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POETRY*
HYJVTJV OF THE
AT THE CONSECRATION OF PULASKI’s BANNER.
The standard of the noble Pole, who
fell in th<- attack on Savannah, during th American
Revolution, was of Crimson silk, embroidered by the
Moravian Nuns of Bethlchsm, Pennsylvania.
When the dying fame of day
Through the chancel shot its ray,
Far the glimmering tapers shed
Faint light on the cowled head,
s. And the censor burning swung
\ Where before the altar hung,
That round banner which with prayer
heard the while,
Sunglow in the deep mysterious aisle.
Take thy banner. May it wave
Proudly o’er the good and brave,
When the battle’s distant wail
Breaks the sabbath of our vale.
When the clarion’s music thrills
To the hearts of those lone hills,'
When the spear in conflict shakes,
And the strong lance shivering breaks.
Take thy banner; and beneath
The war-cloud’s encircling wreath ,
Guard it till our homes are free,
Guard it—God will prosper thee!
In the dark and trying hour,
In the breaking forth of power,
In the rus of steeds and men,
. His-ri«ht hand will shield theejhen.
Take thy banner. But when night
Closes round the ghastly fight
If the vanquished warrior bow,
Spare him; by our holy vow,
By our prayers and many tears,
By the mercy that endears,
Spare him; he our love hath spared
Spare him; as thou wouldst be spared.
Take thy banner ; and if e’er
Thou shouldst dress the soldier’s bier,
And the muffled drum should beat
To the dread of mournful feet,
Then this crimson flag shall be
Martial cloak and shroud for thee :
And the warrior took that banner proud,
And it w’as his martial cloak and shroud.
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT
EXTRACT FROM THE
REPORT OF THE MAJORITY.
In descending to the items, and comparing
one by one the contracts, as set forth and certi
fied in one report of the Postmaster General,
with the same contracts as set forth in another
of his repfirts, are discrepancies still more re
markable. Your committee have set forth a
few of these instances byway of example.
The Postmaster General, i" his report of the
18th of April, 1832, (Doc. 212, p. 12,) states
that Stocton and Neill had contracted to carry
the mail on routes Nos. 1,201, 1,202, 1,309,
and 1,400; that is to say, from Cumberland t<>
Wheeling, Washington to Frederick, and from
Frederick to Winchester, at $7,000 per an
num.
By the advertisements, these routs were to
go into operation on the Ist of January, 1832.
In his report to the Senate, of the 3d of March,
1834, [D or. 138,'p 204.] he states the sain
Contract at $15,950 per annum, exclusive of
enormous extra allowances, w hich, as they do
not relate to the branch of the subject now under
consideration, we pass by for the present The
diffeicnce between the report of this contract in
April, 1832, and March, 1834, is $8950 per
annum, amounting, in the four years, the dura
tion of the contract, to $35,000.
In his report of April 18, 1832, [Doc. 212. i
p. 17 ] he states that R. C. Stockton aivl Win.
Neill are contractors to carry the mail on routes
southern wine.
“ WHERE POWERS ARE ASSUMED WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN DELEGATED, A NULLIFICATION OF THE ACT IS THE RIGHTFUL REMEDY.” — Jefferson.
Nos. 1,501 and others, including a laige num
ber of routes, principally in Ohio, at an am.mil
compensation of $30,000
I.i <is report of Marcti 3, 1834, [D'>c.
138, ;• 210.] he st ops t at Hm
Neill & Co. are contr;« t< rs on the same
routes at an annual compensation of 50,410
Making a difference in favor of the con*
tractor, per annum, of 20,410
During the contract, of 81.641
In this leport of A >ril 18 1832, [Do> . 212,
p. 4. [he states tbit Reesiie and Slay maker,
1 are contractors for carrymg the mail from Pink
adelphia to Pittsburgh at an annual compensa
| tion of 7,000
From Pittsburgh to Washington, 1,250
Making in she aggregate 8,250
In his report <»i March 3, 1834, [Due. 138,
p. 199.] be states the contract as Irem Pniladel
phia t > Pittsburgh, from Pittsburgh t Wash
ington, and from Washington to Wheeling, at
an annual compensation of 27,070
i
Making a difference per annum of 19,750 .
And in four years, of 79,000
The line from Washington to Wheeling is (
included in the contract of Stockton and Neill,'
in the report of April, 1832, [Doc. 138, p. j
204. It is not mentioned as a part of the con
tract of Rc.-side and Slayiiiaker.
In his.report [>.oc 212, p. 2 ] of the 18th of
Ap il, 1832, the Postmaster General states tliai
James Reeside is the contractor tor carrying
the mail Iro n Philadelphia to New York daily,
at an anr.ual compensation of $6,000
In his report [D >c. 138, page 186] of
March 3, 1834, he states the same con
tract as twice a day, and the compen
sation per annum at 20,500
Making a difference per annum of 14,500
And in four years of $ >B,OOO
These are but a few out rt f a numerous class
of cases, many of which will be set out at large
in a subsequent part ofttns report, r rom to- tn
your committee has been < on-trained to draw
conclusions tm>st unfavorable to the general
accuracy of the department, and though all, or
n arly ill f the cos. b wl>i.i> r ii...., ~n
UMereuily ,cpj»Hi-nted in reporis -of
the department, they an- not selected witn
special view to that « ucumstance. We
detail them because they totm parts of
transactions with individuals, some, it is true,
of small importai ce, and rthets of great
magnitude, but altogether, involving almost
every conceivable variety > 1 abuse ; some of
ti em in direct violation of la w, an i sons sub
versive ot the common priucipl s ot justice and
fair dealing between man and man.
Ihe first case examined by your committee I
was a contract with G n. v. urge House, < t
Gallipolis, in the Mate of Ohio, and the follow
ng is the transaction somewhat in detail as it
iappeareo in evidence:
At the lettings [Doc. 117, p. 5.] in October,
&3(>, ioute o. 1975, liom (. oi« moiitl. t<>
. i.illipohs, was taken by Job Black -d tut
ye uly comutnsution i $394, common* nig «>«
ti.e Is't of Jan ary, 1831, and ending the olst
Dee. mber, 1834.
On the files of the department is a letter
h orn House to tin Postmaster General, dated
at Washington, January 18tn, 1831, in which
h proposes to carry the mail t ree times a
w ' kin a steamboat from Char <-sioti, Keiihawa,
i' Gallipolis, at S3O per mile, pi i annum, to
commence as soon as his boat should'be ready '
irilh’ spring; and he adds tliai tn- pioposiion
is made :n pursuance of a request or directions
of the department made to Judge Hayward in
December (then) last. Tb< slimateu instance
sixtv four miles, equal to $1,950 a year.
In u. communication fi m - B. B O" nto the
Postmaster General, ■ ated the . Ith of 1> ebruarv,
1831, he states the ff rof George House at
Si,GOO fo* carrying-th" mail twice a week m a
steamboat on the same route, and that ti e
steamboat will be ,eady “say the Ist of April;”
he suggests that th conn ail with Black may be
suspended, ami asks “sb ill it be done?” The
Postmaster General endorses of the paper “let
it >e done;” and thereupon B’-.ck received or
ders to discontinue his ioute from the Ist of
April, 1831. No contract appears to have been ;
executed by House, and Black continued to
carry the mail on horseoai k as his sub-conlac
tor. he effect oi the whole transaction was
to shift the contract out of th hands ot Bia k,
and place jt in the hands of House, who is well
known as an active an influential political
partisan. A 1-tter written bv House to the
Postmaster General on the 2d of August, 1831,
states that e had not yet got his steamboat pre
pared, and doe - not know when he snail; and it
seems that he never did, for ttie mail is all car
rier! on horseback on that route.
At tne letting of contracts tn Octob r: 183 i,'
route No. 1,588, from Ghillie the to Gallipolis,
was bid off by A. L. Ross, at $.,100 p< r an
uu n, the mail to be carried three times a week
in four horse post coaches. His bid was ac
cepted, and in the ie,iort [Doc. 212, p. 20,] of
t e 18 th of April, 1832, he appears a< the con
tractor.’
On the 7th day of October, 1831, a letter was
written by O. B. Brown to Ross, informing
him that the acceptance of his bid was susp -nd
i erl, and that the d partment wislred him to give
it up, as it was important that the stage line
from Chillicothe to Gallipolis, should be con-
ATHENS, <l’o SA I 'Y. .11? J Y 5,1834.
necled with tile steamboat hue mi'. G diipo is
to f ’harh ton: Ross reluetantlv yielded to the
requisition, and the mail upon that route was
carried bv House, for some time, but without
a y i<»4ract and without anv written aut accep
ted offer. 1 here was exhibited to y rur com
mitt a I-tier from House to O. B. Brown,
without date or post mark, in wiiich he says he
has carried the nail from Chillicothe to Gallj—
P'dis, and from Gallipolis to Colestnoiah, since
the Ist of January, 1832, without any contract:
and in this letter was enveloped and tiled, a pa
pei, also without date, ontai ring a proposition
by General House io ‘-arry the mail tF-*. times
a week in lour-horse post coaches from ChiiL
coihe to Gallipolis to Colesmouth, on horse
b u'k, for the yearly compensation of $2,600.
On the back ot tl.is paper ,s endoised in the
handwriting of the Postmaster General “allow
ed to take place from the Ist ofJanuary,lß32;”
all these pap rs, and the. filling and entries up
on them, an without date, and the officers of
the department can give no account ot the time
of their ex • ution. Some accidental writing
in pencil on one of the papers does, however, '
lead to the conclusion that they are all of very
I recent origin, and the contract which was at
last exe< uted pursuant to this proposition, ap
| pears by the jurat to have been executedon the
j 27th day at April, A. . 1833.
Thus were there two contracts transferred
' from their legal owners, against whom there
was no complant. to Gen. George House at a
' clear loss to tue department of $1,206 a year,
amuimting in the tour years to $4,824 which
sum is in ■ fleet, a gift to that individual, made
in violation of law, and under a succession
of pr tenc s, which had no foundation in fact.
By the act oi the 15th day ot June, 1832, a
; mail route was establish d from Chicago to
I Green Bay, in the Territory of Michigan ; but
in the proposals published by the department
on the* 24th of July following, this route is not '
inclnu. <l, a.;d no notice whatev. r was publish
ed by order of the department for roposals on
that route. O. B. Brown, an officer in the de
partment who made out the list of proposals,
being worn, stated it as his belief, that the om
ission uappen <1 in onsequence of the law es
tablishing the post routes not having been pub
lished at the time he made out t. e advertise
m ut, nid that he.took it f otn -a c.>py of the
I ill who-h at'terwarus un i rwent alterations. It
nnoears. that the law was approved on the loth
day ot June, it 32 ; the adv. ruS< inem »»as
signed by th Postmaster General >n th- !4th
of July following ; audit further a iat
this route was upon the bill as it was liintro
duced into the House, and was never struck ut
or underwent the slighest alteration luring its
progress.
John T. Temple, then a clerk in the depart
ment, made out a bid in th- name-of A<ahel Sa
very, of Michigan, by which he offeredto trans
| port the mail on horseback on that route once
I in two weeks, I r $3,000, or once a wei k, for
$3,500 a yeai, which was accepted There
was afterwards a repr. sentation mad. by Asahel
S i very, in the handwriting of John T. Temple,
stating that the bid was too low, and that he
would suffer very h- avy loss by th? contract.—
■'h- iist.in • is two hundred and fifty miles.--
he fair valm ok the service does not exceed
$i,200 or $1,500.
The Postmaster General upon this repiesen
tation, made an additional allowani e of $ i ,000
a year, and the contract was accordingly execu
ted by iSavery and assigned to Temple
In this manner Dr. Temple by means of his
situation in the department, obtained a contract
giving him $1,500, for carrying the mail 250
miles on horseback weekly, for w rich service, it
1 is believed $ 1,500 would be a-verv targe com
pensation ; much more indeed than the sta e of
things would justify. The route is an unimpor
tant one, the nett amount of postage received
upon it d'ter leaving Chic igo to its termination
at Green Bay in lusive, falls short of the one- f
tenth part of the sum give Io Temple on this,
contract, which aggregate sum equals it is be
lieved the nett proceeds of postages received in
the whole Territory of Michigan.
Prior to the lettings in October, 1831, Lind
say and Sharffen were contractors for carrying
the mail fr< -. Hagerstown to McConnellsburg;
and at tii .se lettings, they again bid to carry the
mail three times a week, m four horse post
coaches ai S3OO, or daily t s6vo a year. James
Reest.i. bid for the same a; s4u-or S9O improv
ed. he bid <>i Reeside was accepted, and he
is set down in the report of the Postmaster
General o 'the 18th of April, 183'2, as the c n
tractor a S4O a vear. In the report of exti .
all wan sos the 3d of March, 1834, no exit ,
allowan ■' on this contract is noted, but in that
part of the same report w ich gives a statement
of the retrenchments ordered, this rout, is not
ed thus (in cage 253) “ 1231, Hagerstown to
McConnellsburg, James Reeside tour weekly
trips, reduced S7OO. Nut understanding pre
cisely ho \ S7OO . <iuld be deducted from S4O,
i without first adding somethingto the lesser sum,
a member of your ommittee, who happened
to discover the discrepancy, gav to their cleik
a written pap r -fating the difficulty and reques
ting an explanation, and askin also for a copy
of some apers, which it was supposed would
show the true nature of this a d one other trans
action. There was much delay and prevartca
tian before any distinct answer was given to the
inquiry, and then the Post .aster General de
clm >i answering it, because it was not signed
by the chairman ofthe committee. This diffi
culty as removed. The chairman signe the
paper, and some few days after; and after the
arrival of James Raeside, the contractor, in the
city ; tn. Posimast r G m ra setiun his answer
on the lotn day of May, 1834, which accom
pani. s this report.
In this he says, that after the contract was
adjudged tn Reside on his bid oi S4O or $99
improved, he nas ordere.i to run dail-, iuste - .
of tri weekly, and the amount of compeusatimi ]
for increased service was left unsettled. Ihe .
report goes on to state that Rceside represented
to the Postmaster general that there had been I
two mistakes in his bid, that ne had made it out,
in pencil marks, and nis clerk had blundered it
copying it. Tqat the S4O was intended for
SI4OO, and the $99 whu h occurred twice, was
intended for $i999, and the Postmaster Gene
ral adds tuat O. B. Brown reported to him at
another time t.ese sayings 1 Reeside, and stat
ed that there was no other bid on this route. Mr.
Reeside was t lerefbre allowed to correct his
bid, making it SI4OO anti si9oo instead oi S4O
an i $99. The report proceeds to say that J\L
Brown also waS mistaken, there ivere in fact, sev
eral other bids, and that as soon as this was
made'known u> the Posti luster General, he
promptly informed the contra tor that his con
tract should be reduced to the amount at which
it would have been fixed had he known the < til
er bids, at the time it was irranged. Ihe time
al which this discovery, was made, and the no
tice given not being named in the report of the
Postmaster General, your committee inquired
of him on that subject, and he stated that it took
place after he received the before mentioned in
formal inquirvfrom a me über of the Com ntt*‘e.
It is proper to add tuat oth. r inquiries, infor
mal a- that when first presented had been there
tofore amended without obj etion; and your
committee cannot resist the conclusion that the
hesitation at first manileste and t e refusal at
last to answer, was merely for the purpose of
gaining time, and waiting the arrival ot the con
tractor (who had been subpnoened by your
1 committee) that a better ci.unt. nance might be
put upon it than its naked features exhibited.
Jame.- Re side is also contractor for cat tying
the mail from Baltimore to Chambersburg, 77 ,
miles, daily, tour 4 horse post coaches, at 1,900
dollars a year, from the Ist of Janury, 1832.
The schedibde was so changed on th.- 291 h ot
Dec.-mber, 1831, as to lessen the tune, and con
s' quently, to increase the speed, r»ut the differ
ence was so light as to be wholly unnoticed by
a s ib-contractor on apart ot the route, who was
exa ined by your committee; and on the 18th
? :r, i'ooo, r—.g r>i. *».. . i—.. s ..*■ >_
ule, the contract is reported to Congress (Doc.
212, p. 15) as subsisting at 1,900 dollars, In
the report ofthe 3d of March, 1834, which pro
fesses to give all the extra allowances, there is
none stated on this rome, but in that prrt ci that
report which gives the . urtail.n nt of mail facil- i
ities, (ihx-. 138. P. 253,) the “ increased ex
pedition’ is reduced at 1,595 dollars ye .rly, and
on examinatio of the books of the dcpariment
it apppear.-, that the contra, tor ; d in fact receive
on that route 3,495 dollars early, instead of
1,900 to which sum, an no more he
was entitled by fair and legal contract.
The increased expedition was ot importance
to the contractor, to enable him to compete
with other rapid lines in the transportation of
passengers, but it does not ap, ar to have ueen
of any considerable value lo th* publi , and had
it been of imp .rrtance, the increased compen
sation is much too great tor the additional ser
vice rendered.
It is staled in thf report of the 18th of April
1832, (Doe. 212, p. 2,) that James Reeside is
the contractor for ih ansportation of the road
on the route from P iLt* elphia to New York, in
four burse post < a hes, daily, at an annual
compensation oi 6,000 dollais, for foui years,
from th" Ist day oi January, 1832.
By the report of th 3d of March, 1834, the
contract is stated at twice a day, and the annual
compensation (Doc. 138, p. 186,) at $20,500
He was allowed (p. 187,) tor extra ser-
j vices a yearly cvinpensatien of 5,125
Increasing the compensation on this
route from 6,000, the legal contract,
to 25;625
And ah express mail mas orderered to
be run n the same route, at a yearly
corppensat'on of 3,150
Making the grand total yearly 28 775
In his eport ofthe 18tn of April, 1832, (Doc.
212, p. 131,) th Postmaster General states
that James Clark is the contractor tor earning
ti< • mail from Bedford to Blair’s Gap, anu lr< in
Blair’s Gap to t. umbeiland, once a w. ek, on
. .ns. back, from the first of January, 1832, to
th 31st of Decernbi r, 1835, at a y early com
pensaiioi)|ot 27u dollars. In the report ofthe 3d
nt March. 1834, (Doc. 138, p. 198,) Janies
Hi-eside is reported to be t.ie contractor for car
iyiug th mail on these routes, (N05.,1215 and i
1230.) from Cumberland to Blair’s Gap, ttiree '
tint s a week, in lour horse post coaches, at an
annual c -mpensation of 4,500 00
Ami on the 25th ot February, 1533,
he was directed to run daily be
tween Bedford and Blair’s Gap, at
an additional compensation of 2,911 78
Thus the legal contract of 275 dollars
has arisen to 7,411 78
James Rceside and S. R. Slaymaker were
contractors for cairying the mail from Philadel
phia to Pittsbnrgh, for a yearly compensation
of 7,000
From Pittsburgh to Washington, Pa., 1,250
Aggregate. 8.250
VOL. 11*
Ashy th report of the 18th of April, 1832
(Doc. 212’ p. 4 and 11.)
In the report of the 3rd of March, 1834,
[Doc. 138, p. 199,] they are stated to be con
tractors for carrying the mail on the same routes,
ia; , in.addition
| IA heeling, in Virginia, (which is also covered
! by th contract of Stockton and Neill, at an an
nual compensation of 27,000
I On the sth of May, 1833, there was
i made on this route a yearly extra al-
lowance from April 1, 1832, of 10,000
And there was ordered an express mail
uu the same route, to be run by James
Reeside, from Philadelphia to Pitts
burgh, at a yearly allowance of 3,150
The above are but a few out ofthe many con
tracts held by James Reeside and others, his
partners. The allowances in the above cases,
beyond the amount of their open bids and fair
and legal contracts, is 62,316 dollars
cents a year;amounting, during the continuance
of tl.eir contracts, to the enormous sum of 249,-
267 dollars and 12 cents, given to these con
tractors by the department without advertising
and without competition.
The amount of those allowances were some
what reduced on the Ist of December last, in
consequence of the insolvency of thedeparmer.t
It will be noticed in these and many similar
cases of favored contractors, that, where they
are concerned, competition is absolutely put
down, and the notice published pursuant to law,
inviting competition m the public biddings aro
but mere masks to cover their secret transac
tions. The rout' is not advertised as it is to bo
run, and before it is put into operation,some im
provement, gen< rally comporting with an altern
ative proposition in the hid, is ordered, and the
or girt il contract is merged and lost in the im
provement. The compensation agreed to by the
legal O'itract is in some instances, so insig
nificant, th rig it is hardly worth adding in as an
item in the aggregate allowance.
But it has not been thought necssary, in all
cases, to preserve even the cover of increased
services, as an ex< use for tnese extra allow
ances. The $ 10,000 yearly allowed to Ree
sidede & Slay . iker, on the route from Phil
adelphia to Pittsburgh, is wholl- without this
ap >logy. The allowance was for hardsihp in
curred in the performance of a stipulated service,
not for any thing done which their contract did
not require of them. The whole hardship, too,
as nroved by the testimony of Reeside, was
this: The mail was so ueavy for three ot their
trips weekly, as to prevent their taking in a
full load of passengers on those trips; by which
it would seem that the department, after paying
for the transpotation of the mail on this route,
; something more than 30,000 dollars, was also
held bound to pay th' contactor extra for what
evei expense and inconvenience the -transpor
tation of the mail might occasion bin-. "Or ra '
er, to give the transaction its true character, r. is
ten thousand dollars a ear was a gijt, out of
the funds ofthe department, to these contract
ors; aniljtr.ere an some further circumstances
attending it, which, on the most careful inquiry
by your committee, are not satisfactorily ex
plained.
The evidence shows that Reeside & Slayma
ker reprs' nt two companies, which share equal
ly in the profit and loss on this line. The mon
ey accruing for transportation, is received by
Reeside & S.aymak< r, a moiety each, and dis
tributed by them to their respective companies.
This extra allowance of ten thousand dollars
was re< eive by them on the sth of May, 1833,
and no part of it has yet been paid over by ei
ther of them to their partm rs, or entered upon
any account book of 'he companies. Ree
side, on his examination, staled, that thej had
kept this back to pay some old debts es tho
companies which they .supposed had been
provided for,but which were unexpectedly found
to exceed the sum appropriated for their pay
ment; but being specially interrogated, he stated
that this unexpected deficit did not exceed fivo
thousad dollars in the whole, and that it was
not discovered to exist until about three months
after the first ten thousand dollars of this extra
allow an e was received by him and Slay—
maker—the whole amount so received and so
retained py them, on this account, appears to
have been sixteen thousnd, six hundred and
sixty-six dollars, sixty-six and two third cents.
1 hi allowance of this m mey and it* applicator!
are alike remarkable. There were also certain
Ueculiar c um • iiw of a private nature be
tween these contractorsand some ofthe officers
of the department, which came under the notice
of your emmirtee, which, in their opinion, merit
considerat ion.
Some ti ein the year 1832, 0. B. Brown ap
plied to Slaymaker fi r a small loan of money,
($300) which Slaymaker accordingly'lent him,
i but took no note, and made no memorandum of
' the transaction, which took place in thepresehco
of no one but themselves. At another time Mr.
Brown asked Slay maker if he could lend him
three thousnd dollrs, at the usual rate of interest.
This also was promised, and some time after,
about the first of January, 1833, Mr. Brown
renewed his request, and said he had made u
purchase of the property of Doctor Temple, ou
the faith of the promised loan. The witness
stated before the committee, that at that time he
had not the required snm of money at command,
but undertook to raise it, aud accordingly diu
raise it by means of drafts. These drafts w ere
two in number, for fifteen hundred dollars each,
drawnby Samuel R. Slaymaker on 0.8. Brown,
and endorsed by James Reeside,and payable at
ninety days date. They were negotiated atthe
Western Bank in Philadelphia, and sent to th»