not gained, we have o*
least not lost th^jprivilege of laboring'
among the CheroUks '
gospel. V.,
, 3. We have g»iner4n behalf of the
Cherokee* • decision ol ths Supreme
Court, which, although it doe* not avail
for tbo protection ol their prexent rights,
may nevertheless have a very important
bearing on their future prosperity a decis
ion worth far more than tho sacrifices we
have made to obtain it.
We do not repent of what we have done
We greatly rejoice io it. And now that
we are free, it gives us consolation to reflect
that we have not obtained our freedom by
any abandonment of principle, or by cea
sing to bear our (eatiinony against the in
justice of the measures by which the Cher-
okees are-deprived of their possessions,
We felt it to be due to the cause of justice
in announcing to the authorities of the State
our determination to prosecute the case no
further, to declare our unaltered conviction
of the correctness of the principles on
which we have acted. Having made the
declaration then, we feel a freedom which
we should not otherwise feel in making it
nqw,
We know not but we shall be consider
ed as having used language unjustifiably
severe, in this communication, respecting
the proceedings of the Stare of Georgia ;
but our own vindication appears to require
that wo speak of things as they are in our
own view.- The naturo of the proceeding
by which the defenceless Indians are de
prived of llteir possessions appear to us ve
ry plain. We.wish certainly to avoid op-
pnlirious language, but wo cannot see why,
when wo have felt ourselves called upon
to oppose a torrent of iniquity, wo should
attempt to gloss over that iniquity by. giv
ing it names too smooth to express the
truth. And wft fee! unwilliug to retire
from the contest into which we have been
led, without giving our decided testimony
against what it is impossible for us to regard
in any other light than INJUSTICE, OP
PRESSION AND ROBBERY. To-
wards the State of Georgia and her author-
ties we a[e conscious of no vindictive feel
ings. It is our unceasing prayer that her
looked for intelligence ttsi he it no mot*
On Saturday Evening he was folio
\n the grave by an unusually numerous
course of hi* Mlow citizens, membr
both political parties uniling with his
personal friendx, to pay due honours
memory of departed genius and virt
During fho proeexaion minute guns w
fired by some of ihe citizens who are me
bers of the Volunteer Corps, in one o
e v ». ,.uv,>., whicli during rtto late threatening crisis,
iu tbe work of tte I w«» proud to be enrolled. Mr, Turn
p ossessed * vigorous frame, which gave
p-o'mise of many years of heakh and useful
ness, animated as it was, by a mind of con-
sciot/s energy, and anel*aucaodenjhu*ias-
tic spi.-it which time could not cbult—but
imprudently protracting bis iffidenco on
his couutr v teat, he eiposed himself to m*
Insidious ex’<"»y. a S?'n»‘ which physical
strength is r.o protection, and whieb baa
sorrow rsto the bosom oi
transgressions end tho transgressions of our
countrymen he forgiven, and fliosojadg
merits of heaven averted, which thoro is
too much reason 1- fear.
We are yours with macli esteem and af
fection.
, , , S. A. WORCESTER,
ELIZUR BUTLER.
aacosxtiiutionul laws of Congress, commonly
called the Alien and Sedition Laws, would bo
bilMeNtiidoed, fo thelakelves and to those they
represent, were they .silently io acquiesce in tlib
principles and doctrine* attempted to bo main-
'aided in .til those answere*. that of Virginia On
ly excepted. To again nnter tho field ot argu
ment, and attempt more fully or forcibly to
expose tho uncooititutionality of thoso obnoxious
luwsTwould, it is apprehended, be as unnecessa
ry and unavailing. We cannot, however, but
Ument, that, in the djscussion ol those interest
ing subjects, by sundry of the Legislatures of
out sister States, unfounded suggestions, and ««-
candid insinuations, derogatory to tbo true char
acter and principles of this commonwealth has
been substituted in place of fair reasoning and
On"'
sound argument. Our opinions of these 'alar
ming measures of the General Government,
together with-our reason* for those opiions,
were detailed with decency, and with temper,
and submitted to the discussion and judgement
of our fellow-citizen* throughout tho Union.
Whether the like dcceucy aud tempei have
been observod in the answer* of moat ol -those
States who havu denied or attempted to obviate
the great truth* contained iu thoie resolutions,
we have now only to submit to a c«ndid_» arid.
Faithful to the true principle* of theTederal
Union, unconscious of any designs to disturb the
harmony of that Union, and anxious only to es
cape ths fangs of Jespotism, the good people of
this commonwealth are regardle** of censure or
calumniation. I .east, however, the silence of
tbit commonwealth should be construed into
acquiescence in the doctrine* and principles ad-
-viaced and attempted to be maintained by (he
xaid'enswers, or least those of out follow citizen*
throughout the Union arho so widely differ from
us oil those important subjects, should be delu
ded by the expectation, that we shall not be dft-
t ejed trout whnt we conceive to be our duty, or
^Itriuk from the principles contained in those
r e*ol»tioui—therefore,
pertaining to them.
That tbo Genetul Assembly doth, als
express its deop regret that n spirit lias, in
sundry instances, been manifested by the
Fedoral Government, to onlargo its pow
ers by forced cousttuclioits of the constitu
tional diameter which defined them; and
tha^ indications have appeared of a design
to expound certain general phraieso which,
having been copied from tho very liberal
grant of powers io the form arltclos of con
federation, wero the less liable to be mis
construed,) so us to destroy the meaning
and effect of the particular enumeration,
which necessarily ^explains and limits the
general phrases, and so as to consolidate the
Stales by degrees, in one sovereignly, the
obvious tendency and inevitablo result of
which would bo to transform the present
republican system of the United Stales into
an absolute or at best, n mixed utouarchy. j
That the Gcueral Assembly doth purtic-
l ularly pretest against tho palpable aud a-
ulanuing infractions of the constitution, in
the late cases of the “ Alien and Sedition
Acts.” passed'at the last session of Coqr
gross; tho first of which uxercisos a power
no where delegated to me Federal Gov
ernment, aud which, hy uniting Legislative
and Jadicial powers to those of Executive,
sq|)ver>s tho principles o( free government,
as welt ns the particular organismign aud
positive provisions of the Federal Consti
tution: and the other of which acts exer
cises in like tnauuer, a power nol delega
ted by tbe constitution, but on the contra
ry, expressly and positively forbidden by
one of the ameudmedts thereto; a power
which more than any other, ought to pto-
due* universal alarm, because it is levelled
pretended evidonco of genuineness. This
last hypothesis divides the blame between ! State should have taken actual possession
the Exacutivo Department and the Federal | of the territory by tho operation of, exist-
Union ; in what proportions, we must leave J ing laws, nnd added " You tiiay tell them
(Item to settle between themselves, not be- ' so." After we had given notice of our
ing dialecticians enough ourselves to do- I intention to movo tho Sttpietne Court for
icrminu so nice a point. If however we I further process, Gen. Coffee and Judge
might be. pointiitml to put in a word, we Schley, two members elect nf Congress,
should say tho Executive seems entitled to ! earnestly solicited uj to recall tho notice,
much tho largest dividend. RespoAsibili- j and said that though they wero uot sent to
ty bears a direct proportion to; tho credit j ns, and did not givo tho assurance official-
assumed by tho vendor. II for instant,! ly, yet they hud conversed with the Gov-
the Govornor had puichascd bis copies ernoron I lie subject, and knew bis views;
From the Augusta Chronicle.
The Grand Juiy to r the county of Rich
rnond, for the second week of the Term,
availing themselves of the right which be
longs to them as a body, to give expression
to the opinions which may be formed by
its members of tbe acts nnd doings of
public men, and public boritos of
men witliiu our State; and having had un
der consideration tho public acts of tfac
Convention lately assembled at Milledge-
ville, and the principles on which that
body havo proceeded to make and ordain
certain fundamon-al laws for the adoption
of the good peopio of this State, have come
to tho unanimous conclusion, that the
principles which hav* influenced the con-
vention and tho act* of that body, aro in
direct hostility with the spirit of our insti
tutions and laws as a State, and contra
vene die vetyw principles recognized by
that instrument, on which our federal re
lations are based.
Tho assumption by the Convention ol
territory and white population, and the
right of taxation without equal representa
tion, ns principles tit be for the first time
engrafted on the constitution of ear State,
demands of this body, as k does of every
freeman in the State, an opnn expression
of the indignant feelings wliicli have been
excited by the - arrogant assumptions and
wilful departure of tho Convention front
the purity and simplicity of our republican
institutions^
Tho open violation of tho principles on
which aro based our federal relations and
State inslitutiuns, by denying to productive
labor, through the medium of human agon-
concurrent representation in the
agaiust the right of freely examining public
characters and measures, and of free com
munication among tho peopio tfaereou,
which btl ever been justly deemed tbo
from it pedlcr, every one sees haw small n
share tho said pedler would come iu for.
But llm fact being e.s we ptnsuniv, that he
received them from n workman or ap
prentice of resident respectable person,
such ns our neighbors of the Federal Un
ion, his responsibility is corrospondenllv
diminished. Having stated the terms of
the case, we leavo others to work out the
sum whicli of course is to be done by the
rule of siuglo fellowship. It is certainly
unnessary-to inform tho intelligent student,
|liat whatever proportion of the sum total
uf censure may be awarded to the Execu
tive tbe Editors,of the Federal Union are
fairly entitled to the residue.
We ndmire the frankness of the Editors
of the Fedoral Union in confessing what is
apparent ou their files. They confess
that (after furnishing the spurious copies
to tho Governor, us we presume they did,)
they published them in lb at paper on the
3d of January. We de ou our part also
coufess that we copied -those same resolu
tions in the same torm into the Jourual of
the 10th of January, copying them from
the Federal Unioa of the proceding week
We furthermore confess, that seeing them
there printed “ by authority," ire sup
posed they werecorrect, as we were author
ised to do, trod therefor e looked no fur
ther for authority ; wo odd, that we had not
then, or for some time aftewerds, the
authentic copy io our possession. Now it
is not inxpoasiblo that others may be so ve
ry unreasonable at to blame us* for taking
any thing from the Federal Union, even
whet purported to be an official copy ol an
I official doc latum ; but that the Editor*
and we might bo assured that if, we should
withdraw our suit, we should he dischatg-
ed without any concession or condition, 01-
even an application to the Governor, be
fore many weeks, Mr. Cuilibert, anoth
er gentleman in the confidence of the gov
ernor, and who had also solicited us to
withdraw the sujt, toH us that lie had ro-
coived the most unqualified assurance
from the Governor, that if we did so, we
should be discharged immediately, after
the ndjournmout of the Supreme court.—
Mr. Forsyth had called oo our counsel,
Mr. Wit t, for the purpose of bringing about
the same object, and had expressed his
full confidence, tituugh Ito said he was not
empowered to give any pledge from the
Governor to that effect, that we should be
discharged immediately oil the Governor’s
receiving information that no .motion
would be made before the court. We at
first believod, and havo since been inform
ed, that Mr. Forsyth was authorised by
the Governor to give Mr. Wirt such as
surances.*
Since oOr release'the question has been
asked, What have the missionaries gaiued
by suffering imprisonment, and appealieg
to the Supreme Court! This inquiiy
may dexerve a reply.
1. Suppose we have gained nothing.
Ought wd therefore to repent of having
made the attempt! Are we never to make
efforts and sacrifices lor the accomplish
ment of an important object, without the
*Ws ought, perhaps hem to say,that Mr. Wirt
did nut sire at any aavieooa the subject, proftrriiix
as b* said to stmtai a to at aimply tho n>tat : on of la-
' gal - lansri.
so often brough t « orrewr »w> tne oosom u.
our community. .Ferh*,T* he bed hved
long enough; and Ka. -1 eoni.Wded hts «*k
on earth: for he had ciooe
made himself felt: and of the it” uelK0 . ,0
extensive in his life time, Bone ca.''
late thq future diffusion, now that
hath set its seal upon the great truths' J*
which he wa9 the bold and unanswered an-*'
v.ocute.
Throughout the limits of the Union, it
will be knowu that a distinguished man has
fallen, and a bright light brtiu extin
guished. In his beloved Carolina it. is
deeply felt that a warpt heart has grown
cold—that an unblemished citizen has
gone from the community which he
adorned—thnt a pure Patriot has been lost
to tho state—that a dauntless defender of
truth, and powerful champion of human
liberty, has relinquished the weapons of bis
generous warfare against oppression, and
laid himself down to the long rest of the
grave. Site mourns a dovoted and disin
terested Son, whose pride it was to serve
her as a private citizen, who never sodgbt
nor accepted the honors of office, which
her witling gratitude was eager to proffer
—who gave to her the riches of an affluent .
mind, bound to hei-’s his worldly fortunes,
and was ready to pour out his blood in her
good cause. She will rembmher the sa
gacity whicli early detectod llm dangers
which surround her—tfio prompt and
powerful voice which was-first raised to
awukeu her to a sense of them—the ever
vigilant counsel nnd wise direction which
he cbntributed during the struggle for her
rights, and the cheering inspiration whidi
in the darkest hour was derived from his
brave example of firmness and'enthusiast!).
She knows how ro value what he has dono
for she knows tho value of the cause which
he so devotedly served. She will treas
ure up as precious relies tho vigorousjpro-
duciions of his pen, ihrough wliicli ’being
dead lie yet speaketh"—and we trust that
the time is nol far distant, whon taught by
expexienco the value of tbeir sovereignty
ami independence other confederate States
of the Union shall, while they turn back to
the paths that lead to liberty, feel the full
value of his lessons as a lamp to. their re
pentant steps—and acknowledge their gra
titude to llm "Brutus"of Carolina.
As a distinguished, and ardent political
leader in a time of unprecedented excite
ment, Mr. Turnbull of course had violent
partisan enemies, to whom ho was offon-
sive|.nj|proporiioii to his efficiency,atjd who
hated because* they dreaded. Yet of
those who, shrinking from him}iit, tho
manly encounter of argument, and cower
ing beforo Isis eloquent denunciation, or
smarting under tho lash of his sarcasm,
sought revenge with unworthy and coward
weapons, none ever succeeded in cashing
the shadow of a stain upon his charncloras
a matt; while mere iionomblo opponents,
conscientiously hostile to his opinions anil
deprecating the stern mastery with -which
they wore vindicated, could blit do hom
age to his lionost enthusiasm, nnd admire'
tho ndvocute though they abherod tbo
cause.
His services to. that cause earned him
the popularity whicli be enjoyed witlt his
party; for ho never courted it; but- in his
general deportment in society was rather
cold and iinliiiereiit- It was the glonouK
and almost yoltthfitl romantic r.oal for tho
truth which glowed in his writings ami
speeches, whiclt*kindlod towards' him the
sympathy of the community whoso respect
he always commanded. He was not ca
pable ol being'moulded into n mere polit-'
ical manager. He could not praliee tho
arts of weakening and divctling the cur^
rent of opposition by. biddon nnd conning
subterraneous sluices. He pressed boldly
cy.
councils of the Slate, demands of this body i forward and breasted ’lie tot emit inmid
to stamp with the seal of reprobation, a j stream. Unwilling to sacrifice, or even
doctriue, the advocacy of which by) British j postpone, tho right for the expedient, he.
interests aud British power, gave indopen- ■ was sometimes rash and impolitic as a parfv
j man,—neglecting to enlist prejudico on ;ho
denen to a nation.
Tltis Jurv do most earnestly recommend
to Iboir fellow citizens, that laying aside
all parly considerations, they will, at the
proper time, manifest their just interest
and claim to tho pure nnd unsullied inheri
tance .transmitted to them by their fathers,
by refusing to ratify the public acts of the
|nto Convention at Milledgeville.
From the Charleston Mercury.
C it Ant. EpTON, June 17.
PUBLIC MEETING.
A Meeting of the Stato Rights and Free
Trade Patty, will be held at the Circus; at
8 o’clock to morrow-evening, to render
the tribute of their respect to tho memory
of our distinguished Fellow citizen, the late
ROBERT J. TURNBULL, Esq.
DEATH OF ROBERT J. TURNBULL.
Of this distressful'occurrence n hurried
announcement was made in part of our im
pression of Saturday, the intelligence hav
ing been brought to our office iu jhe morn
ing, after the paper had gone to press.
Mr. Turnbull died on tho mor ning of the
15th inst. between the hours of one and
two o'clock, in the UOtli year of his age, af
ter a few days of illness of country.fever.—
From the character of the disease, and the
unfavorable symptoms whicli his case had
exhibited, his friends in the city were led
to anticipate the worst, and measurably to
prepare for the melancholy evonl—yet the
feeling accompanying tbo certainly that he
is lost to us is such that we cau deeply sym
pathize with those abroad, who left him io
the enjoyment of vigorous health, and in
the fulluess of his intellectual power, and
who 'hall l»e suddenly mocked by tbe nn
side of iiuth,—and, as he argued from tho
firmness of his own conviction, perhaps
too often resenting as the trimq of
verseness, what was only the, ; 4u t.
Bat ho fought in ,'no ort^o daylightf wear
ing no nixsk to holmei: making qo
hXeon hlS — rsary ’ buts,rik '"II homo
m the consciousness of his strength. Ho
was .lOrce and relentless only against wlnt
ho knew to bo fraud and ty/anny, and in.
dignanlly intolerant only against what ho
to power 10 be baS8 and ttcfew&tfvili'ty
\Vo must dose these remark* already
extended for beyond the limits which we
assigned for expressing our muse of thw
public loss and leave to others, utoro able
the task of his eulogium. They will do
justice to the moral excellence which they
delighted to witness through all the chm^
ges of a long life, and to the private «ir-
tues which so deeply endeared him to tbo
social and domestic circlo.
A few words more and' we have done.
Let us not be discouraged for tho’eewe
whose losses we must need*
thoso who havo died i a the flX^mU
spirits from their urns.** Ufo 2*:
recently recorded the dec*** M
RANDOLPn, who had risen an ro
liberty from the brinkTf
follow,og hard upon, we have Trow ro la
ment another friend, i, whnm, thm.rh Ls
ZVJ’m S’’ famili " r » f*™. «Xow
that Death has struck « „ ghirii,,,, ..
Let u. trust ,b«t lro« thfir efforts, rich
and trmmpiuat retell* mast vet be devel
oped -tn (lie mxiomw contest before uL_
u ^ r """L that wlMtpver mil y be .| m
