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About The Augusta chronicle and gazette of the state. (Augusta [Ga.]) 1789-1806 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 20, 1790)
tical language : Exart nothing from a people already irritated again# your clamfh proceed ings and political intrigues. Are you offended at the plainness with which I add re <s you> If you are, I regard it not; for tfeey are farts, which yotif cannot de ny : It is the language of troth founding in your ears, and reaching to the innioft recesses ©f your conrrcrted hearts. But if you have ability and confidence to defend yourselves, the freedom of the Press is your remedy. Draw forth, then, your whole band’of writeTs —set them ui battle *rray again# us, and make your attack. For my part, I fli.all nfe only solid argument and just cenfuie in thia cooteft; if, with tfcele weapons you can defend yourselves, the reproach and ignomi ny fliall rest upon my head; But if you can not, you yourselves fliall feel that keen re proach, which belongs to the nature of your character, and the intentional errors of your condurt. ~ JUNIUS! LON D Oi N, December 11. Copy of the Declaration of as finally decreed By the flat onal Ajfembly of Prance, Thursday, Augufi 27. Repreientatives of the French Peo- J| pIC, constituted in National Assembly, considering that ignorance, forge fulnefs, or contempt, of the rights of man, are the foie causes of public misfortunes, and the cor ruption of governments, have resolved to set forth, in a solemn Declaration, the natural, unalienable, and sacred Rights of Man ; to the end that this Declaration, being constant ly sent to all the Members of she Social Body, may perpetually remind them of their Rights and Duties; that the Arts of the Legislative and Executive Powers, being every inrtarit liable to be compared with the objert of every political institution, may be more refperted by them ; and that the claims of the citizens, founded henceforward oh v fittfp!e and incori tefliblc principles, may uniformly turn to the maintenance' of the Conftitucion, aild to the" happiness of all. In conference, the National Assembly ac- Itnowledge and declare, in presence of, and under ihe auspices of the Sup< erne Leglflator, the following Rights of Man .1 d Citizen. Art. I All men a;e born and remain free and equal in rights ; social diflinrtions can on ly be founded on common utility. Art. 2. The end of every political aflo ciation is the preservation of the natural and imprefcriptible Rights of Man; these rights are liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. Art 3. The principle of'all sovereignty yefides eflentially in the Nation ; no body of men, no individuals, can Cxercil'e any autho rity but* what dm nates expiefaly from' «t. Art. 4, Liberty consists iudoing whatever does 1101 injuie another; accordingly the cter cife of the natural rights of each main nas no 9 other bounds but those which fecuve to other members of society the enjoyment of the" fame rights; these can only be uct'eimined by' the law. Art. 5. The law Ihould only prohibit ac tions injurious to society. Nothing can be' pievelited but what is prohibited by law; nor can any man be conftraiued to do what it does nbt ordain. * Art. 6. The law is the expreflion of the general will; all the citizens have the right of concurring personally, or by their repre. feutativea, in its formation; it ought to be the fame for all, whether it protects or whe ther it puniihei."* AH the citizens being equal in its eye, are equally admissible to all places, employments, and dignities, according to their capacity, and without any other diflinc tion thau that of their virtues and (heir talents,' Art. 7. No man can be accused, appre hended, or detained, but id cases determined by law, aud according to the form which it has preferibed. They who solicit, expedite, execute, or cause to be’executed, any arbi trary orders, should be puniflied; but every’ citizen, sum moped or apprehended by virtue es the law, should inflantly obey, tod he be comes culpable by refinance. Art* S. The law should eflablifh none but puuifhments ftrirtly and evidently neeeffary; and uo mm can be punished but by virtue of • law eAablifbed sup promulgated puof to the oft*", aud legally applied. Art. p. Every man being prefnlned in nocent, until be lhall have keen pronounced guilty, if it be deemed indispensable to ap prehend bim, every species of rigour, not abfclutely neceflary for fecunng his person, should be severely prohibited by law. Art. io. No man can be diftb'bed in his opiuions, even religious ; provided their ma nifeftations do uot .trouble the public order ejiuilijhed bylaw . Art. n. 'lhe free communication of thoughts and opinions is one of the molt pre cious rights of man. Every citizen, there fore, may freely (peak, write, and print, un der condition of being responsible for the * abuse of that liberty id cases provided for by law. Art. it. The security of the rights of the man and citizen renders a public force ne ceflary ; that force then is instituted for the good of ail, ahd not for the particular advan tage of those o whom it is confided. Art. 13. For the maintenance of this public force, and the Giber expeiice* of ad minifiration, a common Contribution is in. diipenfable; this should be apportioned among all the citizens, in proportion to their abili ties. Art. 14. Each citizen has the right, by himfelf or his reprefeniatives, to determine the necessity of the noble contribution, freely to consent to it, to attend to its employment, and to fix the quota, the mode of imposition, the collection and duration of the fame. Art. 15. Society have a right to demand an account from every public agc’ntof hisad miniftfation. Art, 16. Every society in which the gua ranty of their lights is not secured, nor the fepaiation of powers determined, is Without a conftitutiou/ These are the Whole of the articles. (Jet. 15V We are informed by a gentle man lately from Dantzic, that he there met with a viajor Langboume, (aid de camp to the Marquis dela Fayette when he coriiman i ed in America) who had for his' amusement travelled on foot through ail Gieat-Bntain and Ireland, also Lapland and RufSa, and intends puiluing ms journey, id’thS laine manner, thiougti Germany, Italy, and Turkey in Eu topc, and to return to London to take his pai fage to America - , his native country, which' he imagined would'take him teh years to ac complilh. This genttehian’s e’qti page coufifts of a pocket compais, a hatchet, a pair of piftoh, a sword, and a ihirt in his pocket to change the one on his back!’ A favorite* dog accompanied him iu his travels, which he had the misfortune to lose at Pcrerfburth, to his gteat grief The Major is a young man, sensible and model!, never introduces in conversation any parts of bis travels, or' the wpndeifui escapes and hafiihips he has had by his inode of'rravelling ■, but as it is natural to put many questions to him, he ac knowledges that in Lapland he met with many difaftets, which made him frequently repent lus attempting to travel through that inhofp,- taole country, il is said that this ex raordi nary tiaveiler is a gentleman of fortune in America,'and has letters of credit upon dif leient bankers in Europe 4 . Dr. Herschel has compleated his large te ltfcope, and has already dilcovered with it that theie'is a lixth satellite revolving round the planet Saturn, within the orbits of the five that we have hitherto beeu acquainted with. There is one particular and most effentiaf law which the National Assembly of France are resolved rigoroully to enforce, viz. That, no farmer ftiali plant any piece ofgrouud with vines, tiH he has fufiiciently tried it for the produce of grain ; if after luch trial, the pro duce will not pay'his rent; he is to appear be fore an intendaut, and make affidavit that the ground will not produce grain; then he will be allowed to turn it iuto a viueyard. The system to be cflablifhed in France, and which is not only proposed, but actually de termined on, is, that all those titles on which the nobility have for so many centuries placed fucb value, are to be’abolilbed, and the an cient peerage of the realm levelled in common wuh all otbei* diminutions. The King is to retain his title, end his supremacy, and head of the people} hut he is to be reltrifted by the laws of the National Allehibly, as 10 have the lliadow without the AtblUuee of monarchy, the otleufible piofeflion, whilil the people ate (he leal propnetoi* of the ciowm But the ’ ariflocracy does not terminate here, the rights ot ihe clergy are alio to be aboiifhed, and they have thidwn themselves for protection on the new eftabhlhment. And what further subverts the ancient constitution France, the private hereditary rights of whole pro vinces are taken away, rights of property that centuries on centuries have guaranteed, and which every court of Justice in the universe have allowed to be legally, conflitutionally, and pioperly founded. ✓ .St. JOHN, (Niß.) OrSober 23. fiy a gentleman yesterday fiom Frederic town, we learn, that the Honorable House of AiTembly had met on Thorfday the 15th info and expected to flnifli their feftion by the 24th* ' A bill is said to have paired, laying an addi tional duty ®f ten per cent, on flour imported from the United States; another laying a fur ther duty of two-pence per gallon on rum im ported ; and a third with some new regula tions iefpe&in! the fiifheries.' NEW-YORK, Nov. if. We are sorry to announce to our readers that very great disappointment which num bers ot ladiei and gentlemen met with on the sth inst in not being able to ,perceive the planet Mercury pass any part of the fun’s disk. Whatever may have been the whether the time was iniitaken or the injiruments were^ inluiiicicnt, the afirqiiomical gentlemen will pi ohably be able to give a fatisfaftory account } ami we hope loon to receive communications ou the fubjeCf, from some of the very abltit mathematicians in this city. 20. The vyhole territory of the United States contains, by computation, a million of lquaic miles, in which are 6a.0 millions ot acicsj of thele 51 millions are water, de ducting which, the total amount of acres of land in the United States is 589 millions. That part ot the United States comprehends ed witiuu the welt temporary line of Penn lylvania on the call—the. boundary line be tween Britain and the United States, extend ing H orn the river St. C roix to the north weft extremity of the Lake of the Woods on the north the river Miffifippi to the mouth o.£ the Ohio on the louth, (the aforementioned bounds of Pennsylvania) contains, by com putation, about 411 thousand square miles, m which are 26,340,000 acres; deduCl for Wciei 4,34b,0c'0 acres, there remains 220 millions "ot acres. ihe whole of this immense extent of un appropriated weftern territ jry, or vacant urt leti ed .and, containing as above, stated 22a miihons ot acres, has been by the ceffiOn of some of the original dates, and by thetrdatj ot peace, transferred to the federal govern ment, and is pledged as a fund for fluking the Continental debt. The foreign debt incurred by the war, ii 7>BB£>oßs dollars—domestic debt 34,11 no!la s-which makes 9,430,084!. sterling; the iiitereft ot which at <5 per cent, is 5675905 L erliiig. hut the war has cost Great-Britain 11 5*654,9141. lh e interest of which* at 6 per cent, is 6,937,2941. t 0 be piid since Ja-. nuary 1775. Jan. 7. Oh Sunday last the Rev. Anton .. Theodore Bfuwn, Komifli Miflihnary among the Indiana, and lately from Canada, read his recantation from the errors of the Church of Home, in the Lutheran church in Frankfort street, before the Rev. Dr. Kunzie, and a large and relpettable congregation. For the last twelvemonths Mr. Brown preached to a Lutheran congregation in New Johnston, Canada, but would not administer the facrameut until he had made a publiclte carnation. Mj, Brown was much refpefted amodrfl; the Romifti clergy, and had got letters offj. commejidation from the Biftiop of CMPda with leave to go to Europe. -I|L * £ k ' tiaa °f a I‘tter from Bojtot, dated Ojfla This, day, at u o’clock, the PrefldeiAt was conveyed in the Admiral’s barge, oA board the Admiral’s ihip-the Major of the\ fleet fleered, the midshipmen rowed, alldref- led in led. When the President arrived, hs was received on board, in the fame ftyJe they receive their King, viz The Officers took off their flues— and the crew all appeared with their legs naked. r The Legiihture of New-Jersey h*ve ap pointed. the Hon. Janies Kinsey, of Burling ton, Chief Justice of that foe, vice the Hon. I). Brearly, anointed of the Federal Court,
