Georgia Historic Newspapers

    my. He proceeded with great caution through
the dense and thorny thickets, and placed his
men. without being discovered by the enemy,
along the road, about twenty yards from it and
about six feet apart, the left or upper flank
reaching within twenty-five yards of the hill
top, where the head of the enemy’s column
could be seen standing. Lieut. Wyche had
taken a similar position on the other side of the
road, lower down. Thus prepared, they await
ed the advance of the enemy, who threatened
to charge down upon the camp. Capt. Hai
now crept up alone to the top of the hill, and
findingthat the main body of the enemy were
preparing to move off, he returned and ordered
his men to march forward. Just Halle s P a . r ‘
ty were about to fire, one of the Mex.caus tn
advance shook h» f.ad
thTvvmds thed^upoll his lips before a volley of
musketry blazed forth from the chaparral, and
some fifty stalwart fellows rushed out andup the
h?ll with a “ hurra” that sent terror into the
hearts of the senors carrnjos, who had but a
moment before been beating arums, smok
ing p uros and cursing the Americanos. The
surprise was perfect, and the enemyscattered
in every direction, without even returning the
fire. A portion of Capt. Fairchild’s company
were engaged during the morning clearing
the heights in the rear, of such scattering Mexi
cans as might hang about in that direction.
All being clear, an advance guard, composed
of thirty men, selected equally from the two in
fantry companies, was placed under the com
mand of Lieut. Cheney #f Capt. Haile’s com
pany and ordered to march fifty paces ahead
of the cavalry and clear the heights of the ene
my who might lie in ambush. The command
was now within three miles of the National
Bridge. No intelligence had been received
from Maj. Lally’s command and nothing beard
of Lieut. Henderson and his party. Capt.
Wells ordered some of the baggage to be de
stroyed, and another (the 2d) wagon to be left
the mules being useless and only interrupt
ing the march. Nothing was seen of the ene
my, and the little party proceeded quietly along
until they came in sight of the fort on the left
that commands the Bridge as well as the road
for half a mile or more on each side; every
thing quiet, not a Mexican to be seen in the
vicinity. Capt. Wells ordered Lieut. Cheney
to advance with his guard, followed by a por
tion of mounted volunteers, to the Bridge, at the
same time extending the column sufficiently to
prevent the men from being unnecessarily sa
crificed in case of a surprise. Every eye was
upon the frowning height containing the fort,
and Capt. W., with Lieut. Cheney and the ad
vance guard of infantry, had reached the Bridge
and remained some moments, (the rear hav
ing advanced within musket range of the circu
lar fort) when suddenly the height, or rather
the fort, swarmed with Mexicans, who opened
upon the detachment a destructive fire of es
copetas, musketry, and with two small pieces of
cannon, adding frequently congreve rockets.
Captain Wells ordered those around him
to return the fire, and then directed them
to retire. Capt. Haile had been ordered to
remain and protect the train. In less than ten
minutes after the fire opened, nearly three
fourths of the males were killed. Mr. Bady,
the wagon master, succeeded in getting off
one ambulance unhatmed, seven wagons and
one ambulance being abandoned. Mr. Bady’s
great perseverance, good judgement and zeal
ous exertions during the whole trip are spoken
of in high terms by the officers of the command.
The men, the raw recruits under the captains
before named, behaved with as much cool
ness as veterans —indeed, with much more
steadiness than any one had aright to expect.
Lieut Cheney is highly commended by the com
manding officer for his coolness and good
conduct in the trying situation in which lie was
placed. In truth, all performed their duty
faithfully and gallantly, but they were entirely
at the mercy of the triple force overhead , (the
fort could not be reached,) and all they could
do was to retire or die. The far end of the
Bridge was barricaded. It may be proper to
notice here, that the officer commanding the de
tachment (cavalry, infantry and wagons) was
not allowed a horse by the proper department,
and was consequently obliged to command on
foot until he dismounted a dragoon to enable
him to perforin his duty faithfully.
The command now (the 16th)'found itself
without food or clothing. The knapsacks of
the men had been for the occasiin packed in
the wagons. No one brought from the scene
more than he carried upon his person. The
officers who were clad in their old clothes for I
m itching lost every thing—clothing, papers,
and all—and returnedto Vera Cruz like the
men under them, some without coats and be
reft of every comfort.
The return of the command was more rapid
than its advance, first because they were reliev
ed ofthe wild mule train; and secondly, be
cause they had no food, and were constantly
surrounded by Mexicans. On the return, the
responsible and hazardous duty of clearing the
road and heights at dangerous places necessa
rily devolvedupon Capt. Haile.
The commanding officer behaved from the
commencement to the end with great coolness,
and displayed throughout the characteristics of
a true soldier and accomplished officer.
In the command was Mr. Hayes, formerly
one ofthe proprietors of the New Orleans Del
ta, an amateur, who was always ready and wil
ling when danger was at hand. His excellent
judgement, cheerful disposition, and bravery at I
the moment of peril, rendered him a most use- j
ful acquisition to the command. On returning j
to the camp near Vera Cruz, Capt. Shephard, j
of the Bth Infaniry.used every exertion to ren- 1
der the officers and men comfortable, and Mr. j
Hayes and Mr. Allis (the postmaster at Vera '
Cruz) soon found means to contribute to the
well-being ofthe officers.
The command arrived on the 17lh at Santa
Fe, and Mr. Badv volunteered to go forward
to Vera Cruz and ask for ambulances for the
sick and wounded. At 10 o’clock the same
night he returned with two ambulances and
four wagons. Capt. Fairchild left the infantry
at Santa Fe. and went to the camp near Vera
Cruz. On reaching, the encampment near i
Vera Cruz, the worn-down troops found no
shelter from the pelting rain which had just be
' gun to fall. They were wiihoift coats or blan
kets, and at 10 o’clock the next day, twenty
four hours after their arrival, they were still
without tents or blankets, the rain having fallen
in torrents, and their condition being well
known by the commanding officer in the city,
and requisitions having been made by those in
distress.
In the attack at the Nacional Bridge, Capt.
Wells lost one man killed and one wounded.
Capt. Haile lost two killed, (Begnar of St. Lou
is and Sojourner of Shreveport, La.) One
teamster was killed. Those who have died in
consequence ofthe heat and fatigue, and em
bracing the detachment of mounted men lost,
wdi swell the loss of this badly planned expe
dition to some forty men—forty men out of two
hundred.
Culture of Irish Potatoes.
At a meeting of the State Agricultural So
ciety of South Carolina, at Aiken, in July last,
Mr. David Villard exhibited some potatoes,
which the Committee report “as the largest
they had ever seen.” The season has been pro
pitious for the growth of large vegetables
generally, yet us Mr. V.’s culture may have had
some influence in producing potatoes of an
extraordinary size, we copy his report to the
Society :
“ The land on which these potatoes were raised, was
prepared by being plowed well and thrown up into
beds six feet wide and two feet apart; the beds were
trenched six inches deep and eighteen inches apart;
the potatoes were cut in the usual manner, and plant
ed from ten to twelve inches apart in the trenches;
they were then covered with a compost of five parts of
•table manure, one of plaster of Paris, two of lime
and two of rotten ashes and burnt bones. These in
gredients were well mixed, and strewn in the trenches
deep enough to cover the potatoes —a light covering of
common earth was then put on, and the usual hoe cul
t ure pursued in tending the potatoes.
J CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
’ BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
< j yihes M. SJIYTHB, Associate Editor
‘ DAILY,
1 OFFICE IN RAIL ROAD BANK BUILDING.
TF RMS Daily Paper, per annum, in advance ••$lO
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; j -iper be attended to, unless accompanied with the
[ money, and in every instancewhen the time for which
any subscription may be paid, expires before the rc
! ceipt of funds to renew the same, the paper will I e
j discontinued. Depreciated funds received at value in
this city.
AUGUSTA, G* A :
TUESDAY MORNING, SEPT. 7, 1847.
FOR GOVERNOR:
DUNCAN L. CLINCH,
Os Camden.
Whig Convention and Meeting.
The Convention to nominate two Whig
candidates for the Legislature, will meet at the
City Hall to-day, at 3 o’clock P. M., when we
trust every delegate will be present.
In the evening at 7 o’clock, a meeting of the
Whigs will take place at the City Hall, to re
ceive the report of the proceedings ofthe Con
vention. On this occasion every Whig in the
city and county, who can, without manifest in
convenience, should be present, and we sin
cerely hope the Whigs ofthe city will general
ly be there, to respond to the nominations.
The War--Tlie Administration.
[continued.]
Our third proposition was, that the war with
Mexico was provoked by the Executive for
objects of corrupt personal ambition and party
triumph. We should have said, perhaps, that
there were reasons for believing this, instead
of asserting it to be positively true, and we now
qualify the assertion accordingly. We hope,
sincerely, that such was not the fact, but that
the error was one of the head and not of the
heart. But we shall present our views, and
leave the reader to draw his own conclusions.
Mr. Polk, in his annual message of Decem
ber Bth, 184 G, takes special pains to show that
Texas extended to the Rio Grande. He says:
“ The Texas which was ceded to Spain by the
Florida Treaty embraced all the country now
claimed by the State of Texas between the
Nueces and the Rio Grande.” He then goes
on to show that Texas claimed to the latter
river and had a right to it, and then says: “This
was the Texas which, by the act of our Con
gress of the 29th December, 1845, was admit
ted as one of the States of our Union.” Now,
was not this a shameless assumption of a fact
which was not true, and which Mr. Polk must
have knoten was not true ? We have already
shown, in a previous article, that Congress re
fused to make the Rio Grande the western
boundary of Texas, but left it an open question
to be settled by negotiation. We will observe
time it was essential for Mr. Polk to assume
the Rio Grande to be the western boundary, in
order to justify his ordering our army to lake
I position on it. It is manifest, from what we
j have shown, that Mr. Polk, in utter contempt
! of the decision of Congress, and by an assump
tion of the power of an Autocrat, assumed and
declared a fixed icestern boundary for the new
State of Texas.
Now, we shall convict him of something
which looks very like criminality, by the testi
mony of his own acts : Texas, by her annexa
tion, became entitled to all the rights and privi-
I leges which belonged to the other States of the
Union. We shall show that Mr. Polk did not
believe that Texas extended to the Rio Grande,
or if he did, that he trampled upon her sove
reign rights. Mr. Polk, in his message, said :
j “The Congress o r Texas, on the nineteenth of De
i ceinber, 1836, passed ‘an act to define the boundari's
| ofthe Republic of Texas,’ in which they declared ihe
| Rio Grande, groin its mouth to its source, to be their
boundary, and by the said act they extended their
‘civil and political jurisdiction’ over the country up
to that boundary.”
As we have before stated and shown, he sus
tained Texas in tills declaration, and said that
“ this was the Texas,” &c.. which was admit
ted by Congress into the Union.
Now, all of our readers are familiar with t.’e
expedition fitted out and conducted by General
Kearney for the conquest of Santa Fc. That
j town, San Juan, San Pedro, Taos, Valencia,
' and some fifteen or twenty other Mexican
; towns, and a population of from forty to sixty
! thousand Mexicans living in these towns and
on their plantations and farms, are all on the
cast of the Rio Grande, and consequently, ac
cording to the Texan Congress and Mr, Polk,
are within the limits of the sovereign State of
Texas. Yet General Kearney was instructed
to conquer it, and inform the people, which he
did, that “It is the wish and intention ofthe
! United States to provide for New Mexico a free
Government with the least possible delay, simi
lar to those in the United States,” &c.
He further announced that it was “his in
tention to hold the Department of New M exi
co, with its original boundaries on both sides of
the Rio Grande as a part of the United Stages,
and under the name of the teriitory of New
Mexico. ' 1 This was a pretty high-handed mea
sure for a President to take with the Territory
of a sovereign State ! The people of Santa
Fe and surrounding country, were actually
sworn in as citizens of the United States, ab
solved from all allegiance to Mexico, and some
of them have been hung as traitors to the United
Slates for endeavorin g to re-establish their con
nection with the Mexican Republic! What
was all this? Was it done from ignorance,
imbecility, or something worse ? Could that
country be a part of Texas and a part of the
Mexican Department of .New Mexico at one and
the same time? Was it conquered for Texas
and to subject it to her authority ? Let the
President speak for himself. We copy from
his annual message of 1846, to which we have
already referred. Alluding by name to New
Mexico and California, he said:
“It may be proper to provide for the security of
these important conquest’s by making an adequate
appropriation for the parpo.se of erecting fortifications
and defraying the expenses necessarily incident to
the maintenance of our possession and authority over
them.”
A pretty free use this of a part of a sovereign
State, by a cautious, straight-Uaced Democratic
strict-construction President! It looks very
much like an outrage that wouL I make Gear-
gians stand to their arms if perpetrated within
the limits of Georgia ! Does it not show that
Mr. Polk had no respect for the sovereign
rights of Texas, or did not believe what he had
declared in his message, that the Rio Grande
was her western boundary! One of two
things must be true—there is no escape from
1 it. Mr. Polk committed an aggression upon
Mexico, if the east bank of the Rio Grande be
longed to her. or an aggression upon Texas, if
she was the rightful owner. Is he not fairly
caught in a web which he has woven for him
self? He stands in need of the aid of his
friends! Can they relieve him from the di
lemma?
We could produce other facts to show that
Mr. Polk himself had reasonable doubts about
the western boundary: but we do not wish
to be tedious, and proceed to introduce other
testimony from Democrats and Mexicans, to
show that Texas was bounded on the west by
the river Nueces, while a Mexican State, and
that as an independent government, she never
extended her limits westwardly farther than the
settlements immediately on the west of that
river.
We have already shown, in a previous num
ber, that the Mexican Generals, Ampudia and
La Vega, and the Prefect of Tamaulipas, con
sidered the approach of our army to the Rio
Grande to be an invasion of a Mexican pro
vince, and that they desired Gen. Taylor’s re
turn within the limits of Texas proper. We
will make an extract from the proclamation of
Gen. Mejia. He said:
“ Still the Cabinet of the North stops not in its ca
reer of spoliation. The Department of Texas is not
the only prize at which it grasps ; its rapacity covers
the left bank of the Rio Grande. The army, for
some time stationed at Corpus Christi, is advancing to
seize upon a great part of Tamaulipas &c.
“ What hope remains, then, to the Republic of
Mexico of treating with an enemy who, at the very
time when lulling us to sleep by the opening ol diplo
matic relations, moves on to occupy a territory which
cannot be in dispute. The limits of Texas are cer
tain and recognized, they have never come beyond
the river Nueces-, and yet the American army has
overstepped the line which separates Tamaulipas
from that Department
We will introduce some testimony now in
reference to the maps. In Mathew Carey’s
“ General Map of the World,” published in
1814, before there could have been any politi
cal purpose to do wrong, the Nueces is made
the western boundary of Texas. The pro
vince of Tamaulipas is put down on both sides
of the Rio Grande. Mr. Carey could have
had no motive for deception. The Spanish
Minister at Cevallas, in a letter to Messrs.
Monroe and Pinckney, in 1805, says:
“ The province of Texas, where the Spaniards have
had settlements from the 17th century, bounds by the
east with Louisiana, and contains the extensive coun
try which lies between the river Medina, where ends
t ;e government ofCoaqnila, to the post now aban
doned.”—[See American State Papers , vol. 12,
page 298. J
The river Medina is even east of the river
N:ieces.
General Almonte was sent by the Mexican
Government to Texas in 1834 upon some bu
siness connected with that section. Texas and
Coahuila at that time formed, one State. Gen.
Almonte was informed by the State Govern
ment of Texas and Coahuila, that the river
Nueces, then put down on the map as the line
between those provinces, was not the trm one.
The true limit ought, it was alleged, to com
mence “ at the emhrochnre of the river Aran
saso, and follow it to its source, continuing
thence in a direct line, until it reached the
junction of the Medina and San Antonio ri
vers; from which it ought to proceed along the
eastern bank of the Medina towards its source,
and terminate on the borders of Chihuahua.”
— (Kennedy's Texas, Page A.)
In M rs. Holley’s work on Texas, the Nue
cesislaid down as the boundary between Texas
and Tamaulipas and Coahuila. In David B.
Edwards’s history of Texas, published in 1826,
he makes the Nueces the icestern limits. Speak
ing of the Rio Grande he says:
“ If this river ever becomes the western boundary
of Texas (as d sired by the inhabitants) it will add
a hundred miles to its sea coast, and fifty thousand
square miles to its superficies; the southern section of
their suiface, sandy, barren prairie, almost destitute
of water; audits northern, rocky, sterile mountains,
nearly as destitute of timber.”
The Convention which met in Texas in
1832 and 1833, in the division of the State
into Senatorial districts, stopped at the Nue
ces on the tvest, recognizing that as the west
ern boundary.
This array of testimony is conclusive to show
that Mr. Polk ought not to have ordered the
march of the army to the Rio Grande.
We will now introduce some Democratic
testimony on the subject. When the treaty
was before the Senate which fixed the western
boundary of Texas at the Rio Grande, Mr.
Benton olfered this resolution :
“That the incorporation of the left (oreastern) bank
of the Rio del Norte into the American Union by vir
tue of a treaty with Texas, comprehending as the
said incorporation would do a part of the Mexican
departments of New Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila
and Tamaulipas would be an act of direct aggres
sion on Mexico, for all the consequences of which
the United Sta es would be responsible .”
If, then, it would have been an aggression on
Mexico for the United States to have done that,
in what light should the conduct of Mr. Polk
he viewed, who sent our army there, when
the above treaty had been rejected, and Con
gress in the joint resolution which annexed
Texas, refused to fix the boundary at that river ?
Mr. Ashley from Arkansas, another Demo
cratic Senator, said:
“ I will here add, that the present boundaries of
Texas, I learn from Judge Ellis, the President of the
Coven noN that formed the constitution of Tex
as, and a Iso a member of the first legislature under
that nstilution, were fixed as mey now are, (that is,
extending to the Rio Grande,) solely and profess
edly with a view of having a large margin in the
negotiation icith Mexico , and not with the expecta
tion of retailing them as they now exist in their
, STATUTE BOOK.’*
> Gen. Taylor took position with his troops
1 at Corpus Christi, because of the declaration
i iu the letter of our charge Mr. Donalson,
> (Dem.) of June 28th, 1845, that “Corpus
i Christi is the most westerly point now occu
! pied by Texas.”
r This is the testimony of our Minister to Tex
as, Mr. Polk’s Minister, and one who, through
f out the whole period of the negotiations, did
? every thing in his power to promote the policy
* of annexation. Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll,
r the Democratic Chairman of the House Com
mittee of Foreign Relations, iu a speech, in
i which he declared that he favored annexation to
: destroy slavery, said, that “the stupendous de
r aerts between the Nueces and the Rio Grande”
- wvre a heaven-appoint ed barrier between the
! Anglo-Saxon and Mauritanian races on this |
; continent, and that it would be criminal in
either to cross it for purposes of conquest.
We have thus produced considerable Demo
cratic testimony, that Texas not only did not
extend to the Rio Grande, but that the left i
bank of that river belonged to the Mexicans.
But, we deem the refusal of Congress to fix the
boundary, as sufficient to have constrained the
President to confine the army to the defence
and protection of that part of Texas in the oc
cupancy of the Texans.
We shall conclude our exposition to-mor
row, by refuting some of the main arguments
upon which our opponents rely to justify the
President, and save him and theix. party from
the thunderbolts of public opinion which are
constantly falling upon them.
—
Fortunate Men. —The Health Committee
of the city are said to be afflicted with very se
vere colds. We congratulate them.
Major-General Patterson, and Major
Polk, passed through this city last evening en
route for Mexico.
The amount of money in the depositories of
the Government on the 30th ult., subject to the
draft of the Secretary of the Treasury, was ac
cording to the monthly statement of that offi
cer, $3,727,051.54.
The U, S. frigate Brandywine, destined for
the Brazil Station, dropped down from the
Norfolk Navy Yard on Tuesday, preparatory
to sailing.
Tlxe Pass of El Penon.
The following description of this pass, at
which it is expected General Scott will be met
in strong force by the Mexicans, is extracted
from the correspondence of the N. V. Sun. —
The pass is within five miles of Ayotla:
“It is a narrow gorge, 16 miles from the city. It
is about 60 rods wide, and runs between two volcanic
mountains, high, barren, and difficult of access. At
their bases the ground is level, and the Penon fortifica
tion extends in a sort of half circle from mountain to
mountain, nearly a quarter of a mile. One of these
mountains lias a crater top, so hollowed as to serve as
a natural breast work. Here a portion of the [Mexi
can] army is to be posted, also a portion on the other
mountain, and the main body in the fortifications.
“The fortifications are composed of stone and earth
of great strength, and are capable of mounting forty
heavy cannon. Towards Puebla, the fortifications
have a perfect cannon shot range fur more than a mile
and a ha’f, sweeping the entire road. Near the moun
tain to the right, going towards Puehia, on a high emi
nence, Santa Anna has erected an observatory, safe
from cannon shot, from which he intends watching the
expected battle. A battery of cannon has also been
placed on a hill to the right of the road beyond the pa?s
towards Puebla. Some defences are also erected on
the two mountains which form the Pass. This spot
is admirably situated to defend the capital, and
in the hands of any body hut Mexicans, would be
impassable. Santa Anna’sobservatory is nearly thirty
feet higher than any of the surrounding hills. Up
wards of 30,000 men were at work on the fortifications
when the Sun’s courier left. There is but one other
road at all practicable, by which the American forces
could advance, the ‘Annunciation’ to the south of the
Puebla road, and this defended by still more difficult
passes. These seem like formidable obstacles to en
counter, but Scott is well supplied with the right arm
of an attack, excellent artillery, and with infantry,
whose assaults are irresistible.”
For the Chronicle and Sentinel.
As every body knows, who knows Mr. H. V.
Johnson, there is not a more ungenerous and
uncompromising politician in the Democratic
ranks —that there is no n an more uncharitable
to the opinions of his political opponents, or
more reckless of truth in stating their positions
—that there is not a stump orator in Georgia,
from the highest to the lowest, who is more un
fair, unmanly and discourteous in his public
speaking. Under certain restraints, on certain
occasions, he has been known to make an ill
d:sguised effort to suppress his exuberant grll,
but —
His is the vulgar eye that lacks not courtesy alone,
But doth betray the man to low-bo-’n malice prone.
Having just met a Baldwin county Demo
crat —one of Mr. Johnson’s very particular and
lovin g friends —I drew his attention to the Chron
icle of the Ist instant, containing an account of
the meetings at Dalton and Cohutta Mountain,
and the public exhibition of those incongruous
affinities, the Didapper and Coonkiller. The
characteristic part assigned to the latter, turned
on a misrepresention of facts (to say nothing of
the present abuse) in regard to Gen. Clinch.
(If you will look in the last Recorder you will
see a triumphant refutation of all inisrepresen
tions on that subject, by “a Volunteer, ” who
was stationed at Gen, Clinch’s plantation for
several weeks during the war.) After the Dem
ocrat hud read the accounts just referred to in
yonr paper, he hastily remarked, “Well, Towns
may need ‘backing.’ but the backing that John
son is giving him will break his back!” Now
I can understand the meaning of my friend’s
remark only in one light, to wit: That John
son, while pretending to help Towns along, is
positively' riding him, and that Towns is not
strong enough to carry so much weight on a
rough course, up-hill at that.
Excuse me, gentlemen, for attempting to give
my Democratic friend’s remark a poetical ver
sion, and for the present I will dismiss the sub
ject :
Poor Towns must be crushed by the hug of the bear,
Or smothered forlack of God’s sunshine and air :
As to votes, Towns could dodge ’em—and questions,
he’d waive ’em :
But from “Coonkiller’ s”friendship no dodging could
save him.
Like the pet bear that broke his poor master’s nose,
The Coonkiller’s kindness more mars friends than
foes :
That the Dodger needs backing ’tis freely agreed—
And the Coonkiller’s backing is backing indeed !
Hancock.
For the Chronicle 8? Sentinel.
The Democratic presses are asserting that
the tariff of 1846 is yielding more revenue than
that of 184*2. The statement has been made and
no one seems disposed to contradict it. Upon
reference, however, to the facts, I find it is not
1 true. By Mr. Walker’s report, made the 3d
December 1845, I find he says, the income from
customs for the fiscal year ending 30lh June,
< 1845, is $27,528,112 70.
By his report dated December 9th, 1846, I
find he states the income from customs for the
• fiscal year ending 30th June 1846, at $26,712,-
■ 667 87.
Now, by the report published in the Union,
r of the quarterly receipts of the fiscal year ending
, 30th June, 1847, I find they are $22,299,791,
- thereby showing, that they have fallen off under
i the new tariff, four millions and a half ot dol
> lars in one year. I hope we shall hear no more
-about the tariff of 1846 yielding more revenue
’ than that of 1842. The facts deny the slate
-3 meat. Walker.
Health of New Orleans.— The official
list of Interments in the City of New Orleans
from 9. A. M., of Saturday, the 28th to Mon
day, the 3gth of August, at the same hour, two
days, shows 139 in all, of which 104 were of
I Yellow Fever.
The Interments in Lafayette for 48 hours ,
ending 30th ult., were 38, of which 29 were of
Yellow Fever.
From the N. O. Commercial Times , 31s/ ult.
The Cotton Crop—The Army Worm.
We regret to slate that the genuine Army
I Worm, which caused such destructive ravages j
! to the cotton crop last year, has made its ap- |
pearance simultaneously in several parts of i
Mississippi, threatening again to destroy the la
j bors of the planter. Letters received yester- I
| day, mention its appearance in Warren, j
I Adams, Jefferson, Concordia and Wilkinson
1 counties, and from the alarming rapidity with
I which the insect spreads, it is apprehended that j
the visitation will be general throughout the
| country. Fortunately the crop is lurther ad-
I vanced than it was at this period last year, and
1 thus less exposed to the depredations of the
catterpillar ; but still it cannot be disguised that
much mischief may be accomplished by the se
cond brood of worms a fortnight hence, more
especially if the weather should continue rainy.
Our esteemed correspondent, Mr. Thomas
Affleck, writes as follows:
Natchez, August 28, 1847. j
Editors Commercial Times — Gentlemen: —I
wrote hurriedly, on my way home, through Natchez,
from a two day’s trip, examining into the progress of
the cotton-worrn. They are upon xis, as I have all
along anticipated, and the crop is gone —that is, they
will sweep over it in some twelve or fifteen days,
equal to a frost at that date. This you may rest as
sured of. I will give you particulars in a day or so.
Yours truly, Thomas Affleck, |
Another gentleman writes from
Rodney, Miss., August 27, 1847.
My crop will to a certainty, be a short one. The
rains and boll-worms have nearly destroyed the crops
in my neighborhood, and the army-worms have made
their appearance.
The Yazoo City Whig of the 24th instant,
speaks dolefully of the prospects of the crop
in that section. It says:
“ We regret to announce that the boll-worm has
already commenced its ravages, to a great extent, in
; portions of this, and some of the adjoining counties.
So much has it injured the cotton, that many planters
in whose fields it has made Us appearance, have al
ready despaired of gathering as large a crop as they
did last year.”
In addition to the above, we subjoin the fol
' lowing extracts of letters from a very intelli-
I gent gentleman in Woodville—one fully con
versant with the subject.
Woodville, August 26, 1847.
Gentlemen : —lt is only a few days since I gave
you rather a flattering account of the prospects for a
crop here. Since then, a considerable damper has
been thrown upon the bright anticipations of those
who were indulging then in fancied security, by
the pcsitive appearance of the genuine Cotton-Eating-
Catterpillar. Until now, the stories circulated about
their supposed appearance in many parts of the coun
try, were all humbug. They have been found on
several plantations around Woodville, principally in
the Western portion of the county, and on the places
where they first appeared last year. I have before
ire two of them which came from a place adjoining
Ashwood. In appearance, habits, &c., they are pre
cisely similar to the Cotton Eater of last year, and
have been pronounced genuine by Mr. Dunbar, Mr.
Visebus, and others, who observed them critically in
1814 and 1846. They are so much later than last
year, and have as yet shown themselves in such small
numbers, that no calculation can be made of the
damage likely to result from their ravages. Judging
from past experience, the foliage of the cotton is safe
fron destruction, until about the 20th of September;
and should the weather continue good, and other cir
* cumstances prove favorable, the crop may yet be
twice as large as last year.
For the present, all I can say is, the genuine Cot
ton-Eater is at work here. When they have further
developed themselves, I will write you more explicit
ly in regard to the prospective damage likely to result
from their work of destruction, which, as I have be
fore stated, will not begin to any considerable extent
before the 20ih of September —about three weeks
later than 1846, and two weeks earlier than in 1844.
Woodville, August 27, 1846.
I have seen since yesterday, several specimens of
Caterpillars brought in from the country, in numbers
sufficient to fully confirm the statement I made to you
yesterday —that the worm is generally making its
appearance on the plantations in this vicinity. There
is no longer a doubt but that the fields will be stript
| between the 20th and 30th of September at farthest.
Many planters think the damage to the crop will only
be slight, as the Cotton is so far advanced, and the
progress of the worm likely to be retarded by the cold
nights in September.
The Cotton Crop. —The following letter from
a very intelligent planter and close observer of
the slate of the crops, will be read with inter
est.
Yazoo City, August 23, 1847.
Gentlemen: —Whilst I am writing, I will say a
word or two in relation to the growing crop in this re
gion. Since the 20th of June we have had by far the
most rainy season I have seen in this country, and it
continues up to the present moment. Considerable
local damage has been done in many places by the
overflow of creek bottoms. These rains have done
considerable injury to every agricultural product.
Even the corn has suffered. Much of it is prostrate
upon the ground in consequence of heavy winds, and
will rot before it can dry sufficiently to house. The
cotton has sustained itself, under these continued rains,
much better than I thought it would ; though for the
lasi ten days it has suffered severely, and certainly pre
sents a more gloomy prospect now than it did twenty
dtys ago.
I now consider it certain that the earliest portion,
say the first half of what would ordinarily be expect
ed, will be very light indeed. And as to the latter
portion, it will depend materially upon the time we
have the first killing frost. An early frost will do
more damage this year than it ever did. The cotton
is lute beyond all precedent In the bottoms in this
region the first cotton basket will scarcely go into the
field before the first of September. In the hill coun
try there is not one man in fifty that I as picked a boll
up to this time. Slill, there is perhaps, enough of
growing cotton to make a moderate crop, if we can
have weather to mature and pick it.
1 regret to see so much appearance of alarm and so
many erroneous statements in relation to the cotton
worm. I am well satisfied that the worm of last
year has not yet been seen in this region of country.
What a day may bring forth is more than any of us
can tell.
I am the better able to make the above observations
at this time, as I have of late, and even up to the
present day, had the opportunity of seeing a good
many plantations, and of conversing with a number of
planters in this and the adjoining counties.
Yours very respectfully,
The Montgomery (Ala.) Flag of the 4th inst.
says:
The Cotton Crop end Weather. —The complaints
of the crops are becoming every day more general and
more decided. In some places the caterpillar has not
appeared, or done any mischief, while in others it is
said to be sweeping everything before it.
In this State, as far as we can learn from our ex
changes, and particularly in,this section, the complaint
is general. The boll worm is every where, and doing
far more mischief than it did last year. From some
parts of Macon, Autauga and Montgomery counties,
the accounts are very gloomy. On one plantation
where 250 bales were made last year, we understand
that the overeer says he does not expect to make more
than 100 this year. Others use similar language, —
Some weeks ago the weather cleared off warm and
fine, and the crop began to show considerable signs of
improvement, but latterly the damp, cloudy, rainy
weather that marked the commencement of summer
has returned, and the hopes which our planters began
to nourish of making an average crop have departed.
Yesterday it rained steadily all day, without intermis
sion, enough to destroy whatever cotton may be open
ing in the fields. Indeed, in some instances, for want
of warm sunshine, the cotton in the opening boll re
mains in a hard lump, while in others it is found stain
ed and even rotten. Complaint is not confined to any
one character of soil either, it is as general from the
sandy laud plantations as from the prairies. So far as
tins section of the State is concerned, we believe that
the crop will be less this year than last. The same
will likely be the result in Dallas, Greene, Perry, Ma
rengo, Sumter, and other counties in this State, and
those in upper Mississippi, lying near Columbia.
The Mobile Advertiser of the Ist instant
says:
The Growing Crops. — -We have taken pains to
obtain correct information in relation to the growing
crops, particularly in this State, and, during~tlPT 11
ten days, have received letters, from the most am) U
tic and reliable sources, from all parts oftheStJ. I
from Columbus, Miss., and we regret to say , th it
uniformly, without a single exception contain th,. y
unfavorable intelligence. It is unnecessary, ii,,?*
it would be impossible, to publish all the letters *
have on this subject, but as a specimen, we oj|. e
following extractof one dated “ Greeasborouoh \
25 —“The Cotton Worm is increasing rapidly
is quite destructive in this section. This tov
with the late rains have cast a gloom over tm* ler
pects here that the most favorable season
pel. The bottom crop as well as the middle °
j will be almost an entire failure , especially j Cr '" J P
| blacklands, where the weed is so rank that it •
j possible for the boll to open or mature before it
i No one is yet picking to any extent here. \\v rots
i ture that there has not been, nor will there be ° n
j running in this county in two weeks. R e |y u * e ' n
I the most unfavorable reports that reach you fmm.y
; region are hardly bad enough.” ' 11
Such are the accounts we have from this State
| we are forced to the conclusion that the prospects’ l!* ’
* year at this time, bad as they were, were not *
gloomy than they are now. Still every thino-
j on the future. Should the worm cease its" rara
and the weather prove favorable during the fall mom?
there is yet plenty of time for an average crop p
the Atlantic States, the accounts have been unfn,
ble tb-oughout the season. From Louisiana our
recounts are more favorable. The worm is repo?
cd as having ceased its work of destruction wiThrV
having done material injury, and the prospects V
good crop are quite promising. These are our V
counts and those interested can form their own on'*"'
ions from the facts presented.
I Cotton. —The Montgomery Journal of th e
3d inst. says: The total Cotton receipts at Mont,
gomery for the year ending September 1, 1847
a ‘ v 44,698 bales.
Total shipments 44,178 “
Stock on hand Sept. I, 1817, 520 “
This is far below our average receipts of the
l last six years. Although the Cotton of a much
more extensive scope of country now comes to
this market, it is a matter of much doubt, from
present appearances, whether tiie growing
crops will equal even those of last season, ft
is yet too early to estimate, with any certainty
the extent, or the deficiency of productionl-
This, howeyer, is certain, if dry weather does
not soon intervene to check the ravage* of the
boll worm, the destruction will be incalculable
The crop is later by several weeks than usual,
and the receipts up to this date will fall under a
dozen bales.
Prom South America*
By a barque from Buenos Ayres, news from
that city to the 30th of July has been received.
The only important item of intelligence is that
of the failure of the attempt to adjust the dif
ferences between the republic of Buenos Avres
and Uruguay. The negotiations were broken
off on the night of the 20th June, and the two
plenipotentiaries have demanded their pass
ports.
The effect of this news at Buenos Ayres was
very marked. Trade of all kinds was stopped
for the time. Os the causes of the failure not
ing definite was known:—it was attributed,
however, to the claims of Don Manuel Oribeto
be Governor, and to a point of conflict relative
to the navigation of the Uruguay.
From Honduras news has been received to
August 7th, the same arrival brings news from
Guatemala to July 16th. A commercial treaty
has been concluded between Great Britain and
the Central Republic. It is said to be based cm
reciprocity. Other treaties have also been con
cluded with Prussia and the Hanseatic cites of
Hamburg, Bremen and Lubec.
The Government have taken off a part of the
duties on owners of estates and agriculturists,
exacting only the Alcabala.
The Government have decreed that the ad
ministration of duties be empowered to gram
license to tow tobacco in Zacapa, on the banks
of the Motagua, in Esquipulas, Jucotau, and in
Gualan, for the purpose of encouraging this
branch of the public revenue.— N. Y. Courier
and Enquirer.
The Intercepted Dispatch.—The Union
pronounces the pretended letter, which first
appeared in the Mexican papers as an inter
cepted dispatch from our Government to Gen
eral Scott, a positive forgery. There is not a
fact stated which is true.
The French steamer Missouri left New \ork
on Tuesday afternoon for Cherbourg and
Havre.
In passing into the river she was carried
against a barge, causing some slight damage to
both vessels.
Her mail is very large :—about twenty thou
sand letters and six thousand papers.
During the year ending Ist August, 1847, the
number of steerage passengers arrived at the
port of New York was 152,116, during the
same period in 1846, the number was 91 ,280.
The amount of Treasury Notes outstanding
on the Ist inst., it is officially stated, wasfLv
808,439,31.
Gen. Taylor has been nominated for the Pres
idency at a meeting of the Democrats of Union j
County, Pa., at which the Hon. George Krc
mer presided.
Special Notices.
'Faxes I Taxes !—I will attend on Tuesday,
the 7th inst., at the Market-House ; on Wednesday,
the Bth inst., at the Eagle & Phoenix; on Thursday,
the 9th inst., at the U. S. Hotel ; and on Friday, the
10th inst., at Andres, Spears &• Wooten’s Warehouse,
to collect for the present year. Hours from 10 A. M.
to 1 o’clock, P. M.
s7 R. A. WATKINS, T. C. H. C.
J. A. S. Mill*gan will attend to tin
prod ice of MEDICINE AND SURGERY, In An
gust a and its vicinity.
Office in Metcalf’s Range, up stairs. En
trance one door below Mr. J. E. Marshall’s Drug
Store. an 18
H. P. Peery’s Vermifuge or Dead
Shot for Worms. —There is perhaps no disease
to which children are exposed so common and fatala»
Worms; tin; symptoms resemble those of almost ev
ery other complaint, and often produce the most
alarming ellects before they are suspected. Extract
from a letter recived from Dr. Wharton :
Newcastle , Va., Jan. 3 d, 1844.—Dear Sir—l ga«
a vial of the “ Dead Shot” you left with me ljrt |( ’
purpose of testing its merits, to a friend ol mine, w 10
introduced its use in his family by giving it to a p*
tienl selected as a suitable case. It was adnnmste
ed according to the directions around the vial, am ’
my astonishment, the first operation brought a " a )
about 35 worms. I have administered it in
other instances since, with similar good success, a
it will afford me much pleasure in doing ah in
power to recommend it to the notice of my nP
and the public generally. With respect yours,
Thos. J. Wharton.
Price 25 cents per vial. Prepared by Dr. H- •
Peery, and sold by A. B. & D. Sands, Druggist
Fulton-street, New York. Sold also by HavilA- >
Risley & Co., Augusta, and by Druggists genei
ly throughout the United States. s4-m» vv
JOB PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT
Railroad Bank Building, Broad-st»
JOB PRINTINGS
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, AND IN THE BEST 5T '
OF T.IE ART, PLAIN OH FANCY,
Neatly Executed at this
Business Cards, Hand Bi ,ai . „
Circulars, Posters Car d**
Warehouse Rccipts, Show Bills A
Bill He-ds, Checks, Pamphlets,
Drafts, Bonds, Blanks of all * l b j*
Notes of Hand, Ce ideates, h«be
&c. &c. Adc. Cpvti;
O* The Proprietors of ifie Chronicle » blk>
NELrespectfiully inform them patrons andthej
that they a e prcpai cd to ex cute their ord u
thing in t:eJo . P»'* -KO line, and J» -, h ,
as they fatter themselves, not surpasse , aa J
AU orders executed wuh
at prices as reasonable as at an r other e