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About Daily chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1837-1876 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1847)
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL. BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. JAMES M. SM’i THE) Associate Editor DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY & WEEKLY. OFFICE IN RAH. ROAD BANK BUILDING. TRRMS —Daily Paper, per annum, in advance-*slo Tri-Weekly Paper, “ “ “ " *. 5 Weekly, (a mammoth aheesf) “ r •• 2 I ASH S Y STEM.—In no case will an order for the j - <per be attended to, unless accompanied with the money, and in every instancewhen the time for which any subscription may be paid, expires before the re ceipt of funds to renew the same, the paper will he discontinued. Depreciated funds received at value in this city. From the Savannah Republican. Chattanooga, Sept. 2, 3847. Messrs. Locke & Winter.— Gentlemen. — The Democratic candidate for Governor, Col. Towns, is canvassing the Northern counties of Georgia, upon the stump, “ eating, drinking and making merry.” I learn that on Friday last he gave the good people of Walker county a harangue at LaFayette, were a goodly num ber were congregated. The Colonel has, it seems, determined to take the State by storm. He is accompanied by the redoubtable “ Coon- Killer,” who occasionally renders the “Artful Dodger” “a little aid and comfort.” This is very much needed, and I have no doubt but Colonel Towns, from the bottom of his heart, feels some gratitude to his would-be rival. — Since the W hig triumph in Tennessee the at mosphere in this northern latitude has been too chilly for the Democratic candidate —hence he is active, energetic, and enterprising, in or der to keep up a regular arterial circulation.— He partook ofa barbacue the day he address ed the citizens of Walker. lam credibly in formed he met his match—match did Isay?— Over-match —in the person of Mr. Black of Walker and some other member of the bar of La Fayette, whose name has escaped my memo ry. Col, Towns said not a word about the extension of the Western & Atlantic Rail Road to this place in his speech. He was afterwards called upon to come up upon this question.— He rose, tried very hard to “dodge” again— and finally said he believed he entertained the same views upon the Railroad question that the Democratic candidate for Walker did. Mr. Black is then said to have risen and charged Col. Towns to his face with being opposed to the Road. Baid Col. Hardin had repeatedly declared himself against it Hardin is the Demo cratic candidate for the House, in Walker.— Hardin denied having said he was opposed to the Road. Black called one Col. Farris, a Democratic candidate for Senator, to prove his statement. Hardin had avowed himself against the Road. Farris refused to answer. Black said Hardin had repeatedly said he was opposed to the Road —and continued to charge Hardin and Col. Towns with being opposed to the State Road. The above is the avowal, all the avowal Col. Towns made, as I am told by a gentleman, who was at La Fayette in the even ing, after the discussion was over. Much ex citement prevailed ; and the impression of the Wings is. that Col. Towns neither did himself nor his cause any good, but rather an injury.— i tell you. gentlemen, I greatly fear Towns is riding double, on this Railroad question.— There is a man in the Cherokee country, whom I heard, from his own lips, asseverate that he never would vote for any man for Governor who would sanction any bill appropriating money to extend the State Road IVestof Cross Plains, now Dalton. This man has, since Towns has been up iiere, taken the field boldly for him, and has accompanied him on one occasion, to a large gathering of the people. Bewa eof the “little (Georgia) Magician,” the “ Artful Dodger,” ye men of the coast. I cannot foretell the result of this campaign —but one thing Ido know, that if the people of Georgia, my native State. Know their own interest, regard the honor, welfare and dignity of their State, they will yield their hearty, ready, and cordial support to Gen. Clinch, who is an honest man, a soldier, a patriot, possessing quadruple the ability and sound practical sense of his more artful, intriguing, electioneering, demagoguical opponent. Gentlemen, it is the first time the people of Georgia have had a candidate for the Chief Alagistracy of the State to take the stump, openly canvassing, practis ing both suggcstiofalsi and suppressio veri, in order to obtain ofiice —and this too in the midst of banquets, public dinners, and all sorts of lit tle tricks to catch votes —especially of the uu suspectingportionof our people. “Oh shame, where is thy blush ?” People of Georgia, has it come to this, that the man who asks your sutfrage for Governor, entertains so poor an opinion of your intelli gence, your honor, your regard for the purity and dignity of the Chief Magistracy of the Stale, as to expect to obtain your votes, and attain so that high otfice—by eating, and drinking, and political slang-whang. Such a man seeks noth ing less than office! office!! office!!?—the highest office within your gift, even though he may have prostituted its dignity and your hon or in the attainment of it. A Voter of Georgia. A New Mail Agent.— Much has been sung and said of the sagacity of the cauine species, and of the many useful servicesthey have been made to perform for man; but until lately we had never heard of any of them being pressed into tbeservice of the mail, and made to act as a sort of despatch post. This has been accom plished however, by a very respectable gentle man and farmer living on one of the many ri vers which empty into the Chesapeake Bay. This gentleman resittessome distance from any post town, and is fond of having the current news of the day, but for a long time he foumi it difficult to gratify his inclination in this r« . sped. He has, however, hit upon the foitrn v . ing expedient, by which he obtains his. desj?- es . A steamboat, which leaves our city several times during each week, passes along.th* river within about a mile of the shore on wfe ic h his residence is situated. As the boat p asses up the river he may be seen on, the Ua'jk with a noble Newfoundland dog at his, s ld e . At a given signal tho dog plunges into the water and makes his way rapidly to the, boat; as lie nears it a bladder, containing tb e daily papers of our city, is thrown out, whic' n the dog imme diately seizes, and with a faithfulness and dis patch which would serve as an example to many of the Government, niail agents, makes his way back to the shore and deposites hi s mail hag at his master’s f ee t. So well accus tomed has the dog become to this service that when the mail fails, and no bag is thrown to him Irom the boat, he shows ati evident disap pointment and unwillingness to return without it.— Baltimore American. A Phenomenon.— -An extract of a letter frona Vivonchoux, in one of the Departments of L ranee, which is published in a Paris Journal!, says: “A singular, not to say marvellous, phenom enon has attracted considerable attention in our community. A female about thirty years of age, who was, some time ago, attacked with epilepsy, suudenly fell into a state of insensi bility resembling a constant lethargy. It is nov/ three years since this took place, and during al I this time she has not made a. motion or mani fested a single desire. Sitting upon her bed with her mouth and eyes half open, and with -a livid countenance, she presents the appearance of a corpse to those who see her, yet her respir ation is continued. This singular state of ex istence, which has put a default on all the se crets of art, is sustained by a taste of syrup and water hourly.” It is estimated that there are iu Boston, orot ofa population of 120,000, at least 9000 chil dren, between the ages of 4 and 16, who do not attend Sabbath Schools. In New York the number of children thus situated is about 30,000. An effort is now being made by the Sunday School Association of New York to have every family in that city visited this month, with a view' of gathering into the various Sabbath Schools many of the children who are now deprived of their advantages. tfljronicle null Sentinel. \ i| ‘ AUGUSTA, G-A; MONDAY MORNING, SEPT. SO, 1847. FOR GOVERNOR; DUNCAN L. CLINCH, Os Camden. FOR SENATOR FROM RICHMOND AND COLUMBIA CO’S. ; ANDREW J. MILLER. FOR REPRESENTATIVES FROM RICHMOND COUNTY : CHARLES J. JENKINS. ALEXANDER C. WALKER. Opinions of Mr. JertV-rson and General Jackson. We have heretofore shown conclusively, that both of these distinguished men recommended, advocated and sustained protective tariffs. The Constitutionalist said a few days since, that they had leaned too generously to incidental protection. We showed that General Jackson was unqualifiedly for a downright protective tariff, for protection for itself. We showed that Mr. Jefferson was for the same thing, that he declared, that Congress should “keep in all things within the pale of our constitutional pow ers, in the same sentence in which he said that it was the duty of that body to ' protect l the man ufactures adapted to our circumstances,” and, that this protection was one of the “ land-marks ” to guide us. Iu the sentence immediately fol loiving, he said : “By continuing to make these cur rule of action, we shall endear to our countrymen the true princi ples of their constitution, and promote a union of senti ment and of action, equally auspicious to their happi ness and safety.” Our neighbor undertook to justify Mr. Jes person. He said : “In another, he (Mr. Jefferson,) discloses the real motive, which all admit will justify a temporary de parture from it, as a retaliatory measure.” To this we replied, that the high duties of ‘ foreign nations would not excuse Mr. J. for vi olating the constitution. Our neighbor answers us in bis paper of Friday as follows : “We have a short answer for this, and a few mere comments ‘of the same sort.’ “We have neverconsidered that the non intercourse laws , and the embargo laws of Mr. Jelferson’sadmin istration were either anti-deraooratic, or violameof the constitution. Those were retaliatory measures in self-defence. They were measures of protection. — But they were not designed for the especial benefit of salt, iron, calico or homespun manufacturers in this country. They were to protect the commercial rights of our country in which all classes were interested. — They were to protect our national flag from outrage, our commerce from depredations, and from unreason able restrictions, such as were imposed by the cele brated orders in Council, and the Berlin and Milan decrees. They were in short measures of defence, Free 'Prude and Sailor’s Rights. Admit all this to be true, and it does not touch the question at issue. The message to which we refer above, was sent to Congress in 1802. In that he proclaims the protection of domestic manufactures to he constitutional, and one of the land-marks to guide us. He recom mended their protection by placing duties (tax es) upon foreign goods brought into this conn try. We are perfectly aware that he urged Con gress to prohibit th» introduction of some British goods into this country in 1805, in con sequence of serious interruptions to American commerce by Great Britain. This recommendation was carried out by Congress. A bill was pasaod in the House prohibiting certain articles of British growth or manufacture on the 17th of M arch, 1805, and in the Senate, on the 15th of April thereafter.— But mark, this does not touch the question be tween the Constitutionalist and ourselves.— This law did not impose high duties upon those articles, it did not undertake to prohibit them in that way. It was simply an absolute prohibit’on to their introduction at all, and consequently did not come under the question of the power of Congress to impose high duties or not! — Again the Embargo Law, which was passed by both Houses of Congress during the month of December, 1807, was not a law to imp ose duties upon foreign goods. It was a law to p rohibit all American vessels from sailing to any foreign ports whatever. It prohibited the vessels of foreign powers from taking out cargoes from our ports. The object was to annoy Brutish com merce. We observe here, that tlie non-inter course law Was this embargo law. Our neigh bor appears to speak of them, as if they were separate and distinct laws. The effect of the emhmrgo law, was to prevent com raercial inter course with other nations, and he nice, was gen erally called the non-intercourse I aw. Our neighbor says they were* measures for protection. If they were, they were not tariff laws imposing duties of any k ini ior amount. — They did not raise a dollar of rct'enue. On the contrary, they destroyed revenue- It would be a very easy matter, if it were necessary to do so, to prove that they protected no interest in this country but that of the manufacturers, and were decidedly injurious to the great mass of the people. But that is foreign lo the issue in volved. Now note the dates of these several acts! — Mr. Jefferson recommended the protection of domestic manufactures by a tariff of duties in 1802. The prohibitory law', which had noth ing to do with the tariff, was recommended and passed in 1805, and the embargo law, which had nothing to do icith it also, was passed in 1807. It is clear, then, that Mr. Jefferson went for protection for its own sake. Our neighbor refers to the British Orders in Council and the Berlin and Milan Decrees. Napoleon having defeated the Prussians in November 1806, entered Berlin, their capital, in triumph. He issued the Berlin decree on the 21st of that month from the royal palace. The object was to injure Great Britain. That de cree declared the British Isles to be in a state ol blockade, and all neutral vessels going to oi l coming from them to be liable to capture. The British Government, byway of retalia tion. issued their Orders in Council, Nov. 11th, 1807. These prohibited all American trade to 1 any nation in Europe at war with England, oi whiich denied access to the British flag. Napoleon retorted, by issuing the Milan de crce on the 17lh of December, 1807. This de cree declared that any vessel which should sub mit lo be searched by a British man-of-war, oi '• visit British ports, or pay any impost to tin British Government, should be denationalized and liable to capture and confiscation. In con sequence of these acts, Mr. Jefferson recom mended, not the imposition of high duties under a tariff, but the Embargo law, the object of which we have already explained. We ask, then, if the answer of the Constitutionalist touches the point at issue 1 Does not the above exposition clearly show that it does not I Our neighbor must take another tack and seek relief in some thing else, than those memorable decrees, orders and Laws . They were great affairs in their day. But a Democratic Editor can’t find in them a refuge against the charge that Mr. Jefferson was a tariff protectionist! Our neighbor’s “few more comments of the same sort,” he must clearly perceive, can do him no good. He must find a few more of a different sort, or he’s a gone retailer of Jeffer sonian principles! Elections* Vermont. —The Whigs have carried both branches of the Legislature, which secures a Whig Governor, as there is no election by the people. Wisconsin. —The Whigs have elected their delegates to Congress by a majority of 800. Maine, as usual, has gone for the Demo crats. The official list of Interments in the City of New Orleans from 9, A. M. of Sunday 12lh, to Monday, the 13th of September, at the same hour, shows 51 iu all, of Tvhich 29 were of Yel low Fever. In the Lafayette cemetery, for the 48 hours ending Monday, the 13th, the interments from Yellow Fever, were 11. For the Chronicle and Sentinel. Contingent Fund. ‘A portion of the Whig press, by a comparison of the expenditures from this fund by Governor Mc- Donald and by Governor Crawford, has endeavored to prove that the latter was more economical than the former, and have thence deduced an argument in favor of a Whig successor to the present Executive. Their premises are fallacious, and consequently their conclusions are of the same character. It would be a sufficient answer to all this empty boasting to call up on the Whig press to designate a single item that Gov. McDonald expended from the contingent fund that was not unavoidable , and that has not met the ap probation of the Argus eyes of all men of all parties who have critically scrutinized his expenditures. We challenge the Whig press to adduce any such item.” The above is taken from the last Federal Union. There are, also, other editorials in the same number which serve but to display the editor's habitual recklessness. Why, he even presumes to deplore the unscrupulousness of the Whig press, and prate about its respectability! — Now, it is as natural for a vain man to stultify himself with false conceptions, as for a pea cock to suppose that people see nothing but his tail; because, when he sets up a false stand ard for himself, he destroys the focus of his judgment, and, consequently, views all things around him, through an improper medium. Why, has the editor forgotten that he is the same person who opened the present gubernatorial canvass, by comparing Gen. Clinch to the “oysters, lobsters, and other shell-fish of the sea-board ?” Lest his memory should be treacherous, I will venture to remind him, that such is the fact, and take the liberty of recom mending to his especial notice, the following appropriate invocation of Robert Burns: “O wad some power the giftie gie us, To see oursels as ithers see ns — It wad fra mony a blunder free us, And sad mishap.” But let us return to the above extract: The editor, in thus boldly touching the “ Contingent Fund,” places himself in a position, similar to that of the Bull, that attacked the Locomotive — he has shown more pluck than judgment; and his puny attempt to make folks believe that Gov. McDonald’s administration of the fi nances of the State, was governed by those rig id rules of economy and accountability, which have eminently distinguished Gov. Crawford’s administration, will be just about as successful as the attack of the foolish Bull upon the afore said Locomotive ! It were somewhat an ungracious task to dis play before the public eye, all the minute and incontrovertible evidences on record, to prove that the principles on which the affairs of the Executive Department have been conducted under Gov. Crawford, are totally different from those which seem to have governed Gov. Mc- Donald; yet there is no doubt, that a com parison might heinslituted in this respect which would compel even the stultified editor him self to be satisfied. I will recur to one fact, to show the incon sistency of the Federal Union point, and to show that the only object the editor ever seems to study is party effect. But like all am . bilious men without ability, he generally falls short of his mark, or entirely overshoots it. He rarely hits that “hair-drawn line” which se parates “ too early” from “too late.” Among its incessant endeavors to misrepre sent Gov. Crawford, the Union, some two years ago, opprobriously termed Gov. Craw ford, “the dime-saver.” The people of Georgia, evidently delighted with the epithet, very good naturedly answered, “better had it been for us, had we been blessed with more such “dime-savers.” Now the Union, I fancy, with all its habitual audacity, will hardly ven ture to accuse Gov. McDonald, with having been a “ dime-saver?” The experience of the people has given them to understand his char- acter in a very different light; they have been taught by their teachers of the Democratic 1 press, (and among them the Union.) that Gov. McDonald was the munificent lender of dollars 1 tothe people, with the Central Bank to back his liberality, and not a paltry “ dime-saver !” 1 But the editor challenges the Whig press to ’ adduce an item spent by Gov. McDonald from B the “ contingent fund that was not unavoidable ,” 8 j &c. Now it is not safe to dare a fellow when he’s half mad beforehand, and more for the purpose of stumping the editor than any other * r object, I will furnish him with just one item which, it seems to me, was not altogether “ un •" avoidable I now assert that Gov. McDonald, when he 0 was Governor, built him a “ pigeon roost” — r or, more politely, a “ dove-cote”—for which he paid out of the contingent fund, by Execu five warrant, some one hundred and fifty dollars >. of .the people’s money—and I dare the editor to )- deny it. , r Perhaps other items might be found which ie would not 14 meet the approbation of the Argui eyes of all men of all parties!” —although they might he glossed over by Democratic aristocracy. Baldwin.' Georgia Mounted Battalion. —Monday last the Georgia Mounted Battalion passed through our city on their way to the seat of war. The Battalion consists of 6 companies, about 500 men in all, likely to prove rough customers in a campaign. They were under command of Jas. S. Calhoun, who ranks as Colonel There is also a Battalion of Infantry now being completed at Columbus, four companies are already enrolled, and the fifth nearly filled up. The Georgia boys seem determined to have some share in the fighting. We liaye no doubt that they will not be found wanting when the hour of trial comes, and we hope they will come out of every fight with success, as we know they will with honor. —Montgomery Flag, 1 6th inst. Lusus Naturae. —We are indebted to Mr. Troup Maxwell, of this County, for a singular whim of Nature, a rain’s ear, from the tip of which portrudesa perfectly formed horn about one inch and a half in length. Its mate grew from the head, as a ram’s horn should : but poor Aries could show on t’other side, nothing but the diminutive cornicle we have mentioned —a minature copy of its fellow, and shooting, not from the head, but from the very extremity ol the ear. —Florida Sentinel, 14 th inst. Yankee Industry and Thrift. —The fol lowing facts are stated in the Bunker Hill Aurora: We were somewhat surprised the other day to learn that the children in the interior towns, who occupy their time in picking berries du ring the season of them, earn on an average, about one dollar per day, and the largest part of the money finds its way into the Saving Banks of the State. The women also frequently engage in this buisness, and we have heard of two cases of female industry and profit, in the town of Lincoln, which appeared to us to be worth mentioning, one woman did all the home-work for her family, and earned eight dollars per week in picking berries; and in the other case a woman and her daughter did all the work for the family, having several men to work upon the farm, took care of the dairy ol eightcows, and earned fifty dollars in one month j iu picking berries. We imagine these instances are not singular, and probably similar cases of industry and thrift may be found in almost every country town in the State, and they are illustrative of the people. Endowment of New York Colleges.—Ac cording to the report of the Comptroller of the State of New York, made to the Senate last February, Union College has received from the State $374,000 besides 5,500 acres ol land ; Co lumbia College $54,755, besides the botanic garden iu the city of New York, valued thirty years ago at $74,000 ; and Hamilton College $106,000. In 1838 an act was passed grant ing to the University of the City of New York and to Geneva College each an annuity of $6,- 000, and to Hamilton College, $3,000, all for five years and ‘until otherwise directed by law,’ which annuities have been paid until interrupt ed by the provsions of the new constitution. — Such appropriations show that the opponents of colleges, if any there are, have not controll ed the legislation of the State of New York.— Nat. hit. Ho ! the Cotton. —The steamer Magnolia arrived yesterday from Vicksburg with a car go of 1608 bales of cotton. This is a large cargo for so early a period of the season.— Picayune, Uth. The Legislature of Rhode Island having pledged a certain sum for the erection of a State lunatic Asylum, on condition that $70,000 be raised by private subscriptions. Miss Dix, the philanthropist, has setabout ; to raise the amount, and a few days ago procured the handsome do nation of $40,000 from an old and wealthy citi zen of Providence. M uviFicENT Liberality. —The New York j Herald says that as soon as the sufferings of the emigrants in the California mountains be came known to the officers and crew of the United States ship Savannah, then on the northwest coast, a subscription was entered in to for their relief, and the handsome sum of five hundred dollars contributed cheerfully.— Our tars are noble fellows, and deserve well of their country. More was subscribed, but the sailors could raise no more cash in that remote section of the world. Murder of Miss McCrea. —A correspon dent of the New York Evening Post, whom we take to be James Fennimore Cooper, writ ing from Fort Edwards, N. Y., gives some de tails relative to tiie murder ofthis lady, obtain ed from Mr. Nelson, new to us, and which go to destroy much of the romance which has al ways surrounded this episode in Revolutiona ry story : M iss McCrea was affianced to a Mr. Jones, with whom she had become acquainted in New Jersey, whence both families had emigrated and settled on the banks of the Hudson, a few miles below the point occupied by Fort Edward several years antecedent to the breaking out of the Revolution ; that on the occurrence of that event, the Jones’ espoused the royal cause and retired to Canada, and where the lover of Miss McCrea raised a company, and joined the army of Burgoyne. Upon the approach of the enemy, many of the inhabitants sought the shelter ofthe fort, and Miss McCrea was at the time an inmate at the house of a relative near the walls. Mr. Nelson, who had the sto ry from an eye-witness, says that on tiie morn ing of the murder, Miss McCrea was riding on horseoack upon the elevated plain, about eighty rods north of the fort, where she was shot from her horse by lurking savages, and that her body was found the next day in a ra vine near the spot, together with that of an A merican officer, who had headed a scouting par ty from the fort on the morning of the murder, and which was almost entirely cut off by the savages. Whether the unfortunate young la dy was riding out to join her intended husband, who was then attached to Frazer’s company, constituting Burgoyne’s advance, and which had penetrated almost to the fort, or for some other purpose, is purely conjectural. Her bo dy. however, together, with lhat of the young officer, was conveyed by the retreating Ameri cans—who were compelled by the vastly supe rior force of Burgoyne to evacuate the fort—to a spot about three miles below, and there inter red upon the banks of a small stream near the Hudson; so that it is not true, as itis common ly reported, she was slain in a dispute between the Indians appointed by her youthful lover to escort her to the British camp—nor that she was killed and buried beneath the old tree so often pointed out —although it is true that her body was found there, and the scene ofthe tra gedy was very near. The Magnetic Telegraph. —Mr. Shaw, the superintendent of the line between Charles ton and Petersburg, Va., states that the posts are all erected between the two points with the exception of about thirty miles ; that he has a strong force engaged, and will commence put ting on the wire the ensuing week ; and that 1 the line will be iu operation, and Charleston . placed in magnetic communication with New York, by the first of December next. — Sav. Rep., 18 th. Extra-line Teas, Sultana Raisins, 1 ALMONDS. N UTS, &c. 5 CHESTS CHOICE BLACK TEA, 10 half chests Young Hyson “ 10 “ best Gunpowder and Imperial do., * 5 boxes Sultana RAISINS, 2 bales soft-shell ALMONDS, 5 bags FILBERTS, BRAZIL, PECAN am 1 MADEIRA NUTS, for sale by B si I JOHN R. DOW. LATEST FROM EUROPE. ■ ARRIVAL ° F ™ E STEAMSHIP UNION. Eleven Days Later. From the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser, \6thinst. The French steamship Union, Capt. Herbert, arrived at the quarantine this morning at about half-past 11 o’clock, and was there detained on account of some s'ckness on board, which our marine news collector understood to be cases of small pox. The Union left Cherbourg on the 31st of August, and brings 70 cabin and 150 second cabin passengers. By this arrival we have Paris papers to the 30th of August, London letters from our cor- f respondent to the 28th and Liverpool to the ■ 27th of August. The London papers mention the failure of Castellain, Sons & Co., and Messrs. Woodley, of London; Lyon &. Finney, of Liverpool; A. Dickson & Co. of Belfast, and a house of old standing, whose liabilities are estimated at £40,000. Correspondence of the Commercial Advertiser. London, August 27, 1847. It is somewhat doubtful whether the Britannia, which is to leave Liverpool on the afternoon of the 4th, will arrive out as soon as the Union, which is to leave Havre on the morning of the 31st inst. Be that as it may, a few lines by the latter may not be amiss. , More Failures. —There have been several mer cantile failures in the corn trade, since the departure of the steamer of the 19th, but none that h?s caused so much excitement as that of the Governor of the Bank of England. You will see by the papers which you receive by the Union that there is great displea sure manifested at the present constitutional arrange - meat of the Bank, which permits merchantsin active business to be at the head of such an institution. It is said that a man who cannot govern his own affairs rightly should not be placed in the control of others. It is agreed on all sides that the Governor should be a man Jwho well understands mercantile affairs, but that he should be one not given to specula tion of any kind. It is required that a Governor of the Bank of England must own shares to the amount of X 30.000 to qualify him for the office. A new Go vernor has been chosen. On Monday the house of H. Castellian & Co. sus pended payment. To-day there has been another stoppage of a house of great respectability in the corn trade, for j£iso,ooo. The Standard of this evening says: — The accounts from Mark-lane this morning are of a most unfavorable description. Another house of re spectability in the corn trade has been obliged to sus pend payment. The liabilities are stated to be about j £ 150,000. The effect of this ure, in connection [ with the extreme pressure for money, has been to re- j duce the prices in Mark-lane from ss. to 10s. under ; last Monday’s quotations. The lower figure repre- ; sentsthe nominal quotation, but it is confidently stated that corn can be purchased for cash at 10s. under last Monday’s prices. The effect of this awful depression in the corn mar ket must be most serious. In addition to the numerous failures which have already occurred, others will al most certainly follow ; for it is hardly possible for the most prudent factor to escape from the consequences of the bankruptcy of those with whom he has been dealing. Little commiseration is felt by the general public for the disasters in Mark-lane ; but it v aid not be very difficult to show that the speculations which have turned out so unfortunately for the corn dealers were as legitimate as many which are considered per fectly regular, and which do not subject those whoen ter into them to any obloquy. It is currently reported that the directors ofthe Bank of England are about to make a reduction in their rates , of interest, and to make advaubes on Exchequer bills ; and other securities at five per cent. This would af ford immediate relief to almost every branch of trade ; for it must be remembered that the existit scarcity of money and want of banking accommodation arises in a great measure from want of confidence, which a reduction of the Bank’s rates would do much tore. ore. No alteration, however, was announced after tha meet ing of the court yesterday, and the rates for the pre sent remain unaltered. The harvest fe nearly gathered in almost every direction, and the accounts continue most cheering. I have no recollection of a sea son of such universal crops, and of such excel lent quality of grain. London, Monday morning, August 28th, 1847. —The packet ship Hibernia, which left Boston on the l(3th in the afternoon, arrived at Liverpool some time last night, and I have now before me the London Herald of this morning, containing two columns of extracts from the New York papers. The Hibernia had a run of only nine days from Halifax. I enclose you the latest Liverpool advices of cotton, &c. The Corn Trade —I have just left the count- { ing room of a large corn dealer. I was there informed that the times “ are awful.” Flour may be quoted at from 21s. to 255. and some very superior for immediate use will bring in small parcels26s. The very bestDantzic wheat, that ten days ago brought 60s. is now held at 50s. On Thursday 1500 barrels of prime Bal timore flour were offered for £ISOO, with charges that brought it to about 21s. Gd. It was relused at that price. Y esterday it was purchased at 245. exclusive of the charges on it, and retailed out in small parcels to the ba- 1 kers. By the return of the Gazette this evening, j Aug.27,the movement of the Bank of England for the week ending on the 21 si instant gives the following changes compared with the week I ending on the 14th inst: — In the department of issue the notes in cir- ' dilation had decreased £33,510., which had been produced by the decrease of £31,573, of gold coin or gold bullion, and of £1937, of sil ver bullion. On the debit side of the banking department the rest had increased £16,995, the public de posites had increased £472,538, the private or other deposites had decreased £582,855. and the seven-day and other bills had increased £10,334, making the total of the liabilities £32,865.383. On the credit side the Government securities exhibited no alteration; the other securities bad decreased £565,064, dhc notes bad increased £495,775, and the gold and silver coin had de creased £13,699, which squared the account. The bullion in both departments of the Bank had decreased from £9,286,827, to £9.239,618, being a difference of £47,°09. The paper in tetuai circulation, including the seven-day and other post bills, had decreas ed from £19,462,030, to £18,943,079, be'ng a difference of £518,951. Postage. —lt appears that the United States have increased the postage on papers passing ’ from the Boston steamers to Canada, in conse -1 quence ofwhich orders have been issued from the General Post Office here to add one hall penny in prepaying the papers from this coun -1 try to Canada. Steamboat Explosion. —This city was thrown ' 5 into a state of alarm about ten o’clock is mor ning by a report that one of the river earners J had blown up and that 150 persons were ei .er killed or wounded. As with all such reports, : it was soon ascertained that, although a dread * ful explosion had taken place, the injury done r was far less than first repor‘ Up to my present writing, the number dead is given at six and the wounded twelve. The boat iS named the Cricket, built of iron, with a . high pressure engine, or what is cailed “Oc tavius Smith’s patent.” s The boat was at the wharf near the Adelphi, e in the Strand, and had on board some 150 pa a sengers. The alter part of the boat was blown up, and most of the passengers who were on it that part of the boat were either blown into the n river or upon the wharf. The tide was fortu v nately well out, and many escaped by being ’. thrown upon the mud bottom, while o ers we e picked up by the numerous boats in the ■ vicinity. Ireland. I do not find much of general interest from Ireland. There have been several recent pi racies on the coast in attempting to rob corn laden vessels. A few days ago, one hundred and fi. y men in boats attempted to board a ves sel, but were driven off, with some killed and j others wounded. A trader was boarded off Achill-head, and while in the act of plundering, the Bteamer 1 Dasher came up, fired, killed one man and took five prisoners. France. Murder and Suicide. —Paris, for several davs past, has been m a state of great excitement, caused by the murder of the Duchess of Praslin, by her husband, an. the subsequent suicide of the Duke. I will give the details as briefly as possible. T e Duchess was a daughter of Marshal Se bas. ani, beautiful woman, mother of nine children, e eldest being the only one married, to a rich Piedmontese gentleman residing at Tu rin. The second daughter left Paris the day before the murder to join her grandfather, who was on a visit to Geneva. The others were at Paris. It appears that the governess, a very ac complished woman, had recently been dismis sed by the Duchess for sufficient cause, and had gone to reside in a large boarding school in Paris, as a teacher. The Duke and Duchess had been for some time at Havre, and returned the day previous to the murder. It is said that the Duke on his arrival at Paris called to see their late governess before he went to his own residence. This was known to the Duchess, and nigh words were the consequence in the evening. On the morning of the 18th inst., between 5 and 6 o’clock, the waiting maid was awakened by her lady’s bell, and inrtantly proceeded to her apartment, the door of which was locked from within. After calling, and receiving no answer, but hearing groans, she called other servants and broke open the door, and found the Duchess in the agonies of death, having received seven wounds, some from a poignard and some from other instruments. The alarm in the house soon brought the Duke into his wife’s apart ment (they had had separate apartments for some time,) and he threw himself on the dead body; but from his manner and other circum stances he was soon suspected by the officers of justice who had come in, and was not per mitted to depart, nor was any one allowed to leave the premises until the chief of the police had arrived. The Duke beinga peer of France and a member of the King’s household, it was a matter of doubt whether he could be sent to prison, but two police officers were kept in his chamber. On Saturday morning he was removed to a prison in the palace of Luxembourg, in sucha state of prostration that it was found necessary to carry him from his room to the carriage. This removal of the Duke to prison was order ed by the Chamber of Peers, which had been summoned immediately after the act of murder became known to the King. It is said that when it was announced at the Palace the Queen fainted, and was afterwards in hysterics for some time. Nothwithstanding it was generally supposed the Duke would make an attempt on his own life, he got possession of some drug which he swallowed; the fact was soon discov ered and methods were adopted to counteract the effects of the poison. These had the dash ed effect for a time, but the unfortunate man died on Tuesday the 24th. The death of the Duke relieves the Chamber of Peers of the painful trial that was to be brought before it; but the manner of his death has produced many severe remarks against those in authority. Indeed the Paris corres pondent. of the London Times says that it was the wish of some “high in authority” that the tragedy should thus end. Both the Duke and Duchess had large for tunes. The latter was a friend to the poor and distressed of every kind. Among the entries in her memorandum book are these —“One hundred francs given to Mrs. T. to assist in ob taining a substitute for her son ; 50f. sent to R., whose wife was recently confined.” The clergy men with whom she was acquainted were her almoners. The governess has been arrested ; a large correspondence with this woman has been found in a cabinet in the Duke’s partment. Four of the Paris journals, the Reforme, Ga zette de France, Union Monarchique and Cha rivari have been seized for having published some strong remarks upon the murder of the Duchess, and connected that event with the general corruption in France. In reference to the call for assistance by ring ing the bell, it must have been done after the murderer bad left the room. There must have been a great struggle between the Duchess and j the assassin, as she retained some hair in her i hand when first found by the servants. One I account says that the bell must have been rung vvh’le the Duke was completing his horrid pur pose and that the servant, perceiving that it was daylight, put on her clothes before answering the summons, thus enabling the murderer to es cape. Spain. The country is in a deplorable condition, with very little prospect of improvement. The King and Queen are still at variance, and|it is not fikely he will change his determination — Our last advices are to the 21st. Narvaez had been summoned to Madrid with a view ol i forming a new Cabinet. Italy. The latest accounts, up to the 17th, say that j the Austrians were pouring troops into the Pa i pal states. On the 15th a large corps passed I the Po. The occupation of Ferrara has produced a I strong sensation in Rome and other cities in Italy. Crowds assemble in the streets, and in the cases. Some were for proceeding to the res idence of the Austrian Minister and pulling I down the arms, but this was prevented by die I majority. In one evening more than six thou sand young men enrolled their names to start at a moment’s notice to oppose the Aus trians. I The following is thesecond protest ot the Cardinal Legate of Ferrara, alluded to in the I ast accounts from Bologna : “ Notwithstanding the protest which I addressed on the Bth inst. to Lieut. Marshall Count Auesperg, com i manding in the name of the emperor of Austria, the fortress and imperial troops, relative to Austrian pa- I trols going through the town, a protest which I consi- I dered it my duty to communicate to the superior go vernment, by whom it was approved of, as appears from a despatch received from the secretary of state, a military deputation came before me to-day at noon, . with an almost menacing aspect, and handed me a no tice written by the hand of the said Lieut. Marshall, declaring that a ‘ despatch from Milan of his Excel lency the general-in-chief Count Radetski, dated August 11, 1847, gave him a positive order to occupy the principal j >-t of that place, as well as the gates of i the city of Ferrara ; that being decided on in conform- L ity with the principles of military service, and in per fect accord with our undoubted right.” That occupy* h lion has been carried into execution this day at 1o- y clock, and as 1 consider this act to be a manifest vio ! lation of the sacred rights which his Holiness and ihe See possess over the city and province ol Ferrara, and I not being willing by my silence to in any way pre- U | judice those rights, I, in my quality of representative of the Holy See in the said city and province, do L hereby protest formally against the occupation which has just been effected. “ I declare it to be altogether illegal and arbitrary, and causing prejudice to the dominion and sovereign!) of the Holy See over its States. I protest with 1 much the more reason against this act, that it has been executed without any conduct, either upon the parte. | the government or of the inhabitants, laving serv p I as a motive for it, and because it took place in > ■ open day, when there were most persons abroad, Wll I public offence to the political government and to I, ‘- troops which were peaceably occupying the differen posts, and in fine in the mo-t menacing and abrup manner, so that there was scarcely time to give none of the said intention to the pontifical officers in culJl mand of these posts.” _ “ This is what his Eminence paotested in iiie 11U ’* H formal manner, ordering that the original of this P test be preserved in my registers, and that copies sent to the Secretary of State, to the Austrian ini i . |jj commander, and to this apostolic legation, in ptrp>- memorv of the fact. , n a “Ex - -le-’ read, and made public uy me, clear ‘ i intelligible vo’ e, at the chateau of ■|| in the presence erf the following creditabe wi I [Signed] “ Louis Cardinal-Ciaccib. Apostolic Legatee of the city and province of Ferrar It is reported that the French and Austria 1 ambassadors have manifested displeasure publication of the foregoing. . . or o- I P It is said that the King of feardmia b**' P* tested against the occupation of Ferrara oy
