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CITY AIR, GUARDIAN. TOE PUBLIC GOBI BEFORE PBITATE ADVANTAGE. EDITORS & PROPRIETORS. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 1861. VOL. I-NO. 1. tdiau. Insertion, ^|1; And A, "ege of chanf*, will ' month, $ 85 M I M ... 110 » the npzce at regular rates -r»hi|>«, Nolicce t<i ded quarterly. the Weekly paper Weekly paper on* of the papera, will Insertion. County, ami Mani la advance in every 'hed as new*; but Funeral Invitations will be charged 20 to be Included In made from the fore- TKR A ADA1K. OADS. Train a. Company. Fare,.....$5 60. perintondent. train. 9.06, A. M. c;;.; 5.20, p. m. L 0.30, A. M. 9.45, A. M. TRAIN. 8.40, P. M. 6.56, A. M. ..... 2.30, P. M. ....11.46, P. M. * with the Train* e Savannah and t Railroad. ilea—Fare,..$3 66. in Undent. TRAIN. 10.10, A. M. 0.10, P. M. 3.00, P. 1C. T.61, P.M. TRAIN. 0.30, A. M. .. 6.40, A. M. 3.16, A. M. f.59, A. M. the Montgomery k 'nt. Railroaa. Miles—Fare,....$6. perinUndont. TRAIN. - 10.10, A. M. 6.40, P. M. 4.06, A. M. . 1.16, P. M. TRAIN. 7.60, P. M. 4.60, A. M. .... 8.20, P. M. 11.46, P. M. y.with the Romo the Fast Ten- "i Dalton, and the road at Chatta- Faro $4 60. perintondent. TaAlN. 1.45, t. M. ^ .. 7.16, P. M. 1.30, P. M. 7 00, P M • main. 1 1100, Night. 7.15, A. M. ; 12.00, Night ..... 7.16, A. M. ot bo run on 8«n- ain from Allan id, i<lroad for Savan e South-Western for .40, A. If. agta, connect* with -Vennah at 10.00 P. Tail Road for Co- from Atlanta to New faro in Savannah, fraternal record. M AMO NX. ATLANTA LODGE, No. 69, F. A. Id., meets on the sec ond and fourth Thursday nights In each month. LEWIS LaWUHK, W. M. John ML Boauo, Secretary. FULTON LODGE, No. 216, Y. A. M., meets on the first and third Thursday nights in each month. DAVID MAYER, W. M. R. J. Mistier, Secretary. MOUNT WON ROYAL ARCH CHAPTER,No. 16,meet* on tlie second and fourth Monday night* In «a>4l mootli. L J. GLENN, II. P. C. R. lUsuciTita, Secretary. ■HRHI MW—pa day in January, April, July and October. LEWIS LAWhll K, Tu. ItL. Jobs M. BoaiMu, Recorder. CtKL'R DE LION COMMANDERY, No. 4, meets on th first and third Wednesday In each lujntli. W. W. UOYD, M.'.E.'. W. T. Mian, Recorder. ODD-FELLOW S. CENTRAL LODGE, No. 2U, nieeUever^Ti^sJ^jljkl. J. R Bmwcik, Secretary. WM. U. BARNK8, Chief Patriarch, W. W. BOYD, Ulgb Priest. T. P. Pi.sminu, Bcrlbe. SUPERIOR COURTS. COWKTA CIRCUIT. Orvillk A. Biru., LaOrange, Judge. N. J. Hammoid, Atlanta, Solicitor General. Coutles. Time of Session. Clayton—1st Monday In May and November. DeKalb—4Ui Monday in April and October. Fayette—2nd Monday In March and September. Fulton—1st Monday In April and October. Meriwether—3d Monday In February ami August. Troup—ikl Monday In May and November. TALLAPOOSA CIRCUIT. D. F. Hammond, Newnan, Judge. M. Kkm>k»C*, Cedar Town, Solicitor general. Counties. Time of Sessions. Campbell—2d Monday In February and August. Carroll—1st and 2d Monday In February and August. Coweta—1st Monday In March and September. Floyd—4th Mon.lay In Jan. and 1st Monday in July. Heard—J«l Monday io March and September. Haralson—Sd Monday In April and October. Paulding—4th Monday In February and August. Polk—8d Monday In February aud August. BLUE RIDGE CIRCUIT. Grorub D. Rick, Marietta, Judge. Wm. Phillips, Marietta, Solicitor General. Counties. Time of Sessions. Cherokee—1st Monday In March and September. Cobb—3d Monday !u March aud September. Dawson—2d Monday In February and August. Fannin—2d Monday In May and October. Forsyth—8d Monday in February and August. Milton—1st Monday In June and November. Pickens—2d Monday In March and September. Towns—4th Monday In May and October. Union—3d Monday In May and October. CHEROKEE CIRCUIT. D. A. Walks*, Spring Place, Judge. J. A. W. Jounaom, CaasvUle, Solicitor General. Counties. Time of Sessions. Cass—2d Monday In March and September. Catoosa—2d Monday In May and November. Dade—4th Monday In May and November. Gordon—1st Monday In April and October. Murray—3d Monday In April and October. Whitfield—4th Monday In April and October. DENTISTRY. H. HUNTINGTON, M. D., DENTIST, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, OFFICE In Rawson’s new build- in*. corner Whitehall and Hunter 8tree*t.— Residence first house to the left of Col. Yan cey's. Kbfbrknceb: Hon. R. F. Lyon, Mr. E. E. Rawson, Messrs. Beach k Root, Rev. Mr. Rog ers, Dr. Logan, Atlanta; Rev. C. M. Irwin, D. A. Vason, Esq., Col. Nelson Tift, Col. W. J. Lawton, Henry Tarver, Albany. Jan 16. OR. J. ft*. H. BROWN, DENTIST, suooneo* to oabpbbll * sao., OFFICE over Massey k Lansdell'a Drug Store, Whitehall street, Atlanta,Georgia. All operations pertaining to Dental Surgery performed with the greatest care twawlyjeb • A R. W. CRAVEN, DENTISTS, HAEE removed to their new and splendid room in Pa Ream's Block, opposite Beach k Roots, where they are prepared to wait on all who may wiah their services. Ministers, who are pastors charged half- price. Calls from a distance attended o with promptness. junel9-w*tw W. J. DICKEY, FITROEON AND MECHANICAL DENTI ST ATLANTA, GEORGIA. OFFICE—Up stairs, next door to Richard's Book 8tore. sep24twlyr Gill) omjmj-m 7 ANTED, turln, bualMM. Om ' sot. For furthor pto H. 13. CLIFFORD, BACON, FLOUR, COFFF.B, SUGAR, RICB, WINE, BAGGING, ROPE, —AND— GENERAL PRODUCE BROKER —AND— COMMISSION MERCHANT, No. 1-13, -Ath or Wall St„ LOUMVU.LLE, KY, P ERSONAL .lt.otion ,iren loollol'd.r.tKl oonaiffain.uL Having thorough kaowl- •dg* of the market* and mj buaiueu, I flattar mya.it that 1 eaa aava tboae who iatroat thair baainaaa to me, • fair prohb 1 da.l atrietl/ on the eaah aratem. Thoaa who Mod their raoo- e» and erdera to me get th* fall keaelt of our Oaah Market. I do Dot uee the oeowaj, aad bur tla* article ou Ume of M, 00 or ,« dare, as ie often done in ell market*. I eaa amp u low aa oar naa la the Boolb-Weat. All I aak la a trial. Now York Kacheage rocaired at •oiliag rat* hero. I do aet apoculsU; do only a legitimate business, geotlauiea. Jan I*. t AN ILL A. JaM aad Cotto. Oordaga, al alias for sale b* McXAUGHT, ORMOND A 00. INSURANCE. ATLANTA INSIBAMECOMPAN V. JOS. P. LOGAN, President. PERINO BROWN, Cashier. DIRECTORS. L. P. GRANT, JOSEPH P. LOGAN, THOMAS L. COOFER, JOHN W^DUNCAN, GEORGE G. HULL, J08. D. LOCKIIART, D EPOSITS received and commercial paper discounted. Collections received aud remitted for at our rent rates of Exchange on day of payment. Uncurrent mouey, Gold and Silver Coin, bought and sold. Loans and Notes negotiated. Stocks, Bonds and Real Estate bought and sold on commission. Prompt attention to correspondents, aprilli FIRE ANE LIFE INSURANCE ! W E are Agents for the Augusta Insurance Company, and the Insurance Company of the Valley of Virginia. Our rates of premium will compare with anv of the Northern Companies. We trust citizens will patronize Southern Institutions, especially when they are sweep, solvent and prompt in redeeming all losses. 8. B. ROBSON k CO. apri!17 Atlanta, Georgia. FIRE AND LIFE UVSDRANCJ ABRNCY T HE subscriber represents the following first class Companies, some of whioh are now the leading Companies in the country—all having Cask Capitals and a largo surplus. The Companies thus* designated divide seventy-five per ct. of the net earnings with the policy holders HOME INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital and riurplus, *1.«5H,04K> ‘M •CONTINENTAL IMSURANCE COMPANY, NEW YORK. Capital and *1,000.000. •SECURITY INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital and Surplus, *000,3*3* CITIZEN INSURANCE COMPANY. N. Y. Capital and Surplus, *3141,303. NIAGARA INSURANCE COMPANY. Capital and Hurplus, *30*1,051, 8PRINGFIELD FIRE AND MARINE INSU RANCE COMPANY, MASS. Capital aud Murplus, jMrt l.OOO. •MARKET INSURANCE COMPANY. N. Y. Capital and Surplus, *300,000. HUMBOLDT INSURANCE COMPANY, N. Y. Capital and Surplus, .*£35,000. METROPOLITAN INSURANCE CO., N. Y. Capital and Surplus, *100,000, NEW YORK LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. Capital *i,hoo,ooo. This Company offer* security and advan tages unsurpassed by any Life Insurance Com pany in the country. It accomodates the in surer in the payment of premiums, annually, half yearly, or quarterly. Premiums on poli cies for life, if over $50 per annum, siity per cent, is only required. Annuities granted on the most liberal terms. All the above Companies court investigation into their condition and system of doing busi ness. Office on Whitehall street, next door to T. R. Ripley’s, opposite the “Intelligencer” office, july 12 SAhfUEL SMITH. MECHANICAL. WILLIAM MACKIE, FRESCO PAINTER AND GRAINER, HAVING located perma nently in Atlanta, will de- vote his whole attention to the above Branches in all their details. Likewise, SIGNS of every description, WIN DOW SHADES, SHOW CARDS, CARVED LETTERS made to order in any style, war ranted to equal any City in the Union. Orders from the Country attended to. OFFICE—-In Beach k Root’s Building— stairs febl CARVING IN WOOD, f I HIE subscriber respectfully announces to the oitizens of Atlanta, that he is now fully prepared to execute in the best manner, every description of CARVING IN WOOD. He will also give particular attention to the fitting up of Stores, with Shelves, Counters, Ac., after any plan ; also, the internal decoration of public Halls, Churches, Ac. XHBu Old Furniture of good quality will be repaired at short notice in the best manner. THKO. MR0CZK0W8KI, Marietta street, opposite Gas Works, lyjanll ATLANTA BLACKSMITH SHOP —AND— BRASS FOUNDRY, ON HUNTER STREET, Bktwkkr McDorouii and Buti.kr Stiikkts, Near the City Ilall. T HE Subscriber bags leave to inform his friends, and the public generally, that he has established, as above, a Blacksmith and Wagon Shop, aud also a Bit ASS FOUNDRY', where he is prepared to do all kinds of work in his line, lie solicits a share of patrouage, and will guarantee to give entire satisfaction to all that may antrust him with tholr orders. Ordars promptly attended to. JAMES K. GULLATT. He has on hand and for sale two PRAYS. Cheap lor Cask. Atlanta, Jan. M. THOMAS At ABBOTT, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, A-tlimtA, OOU* is ftaaith'* Building, Whitahall itreat. (tlTnn, jaltlf Baa. F. Quarto. farewell Speech of MMon. Jtti, Davis. The following speech of Hon. Jeff. Davis, oq leaving the United States Senate, after the fleoesBion of his State, is one of the finest speiomens of manly oratory to which the ex* igencies of the times have given rise : “I ribe, Mr. President, for the purpose of announcing to the Senate that I hare satisfac tory evidence that the State of Mississippi, by a solemn ordinance of her people in Coo. ▼eption assembled, has declared her separn- tle*4£on» ( jlhe United States. Undtr these cifcumsiances, of oourse my functions arc ter minated here. It has seemed to me proper, however, that I should appear in the Senate to announce that fact to my associates, and I will say but very IHtle more. The occasion does not invite me to go into argument; and my physical condition would not permit me to do so if it were otherwise ; and yet it seems to become me to say something on the part of the State I here represent on un occasion so solemn as this. “it is known to Senators who have served with me here, that 11 have for maay years ad- ▼ceated as an essential attribute of State Sov ereignly, the right of a State to secede from the Union. Therefore, if I had ntH believed there was justifiable cause ; if I had thought that Mississippi was acting without sufficient provocation, or without existing necessity, 1 should still, under my theory of the Govern ment, because of my allegiance to the Stale of which I aiu a citizens, have been bound by her action. I, however, may Do permitted to say that I do think she has justifiable cause, and I approve her act. I conferred with ber people before that act was taken, counselled them then, that if the state of things whioh they apprehended should exist when the Con vention met, they should take the aotion whioh they have now adopted. “ I hope none who hear me will confound this expression of mine with the advocacy of the right of a State to remain in the Union, and to disregard its constitutional obligations by the nullification of the law. Such is not my theory. Nullification and seoession, so often confounded, are indeed antagonistic principles. Nullification is a remedy which it is sought to apply within the Union, and against the agents of the States. It is only to be justified when the agent hits violated his constitutional obligations, and a State, assuming to judge for itself, denies the right of the ugeut thus to act, and appeals to the other States of the Union, for a decision; but when the States themselves, and when the people of the States, have so acted as to convince us that they will not regard our con stitutional rights, then, and then for the first time, arises the doctrine of secession in its practical application. “ A great man who now reposes with his fathers, and who has been often arraigned for a want of fealty to the Union, advocated the doctrine of nullification because it preserved the Union, it was because of his deep seated attachment to the Uuion; his determination to fiud some remedy for existing ills short of a severence of the ties which bouud South Caro lina to the other States, that Mr. Calhoun ad vocated the doctrine of nullification, which he f iroclaimed to bo peaceful; to he within the imits of State power, not to disturb the Union, but only to be*a means of bringing tho’agent before the tribunal of the Slates for their judgment. Socession belongs to a different class of remedies. It is to ho justified upon the basis that the States are sovereign. There was a time when none denied it. I hope the lime inay come again, when a belter comprehen- don of the theory of our Government, and the nalienable rights of (ho people of the States, sill preveut any one from denying that each State is a sovereign and thus may reclaim the grants which it has made to any agent whom soever. I therefore, say I concur in (he aotion of the people of Mississippi, believing it to be uecessarj and proper, and should have been hound by the action if my belief had been otherwise; and this brings me to the impor tant point whioh I wish, on this last occasion, to present to the Senate. It is by this con* founding nullification and seoession that the name of a great man, whose ashes now min gle with his mother earth, has been invoked to justify coercion against a seceding State. The phrase “ to execute the laws,” was an ex pression which Gen. Jackson applied ie the case of a Stale refusing to obey the laws while yet a member of the Union. That is not the case which la now presented. The laws are to be executed over the United States, and upon the people of the United States. They have no relation to any foreign oountry. It It a perversion of terms, nt least, it is n great misapprehension of theoase, which oites that expression for nppliention to a State whioh haa withdrawn from the Union. You may never make war on a foreign State. If it be the purpose of gentlemen, they may make war against a State which has withdrawn from the Union ; but there are no laws of the Uni ted States to be executed within the limits ef a seceded Stale. A State finding herself in the condition in which Mississippi has judged she is, in which her safety requires that she should provide for maintainance of her rights out of the Union, surrenders nil the beuefita, (and they are known to be many,) deprives herself of the advantages, (they are known to be groat,) severs all the ties of effort ion, (and they are close and enduring,) which have bound her to the Union; and thus divesting herself of •▼ery bonefit, taken upon herself overy burden, she claims (o be exempt from any power to execute the laws of the United States within her limits. I well remember an oooeeioa when Massa chusetts was brought before the bar of the Senate, and when the doctrine of coercion was rife, and to he applied against ber, because of (be rescue of s fugitive slave in Boston.— My opinion then was the same at It it now.— Not in a spirit of egotism, but to show that I am net influenced ia my opinion because the aae ie my own, I refer to tint time and that oocaaion, ns containing the opinion whioh I then entertained, end on which my present con duct is hafed. 1 then ftfld, if Massachusetts, following her through a staled line of conduct, chooses to take the last step which separates her from the Union, it ie ber right to go, and 1 will neither vote one dollar aor eae man <o coerce her back, but will say te her, God speed, ka memory of the kind associations whioh existed between her and the other States. It has been a conviction of pressing net aity, it has been a belief, that we are to deprived in the Union of the rights whioh our fathers bequeathed to us, whioh has brought Mississippi into her present decision. She has heard proelaimed the theory that all men are oreated free and equal, and this made the btais of an aUaok upon her eocial instituti and the snored Declaration of Independence has been invoked to maintain the position of the equality of the raoee. The declaration of Independence is to bo oonstrued by the eir- cumstanoee and purposes for which it was made. The communities wsre declaring their independence; the people of oommunites were asserting that no man was bora, to use the language of Mr. Jefferson, booted and spur red to ride over the rest of mankind; that men are created equal—meaning the men of a politioal community ; that there was no Di vise right to rule ; that no man inherited the right to govern ; that there were no olasses by whieh power and plaoe descended to fami lies ; but that all stations wsre equally with in the grasp of each member of the body poli tic. These are the great principles they announ ced ; these were the purposes for whioh they inode their declaration; these were the ends to which their enunciation was directed.— They have no refereuce to the slave; else, how happened it that among the items of arraignment made against George UI, was that he endeavored to do just what the North has been endeavoring of late to do, to stir up insurrection among our slaves I Had the declaration announced that negroes were free and equal, how was the Friuce to he arraign ed for stirring up insurrection among them T And how was this to be enumerated among (be high crimes which onuseu the colonies to sever their connection with the mother coun try ? When our Constitution was formed, the same idea was tendered more palpable, for there we find provision made for that very class of persons as property; they were not put upon the footing of equality with white men ; not even upou that of paupers and convicts ; but, so far as representation was concerned, were discriminated against as a lower caste, only to he represented in the numercial pro portion of three-fifths. Then, Senators, we recur to the compact which binds us together; we recur to the principles which our Government was found ed; and when you deny them, and when you deny to us tho right to withdraw from the Government Which, thus perverted, threatens to be destructive to our rights, we but tread in the path of our fathers when wo proclaim our independence, and Lake the hazard. This is done not in hostility to others, nor to injure any section of the country, not even for our own pecuniary benefit; but from the high and solemn motive of defending and protecting the rights we inherited and which it is our sa cred duty to transmit unshorn to our chil dren. 1 find in myself, perhaps, a type of the general feeling of my constituents towards yours. 1 am sure 1 feel no hostility to you, Senators from the North. 1 am sure there ie not one of you, whatever sharp disoussion there may have been between us, to whom 1 cannot now say, in the presence of my God, 1 wish you well; and such I am sure, ia the feeling of the people whom I represent to wards those whom you represent. I therefore feel that I but express their desire when I say 1 hope, and they hope, for peaceful relations with you, though we must part. They may bo mutually beneficial to us in the future, as they have been in the past if you so will it.— The reverse may bring disaster on every por tion of the eountry ; and if you will have it thus, we will iuvoke the God of our fathers, who delivered them from the power of the lion, to protect ns from the ravages of the bear; and thus putting our trust in God and in our own firm heatis and strong arms, we will vin dicate the right as best we may. In the course of my service here associated, at different times with a great variety of Senators, 1 see around me some with whom I have served long; there have been points of collision, but whatever offenoe there has been to me, 1 leave here; 1 carry with me no hostile rememberance. Whatever offence I have given which has not been redressed, or for which satisfaction has not been demand ed, I have Senators, in this hour of parting, to offer you my apology for any pain whioh, in the heat of discussion, I have inflicted.— I go hence unencumbered by the remem brance of any injury received, and having discharged the duty of making tho only repa ration in my power for any injury offered. Mr. President, and Senators, having made the announcement which the oocaaion seemed to me to require, it only remains for me to bid you a final adieu.” To the People of Floyd County. Fellow-Citizens t It was proposed in the Con vention recently assembled in Milledgeville, to reduce the number of members in both branch es of the General Assembly. The opinion was very general that there ought to he a reduction, but there was grsst diversity of opinion as to tho power of the Convention over the subject. Some distinguished members regarded the power of the Convention to be a plenary, and unlimited os that of the people themselves.— Indeed, they said (Ac Convention was the people. Others, and among them a sagacious, clear headed aud able delegate from Hancock, thought the power of the Convention, though derived from the people, was to he regarded as restricted to the objects specified In The actor the Legislature calling It ■P own opinion Is, that tho Convention, tho’ the immediate representative of the people in thair sovereign capacity, and therefore not sub ject to limitations of power by the fundamental law, like an ordinary legislative body, yet Is not the sovereignty, but only its representative.— It is chprged with power by the people, limited neither by the Coimitution nor the legislative aet calling It, but by the declared wilt of <A* peopto. The people may enlarge or diminish the powers of their delegates to a Convention regardless of the legIslaKve act. You delegated to me no fewer ie reduce the legielattfc body. That su^eet was pot con templated by you, not discussed during the canvasi. TtIs ih important subject. Individ ually I am la favor of a large reduction, bat i dee ire to know jour wishes. Allow me. then, to suggest the propriety ora public meeting on Saturday, the 16th fnettnt, to take the subject under oMwkferation and give expression u the puMte will In regard to M. Respectfully, ». FOUCHB. The Peace Congrr**. The following is a list of the Delegates to the Border-State, or Peace, Congress now in session . at Washington City—the leading object of which is, if possible, to devise some plan for the peaceable adjustment of the National trou bles : New Hampshire—Amos Tuck, Asa Fowler, and Levi Chamberlain. Rhode leland—Sami. Ames, Alexander Dun can, Wm. W. Hoppin, George U. Browne and Samuel G. Arnold. New York—David Dudley FieW, Wm. Curtis Noyes, James 8. Wsrdsworth, James C. 8mith, Addison Gardiner, Greene C. Bronson, William E. Dodge, Amaziah B. James and Erastus Cor- n X Jersey—Charles B. Olden, Robert F. Stockton, Joseph K. Randolph, Rodman M. Price, Peter D. Broom, Benjamin Williamson, Fred. T. Frelinghuysen, Thus. J. Stryker and Wm. C. Alexander. Pennsylvania—Wm. M. Meredith, James Pollock, Thomas E. Franklin, Thomas White, David Wilmot, Andrew W. Loomis and Wm. Cannon. Maryland—Reverdy Johnson, Wm. 8. Golds- borough, Augustus W. Bradford, John W. Cris- field and J. Dixon Roman. Illinois—Stephen T. Logan, G. A. Koerner, Ex-Governor Wood, B. C. Cook and Thomas J. Turner. Virginia—John Tyler, James A. Scddon, W. C. Rives, George W. Bummers and John W. Brocken borough. North Carolina—John M. Morehead, Georgo Davis, David 8. Reid and D. M. Barringer. Kentuoky—Jas. B. Clay, Ex-Governor More- head, James Guthrie, Joshua F. Bell, Wm. 0. Butler and Charles A. Wickliffe. Ohio—Salmon P. Chase, S. C. Wright, V. Harlan, Thomas Ewing, Wm. Groesbeck, Reu ben Hitchcock and F. T. Backus. Teunessee—Robert J. McKinney, Samuel Milligan, J. N. Anderson, Robert L. Caruthers, Thomas Martin, Isaac R. Hawkins, A. 0. W. Patten, Alvin 8. Cullom, Wm. P. Hickerson, Geo. W. Jones, F. K. Zollikoffer and William II. Stephens. Missouri—Waldo P. Johnson, A. W. Doni phan, A. H. Buckner, J. D. Coslter, Harrison The sessions of the Congress are held with closed doors. The reason given is this: If the proceedings of the Convention are published daily, every proposition which is made by a member must be sustained by him without re traction or wavering; but if tho doors are clos ed, and none of the propositions are made public, there will be no hesitancy about retrac tion or compromise, as it will not redound to the political injury or glory of one party or the other. It will be remombered by the readers of his tory, that the Convention which met for the purpose of conferring concerning the Declara tion of the Independence of the United States of America, sat with closed doors. And conse quently, although whon the Convention as sembled nearly half of the delegates were de termined to oppose the Declaration of Indepen dence, yet when they adjourned sine die, their decision was unanimous in resisting to tho death any tyranny of the mother country, and declaring the inhabitants of tho United States of America to be a free and independent peo ple. Governor Houston* The message of Gov. Houston to the Texas Legislature, advocates a settlement “now and forever” of our difficulties with the North, but thinks the action and position of Texas should he with the border Slates, and not the Cotton States. He says: Were governments formed in an hour, and nan liberty the natural result of revolution, less responsibility would attach to us as we consider the momentous question before us.—, A long struggle, amid bloodshed and privation, secured the liberty which has been our boast for three-quarters of a century. Wisdom, pa triotism, and the noble conoessiens of great minds, framed our Constitution. Long centu ries of heroic strife attest the progress of free dom to this culminating point. Ere the work of centuries Is undone, and freedom, thorn of her victorious garments, is started oat onco a her weary pilgrimage, hoping to find, after centuries have passed away, another dwelling plaee, it is not unmanly to nauee and, at least, endeavor to avert the calamity. “The Executive feels as deeply as any of your honorable body, the necessity for such action on the part of the slavebolding States as will seeure to the fullest extent every right they possess. SeH-preservation, if not a man ly love of liberty, inspired by our past history, prompt this determination. But he cannot feel that these dictate hasty and unconoerted ac tion, nor can he reoonoila to his mind the idea that our safety demand* an immediate separa tion from the Government ere we have stated our grievances or demanded redress. A high resolve to maintain our constitutional rights, and failing to obtain them, to risk the penis of revolution, even as our fathom risked them, should, in my opinion, actuate every citisen of Texas; hut we should remember that we owe duties and obligations to States having rights in oommon with us, aad whose institutions aro the same as ours. No aggressions can come upon us, which will not m visited upon them, and whatever our action may be, it should be of that character whisk will bear ns blameless The Stale Convention* The Proprietor of the Savannah “Republi can” has made arrangements, at considerable cost, for complete reports, daily, of the proceed ings of this body, one of the most important that ever assembled in the Southern States.— This will enable the “ Republican” to pzqeent new attractions to the reading public, and should induos a large addition to its list of sub scriber*. Out State Convention will probably ru-as- seasbls directly after the adjournment of the Southern Convention, and Savannah is the place of iU next sitting. So that the next two months are destined to constitute a memorable period in American history. Aa the intensest interest will be felt In the action of this deliberative body, the very ear liest accounts ef their proceeding* will he giv : eh, and te those who prefer I# wbeerihe for e lew time then » yeer, will be Jhi*ished with the Dally “Rspublioen,” for two mouths, at $1« lie 01