About Savannah daily republican. (Savannah, Ga.) 1818-1824 | View Entire Issue (July 3, 1819)
• Saturday Evening. July 3, -1819. f - " • i s UMlTKD 8TA TE8 OF AMERICA, JME, SOVEREIGN AMD INDEPENDENT. «rlet the rOUVTfl GP'JULTU ever sacred, Jr» now nil/, no nisforusne happen on Before thi* paper can Unissued again to ; 5t» readers, the day which shines most re splendent in the calendar of Republics: the day which ought, as long as we are f ree , to excite the most animsted emotions ■u£ a —- ^11—Iuumi Jetvnfrl niwin ll* Another year Jsa# goife around, and •|t»e live to hail another anniversary of American independence, Blessed day! Which gave ua to rank among the nations of the Earth, fi free,-sovereign. and inde pendent state. Let others commemorate the birth of kings—but for us, let us consecrate the birth day of liberty.— •• •'While Europe is scourged by her Ugiti Hate princes; while Asia is doomed to the drains uf despotism; while Africa skill sleeps :n the arms of barbarism; let Amet Ties still present her proud and free born spirit to the admiring universe. On this, «day, Ict us swear to preserve the liberties ’.which have been bequeathed by our gallant forefathers. Forty-three years ago, they dared bvery-danger which the resentment of a proud oppreaserthreatened to inflict— -it was their love of liberty, their public spirit, their bravery in the field and inte grity in the cabinet, which conducted them with glory through the perilous struggle. And shall their children prove recreant ts the virtues they displayed, or the liberties they achieved ? Then, let us remember that -the same virtuflj'fchich achieved our JibertieS) hire necessary to preserve them. Virtue alone is the basis of Republics. On the Fourth of July it has been cus tomary to publish ths Declaration of Ame- •$Jcao Independence. %We take opportuni ty to do so. Whether we regard it aS a monument destined to preserve to a parti cular people the memory ot their own in estimable birth-right—or as an illustrious precedent to which every oppressed nation of (He earth may appeal, when they nobly dared to HBtEL against tyranny and usur pation—it equally strikes us as the most deeply interesting production with which human .wisdom and virtue have blessed the race of man. Suffice it to say that no philanthropic foreigner will ever read it Without admiration and applause; nor any true American listen to it without emo tion* of sympathy and of gratitude to his forefather*™. ' AS premraiory .to inis instrument .. record the following pleasing revolution -.ary anecdote; together with a letter from Mr. Jon* Adams, and judge Rusk’s re marks, previous to his reading the Decla ration of Independence, in 1811. . fmv. tiovj.as tBegrtatAnuicertiiry It ought to be commemorated as the dat op DPtivEnsue*,by solemn aetvnr mevo- tion to Almightv God. It ougntto be solem nized with pomp, skews, games, sports- suns, bells, bonfires and illuminations. from out. end of the continent to the other! from this time forward forever. Yoo .will think me transported with en thusiasm; but I am not. 1 am well aware of the tail and blood, and treasure that •*. will cost to maintain this -declaration and support and defend these atdtesj yet, through pH the gloom, 1 can see the rays of light Snd glory—I can-see that-the end is worth wore than all the means; and that posterity will triumph. »hho you and I ip»y rae, which I *<*P« 1 ain, etc. JOHN ADAMS. The following were the introductory remarks of judge Resit, previous to his reading the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia, July 4, 18X1. Feicow-Citizexs.—It i3 row 35 years since ray eyes first beheld the Declaration of Independence; and it is^robable 1 waa thtfirst person whoaaw it alter it pas sed the house of congress. This day 35 year* in consequence of my official connection with president Hav-bopk, he , .i.iuiv a >uv -r. jKrF.nso.N’s manuscript copy «t this all-important act—an event coinmrmicated anil received with mutual exultation ami joy. After the lapse of in many-jeayt'and frequently peiusirg it, 1 still contemplate with equal admiration this nubjp- foundation of American liberty —anf it y<ntr request wilt once more read it ont this auspicious AnniVems.uiy Frescom in our Western World. Jr DECLARATION. THE BEGINNINGS “Twa* -the celebrated Samuel Chase, (he DgrtfMtheoes of Maryland, who first • taught the startled vaults of coCgiess ’bail to ro-echo the name of Independence. He had enumerated many a glaring in,' atance of JBrifisA dotation of poor Ameri can rights. On all of which George the ' third had looked with the most kingly calmness!—'Twax one of nature's orators ttho >pvU«. Such unnatural, such unpa- aeotal indifference t- Otoir *nt*Raat*.w*ll.. ed forth all his rage.- His countenance was like the dark stormy cloud edg- ■ ed with lightning—he swung his atm in air, and, witA s supplosiupidis and Voice ot thunder that uiaUd the hollow ■dome resound, he swore, by the Bod of Seiven, IIF. OWED NO ALLEGIANCE TO THE KING OF GREAT BRITAIN! . “The persons appointed by congress to draft the following famous bill were Thoxas Jcppehson, John Adams, Dr. FranXiin, R. Sherman, It. R. Living- *ton. On hearing their nomination to a task so high and arduous, they met, and, After some- conversation on the subject, parted, after an agreement that each »f their number should draft his own decla ration tof independence; and read it next '■ day, ‘in. rotation, to the rest. Ate fixed hour the next .lay, they met—but, "who should read first*” was the question.— THOMAS JEFFERSON was fixed on.** After’much importunity he was pursuaded to break (he ice HE READ, and—there was none athef TecdlP’ >» • FhOideUhia.Jnh 3. ifffi. “Yesterday (lie .greatest question wag decided which was qverilebatedin America; and »r*Ater, perhaps never was or will be decided among men. A resolution was passed without oka dissenting colon*, “THAT THES& UNITED STATES ARE. AN D OF RIGHTO ITG H T TO BE, FREE .nd U.DEPENDENT STATES ” v *e day i* pissed— The 4th of July, 1776. will be * memorable .cpOthr. in the 1 t.i»tory of America. I am Apt to believe it wiltbe ettebratei by snclgedinggtntrt- IXDEPEJb'DEN'CE. IN CONGRESS, J'JLY 4.1776. Bp the 72cprcjentuti-.ee of the United States Atnetica, in Congress assembled. A DECLARATION: When, in the course of human events,, it becomes necessary for one people to dis solve the political bands which have con nected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the se parate anil equal station to which the laws of nature and nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect for the opinions of mankind, requires, that they should de clare the causes which impel them to the separation. VYe hold these truths to be sell-evident —that all tnen-are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happi ness. That, to secure these rights, govern ments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of tin governed; that whenever any form of guv eminent becomes destructive of these ends it i» th« right of the people to alter or aUol ish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to offect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate, that governments long established, should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accord ingly all experience hath shewn, that man kind arc more disposed to suffer, wlii'e evils are sufferable, than to right them selves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a de sign to reduce them under absolute despo tism, it is their right, it is their duty to throw off sqcli government, and to provide new *heir future security Such has been the patient suiterence of these colonies; and such is now the necessitv which constrains them to alter their forme’r systems of government. The history of the present king <>t Great Britain, is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establish ment ol an absolute tyranny over these States- T« prove this, left facts be submitted to a can did world. He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the pub lic good. He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing im portance unless suspended in their operation, till hi. assent should be obtained: and,'wneri m suspended, lie has utterly neglected to at tend to them. tlrlus itluscJ btpsu other laws, foi the accommodation of large districts of people, unless, those people would relinquish the right of representa tion in the Legislature—a right ines timable to them, and formidable to tyrants only. He has called together legislative bodies, at piaces unusual, uncomfortable, snd distant from ifie depository of their public records, lor the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved Represcnfative Hout*. es repeatedly, for opposing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the people. He has refused fora longtime after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large, for their exercise; the state re maining in the mean time, exposed to all the danger of invasion from without, and convulsions within. He has endeavored to prevent the pop ulation ot these states; fur that purpose ob structing the laws for naturalization of foreigners; refusing to pass others, to en courage their migration hither, and raising the condition* of new appropraitions of land. He has obstruct.dthe administration of justice, by refusing his ascent to laws lor establishing judiciary powers' He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and theamonnt and payment of their sala ries. * ' . • t: . -. * Debts ert cted a msltUcde of new offices, ami sent hid.er swarm* of officers, fo har ms* oarpcojjlcflaiid ,* at out their sub stance. ... t .... He kasiept among us, vn times orpeaee (sanding armies, without the cooseut ot our Legislature. .... ■ . He has affected to rendorthemilitary in dependent of, and inferior, to, the civil power., He'has -Combined with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction, foreign to our Consti tution. and unacknowledged by our. laws; giving his.assent to their actsoT pretended legislation:— . ■ Fur quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:— For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murders, which they should commit on the inhabitants ol these States:— . For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world:— For imposing taxes on us without our consent:— ^ For depriving us,in many cases, ot toe benefit of trial by jury:— For tramp*, ting us beyond seas, to be tried for pretended offences:— For abolishing the free system of English law in a neighboring province,’establishing therein ar> arbitrary government, and en larging its boundaries so as to render it at once an example and lit instrument; f»r in- troducii g the same absolute rule into these colonies. For taking away our charters, abolish- our most valuable laws, and altering fun damentally the lorms of our govern ments:-— j For susp|pding our own _ and declaiiig, themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases what soever. He has abdicated government, there by declaring us, out of.his protection, aud waging war against us. He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, aud destroyed the lives of our people. He is, at this time, transporting large ar mies of foreign mercenaries to compleU the works of death, desolation, anti tyran ny, already begun, with circumstances of cruelty ami perfidy, scarcely parallelled in the” most barbarous ages, and total ly unworthy the head of a civilized na- ion. He has constrained our fellow - citi zens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. He has excited domestic insurrections' amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on (he irdiabitants of our frontiers, the mer ciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruc- tion to all ages, sexes and Condi ins. In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for redress, in the most humble terms; our petitions have been an swered only by repeated injury. A prince whose character is thu* marked, by every act, which may define a tyrant unfit to be the ruler of a Iree people: Nor have wc hern wanting in attention to our British brethren. NVe have warned th"m, from time to time, of attempts made by their legislature, to extend an unwar rantable jurisdiction over us. We have eininded them of the circ uastances of our emigration 3nd settlement here. A\ e have appealed to their native justice and mignauimity, and we ha-e conjured them by the ties of our commou kindred, to dis avow these usurpations, which would ine vitably interrupt our connections and cor respondence. They, too, have,been deaf to the voice of justice and cousant£U* ,,it y We must therefore acquiesce ill the ue- cessityj which denounces our separation, and hold them aa^we-hold the restof man kind—enemies in war;—in peace, friends We, therelore, the Representatives of the UNI TED S TATES OF AMERICA, in general Congress assembled, appealing to the Supresie Judge of the world, for the rectitude of our intentions. Do, the va.ne, and by the authority of the good People of these colonies, solemn ly publish and declare, thatthese Vsited Colonies, are-'and or right, ought to be, FREE % INDEPENDENTS TATES; ■ hat thev me absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, ami that all political connection, between them aud the state of tireat-Britain,.is ami ought to he totally dissolved; vnd that, as Free and Indepen dent States, they have full power to levy war. conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do. And ter the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor* Signed by order and in behalf of the con gress. ' John Hancock, 'President. Attested. Charles 'Thompson, Sec’ry JVew-Hampshire.—Josiah Bartlett, Wil liam Whipple, Mathew Thorritori. Massachusetts Bay—Samual Adams John Adams, Robert Treat Paine, El- bridge Gerry. Rhude-lsland, etc.—Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery. . Connecticut.—Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver Wolcott. Aew-Fork— William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Mur Firgiaia.—George .JYythe»,Biohaed. Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Harrison, Thomas Nelson, jua. Franco- Lightfoot Lte, Garter Braxton. JVorth■ Carolina.—Wi\tiara Hooper, Jo- secti Ilewes, John Penn, South Carolina—Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward, jun. Thomas Lynch, jrfn. Arthur Middleton. Cftorgia.—Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall,. George Walton. / In contemplating Ute event, we have been led to inqoireRn our minds, how ma ny of those PAWrtoT8 who signed the De claration of Independence are at this day recbgnised among the living. The follow- i»g compose all within our recollection— the rest, we believe, sleep in the tpmb of honor:— THOMAS JEFFERSON, of Virginia. JOHN ADAMS, of Massachusetts'. CHARLES CARROLL, of Maryland. WILLIAM ELLERY. o/ Rhede-Island. CHARLES THOMPSON, of Pennsylvania, *bo acted as secretary to the congress If we have omitted any names, rtc re quest that they may be pointed out. JBO* THE 2ffE«r-TO»i COLtTMBIAST. Ode for the FOURTH of JUL1’, 1819. With yand’ring glance and laurelPd head. See Freedom on the mountain tread, And sport her banner bright, An 1 o’er the graves of warriors dead. .With Jouk of placid pride, dispread Her ample flood of light! , Morn slowly breaks—the immortafaua ' ' His splendid joUrney hath begun Warm o’er this world of greent He darts a glow thro* hearts unwon— Wakes blush and smile on cheeks, upon Whose bloom the tear hath,been.’ She starts! a wild eccentric strain Floats through the mazes of the plain— It flies from glen to glen, Now dies— now gathers strength again-» When clouds dispersing, to! a train Of gaily roareliaU’d men! Her heaven-lit eye more fiercely burns— A day is breaking that recalls The finish of her temple walls! Oft, oft her color goes—returns— And oft her tresses are unfurl’d, For, this proud day her children greet. On rocks eternal fix’d her seat, Proclaim’d her here the best ador’d— The only fear’d—the one implor’d! The mistress of a world! Hark I hark! that strain more full is pouring; Clouds of smoke, fantastic soaring. Circle round her Steep! No breast, at that sweet strain, is sighing— It wins the living—thrill* the dying— Cheeks look lovelier still, and eyes forget to weep. She waves that flag, whose glorious light Hath strt am’d in many a hardy fight— An air-borne beacon star! To nerve the Jiving arm ’with might* To bless the dying hero’s s : gbt— To lead the tide of war! Hark! hark again! from cliff to hollow’d shore, From level—slope—and summit hoar. More boist'rous peals resouno! The flash and smoke combining, pour A deaf’ning din—the cannon roar And shake the rock-bss’d ground! How fairer fingers braids are wreathing* Warmer bosoms vows are breathing— All, all the Soldier’s due/ For him memorial songs are swelling— Veteran’s tales of peril telling — Glorious, great and true! __ • The streamer’, gay and graceful fly— The breeze, in dalliance, flutters bye. While Nature, crown’d with flowers, Breathes, from the faintly-clouded sky, Or spans the rainbow’s changeful dye. O’er Freedom’s native bowers! ’Tie Noon! high floats each warrior’s plume— No trace of vengeful thought or gloom. Distains his noble brow: For war foretells no foeman’s doom— Tis Virtue’s smile and Beauty’s bloom And Pca«*inspire him now. 1 The soul-arousing drum awakes The martial lightning rapid, breaks Along the extended line: His iron ear Revenge forsakes, While music, with her ^witching measure. Melts the heart to truest pleasure! Stealing, (and each breast partakes) The power of notes almost divine! How proudly is the war-horse treading!— Til’ enlarging Sun a radiance shedding Fervidly and grand: Hope, waves, her wand of gold and green, And, smiling oft and long between, She cries.—“for ages, shall this dsy, Return to cheer the Patriot’s way— Bless this unconquer’d land!" Of pike, and sa onj, *nd bayonet, A forest bright is moving yet; , But, purple streaks the sky!” And now that Sun, intense at dawn, • Red, to a distact world hath gone! He leaves a warming splendor here For Memory’s e^e— A guidance thro’ another year, To’ bid a nation aye revere The fourth day of July! -- - fitted e laws Xew-Jersey.—Richard Stockton, John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkissbn, John Hart, Abraham Clark. Pennsylvania.—'Robert Morris," Beiija-’ min Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John Mor ton,-GeotgeClymer, James Wilson,George Ross. - ■ Dt hware.—Cesar Rodney, Thomas ATKcah,'George Read. - ‘ Maryland.—Samuel Chase,.W/TU Paca Thomas Eton*, Charlea Carrol, of Carrol- Lo! Freedom quits her mountain throne. When night-gales waft each dying tone, Met by her children of tbe plain. They pledge their mutual vows again! Low bows tbe Oak sublime! " She owns, before tbe gallant band. This happy..clime, her favor’d land! She swear* her Eagle shall arise . Supremely to" bis native skies!— When Honor mourns'* broken band; When Virtue !raves a. wreck for Tipie!— That fast from Ihctelatr plains the Bird serenely, flies. ' ' T Sr", of A'ew Jersey. From thefNew-Yojk'Etm'rig FortV*' ‘ ‘ CLAIMS OF'VORTVOAL. A notice has hern i«*ue«S in. Portugal by the Board of comm i ce, from which it appears, that the Portt-cur.-e governmeoti* preparing to claim ofU. Stateaili* •* ■ mount of the losses sti-t ?v ’ d bythrix in-r- Ij chants, in consequent - "f the' captoreatiy privateers under the Ai tigas’flig.’ Th«?Du- tice is as follows: “The Royal Board of Commer -e to ail Hi, Mlijes. “ ty’s subjects, maa.es known: . i “That his majesty has bn n pleased to order, that the owners or interested in the vessels insulted, r- v.» d or captured^ by the pirates, p rsent letal proofs ol the losso( they have sustained, in order that the necessary claims may be made upon the United States. Fur this purpose the persons interested in tho.t: ihjvcs arc re quired to exhibit the « l >oA’ iwbr.ttoneri documents, within thirty d lys alie.i' the date of the presei.!, notice, that they may be submitted to Uts majesty for his ryal determination “In virtue whereof the said Board has directed the above to be published, in con sequence of the order received from the se cretary of state aud war department, dat ed the 23d in »t. (Signed) Jose Akursio Das Neves. "Lisbon, 23(A .ipfit-. 1^13." This was to itiss been expected, and is indeed surprising Ci.it wo have not heard before of aaclt detnpuds being made upon our government. It i? . lact which is daily e-tablislled in our cc-ris of justice, that almost all the private..r- s which lor so long a time have been p!o ''ring, pi‘ lagiug and robbing t*. the ore outin our ports.—'True it is ■against such proceedings,but they iirepali- Ucly.arid openly vi- Ltd. When priz a captured by any of t! a Ar’.igas private era are brought within our jjfridictioti, they arc libelled by the representatives of Por- tM»al, and restored by ou>- courts; but the property is depreciate.' in value; it is_ brought to an imp. uper market, it is wast ed by charge*', lossy* a»d sacrifices bnd * every one is bcr.fiUed more than me own- ers. But of the number captured vj-y-f f—ur ever are known to arrive in the Unit ed Sthtes. The retaaindcr are smuggled iu under various devices, and millions of . property are !o»t to the unfortunate own ers. It is equitable and just, that if oar government du-:s not not po.-s -s tlje vigor or activity, which is necessary to pieveA$ our citizens from plundering a nation at peace tvith-us, wo shou.tl auswer for and pay the damages. . » Scarcely a vessel arrives from a Portu guese port, which dees not bring us an ac count of the dissatisfaction and disgust which they have contracted againsi us, aud it wouid not he surprising, il ihey’ w rv to retaliate by authorising'nr wiuUing at tiie same enormities against which they believe we permit against them. An extract of a letter rcceived’at Wa,)i- ingtun, from colonel R. J. Meigs, riaieil Cherokee agency, May S'.st, "says—“The president, last week, passed through the Cherokee Nation, on the ravd leading from Georgia to Nasuvii!*. lain informed that lie visited the misswmrj. school, were about dO Indian cinidrtr: were receiving instruction on the Lancasterian plan. This must have bee:: iuterestikg to btm and to tiie school, “We have a tine season, and an appear ance of abundance of fmit and bread.— The bankers and brokers have no effect oa v .gatatii-n;a.:u we have neither tylhres nor laxCs. I hope oar gratitude will keep pace with our enjoyments.’ 5 Tiie tiial of-Iravid Norris, a colored uyin • for Jhe murder<,1 William Ayres, also a • colored nian.-tame oh yesteriify before the * '■onorable the judges of Jiaitimore City : Cmrt. The circumstances of the case are . Briefly tiles,’; Id avid oh the morning of the ratal accident told a servant mail in Vie house, in obedience to the command of the . bar-keeper, !■., sheet soitie bcrls for a tew visitors who had just arrived,kite made no. auswer. Ke b.t-red an imprecation a-' gainst her, and followed it up by a blow; the woman f.-ll upon the ground, ami as sour, as she arose she gave David a severe (flow on the forehead with a large cudgel, which lay near her, and then ran up stairs to her accustomed business. Previous, however, to her leaving the room, the de- cea>ed ran in between her arid the priso ner fur the purpose of protecting her, and engaged in a contest with David. After struggling for a short time David seized a large carving knife, ju«t from the cutler’s, and telling the deceased to take care or he would stab him, pursued his threat with the fatal blow; the wound was very severe; the knife penetrating through the bowels and lodging in the muscles of the hack; a little more exertion would have Laasfixed' the deceased. ■ . . Louis Eichelhergcr, esq. opened thtf case on behalf of the state, and was f'dloiv- ed by Win. W. Kali and John S. Tyson, esqs. on the part of the prisoner, and Charles Mitchell, esq. on the part of Vhe * state. _ " Thejury after a short deliberation, re- ' tu>n“d with a-verdict of Guilty of Murder in the first degt ee.—Baltimore' American. * A woman in Nobleborough, of the name of Clark, upwards of seventy years of a^e committed suicide, by tying a piece pf crape toa nail that she stuck in between the lathing and fixing it as a halter. Que ot her knees rested on the floor, the other on the round ot a chair.—Boston Daily Ad vertiser- At the late Assizes at Lsncaster. (Eng land) a very,old man, aq .Irishman, »as- found guilty of an offence, fur. winch he. was sentenced to 14year* transportation*. On receiving sentence he bowed profound ly to the court, and thanked his lordship, for, “indeed,” said he, •“! did not think 1 I Jtad so Jong to live,till yoiuford-diip tail me.’’
