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About Daily chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1837-1876 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 22, 1849)
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL. BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. DAILY, TRI WEEKLY & WEEKLY OFFICE IX RAIL ROAD BARK BUILDING* TERMS—DaiIy Paper, per annum, in advance**slo Tri-Weekly Paper, “ “ “ u • • 5 Weekly, (a mammoth sheet) “ * • • 2 GASH SYSTEM. —In no case will an orderforthe paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money, and in every instancewhen thetime fcr which any subscription may be paid, expires before the re ceipt of suds to renew the same, the paper will he discontinued. Depreciated fundsreceived at value in this city. From the Charleston Courier, 21s« inst. Latest from the Pacific--Direct. The brig Henrico, Capt. Paine, arrived at this port yesterday, from Chagres, which port she left on the 31st ult. We are indebted to the polite attention of Capt. Phelps, a passen ger on board the Henrico, for the following in teresting information with regard to matters in California, and in the Pacific. Capt Phelps left San Francisco on the 12th September, San Diego on the Ist of October, and Valparaiso on the 30th December, at noon. The U. S. ship Independence, Com. Shu brick, was at Valparaiso when Capt. Phelps left, to sail in a few days for the United States, via Callao. Mr. Barton, the U. S. charge to Chili, was married at St. Jago about the 28th December, bv the Chaplain of the Independence, to a lady of the country. The Catholic Bishop refused his sanction to the nuptials on account of the Charge being a Protestant and the lady a Cath olic. After the marriage was performed by the Chaplain, the Bishop asserted that the Minister had a wife then living in the United States, whereupon the Minister addressed a note to the Bishop demanding an apology, with the threat that unless one was given within twenty four hours, it would become a National affair. The steamer California of Howland & As pinwallsiine, after having provided herself with coal and water, came to the inner anchorage at Panama on the 25th ult., to take on board her New York passengers. Much dissatisfaction existed among those who had engaged their passage in the boat at New York, on account of all not being able to obtain accomodations, the California having taken 60 or 70 passengers on board at Callao. Indignation meetingsliad been held in reference to this matter, which was considered a violation of contract, and there were fears that there would be trouble in settling the difficulty. The California was to have left Panama about the Ist inst., for San Francisco, with 350 pas sengers on board. It is stated that she will re alize $60,000 for the passage and freight charges. The American ship Philadelphia, a British barque, and a small schooner, had been taken up at Panama, by passengers at that place, to proceed to California, all of which would go full. It was believed that the steamer, a;?d the vessels above enumerated, would not leave more than 200 at Panama, including those on their way to that place from Chagres, but there was no vessel at the former port to take them when Capt. Phelps left. There has been some cases of Cholera at Panama, on the road between Chagres and that place, and at Cruces, but the disease had not prevailed to any alarming extent. In consequence of the scarcity of mules, and the worn out condition of those in use, most of the merchandize and baggage required to be transported across the Isthmus, was conveyed on the backs of the natives, who, taking advan tage of the state of things, were charging enor mous prices. Many of the emigrants were crossing on foot, and some carrying their trunks and baggage on their backs. A number had died from fatigue and exhaustion, and many others were taken sick on the road. The honesty of the natives is proverbial.— On the arrival of passengers at Gorgona and Cruces, the custom is forthe natives to engage for the transportation of all the merchandize and baggage they can lay their hands on, the own ers of which proceed on to Panama, expecting their goods will be there on the Allowing day\ The carriers, however, calculate otherwise.— They deposits their freight just without the vil lages in piles in the woods, and take them across to Panama promiscuously and at their leisure, but they all arrive safe eventually.— Bales, boxes, trunks and packages of specie are thus left to the mercy of the poor half naked natives, and a robbery by them has never been known. The agent of the California r~u S3OOO for the transportation of 142 packages from Chagres to Panama. Passengers r o*- California by the Isthmus of Panama sho not leave the United States unless they are cei tain of meeting a vessel at Panama to proceed on board of immediately on their arrival there, otherwise they may find themselves out of funds and a long way from the Gold Digging Region. The risk from sickness by being de layed on the road is also a serious considera tion. Board at Panama is $3 per day, and other expenses in proportion. These demands on the purses of the emigrants being much larger than they had provided for, many modes of raising the wind are adopted. Among other contrivances, exhibitions are made of various kinds, and one of a sparring match was adver tised to* come off on the 25th December. Wc would suppose that this display would be well attended as the ‘art of self-defence,’ will be very important to those who have to buffet - their way through the mixed population of that newly settled country. The Br. Royal Mail steamer Trent, arrived at Chagres on the 29th January, and left again the same day, taking in at Chagres one and a half millions in specie. The Yellow Fever broke out on board the Trent, shortly after she left Kingston ; and previous to her arrival at Chagres, 7 persons had died, and 17 other cases were reported on board, in consequence of which most of the passengers from Peru and Chili by the Br. Pacific steamer declined going on board the Trent; preferring to charter a ves sel at Chagres for this port, and consequently engaged the Henrietta to bring them here. The schr. Sovereign, with passengers from Baltimore, arrived at Chagres on the 30th—all well. The schr. anchored in the river, and all hands, passengers, captain and crew, started the next day far Panama. The bark Florida, from N, Orleans, with 78 passengers on board, arrived on the 30th and anchored outside, subject to 30 days quarantine, although there was no sickness on board. H. B. M. surveying ship Herald, and brig Pandora were at Panama. The Herald had been to the north to endeavor to gain intelli gence of Sir John Franklin, but returned without hearing anything of him. The Henrico brings no gold on freight.— Capt. Phelps showed us somespecimens wear ing the form in which ihey were taken from the earth. Their appearance is similar to that of gold poured from a crucible in an irregular surface, and apparently, quite pure. From the accounts given in the letter wLich follows, it would appear that Capt. P. took the surest course to insure a reasonable quantity of the precious metal, by trading with those who disembowelled it from the earth. We learn from Capt. P. that there is very little difficulty in getting across from Panama to Chagres, but in returning there is much to be encountered, and many are seen along the road, too much exhausted, and fatigued to make further progress. Capt. Phelps informs us that he was quite familiar fi#b the country about the gold region, j on «r before it was known that it contained in its bosom the rich metal, which is taken from it in such profusion. Nine years ago. when at tubed to the ship Alert, of Bo.ton. ho went up the Sacramento river in a boat, and we. the fi j.t man that ever flouted an American flag bank- He war .1.0 frequently in that Region When Col. Fremont wae there with hi. Corps of Engineers, and often encamped with them, He then little dreamed that they were treading over such a vast body of the precious metal, nor does he imagine that any one in the expedition had an inkling of it, unless it was that Col. Fremont himself, whose searching mind might have made some discoveries that induced him to return to that country recently. The Henrico, by which the above intelli gence was received, is to return to Chagres, and passengers for that place will have an op portunity of availing themselves of the knowl edge of an experienced commander. The following are extracts from a private let ter received in Charleston: “ Capt. Phelps has with him 127 pounds of gold, which is worth in this market S3OO per lb. or $38,100, all of which he dug and made by trade in six months, and many others have done as well. He takes this with him to the United States. “ December 28. —A part of this Continent is in a civil war. Bolivia (or upper Peru) is iu commotion and revolution —Chili is quiet, though not contented. Our commerce is daily falling off, owing to the Peru vian government opening the ports to free commerce and the California perts being open. “We have had the American steamer California here in 44£ running days, or days at sea. She is a first rate vessel and works well, no accident of any kind on the passage. If there is any fault, her en gine is too light to propel against the strong winds on the coast of California. She will meet with some de tention and trouble in her first commencement, but after affairs are regulated the company will make money. The British line of steamers on this coast, between this and Panama, are doing a great business. The last steamer brought to Valparaiso 125 passen gers and $380,000, besides freight; and there are averaging monthly 100 passengers and $300,000 in specie. The average of passage money from this port to Panama is SBO, and freight of specie 1J per cent. I hope some of our enterprising merchants at home will connect a line to the California to run South to this port —it would be adding great profits to their outfits. “ The gold fever is raging all along this coast—all our best mechanics and young men are leaving for California. The Sandwich Islands are quite deserted of all classes.” €l)tonicle unit Sentinel. AUGUSTA, GA: THURSDAY MORNING FEB. 88, 1849. Factions and Factionists. To a calm, discriminating mind, few subjects present a more interesting, or a more instruc tive study than that of factions and factionists They exist alike under all forms of govern ment; although they seem to flourish mest where free scope is given to personal enter prise and bold, vehement ambition. Our re publican system, our numerous Slates, and our vast extent of territory, offer every inducement to aspiring men to make an effort, and distin guish themselves, if possible, among their fel low citizens. It is obvious that every member of society can not be famous. A community must have at least a few quiet admirers, else there would be nothing to distinguish persons of distinction ; in other words, their much coveted distinction would become extinct in a common level.— Nothing is more disagreeable to a mind of or dinary susceptibilities than political disappoint ment or the conscious loss of fame. Few can endure its pangs with composure. If by some indiscretion they have lost their standing in a powerful party, or have failed to attain that dis tinction in it which they fondly hoped to reach, the organization of a faction is their next resort to achieve consequence, and escape from a most nuhappy insignificance. These factions serve little other useful purpose than to assuage the pain which distresses disappointed ambition. In this regard they act as a cordial to wounded pride, and cause it to forget for a time those defects in judgment, and the want of common sense, which mislead and ruin so many would be leaders. This class of men must have pop ular excitement ; and if it can not be reached in one way, they will try all others in rapid suc cession, till they succeed in raising at least a tempest in a tea-pot, if not a breeze on a larger scale. What are the elements in society at the dis posal of factionists, by the use of which they at .uire a little dearly-bought notoriety 7 Un fortunately, the raw material for the manufac ture of factions is too abundant in every quar ter of the Union. Nine-tenths of these in the United States are nourished and sustained by incessant appeals to local prejudices and a shameless imposition on popular credulity.— Northern factionists have displayed a degree of zeal, energy and perseverance in the work of studied misrepresentation of the South, in its social and domestic peculiarities, which trans cends all belief, unless one has seen for himself the things so grossly belied, and witnessed the labors of these canting politicians. Untiring and great as were their efforts to foment anti-slavery prejudices and excitement, during the recent Presidential canvass, these factionists signally failed to persuade a majority of Northern citi zens that it was best not to vote for a large slaveholder, to fill the chief office in the Repub lic. This popular rebuke of faction was op portune, and should not be forgotten. In no other State in the Union is there so much abolition feeling as in Ohio. That State had been Whig by a large majority ; but true to its anti-slavery instincts, it refused to vote for Gen. Taylor, and supported a candidate who had long prayed with the Abolitionists of the North, for the abolition of slavery every where. But the anti-slaverymen of Ohio, the Abo litionists of Massachusetts and the Cass men of South Carolina tried in vain to keep a South ern Planter out of the Presidential Chair. Al though defeated, these sectional politicians still cherish their love of notoriety. Mr. Calhoun succeeded in persuading about one-third of the delegates in Congress from the slaveholding States to append their names to his rehearsal of matters and things which had been told as well before, by himself and others, at least a thousand times. The address was not signed, however, as it came from the pen of the unhap py author. It had to be modified, and molli fied in many respects, before even Southern Democrats would take a step so well calcula ted to produce unnecessary agitation ; and to embarrass the adjustment of a territorial dis pute of their own creating. This address— the child of faction—has fallen still born. The most skilful nursing has not elicited any hope ful evidences of vitality. What next will the factionists attempt, to keep themselves before ,‘the dear people,” whose peculiar servants they are 7 In the absence of all popular ex citement, how are the organs of faction to lire 7 It would be cruel to deey these self-appointed champions of all the patriotism extant, they be ing judges, the free use of their darling hobby. They must have something to ride ; for they were not born to walk as other people do through life, Grant them all they ask to day, and to-morrow they will be agitating, with re newed zeal and hope, for something still be yond. Men whose “blood”is ever “ boiling” under the full pressure of an impending “crisis,” can no more be quiet than a steam boiler at the instant of its explosion. On some accounts, crisis-mongers are a me ritorious class of people. They draw out fac tious characters from all sober-minded political parties; and by making them stand alone by themselves, render them quite harmless. It would be difficult to maintain the integrity of our Government, and prevent civil and servile war, if there was not in force a natural law which serves everywhere to isolate hot-headed propagandises from the cool-headed majority. This alone enables the latter to enjoy in peace and quietude their own views and institutions withoutcollision, and without blood-hed. The more intelligent the American people become, the less disposed will they be to follow the lead of fanatics. Factions will always exist: for the seeds of faction seem to be planted in hu man nature. But like the seeds of noxious weeds, they can be kept from doing much harm. Mr. Polk’s Treachery to the South. The following exposure of Mr. Polk’s treachery to the South was made in the House on the 17th instant, in committee of the whole, on the bill to carry into effect the 12th article of the Mexican treaty. We have on several occasions alluded to his treacherous intercourse with Mr. Wilmot, and we now have the de clarations of Mr. Wilmot himself, which we commend to the consideration of our readers ; Mr. Buckner, of Kentucky, being entitled to the floor, addressed the Committee at length, in opposi tion to the extension of Slavery to the territory now free. Mr. Stephens followed, on the “protocol,” denying the right of the President and Senate to make any such treaty looking to an appropriation by the House to carry into effect its provisions ; contending further that the article of the amended treaty is in conflict with the explanations of the protocol, and declaring that he would not vote for the appropriation until the questions growing out of the war with Mexico were satisfactorily adjusted. He alluded to conversations had by a gentleman from Pa.—Mr. Wilmot—when the $3,000,000 billl was first before Congress, in re ference to the Wilmot proviso, at which it had been stated by the President that he was not in favor of ex tending the area of slavery. And he then proceeded to argue that the President had cheated his friends and the people throughout his administration, and he be lieved that he had intended also to cheat the people of the South. Mr. Lahm followed, on the constitutional aspects of the slavery question, and of course in opposition to any extension. He took up the address of the Southern Convention, and denied its statements against the North, which he assumed to have been chiefly direct ed against Ohio, and attacks upon the compromises of the constitution. Mr. Wilmot made a statement in reference to a part of Mr. Stephens’ remarks, which he had not heard ; not having been then in the hall. He had had no conversation witli the gentleman from Georgia at the present session. He did, however, have a con versation with the President, when the $3,000,000 was under consideration in the House, and the Pres ident had remarked that his (Mr. W.’s) proviso was giving him great difficulty, as he had no doubt that he would effect a peace with Mexico if the $3,000,000 were voted. He (Mr. W.) expressed doubts; when the President replied that he (the President) was bet ter informed on the subject than he (Mr. W.) could possibly be. He (Mr. W.) then remarked that he should be just as well satisfied to obtain an expression of Congress, in any other form, declaring that slavery should not be extended to territory acquired from Mexico, and then suggested that it might be done by joint resolution. The President then said, “ Mr. Wilmot. bring it for ward —it will not be unpopular in Mississippi.” He (Mr. W.) was surprised, at the time, that he referred to Mississippi, but made no reference to Tennessee, bis own State. And, with much earnestness of man ner, he (the President) further stated that he “did not wish to see slavery extended beyond its present li mits,” He (Mr. W.) had informed a gentleman of South Carolina, (Mr. Woodward,) at the time, of this conversation, and he had also so informed the gentle man from Georgia (Mr. Stephens) near the close of the last session. But he had objected to any use be ing made of it in the House, because he did not wish to place himself in the position of a retailer of conver sations. He did not regret, however, that it had now been alluded to by the gentleman from Georgia. Before God, he re-affirmed the statement which he had now made was the substance of the conver sation. Le Corsaire, a Paris paper, quoted in the Courier des Etats-Unis recently, says: “Louis Philippe has written a letter to M Louis Bo naparte, and to M. Odillon Barrot, President of the council, in which he declares the purity of his intentions and his desire not to occupy him self with politics in case he shall be permitted to return to France. “ All my ambition,” says he, “ will be to live as a good citizen.” Louis Philippe does not ask the chateau of Neuilly for a residence on account of its proximity to Paris, he desires permission only to occupy the chateau of Randan, iu Auvergne. On return ing to France, he and his sons will take an oath by which they will bind themselves to re nounce all pretensions to the French crown. Neither the President of the Republic nor the President of the Council, it is added, have as yet taken this strange epistle into considera tion. Wisconsin Unanimous for Free-Soil.— Anti-Slavery ” ’utions have passed the Low er House of icoßsin Legislature by a vote of 75 tc ue resolutions take strong ground against slavery and the slave trade. The Army and Navy for Sixty Years.— In the progress cf a speech delivered iu the House of Representatives on the appropria tion bill, Mr. Greeley stated that during our 60 years of existence under the federal constitu tion—generally of peace, with the exception of Indian troubles —the United States govern* ment had expended — For the array and armed forces -•.-$366,718,299 44 For the navy and naval operations-. -209,994,428 04 For pensions, revolutionary and others-61,169,884 57 For the Indian department .48,053,241 22 Total for warlike purposes- • • • •• $685,930,809 27 We are happy to inform the friends of Governor Towns, that after several weeks of severe indisposition, he is now convalescent- And we are informed that iu the space of a week or ten days he will be able to resume his official duties.— Fed. Union 20 tk. Outrageous Villany. —The Pointe Coupee Echo states that some low-bred villians have been detected with spades in their hands dig ging into the levees in some parts of that parish. Their object undoubtedly is to flood the swamps in order to float out the timber wtych they have on the public lands. Sudden Death of Major Van Ness —Major .Van Ness, for some months the commandant at Fort Preble, died very suddenly on the 14lh inst. While taking a walk he complained of feeling ill, when a carriage was called and he was conveyed to his lodgings at the U. S. Hotel. On reaching there and opening the door of the carriage*he was found to be a corpse. Appo- Slexy is said to have been the cause of his sud* en demise. The High Water, Crevasses, &c.—The ; Bayou Sara Ledger of the 10th mat. says: The Mississippi continues to nse rapidly. { Our streets are flooded with water from the river,rendering Bayou Sara almost unapproach able by those that live iu the country; conse quently, injuring the trade of our town mate rially. Will the citizens of Bayou Sara and the parish generally take the proper steps to remedy this evil in future? The weather for A few days past has been cool and wet. The same paper adds: Just as oar paper was going to press we learned that about 250 yards of the levee front ing and above William Taylor’s dwelling, op posite this place, in the parish of Pointe Cou pee, fell into the Mississippi river. Thelsvees in Pointe Coupee, generally, are in bad condi tion to meet the high water. The St. Francisville Chronicle of the 10th has the following : The high water has become the theme of conversation with us. No doubt the planter on the Mississippi spends many a sleepless night in anticipation of what, from every indi cation, will inevitably come to pass—a general inundation of the coast lands. We are bound to have at least two or three feet rise here, and | we have been told that a rise of one foot mere must overflow the bottoms. Several crevasses have already been created above and below this, and so long as the river continues to come up it will be impossible to check them. Bayou Sara is almost totally covered with water. — Skiffs and flats are in great demand. Its citi zens are in a state of confusion. Being cot. pelled to leave they find it difficult to procure houses in this place for their families. Many merchants have established branches of their stores in this place. The Baton Rouge Gazette of the 10th inst., contains this paragraph: The river centinues to rise gradually. Its present stage is higher than has been known for a number of years and the levees are bro ken in several places. The prospect of the planters on the Mississippi is gloomy indeed. Aside from the fear of inundation, the seed cane is very materially injured, thus verifying the adage that “ misfortun es seldom come singly.” We find the following in the Pointe Coupee Echo of the 10th inst: The continued rise in the Mississippi river has caused considerable alarm to the planters and inhabitants in the lower part of our parish. The river has already reached the high-water mark 0f1844, and it is feared will soon be equal to that of 1828—the highest it ever was known to be. The strong north wind of Monday last did great damage to the levees below, and had it continued twenty-four hours longer would inevitably have submerged nearly one-half of the parish. The Echo adds: The crevasse in the upper part cf West Ba ton Rouge was not closed, up to Thursday last, when we visited it. The water was running through a space of about one hundred leet in width, with a depth of between four and six feet, with tremendous force. About 200 hands were at work, and hopes were entertained of stopping it before the close of the week. A Capsize and a Rescue. —The water-boat schooner Globe, Capt. Ashby, was found by Capt. Sutton of the steamboat Mobile, as he came down Mobile Bay on Monday, capsized. Capt. Sutton went along side the wreck and took off from it 4 English shipmasters and one passenger, just in from sea, as well as Capt. Ashby and his crew of four men. Two ofthese were in the hold of the schooner, where they had been for eleven hours ensconced in utter darkness. During this interval of time they had made their situation known to those out side the wreck by continual vociferation. They had one small knife between them, with which they endeavored to cut their way-out, working by turns, but the instrument was so small they made little progress. The mate of the Mobile quickly opened a passage for them with an axe. Capt. Ashby and his parly were in the yawl of the schooner, but had no oars, they hav ing been lost as the schooner capsized. The scene of the accident was off Deer river. The schooner was under full sail at the time, and it is supposed she struck a log, which occasion ed the accident. The shipmasters and their passengers were put on board their vessel, af ter having thawed out and otherwise fortified on the Mobile. Capt. Ashby and his crew re mained by their schooner.— N.O.Pic, 14 th inst. Extraordinary Development.—Diplomat ic Smuggling. —We have seen a letter from one of the Northern European capitals, in which is disclosed a fact most humiliating to our country. It is alleged that the diplomatic representative of the United States at one of the Northern courts, having been for some time suspected, has at length been detected in smug gling British goods—laces, calicoes, &c.—to the amount of 20,000 rix-dollars; supposed to be a joint concern with some traders in the capital referred to. The ten large boxes containing the goods, were represented by the diplomatic gentleman to contain only supplies for his own family, such as sugars, &c. hut one of them was acci dentally broken open in the Custom House, and the discovery was made. The Custom House authorities took possession of the whole. The discovery is said to have produced the deepest mortification among the American res idents.—N. Y. Com. Adv. Lost at Ska. —We learn from the Correo of Trinidad, that the launch of the American brig Florence of Portland, with Capt. Foster and six seamen, arrived on the 26th ult., having been thirty days exposed in an open boat. The Portland left Turks Island, laden with salt, bound to New Orleans, but on the 23d ult. she sprung a leak and made water so fast that Cap tain Foster was obliged to abandon her. He was then off the shoals of Doce Leguas, but as above mentioned, managed to get to Trin idad, with six of his people. Venezuela. —The Gaceta of the 7th instant, states that advices from Porto Cabello have been received at Havana, dated the 28th ultimo, by the brig Elizabeth Fulton, which left the former port on that day. They do not agree with the accounts brought by the English steam er Dee, two days before, which announced the defeat of the squadron of Gen. Paez, in the fight off Maracaibo. On the contrary, they confirm the report which we have published of the success of Paez, whose forces almost anni hilated the flotilla of the government—General Mouagas.’— Delta, 16th. Maternal Love. —A thrilling incident is related in the Dayton (O.) Journal. On Sa turday morning the house of Mr. Waddle, in Dayton, caught fire, in the absence of both Mr. W. and his wife. A little daughter of four or five years, had been left rocking the cradle, in which was the babe. The little girl easily escaped but the infant was left in the burning house. Several persons tried to pen etrate and rescue it. but were driven back by the excessive heat. But a woman came rush ing to the spot from a neighbor’s—she threw water over her clothes and drew her wet apron hastily over her head, rushed in and returned in a moment —the child in her arms, and safe. It was the mother— of course it was —ererv mo ther’s heart will tell her that. The River.— An unpleasant rumor pre vailed in town last night, that the river was o verflowing its banks at Freeport, above La fayette, and doing much damage. At a late hour, however, we heard that the overflow was not very serious, and that the authorities bad caused embankments to be raised, sufficient to keep the waters within their limits. We think the last report correct. — Pic. 1 6th. From the South Carolinian. South Carolina Railroad Company. We will endeavor to condense the Report of the Committee, to whom was referred the Re port of the President and Directors of the South Carolina Railroad Company, at the re cent annual meeting of the Stockholders. The Committee slate that the income of the year is considerably larger than that of any previous year, and that the following statement presents the object of its application : Income and the charges thereon for the year end ing 31s£ December , 1849. Income—Freight $535,594 56 Passage 221,363 59 Mails 39,106 54 Minor Services... 4,009 15 Other items, chiefly machinery and ma terials furnished Camden branch, sale of a negro, sale of old Rope, &c 40,615 06 $840,688 60 Charges thereon. Current expenses $398,802 79 Interest on Sterling Bonds-. 108,801 15 Camden Branch 220,777 50 Land 4,241 87 Improvements of Depots*.. 2,241 86 Railroad Iron for Road be tween Charleston and Branchville 29,548 29 Negro purchased*. 750 00 Lands for Charleston Depot* 34,871 23 Increase of balances of cash, bills, and bonds receiva ble, and amounts due by Ageuts on 3lst December, 1848, over the balances of similar accounts on 31st Dec. 1841 40,016 70 It appears from this that the income of the year has been absorbed, and that chiefly in ex penditures for the Camden Branch, purchase of land for Depot in Charleston, and for iron in relaying the Road from Charleston to Branch ville. The Committee states the gross receipts of 1848 to exceed those of 1847, $144,498. The success of the Camden Branch, it is stated has far exceeded the estimate of its produc tiveness. After some further remarks, the Committee submitted the following resolutions for the consideration of the meeting of Stock holders : 1. “ Resolved, That so much of the report of the and Directors as relates to a provision for meeting the debt of the Company at its maturity be referred to a special Committee, to report thereon to the next annual meeting of the stockholders. 2. “ Resolved , That the Board be requested to in quire and report to the next meeting of the Company whether there ought not to be an average allowance, and what allowance, made from the profits to meet the deterioration of rail iron, machinery, depots, and other buildings, such allowance to form a reserved fund to cover such deterioration, and to be charged to current expenses. 3. “ Resolved , That the Board of Directors be re quested hereafter to prepare and publish their annual report, with its accompanying documents, on or be fore the Ist day of February preceding the annual meeting in each and every year.” We believe from a careful perusal of the Report, and the facts and figures before us, that the stock of this company will in a few years become a valuable investment. A regular and steady increase of business, and a prudent and careful management of its affairs being contin ued as heretofore, must insure a handsome per centage on the capital invested. The former officers and management of this enterprise be ing re elected, exhibits a perfect confidence in their qualifications by the majority of the Later From Chagres. —The steamship Isthmus, Capt. Baker, arrived yesterday from Chagres, having left that port on the 27th ult. She brings no later news from California. We learn by her that Gen. Smith and suite left Panama on the steamer California, on the 26th. The C. look from Panama about four hundred passengers. There had been a number of vessels at Panama, sufficient to carry off all the passengers from that port. The steamer Orus was plying on the river at Chagres—run ning as high up as Cruces. The Isthmus brought $12,000 in gold bars, which she put on board the steamship Isabella at Havana for Charleston. The California is to return to Panama, so as to sail again for San Francisco on the 15th March. The steamship Falcon arrived at Havana on the Bth inst. from New York, and sailed again on the 9th for Chagres.— N. O. Delta. 16*A. Suffering Emigrants. —The British ship John Garrow, Capt. Cook, arrived Saturday from Liverpool, after a boisterous passage of sixty-four days. She had on board two hun dred and sixty-five steerage passengers, a large number of whom were sick on the passage of ship fever. There are at present nineteen cases on board. The John Garrow is anchored at the Point for the present— Pic. 1 6th. The Great Wall of China.— l passed the famous wall which divides China from Tar tary, and well deserves to be considered a wonder oflhe world. The Chinese say that it is more than ten thousand lee in length, which ia equal to more than three thousand miles, but 1 have been assured that it does not exceed fifteen hundred. Its course is not always even, sometimes descending into deep valleys, at olhers rising to the top of lofty mountains. Its height constantly varies, being much greater in certain situations, especially in the valleys, whilst in some pices it does not rise higher than fifteen feet. In some parts this wall is built entirely of stone, in others of ■tones .and brick mixed ; and such is its breadth, that carriages can drive along the top with ease. I was informed, that the interior of the wall was filled with earth and that it was • built to that breadth net only for convenience in time of war, but also to facilitate the trans port of materials, when it was building, as it would otherwise have been impossible to carry it over steep and precipitious spots. It would in fact, have been beneath the advanced civil ization of toe Chinese to build a national bar rierpassing over rocks, ravines and mountains, without providing a passage for horses and foot soldiers. Upon examining this work, I was greatly astonished to find that, although it was built more than eighteen hundred years ago, it.is still so perfect that it does not appear to have been finished above a century. It is decayed only in a few places, and these dila pidations, the Tartars who are now in posses sion of China do not trouble themselves to re pair. They only preserve the gates through which there is much traffic. Under the native (Chinese government one million of soldiers were employed to guard and garrison this marvelous work, —[ Father Ripa. Curiosities in the Earth. —At the city of Modena, in Italy, and about four miles around it, wherever it is dug, when the workmen ar rive at the depth of sixty-three feet, they come to a bed of chalk, which they bore with an au ger five feet deep. They then withdraw from the pit, before the auger is removed, and upon its extraction, the water bursts up through the aperture with great violence, and quickly fills this new made well, which continues full, and is affected neither by rains nor droughts. But that which is most remarkable in this operation, is the layers of earth as we descend. At the depth of fourteen feet are found the ruins of an ancient city, paved streets, houses, floors, and different pieces of mosaic. Under this is found a soft, oozy earth, made np of ve getables ; and at twenty-six feet deep, large trees entire, such as walnut trees, with the wal nuts still sticking on the stem, and their leaves and branches in perfect preservation. At twenty-eight feet deep, a soft chalk is found, mixed with a vast quantity of shells; and this bed is eleven feet thick. Under this vegetables are found again with leaves, and branches of trees as before ; and thus alternately chalk and vegetable earth to the depth of sixty-three feet. — Goldsmith. Bg tljc JHagiittic Stltgrajil). Transmitted for the Chronicle & Sentinel. New York Market. Baltimore Feb. 21, p. m. —Cotton —Sales to day 400 bales at prices slightly in faror of buyers, but without quotable change. Flour remains steady. Corn firm. Charleston Market. Wednesday, Feb. 21.— Cotton.— The sales to day amount to 2,200 bales at 5| a 7Jc. Holders are free sellers at yesterday’s prices. Savannah Market. W*dke»dat, Feb. 21. Cotton.— 4oo bales bars been sold to-day at 5| a 6|c. No change in prices. From the Charleston Conner of yesterday—By Telegraph. From Washington. In the Senate yesterday, the bill from the House providing for the payment of the instal ment of Mexico, in accordance with the treaty with that country was passed. The bill prefer ring widows and orphans in settlements of Mexican War Claims, which had passed the House, had a second reading. Reports from Committees and Petitions occupied the atten tion of the Senate for some time. The Civil List Bill being under consideration Mr Betts moved an amendment creating the new territo lies one State, and made a speech in support cf his proposition, which was not concluded, but will be resumed this day. In the House, the bill for the coinage of gold dollars and double eagles was passed, as also a bill regulating the mileage of members. An s ttempt was made to consider the bill regula ting the slave trade in the District of Columbia which we suppose failed as our correspondent makes no mention of any action in the matter. General Intelligence. —The steamship Sena tor leaves New York for California on the Ist of March next. Letters intended to go by her, must be forwarded to Woodhull & Minturn of New York. The steamship United States had been sold to an Eastern Government. The Herman left New York yesterday. Gen. Taylor’s progress towards the Capital has been retarded by the recent severe weather. The boat on which he is a passenger is hard and fast in the ice, 17 miles below Wheeling. Carriages have been sent down to bring him and his suit up to that place. The River.—We heard last night at eight o’clock, on good authority, from the other side of the river, that the Mississippi at Algiers had risen twe inches higher than it has jet been, and that it was still rising.— Pic. 16th. Special Jffoticea. MASONIC NOTICE. Or The Members of the Masonic Fraternity are requested to meet at the Lodge Room THIS AF TERNOON at 3J o’clock, to pay the last honors to their friend and brother, Garrett Lawrence. FOURTH LECTURE. §3* The Fourth Lecture before the Young Men’s Library Association, will he delivered NEXT MONDAY EVENING, in the Presbyterian Lecture Room, at 7J o’clock, by Samuel Barnett, Esq., of Washington, Wilkes county. Subject—“ The causes of the inferiority of Ameri can Literature. ” fe22 A CITIZEN’S BALL, WASHINGTON’S BIRTH DA YJ Thursday, Feb. 33d. #o* A Ball will be I riven at the Masonic Hall, on THURSDAY ggSSi EVENING, the 22d of February, in' xjsjg commemoration of the Anniversary of the birth of Washington. Tickets can be obtained at Mr. C. E. Grenville’s, and at Messrs. Clark, Rackett & Co.’s store. fel9-d4 POST OFFICE, ) Acqugta, Feb. Bth, 1849. \ After this date, the Northern and Charles ton Mails, will be closed at 9 o’clock P. M. f e9 E. B. GLASCOCK, P. M. Dr. J. A. CLEVELAND, DENTIST, f~T* Has returned to the City.— . ' His services may be had at the Office of Cleveland & Spear, for a short time. Augusta, Feb, 14th, 1849. fels-2w HUDSON’S PISTOL GALLERY, Corner Green and Jackson-sts., OPEN DAY AND EVENING. Only 25 cents, for 10 Shots. fe7 We are authorized to announce Major WILLIAM TEASLY, of Elbert County, as a can didate for MAJOR GENERAL of the Fourth Divi sion, Georgia Militia, comprising the counties of El bert, Wilkes, Liaclon. Franklin, Madison and Jack son, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Gen. E. W. Morris. Election to be held on the 26th of March next. Jan. 29 f3*We are authorized to announce Col. WIL LI AM B; BOWEN, of Elbert, as a candidate for Major General of the 4th Division, G. M., composed of Jackson, Franklin, Madison, Elbert, Lincoln and Wilkes counties. Election 26th day of March. fels SOUTHERN MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY. 13* At a Meeting of the Southern Mutual Insurance Company, held in Griffin on the 7th inst,, the following members were elected the Board of Di rectors for the yeai 1849 : DIRECTORS —Hon. Asbury Hull, Athens, Pres ident and Treasurer; J. G. Hill, Esq., Griffin, Vice- President; Rev. J. U. Parson, Griffin, Secretary; Prof. C, F. McKay, Athens, Actuary , H. J. Sargent, Esq,, Griffin; Wm. W. Chapman, Griffin; Hon. Lot Weaver, Albany; Hon, William W. Clayton, Athens; E. L. Newton, Esq,, Athens; J. H. New ton, Athens; A. Chase, Athens; J. J. Huggins, Athens; Fielding Bradford, Athens; W, Letcher Mitchel, Athens; Dr. H. Hull, Athens; Wm. M. Morton, Athens; Dr. E. V. W are, Athens; Thomas Cunningham, Greensboro; John Robson, Esq., Mad son ; B. King, Esq., Roswell; Miller Grieve, Mill edgeville ; Isaac Winship, Macon ; N. C. Munroe, Esq.. Macon; John L. Jones, Esq., Macon; V, R. Tommy, Columbus; J. J. Ridgeway Columbus; Henrv Hall, Columbus; D. F. Wilcox, Columbus. This Company commenced business on the sth of February, 1848. The report submitted to the meet . ing shows the following gratifying result for the first ten months, ending the sth inst.; Fir* Risks 460 Marine, 265 Inland .258 Servants 83 1,066 Risks. Premiums $55,628 43 Paid Losses 81663,07 Incidental. 728,25 Salaries • 1820,00 Returned on risks terminated... • 504,00 4715 32 50,913 II Risks terminated 869,425. On all expired policies one half the premia ms has been sared to the insured, equivalent to a dividend of 50 per cent ol their pre miums. V • Communications addressed to the Secretary a Griffin, will receive prompt attention. J U. PARSONS, Sec. S. M. Ins. Co. This Company will insure Houses, Stocks of Goods, Cotton in Store, or on shipboard, and Negroes—aad will take all kinds of Fire and Marine Risks not ex ceeding 810,000, on any one nsk, on as reasona ble terms as any office in this city. Those who insure property for five years pay only one-fifth in cash, and will probably never be called on for an assessment the remaining four years, and at the end of five years be entitled to their share of accumulated profits then on
