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GEORGIA COURIER.
primary laws of humau society, that any
! traffic should long be williugly pursued,
I of which all the advantages are on oue
side, and all the burdens on the other.—
i Treaties of Commerce have been found,
i bv experience, to be among the most ef-
' fective instruments for promoting peace
| and harmony between nations whose in-
Trrw,--TM* Viprr i« wt.ii Hed -vrry Monday and , teres , s exclusively considered on either
I'hursdttV aflenumii, nt 00 p*r annum, payable in_au- j ’ J, ... •
--- — — 1 side, are brought into frequent coliisions
by competition. In framing such treaties,
it is the duty of eacli party, not simply to
urge wirh unyielding pertinacity that
which suits its own interest, but to con-
coticiicd to the nature of man, or to the ing of resentment, because the offers of an i commenced, and is no w in pftigi<2Si, the
J. G. M’WilORTER
A NO
ItENRY MEALING,
I'lKLISHKP.S.
or $6 Ou at the **.x pi ration of the year.
Ad\’ort»s-pio«ntH not exceeding a square, inserted the
q,i*;l tune, or itZ 1-ii cents, and 4U d-4 ccnla for each con-
FS-ZSISSOTS SIESSAGE.
Washington, Dec. 4, 1827
Th“ Prrsidoni of the United Slates transmitted,
•his day, to both Houses of Congress, the follow-
i ig Message:
' To the Senate and House o f Representa
tives of the United States:
Fxllcw-Citizens of the Senate,
and of the House of Representatives :
A revolution of the seasons has nearly
been completed since the Representatives
of she People and States of this Union
were last .assembled at this place, to deli
berate and to act upon the common im
portant interests of tlieir constituents. In
that interval, the never slumbering eye of
a wise and beneficent Providence has con-
by an instaneous conformity to them. At
a subsequent period, it has been intimated
that the new exclusion was in resentment,
because a prior Act of Parliament, of
1822, opening certain colonial ports, un
der heavy and burdensome restrictions, to
vessels of the United States, bad not been
reciprocated by an admission of British
vessels from the colonies, and their car
goes, without any restriction or discrimi-
ination whatever. But, be the motive for
cede liberally that which is adapted to ( the interdiction what it may, the British
the interest of the other. To accomplish j Government have manifested no disposi
tion, little more is generally required than j tion, either bv negotiation, or by corres-
a simple observance of the rule of reci- ! ponding legislative enactments, to recede
procity.; and, were it possible for the j from if, and we have been given distinctly
| statesmen of one nation, by stratagem and | to understand, tiiat neither of the bills
| management, to obtain from the weakness ; which were under the consideration of
or ignorance of another, an over-reaching Congress, at their last session, would
j treaty, such a compact would prove an j have been deemed sufficient, in their con-
iucetitive to war rather than a bond ofl cessions, to have been rewarded by any
Act of Parliament, opening the coloniaj J result of which will, if successful, be also
ports upon eertain conditions, had not —4imi»tp4 to t!>f Ssnato fnr tlioirrniidd-
been grasped at with snfiicient eagerness
peace. Our Conventions with Great
Britain are founded upon the principles of
reciprocity. The commercial intercourse
between the two countries is greater in
magnitude and amount than between any
relaxation from the British interdict. It
is one of the inconveniences inseparably
connected with the attempt to adjust, by
submitted to the Senate for their consid
eration.
Since the accession of the Emperor
Nicholas to the Imperial throoe ofal! the
Russias, the friendly dispositions towards
the United States, so constantly manifest
ed by his predecessor, have continued un
abated ; and have been recently testified
by the appointment of a Minister Plenipo
tentiary to reside at this place. From
the interest taken by this Sovereign in be
half of the suffering Greeks, and from the
spirit with which others of the Great Eu
ropean Powers are co-operating with him,
the friends of freedom and of humanity
may indulge the hope, that they will ob
tain relief from that most unequal of con
flicts. which they have so long and so gal
lantly sustained. That they will enjoy
the blessing of self-government, whieh.by
their sufferings in the cause of liberty, they
have richly earned ; and that their inde
pendence will be secured by those liberal
institutions, of which their country fur
nished Nits earliest examples in the history
of mankind, and which have consecrated
tives whiefr operated exclusively upon the lu the Treaty, followed by indicati
reciprocal legislation, interests ot this na- ; j 0 immortal remembrance the very soil
turn, that neither party can know what , f or which they are now again profusely
two oilier nations on the globe. It is, for . would be satisfactory to the other , anu pouring forth their blood. The svtnpa
tinued its mtardian care over'the welfare I purposes of benefit or advantage to j that, after enacting a statute tor the avow- j thies which the People and Government
■four beloved country The blessing ef! as precious, and, in all probability, ed and sincere purpose of conciliation, it i of the United States have so warmly in-
* far more extensive, than if the parties j will generally be found utterly inadequate dulsred with their cause, have been ac-
were still constituent parts of one and the j to the expectations of the other party, and -j knowledged bv their Government, in a
same nation. Treaties between such j will terminate in mutual disappointment, j letter of thanks, which I have recived
States, regulating the intercourse of peace The session of Congress having ternti- j from their illustrious President, a transla-
betweeu them, and adjusting interests of j rj -ited without any act upon the subject, a 1 ti®n of which is now communicsted to
such transcendent importance to both, • Proclamation was issued on the i7ih ol Cotigress, the Representatives of that na-
wiiich have been found, in a long expe- ; March last, conformably to the provisions tion to whom this tribute of gratitude was
rience of years, mutually advantageous, | Q f t j, e 6th section of the Act of 1st March, intended to be paid, and to whom it was
Should not be liglillv cancelled or oiscon- j 1823, declaring the fact that the trade and i justly due.
tinued. Two Conventions, for continu- j intercourse, authorized by the British Act | In the American hemisphere* the cause
t 1. . nli.ivomatifinndrl fiai’P . T Tl _ . 1 • f j . t T < L ..
The blessing ef | ,? ut
health has continued generally to prevail Ul molt '
throughout the land. The blessing of
peace with onr brethren of the human
race has been enjoyed without iuterrup.
lion ; internal quiet has left r.ur fello w -
citizens, in the full enjoyment of all their
rights, and in the free exercise of all their
faculties, to jiursne the impulse of their
nature, and the obligation of their duty,
in the improvement of tlieit own rondi-
mind of the officer who resorted to it, have
not been disapproved by me.' The Bra
silian Government, however, complained
of it as a measure for which no adequate
intentional cause had been given by them;
and upon an explicit assurance, thtough
their Charge d’Affaires, residinghete,that
a successor, to the late Representative of
the United States near that Government,
the appointment of whom they desired,
should be received and treated with the
respect due to his character, and that in
demnity should be promptly made for all
injuries inflicted on citizens of the United
States, or their property, contrary Ho the
laws of nations, a temporary commission
as Charge d’Affaires to that country has
been issued, which ir is hoped will entire
ly restore the ordinary diplomatic inter
course between the two Governments, ■ ty and operation of our laws, and err
and thej friendly relations between their I appearance of purposed hostility f ron
respective nations. J those Indian tribes has subsided.
Turning from the momentous concerns of J Although the present organization of
our Union, in its intercourse with foreign ! the Army, and the administration of it-
are upon the
ions
a menacing character, among other inb e '
of the same region, rendered necessary an
immediate display of the defensive and
protective force of the Union in that q uar .
ter. It was accordingly exhibited by t j^
immediate and concerted movements of
the Govern >rs of the State of Illinois an( j
ofthe Territory of Michigan, and comp^
tent levies of militia tinder their authority
with a corps of seven hundred men, nf it’
Slates troops, under the command/sf Ge
neral Atkinson, who, at the call of Gover
nor Cass, immediately repaired to th e
scene of danger, from their Station at St
Louis. Their presence dispelled the a-
larnts of our fellow-citizens on those bor
ders ami overawed the hostile purposes of
the Indians. The perpetrators of the
murders were surrendered to the nuj!
‘fi
liations, to those of the deepest interest
in the administration ofour internal affairs
we find the revenues of the present year
corresponding as nearly as might be ex
pected to the anticipations ofthe last, and
presenting an aspect still more favorable
in the promise of the next. The balance
in tlie Treasury, on the first of January
last, was six millions three hundred and
in force those abovementioned, have
been concluded between the Plenipoten
tiaries of tlio two Governments, on the
6ih of August last, and will be forthwith
laid before the Senate for the exercise of
their constitutional authority concerning
them.
In the execution of the Treaties of
Peace, of November 1782, and Septem
ber, 1783, between the U. States and
Great Britain, and which terminated the
war of our Independence, a line of boun
dary was drawn as the demarcation of
territory between the two countries, ex
tending over near twenty degrees of lati
tude, and ranging over seas, lakes, and
! mountains, then very imperfectly explor
ed, and scarcely opened to the geogra
phical knowledge ofthe age. In the pro
gress of discovery and settlement bv both
parties, since that time, several questions
of boundary, between their respective
Territories, have arisen, which have bean
found of exceedingly difficult adjustment.
At the close of the last war with Great
Britain, four of these questions pressed
themselves upon the consideration of the
negotiators of the Treaty of Ghent, but
without the means of concluding a defini
tive arrangement concerning them. They
were referred to three separate Commis
sions, consisting of two Commissioners,
one appointed by each party, to oxamine
and decide upon their respective claims.
In the event of disagreement between the
Commissioners, it was provided that they
should make reports to their several Go
vernments ; and that the reports should
finally be referred to the decision o r a So
vereign, the common friend of both. Of
these Commissions, two have already ter
minated their sessions and investigations,
one by entire and the other by partial a-
greement. The Commissioners i^f the
fifth article of the Treaty of Client have
finally disagreed, and made tltpir conflict
ing reports to their own Governments.—
But from these reports a great difficulty
has occurred in making up a question to
be decided by tlie Arbitrator. This pur
pose has, however, been effected by a
fourth Convention, concluded at London,
by the Plenipotentiaries of the two Go
vernments, on the 2')th of September hist.
It will be submitted, together with the
others, to the consideration of the Senate.
While these qncstions have been pend
ing, incidents have occurred of conflicting
pretentions, and of dangerous character,
upon the territory itself, in dispute be-
of Parliament, of 24th June, 1822, be
tween the United States and the British
enumerated colonial ports, had been, by
the subsequent Acts of Parliament, of 5th
tion. Tlio productions of the soil, the
exchange of commerce, the vivifying la
bors of human industry, have combined
to mingle in our cup a portion of enjoy
ment as large and liberal as the indul
gence of Heaven has perhaps ever granted
to the imperfect state of man unon earth;
and as the .purity of human felicity con
sists in its participation with others, it is
no small addition to the sum of our na~
*4 in rial happiness,-at this time, that peace
and nrosperitv prevail to a degree seldom
experienced, over the whole habitable
globe' presenting, though as yet with
painful exceptions, a foretaste of that
blessed period of promise, when the lion
shall lie down with the lamb, and wars
be no more. To preserve, to improve,
and to perpetuate, the sources, and to di
rect, in their most effective channels, the
Streams, which contribute to the public
weal, is the purpose for which Govern
ment was instituted. Objects of deep
importance to the welfare of the Union
are constantly recurring, to demand the
attention of the Federal Legislatnre; and
they call with accumulated interest, at
the first meeting of the two Houses, after
their periodical renovation. To present
to their consideration, from time to time,
subjects in which the interests of the na-
. tion are most deeply interested, and for
•the regulation of which the legislative will
is alone competent, is a duty prescribed
bv the Constitution, to the performance
of which the first meeting of the new
Congress is a period eminently •appropri
ate, and which it is now my purpose to
discharge.
Our relations of friendship with the o-
tlier nations of the earth, political and
commercial, have been preserved unim
paired; ami the opportunities to improve
them have le-en cultivated with anxious
and unremitting attention. A nogrqiat'on.
upon subjects of high and delicate interest,
with the Government of Great Britain,
has terminated in the adjustment of some
of the questions at issue, upon satisfactory
t^rins. and the postponement of others for
future discussion and agreement. The
purposes of the Convention, concluded at !
St. Petersburg, on thp 12th dav of July,
1822, under the mediation of the late
Emperor Alexander, have been carried
into effect by a subsequent Convention,
concluded at London on the 13th of Nov.
1.826, the ratifica’ions of which were ex
changed at tha' olare on the 6th day of
February last. A copy of the proclama
tion issued on-the 19:h day of March lost, * l' veen ,wo Nations. ]>v a common
publishing this Convention, is herewith I understanding between the Governments.
Communicated to Congress. The sum of j j 1 '^ as agreed, that no exercise of exclusive
twelve hundred and four thousand nine ; jurisdiction, by cither party, while the tie- j tions between the U. States and France,
hundred and sixty dojlars, therein stipu- j gotiation was pending, should change the is coeval with the first years of onr Inde-
iuted to be paid to the claimants of indem- 1 s,ate l ^ ie question ol right, to be deft- | peodence. The memory of it is intefr-
nity-under the Tea»v of Gheut, has been j Oidvelv settled. Such collision has, ue- I woven with that of our arduous struggle
duly received, and the Commission insti- j ve 'Hieless, recently taken place, by occur- j for national existence. Weakened as it
tuted comformablv to the act of Congress j reiic< ^ s i die precise character of which has j has occasionally been since that time,
ul the 2d of March last, for the distribu- 1,1,1 .\ et been ascertained. A comniuuica- ■ jt can by us never be forgotten; and
ti from the
of Freedom and Independence has con
tinued to prevail ; and if signalized by
none of those splendid triumphs which had
crowned with glory some of the preceding
July, 1825, and the order of Council, of i years, it has only been from tiie banish-
27th July, 1826, prohibited. The effect
of this Proclamation, by the terms of the
Act under which it was issued, has been,
that each and every provision of the Act
concerning Navigation, of IStli April,
1818, and of the Act supplementary
thereto, of 15tli Mav, 1820, revived, and
is in full force. Such, then, is the present
condition of the trade, that, useful as it is
to both parties, it can, with a single mo
mentary exception, be carried on directly !
by the vessels of neither. That excep
tion itself is found in a Proclamation of
the Governor of the.Island of St. Chris
topher and of the Virgin Islands, inviting,
for three months from the 28th of August
last, the importation of the articles of the
produce ofthe United States, which con
stitute their export portion of this trade,
in the vessels!ofall nations. The period
having already expired, the state of mutu
al interdiction lias nga : n taken place.—
The British Government have not only
declined negotiation upon this subject,
but, by the principle they have assumed
with reference to it, have precluded even
the means of negotiation. It becomes not
the self-respect of the United States, ei
ther to solicit gratuitous favors, or to ac
cept as the grant of a favor that for which
an ample equivalent is exacted. It re
mains to be determined bv the respective
Governments, whether the trade shall be
opened bv acts of reciprocal legislation.—
It is, in the mean time, satisfactory to
know, that, apart from the inconveniences
resulting from a disturbance of the usual
channels of trade, no loss has been sus
tained by the commerce, the navigation,
or the revenue of the United States, and
none of magnitude is to ho apprehended
from this existing state of mutual interdict.
Wi»h the other maritime and commer
cial Nations of Europe, our intercourse
continues, with little variation. Since the
cessation, hy the Convention of 24th
.Tune, 1S22, of all discriminating duties i
upon the vessels of the United States and ;
of France, in either coun'ry, nur trade j
with that nation has increased and is in
creasing. A disposition on the part of!
France has been manifested to renew hat j
negotiation : and, ip -acceding to the pm- j
posal, we !: <• «xnressed the wish 'ha* it!
l might be < N'mided to other objects, upon
i which a go;-I understanding be'woep the
! parties would be beneficial to the interests
! of both. The origin ofthe political rela
tion of the indemnity to the persons enti
tled to receive it, are now in session, and
approaching tlie ouisummation of tl.eii
labors. This final disposal of one of ihe
most uaiiifol tonics ol collision between
thfl Untied States and Great Britain, not
only ttffi-uls ait occasion of gratuletion to
ourselves, but has had the happiest effect
in promoting a friendly disposition, and
in softening asperities upon other objects
of discussion. Nor ought it to pass wiili-
out the tribute of a frank and cordial ac
knowledgment of the magnanimity with
which an honorable nation, bv tiie repa
ration of their own wrongs, achieves a
triumph more glorious than any field of
fcjlood can ever bestow.
The Convention of 3d July, 1315, and
of 20th October, 1815, will expire by
their own limitation on the 20tli October,
1,628. These have regulated the direct
lion from the Governor of the State of
| Maine, with accompanying documents,
I and a correspondence between the Secre
tary of State and the Minister of Grc^t
! Britain, on this subject, are now conimuni-
j caied. Measures have been taken to as-
1 certain the sta.e of the facts more cor
rectly, by the employment of a special
Agent, to visit the spot where tlio alleged
outrages have occurred, the result of
we should hail with exultation the mo
ment which should indicate a recollection
equally friendly in spirit, on the pari of
France. Afresh effort has recently been
made, by the minister ofthe United States
residing at Paris, to obtain a consideration
of the just claims of citizens of the United
States to the teparalion of wrongs long
since committed, many of them frank!v
owledged, and all of them entitled,
whose inquiries, when received, will be j upon every principle of justice, to a can-
transmitted ;o Congress. j did examination. The proposal last made
While so many of the subjects of high i 1o the French Government has been to
interest to the triondly relations between j refer the subject, which has formed an ob-
| stacle to this consideration, to the deter-
! initiation of a Sovereign, the common
j friend of both. To this offer no definitive
j answer has yet been received ; but the
[gallant and honorable spirit which lias at
! all times been the pride and glory of
the two countries have been so far adjust
ed, it is matter of regret that their views
respecting the commercial intercourse be
tween tire United States an.! the British
Colonial Possessions, have not equally
i approximated to a friendly agreement.
At the commencement of the late ses-
France, will not ultimately permit the de-
commercial intercourse between the Uni- j sion of Congress, they were informed of 1 mands of innocent sufferers to be extin-
ted States aud Great Britain, upon terms
of the most perfect reciprocity ; and they
effected a temporary compromise ofthe
respective rights and claims to territory
Westward of the Rocky Mountains.—
These arrangements have been continued
for an indefinite per'od of time, after the
expiration of the abovementioned Con
ventions; leaving each party the liberty
of terminating them, by giving twelve
months notice to the other. The radical
principle of all commercial inteacourse
between independent nations, is the mu
tqnl interest of both parties. It is the vi
the sudden aud unexpected exclusion, by
the British Government, of access, in ves
sels of the U. States, to all their colonial
ports, except those immediately bordering
upon our own territories, lu the amica
ble discussions which have succeeded the
adjjpturi] of this measure, which, as it af
fected harshly the interests of the United
States, became a subject of expostulation
on our part, the principles upon which its
justification has been placed, have been
of a diversified character. It has been at
once ascribed to a mere recurrence to the
old long established principle of colonial
Ul spirit of trade itself; noj^can it be re-, monopoly, and at the same time to a feel-
guished in tlio mere consciousness of the
power to reject them.
ment of all external force against which
the struggle had been maintained. The
shout of victory has been superseded by
the expulsion of the enemy over whom it
could have been achieved. Our friendly
wishes and cordial good will, which have
constantly followed the Southern nations
of Ametica in all the vicissitudes of their
war of Independence, are succeeded by a
solicitude, equall y ardent and cordial, that,
by the wisdom and purity of their institu
tions, they may secure to themselves the
choicest blessings of social order, and the
best rewards of virtuous liberty. Dis
claiming alike all right and all intention of
interfering in those concerns which it is
the prerogative oftheirlndependonce to re
gulate as to them shall seem fit.we hail with
joy every indication of their prosperity,
of their harmony, of tlieir persevering and
inflexible homage to those principles of
ireedom and of equal riglit9, which are a-
fone suited to the genius and temper of
lhe American nations. It has been there
fore with some concern that we have ob
served indications of intestine divisions in
some of the Republics of the South, and
appearances of less union with one ano
ther, than we believe to bo the interest of
all. Among the results of this state of
things has been that the Treaties conclud
ed at Panama do not appear to have been ]
ratified by the contracting parties, and that
the meeting of the Congress atTacut-nya
has been indefinitely postponed. In ac
cepting the invitations to bo represented
at this Congress, while a manifestation
was intended, on the par of the United
States, ofthe most friendly disposition
towards the Southern Republics bv whom
it had been proposed, it was hoped that it
would furnish an opportunity of bringing
all the nations of this hemisphere to the
common acknowledgement and adoption
of the principles, in the regulation of tlieir
international relations, which would have
secured a lasting peace and harmony be
tween them, and have promoted the
cause of mutual benevolence throughout
the globe. But as obstacles appear to
have arisen to the re-assembling of the
Congress, one of the two Ministers com*
missioned on the part of the United States
has returned to the bosom of his country,
while the Minister charged with the ordi-
i nary mission to Mexico remains authorized
to attend at the conferences of the Con
gress whenever they may be resumed.
A hope was fora short time entertained
that a Treaty of Peace, actually signed
between the Governments of Buenos
Ayres aud Brazil, would supersede all
farther occasion for those collisions be
tween belligerent pretensions and neutral
rights, which are so commonly the result
of maritime war, and which have unfortu
nately disturbed the harm«ny of the rela
tions between the United States and the
Brazilian Governments. At tlieir last
session, Congress were informed that some
of the naval officers of that Empire had
advanced and practised upon principles in
relation to blockades and to neutral navi
gation, which we could not sanction, and
which our commanders found it necessary
to resist. It appears that they have not
been sustained by the Government of
Brazil itself. Some of the vessels, cap
tured under the assumed authority of these
erroneous principles, have been restored ;
and we trust that our just expectations
will be realized, that adequate indemnity
will be made to all the citizens of the Uni
ted States who have suffered by the un
warranted captures which the Brazilian
tribunals themselves have pronounced un
lawful.
In the diplomatic discussions aCRio de
Janeiro, of these wrongs, sustained by citi-
various branches of service
whole satisfactory, they are yet suseptibic
of much improvement in particulars, some
of which hare been heretofore submitted
to the consideration of Congress, and
others are now first presented in the’ Re
port of the Secretary of M ar.
The expediency of providing for addi,-
. , ,Ional 'lumbers of officers, in the two
fifty-eight thousand six hundred and ei<_ r h- j Corps of Engineers, will in somp decree
ty-six dollars and eighteen cents. The : depend upon the number and ex'ent of tho
receipts from that day to the 30th of Sep- J idijects of national importance upon which
(ember last, as near as the returns ot them
yet received can show, amqpnt to sixteen
millions eight hundred and eighty six thou
sand five hundred and eighty one dollars
and thirty two cents. The receipts of
the present quarter, estimated at four mil
lions five hundred and fifteen thousand, ad
ded to the above, form an aggregate of
tweritv-one millions four hundred thou
sand dollars of receipts. The expendi
tures of the year may perhaps amount to
twenty-two millions three hundred thou
sand dollars, presenting a small excesss
over the receipts. But, of these twenty-
two millions, upwards of six have been
applied to the discharge of the principal
of the public debt; the whole amount of
which, approaching seventy four tnillious
on the first of Januaxv last, will, on the
first day of next year, fall short of sixty-
seven millions and a half. The balance
in the Treasary, on the first of January
next, it is expected w81 exceed five mil
lions fou-hundred and fifty thousand dol
lars ; a sum exceeding that of the fust of
January 1825. though falling short of that
exhibited on the first of January last.
It was foreseen that the revenue of the
present year would not equal that of the
last, which had itself been less than that
of the next preceding year. But the hope
has been realized which was entertained,
that these deficiences would in no wise
interrupt the steady operation of the dis
charge of the public debt by the annual
ten millions devoted to that object by the
act of 3d March, 1817.
The amount of duties secured on mer
chandise imported from the commence
ment of the year until the 30th of Sep
tember last, is twenty-one millions two
hundred and twenty-six thousand, and the
probable amount of that which will be se
cured during the remainder of the year, is
five millions seven hundred and twenty-
four 'housand dollars ; forming a sum to
tal of twenty seven millions. With the
allowances for drawbacks, and contingent
deficiencies which mav occur, though not
specifically foreseen, we may safely e.>ti-
Cmigress may think it proper that surveys
should he made comfortable to the act of
the 30th of April, 1824. Ofthe survey*
which, before the last cession of Congress
had been made under the authority ofthat
act reports were made :
1* Of the Board of Internal Improve
ment, on the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal.
2. On the continuance of the National
Road from Cumberland to the tide waters
within the District of Columbia.
3. On the continuation of the National
Road from Canton to Zanesville.
4. On the location of the National
Road from Zanesville to Columbus.
5. On the continuation of the same
Road to the Seat of Government in Mis
souri.
6. On a Post Road from Baltimore to
Philadelphia.
7. Of a survey of Kennebec river, (in
part.)
8. On a National Road from M'asliing-
ton to Buffalo.
9. On the survey of Saugatuck Labor
and river.
10. On a'Canal from Lake Ponchar*
train to the Missisippi river.
11. On surveys at Edgartown, New-
buryport, and Hyannis harbor.
12. On surveys of La Plaisance Bay,,
in the Territory of Michigan.
And reDorts are now prepared, and
will be submitted to Congress :
On surveys of the Peninsula of Florida,
to ascertain the practicability of a canal 1
to connect the waters of the Atlantic with
the Gulf of Mexico, across that Peninsula
and also of the country between the Bays
of Mobile and of Pensacola, with the view
of connecting them together by a canal;
On surveys of a rout for a canal to con
nect the waters or James and Great Keti-
lmwa rivers ;
On the surveys of the Swash in Pam-
tico Sound, and that of Cape Fear below
the town of Wilmington, in N. Carolina;
On the survey of the Muscle Shoals, in
the Tennessee river, and for a route for
a contemplated communication between
mate the receipts of the ensuing year at j the Htwassee and Coosa rivers, in the
twenty-two millions three hundred thou- j State of Alabama. Other reports of sur-
sand dollars ; a revenue for the next, equal ! veys, upon objects pointed out bv the sev-
to the expenditure ofthe present year. j eral acts of Congress of the last and pre-
The deep solicitude felt by onr citizens ! ce£ hiig sessions, are in the progress of
of all classess throughout the Union for
the total discharge of the public debt,
will apologize for the earnestness with
which I deem it mv duty to urge this to
pic upon the consideration of Congress—
of recommending to them again the obser
vance of the strictest economy in the ap
plication of the public funds. The de
pression upon the receipts of ihe revenue
which had commenced with the year 1826,
continued with increased severity during
the two first quarters of tlie present year.
The returning tide began to flow with the
third quarter, and, so far as we can judge
from experience, may be expected to con
tinue through the course of the ensuing
year. In the meantime, an alleviation
from the burden of the public debt wili,
in the three years, have been effected to
preparation, and most of them may be
completed before the close of this session.
All the officers of both corps of Engineers
with several other persons duiv qualified
have been constantly employed upon these
services, from the passage of the act of
30th April, 1823, to this time. Were no
other advantage to accrue to the country
from their labors than the fund of topo
graphical know ledge which they have col
lected aud communicated, that alone would
have been a profit to the Union more than
adequate to all the expenditures which-
have been devoted to the object ; but the
appropriations lor the repair and continu
ation of the Cumberland Road, for the
construction of various other roads, for
the removal of obstructions from tiie Riv
ers &. Harbors, for the erection of Light-
the amount of nearly sixteen millions, and j houses, Beacons, Piers, and Buoys, and
the charge of annual interest will have ! * or l ^ iU completion of Canals undertaken
been reduced upwards of one million.— j individual associations, but needing
But among the maxims of political econo- j assistance of means and resources
my whon the Stewards of the public mo- i ulor c comprehensive than individual en-
nies should never suffer without urgent ! Uprise can command, may be considered
necessity to he transcended, is that of rather as treasures laid up from the contri-
keeping the expenditures of the year bmions of the present age, for the benefit
within the limits of its receipts. The ap- of posterity, than as unrequited applica^-
propriations of the two last} ears, itsciu- tions of the accruing revenues of the na-
A new Treaty of Amity, Navigation, j *ens of the United Stotes, and of others
and Commerce, has been concluded with ; which seemed as if emanating immediate-
the Kingdom of Sweden, which will be j ly from that Government itself t the Charge
submitted to the Senate for their advice | d’Affaires of the United States, under an
with regard to their ratification. At a impression that his representations in be-
tnore recent date, a Minister Plenipoten-' '
tiary from the Hanseatic Republics of
Hamburg, Lubeck,and Bremen, lias been
received, charged with a special mission
for the negotiation of a Treaty of Amity
and Commerce between that ancient and
renowned League and the United States.
This negotiation has accordingly been
half of the rights and interests of his coun
trvmen were totally disregarded and use
less, deemed it his duty, without waiting
for instructions, to terminate his official
functions, to demand his passports, and
return to the United States. This move
ment, dictated by an honest zeal for the
ding the yearly ten millions of tiie s uk-
tion. To such objects of permanent lin
ing fund, have each equalled the promised provement to the condition of the country r
revenue of the ensuing year. While we of real addition to the wealth as well as
■-* " ’ to the comfort of the People by whose au
thority and resources they have been ef-
lorsee with confidence that the public cof
fers will be replenished from the receipts,
as fast as they will be drained by the ex
penditures, equal in amount to those of
the current year, it should not be forgot
ten that they could ill suffer the exhaus
tion of larger disbursements.
The condition of the Army, and of all;
the branches of the public serv ice under j
the superintendence of the Secretary of j sus P endin c < j vea
fectcd, from three to four millions of tbo
annual income of the nation have, by ii*e
laws enacted at the three most recent ses
sions of Congress, been applied^A^jdjgut'
intrenching upon the necessitieiCTtF'Sfc
Treasury , witiiout adding a dollar to the
taxes or debts of the coinniuuity : without
me steady and regular
War, will be seen by the report from that
•officer, and the documents with which it
is accompanied.
During the course of the last Summer,
a detatchment of the Army has been use
fully and successfully called to perform
their appropriate duties. At the moment
when the Commissioners appointed for
carrying into execution certain provisions
ofthe Treaty of August 19th, 1825^ with
various tribes ofthe Northwestern Indians,
were about to arrive at the appointed place
of meeting, the unprovoked murder of se
veral citizens, and other acts of unequiv
ocal hostility, committed by a party of the
hotior and interests of hjs country-^teo-.! Wiarxebago tribe) ope ot those associated
discharge of the debts contracted in former
days, which within the same three years*
have been diminished by th,e amount of
nearly sixteen millions of dollars.
The same observations are, in a degree,
applicable to the appropriations made for
fortifications upon the coasts and harbors
ofthe United States, for the maintenance
of the Military Academy at AVest point,
and for the various objects under the
superintendance of the Department ol
the navy. The Report of the Secretary
of the Navy, and those from the subordi
nate branches of both the Military De
partments, exhibit to Congress, in minute
detail, the present condition of the public..