About Georgia courier. (Augusta, Ga.) 1826-1837 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 3, 1834)
2 T ll K C() UKIE 11 * J By J. <J. M’Whortcr. TERMS. This Paper is published every MONDAY, WEDNES DAY aud FRIDAY at’lernoou, ul 96 per uimutu, payable iu ud Vance. COUNTRY PAPER-Published every FRIDAY after rsju at s3per annum, in advance, ur H at the expiration •f the year. Ko SulMsriptions received for In.’s time than six months. ADVERTISEMENTS, not exceeding a square will be iaserted the first time at 7b eta.per square jiud 37 J for each conti. wanes. Advertisements of one square, published (Feelr.lt/, a 75 cents for the first Insertion.and sUeeuta, tor each conliu ■auee. Persons advertising by the year will .be cha' ped 30 dol lars including subscription nud will be euti led to ouc square in each paper. When persons have standing adie tisemeuts of several squares, special eontruets may be made. No deduction will be made iu future from these charges All advertisements must have the number of insertions marked on them; otherwise they will be inserted tdl for bid, aud charged accordingly. SHERIFFS, CLERKS, end other public officers, will bars - J5 per cent deducted in their favor. METALS. Upon what can we fix our eye, which does not contain a metal, or bear its mark? —Even the precious metals, how com mon ! though perhaps not quite so abun dant in the hauds of every one, as he would like. Over how many thousand feet of the surface of common things is gold spread? And scarcely a person is so poor, that he cannot find a silver fourpence; or, as the Philadelphian would say, a phip; or as the Carolinian, a thrip] or,, as the Mis sissippian, a picheoun. The tin mines of Cornwall have made themselves known by their inexhaustible treasures, all over the world. And what is there that does not contain iron? The rocks are colored by it. Plantsand ani mals contain it. It even constitutes a part of our blood, and of course circulates in all our veins.—What instrument or ar ticle is there in civilized society, which does not bear the mark of iron? Besides gold, silver, tin, and iron, we have copper, lead, zinc, antimony, biz muth, cobalt, platina, manganese, arsenic: all useful in the arts and comforts of civil ization, and many other bodies which arc called metals. And what are metals? What distin guishes them from other bodies? One thing which distingushes them from all other bodies, is their weight. The heavi est metal weighs 23 times as much as wa ter; the lightest of the common metals weighs more than 6 times as much as water. The metals also possess greater strength than any other substance; and iron is the strongest of the metals, and on that ac count is in common use where great strength is required. The metals are malleable] they can be beaten into leaves, Gold which can be beaten into leaves, 280 thousandth part of an inch in thickness, is most malleable: and silver next. Copper, lead, tin, and iron, can also be beaten or rolled into leaves. I’he metals are ductile] they can be drawn into wire. A single grain of gold has been drawn into a wire 500 feet long Iron and silver are exceedingly ductile. Copper, lead, and zinc, can also be drawn into wire. Metals are fusible] they can be melted by heat. Mercury is fusible at the com mon temperature, and at the coldest tem perature of the atmosphere we experience to this country. Lead, gold, silver, and copper, are melted without difficulty, iron with some difficulty, and platina with much. The metals are. soluble] many ofthe a cids will dissolve some of them, and all can be dissolved by some one or two a eids mixed. When once dissolved, they can be changed into various forms, diffu sed through a great space, and spread fl yer a great surface. Apiece of copper, as large as a pin’s head, dissolved in nitric, sulphuric or acetic acid,may be so minute ly divided, as to be diffused through a gal lon of water; and by the aid of a little am monia, give it a most beautiful and deli cate blue. One ounce of gold, dissolved in nitro muriatic acid with the aid of e ther, can be made to gild the whole sur face of a wire which would reach round the earth. Pho metals are, oxidized. Some of them combine with oxigen readily; it is even difficult to prevent this combination. Manganese is almost always found in the state of an oxid, and it is difficult to reduce it to a metalic state. Iron oxidizes in the common atmosphere, more rapidly if moistened with water, and still more so if moistened with an acid. Lead and cop per oxidize to a very slight extent in the atmosphere, and entirely by the aid of heat or some acid. There is a beautiful variety in the pro perties and consequently in the uses of the metals. The properties of iron, for example admirably fit it for edge tools,be sides manj’ other uses to which it is appli ed It is hard, strong, elastic,capable of be ing welded and tempered, and of receiving the power of magnetism. When the properties of this reefal, which is perhaps the only one essential to the arts of civilization, are known, a full explanation is given of the endless and in numerable uses made of it. The great malleability of gold, and is resisting oxigen under all ordinary cir cumstances, are two properties wisely and beautifully united in that precious metal, and in some measure, make ameds for the small quantities in which it is found upon the earth, compared with lead copper and some other metals. Most of the metals possess some pro perties peculiar to themselves,which bring them into use in some of the civilized arts and many of them are so important, as to render them deserving of becoming the subjects of separate articles in a ‘Family Lyceum, which desert will probably be awaiddedto them in tutu re numbers. TO THE PEOPLE OF GEORGIA Is respectfully submitted the following plan of an Institution, believed to be great ly needed. THE GEORGIA FEMALE SEMINARY. - GENERAL OBJECT. The great object will be to afford the facilities of a more liberal education than can be obtained in our Academies, and especially to those who way wish to be come teachers. CHARACTER. Ist. The religious character to be strictly} evangelical, but confined to no particular denomination. 2d. The literary character to be of high standing. LOCATION. This is important, and should embrace as many of the following particulars as possible. Ist. That it be central. 2d. That it be sunounded by a com munity, marked for. intelligence, and pub lic spirit. 31. That a liberal proportion of the funds be raised in the town and its im mediate vicinity. 4th. That the particular spot be healthy and pleasant, a little removed from public business, and so situated as ‘ o be free from all other incumbrances.* FUNDS. The amount of funds should be suffi cient to furnish the following accommo dations: Ist. Several acres of ground.— 2d. Building sufficiently capacious to fur nish from 100 to 200 pupils,-with all ne cessary public and private accommoda tions. 3d. Furniture. 4th. A literary and scientific library, and corresponding apparatus. DOMESTIC ARRANGEMENTS. All the domestic conceras should be ve ry systematic. In all things there should be a reference to this, and especially in the plan of building. The various do mestic departments should be under the direct superintendence of such persons as are qualified for the trust. In order to give as much independence and facility to the Trustees as possible, in organizing the establishment, and in order to avoid difficulties in filling the various offices from time to time, it would be advisable that all the furniture should be owned by the corporation. PRIVATE ACCOMMODATIONS. The plan which has been proposed for the buildings, is suited to accomplish the following ends: Ist. To give to the young ladies supe rior privileges, both for retirement, and for sociul intercourse, and in an eminent degree to promote health, comfort, and domestic happiness, and intellectual, mor al and religious improvement. 2d. To furnish each member, who may prefer it, with a small chamber exclusive ly her own. The great advantages of such a privilege can scarcely be realized, except by those who have often felt, that ’.hey would give up almost any of their common comfortsfor the sake of sueh re tirement as can be enjoyed only by assign ing to each a separate apartment. To most persons of reflection, the advantages would doubtless appear much greater than the extra expense; especially when it is considered that this institution is not designed for younger Misses only, but al so, and chiefly for the benefit of ladies of maturer age. FAMILY DISCIPLINE. The family discipline should be entire ly distinct from the domestic concerns. This, together with the general improve ment of the pupils in, and out of school, shouldbecommitteddirectly tothe teachers’ The family discipline should be very sys tematic, but of a kind adapted to the age of its members. The plan which has been proposed for buildings, is particularly suit ed to promote family discipline, to render it at once easy, systematic, and pleasant to all: Ist. It is such that the whole, family will naturally and necessarily be arrang ed in a convenient number of sections, each of which can be easily directed by an appropriate head. 2d. It is such as to bring all the young ladies under a direct and natural supervis ion. 1 his will tend at once to secure or der and propriety, and at the same time, to exclude all necessity of any thing like ap parent watchfulness, or nice inspection, even if the age and character of the mem bers ofthe institution should not render everything of the kind needless. SPECIFIC OBJECTS TO BE ACCOMPLISHED Ist. To increase the number of well qualified teachers for this, and the neigh bouring States. The present wantofsuch teachers, in the South, is well known to all particularly engaged in the cause of education. This deficiency is the occa sion of placing many of our schools under the care of those who are not competent to the undertaking. 2d. To exert an influence in bringing as much of the labor of instruction into the hands of ladies, as propriety will ad mit. This seems important on accounj of the many public demands on the time of benevolent, educated gentlemen, and the comparatively few demands on the time of benevolent educated ladies. 3d. To afford facilities to young ladies of piety, who maybe desirous of becom ing foreign missionaries, to qualify them selves, by a suitable education. 4th. To lead the way twards the estab lishment of permanent female seminaries in this country. That there are no female seminaries ofthis character is, it is believ ed, a fact.f Those which appear to have the most claim to such a standing, are so dependent on their present teachers, and their funds and accommodations (if they are indeed liberally supplied) are to such an extent, the property of private individ uals that it would not be easy to predict, even their existence, for any number of years. ‘None of them,’ says a distinguish ed Ajrierican wi’tei, have that pormanen cy of character, derived from funds or le- ' gislative patronage; and amidst the varie ty of State institutions,for every class of the ignorant and unfortunate, not one has been founded and endowed for the instruc tion of females.” And are not such per manent institutions greatly needed to give system and character to the present modes of females education, especially in its most advanced stages? And if needed any where, are they not particularly so in the south? It is an acknowledged' fact that we are almost entirely dependent on the North for teachers, and especially for fe male teachers. This ought not so to be. May we not therefore believe that the calls ofthis noble and benevolent object will be allowed, at least, a candid and patient hearing? Nay more, may we not feel as sured that all the friends of education will most cheerfully lend all needed aid to an object so great and confessedly impor tant? Muy we not hope that the mem bers of the Legislatue, at their approach ing session, will charter, and endow such an institution? Much praise is certainly dueto the enlightened sons ofGeorgia for w hat has already been done in behalf of education. But much remains yet to be done to placeour institutions on that high ground which their importance demands. Are there no Duncan G. Campbells, in our halls of Legislation, who will imitate the noble example of that liberal and en lightened statesman, and attempt to revive the spirit which his untiring exertions roused, and which, alas! seems to have ex pired with him, so far at least, as the cause of female education is concerned? Let such, and several such, it is hoped, there are, make it their specialbusiness to call up the bill, in relations to a female -seminary, draughted, if I rightly remem ber, by him. and which has been suffered to slumber on the table since his time, where it was laid, not from a spirit of hostility to it, but in consequence of the pressure of other business, which left not time enough for its passage that session— Let that bill be revived, and shaped in ac commodation with the above suggestions, or such others as may, to wiser heads, seem best. To urge forward this enterprise, it is im portant that some public spirited individ uals should be designated as agents, to en ter at once upon the preliminary meas ures necessary to ensure the accomplish ment of the objet contemplated. It is be lieved that there are many such characters in the State, who would consider it a pri vilege thus to act. In taking upon my self the liberty of naming some of these, I hope I shall not be thought either officious or presumptuous. Let such consider this not the call oi an humble and obscure in dividual, but of the State of Georgia— nay, of the whole Southern States. Will the following gentlemen, there fore, be kind enough to co-operate in ac complishing the contemplated object? For this purpose, they are respectfully re quested to meet in Milledgeville, on the 2d Wednesday in November next. His Ex. Gov. Lumpkin, Rev. Dr. Alonzo Chui 'h, Hon. Seaborn Jones, Hon. Wm. Schley, Hon. Seaton Grantland, Hon. Chas. E. Haynes, Hon. James M. Wayne, Hon. George R. Gilmer, Hon. A. S. Clayton, Hon. J. W. A Sanford, Hon. Thos. F. Foster, Joseph Bryan Esq. Rev. Mr. Sherwood, Rev. C. W. Howard, Rev. J. Travis, Rev. Jas. Shannon, Rev. Ignatius Few, Rev. James C. Patterson, Rev. Mr. Spear, Col. Henry Cumming, Gen. B. H. Rutherford, E. A. Nisbet, Esq. John A. Cuthbert, Esq. Charles P. Gordon, Esq. Joseph H. Lumpkin Esq. f' Washington Poe, Esq. ’ Mark A. Cooper, Esq. Richard K. Hines, Esq. Augus. M. D. King, Esq. Adam Alexander, Esq. Judge Polhill, A. 11. Chappell, Esq A. W Redding, Esq. J. M. Berrien, Esq, Dr. Reese. C. J. McDonald, Esq. Oliver H. Prince Esq. Major Jacob Wood, Asbury Hull, Esq. Dr. James, W. C. Dawson, Esq. M. H. McAllister, Esq. G. H. Young, Esq- Sampson Harris, Esq. Gen. Thos. Glascock, Dr. Hamilton. U 3” All the Editors of newspapers in the State are respectfully requested to publish the above previously to the 2d Wednesday of November next—and ob lige their humble servant, B. B. HOPKINS. Forsyth, Monroe county, Ga. * The subscriber has now the charge of a large female school in Forsyth, Monroe county. • A place combining as many of the above requi sites as perhaps any other in the state. + An attempt of this kind has been made in New England. But with what success, it is not known. The subscriber acknowledges his in debtedness to the liberal projectors of that plan for much of what is above suggested. Transmigration.— A party had met at a public table, when the conversation turned upon this subject. Mr. K. was a believer in the doctrine, and was expiating largely upon its points, when he was im terrupted by a gentleman present, with, “K. what do you suppose yourself to have been before you were L. K.’ “I don’t know, ’ replied K, “I may have been a hog for ought I know!” “Well,” rejoined his friend, “you have not altered much— only got upon your hind legs]” From the John Bull PARLIAMENTARY REPORT ON DRUNKENNESS, The report of the “Drunken Committee” was brought up an read in the House of Commons on Tuesday Evening; and as they say of farces in other places, was “received with shouts of laughter from beginning to end.” Luckily for the world at large, the motion for printing it was carried, else should we and our readers have died uniformed of its con tents. Ihe report is divided into thirteen heads. We have heard it said, that twor heads are better than one: we must say, in the present instance, one head would have been better than thirteen. The re port is ofthe prosy dosy order, and too long to be minutely criticised: a few of its leading propositions must, however, be noticed, The first head treats of the “Event of the Evil” and declares that, although drunkenness has been for some time past on the decline, in the higher and middle ranks of society, it has increased amongst the lower orders. This is quite in the course of things-habits left off by the rich are very generally assumed by the poor —besides, “enlightnenient hasgiven the lower orders a taste for dissipation: ‘dul ceest de sipere.”' This is what Lord Grey calls an accommodation to the spi rit of the age. I he second head, however, attributes increase to “many customs and courte sies still retained from a remote, ancestry How the retaining customs and courte sies from a remote ancestry should in crease the crime of drunkenness, it would be difficult to understand; but these cus toms and courtesies are mingling the use of intoxicating drink with almost every important event in. life, such as an niversaries, holidays and festivals, as well as in the daily exchange ofconvivial entertainments.” . So—the nut brown ale, the sparkling cider, or the generous wine are to be prohibited to our tenants and neighbors, when a babe is born, or a bride espoused the joyous scene of former hilarities is to be converted into a sort of a/c/e, and the babe or the bride pledged in the pure element. As for convivial entertain ments— y/e presume, ordinary dinners— which are exchanged every day, the un ha PPy guests, who are bidden, are, by the enchantments to be founded upon this re port; to stinted to that ale, so celebrated as Adam’s entire—or amongst the upper classess, perhaps the iner may be refined upon, and a man, after having asked a nother to take “water” with him, will po litely add the question “Hard” or “sofa” as one now talks of “sweet” or “dry.” In the very highest circles, of course the water cellar will be most carefully stored. On one side will be ranged the goodly hogsheads of Harrogate, barrels of Beulah, casks of Cheltenham, and butts of Buxton—not Powell Buxton, but pure Derbyshire,—while the tapernecked bot tles, morally rejecting the Chateau Mar geaux, Lafitte, Grave, St. Perray, Clos V ogot —and all such abominations, with which they formely filled, will open their dear iittle delicate mouths, and consent to be replenished with the latest importations from Ems, Baden, Pryinont, ahd Spa. At public dinners, where men meet and make speeches, (arising out of their “healths having been drunk,”Jwe presume the appropriate liquor will be “toast and water.” At agricultural meetngs, “bar Icy water” will of course be dispenced; at smart funerals, “ spruce beer” might be allowed; at christenings, “wilk;” and at weddings, it would be quite correct to let both ladies and gentlemen have their ••whey” The causes ofthe increase of intoxica tion, occupy the third head ofthe report, which are declared to be the cheapness of spirits, the faculities of buying, and the tempting appearance of the gin shops. We then come (head 4th)to the conse quences, to individual character, arising not only from the dram drinking ofthe lower orders, but “the prevalence of in temperate habits and pernicious customs” among the higher classes. To what the report alludes, we are at a loss to guess, but we must say, that its fire is levelled with a sort of double barrel at both our Customs and Excise; however, let us look at the picture. “Drinking produces destruction of health, disease in every form and shape.” That we deny—no man ever got tho rheumatism, small pox, measles, or tooth ache by drinking. “Premature decrep itude in the old: that is nonsense—decrep itude in the old, cannot be premature .“ Stunted growth;” that staggers us, a man would not grow after five and twen ty if he never touched a drop of wine or spirits. “Loss of life by paroxysms— drowning;” except a Duke of Clarence once‘in a butt of malmsey, and once or twice an exciseman in a porter vat we nev er reccollect the occurrence of any such events. “Burnings;” we admit that we do remember to have heard of an old gentlewoman in whose body an alarming lire out one night, which in a short space of time reduced her to ashes; however, in this case, the narrator adds—“luckily she was insured.” Life is shortened by dissipation, This, we repeat cannot be supported by facts: we again refer to the official returns. “Loss of personal beauty”— that, indeed ts worse than death—but here again we doubt’ Look at the Lord Chancellor— we do not mean to say that his Lordship is ever intoxicated, but he loves his wine —he loves his grog—and as ne makes no disguise of the fact, he caunot be an gry at our menfioning it; he is a Spad ling and every body else knows, a de lightful companion, and a convivialist in every sense of the word. Is his per sonal beauty injured?-Pshaw?—are there any symptoms of “Delirum tremens” a bout him?— His Lordship is a living lia to the insinuation. The revolution svhich worked the death of the last English King who was murdered on the scaffold, was brought about by just such a system of cant and gloom as that which the puritans of the present day are laboring at with all their hearts and souls. The puritanni cal Bills, 1,2, and 3, have been got rid of, and we suspect the present Report, and all its consequences, will share the same fate. Its facts may betrue, for all we know, but its inferences are errone ous, and as far as its allegations go, the official returns prove, as we have already said, that the annual decrease in this mortality of the British population is most extraordinary. One thing, howev er we do hope, and that is this, that if wine and spirits are to be entirely explo ded, the Committee to whom we are in debted for the present Report, will make a new one at least monthly; for in the ab sence of exciting drink, nothing we have ever seen is belter calculated to make men merry, and as it did, when it was read in the House of Commons, “Set the table in an uproar.” OFFICERS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY NAVY. AV e have many reasons for believing that the officers of oqjr first, or revolution ary navy, were in many respects differ ent from the present—different we should say, in dress, manners and minds. Per sons of younger years than ourselves may not imagine these things; but as we believe that the change has been as great in this service as a profession, as in many others of out changeful country, we shall herein endeavor to picture to the fancy our recollections. The men of that day did not pretend to, nor aim at that refinement of manners, or finish of education, which may now grace a drawing room, or embellish or turn periods in literary composition; but they had much, very much, of that mar itimejexperience andpersonal valor, which were of first rate importance in the turn of a well fought battle. In truth, none but such could present themselves to the service, where the odds were so fearfully against them; and where they were pro verbially said “to fight with halters found their necks,” as rebels against their king .and mother country. Such a crisis tended naturally to bring out only men of much tact for the hazards and stratagems of war; and the consequence was that men of better adaptation to their country’s ser vice were never found, and cannot hope to be surpassed. Their* unforms and habiliments presen ted, as we should judge by comparison, more of soberness and non-pretension than at present. Nothing like whiskers and trailing hangers were introduced for the sake of terror; and nothing like daz zle and glare of ornaments were display ed for the sake of catching idle eyes at lady balls; or kingly court. We saw them in the small cocked hats, without face— with hair powdered and cued—with coats of ample skirts, small clothes, and hose and shoes. As we remember some of them, they were of more frank and fami liar habits ofconversation and intercourse, than we now behold them- It was a part of their character, as well by hahit as by purpose, to be accessible; and as never jealous of their nobility, except in the presence ofthe enemy: then only they took high grounds. While we write, we think ofsuch men as Commodore Barry—old Commodore Decatur—Captain Tingey, &c. The first could be seen at Philadelphia, when in command of the United States frigate, (at the time of Washington’s administration, when we first began our present navy,) walking the line of Water street and Front street, cordially saluting, with a strong and full voice, across the width of the street, the most of the sea- faring and mercantile men he passed; his bright countenance and sun-glowing face beam ing with cheerfulness and goodnature, and crying out. “How fare, how fare you! ’ On one occasion we remember him kindly upbraiding the awkwardness of his men, by exclaiming before the citi zens near by, “Hy-te. ty-tel—What, all of ficers, and nobody to bail the boat!” Some of the officers of that frigate we remember, as able and qualified seamen, seamen, but who had so little estimated their own relative dignity, as to have been attached to the daughters of tradesmen in good repute. The Commodore himself had attached himself, incontinently fol lowing his own humor, to a Quaker girl, as averse to war and bloodshed instinct ively, as the contrary was the proper ele ment of the gallant husband. Old Commodore Decatur was a sea man of the most consummate skill and val • orous daring. He loved a fight, as some men love a feast or a banquet; he loved to be in the very midst of flame and smoke and destruction. We knew him, when he had become measurably aged; when years had sobered him, and made him of set purpose, thoughtful of that final exit which awaits us all, when in fact, he had become so religiously inclined, as to en courage religious meetings on his premi ses near Frankford. In such a time, we have learned from his own lips, that such was his spirit in early life, “that he loved more to fight than to eat,” and that the sight of a sail at any time, which presen ted the hopes of an enemy, and a conflict, gave the blood and spirits a glow of de light. Captain Tingey, though not a person of refinement by education, had it all by tact, and was in truth as easy and affable a gentleman in deportment, in genteel so ciety, as could readily be found. His manners were caught, from the variety of men and manners with whom he mixed, and presented withal a very suitable il lustration of what the most ofthe officers of the Navy of the Revolution could be in | “good society,” when brought to the dis-! play. We ought, perhaps, to add as a closing remark, that the mass of our Cap- tains which formed the Navy, had been disciplined to vessels of much smaller frames, than we now behold, and had been inured to service in much smaller seas than we now traverse. Before the Revolution, brigs and bri gantines formed the largest class of ves sels usually navigated. Ports like Phil adelphia and New York furnished but one London packet, and that but once a year. China and India Voyages were unknown, and packets to Havre and to France were not even thought of. Those were days of colonial and small things! We have cast together these few recol lections. in hopes that some other and a bier hands will endeavor to pencil off some traces of the characters and men, who, in days past, led us to victory and renown as a nation. They are national property, and should be preserved as pic tures to be valued, in our national gallery of worthies. Ina republican government; where the settled maxim is, that a majority of the people shall rule, and where such is the practical result of our elective franchise, there never can be any serious cause for complaint, whoever may succeed. When a measure is settled by the vote ofthe people to whom it has been constitution ally submitted, it seems to us to be the du ty of every orderly -well disposed citizen to acquiesce in their determination, even at the sacrifice of cherished opinions and personal predilections. If this is sownd doctrine—and we think it will hardly be denied by any partisan, however ardent and zealous he may be—then if equally follows, as a duty, that every one is bound to sustain the constituted authorities of their country, in the exercise of all their legiti mate powers; to yield them due regard and aid in giving energy and effect to eve ry constitutional measure of the govern ment, that is calculated to promote the prosperity, interest, honor, and happiness, ofthe nation. This course can never re* quire any sacrifice of good feeling, of principle, or of patriotism. It demands no slavish acquiescence in party dogmas,, or speculative theories for mere party pur poses. It requires no adoption or support of weak or impolitic measures ; but, oix the contrary, looks to a candid exposure and manly resistance of errors of all sorts, ano upon all occasions. And, yet, how often do we hear it urg ed, by our opponents, that if we adopt thit reasoning, we abandon all right of resis tance, and are bound to submit to every measure of the government, however ar bitrary, pernicious, or absurd, This i» not true in fact. It is a species of politi cal sophistry well calculated to render the people discontented and distrustful of their rulers, by denouncing their measures without enlightening them of their impol icy. It is well enough calculated to wea ken )he confidence of the people in the wisdom, if not in the integrity of their go u ment, and raise up a party against it, without a single manly or patriotic effort to convince either, wherein the govern ment is wrong, or the people oppressed. To every act of government that nates from constitutional authority, or that has the force and effect of law, as inci dent to it, while it remains in operation,, every one is bound to submit, whether wise and beneficial, or not. It is suffi cient, that a measure has a legal sanction to command obedience to it. In yielding this, we abandon no right, but only sub mit to the law, until by legal and constitu tional means we can obtain its repeal.— We are not required to give up our ob jections to its policy or expediency, or cease to denounce it, until by sound 1 argu ment and conclusive reasoning we have succeeded in convincing the people of its impropriety, and have relieved them, by lawful means, from its burthens, We possess the free privilege of opposing eve ry unwise or impolitic measure, by a full and unrestricted use of all the resources that reason has supplied us with, toge ther with the aid of an intelligent and in dependent press, only restricted by those salutary provisions of law, wisely ordain ed to preserve the peace and harmony of society, through which the weak or mis chevious measures of government may be exposed, their impolicy illustrated, and the necessity of their repeal or abrogation enforced. 1 hrough this channel our ar guments and views may be diffused a broad—the soundness and propriety of our opinions tested, and the people, and even the government, enlightened. But this is not to be effected by declaiming a gainst the government and its measures, but by showing good and pertinent rea sons for discontent, and just and fair mo tives for its expression. If after all our well meant opposition to public measures, while they are maturing, we are yet una ble to convince our rulers that they are wrong—and they are finally adopted and become the law of the land, the legal pre sumption is that we are in error till ex perience has proved the contrary. If a law of Congress, or a measure of government are bad, and abusing tdas Ad ministration and the Legislature, would render them tolerable; and lighten their burthen upon the people, that is so ve hemently complained of, how delighted must our opponents be with their griev ances. Almost every measure of the pre sent Administration, must, by this time,ba highly approved, and give vniversuZ sat isfaction. For those who aided and ad vised their adoption, and have support ed them since, must, of course be satisfi ed. And those who have opposed them from the outset, have lavished censure and abuse enough, in all conscience, to wash their political sins “as-white as wool,” even if their enormities had been crimson ed, ten times deeper than they are alleged to be.— North American. lhe higher the character a man has to support, the more he should regard the minutest actions.
