About Georgia courier. (Augusta, Ga.) 1826-1837 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1835)
2 THE COURIER, By .5. G. M’Wliorter. T E RMS. Thi» Paper is published every MONDAY, WEDNES- j DA> mid FRIDAY' afternoon, ul $6 per unnuin, payable : Mi advance. COUNTRY PAPER—Published every FRlDAY.nficr- j Boon at Sj3 per annual, in advance, or $4 at the expiration of the year. ' , No Subscriptions received for less time than six months. ADVERTISEMENTS, not exeorditu a nphire will be inserted tbo fir-t lime at 75cts.per .Kpiare and 31£ for each doutii u.oo c.. ... .~r Advertisements of one square, published Weekly, a <•> oenls for the first insertion, all i SOcjiils, for each colitin •aiice. , . Persons a IvcrtWn; by the ydSr w ill bcc.ia ged .>d dol lars ineludiuir subscription und w ill be onti led to one ■quaru in each pupci, . When p T.sous navi st.nndiu? ad< c:■liseineutv ot several iq«Bre>, .-pccial contracts may be made. • No deduction w ill he made in I’uUir.: from these Charges All adrerlisentenls ir»st have t'ic. miiub.-r ol in.si'rrioiiK marked on them: otherwise they w.-ll beju-erted ti.l for bid, and chart-'bd accordingly. ~ SHERIFFS. CLERKS'. >|<id ether public officers, wit hare 25 per cem deducted in their favor. Aikens, Geo. Jan. sth 1835. To James Camak, Esq. P resident of the Gr.O.Gßail Road Co. __ , Sir, —In Compliance with your request I have the honor tp coluffiunicate lor the information es the Board of Directors of the Georgia Rail Road Company, a brief outline, of the principal'facts developed, by the experimental survey ol the coun try from Augusta to Greensboro, and to Athens, which has just been completed. From a geographical view of the coun try, intermediate to these points, it will be perceived, that the waters falling into the Savannah river above the city of Augusta, and those into the same river below it, and , into the Ogeechee and Oconee rivers, are ; parted by a continuous ridge, and that the i general course of this ridge, deviates, but; immaterially from the most direct route between those places. From this ciretim i stance, it is evident, that, should the fea*' tures of the ground, along or near it sum-i init, be lotind favorable lor the construc tion of a Rail Road; its course would al-; ford the most advantageous location for ; the proposed undertaking. Ou*r expermeatal surveys were, there fore directed to ascertain this fact, —the result of these examinations has proved the entire practicability of the work on terms more favorable than I had anticipa ted. To leave the valley df the Savannah | and gain the summit of .this dividing ' ridge, at a point where it could f from j thence be pursued on favorable ground, ; was found to present the only important ( difficulty on the whole route: Our exam-i inations have rtot yet been sufficiently ex-j tensive, to enable me to state wi;h precis- j ion, the most feasible route by which we i can overcome this difficulty; but, from the' knowledge I have acquired of the levels I of the country, I can say with certainty, that this can be effected without an iricln ed plane requiring the aid of stationary engine power. The lino of our examinations leaves Augusta, nearly parallel with the course ofthe main streets, and continues in that direction, until it reaches the base ofthe sand hills,whence it curves to the left.and: thengtadually rises their south slope, pas-, eing near the Rocks, where it attains the; summit ofthe. ridge which it pursues for I the space of a mile. From this place to the Milledgeville road, a distance about 12 miles, the summit of /he ridge so fre quently broken: often rising much above any elevation, attainable by the maximum i graduation allowed on a judiciously loca-1 ted Road 1 At those points the line of the j survey was carried along the slope of the | Ridge, encountering several small bran- i ches of the Etichee which will require,; to pass them, some expensive work. After reaching the Milledgeville road, which we cross ata distance of 20 miles from Augusta,(by the Route traced) the ridge becomes even, and can thence be followed* without deviation, to the Sweet water. This stream • was crossed in the vicinity of Houley.s Mdl,s; it is be lieved however, that upon further examin ations, we will be able either to head this, creek entirely, or cross it at a more nor thern position, in a line with a general direction of the ridge, and thus consider ably shorten the length ofthe road. Shortly after leaving the Sweet water the line traced, again takes the ridge, which it pursues without interruption, o ver ground lor the most part offering un usual facilities Tor theteasy graduation and construction of a railway, passing 4 1-2 | miles to the right of. Warrenton, near; the Salem M. H. through Crawfordville near Burke’s M. 11. and reaches a poifit ■ in Thornton’s field,- which affords the ! greatest advantages to diverge towards Greensboro at a distance of 73 1-2 miles from Augusta. The.route to Greensboro.’ might be carried along the high ground dividing Ogeechee and Oconee rivers, a branch of! the main ridge over an even surface, for* the whole distance; but iisj.ll is cours ewould be somewhat circuitous at its commence- 1 inent, it is preferable to leave the.summit of the'ridge for a short distance, and cross the head ofthe Ogechee a little above the Washington Rond:'after which we imine diatcly regain the ridge, mid follow it to: the village. The length of this line is 7 1-2 miles, pinking the whole distance from Augusta to Greensboro’ 81 miles Returning to Thornton’s we continued our survey towards Athens, along the summit ofthe Main Ridge, passing near Swanson and Tuggle.s store south of Beman’s store, near Major Bell’s and through several other plantations to that of the late Judge Crawford, in which it crossesthe Athens and Washington Road about 3 I-2 miles from Lexington, and thence* near the Toad to Gen. Pope’s whore we leave it to the left, and pass in a very direct course to the head of Big Shoal creek near Col. Jackson’s. Here we curve to the left.and intersecting the,creek about 200 yards from its source, take the ridge fora short distance, and then fall a long the western slope of Buck branch, to the valley of Trail creek, which is pursu- ed to the Oconee river—the descent from the ridge of the Oconee can be accomplish cd nt a graduation of 30 feet per mile, allowing for a bridge over the river of 45 feet in height;—in descending upon this I inclination we cross several small tributa- I ries of Buck branch and Trail creek which will require bridging. The length ofthe line from the Greens boro’ road to Athens, is 38 1-2, waking the distance from'Augnsta to Athens.l 12 miles. The surface of the ground, on this portion of the route, is more favorable than on any other part ofthe lineofcqual extent. ’ The ascents and descents ofthe whole road, will, in general, be very moderate: at to point (except probably fora short distance hear A'ugffsfo) will it be necessa ry to exceed a rise of 8 inches to the 100 feet; twd even, this inclination will be sel dom adopted, - When we consider the great extent of country to be passed over by thisroad, and the broken nature ofthe ground on' eith- 1 er side of its course, it is hardly to be credited, that a graduated road, well a dapted for the advantageous use of loco motive steam power, could be obtained, which is entirely freed from the continual expense, detention and risk attending in clined planes, requiring stationary steam engine power. But such is the fact; and I*refer to it more particularly, from the circumstance, that a parallel case can not be found on any route ol railway, eith er completed, or in contemplation, of equal length. The follo ving summary of an estimate of the probable cost of constructing your rail road, on the plan of a permanently graduated road bed, is predicated on pri ces that are known to have proved fully sufficient, under circumstances more unfa vorable than are likelys to occur’ on this route; it may’- therefore be taken as the maximum possible cost ofthe work, if ju diciously managed. The cost of that portion of the road from Augusta to the paint of diverging to Greensboro’ 73 1-2 miles, at $9,800 per mile. $720,000 From thence to Greensboro,’ 7 1-2 miles, at $9,000 per mile, 67,500 From the Greensboro’ road to Athens, 38 1-2 miles, at $9,000 346,500 $1,134,000 In calculating the cost of the super structure in the above estimate, I have as sumed for the data the plan adopted at the North on the most permanent wooden rail roads —the longitudinal sills or rails, 6 by 8 inChes, of heart pine, supported by cross ties of lightwood, white oak, or oth er suitable timber placed four feet apart— the iron bar to be 1-4 by 5-8 in ches,— In conclusion I will remark, thta from my’observation and inquiries while in Augusta fortifiedjby the large amount of transportation which I personally wit nessed during the progress of our survey passing directly in a line with the propos ed undertaking, I do not entertain a doubt that the revenue to be derived from these sources, will when the road is in com plete operation yield an interest bn the capital invested, fully equal to any reason hie anticipations of the stockholders. In addition to these, the increased facilities of intercourse with the interior, which will be afforded by the contemplated im provement, must from the acknowledged superiority of the Augusta prices for the staple productions ofthe State, induce.dis tricts to seek this market which have hith erto been deterred by theexpense of trans portation thither. The invigorating influence which the opening of a new and easy channel to market has upon the trade of the country through which it passes, should not be lost sight of; articles which have hereto fore not been deemed worth the expense of transportation, will then be exchanged for others from the sea-board; which are now, from their cost, dispensed with. The profits from the conveyance of pas sengers and the United States Mail,always one ofthe chief sources of revenue on rail roads, must, from the geographical posi tion of this work, also form an important item in its receipts. Much might be ad-’ ded on this topic, but your superior infor mation on all that relates to this part of the subject, renders any farther remarks from | me unnecessary. : AU of which is respectfully submitted bv Your c.b’t.serv’t, J, EDGARTHOMPSON. pii.gme.cr in, Chief of the Geo, Rail Road Co. An Act to alter and amend an act re gulating the. commissions of tax-recei vers and collectors in the several coun ' ties in this State. • lie it enacted by the Senateand House I of Representatives ofthe State of Geor gia in general assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the : same,. That from and after the passage . of this act, the tax receivers and collectors in the several counties Th this State, whose tax does not amount to fifteen hun dred dollars, shall receive twenty-five per cent as son additional compensation on i what they are now allowed for their ser vices. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all laws militating a gainst this act be, and the same are here by repealed, THOMAS GLASCOCK. Speaker of the House of JACOB WOOD, President of the Senate Assented to, 32d December, 1834. WILSON LUMPKIN, Governor. The House of Representatives yester day, in a manner the most complimentary and gratifying to the feelings es Mr: Ad. ; ams, ordered to be printed fifty thousand copies of bis Oration in honor of the memory of Lafayette.— Nat Intel. AU G U S T A, ■i , i WEDNES DA ¥. •> ANUAR Y' l'l. ’ I '' —— l .i. _ 1 I The Superior Court, which was adjourned . on Monday, in consequence of the absence of Judge Scju.ey, w,as organized yesterday, and proceeded to business. The Judge had been detained by bad roads, and sudden indisposition, arising from the inclement weather. His Hon or gave an excellent practical charge to the Grand Jury, and placed his own and their du ties in.fl light of great importance and solemni ty. The following genllerpcn compose the > Jury of this week; CHARLES LABUZAN, Foreman. i Jacob 'Moise, P, Chi mp, • Wei-come Ai-i.en, E. D. Cooke, Wjr. H. M.ysAßftr, J. L. Coleman,. Rout. Campbell, N. Murphy, Edwarb Bustin, P. H. Mxntz, L. B. Beall, E. Broadnax, Thus. G. Casey, F. Blodget, A. Pillott, Jonathan Meu®, ! HbBT, Philip, ! The resolution of oar representative, Mr. Gamble, relative io dispensing with all Bank’ agencies in the financial aliatFs of the General Government, was laid on the table; yeas 10t>, nays. 97. , ■* A friend in Ndrfolk, lipder date of the 7th : inst. writes us, that the U. S. ship Vandalia wHI I sail first favorable wind for Pensacola, Florida. PANORAMA OF POLAND. This Painting has arrived and will be exhibit ed ,in the Theatre To-morrow Evening. Its ex cellence is spoken of elsewhere, in high terms of admiration. But sure we are, it will awa ken in every American bosom other feelings than inera admiration of the .artist. The migh ty subject ivill alone engross every heart—Po land struggling to be free. Here arc por trayed some of her greatest battles—here are shown some of the brightest scenes of her glo rious struggle—the battles of tyrimie, Grochkow, Ottfolcnka, and Warsaic. One of the most interesting portions of Mr. Palmer’s exhibition, is the Mechanical Figure of Napoleon Bonaparte, the histbry ofthe manu facture of which is full of romantic and devo ted patriotism. , \ . We understand, that James M. Wayne, Esq. has been nominated to the Senate ofthe U. S. for Judge Johnson’s vacancy on the U. States Bench. The resolutions proposing|he Hon. Hugh L. White, as a suitable candidate for the Presiden cy, have passed the House of Representatives oi Alabama, by a vote of 55 to 20. Mr. Lewis’ resolutions, instructing dbr Sena tors to vote for expunging from the Journals of the Senate ofthe United States, Mr. Clay’s res olution of censure, have been adopted in do. — Yeas 52—nays 25. Missouri is the only Slate in the union, which has not a bank incorporated by the State Legis lature. The only Bank in that State is at St. Louis, and is a branch of the U. S. Bank. The Senate Commute of Foreign Relations consists of Mr. Clay, Chairman; Messrs. King, of Geoigia, Mangum, Sprague, and Tallmadge. (Editorial Correspondence.) • WASHINGTON, 6th January, 1835. Dear Sir: To-day, in Senate, Mr. Clay, the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relation!, made a report on that part of the Presidem’s’Mes sage relating tothe Frenc htiaaty. He agrees generally with the views taken by the Presi dent, except the recommendation of a law au thorizing reprisals in the event ol a final failure of the Chamber of Deputies to pay the stipula ted amount. The report recommends that no action shall be had on the subject by Congress at this time, and assumes the fact, that the Chamber will do what it ought to do in this matter. The report is a very able one, embo dying a great deal of information, and in its general tenor, quite respectful to the President. The most objectionable part that I noticed, whilst Mr. Clay was rending it, is that in which it treats of Mr. Rives’ conduct, in boasting of the advantages he had obtained by the treaty.— In this, you could evidently see a great deal of party feejing. The IFAig party has evidently given up the chase ofthe Presidency. They are now mere passengers, taking for the pi csent, no fyirt in the management ofthe vehicle; what they may do after a while is an autre chose. Their policy is ho doubt right, inasmuch as they know, that there can be no hope of electing one of their par ty. But there.will now be difficulties in the dominant party, and of this the Whigs’ will make the most they can. Judge White, of Tennessee, will certainly be a candidate, a-nd so will Mr. Van Buren, I presume; andthis'l fear ,wiU produce'a-geographical division of parties, into North and South, which I shall be sorry to see. However, it is possible that .a ! convention, if one is. had, maybe able to leeon i cilc matters, and prevent divisions and collis ions which can be productive of no good. 'The I Committee on Foreign Relations in the House | (Wayne Chairman) have hot yet reported, nor Ido I knoAV when they will. Perhaps they are ! waiting to hear from Paris. No,exciting sub ject has yet been before Congress. Perhaps something may grow out of the debates on Mr. Clay’s report, which is made the order of the day for this day week. "congress? Washington, Saturday, Jan. 3,1835. IN SENATE. A Message was received from the Hoase of : Representatives, by Mr. Franklin, its elerk, sta : ting that the House had passed a joint resoln j tiou, expressing the thanks of Congress to John Quincy Adams, for the oration pronounced by him on the life and character of Lafayette, and asking a copy for publication ; and - On motion of Mr. Clay, the resolution was concurred in. The bill to exei'i >t merchandize imported in to the United States from the operations es the act of May, 1828, entitled an act in alteration of flie several acts imposing duties on imports,was then taken up as in Committee of the Whole. Mr. Webster stated that this bill had been in troduced by his colleague, (Mr. Silsbee,) and had been referred to the Committee on Finance, by which it bad been reported without amend ment. It had been beforo Congress last session, and had then passed the Senate as it had done before. He believed there could be no necessi ty for any discussion of the bill, as it must be well understood by every Senator, Mr. Wright adverted to the great importance I of the bill as a reason why it should not be pass-! ed, without great consideration. He stated the circumstances under Avhich the bill had passed, mid the reasons which operated to fix the date I to which its benefits were to be limited at the Ist of September. The merchants stood on i broad ground when they claimed i ofthe exemption until the Ist of September, be- I cause they had sent out large orders, which it; wpuld have been impossible t oqoun term and be fore that time. But there was an essential dil-, ferenee vVhen the extension was claimed now to I the 31st of December, being five months be- ■ yond the original time ptcscribed by the bill, j As to the amount of duties which it would be necessary to refund, if the time were thus ex- -1 j tended, it could not be ascertained without a I [call through the Treasury Department, and* I the four principal custom ’houses of the Uniop. ; The Secretary estimated that if relief were ex ’ tended only to thelst of September, it would re quire a re-payment of He had nffi ' learned that anV estimate had been made on the ‘ basis of the extension to the 51st of” December. Mr.Sillsbeemade some observations in ex-] ; planation Os the condition ofthe merchants, and ; the necessity of the extension of the time, but J ; we could pot dist inctly cateli the purport of his - remarks, so as to be able to give' an equitable claim to *:.e exemption, and that it ought to be ' \ provided. Mr. Wright and Mr. Silsbee mutually ex ; plained. ■ • The bill was then reported to the Senate without amendment. Mr. Hill asked for the yeas and nays on the question of the engrossment of the bill, and they were ordered. The question was then* taken on the engross ment, and decided in the affirmative, as fol lows : , Yeas.—Messrs. Bell, Buchanan, Clay, Clay ton, Ewing, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, Kent, Knight, Naudain, Poindextdr, Prentiss, Rob bins, Silsbee, Smith, Sprague, Swift, Tomlin son, Wagpftman, Vi ebster—2o. Banton, Bibb, Black, Brown, .Calhoun, Grundy, Hill, Kane, King of Alaba ma, King of Georgia, Leigh, Moore, Morris, j Robinson, Shepley,Tallmadge, Tipton, White, | Wright—l 9. | The bill for the improvement of the naviga tion of the Wabash river was then taken up for i consideration, as in Committee of the Whole. Mr. Hill moved to lay the bill on the table, . which was negatived. Mr. Hill then called for the yeas and nays, I which were ordered. Mr. Poindexter said there wss no difficulty in his mind in voting for the bill, other than that it was understood to have been introduced to remove the objections of the President to the improvement on the Wabash. He wished it to be understood that he had no such scruples as those ofthe President on that subject, and that he would not, by any vote of his, countenance so senseless a distinction, as that between a river ; where there was a port of entry, and where there was none. The President himself, said Mr.P., had signed a bill for clearing out the raft on Red river, where there was nothing but wolves and bears, for miles above the improve ment!; The President had signed other billsfor improvements, and what animals might be ben efitted by them he did not know. As tothe Pre sident’s refusal to sign a bill, fur the improve ment of the Wabash, until a port of entry was established on the river, it was one of those senseless distinctions that might suit the school of a certain class of politicians, but would find no countenance from him. The question was then taken on the engross ment ofthe bill, and dacided in the affirmative, as follows ’■ • Yeas —Messrs. Benton, Clay, Clayton, Ew ing, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, Kane, Kent, Knight, Linn, Naudain, Poinidexter, Porter, Robbins, Robinson, SillSbec, Smith, Swift, Tip top, Tomlinson, Waggaman, Webster—22. Nays—Messrs. Bibb, Black, Brown, Buchan an, Calhoun, Grundy, Hill, King of Alabama, King of Georgia, Leigh, Mangum, Moore,Mor ris, Preston, Shepley,Tallfltadge, White, Wright, —lB. The Senate then adjourned. * HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.’ , Oh motion of Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, it was llcsdlveil, That a select committee be appoint ed to enquire into the propriety ot" establishing i a National Foundry, for the purpose of fabrica- I ting ordnance of various kinds, suitable to the Wants of General. Government, and report to this House, by bill or otherwise. On motion of Mr. Clayton, of, Georgia, it was , I Resolved, That the Committee on Naval As- I fairs, be instructed to inquire into-tbu expedien | cy of establishing a naval depot at Brunswick, in the State of Georgia. Mr. Gamble subniited the following resolu tion which was read. : Besolrad, That the Secretary of the Treasury | be,directcd to communicate to this House, whe i thcr, in bis opinion, it practicable or conve nient for that department to collect,safely keep. ; and disburse the public moneys of the United : States, without the agency of a bank or banks; ; and if So, to report to this House the best mode, ; i.M his opiniaji, by which that object can be ac j.coinplished. i Mr. Gamble asked for the immediate cojaside - ration of the resolution. Mr. Polk said, if the gentleman would refer i , - ; io the report from the Secretary of the Trea§u [ ry, on the’mode of keeping and disbursing the public moijey; of which ten fhousacd cxtra-co-., ; piesxrereprinted, he wpuld find the information which he wanted in great detail. The report ; expressed the opinion that no bank of the -Uni i ted States was necessary to>aid the Treasury in its fiscal operations. It is stated also, that the present system was in successful operation. The Secretary accompanies the Report, not only with arguments that were, in his opinion, irresistnble, but with a full history of the opera tions of the Treasury. He could see no use in ; the resolution. The Secretary ofthe Treasury could only answer to- it that the information called for was already furnished. Mr. Gamble said th§ jubject of his resolution seemed not to be comprehended. His object was to see whether not only the Bank of the , United States, but all banks could not be dis ; pensed with by the Government in its fiscal ope rations. He was opposed to tire employment of any agent by the Government, except its own I agent, an agent that should be solely responsi- ble to the Government. His object was to as-! certain whether the Secretary of the Treasury could not dispense with the agency of any bank ! at all. He had seen no'project for keeping and i disbursing the-pubhc money, xvliicii to him did : not appear very defective, except the govern ment agency recommended by the President in , his message of 1830. The Government Bank there recommended by the President, came tip : more fully to his idea of a ptbper fiscal agent , for the Govermncnt, than any proposition he had met with. He bblieved, .however, that few j orujone,-either of the friends or opponents of the Bank of'the United States,' favored that plan. The friends pf the bank did not approve it, because the time had not arrived when it was necessary to look out for aTiew agent. But ; the Bank of the United States had now-gone down, never to be revived; and its friends, as, Well as its dptk>neiits, must make a' choice of another agent. -He wished to have the of the Secretary of the Treasury, ajul Os the whole cabinet on the subject, and to possess the Hotise fully es civary consideration whiehshouia irfflueircethcir jndgmhdm before we tcok'n-step ‘ , 'vhreli ke feared would be .followedby the loss | ; of a large portion ofthe public treasure. Mr/Camltreling said; the report of the Secre- ■ tary ofthe Treasury was Very able and very full ■ on every branch of the enquiry proposed by the ■ gentleman from'Georgia. He did not conceive that there was any very .strong objection to the adoption of the resolution, but. if it went to the | : Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary would i i in reply, refer to the full reportalready made on the subject. When the subject comes before the House, if any better plan than, that now in ! operation can be found practicable, it would, of J course, be adopted. But he apprehended that [ the pioject referred to by the gentleman from | Georgia, as meeting his views, would meet with ; but very few friends. Mr. Clayton rose to make some remarks, but I was interrupted by Mr. E. Whittlesey, on whose j , motion the House proceeded to the order ofthe I day, which were private bills. ( IN SENATE. Tuesday, Jan. G. j The following resolution, the day be ; fore,byMr. Calhoun, was taken upand adopted: Resolved, That a Select Committee be appoin j ted to enquire into th« extent of Executive pa- I tronage; the circumstances which have contri buted to its great increase of late; the expedien i cy and practicability of reducing the same, and the means of such reduction; and that they have leave to report by bill or otherwise. On motion of Mr. Calhoun, it was ordered that the committee consist of six. Mr. Calhoun wished that the Committee might consist of two members' from each of the political parties. For it is well known, said Mr. C., that there are different political interests in the Senate. That when he considered the ex tent of Executive patronage and influence, and its important effect upon our future prospects,he wished to go into consideration tree from all prejudices, and to give it an impartial conside ration. He wished the committee might be im mediately appointed. Mr.'Poindexter proposed that the election of tile committee would be postponed till to-morrow j morning. Mr. Calhoun objected. And so the proceeded to ballot for the ; committee, when Messrs. Calhoun, Southard, Bibb, Webster, Benton, and King of Georgia, I were elected. , ' . ’ We coppy the following from Mr. Dexter’s re port to the Rail Road Company just published. The line to Athens, after leaving the valley ofthe Savannah, is maintained to ■ within a few miles of the Oconee river, uninterruptedly, on a ridge for the whole distance. Leaving Augusta, it is neces sary to pass down the valley of the Sa vannah to Butler’s creek, in order to get an easy ascent to the high land, by follow ing up the valley of the Creek. The line, after thus attaining an eleva tion of4oofeetin 18 miles, maintains the. ridge on which the new Milledgeville j road is located, to within a few miles of Sweet-water, a distance of 30 miles. Crossing that stream several miles north of the Milledgeville road, where the val ley is of diminished extent, the line pre-' serves the ridge, along the Sand Hill road i leading to Crawfordsville, between the ! waters of various streams, flowing On the 1 right and lei*t«into the Savannah, to Mr. Wright’s, a distance of 50 miles from Au i gusta, and 3 miles north of Warrenton.-J I To Warrenton a branch, line could be constructed cither for horse or locomotive ; poiver. . From this point to Crawfordsville, a i 1 distance of I'6 miles, the ridge is main-. | tained, dividing the waters of theOgfechee oi. the south, and of Little river on the l north. • Passing directly through the village of Crawfordsvill, the profile is highly favo-; , table- to Carlton’s, 78 miles from An • gusta, and 7 Ynilesto the right of Grecns i-boro. * • - '• I 1 Here the main track, or Union road, I terminates, and the branch lines from A-1 ' thens, Madison and Jbatonton intersect. ; From this point to Athens, is a distance iof 36 miles. The line to Shoal creek ; follows the ridge; between waters of the Oconee on the one hand, and Little and Broad rivers on the other, passing by ! Beman’s store.'Ponce's, Mrs: Pick’?, Ma- i ! jor Bell’s, and Mr. Britton’s, following i round the head of Big-creek, by Col. : Thomas’, and the lion William H. I Crawford’s. At the reidenee "of Col. Thomas the distance to Lexington is be- ' tween 3 and 4 miles, to which place a- ( branch could be advantageously con- i structed. Thus, although the necessity ‘ of passing round the head of Big creek, t adds a few miles to the length of the main j line, we gain, by the consequent apprM-q imation to Lexington, a shortened lino ‘ and more favorable profile in connexion with that village. Leaving Judge Crawford’s, the line as sumes a southerly direction to Gen. Pope’s—thence passing westwardly and , crossing Shoal creek, (an inconsiderable i depression,) at Col. Jackson’s. The I route thence will be down one ofthe heqfi branches of Trail creek, along the valley of that stream, to the Oconee river, oppo site Athens, The river may be crossed at any point which may hereafter be decided upon; but as the distance from the ’Oconee to A' thens is less than halfa mile, the ascent, which is 175 feet, must be overcome by means of an inclined plane and stationary i power; unless some branch or creek be ta ken, which by a circuitous route, might afford a sharp ascent for locomotive use, This is a point,- which involving i/npor- ■ font cbfisidenitfons, other than those ofe ! conour-' in the location, maybe best deter-- mined Ly life Board of Directors, hereaf ter. ■' • ' - • The entire length of the Jine from Au gu&a to Athe ;s, by ,the route we have j described, is 114 miles. Before the survey was complete and the minutes cel kited, we had estimated, the distance at 165 miles, not then being a wafe, from the partial and impeifect in formation obtained of the necessity of ex tending the location through the valley of i Billier’a creek the head of . Bifr cre'ek, which has added several miles ! to-the distance. ' sos The course of the line, in following the serpentine and devious direction ofthe ridge, is sufficiently regular to admit of fffi'sy curvatures of not less than 3000 feet radius. ■ The profile is generally favorable; there with the exception of the rise out :of Butler’s creek, the rate of which is-1 in 117, and the inclined plane at the Oconee, no other ascents necessary exceeding 1 i» 150, or 36 feet in a mile. ’ Letters have been receivedin tenacity from different citizens of the United States, public as well as private men, now in France, expressing the most decided o pinion that the bill far carrying into ef fect the Treaty witn the United State* will pass the French Chambers. The proceedings in those bodies, however, a» sometimes in our Congress, are slow, and occasionally dilatory; so that it seemed not to be expected that a bill would be car-* ried through the two Chambers very-ear ly in the session. Every thing, at the la test dates, portended the passage of the bill. Nothing would prevent it, unless, unhappily, andnot improbably, the Presi dent’s Annual Message should reach Paris before final action upon the subject.- The King, it appears, has acted in per fect good faith; and has exerted in favor of the measure all the power which the Constitution of the realm and his political influence are able to give him.-Nat. In telligencer. STATE. On Wednesday, 24th ult. the General Assembly of N. Carolina, elected the fol* lowing gentlemen as Counsellors of State for the ensuing year; the number of votes each received, is carried out, viz. H. Skinner, ofPerquimonsco. 126 vote*. Lou. D. Henry, of Fayetteville, 117 * Daniel Turner, of Warren co. 114 "• Wm. S. Ashe of N. Hanover co.l 12 “ Geo. Williamson, of Caswell co.l 11 ’* i Allen Rodgers, Sr. of Wake co. 110 •' P. H. Dillard, of Rockingham 108 “ The whole number of votes cast, wua 188, —necessary to a choice, -95. The highest vote obtained by any one of the candidates on the unsuccessful ticket, was for Alfred Jones 80, —the others were, Jeffrrcys 77, Mathews 75, Marshall Haralson.69, Clingman 69, Iredell 58. Gov. Irdell’s name had we believe, beeu ! withdrawn previously to the ballottirtg; but not in time for the opposition to select another candidate, hence he was voted for j by them. We wot not if the opposition will claim "this election as a "whig triumph’.!’* The Councillors elected are doubtless known to the whole fraternity of whigs, . “black spirit and white;” their principles arc not “merchantable,” and their democ racy has not been “hid under a bushel?’ So that if a cqjtain whig Editor goes a mong these gentlemen “a wool gather ing,” he wilt be likely on his re:urn to find himself shorn! It will be seen that the lowest vote on the Jackson ticket is 108, and the highest on the opposition 80; Jackson majority 28 j votes! We have heretofore stated, that Gov. Sacdia was elected through the for bearance, and by the aid, of the Jackson party in the Legislature; that, inconse quence of lhe“offieiousness of tjie bank press in claiming the Governor’s election as a “whig triumph, ’ and t,he left-handed compliment which Ilis Excellency paid those Jackson friends to whom he is in debted for the official dignity wish which he is now clothed, in liis inaugural ad dress—much chagrin and mortification was felt by them: and that, could the elee tionbeea held ovej again the delivery ofthe iiiaugural a far different result wou ld have been * It was under ' these qire with the view of rc-assurlmg Hitur mwn principles, and , maintaining the cawstMsf the people, that theMeinocratic party 4«» the legislature found it necessary agliri to i*ally in their strength on the Cyiuncclfors, which they had not done’since.' tlfo triumphant elec tion of the Hon. Bedford B/qwu. Thn result is seen; the Uounaellors are all, in practice, democratic Jackson men. They are the constitutional advi j seis ofthe Governor; have a negative on I all executive appointments under the con ! stitution, and are “part and parcel” of the i “Executive” itself. Such, then, is the whig “executive” of North Carolina! COM M EH C I A L. Latest date from Liverpool,.... Dei!. • Latest frsm Havre, Dec. 11 ; NEW ORLEANS, Jan. 3. COTTON. —Arrived : Ince the 26th ixst.ef Louisana and Mississippi, 11139 bales; Tennes see and -North Alabama, 5151; Mobile, 1556; Lake, 49; Florida, 21(T; Texas, 110—together 18- 515. Cleared in the same time for Liverpool, New York, 451; Boston. 437; Philadelphia, . 113—-together, 7962 hales; makihg an addition tto stockvf 11453, and lea’/ingon hand, inclusive ' of all on not cleared on the first inst a stock <of 109,115 bales. Since the heavy sales at the close of last week.' the market has remain-
