Georgia Historic Newspapers

    CHRONICLE & SENTINEL.
by j. W. & W. S, JONES.
JAMBS M* SMYTHE, Associate Editor
daily, TRI-WEEKLY Sl weekly.
OFFICE IN RAIL ROAD BANK BUILDING.
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Tri-Weekly Paper, “ “ “ " 5
Weekly, (a mammoth sheet) “ • • 2
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paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the
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any subscription may be paid, ““expires before CTie re
ceipt of funds to renew the same, the paper will 1 e
discontinued. Depreciated funds received at value in
this city.
From the IS'etc Orleans Picayune and Times, of
the Bth instant.
LATER FROM VERA CRUZ.
Arrival of tire Steamship McKlm.
The steamship McKim arrived at this port on
Sunday afternoon in charge of her first officer,
Capt. Pilsbury having died on the passage of
yellow fever.
The McKim left Vera Cruz on the 3d inst.
There had been nothing later received from the
city of Mexico than was brought down the
night of the Ist inst., but fuller accounts had
transpired at Vera Cruz than were received by
the Alabama.
We have no further information of the march
of Gen. Pillow. Had any disaster occurred to
him, the news of it could scarcely have failed
to reach Vera Cruz promptly. Our letters
make no mention whatever of him or
mand.
A letter of the 2d inst. from V era Cruz says
that Brig. Gen. Pierce would leave that city in
a day or two at the head of 4000 troops. When
they reach Gen. Scott he will have over 14,000
men under his command. Whether he will
await the arrival of Gen. Pierce we have no
means of determining, but the impression at
Puebla and the city of Mexico is decided that
he would move at an earlier day than the e re
inforcements could be expected to reach him.
By this arrival we have files of papers from
the city of Mexico to the 20th of June. In
the Diario del Gobierno of the 28th June ap
peared an important diplomatic correspond
ence. The first note is from the Mexican Min
ister of foreign Affairs to the Secretaries of
Congress, referring to that body a communica
tion from Mr. Buchanan which announces Mr.
Trist’s appointment. We learn that this letter
was communicated to Santa Anna by or through
the British Minister at Mexico, Mr. Bankhead,
who has exerted himself to bring about a nego
tiation for peace between the two nations.
As the subject is one of commanding interest i
at this moment, we give a translation of Senor j
Ibarra, and then Mr. Buchanan’s communica- ;
tion,
Letter of Ibarra to the Mexican Congress j
Enclosing Diplomatic Correspondence.
Ministry of Internal and External Relations , !
Mexico, June 22, 1847.
Gentlemen : By order of the President ad interim i
of the Republic, approved at a meeting of the Minis
ters, I have the honor to transmit, for the purpose of
beiqg laid before the Sovereign Congress, at their first
session, a copy of the official note, addressed by the
Secretary of State of the United States, to this Go
vernment, under date of the 15th April last, in which
he communicates that the President of that Republic
intended to dispatch to the headqoarters of the army
of operations in Mexico. Mr. Nicholas P. Trisf, as j
commissioner, with plenary powers to treat for a defi
nitive peace with the Mexican United States.
At the same time, I enclose for the information of
the Sovereign Congress, a copy of the reply, approved
at a meeting of Ministers, which his Excellency, the
President, has made to the said note, in the full con
viction that the august assembly to whom is reserved
the disposition of the subject referred to, in this com
munication, will act upon it with that dignity and
wisdom peculiar to their patriotism and well known
enlightened views. With this object, I reiterate the
assurance of my distinguished consideration, etc. etc. '
God and Lib-rty. " Domingo Ibarra. |
To the Secretaries of the Sovereign Congress.
Mx*. Buchanan’s Letter.
Secretary of State’s Office, >
Washington , April 15, 1847. \
To the Minister of External Relations of the
Mexican Republic: — Sh —l have the honor to ac- !
knowledge the receipt of your Excellency’s note, da- i
ted the 22d of February last, in reply to mine of the I
18th of the preceding month, in which it was pro- ■
posed, on the part of the President of the United
States, to dispatch one or more of the most distin
guished citizens of that country, to Havana or Jalapa,
or any other point that the Government of Mexico
might select, as commissioners, invested with full pow
ers to conclude a treaty of peace with commissioners
whom Mexico on her side, might nominate, and who
should repair to the spot agreed on, as soon as it was
ascertained that the Government of Mexico had fixed f
on her said commissioners.
It is with a profound sentiment of regret that the i
President learns that the Government of Mexico re- \
fuses to accede to the friendly proposals “ until the j
blockade of our ports (the Mexican,) is raised, and |
the invading forces have evacuated the territory they j
now occupy in the Repul lie, which acts must be de- i
creed, as a preliminary c mdition.”
The President directs me to inform your Excellency 1
that this preliminary condition is absolutely inadmis- i
sible; it is neither required by honor, nor is sanction- i
ed by the practice of nations. If such were the con- !
dition of treaties, it would tend to prolong wars, cs- j
pecialiy those which two contiguous countries wage
against one another, which could only terminate by !
the complete submission of one of the two contending j
parties.
There is no nation on record, that after having sa- \
crificed men and money in the invasion of the territo
ry of an enemy, after having taken possession of a
considerable portion of the soil, has consented to with
draw its forces as a preliminary condition for the
opening of negotiations for the re-establishment of
[•eace; for, by such an act, it would spontaneously
abandon all the advantages which during the war it
might have acquired, without possessing the certainty
that peace would be assured by such a sacrifice. Thus,
if the negotiations did not terminate favorably, the
nation that had commitcd the great imprudence of
withdrawing its forces from the enemy’s territory,
could not, except at a cost of life and outlay of money,
similar to what they had formerly experienced, recover
the advantageous position which it had voluntarily '
abandoned.
Fortunalely for the peace of mankind, no case oc- 1
curs in the annals of war, which will sanction the I
preliminary condition in question. The United States
are as careful of their dignity as any nation on the
face of the globe; and yet, not one of the great states- ,
men that held the reins of Government during the pe
riod ot our last war with Great Britain, entertained
the idea of insisting that the forces of that power should
abandon the territory which they occupied, with a
view to open negotiations for peace. On the contra
ry, it was onr Government that took the initiative, and
nominated the commissioners who were to meet in
convention, when even various sections of our coun
try were in possession of the enemy. The most no
table fact herein is, that the treaty of Ghent was dis
cussed, and concluded by the plenipotentiaries of both
powers at a period when the war was prosecuted with
fury by the two contending parties, and the most me
morable actions took place on our own soil, after our
negotiators had brought their labors to a successful
termination. History is full of similar examples. In
fact, there does not exist, to the knowleege of the un
dersigned, a case in modern times, except in the pre
sent instance, in which it has been established as a
necessary preliminary to the opening of negotiations
for peace, between two contending parties, that the
invading forces should be withdrawn.
It would be equally difficult to find an example for
the conduct of the Government of Mexico, in another
matter. The President, actuated by an ardent desire
Kj-to avoid the war which is now waging, sent to Mexico
a Minister, with a view to negotiate a peace. Since
the period when the Mexican troops attacked those un
der General Taylor, on this side of the Rio Grande,
by this act initiating the war, the President, always
animated by the same spirit of concord, has made re
peated propositions to the Mexican Government, with
a view to open negotiations which should bring hos
tilities to an end. And although that functionary,
from the onset, declared in the (ace of the world that
he did not require other conditions than what were just,
and at the same time, honorable to both parties; the
Mexican Government having unhesitatingly refused
to receive the Minister sent in the first instance, and
after refusing to accede to the propositions which were
made for the purpose of opening negotiations, has
never informed this Government on what basis it
would he willing to treat the various questions in liti
gation between the two Republics. The war will
never terminate, if Mexico continue to refuse to lend
an ear to the propositions which have been, and may
| be made, and whose object is the re-establishment of
1 peace.
The President would not renew hi i oners (or the
opening of negotiations, if he did not believe that the
present will be acceptable to the Mexican Govern
‘ ment. Desirous, however, that an honorable peace
be established, he is resolved that the horrors of war
• shall not exist a day longer than is judged absolutely
necessary by the Mexican Republic ; and in order that
, this, his determination, be fully carried out, he intends
• to send, under the title of Commissioner, to the head
! quarters of the army of operations in Mexico, Mr.
’ Nicholas P. Trist, undersecretary and second to the
‘ undersigned in the office of Foreign Relations, who
' is furnished with full powers to conclude a definitive
1 treaty of peace with the United States of Mexico.
This gentleman possesses the full confidence of the
President, and is deserving of that of the Government
of Mexico.
The undersigned abstains from making any com
ments on the concluding paragraph, and one in another
part of your Excellency’s note, for they involve such
a flagrant injustice to the United States, that it would
be calculated to alter the conciliatory tone which he de
sires to preserve in the present communication. Lay
ing aside, therefore, the subjects above alluded to, he
dwells with sincere pleasure on the manifestation at
the commencement of the said note, with respect to the
regret of the Mexican Government “to witness the
interruption of the cordial friendship, which she
(Mexico) cultivated with that (our) Republic, whose
continued progress she had always admired, and
whose institutions had served her as a model.”
Such sentiments arc strongly reciprocated by the
President, whose most ardent desires are that the
United Mexican States, under institutions similar to
those which govern us, may protect and perpetuate
the liberty of their citizens and preserve an elevated
jiosition among the other nations of the Globe.
The undersigned profits by this opportunity to offer
to your Excellency, the assurance of his most distin
guished consideration.
[Signed]. James Buchanan.
Reply of tlxe Mexican Minister.
Federal Palace, (Mexico,) June 22, 1847.
To his Excellency the Secretary of State of the
United States of America: —Yesterday, the under
signed, Minister of Internal and External Relations,
had the honor to receive the note of your Excellency,
dated the 15th of April last, in which his Excellency
the President of the United States intimated that he
was about sending to the headquarters of the army of
operations, in the quality of commissioner, Mr. Nich
olas P. Trist, holding office next to your Excellency,
with ample powers to conclude a definite treaty of
peace with the United States of Mexico. His Excel
lency, the President ad interim of this Republic, to
whom the undersigned immoiliately communicated
■ the contents of your Excellency’s said official note,
directs me to reply, that the ultimate disposition of the
subject of which it treats, being exclusively with the
Sovereign Congress of the Nation, he has transmit!ed
it to that body, to act on it, as may to them seem
meet. The decision which may be taken on it, will
be duly communicated to your Excellency, through
i the ministry charged with the office, and by the route
indicated in your Excellency’s note.
The undersigned profits by this opportunity, to offer
to your Excellency the assurances of his distinguished
j consideration. Ibarra.
We learn by the Mexican papers that Con
| gress was at once convened to take the sub
j ject matter of this correspondence into conside
; ration, but up to the 29th of June no quorum
had been procured.
By a letter from a source entitled to great
I respect, we further learn that Gen. Scott gave
the Mexican government till the 30th ult. to act
upon the letter when, if nothing should be done
he would inarch in.
The best opinion in Mexico, in our judgment,
we have had an opportunity of learning by this
arrival. That opinion gives but poor encour
agement for peace, but does not entirely de
spair. Other gentlemen, with very ample op
portunities for judging, write from the city of
Mexico that there is no hope of a settlement of
the difficulties ; that the Mexicans have not yet
been sufficiently whipped ; and that Gen.
Scott will have to march into the the city of
Mexico. None of the letters we have seen
mention anything about the number or position
of the Mexican troops.
From the Sun of Anahuac of the 2d inst. we
copy the following order issued by Com. Perry
j upon returning to the mouth of the river from
j his Tabasco expedition:
General Order — No. 8.
U. S. Flag Ship Mississippi,
Off Tabasco River, June 25, 1847. )
The commander-in-chief on returning to his ship
from the expedition undertaken to capture and occu
py the city of Tabasco, seizes upon the earliest mo
■ ment to offer his warmest thanks to officers, seamen
| and marines, composing the force engaged in the at
j tack, for the gratifying proofs of zeal and courage inani
! tested by them on the occasion.
Notwithstanding the extensive and judicious ar
rangements made by the Mexicans for defence, they
exhibited little gallantry in maintaining their well
chosen position, and the only disappointment evinced
by the brave officers and men proceeded from the
fact that the enemy did not stand more firmly to their
arms. M. C. PERRY,
Commanding Home Squadron.
| The Commodore arrived at Anton Lizardo
| on the 30th June, with the squadron.
Onr attention was first given to discover
something concerning the American prisoners
! in Mexico. The following paragraph is the ,
i only thing upon the subject we can find. It is |
i sufficiently indefinite, but shows that the pris- j
j oners had left the capital. It is from El Repub- \
| licano ofthe 27th ult:
Huejutla —The 180 Y r ankee prisoners of war |
f whom the Government sent by this route have
! been detained at the above named :o\vn, and
j we learn that Gen. Garay has not the necessary
means for supplying them with food.
1 Wo Lave looked In vain into preceding num
bers of the same papers for a notice of their de
i parture from the capital, hut the above scanty
paragraph is all that we can find upon the sub
ject.
A summons for Congress to assemble we
find in almost every paper we open. We pre
sume it is summoned to take into considera
tion xMr. Buchanan’s letter announcing Mr.
Trist’s appointment. It is certain that no quo
rum had been assembled up to the 29th ult.—
The publishes daily the list of mem
bers present and absent. They have several
times come near a quorum, and there is doubt
less asufficient numberof members in the city
'to form one. Seventy-one are required; sixty
' six were present on the 25th.
The papers of the city appeared to expect
1 that the American army would move from
Puebla by the end of June. They say not a
word in their later numbers of their own means
j of deience, or indeed of their own army. In
! this particular they show perfect acquiescence
to the wishes of Santa Anna. We see no al
lusion in the papers to the fact which we have
1 stated elsewhere upon different authority that
Gen. Scott had given the Government to the
30th ult. to consider of Mr. Buchanan’s letter
before pushing on to the capital. The Repub- j
licano says our army is too insignificant to ad- j
| vance, but hopes it is true that Gen. Scott in- I
i tends doing so, as it will afford a good test of j
the fidelity of those Mexicans who have pledged ;
themselves to defend the capital till death. — j
This reads much like a sneer at the Mexican
officers —a thing the Repuhlicano is very capa
ble of doing.
The persecutions against the press are con
tinued. D. Francisco Lazo Estrada, editor of
the Boletiu de la Democracia, having secreted
himself to escape a prosecution, has beenfound
and arrested. This is the second individual
i connected with this paper proceeded against.
- On the 26th ult. rumors which the Republi
j cano calls “ very alarming” were in circulation
in the capital. It was said that the Mexican
Government had acceded to the mediation of
England; that the English Secretary of Lega
tion had been down to Pueble and returned on
the 24th; that the object of his visit was to ne
gotiate with Gen. Scott a treaty of peace; that
the terms agreed upon between them would
be the surrender of the Califoruias to the Ame
ricans, the recoguition of the independence of
Texas, and the acknowledgement of the line of
36° as the northern boundary between the
United States and Mexico. [This line would
give Santa Fe and over a third of New Mexico
to the United States.] The Republicano has
’ no faith in these rumors. It denounces them
’ as false, but at the same time in such a manner
L as to betray its fears lest the rumors should be
1 true- The existence of the rumors confirms
the information we derivedfrom a distinct source
r in Vera Crnz that Mr. Buchanan's letter was 1
transmitted through the English embassy. The
same considerations may lead the reader to
attach some faith to the terms of treaty which
are enumerated above. The English Secreta
ry returned to the city of Mexico on the 24th
and Mr. Buchanan’s letter was published on the
26th, and at the same time these rumors obtain
ed general currency.
El Razonador of the 25th nit. calls the earn- j
est attention of Government to the immense
contraband trade carried on from the port of
San Sebastian and Mazatlan. Immense quan
tities of bullion are taken thither from Zacate- (
cas and clandestinely sent on board English j
vessels of war. Tne English ship Carysfort is j
charged with having received large sums on
board. The editor promises to expose the
names of the great smugglers engaged in this !
lucrative traffic.
We have at last, in a paper of the 26th, a ,
long-winded report ofthe battle of Cerro Gor
do from Santa Anna himself. It is dated as
far back as the 7th of May from Orizava. We
will pay our respects to it on some other occa
sion.
D. Pedro Prebot, a wealthy Mexican mer
chant in Cordova, is denounced for carrying on
an extensive and profitable commerce by fur
nishing supplies to Gen. Scott.
The Republicano of the 24th ult. mentions
the capture of nine Americans and a Mexican
who accompanied them in Tlaxcala. They j
were examined on the 23d, and it was thought j
the Mexican would be shot. This is doubtless '
the same party the capture of which was men- |
tioned by the “Star” of Puebla.
On the 17th of June, Gens. D. Ignacio, Mora j
y Villamil and D. Jose Maria Ortega left San
Luis Potosi for the city of Mexico. They were I
sent for by the Government to be employed —
the former in the Army of the East and to su
perintend the fortifications of Mexico, the latter
to conduct the trial of Gen. Arista.
The Independiente of San Luis Potosi an
nounces the arrivel there of fifty commissioners
from the Minister of War for officers who dis
tinguished themselves at Angostura— our Buena
Vista. These commissions are promotions to
advanced grades. Cols. Frontera and Marti
nez are made generals by these promotions.
Gen. Rincon, formerly second in command
to Gen. Bravo, and who resigned with him,
hus made hin peace with Santa Anna, and, bin
health being partially re-established, been re
stored to his former employments.
A letter of the 9th of June from Mazatlan
speaks of the blockade as being very strict. It
was maintained by the Cyane, the razee Inde
pendence and a small vessel called the Eliza
having lately sailed. [We have uo recollection
of this latter vessel].
D. Rafael de la Vega, not the General, has
resigned his post of Governor of Sinaloa.
The Mexican troops stationed at Matehuula
were suffering excessively from sickness.
Some of the new cannon cast at Chapultepec
have been tried and are said to give the utmost
satisfaction. D. Bruno Aquilar, the director of
the foundry, is much praised for his skill.
The Republicano demands of Santa Anna the
release of Gen. Arista from the fortress of
Acapulco. He is sharply censured for sending
him there without any trial.
On the 14th June Santa Anna issued a de
cree of indemnity for all political offences of
w hatever kind up to that date. All in confine
ment for such offences were ordered to be at
once released.
The President is abused by some of the
papers freely for celebrating his birth clay, the
13th of June, by a grand banquet at the palace.
The Republicano presumes that he did this at
his private expense, and that therefore the
public have nothing to say about it. Others
use more harsh terms and consider the banquet
exceedingly ill-timed in the circumstances of
the country.
The Government is represented to be using
its influence at Rome to procure the elevation
to the Metropolitan see of Mexico the Senor
Dean D. J. M. Irizarri.
The Republicano gives the following as the !
result of the election for President made on the
15th of May.
Aguascalient.es, Sonora, Sinaloa and Taman*
lipas voted for Gen. Almonte.
Qneretaro, Oajaca and Michoacan voted for
Gen. Herrera.
Mexico, Guanajuato and San Luis Potosi
voted for Senor Angel Trias.
Puebla voted for Sr. Ocampo.
Chiapas voted for Sr. Anaya.
Chihuahua voted for Gen. Santa Anna.
Durango voted for Sr. Elorriaga.
Zacatecas voted for Sr. Lafragua.
Jalisco, Coahuila, Vera Cruz, Tabasco, Yu
catan, New Leon, the Californias and New
Mexico did not vote. There is, too, a dispute
about the vote of Oajaca, a revolution having
occurred there since the vote was given to Gen.
Herrera, and the new Legislature votjd for
Santa Anna.
The 81st article of the constitution provides
that to make an election valid, three-fourths of
the States entitled to a vote must vote. As
there were 23 States entitled to vote at the late
election, and only 15 votes were cast, being less
I than three-fourths, the election has failed. Nor
can Congress proceed to elect, says the Repub
licano _ for having concluded its mission of form
ing a constitution and sworm to the fundamen
tal code, it has no power left to exempt itself
from the operation or me law.
sufficiently familiar with Mexican constitutional
law to judge of this.
Our limits constrain us to break off here, hut
without having exhausted at all the contents of
the papers we have received.
The Latest from Vera Cruz,
Three vessels have arrived here from Vera
Cruz which left there afierthe McKim, namely,
the ship Zenobia, Capt. Kinney, the ship Atlas,
Capt. Homans, and the hark Lewis, Capt. Ge
rard. They all made quick passages to the
Balize.
By these arrivals we have accounts from
Vera Cruz to the 6th instant—three days after
the McKim sailed. There had been no further
arrivals from the army of Gen. Scott or the city
of Mexico, so far as we can learn.
Geu. Pierce had not left Vera Cruz with his
detachment of troops. It was expected that he
would do so in two or three days.
The steamship Galveston had been sent up
to Tampico, to bring a load of mules. Capt.
Kinney, ofthe Zenobia, reports that she arrived
at Vera Cruz on the morning ofthe 6th iust.
The frigate Potomac had sailed for the United i
States. The steam frigate Mississippi was at
Sacrificios.— Picayune J3 th iust.
I.nter from Sauta FV.
The St. Louis papers of the 6th instant con
tain the latest news hitherto received from San
ta Fe, brought thence by a member ofthe La
clede Rangers, who had just arrived in the
steamboat J. J. Hardin. The following from
the Union, is a condensation of the intelligence
received through this source:
Mr. Michael W. Murphey, of the Laclede
Rangers, arrived last evening on the J. J. Har
din. He left Santa Feon the 29th of May, in 1
company with Captain Russell’s express from |
California. The health ofthe troops in Santa
Fe was good. Only one death by the scurvy had
lately occurred, which was that of Mr. Shep- !
pard. of this place. About 55 miles this side
of Santa Fe, they met, Maj. Edmondson, Capt.
Robinson and Lieut. Elliott, with a command of ;
between 150 and 175 men, who were attacked l
while crossing a slough at the mouth of Car- I
rion river, by a party of 300 or 400 Appache •
Indians and Spaniards, and were compelled to j
retreat with the loss of two men killed and oue ;
badly wounded, whom they left on the field. I
They also lost most of their horses, equipage,
etc. Col. Willock left Taos in pursuit of the
enemy. Mr. Murphy also informs us that the
Indians were very hostile, and attacked them
several times as they were coming through,
and drove their cattle away before their eyes.
Capt. Bell’s Government train lost about 150
! bead of cattle, which were stolen by the Ca
manches.
Captain Russell isbearerof private despatch
es from Governor Fremont, and letters to Col.
Benton, from which we expect to be favored
with news, which we will lay before our rea
| ders in due time. Captain Russell is hourly
expected in this place.
i CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
""AUGUSTA, GEOT
j MONDAY MORNING, JOLT 19, 184 T.
FOR GOVERNOR:
! DFNCAN L. CLINCH.
Os Camden*
I --
F 3P 3 Editorial matter prepared for to-day’s
paper is crowded out.
Mercer University.
Our readers will find in another column an
interesting account of the proceedings at the re
cent commencement of this Institution. It
is a source of gratification to its friends, as well
: as to the friends of education generally, to learn
| that it is in a prosperous condition, and so hand
j somely endowed, as well as ably officered, as
1 to be capable of greatly extending the blessings
| of mental and moral culture. May its prosperi
| ty rapidly increase.
[ f -
Senatorial Nomination.
At a Convention of the Whigs of Monroe,
and Pike counties, Harrison J. Sargent of
Pike, was nominated as the Whig candidate for
Senator from that district.
The following resolution was adopted :
Resolved , That this convention highly approve the
nomination by the late Whig Convention at Milledge
ville of Gen. Duncan L. Clinch for Governor, and
that we hereby express our highest gratification at the
recommendation of Gen. Zachary Taylor for Presi
dent of the United States.
The Yellow Fever has made its appear
ance in New Orleans, five cases appeared in the
Charity Hospital during the week ending the
10th iust.
Health of Vera Cruz. —According to the
official report of Dr. Barton, Surgeon U. S.
A., and President of the Board of Health of
Vera Cruz, during the month of May, the aver
age daily mortality in that city was over six and
less than seven cases a day. During the month
of June, the mortality had increased to between
nine and ten deaths daily.
The deaths among the soldiers during the
mouths of May and June numbered 189, of
which 47 were from yellow fever.
Alabama Finances. —The Tuscaloosa Moni
tor notices the report of the Bank Commis
sioners of the State Bank and Branches, made
to the Governor on the Ist inst., and adds:
“ The fact cannot be disguised that to redeem the
circulation of the banks and pay the interest on the
public debt, will soon exhaust most of the assets of
the banks, and that the foreign debt of the State,
amounting to over nine millions of dollars, will have
to be paid principally by taxation. This picture is
by no means an agreeable one; but politicians will
have to look upon it, and provide early the ways and
means of preserving the credit of the State.
Seizure of the French Steamer Union.—
The Franco-American reports that the Union
has been seized by the Custom House authori
ties in the city of New York in consequence
of some neglect ofthe appropriate formalities.
The “ Mountain Eagle ” of the 13th inst., a
new paper published atDalton (formerly Cross
Plains) the first number of which has just been
received, contains the following items of
news:
“ The name of the Post Office at this place
hasheen changed by order of the Postmaster
General, from Cross Plains to Dalton.”
“We understand that the wheat and oat
crops of this region have proved very good.—
Coni crops at this time look very promising,”
“We understand that the Western and At
lantic Railroad will be completed to this place,
about the first of next week.”
No less a number of steerage immigrant pas
sengers than 84,218 arrived at New York dur
ing the last six months of the present year; and
of these 74,423 have been landed since the first
of April, giving a monthly average since the
latter date of nearly 25,000.
AnoiUcr
“We have seen a letter from the Adjutant
General’s office, Washington, of date July 7,
addressed to a gentleman in this city, in which
it is stated that another requisition will soon bo
made on this State for a battalion of Horse.
This is understood to be in response to the
proffer of service on the part of Capts. Calhoun
and A. Nelson, to raise a regiment of mounted
men for the war. It is not yet known under
what law tne requisition will be made, but we
hope that Capt. Calhoun will have such a show
ing in the matter as his services and patriotism
entitled him to. The command ofthe battal
ion should be promptly tendered him, if the
Government selects the officers, and if it is left
to the companies, when formed, to choose their
Chief, we doubt not the honor will he confer
ferred on Capt. C.—almost as a matter of
course. E. R. Goulding. we also learn, will
take immediate steps to raise one ol the com
panies, as soon as the Governor issues the offi
cial notice of the requisition; and a capable
and efficient Captain he will make, too, judging
from his past services as second officer in
I Company A, ‘Georgia Light Infantry,’ lately
returned from the wars.
While on this subject, we would respect
fully inquire why cannot the battalion of In
fantry be made up from the middle and eastern
counties? The late Democratic Convention
‘ resolved’ in favor of the war, and why not
resolve to fill up the battalion, forthwith, and
| send it on its way to the ‘ aid and comfort’ of
Gens. Scotland Taylor? We don’tunderstand
the reason ofthe culpable apathy on this sub
ject among the friends of the Administration,
but believing that it is incurable, we invoke the
aid ofthe * Mexican Whigs' to come to the res
cue for the honor of the good old C om
inonwealth!”
The above editorial, from the “ Columbus
j Democrat ,” we commend to the perusal and
especial consideration of the organs and the
rank and file of the Democracy. They have
again and again resolved in favor of the war,
and to sustain Mr. Polk and the aduiinistra
; tion, but lo ! when the call comes, their support
] £oes not beyond their patriotic and war
| like resolutions.
Gen. C. H. Nelson. —This gentleman, so
I well known throughout the State, has arrived in
the neighborhood with a company from Cass
county. He is yet undecided, we learn, whe
ther to attach himself to the Infantry service or
the Dragoons. If to the latter, which he seems
to prefer, there will still be three companies of
Infantry to raise to make up the battalion. —
Columbus Democrat.
■BBaBaBBBBBnHMHMHH
I Correspondence o f the Chronicle Sentinel.
Mercer University —Commencement.
H. V. Johnson's Address —Protest against Read
Speeches—Prospects of the University.
Messrs. Editors:—We have again reached
I the season for College Commencements. Mer
| cer University has just led the way in an atfair
of this kind, which will require her sisters at
Emory and Franklin to do very handsomely
if they equal her in the interest ot their e.ver
cises. Some account of what was so interest
ing to your correspondent, may not prove un
acceptable to your readers.
The Commencement occurred on Wednes
day, 14 s h inst. At 10 o’clock a procession was
formed in front of the President’s mansion,
consisting of the Faculty, Board of Trustees.
Alumni, Undergraduates, and visitors from
various parts of the State. Preceded by a
splendid brass band they proceeded to the new
and beautiful chapel, which has recently been
erected according to the plan of the chapel of
Franklin College. This spacious building be
ing crowded to its utmost capacity with the
beauty and intelligence of the State, the exer
cises were introduced with an appropriate
prayer, by the Rev. Mr. Stokes of Hancock
County. Then followed the addresses from a
portion of the graduating da SS. The pro
gramme announced orations from the following
gentlemen :
J. P. Dagg, Penfield —Ministerial Zeal.
Henry M. Holtzclaw, Greene Co. —( Latin
salutatory,) —The Duty of Georgia.
Geo .T. Wilburn Greene Co.—Universal Attrac
tion.
H. L, Bunn, Twiggs Co. —The Philosophy of His- j
tory.
J. C. Gunn, Taliaferro Co.—The great Desiderat- •
um of the Age.
B. S. Walker, Walton Co. — The True Glory of
Man.
R. T. Asbury, Taliaferro Co.—The Power of the j
Press.
The last named gentleman was the valedic
torian of the class. His theme —the power of
the Press—though a trite topic was so managed
as to throw around it a fresh interest. It was
an illustration of the fact that truths, however
familiar, if eloquently enforced, will awaken
strong emotions. In his valedictory addresses
he was exceedingly happy. We have listened
to these farewell harangues at some of the most
celebrated Colleges in various parts of the
Union, but never have we heard one which
produced so deep an impression upon ourselves.
His thoughts were altogether appropriate, his j
language was chaste, yet simple, his manner
that subdued and tender strain which works
its way directly to the heart, forcing tears from
every man who has a soul. Our valedictorian
had doubtless read in the “ars poctica
“Si ris me Here dolendum est
Primum ipsi tibi.”
He took the hint, and produced the desired ef
fect.
The speeches all showed that the Professor of
Belles Lettreshad not been neglectful ofhisduty.
The elocution generally was manly and forci
ble, and the matter such as to evince that 1
they had received some training from their |
preceptors. There was no tinged bombast, no j
pompous strutting, no puerile over-acting;
a graceful and easy manner, a propriety of dic
tion and gesture were exuibited by every spea- 1
ker.
The address to the Graduating class was in
the happiest style of the accomplished Presi
dent. He spoke of the emotions of the faculty
in the annual dismission of graduates, as akin
to those which a parent feels on being required
to part with a beloved child. “Parents,” said
he, “lose their children, one by one, and at
remote intervals. Ours is an annual bereave- j
ment, and that too, of considerable numbers at
a time. These friends look upon the growing
number of the graduating class as an evidence
of the prosperity of the institution, but it is al
so a multiplication of our pangs of separation.”
The most touchingportion ofthe President's
remarks, were those in which he addressed him
self to his son, a graduate in the theological de
partment of the University, now sent forth after
a collegiate course of four years, and a theo
logical one of three years, to enter upon the |
sacred duties of the ministry. So solemn and
so affecting was this charge that there was
scarcely adry eye in the house. This address i
concluded the services, and it was something
unusual to see a college commencement con
cluded with the wiping of wet eyes. It was
what we never had to do before, but weeping j
was so pleasant that we should not shun the i
occasion which from similar causes would ex- i
cite our lachrymose powers.
In the afternoon the Hon. H. V. Johnson i
delivered the annual oration before the Cicero- ;
iiian and Phi-Deha Societies. The crowd in the
chapel and about the doors was not diminished,
so far as we could perceive. Mr. Johnson’s
oration had three points: Ist. That it is the !
probable design of Providence that the North
American continent shall be the theatre for the
display of the highest civilization which has ever
been known in the world. 2d. The evidences
that such is the design of Providence. 3d. I
Our duty in the premises. These several
points were discussed with singular ability. It
was evidently the aim ofthe orator to produce
an impression which might be salutary and
lasting, rather than to amuse his audience' for a
passing hour. His discourse was replete with
views of the most enlarged patriotism and phi
lanthropy. The facts and statistics which were
adduced in support of the various positions as
sumed. evinced that the oration was not written
currente ealatno. We believe that a copy has
been requested for publication, and we sincere
ly hope that the request ma} be granted. Its
extensive perusal cannot fail, we think, to be
productive of the happiest results.
If we ventured a remark or two byway of
criticism, we should say that the discourse j
would have been more effective if a little more ;
condensed. The orator evidently has the copia
verhorum in an eminentdegree, and this impairs I
the energy of his style. Two hours is too long !
to keep an audience jammed together in a i
crowded chapel on a sultry day. We would
observe, also, that the address would have told
better if delivered instead of being read. To
read in such away as to entertain an audience,
is among the rarest attainments, whilst many
can speak so as to secure attention. We pro
test against essays read from the manuscript on
occasions of this kind. We dislike such a mode
of addressing an audience at any time. What
lawyer thinks of reading his address to a jury ?
What member of Congress reads his speeches
from a previously prepared manuscript ?
isaac hill used to do it, and hence the distinction
which he has acquired, indicated at the begin
ning of this sentence. Who needs to be told
that sermons read from manuscripts in a mo
notonous strain (and this is the common strain
of most readers) are most potent anodynes ? j
Write, study, prepare as much as you please,!
but leave your manuscript at home. Edward I
Everett on one occasion pronounced an ora- j
tion, memoritee, of two hours length, before a |
society with which your correspondent was j
connected ; he secured the close attention of the !
audience throughout; there were no indications i
of weariness. Had the same thing been read,
some of us might have done as people frequent
ly do under soporific discourses in church.
It is understood that the Board of Trustees of
the University, have appointed the Rev. J. S.
Law, of Liberty county, an eminent clergyman
of the Baptist denomination, to fill the Professor
ship of Biblical Literature in the Theological
department. This department is now filled by
three able Professors, and has an endowment of
: {550,000. It is the only theological seminary
in Georgia. Any one desirous of prosecuting
ministerial studies, may, if properly recom
mended, receive his tuition and room rent
free. In the literary department an adjunct
Professor of Chemistry has been elected. This
department is now filled by professors who
i would be an honor to any college, and has an
endowment of about. |Bo,ooo. The Baptist de
nomination in Georgia numbers about 60.000
communicants. All that is needed to make
Mercer University as flourishing as any college
in the Union, is the support of its immediate
friends in the State. Present appearances in
dicate that this will not be withheld.
Yours, &c., Spectator.
——
From the AT. O. Picayune l3fA inst.
Later from the Brazos*
The steamer James L. Day, Capt. Wood, ar
, rived yesterday morming from Brazos Santia
go. By her we have received the Matamoros
j Flag of the 7th inst- The news is without im.
j portance.
. The 4th July* was celebrated with great
' spirit at Matamoros. We have not room f or
j the proceedings.
A rumor reached here by the Day that there
was again a fair prospect that a forward move
ment would shortly he made by Gen. Tay| or .
From conversing with those who have late
-1 ly seen Gen. Taylor, we infer that this is mere
: speculation.
We have been allowed to peruse a letter
from Saltillo dated the 19th ult., written by an
officer of the army. We infer from it that
there is likely to be a stampede thereabout
Rumors were current that large bodies of
i armed Mexicans had been seen at different
points, twenty and thirty miles from Saltillo,
i Apprehensions were excited that the Mexicans
were concentrating troops to make an attack
: upon Saltillo, and all were on the alert there
, Some suppose that Urrea may have gone
round there, and led to these rumors by appear
ing at different points. We attach little im
i portance to these reports, which will only lead
to renewed vigilance on the part of our troops.
The Flag says the Mexican population of the
j citv is visibly increasing. The new comers are
! represented as wounded and discharged Mexi
i can soldiers, in search of employment. Many
officers are also said to have arrived, seven! of
whom we have had pointed out to us. They
are all honest and deserving people. no doubt,
says the Flag, but suggests that it will be well
to keep an eye on them for all that.
The steamboat Emerprize has been sunk in
i the Rio Grande, fifteen miles above Reynosa,
Boat a total loss.
Capt. Dunlap’s company of mounted men
from Illinois had arrived at Matamoros, the men
in fine health and the horses in tolerable condi
tion.
McCulloch’s company hasreturned fromCa
margo to Matamoros.
We copy the following items from the Flag:
From the interior of the State. —Mr. Holliday,
a gentleman well known in this city, returned
i on Tuesday evening last from a journey into
the interior, sixty miles beyond San Fernando.
The object of his journey was to purchase
mules for Government, which was frustrated on
account of an irregular competition in the same
business by the band of Caravajal, who were
spread over the country taking forcible posses
sion of all the mules and horses fit for ser
vice. The alcaldes of several different villages
beyond San Fernando advised Mr. Holliday
not to prosecute his journey further, assnring
him that it would be impossible t • obtain mules,
and he was running agreat risk ofbeing either
i killed or made prisoner. He was informed
! that a part of Urrea’s force was in Victoria.
, and that the mules and horses which were be-
I ing collected by the Mexicans were intended
for a force which was raising and was to ren
dezvous at Victoria for the purpose of making
a descent upon Tampico. This he learned
from many different sources, and he believes
that an attack on that post is intended, the
weakness of the garrison tiiere strongly favoring
such a design.
F'or the Chronicle ts- Sentinel.
An Eccentric Case—[For Consultation.]
Haysville, Ga., July 18, 1847.
Gentlemen :—At the request ofseveral gentlemen,
1 send you an account of a strange and peculiarly ec
centric physical phenomenon, which has occurcd in
this vicinity, in Lincoln county. The primeval dis
ease is one of no surprise ; we often meet with it in its
most Protean forms, but. its sequence in this case is a
matter of wonder and astonishment to all who have
i witnessed it, defying every effort at a correct diagno
• sis.
The patient is a delicate female, 40 years of age.
I She is laboring under some disease of the spinal sys
tem, attended with an evident spasm ofthe diaphragm,
which affects no other part of the system, her puU«
is not at all excited , her mind is not perturbed or fore
boding, her stomach and appendages not diseased,
her head free from pain or fullness, her digestion is
not impaired. She walks about the house, is calm,
| quiet, and composed, her throat is not affected in the
\ least, no disease of the glottis, larynx, or trachea ex
j ists. consequently she has no cough, as her lungs are
not affected ; but connected with all this apparent free
dom from disease, for nine successive weeks without
recess save three days, she has been laboring un
der a loud cackling sonorous sensation , or sounds re
sembling the noise made by the male chicken. The
sound is easily distinguished half a mile ; persons ap
proaching can hear it distinctly that distance ; it pro
duces no pain or other unpleasant symptom ; the par
oxysm or cackling sounds approximate so close as to
prevent her from talking or chewing in continuation.
She is notwithstanding quite lively, but from the fa
tigue incident to it, she perspires freely, and recently
has been rather constantly confined to her bed. At
night the “ sounds ” decline some, not sufficient, how
ever, for her to rest in perfect quietude. She then feels
sime muscular debility. With the morning she re
sumes her usual occupation of “ cackling ” and as the
day advances she*grows more violent with her “mu
sical tones.” These sounds are produced at inspira
tion ; as before observed, she has no spasm about the
throat, and her mind, &c. forbids the idea of its being
; hysteria. The patient has been seen and examined,
! and a concurrence of opinion expressed by Docts. Col
lins, Crawford, and Hanson, of Columbia Coun
ty ; Doctors, Bentley, Dill, Jennings, McLean,
( Moragnv, and myself, of Lincoln ; and several others
■ lam informed have visited the case. The patient has
j excited the wonder of all classes here, and all flock to
i see her.
No physician who has seen her can divine the
cause of th< mnd.” The old ladies of the vicinity
suppose her witched” or '■'■tricked,” and I assure you
silver bullets are flying in all directions about now. —
The case is one of peculiar interest in neurology, and
worthy ofthe attention of the ablest men in medicine ;
it would probably stagger the credulity of Marshall
Hall, and put at rest his powers of diagnosis. We ask
the united opinion of medical men throughout the land,
in reference to this strange and singular sound. After
a careful search through an extensive library of old and
new works, we can find no parallel for it; this opinion
coincides with those who have seen it. We can sus
pencTthe “sound,” but as yet we have not been able to
control them permanently. All who have seen it im
agines at the outset, that the sound can be easily sus
pended ; a single trial however, will be sufficient to con
vince the most sceptical. The treatment now adopted
| promises to be successful; should it, due notice shall be
j given. In the meantime we would be glad to have the
i opinions of medical gentlemen in extenso upon the case,
i which will doubtless subserve the interest of humani-
I l Y- Very truly Yours, &c.,
H. A. RAMSAY.
a Ist Senatorial District Convention*
Davisboro’, July 14th, 1847.
In accordance with previous notice the Whig Con
vention for the 21st Senatorial District assembled to
day. On motion of T. H. Polhill, Esq., of Jefferson,
the Rev. Joel P. Leveritt, of YVashington, was
elected President of the Convention, and M. C. Wil
liamson and S. B. Crafton were requested to act as
Secretaries. The list of delegates from the several
districts of each county were then called and all were
found to be present.
On motion of T. H. Polhill, Esq., a committee ot
three from each county were appointed to suggest to
the Convention the name of a suitable person as the
Whig Candidate in this district for the Senate. Th* 1
committee consisted ofT. H. Polhill, Dr. T. W.Bat.