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About Daily chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1837-1876 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 13, 1849)
the President of the United States, a call was made upon the Executive tor a copy of the in utriictions which had been given to the Amen !£?'commissioner*. He held in his hand the reply to that call, which he would now beg leave to read to the House. The President •ay*: 'Po the House of Representatives of the U. States: > lo answer to the resolution of the House of Repre sentatives of the 17th inst., requesting the President “ to communicate (if not inconsistent with the public interests) copies of all instructions given to the Hon. Ambrose H. Sevier and Nathan Clifford, commission ers appointed to conduct negotiations for the ratifica tion of the treaty lately concluded between the Uni ted States and the Republic of Mexico. ” I have to state that in my opinion it would be “ inconsistent with’the public interests” to give publicity to these instructions at the present time. I avail myself of this occasion to observe, that, as a general rule, applicable to all our important negotia tions with foreign powers, it could not fail to be pre judicial to the public interest to publish the instruc tions to our ministers until some time had elapsed af ter the conclusion of such negotiations. In the present case the object of the mission of our commissioners to Mexico has been accomplished. The treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States, has been ratified. The ratifications have been ex changed, and the treaty has been proclaimed as the supreme law of the land. No contingency occurred which made it either necessary or proper for our com missioners to enter upon any negotiations with the Mexican Government, farther than to urge upon that Government the ratification of the treaty in its amend ed form. JAMES K. POLK. Washington, July 28, 1848. Mr. Ashmun asked the date of the message. Mr. Stephens continued. It is dated Julv 28, 1848. * It would thus be seen that the Executive, up on this call, had refused to give to the House the instructions which had been given to these commissioners when they went upon their mis sion. He (Mr. S.) had not therefore accom panied the resolutions with the usual conditions. It was, as he had stated, unconditional. And if gentlemen desired to know the reason, it was this: if, when this call was made upon the Ex ecutive, it should not be responded to, it was his (Mr, S.’s) intention to move for a commit tee of inquiry, with power to send for persons and papers. The materiality of the information which was called for might be inferred from looking into a paper which he had now before him,and which purported lo be a copy of the original treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and by contrasting that with the treaty as it passed the Senate, and the guarantees and explanations made in the pa pers which had been read with the protocol.— Whether this, or the paper which purported to be the original treaty was authentic or not, he would not undertake to say. His resolution called for a correct copy of the treaty. He had good reason to believe that the paper he had before him was a capy of the original trea ty. The first guarantee in the protocol referred to an amendment of ihe Senate to the 9',h arti cle of the original treaty. He begged leave to call the attention of gentlemen to the words of the 9th article of the original treaty, ss he had it before him: “ The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid’ shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican Republic, conformably with what is slipu lated in the preceding article, shall be incorporated into the Union of the United States, and admitted as soon as possible, according to the principles of the Federal Constitution, to the enjoyment of all the rights of citizens of the United States, In the mean time, they shall be maintained and protected in the enjoyment of their liberty, their property, and the civil rights now vested in them according to the Mex ican laws. With respect to political rights, their con dition shall be on an equality with that of the inhab itants of other territories of the United States, and at least equally good as that of the inhabitants of Louisi ana and the Ploridas, when those provinces, by trans fer from the French Republic and the Crown ofSpain, became territories of the United States. “ The same most ample />u -anty shall be enjoyed by all ecclesiastics and religious corporations or com munities, as well in the discharge of the offices of their ministry as in the enjoyment of their property of every kind, whether individual or corporate. This guaran ty shall embrace all temples, houses and edifices ded icated to the Roman Catholic worship, as well as all property destined to its support, or to that of schools, hospitals, and other foundations for charitable or be neficent purposes. No property of this nature shall be considered as having become the property of the Ame rican Government, or as subject to be by it disposed of, or diverted to other uses. “ Finally, the relations and communication between the Catholics living in the territories aforesaid, and their respective ecclesiastical authorities, shall be open, free and exempt from all hindrance whatever, even although such autho-’ties should reside within the limits of the Mexican Republic, as defined by this treaty ; and this freedom shall continue, so long as a new demarkation of ecclesiastical districts shall not have been made, conformably with the laws of the Roman Catholic church.” That article (Mr. S. continued) was stricken out by the Senate, and in lieu of it the follow ing was inserted; “ The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid, shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican Republic, conformably with what is stipu lated in the preceding article, shall be incorporated into the Union ol the United States, and be admitted at the proper time, (to be judged of by the Congress of the United States,) to the enjoyment of all the rights of citizens of the United States, according to the prin ciples of the constitution ; and in the mean time, shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion, without restriction. ” He did not (he proceeded to remark) intend to say whether this, as a matter of fact, was or was not true; whether this 9th article of the treaty, as ratified by ihe Senate, was substan tially the same as the original article agreed upon by the Mexicans; but he did intend to say that the Chief Executive of the Union, un der the Constitution of this country, had no right—no power—no authority—either by him self or by his agent, to say to another Govern ment what the American Senate intended. The language of the protocol is : “ That the American Government, by suppressing the 9th article of the treaty of Guadalupe, and sub stituting the third article of the treaty of Louisiana, did not intend to diminish in any way what was a greed upon by the aforesaid article ninth in favor of the inhabitants of the territories ceded by Mexico.— Its undemanding is, that all of that agreement is con tained in the third article of the treaty of Louisiana. In concequence, all the privileges and guarantees, civil, political and religious, which would have been possessed by the inhabitants of the ceded territories, if the ninth article of the treaty had been retained, will be enjoyed by them, without any difference, un der the article which has been substituted. ” How could these commissioners, unless the Senate empowered them to do so, say what they intended ? It was immaterial to him on this point whether the Senate did barely mean a matter of form, and not a matter of substance, as to the guarantees given to the Mexican Go vernment. The President had not the right to send a special agent to declare that what the Senate did was intentionally a matter of form, and not a matter of substance. He had before him the votes of the Senate on this very question. On striking out the latter clause of the ninth article of the original treaty, on the question, “ Shall these words stand as a part of ihe ninth article V* the vote stood : Yeas 18, nays 29. He found the name of one of these commissioners—of whom he did not in tend to speak with any disrespect—recorded in favor of retaining these words. He was one of the eighteen. He (Mr. S.) found twenty-nine other Senators voting that these words should not stand. How could the Executive or his agent undertake to say, that these Senators who voted that the words should not stand, did not intend to diminish in any way the rights guar antied to the inhabitants of the Territory ? h might be that they did not. But the American Senate, under the Constitution of the country, could alone declare to the world what they intended by striking out these words. Again: upon a vote to strike out the other words of the same article, he found the vote in favor of the original words standing sixteen to thirty-one against them; that was to say, the first words of the article he had j ust read. And he found the name of the same Senator who was subsequently one of those commissioners ! recorded in favor of these words, remaining as part and parcel of the treaty, against thirty one who voted against the words so remaining.— He repeated, that the Executive had no right to say what the Senate of the United States inten ded—whether they thought that the article sub stituted was equivalent to the one stricken out. Again: the second amendment was in the tenth section of the treaty. What that section was in the original treaty he was led to infer from the same source-—that was to say, the pa per purporting!© be a copy of the treaty which was before him. It was in these words: “ All grants of land made by the Mexican Government, or by the competent authorities, in territories previously appertaining to Mexico, and remaining for the future within the limits of the United States, shall be respected as valid, to the same extent that the same grants would be valid if the said territories had remained within the limits of Mexico. But the grantees of lands in Texas, put in possession thereof, who, by reason of the circumstances of the country, since the beginning of the troubles between Texas and the Mexican Government, may have been prevented from fulnling all the conditions of their grants, shall be under the obligation to fulfil the said conditions within the periods limited in this same, re spectively ; such periods to be now counted from the date of the exchange of ratifications of this treaty; in default of which, the said grants shall not be obliga tory upon the State of Texas, in virtue of the stipula tions contained in this article. “ The foregoing stipulation in regard to grantees of land in Texas is extended to all grantees of land in the territories aforesaid, elsewhere than in Texas, put in possession under such grants; and, in default of the fulfilment of the conditions of any such grant, within the new period, which, as is above stipulated, begins with the day of the exchange of ratifications of this treaty, the same shall be null and void. ,c The Mexican Government declares that no grant whatever of lands in Texas has been made since the second day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six; and that no grant whatever of lands, in any of the territories aforesaid, has been made since the thirteenth day of May, one thousand eight hun dred and forty-six. ” This article of the treaty, (Mr. S. proceeded to remark,) as finally ratified by the Senate, was entirely stricken out. He found in this protocol a guarantee relating to it, which was in the following words: “ Conformably to the law of the United States, le gitimate titles to every description of property, per sonal and real, existing in the ceded territories, are those which were legitimate titles under the Mexican law in California and New Mexico up to the 13th of May, 1846, and in Texas up to the 2d of March, 1836.” If (continued Mr. S.) I understand this guar antee, it amounts to this, and to this only—that the honor and faith of this nation are pledged to make good all these titles to land in Texas that were good according to Mexican laws be fore the 2d of March, 1836. I do not know much of the character of these grants, but I know what the President of the United States said about them in his message communicating the treaty to the Senate. I-will read that por tion of the message to the House, and I will read what Mr. Buchanan said on the same point. The President held this language: "To the tenth article ofthe treaty there are serious objections, and no instructions given to Mr. Trist con templated or authorized its insertion. The public lands within the limits of Texas, belong to that State, and this Government has no power to dispose of them, or to change the conditions of grants already made. All valid titles to land within the other terri tories ceded to the United States will remain unaffec ted by the change of sovereignty ; and I therefore submit that this article should not be ratified as a part of the treaty.” And (said Mr. S.) I think this is the correct principle. If Texas had confiscated these lands, and had granted them to her own citizens, the Government of the United States had no right, by treaty or otherwise, to render the titles to them valid. Mr. Buchanan used the following language: “ To resuscitate such grants, and to allow the gran tees the same period after the exchange of the ratifica tions of this treaty, to which they were originally entitled, for the purpose of performing the conditions on which these grants had been made, even if this could be accomplished by the power of the Govern ment ol the United States, would work manifold injus tice. “ These Mexican grants, it is understood, cover nearly the whole seacoast and a large portion of the interior of Texas. They embrace thriving villages and a great number of cultivated farms, the proprie tors of which have acquired them honestly by pur chase from the State of Texas. These proprietors are now dwelling in peace and security. To revive dead titles, and suffer the inhabitants of Texas to be ejected under them from their p: sessions, would be an act of flagrant injustice, if not wanton cruelty. Fortunate ly, this Government possesses no power to adopt such a proceeding.” The protocol (continued Mr. S.) purports to give an assurance to the Mexican Government that all the grants of lane! in Texas which were good on the 2d ofMarch, 1836, should be good, and would be acknowledged by the American Government, notwithstanding such appropria tion, or confiscation, or sequestration by Texas. Now, (continued Mr. 5.,) what I mean to assert is, that the President has not the power thus to bind us by treaty, although he himself might secrete, and hide, and keep dark his in structions, so as to keep them from Congress, and then proclaim a treaty, thus obtained by fraud, as the supreme law of the land, which we are bound to obey. I say he had no power to do it, and I shall never recognize it. Hence the House will see the importance of this inqui ry, and will see how far the honor of this nation may be implicated by this nefarious transac tion. The last material point to which I will call the attention of the House, is the third guaran tee given in this protocol. It is in the follow ing words: “ 3d. The Government of the United States, by suppressing the concluding paragraph of article twelfth of the treaty, did not intend to deprive the Mexican Republic of the free and unrestrained facul ty of ceding, conveying, or transferring, at any time, (as it may judge best,) the sum of twelve millions of dollars, which the said Government of the United States is to deliver in the places designated by the amended article.” Now. I call the attention of the House to the concluding words of the twelfth article of the treaty, which are as follows: " Certificates in proper form for the said instalments re3pectively, in such sums as shall be desired by the Mexican Government, and transferable by it, shall be delivered to the said Government by that of the United States.” It will thus be seen, (continued Mr. 5.,) that under the twelfth article of the original treaty, it was stipulated that certificates for instalments of the twelve millions of dollars should be given, and should be made transferable. The Senate of the United States had struck it out. The American commissioners, in this protocol, had undertaken to say, that by so doing, the Government of the United States did not intend to deprive Mexico of the power of transferring, conveying, or assigning the debt of the United States. Now, I raise the same question on this point that I raise upon all others. The American Senate, after full investigation, did solemnly strike out that clause of the twelfth article; and, to my mind there was abundantly good reason for doing so. By issuing stock transferable, the Mexican Government could throw it into market, and thus raise money to carry on the war. I believe that the American Senate did strike out the clause for that very reason.— They intended, by striking out, to hold the Mexicans in bonds to keep the peace. But the American commissioner? have stated that this amendment did not thus intend to deprive the Mexican Government of the power of trans ferring the claim. From what I have said, the House will judge of the importance of procuring the information I have called for. How far this protocol, if it is in existence, (as I believe it is, although sup pressed as it has been)—how far it may invali date this treaty, I do not now intend to express an opinion. I might detain the House with other comments upon the treaty and the many singularities attending it. But I shall abstain. I shall express my opinion on the proper occa sion. But whether this protocol invalidates the treaty or not, I am prepared to stal3 here that the President has assumed a power which he does not possess by the Constitution of the United States, in empowering any man to speak for the Senate; and I consider it as nothing short of a downright insult to the Senate. He had no right tosend any secret or public agent except such as was authoriaed by the Senate ; and I take this opportunity to renew the opin ion which I expressed the other day upon this subject, and which I shall upon all proper occa sions repeat, that I do not recognize this treaty as binding upon me “ as the supreme law of the land, ’ to use the language employed by the President last summer. I do not recognize the principle that the President and Senate con ' jointly have a right to mane any treaty which ! imposes an obligation on the part of the repre -1 sentativesof the people -to appropriate money to carry out that treaty. If the President and Senate thought it conducive to the best interests of the country to have such a treaty, it was his duty to ask the representatives of the people— those who hold the purse-strings of the nation ; to make the appropriation first. But I shall abstain from farther remark on the subject to ! day. I trust I have said enough to show the importance of the information which the reso lution calls for, - ; CHRONICLE & SENTINEL. BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY &, WEEKLY 1— OFFICE IN RAIL ROAD BANK BUILDING, TRRMS—DaiIy Paper, perannum,in advance**slo Tri-Weekly Paper, “ “ !t »' .. 5 Weekly, (a mammoth sheet) “ <• ..2 CASH SYSTEM.—In nocase willan order forth? paper be attended to, unless accompanied with th? money, and in every instancewhen the time for which any subscription may be paid, expires before the re ceipt of suds to renew the same, the paper will he discontinued. Depreciated funds received atvaluein this city. AUGUSTA, G-A: TUESDAY MORNING, FEB. 13, 1849. I■■- - _ . Mr. Stephens’s Speech. The speech of this distinguished son of Georgia, on introducing his resolutions calling uponthe President for the Protocol, &c. which , we publish entire, will attract attention. He places the President and Mr. Buchanan in an unenviable condition, from which they will find it difficult to extricate themselves, in the estima tion of all impartial men. We shall publish at our earliest convenience, the President’s Mes sage in reply to the resolutions. Railroad to the Pacific* A large meeting has recently been held at the Capital of Ohio, at which Gov. Ford pre sided, to advance the magnificent scheme of Senator Benton to build a railroad from St. Louis to the Pacific. Among the resolutions adopted, the following are the most pertinent: Resolved , That the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans ought to be united by railroad, passing through the centre of the Union, intersecting the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, and thence across the N. W. Territories to California. Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting, the general government ought to aid in the construction of a railroad from Si. Louis, Mo. to California, by such donations of land or money as may enable a private company to accomplish this great work. Resolved , That it will be disastrous to the inter ests of the West to permit the construction of the Pa nama railroad, except on compromise, securing the building of the St. Louis and California railroad. Resolved , That this subject be earnestly commen ded to the immediate action of the Executive and the Legislature of Ohio, trusting that such steps may be taken as will protect the interests of our own State, and of the West generally. The city of Memphis is a more central start ing point than St. Louis. We trust that the citizens of the South, who are so deeply inter ested in our railroads, and commercial pros perity, will not devote all their attention to the consideration of mere abstractions, and thus permit the North to divert from all Southern seaports, all Southern railroads, riv rs and States, the benefits to accrue from being on the great thoroughfare, which is soon to connect the Eastern with the Western portion of this vast Republic. It should be borne ia mind that we have 1600 miles of seacoast on the Pa cific ; and that all Europe, as well as the United States, is pouring into this most inviting field for enterprise, its hardy emigrants. Few peo ple in this quarter are aware of the commerce that already exists on the western coast of North America. Russian America, the only part of our conti nent held by the Sclavonic race, has to our re public been almost an unknown land. Still an American is there, Mr. Moore, whosa em ployment is to instruct the natives born of Rus sian parents, how so build steam engines and steam vessels for that far distant coast. This steam voyaging will connect them with O/egon and thence by our new line with Panama, and thence again by the present existing line with Valparaiso in Chili. The western coast of America, both North and South, will then have a continuous line of steamers from near Behr ing’s Straits down to near Cape Horn, though the eastern coast of our continent has no such continuous line by steam. A voyager entering the port of Archangel, found there the following mercantile fleet. It speaks of life, of energy, and of the speed of civilization. 1. Helen,. ••• 350 tons. 10. Moryschold 80 tons. 2. Alexander- 300 “ 11. Quapak•• • §0 “ 3. Sitka 300 “ 12. Nicolas, steamer, 60 4. Bichat--- -200 “ horse power. 5. Const’ntine 200 •“ 13- Moore, steamer 7 5. Ochotsh... 150 1 “ horse power. 7. Chickahoff 150 “ 14 and 15. Two c:her 8. Polypheme 150 “ small steamers. 9. Prornysle,. 80 “ This is not only north of “fifty-four forty” but north of the British possessions on the Pa cific. Sir George Simpson, governor of the British province in that region, speaks of the establishment of Mr. Moore in terms of high commendation ; the entire work of an engine, the casting and forging, being admirably done. The climate of Russian Ameri.ca for its latitude, like Western Europe,—in both ca ses the prevailing westerly winds from the oceans temper the land. No pax tof the coast north of Oregon grows wheat, bu t potatoes and other garden vegetables are abundant, even to Cook’s Sound and Aleshka. Cattle thrive well. The forests are filled with game, and the waters swarm with fish, especially the salmon. That extremity of our continent is destined to support a considerable population, though their flour must come from Oregon. “New Archangel” says Sir George, “not withstanding its isolated position, is a very gay place. Much of the time of its inhabi tanta is de voted to festivityjballs and dinner’s run a perpet ual round, and are managed in a style which in this part of the world may be deemeri extrava gant.” Their Easter |Holidays are especially | full of life, and then our own ancient fashion of ] sporting colored eggs, delights the children of Sitka, —though the custom has travelled the i other way around the globe. No people in the world possess a constitu tion equal to the Russians, and when once their intellectual powers shall be developed, we may well be apprehensive that they will rise supe rior to any other nation the world has ever yet seen. Speaking of the sailors, Simpson says, “they are decidedly the stoutest body offellows I ever saw.” This, from a John Bull, is much.” Emigrants from the East and from the West have met on the Western border of North America; and what is a curious demonstration of the fact, is the difference between the two classes in naming all the days of the week. In travelling easterly around the world, the Rus sians have Sunday on the day that our emi grants in Oregon, going westward have Satur day. It is not easy to affirm correctly which party has gained or which has lost a day. Per " haps, if one man should travel half round the globe from London eastward, and another as far westward, it would be proper to say that one had gained and the other lost 12 hours ; so that between the two the difference would be 24. A serious dispute may some day arise be tween emigrants from the East, and those from the West, which party shall yield up its Sun day or Sabbath. If our hair splitting abstrac tionists were there, they would doubtless insist that the national compact should be dissolved, unless their extreme notions should be adopted and enforced. ✓ A railroad from Memphis to California is a tangible substance of great practical impor tance to the South. On the other hand, now when there is no law or proviso of Congress forbidding the holding of slaves in New Mexi co and California, no one thinks or talks of ta king slaves into either of those territories. As Mr. Walker says, Nature has rendered slave labor of far less value there than it is in the planting States on this side of the Rio Grande. Hence, as Mr. Polk says, “if left to the people of the slaveholding States themselves, it is ex tremely problematical if smvery would ever go there. No intelligent man believes that it would. The question then, as the President says, is an abstraction. It is a mere shadow. How long shall we of the South amuse our selves with idle moonbeams, while the North west is moving steadily forward in the moat gigantic strides of aggrandizement ? We do next to nothing to gain useful realities ; whilst we are ready to fight to the death for impossi bilities. We bury our ten talents in the earth: and then quarrel with the servant of one tal ent because he does not imitate our unworthy example. We contemn the wise maxim of Dr. Franklin : God helps those that help them selves.” Wilmington R ail Road. —The North Caro lina Legislature has granted important relief to the Wilmingtonand Raleigh Rail Road Compa ny, by authorizing it to mortgage the Road to the amount of $620,000 for the purchase of iron to relay the track, and extending the time for the payment of the Company’s bonds to the State, 0f5300,000, to ten years. Charleston Railroad. —The meeting of a portion of the Stockholders, have suggested the following ticket for directors at the ensuing election : For President . —Capt. A. H. Bowman. For Directors. —James Adger, H. W. Conner, Robert Martin, Thos. Lehre, F. H, Elmore, Andrew Wallace, George A. Trenholm, William Gregg, Wade Hampton, Ker Boyce, John Boyce, W. C. Dukes, Rob’t. Caldwell. The committee left the 14th candidate open intending to fill it up previously to the annual election. Wilsou, the Vocalist. It will be seen by reference to the advertise ment, this distinguished vocalist will make his appearance before an Augusta audience, after an absence of nine years, on Monday evening next, when he will give an entertainment on the songs of Scotland, by which he has acquired suchahigfi reputation throughout Europe and America. A contemporary speaking of one of his Concerts, says : “He possesses a voice of surpassing sweetness and power, and never sang better than on the occasion re ferred to. His anecdotes of Scottish life, superstitions and history, were given with much character and taste, and delighted the audience, without exception. “My boy Tammie,” and “Allister McAllister,” and “Scot’s wha hae,” among others were loudly encored. “Love wakes and weeps,” one of Walter Scott’s beautiful ballads, was given with exquisite pathos and feeling and displayed to advantage the charming melody of Mr. Wilson’s voice. Miss Wilson presided at the piano forte. Her ap pearance is very modest and pretty, and she plays well. Guizot’s last Compliment to Washing ton. —The celebrated Minister of Louis Phil ippe has devoted his leisure moments to the composition of a work which he has recently published. It is a treatise on French democra cy. There is one passage as it appears in the English papers, which shows how truly he con tinues to estimate the character of Washington He formerly pronounced a splendid eulogium upon that distinguished man. We believe it was just before his beautiful portrait was drawn, which hangs up in and graces the Pa tent Office—and the following extract from Mr. G’s. last book,says the Washington Union , preserves the consistency of hia opinion upon the patriot-hero of America: “ Washington has no resemblance to Napoleon.— He was not a despot. He founded the political liberty at the same time as the national independence of his country. He used war only as a means to peace.— Raised to the Supreme power without ambition, he descended from it without regret, as soon as the safety of his country permitted. He is the model for all democratic chiefs. Now you have only to examine his life, his soul, his acts, his thoughts, his words ; you will not find a single mark of condescension, a sin gle moment of indulgence, for the favorite ideas of democracy. He constantly struggled —struggled even to weariness and sadness—against its exactions. No man was ever more profoundly imbued with the spirit of Government.or with respect for authority.— He never exceeded the rights of power, according to the laws of his country ; but he confirmed and main tained them, in principle as well as in practice, as firmly, as loftily, as he could have done in an old monarchical or aristocratical state. He was one of those who knew that it is no more possible to govern from below, in a republic than in a monarchy—in a democratic than in an aristocratic society.” Chloride, Zinc and Gypsum have been re cently applied with success to cancer, by Dr. Brooks, of Cheltenham, England. The remedy is applied thus: Take two parts of chloride of zinc and three of gypsum, and spread the powder over the surface of the sore, protecting the edges of the healthy skin with vinegar, and applying in a half an hour a soft poultice. Dr B. reports several cases of successful treat ment. The Telegraph. The reception yesterday afternoon at 3 o’- clock of our first Telegraphic despatch, and at 7 P. M. of our second, containing the Steam er’s news, is to us rather inexplicable, and is quite conclusive evidence of gross negligence somewhere on the line, which is abundantly confirmed by the fact that the news was receiv ed in Charleston Sunday night. The operator here informs us our first despatch was received direct from Fayetteville, which leaves no doubt that it occurred there or further north. We trust our attentive correspondent will in future mark the hour at which his dispatches are left at the office, and so date them. In consequence of an interruption yes terday evening of the Telegraphic communi cation with Savannah, we received no dispatch from that city last night. ISP’The Hon. Washington Hunt has been nominated fay a Whig caucus to fill the office of Comptroller in place of the Hon. Mr. Fill more, resigned. Colored Population in Ohio. —The last census of Ohio shows 15,005 colored people in the Southern division, and only 2,311 in the Northern or abolition portion of the State. Commenting on these facts the Cincinnati Ga zette remarks that : This would seem to show that, at least at that time, the terrors of kidnapping, the dread of being claimed as fugitives from Kentucky and Virginia, and other things of this sort, had nothing like so powerful an influence over the minds and locomotion of colored people, as the love of a warm climate, and heir natural proximity to the South.” Melancholy. — A few days ago the Mem phis Eagle announced the deaths of two bro thers, named English, of that city. The same paper, of a subsequent date, adds yet a sad item to this mournful history of domestic affliction in the following: “We are informed that the wife of the bro ther who last died went out and watched over the grave all the day subsequent to his burial, returned home, and the next day she, too, was dead. It is a singular and melancholy episode in life’s history.” Cost of Pauperism. —lt appears from the report of the New York Alms House, that the cost of supporting the city paupers is ten dollars a week each. The New York Posts suggests that they should be boarded at the Astor House, where they dtould be accommodated at about $7 per week. From the Charleston Mercury of yesterday. Arrival of tlie Isabel* The fine steamer Isabel, Capt. Rollins, left Havana at 5 o’clock on the afternoon of Thurs day, and reached her wharf in Charleslon at 9 o’clock in the morning of yesterday, complet ing the entire run from port to port in the as tonishing short time of fifty-five hours. As the Isabel was coming up to town, she met the Northerner within the Harbor, proceed ing to New York, and put on board tho latter vessel several passengers for that city. We learn by the steamer Isabel that the Quarantine Regulations, at Havana, have been greatly modified. This has been done princi pally through the strenuous exertions of Gen. Campbell, our able and efficient Consul at that port. We understand that it is expected that in a few days the Quarantine will be entirely dispensed with. Among the passengers on board the Isabel, from Havana, was Lieut. Joseph Lanman, of the U. S. Navy, Bearer of despatches from Cal ifornia to Washington, and Mr. J. V. R. Craw ford, son ofjas. T. Crawford, esq., the British Consul at Havana, having in charge the West India Mails, saved from the wreck of the steam er Forth. Both gentlemen left yesterday in the Wilmington Boat, the former for the seat of Government and the latter on his way North with the sealed Mails, according to the regula tions of the recent treaty. The Falcon from New York, was met going in as the Isabel was coming out. We are indebted to Commercial houses in this city for the following extracts of letters: “Havana, Feb. 6, 1849.— Interesting f News from California. —The U. S. Mail steamer Isth mus arrived here the day before yesterday from Chagres, which port she left on 26th January; and an officer who came in her, bearer of c spatchesto the United States Government,ful'y confirms the previous reports in regard to the abundance of gold in California, of which we understand he has specimens to take with him. The Pacific Mail steamer “ California” arrived on 18th January at Panama in 69 days, and would afford a regular means of conveyance to those regions of wealth, almost surpassing the tales of fiction; she would soon be joined by other steamers having the same object in view. The discovery of this new “ El Dorado” even though but a small part of what is reported should be realized, seems likely to exercise an important influence on trade and commerce, and perhaps on the interesting question of the Currency. One may safely say that its imme diate effect will be to stimulate the energies and resources of the United States, already pro gressing with such marvellous rapidity, and our Island may anticipate a share of the benefits, from an increased demand for our staples. “ Since our report of 26th January the sup plies of Sugar have continued restricted. There is an active inquiry, chiefly confined at present to Spain, and all that has come in has been readily purchased at advancing prices. “ As there is no doubt about the shortness of our crop, and that of the United States is like ly to be still more deficient than was at first an ticipated, we have good grounds to expect that our prices will rule high during the season. “Very little Muscovado Sugar has been brought to this market. A parcel of ordinary was placed at4| rials, “ Molasses is very firm at 2£ rials, at which rate purchases have been made, deliverable here and in the near out-ports, while even high er prices have been given in Matanzas and Cardenas. Several dealers are now asking more. “There is a fair inquiry for Coffee, but not much comes in. It sells at s4| a 5£ for mid dling to good, and at $6 for prime, which latter is very scarce.” The Steamer United States is said to have brought the most valuable cargo that ever crossed the Atlantic. The lower cabin was filled with merchandize. There were between three and four thousand packages of French goods on board,valued at between two and three million of francs (between 380 and 570,000 dollars). She left Halifax on the 2d inst. Her whole voyage out was a continued storm, and for 17 days she could not make 100 miles a day. On the 24th she encountered a tremend ous hurricane, and was in great danger, but fortunately she outrode it. Mr. Samuel L. Governeur, son-in law and executor of ex-President Monroe, has memo rialized Congress, to extend to him aid in the publication of the manuscript papers which Mr. Monroe left behind him. These papers, accumulated daring the long and eventful life of the ex-President, must be of immense value, as elucidating the history of the limes, and vin dicating the measures with which he and his illustrious associates were identified. Mr. Go veneur’s application is based upon the same considerations which induced Congress to ex tend similar aid to the representatives of Mr. Jefferson, Mr. Madison and Mr. Hamilton.— Mobile Register . Bb tl)e Magnetic ®elegrapl). Transmitted for the Chronicle & Sentinel* LATE R FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP NIAGARA. TWO WEEKS LATER INTELLIGENCE. Improvement in the Money Market in England. —Great Advance in American Se curities— Large sales of Cotton.—Great bat tle in India. — The British Victorious, Sfc. Our Baltimore correspondent yesterday fur nished us the following intelligence, in a dis patch from that city dated, Baltimore, Feb It, (Sunday) p. m. The steamship Niagara arrived at Boston this evening. In the Money market of England a decided improvement had taken place, end there had been a great advance in American securities, and large sales of cotton. The French Assembly had been dissolved. There had been a great battle in India be tween the British forces and natives, in which the English were successful. Liverpool Cotton Market. LIVERPOOL, Jan. 27. —The quotations are as follows: Pair Uplands and Mobiles 4fd., fair New Orleans 4|d. Com and Ftour more cheerful—Sales of bonded at 255. 6d. a 255. 9d. Provisions. —Prices tending downard. SECOND DESPATCH. Franck. —Boulean De La Mesth has been elected Vice-President of the Republic. A Steamer was fitting out at Toulon whose des tination was Brussels and Cherbourg, in anti cipation, i, wassupposed of the armed interven tion in behalf of the Pope. Paris was in an uneasy state and forty thousand muskets had been ordered. The Rod Republicans were said to be makingpreparations for an insurrection at Lyons. Charleston Market. Monday, Feb. 12, P. M. — Cotton. — Sales 3,000 bales, at extremes of 5| to 7c. Prices \ up. Further Particulars. We cull from the despatches of the Charles ton Courier and Mercury, the following: Business Matters. —The accounts from the manufacturing districts are satisfactory. At Manchester and the surrounding districts, great activity prevails, with an improved tone in commercial affairs. Iron active at advanced rates. There was also an improvement in public securities. Consols quoted at 91| to being an advance of 2| per cent, in London on the 26th. U. S. Sixes were selling at 104 to 105; Ohio 6’593; Louisiana s’s, 87 ; Maryland s’s 94 to 95; Missouri bonds 60. Political Affairs — France. —ln this country every thing was quiet, and the Government in a state of transition. M. Boulere de la Mesth has been elected Vice President. Extensive naval preparations are making, supposed to be for the purpose of intervention in the affairs of the Pope. Public opinion has changed in re ference to the policy of such a course. The state of the funds has opened the eyes of influ ential men, who are now opposed to France in termeddling with the affairs of Italy—that Franco should abstain from intervention for or against the Pope, and throw no obstacle in the way of such Powers as may offer him men and money. The Government has issued a decree, denouncing as enemies to the country all per sons deterred from voting for members of As sembly by the Pope’s protest. Ireland. —The Judges have decided against the writ of error in the cases of O’Brien, Mea gher and others, and an appeal to the House of Lords is now only left them; applicalionwas made to them to adopt this course, but they de clined, and expressed their determination to submit to their fate. England. —The British Government has de termined to meet the wishes of the people and curtail expenses, which has caused an advance in the funds. Italy. —The Holy Pope demands the interven tion of Austria to protect his Imperial power, but France and Sardinia strongly remonstrate against this intervention, as the Roman people have lost all reverence for the Pope, both spi ritually and mentally, and will turn with con tempt to the spiritual anathemas he has hurled against them. Prussia. —This country isqaiet. The Frank fort Assembly has decreed that the dignity of the Head of the Empire is given to the reign ing German Prince, thus opening a rivalry be tween Prussia and Germany for the Throne of Naples. Austria, whilst engaged in recovering her re bellious provinces, has another field of contro versy opened upon her by the rivalry of Prus sia. Windischgratz has been entirely successful. Denmark announces her intention to borrow seven millions of dollars. From the Charleston Mercury.—By Telegraph. LIVERPOOL, Jan 27. — Cotton. —The market freely supplied. Fair Upland quoted at 4f ; Mobile 4| ; Orleans 4|. The sales of the week closing on the 27th. amount to 15,000 bales —7,000 of which were taken on speculation. Corn is in moderate demand, at 28s 6d to 30s per qr. for inferior white to best yellow. Meal 15s.— Wheat in bond 6s 3d a 7s Id per bushel. Flour in bond, hot quality 265. Previsions. —Beef steady as per last advices and at stiffening prices. Pork and Bacon have declined 2s per cwt. Lard 3s to 3s 6d. Cheese steady and reduced stock. From Washington. The Senate, on Friday, was engaged all day in executive session. They confirmed Robert Desilver as Consul at Macao, and Charles Bradley for Canton. In the House same day, the bill establishing Commissioners on Claims was engrossed, and ordered to a third reading. Message of Presi dent and Documents about the Protocol re ceived, and the day was spent in debating a motion to print extra copies. On Saturday, the general Fortification bill was passed. In the Senate, on Saturday, the President’s message, explaining the Protocol, was read. Mr. Foote moved the printing of 20,000 copies, on which proposition there was a debate, but no conclusion arrived at. In the House, the Senate bill for the relief of David My artel was laid on the table. The Fortification Bill came up, and elicited a speech from Mr. Hilhard on the Territorial question. Baltimore, Feb. 10, 6p. m.—The Ohio Le gislature has repealed the Registry Law. The Senate refused to take up the bill providing for the call ol a Convention to form a new Con stitution. Sr Rail Read Accident. —The locomotive engine attaced to the passenger train, ran off the Rail Road track on Saturday last, about 6 miles from this city. Providentially ihe only injury done was the breaking of the leg of a mulatto fellow attached to the locomotive. It also knocked down one of the Telegraph Posts, causing the wire to lay on the ground, thereby slightly af fecting the operation of the Telegraph during Saturday evening, but it has since been re placed. — Ch. Cour.
