About Savannah daily republican. (Savannah, Ga.) 1818-1824 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 19, 1819)
' -Congress vf die United States. IS SENATE Wednesday, January 6. , . Mr. Goldsborrmgh, from the committee -<if claims made Jin-unfavorable report on vlie petit tw- -»f Jacob Whetsell, who pray ed cm. prnMlicn far opening, of his own accord and at hi.-* private cxpence, a roacT : -froui yrookevillc, in Frauklin countv, ;in<ia.) to Fm-l Harrison on the TV abash. 'l'he President communicated a report ’ of the Secretary of the Treasury, made ;n obedience to* a resolution of the Senate of the 24th ultimo, requiring information relative to the effect of an ac t to suspend for a limited time the (ale or forfeiture of lands upon the receipts into the Trea sury, and the probable effect of r.ontina ingit in force for one year. 'The bill more effectually to provide for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States *nd flip bill further to extent} the judicial system of the United States, were reported by Mr. Burrill, from the judiciary committee, the fanner -with, the fatter without amendments. ■Mr. Oils agreeably 4c notice obtained leave, and introduced a bill tnexter.il the lurimliction of the Circuit. Courts of the United State* to cases arising under the Jaw relating to patents, which was read. The report nri the petition of John Troup was fallen up and agreed to. The Senate made some further progress -?n the bill to provide far the more conve nient organization of the Courts of the United States, and the subject was post poned to lo-inorro’V- Four bills and resolutions were received irom the other House for concurrence. Some of the orders for the day were .postponed, and The Senate went into the consideration of Executive business; alter which, it Adjjnimcd- IfOVSK OF HEPRESY-NTAITVF.K. :\Jr. IFilliams, of North-Carolina,.from the committee of claims, made, unfavora ble reports on the petitions of Elijah Leech, Esther Piatt, and Augustus Por- iter; and of Win. Henderson of Virginia; which were read and the former ordered to lie on the table and the latter commit ted to n committee of the whole. Mr. Crowell, from the select committee appointed on the petition of the legisla tive council of the territory of Alabama, i.n behalf of Tandy Walker, reported a bill to place him ou the pension list; which was twice read and ordered to lie on the -fable. On motion of Mr. Beecher, the commit tee on post roads were instructed to in quire into the expediency of establishing a post road from Newark to .Mount Uni on, ami from Urbana to Logan Court house, in Ohio. On motion of Mr. .Strong, the same com mittee were instructed to inquire into the expediency of establishing a post road from Worcester through West Hoyleston, Princeton, Westminster ami Gardner to Jtejnpleton, in Massachusetts. ii motion of Mr. Crowell, A Mir so l red, That the committee on the - public lands be instructed to inquire into the expediency of authorising by law the sale ot such townships of land in the Ala bama territory, as have been returned by the surveyors as not, in their opinion,' worth two dollars per acre, and conse quently not surveyed or oft’e.red for sale. The engrossed bill to authorise the President and Managers of the ttockviile and Washington Turnpike Company to extend and make said road within* the District, was read a third time, passed and sent to the Senate far concurrence. The orders of the day being then an nounced, a motion was made bv Mr. Smith, of Maryland, to take up, out of its turn, the bifl milking appropriation! for "the support of the Military Establishment, for 1819. This departure from the usual course of business requires the unanimous consent of the House. Mr. .Mercer, of Virginia, objected, and the question was therefore not put. Mr. Smith then moved to postpone all the orders of the day which preceded that bill, in order to take it up. On this motion a short debate took place, in the course of which Messrs. D'itliays, of N. C. Mercer, Smith, Storm, Tucker, Flnytl and Reed spoke. The re sult of the question was, by a small ma jority, to go into committee. > The bill in question embraces the fol lowing items of appropriation: For subsistence, (in addition to 200,000 dollars already appropriated,) 506,600 dollars. For forage for officers, 26,496 dollars. For clothing, 400,000 dollars. For bounties and premiums, 62,500 dol Jars. For’the medical and hospital depart ment, 50,000 dollars. For the quarter-master's department, 550,000 dollars. For contingencies of the army, 60,000 dollars. For arrearages, arising from a deficien cy in the appropriation to pay outstanding claims, 100,000 dollars. For fortifications, 500,000 dollars. For making a survey of the water cour ses tributary to, and west of the Missis- -sippi; also, those tributary to the same river, and north-west of the Ohio, 6,500 dollars. For the current expences of the ord nance department, 100,000 dollars. For the armories at Springfield and Harper’s Feriy, 3To,000 dollars. For arming and equipping the militia, 200,000 dollars. For the erection and completion of ar senals, to wit: forcompleting the arsenal at Augusta, in Georgia, 5f),000dollars; for -eroding a powder magazine at Frankford, near Philadelphia, 15,000 dollars; lor com pleting the arsenal and other works at Watertown, near Bostou, 20,000 dollars; for csmpletinsthe arsenal and other works -at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 5,000 dollars; for % levee round -the arsenal at Water- Uet^.New-York, 6,000 dollars; (or build- sowder magazine at Baton Rouge, i dollars. • - igj For cannon, powder, and shot, to fulfil existing con tracts; for mounting cannon and for purchase of lead, 191, 200 dollars To provide for the payment of the re tained bounty, and the per diem travelling allowance of pay and subsistence to sol diers discharged from the army in the year 1819, 92, 500 dollars. For the purchase of maps, plans, books and instruments lor the Mar Department, 1,400 dollars- For fuel, maps, plans, books, erection of quarters and other buildings, and for con tingent expences for the Academy at M'est Point, 55,640 dollars. For making and running the boundary line of the several cessions of land made by the Indiaus, 1.>,000 dollars. For the payment of half pay pensions to widows and orphans, 200,000 dollars. For the annual allowance to invalid pensioners of the United States. 368, 039 dollars. For the annual allowance to the revolu tionary pensioners, under the law of March 18, 1818, 1,708, 500 dollars. For arrearages arising from a deficiency in the appropriation for paying the revo lutionary pensions in the year 1818, 139, 400 dollars and 85 cents. For the Indian department, including arrearages incurred by holding Indian treaties, 213,000 dollars. For annuity to the Creek nation, under the treaty of 1802, 3,000 dollars. The House having accordingly resolved itself into a committee of the whole, a de bate arose, of a desultory but interesting < haracter, occupying two or three hours, in the course of which Messrs. Clay, Bar- Iwiir, Smith of Md. Trimble, Tucker, Mercer, IFilliams, of N. C. Lowndes, Johnson, of Va. and Johnson, of Kentucky, bore a part. A brief sketch of the Debate, but, brief as it is, too extensive for to-day, shail be given in our next. The result of the Debate was, that the committee rose, reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again. After ordering some papers relative to one of the items of the bill to be printed, it was, On motion of Mr. Mercer, Resolved, That the Secretary of War be directed fa report to this House the present strength and distribution of the Army of the United States, & to subjoin to such report the number a.id value of the extra days’ labor performed bv the se veral detachments thereof, respectively, in the year ending on the 30th ua v of Oc tober last, upon roads or other objects of, fatigue duty, together with a statement of such objects, if any there are. of a similar nature, to which-it is contemplated to di rect the labor of the ti-oops in the current year, distinguishing the sums expended on Hoads. And the House adjourned. FROM THE XEW-TOBK EVK.V1XG POST. OFFICIAL DOi UMENT The annexed royal order from tiie kins of Portugal to the chamber of commerce of Lisbon, is a doc ument which must be very interesting to an American reader. ROYAl. ORDER. Litbon, October 22,1818. The royal chamber of commerce, agri culture, manufactures and navigation, has received the following notification from the secretary of state. Government PnUtce, October 21, 1818. His majesty having ’earned that there nave arrived at the port of Baltimore, a areal part of the cargoes of many Portu guese vessel®, which having been captur 'd by the privateers of the people called Independent Spanish Americans, were carried into various ports of the United States, and from thence shipped on board ol other vcs«els under a dido rent ilag, and taken into said port of Baltimore, where more goods and merchandise belonging to the staie prizes were expected, and also' the vessels iheiuselves disguised and co v- red by other flags; and it being proper that the said merchandise and articles, and the vessels, captured by said pirates, con trary to the laws of nations, and carried into the ports ot a friendly power, should be there claimed by their legitimate own ers, according to the established forms of the laws of the country. His majesty has b -cn pleased to older that the royal cham ber of commerce, etc. cause all persons interested in the captured vessels and their cargoes, to be informed that Don Jo aquin) Jose Va®ques, the consul general of tne united kingdom, in New-York, is at present engaged in prosecuting those im portant claims, and that it is essential that the authentic documents and vouchers, which may prove the vessels and cargoes t" he Portuguese property, be forwarded without delay, and that the same person furnish the consul the funds which are ne cessary to defray the expenses of their re spective claims. The fallowing vessels or cargoes have already arrived at Baltimore Hainlia dos Arjos; San Joas Baptism; Don Joas Sexto, Muntalegre; Lord M’elliugton; Vasco don Gums; Monte Felix; besides many others; all which 1 communicate to your excellency, that you may notify the chamber of commerce, and cause it to be executed. God preserve your excellency. Miouel Peretha Kujijaz. To his excellency lion Ciprbn j Ilibeiro Freire. List of vessels taken and robbed by pirates under divers flags. Ship Marquer de Pombal taken Monte Allegre, do Ventura Felies, robbed San Joas Baptists, taken Lord Wellington, do San Miguel, do Raynha das Anjos, robbed of g82,00O And many others, the ntmesand P' ticulars’of which are not known. Since the above was written, the fallow ing vessels are known to ha?e been tak -Schooner Flora, brig Aurora, snip ltay< do Marcs, brig Kestaurador, ship Do Pedro, and schoone; Galdo&n. Some of the American vessels empl ed in the discharging of tbecaigdes are certain brig General Jack-on: a ship call ed toe Good Return; schooner Hebe, sc Good Intent, schooner Mary, schoonei Jane, schooner Comet, schoonei Betsey scliooner Neptune, schooner Cuba, and many otheis not convenient to name present. Urig Gloho, taken V;n.c«> <fa Gamma, do ll m J iao Sexto, do ltiz ilia, do -Paqaeto do Porto, do > Turao, robbed o. Ship Ceres do Douro, dp Brig Hum Paqoeto do Rey, ifa. Snip Santa Anna, do | New-York, Jan. 7. M’e have been favored by a mercantile house with the fallowing letter, received by tlie Rubicon, from Havre. Hnv-e, November 6. PRODUCE of the UNITED STA TE Cottok.—'1 he importations of the Uni ted States cotton iuto this port since the beginning of the year up to this day, amount to about 42,000 bales, which ex ceed those of 1817, up to the same period about 1000 bales. The difference in these quantities is considerable, and it must decidedly observed that it is this augiuen tatiun which has caused the decline which has lately taken place on the article. Our advices from the United States never led us to calculate upon such considerable supplies coming to this port, especially late in the season, the arrivals since th beginning ofjuly amounting to near 14,000 biles. From beginning of this year’s compaign. we have upon ail occasions said to our friends, and again repeat it, that prices America were too high for our manufac turcs: and wedo not hesitate toadvai.ee here ur opinion, that worse results yet must be anticipated fr»in the operations of th next Season, unless the purchases of cot ton, taking into consideration thequantity and quality of the new crop, are made more reasonable rates than last year. Our present stock is about 25,001) bales of all sorts, ot which 9000 bales are of United States growth. Rice.—The importation of rice during this year amounts to about 6000 tierces The stock oil baud is about 150 tierces which are held at 50f. but would sell' with difficulty at that price. The duty on this rain in indefinitely rescinded. Of the above quantity imported, a very mull proportion lias been sold far tli consumption of France, rice being in (hi country, in ordinary times, only an arti cle of luxury. , The chief part of the im portations has been -ce-exportcd to the north of Europe, at prices which have n< iven better results for the proprietors tan cotton. Notwithstanding that the advices from the United States announce a great, reduc {ion in the rice crop this year, we think if ill not be prudent to make large sh ; p ments of rice for our port, unless purclia can be made in America at very low prices, as the provision of corn in France will be abundant. Tobacco.—Every thing led us to be lieve lately that this article would render the best accounts on the score of the few shipments made from the United States for France this year, but the quantity take by tiie Regie at the last concours, which closed on the 31st ultimo, was trifling: it is however generally thought that the admis sions at the concour of next month will be more important, and as the article is gen erally scarce, it is probable the imports tions of the last season will be realized with profit. We wish this may prove the case; hut as lung as tobacco continues an article of monopoly in France, it will al ways be of difficult and very uncertain vent on account of the arbitrary terms to which sales are subject. Merchant /{all, lies ton, Jan 5. The letters per brig Warren, from Gib ralfar, which put into Pro.vincetown a week since, came to hand this mornin u A letter from my correspondent is as follows:— “Gibraltar, November I enclose you prices current, arrivals, etc. up to this date. The U. S. frigate Guerriere, cum. Mxcdonough, 40 days from Cronstadt, and 27 from Elsineur, ar rived the 12th, and sailed this evening for Massina and Syracuse. She exchanged ci vilities with the garrison on arriving. “The valuable Lima ship Prescnsa, has arrived safe at Cadiz, with a cargo esti mated at a million and a half ol dollars. “Prices Current at Gibraltar, Nov. 16 Cotton, N. Orleans, none and nominal; Pernainbucco, 850 per cwt; a parcel oi Maranham on hand, 846 per cwt. asked; E. India short, 19, last s:.„-; Coffee, 32 to 30; Corn 2 57iper fanegaof 2 1-16bushels. M r e have already presented to our read ers the letter from the war department to a committee of congress, announcing the manner in which it is proposed to expend the money appropriated, and to be appro priated, lor fortifications. Yesterday a report from the navy commissioners was laid before the house of representatives, shewing the liberal progress made in the solution of the ia-.v far the gradual in crease of the navy of the United States; and, just before, the naval committee, in the same body, had reported a bill to pro vide for the purchase ollive oak timber, lor building sloups of war and smaller ves sels. lhese measures, in connection with the construction of fortifications aim military roads, not noticed in the report and the establishment of po-ts on the lugh- r brandies of the wester u writer.., exhibit n intention to the permaneni defences »f tne country, ami a prudent forecast, which will give a character to the mea.-nres of th. present adiniuistr.it! . . Since no part of i.-„- United States can . ot internal itiq. m to find them uevor, ■! -■ external iuuuiD c, -.. severance cafauiute-i ■ of till tbjen- V in the design, and a proper expedition in I the completion ot the instruments tionxl defence. A reform ot. the militi. system is all that will be then wanting to ensure to us peace, by securing us ill means of repelling aggression, it attempt cd Whilst the general government thu moves on in its peculiar sphere, it is grail tying to witness the gradual but firm march of the individual slates in the path of in leruSl improvement. Among these,in the organization of her means, and the system under winch th- y are improved and di> pensed, Virginia appears to us to have taL en the lead. M'c have, with pleasure lourni room for tiie reports of the state ol her two great Funds far education and in ternal improvement; and sincerely wish that every one of our republics possessed means as ample, and the disposition to mi ploy them in the same manner as that en lightened slate.—Nut. Intel. MR. ADAMS’ LETTER. The pursual ot this important and valu able document, says the Natiuuul Advo cate,snould put tu rest the cavils respect ing the violated laws ol nations and hu manity, and husli to silence the interested bickerings of hostile politicians. Air. Ad ams is, emphatically, a cold man; his furte is judgment correct and methodical in all his detibrationx, he probes deep in search ing tor causes and unravelling mysterious events; but in this case, lie seems to have thrown off these icy shackles, and has soar ed into the regions of eloquence and me- taptior.—He felt the iudignities offered his country like a citizen, and iias expres sed them like a man. IVe have seldom ruad a more published feeling and ener getic letter; ami, although not much ac customed to eulogise men in power, we caiiuol forbear remarking, that since Mr. Adams has entered upon his public daties, he has notbeen diverted from themby anyex- traueous circumstances, but has proved, by assiduity, perseverance and talents, that he is a most useful, capable and correct officer, and merits, fully, the confidence which the people repose in him ARBUTBNOT AND AMBRISTER. FRO ft THE HEW TOKH COIUXRCXK. The iaw of nations, and the rules of civilized warfare, are those rules and con duct adopted and practiced by the govern ments of civilized nations. Their authori ty and force is derived from common and mutual consent. They are intended meliorate the condition of human b in a stale of war, to stay the unnece effusian of blood, to prevent the demur tion of pirate property, to put lie prac tie- ol cm b y. to pu»- -ct u honorable magua not appear in arms or teke an active part in the conflict, ami to a. it si the sword death when the prisoner has surrendered battle But the rules of civilized warfare ca only apply to, and their benefit he ciaime by, nations who mulitally adopt and practii them. The language of the best writer support this principle. In Vattel, a book of the highest authority among jurists, di plomatists and learned casusits, vol. 2. page 49, it is thus set down: There is however one case where life may be denied an enemy who surrenders, ami also capitulation refused to a plane. This is when the enemy has been guilty of some enormous breach of the law of nations, and particularly if i he at the same time a violation of the laws of war. This denial of quai ter is no natu ral consequence of the war, but the pun ishment of his crime; a punishment which the injured party has a right to in flict: but for his penalty to be just it must fall on the guilty. When the war is with a savage nation, which observes no rules, and never gives quarter, it may be chas tised in the pei sons of any seized or taken, they are among the guilty, that by this ri gor they may be brought to conform to the »ws of humanity," But it requires not the authority of Vattel nor all the other writers on the subject to teach us a doctrine which nature, reason common sense, humanity and strong ne cessity proclaims to all the world—a doc trine which none but knaves or fools vvi.' cavil at. For vvlio out a fool or a knave can pretend that a horde of savages, who have never acknowledged any common law of nations; whose profesesed mode of warfare is indiscriminate death and exter mination, who make murder a trade, and cruelty a virtue, have a right to demand from any other people, those mild and bcneficienc rules of warfare established among nations who mutually adopt and practice them. Can those savages make such a claim, who, without any previous notice or decla- atioo, enter suddenly into a frontier ter ritory and in the character of thieves and as sassins, come not to meet soldiers in the field,but skulking umlerthe coverof night, burn the log-hut, butcher the family, and reeking with blood, return to self their alps and their plunder to some other nest of viiiians who are base enough to receive it? Such enemies must be met on their own terms. They are on land what pirates an- the ocean. Their occupation is robbe- destrortion and murder. They show no lenity, and 'hey ask none. Their pris oners are either massacred anJ sculped on die spot, or reserved for some bloody fern L frightful for its cruelty h'u! its horrors, Of all the hordes of savages on earth, tr.e Indian tribes of North America are least I all entitled to compassion c.r lenity in lime of war. there Wans a ww ot extermiq ion,a war ol u- pitying, unrelenting, in. run mate, outrage upon every thing list tnev do t • oth t> must be done to ie:n in : eturuand rn.t.iu.itio.v:i< it»sever- or in, is but common justice. T.ey must taught uy repcled and dreadful lessons, • those ‘wio sow the wind will reap the rite md—Mat vvil'i ii. em forbearance to ' " Iv, srnl co.iqomsion'inadness. i el L.i • .••••> v. • pi-.hfi. ®; i>conduct, uc <• -ech V.J, : his fore fathers—such is his education and Hi* (rode. But where can excuse or pallia tion be found for men who, bieii tp and educated inn civilized and Christian coun try, cross the Atlantic to seek out these. Iiordcs of the wilderness, su,l by presents, brill ■, and promises of royal protection, •xcilethem to undertake new depredations upon the neighboring inhabitants? The situation of sum men presents a case not known or commented upon, in any of the acknow ledged books of authori ty on the law of nations. And what is the reason? It is a case of such baseness, pro fligacy and atrocity, as wants no comment, ar.d demands no rule—a case in which all mankind would ouiie in one universal cry ol indignation; a case in which the instinc tive feelings of every human heart, would dictate to sweep the wretch fromthe earth. It is not for such m :n to claim the ben efits of that law ol nations, or the Fules of civilized warfare. They are no parties to that law. Their case is not to be found in that law, nor is it to be tried, adjudged, or decided by that law. They are not even upon as favorable a footing as the savages whom they excite to the work of iiorior and destruction. They are volun tary outlaws, as it respects the great law of nations, and all the rules of civilized - warfare. M'Loever joins a horde of sa- *■ vages, identifies himself with them, expa triates himself from all civilized uations, ami like, a pirato on the ocean, proclaim* himself a volunteer robber and a murderer. He challenges his fate, and takes the risk of his profession, either to be slain in bat tle or to be executed as an outlaw us soon as taken. What rubs have civilized uations, from the earliest antiquity, preset .bed and ..nap ped in their conflicts with pirates, runners, and murderers, on sea or on lanu? Are not pirates always left at the mercy of thd captor, to be sunk in the seas, tobehun 0 on the yard-arm, or suspended oil a giubet if brought to the shore? Would the plea of being a British subject, or a Russian subject; or a subject oi the king of Spai^i or of France, or a citizen of litv United Stales, avail for a prisoner found in a pi rate ship, acting, cu-operating, and fignt- iilg with them? Certainly not. The law of nations recogn .z s (his case, and de- dares the pirates to be outlaws, whom any man may kill. L goes turtuei, and de clares it to fa-tiie inily »l ev. ry civilized nation t«--uu.iuc -• «1 •)e tn y them. But :. cast o! Ar-utiiootami Ambris- is sii g poini of baseness and oi.;; It. ih.i.i iftal oi any pirate or bu- . , a ;> aiesfau tiie ocean. The .re ■ s nut only the dangers of iii . knows that iu any armed , i oi i-;y i.i zed nati- u he meets a f a:iit :: ■}. o>. i. He lias no home, no inline., r > refuge, no h.ding place, but in fte trackless . '- •s of the deep, in the fury of t it stu or in t ie dm kne-s of the m ,ht. ! e is a ucro compared to tlicsor- . <1 and coward wretch, who for pay, I aves *iis native land, plunges into the re cesses of the woods, skulks for hiding- places in the d lls of the wilderness, and gropes his way to the Indian camp for the express purpose of instigating the hell hounds oi the forest to lay waste the abodes of industry and innocence, aud to feed the sickning earth with the blood of women and of infants. Such miscreants are not only volunteer outlaws, but vulunteer au thorised abettors of uncounted murders.— The blond of every sufferer comes home to the door of these purchasers of human scalps: the cries of the Infants, the shrieks of every mother laid low, call for retribu tion on tiie coward wretches who sent the savages forth. And when retri bution comes, it ought to come with its lasli of scorpions, its halter, ur.d its gibbet. It ought to come with swiftness and withcertamty. D lay is inhumanity— pardon is treachery to mankind. Had these wretches, when takeu in the fact, flagrante bello, a right to any other than a military trial, to ascertain the facts with certainty? They had no claim, as a mat ter of right, to any trial whatever. They had a trial, but that trial was a gratuity. Had-s-' they a right to claim the benefit of (lie rules of civilized warfare? They, the voluntary violators of all these rules—they, the as sociates, the advisers, the paymasters and setters-on of bloodhounds; they who knew that when they were instigating and advis ing the savages to the war, knew that they were instigating and advising the slaugh ter of children and the butchery of de fenceless women? Away with such pre tences. Ask any candid and learned-casuist if such a case as that of Arbutlinot is known in the books. He must answer yon that it is not, but he may answer, that in every case analogous to it, immediate death was always inflicted. To claim the benejitof the rules ot ci vilized warfare in favor of Arbutlinot and Ambrister, their defenders and the sup porters of their conduct are bound to sUoi^*" that the. savage horde with whom they co-operated acknowledged those rules and practised them. They are bound to show that they respected that law of na tions, and that it was a part of their law. It is not enough to allege that the United States have treated those hordes as na tions, as in settling treaties of peace, and in contracts respecting lands. They are bound to bring it home to the very prac tice of war. It is not enough to display the theories suggested by able writers, ac knowledge.! by jurists, and practiced upon by diplomatists, in the settlement of con- troversie.- between nations who acknow- i‘ edge, adopt, practice, and enforce those roles. They must prove satisfactorily that this law and these rules were adher- i to,adopted,practiced and enforced by Ik si vages with whom they co-operated. Can this be done? Their warmest defend ers ami most profound admirers, and the most virulent calumniators of' general Jackson, do not pretend that it can.— t hey made themselves savages, and worst.,, tha.i savagesf and as miscreants more, deeply stained with guilt than any painted. Seminole who ever cursed our frontier,'
