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Fnm n and mttdHKD v. rr.Kl v, bv
W Ts . 11 . II AII K I SO \ ,
CITY P RIXTE n .
CARRIER'S ADDRESS
TO TII E rATRONS OF
Tlio SoiKiirrn Nosrnm.
Kind frirnils and patrons, on this festive day
I Ining a tribute of an humble lay
To speak of pleasures past, and joys ahead ,
Os conquered fears and hopes forex < r slid ;
Os proud ambition in its airy (light ;
Os prostrate kingdoms, and of 1 reedoni s might ;
Os foreign wars, and ol domestic strife ;
The tyrant's dreadful waste of human life ;
\nd cherished eict'ry in an exit hour
II ssolved in ruin by the traitor's poxx r.
M iv peace and plenty, with contentment here
Proclaim the advent of another i ear.
Tull many breasts have heaved the anxious .‘"’sh
To dim the brightness of tlio months gone by ;
l ull many hearts have felt the carking care
f-iincc first thev welcomed a commencing \ ear ;
r.ttl mHiiyiiuuU Kavft grappled xx'ith despair;
Tull many eyes have xvapl the silent tear:
And all have lost a hope or prospect dear,
Since last they welcomed the departed Year.
But these are past—from dark oblivion's urn,
Long faded sorrows never can return :
The present moment, 1 lien, demands our care
And close attention, through the corning \ car.
Tis little more than txvclxc months since my
sheet
First braved the tempest, and the armed fleet
Os hostile prophets, and more listless foe*
Prepared with failure, and unnumbered woes,
To crow n tlio efforts of a neutral page,
Which sought to give tlio actions of the age
From party bias, or contention free.
That all the error and the truth might see :
And yet to-day the grateful news I tell
Os zeal increasing, and the ardent swell
Os thankful hearts—that stirring hands will rear
A better volume in the present Year.
The cypress brunch has xvov'n many n xvrcatli
To own the victims of insatiate death,
Since Hi nter left us, and the balmy Spring
Brought bloom and verdure on its soothing wing ;
For lie xvlio filled the People’s Chair of State,
Now lies in silence ’nenth the hand of fate;
A nd they xvhnsc valor mocked the mountain oak,
Now share a kindred resting-place xvitli Polk ;
Our Country’s requiem decked the lonely grave
Os Gaines, and Wool, and Worth —the noble
brave!
But let us hope America may wear
Her brightest jewels through the present Year!
What man to glory or to honor known,
Will fail to prize the liberty to own
Himself a native of this sunny dime,
Whose fame progressing meets the march of
Time?—
Or who predict the. fond assertion true ;
That scenes of horror soon xvill court our view,
Where brothels’ hands xvill seek for brothers
blood
In vain endeavors for no real good ?
Not so ; the Union of these States shall stand
Whilst thrones and kingdoms mingle xvitli the
sand !
Till far extending shall its power appear
To gather strength xvitli each successive Year.
For long the vassals of each foreign croxvn
Have scorned the tnock’ry of a monarch’s frown ;
And in its majesty the people's shout
Has pierced the courier and the kingly lout,
With dreaded warnings to prepare the tomb
Os royal splendor in the plubian gloom.
Yet we, the proud precursors of the fexv,
Alone are found to Freedom's blessings true !
But France and England, Hungary and Spain,
May find a Mother past their western main : ■
The Cuban Island and Canada fair,
May join us, too, before another Y ear.
The laurels that the friends of man have xvon,
Have lived and died, before a twelvemonth’s sun
Ilad loft its shadow on the lowland plain
The battles fought, must noxv bo fought again,
Ere Liberty shall make her peaceful rest
On Gallic (lags, or old Brittannia’s crest!
The xvild enthusiasm of a xvaken’d mind,
Amidst its phrenzv, xvill not fail to find,
Thai Monarch’s kingdom, and Republic's sane,
Despoiled of reason, soon begin to wane
And that for Freedom they must noxv prepare,
Who xvould obtain it in the present Year.
Alas! that men, in warfare ever bold,
Should boxv in suppljancc to the baleful gold !
That paltry baubles—in their value vain—
Should forge the fetter for the sons of men !
Let Freedom breathe a curse upon the hour
When Georgey yielded to the tempter's poxv’r !
When mourning thousands lisped a sad farewell
In ansxver to the Butcher’s hideous yell !
Accursed in fortune, and in honor too,
Let Arnold tell the traitor’s last adieu ;
Whilst every soft or furious breeze shall bear
A curse to him, through each succeeding Year !
But, noble Kossuth ! on this xvestern shore
Thu Russian hounds xvill hunt thee nevermore :
Here thou and thine may rest each weary headj
And mourn in silence o'er the valiant dead,
Whose stalwart arms, amidst the grape and ball,
Were quick to ansxver to their Leader’s call.
Here, thou wilt find a Nation filled xvitli grief—
Whose xvelcoine plaudits hailed thy vict’rie*
brief—
That ere thy country Freedom’s cup could sip,
A traitor’s, band hath dashed itfrom her lip!
The freeman’s welcome ofl’ers thee bis cheer,
To calm Shy troubles through the present \ ear.
The last revolving son has thrown its ray
Os conscious triumph o’er the closing day
Which bade adieu to all thatcan combine
With hope or fear, in Eighteen Forty-Nine.
The records of our hist’rv tlienee may name
The sleep of languor, or the ardent flame ;
The reign of justice, or the pow'rof wrong;
The word repining, or the tliankful song,
The fair profession, or the silent strife ;
The course of error, or the godly life ;
All these for future judgment xvill appear,
' *u bless or curse the now departed Year
But as new eras open to our view,
: That soon shall fill historic pages too, —
I 1 Lotus by past experience profit now,
And breathe the ardor of an earnest vow :
That mental beauty and religious truth
May crown our pathway w ith perennial youth ;
That man to man in charity may live,
And each to each the fruits of virtue give ;
1 That o'er our Union may the bond of peace
■ Gain strength with progress, and with age in
ereasc ;
; That every passing moment may endear
! Our fond affections to the present Year.
Then here,kind patrons, xvitli you one and all
I leave the witness of my annual call, —
And wish the measure of your halcyon dax s
May fill the zenith of a poet’s praise;
That health may xveave a chaplet ever green
Beneath the smiles of Fortnne'scourted Queen ;
That youth may feel no writhing pang of grief;
That age may grace the sere and yelloxv leaf;
That sweet contentment, in its vernal bloom,
May gild your pathway to a quiet tomb ;
That mcm’ry long may count the moments here,
As glad mementoes of a Happy Year !
O’ We have been requested to publish the
following Ode, prepared for the Temperance
Celebration in this City on liic 29th ultimo, in
order to correct some errors made in its first print:
Father of light and love,
Who reign'st supreme above,
List to our prayer
Aid us in all our care ;
Teach us, xvhilc ling’ring here,
The path of grief to cheer—
-01 Father, hear !
Beneath thy fostering smile,
May xve the heart beguile
Os the dislrcst:
Cheer them in sorrow’s hour;
Shield them ’neath sickness’ poxver;
And when misfortunes lower,
Lead them to rest
Whilst imitating Thee,
May vve Thy servants bo;
Smile on our baud ;
May Love and Purity,
And true Fidelitv,
Still our supporters be,
Throughout the land.
Then, when our work is o’er,
When from life's stormy shore,
Parts our last sun, —
Passing o'er death's dark wave,
May He who came to save—
From the devouring grave,
Say, “Sons, well done!"
From the Washington Union.
An Important Invention.
The folio wing communication was hand
ed to us by the author, Rufus Porter,
esq. who is well known to us as the for
mer editor of the Scientific American, and
as a man well versed in a knowledge ofthe
arts and invention. He is a man of su
perior intelligence and of great honesty
cfcharacter, and we do not hesitate to
say, that any fact stated upon his own
knowledge may be relied upon implicitly.
We do not know whether all the great
results which he ant’eiputes from the in
vention which he describes, can be tcliz
cd; but lie has stsLed to us some remarks
ble facts, the results of his own experi
ments, which would seem to justify the
anticipations in which he indulges. It the
invention shall turn out to be what the in
ventors now promise themselves it will be,
it is cer ainlv a most wonderful discovery,
and will create anew era in the arts and
in civilization:
Messrs. Editors : I am authorized
to announce the discovery and practical
test ofthe most important scientific inven
tion ever yet produced or bought to light
since the world has been inhabited by
man : an invention which must eventually,
and almost immediately, produce an im
mense revolution in the commercial in
tercourse and business in general through
out the world ; and although break down
and ruin many of the must irnporiant
branches of business and avenues of
wealth, with hundreds of wealthy corpor
ations and business establishments, yet it
will build up thousands of others, and con
tribute hundreds and millions to the ben
efit of mankind, especially to the Ameri
can community.
The first main feature, anti foundation
of this invention, and which at once opens
a field for hundreds of inventions, is the
discovery by Henry M. Paine, esq. of a
ready and almost expenseless mode of
decomposing water and reducing it to
the gaseous state. By the simple operation
of a very small machine, without galvanic
batteries, or the consumption of metals or
acids, and only the application of less
than one three-hundredth (1-300) part,of
onehorse power, Mr. Paine produces 200
cubic feet of hydrogen gas, and 100 feet
of oxygen gas per hour. This quantity
of these g;oes, (the actual cost of which is
less than one cent) will furnish as much
heat by combustion as 2,000 feet of the
ordinary coal gas, and sufficient to supply
light equal to three hundred common
lamps for ten hours; or to warm an ordin
ary dwelling house twelve hours; includ
ing the requisite heat for the kitchen; ot
to supply the requisite heat for one horse
power of steam. This invention has been
tested by six months’ operation, applied to
the lighting of houses, and recently the
applicability of these gases to the warm
ing houses has also beeen tested with per
fectly satisfactory results. A steam en
gine furnace tttid a parlor stove, both
adapted to the burning of these gases,
have been invented, and measures taken
for securing patents therefor.
Mr. Paine has one ofliis machines, new
and elegant now in full operation and pub
licly exliibited, and may be expected to
exhibit the same in this city within twen
ty days; The only actual expense of war
mine houses by this npoaratus is that of
winding up a weight (like the winding up
of a clock) once a day ; and the heat pro
ducted may be as easily graduated and
regulated as the flame of a common
gasburner. No smoke whatever is produ
ced, but a very small quantity of steam
sufficient to supply the requisite moisture
to the atmosphere. In its application to
the production of steam povver.it will re
duce the expense thereof to the mere wear
of the machinery, anti will immediately
produce an immense demand for steam
engines, and induce the establishment of
thousands of manufacturing mills, reduce
the ex pence of travelling and increase the
demand for agricultural produce, while it
ruins the coal and gas business, and such
manufacturing establishments as depend
on monopoly and high prices. This in
vention moreover removes completely the
the only obstacles which have hitherto ex
isted to a?rial navigation—the difficulty of
procuring hydrogen gas and carrying a
supply of fuel; and it may now be consid
ered a matter of tolerable certainty that!
men will be seen swiftly and safely soar-1
ingin various directions before the first of
May next. These facts being of immense
importance, should not be longer withheld
and I therefore would avail myself of your
widely circulating journal to present
them to the public.
Yours, respectfully, R. Porter.
Washington, Dec. 22, 1849.
Tiie Sultan of Turkey. —The fol
lowing ske'ch of Abdel Medschid, the
present Sultan of Turkey, is interesting
at a time when the politics of Western
Europe may,to a certain extent, depend on
the policy pursued by the Ottoman
Porte. The sketch is written by a recent
traveller in the East:
Abdel Medschid, the present Sultan, is
26 years of age ; dresses, with the excep
tion of a Fez cap, in the European style;
and, save that his face is unusually pale
and deeply pitted with the small pox, has
nothing very noticeable in his personal
appearance. He inherits little of the in
tellectual vigor of his father Mahmoud,
but his heart is amiable to a degree bor
dering on weakness. His sensibilities
are such thrt he never signs death war
rants except in cases of the most urgent
necessity. He takes scarcely any personal
part in the Administration of the Govern
merit, choosing to leave everything to the
control of his Vizier and Divan. He
has five or six wives and a large harem.
Ibe latter is tegularly increased by the
annual presentation of two beatifnl and
accomplished Circassian virgins,one by his
mother, Sultana Valede, the other by his
Grand Vizier. The old custom of sack
ing the unfaithful and throwing them into
the Bosphorus, has become totally obso
lete; but (it is generally supposed tliat
State policy still makes way with some at
least of the Sultan’s male offspring, for
the number ofliis sons is always very dis
proportionate to that of his daughters.—
The Suiiati is not only extremely effemin
ate and licentious, but he very frequently
indulges in the use of spirituous liquors,
and it is by no means itijprobable that he
will meet the fate of his lather, who died
in the prime of his life of deliTtt'm tremens.
Abdel Medschid lias dispensed with
much of the glittering pomp tliat used to
attend the Sultan’s appearance in public,
but yet he goes to the Mosque every Fri
day in great state. Ilia splended barge
of 28 oars, escorted by numerous beautiful
pinnaces, and gliding with swallow-like
swiftness up the Golden Horn to the
Mosque Eyottb, near the valley of the
sweet waters, amid the roaring of the can
non from each side, and the cheers of the
sailors and soldiers from the decks ofthe
magnificent seventy-fours, has been one
of the most stirring sights I have yet wit
nessed in Cons'antinople.
Excitement in Arkansas. — Late accounts
from Marion county, Arkansas, bring news of
the escape from the jail at Smithville, of Jesse
N. Everett and Nelson Stratton, two ol'tlie prin
cipal actors in the outrageous scenes enacted in
that county recently. They had been joined
by about forty of their confederates, and the
whole body xveie under arms in the vicinity
of Ye 11 vi lie. The country xvas in a great state
of alarm and excitement. A company of volun
teers under Capt. Mitcliel, bad been ordered and
xvere awaiting the arrival of Gen. Wood, to
marcli against the rioters, whom they hoped to
meet on the 26th ult. Gen. Wood was determ
ined to retake the prisoners at all hazards.
Rights oe Married Women—The Supreme
I Court of Pennsylvania hits decided recently
that a husband has no claim to the possession of
tiny property owned by bis xvife previous to
marriage; aud that even the consent of of the
xvife, thnt Iter husband should have possesion
of her properly, is of no avail while the xvife is
a minor This decision is bused on the laxv of
1848, which has wrought a radical change in the
condition of married fainales.
Destrection of a Bridge. —The stone bridge
over Little River, Va., which had been nearly
completed by the Louisa Railroad Company, fell
on Sunday afternoon, the 16th ult., in conse
quence, it is supposed, of defective materials.
This bridge xvas fifty feet span, and is supposed
to have cost SIB,OOO.
M. Pauxvels, the machine-maker, of Brussels,
has just sent from Antwerp to San Francisco, in
California, a complete hotel, consisting of forty
rooms, with beds, chairs, tables, etc., all in cast
i iron. The whole takes to pieces xvlien desired.
(pp The London papers speak highly of anew
invention by Mr. Hall, by xvhich the combustion
of coal in steam furnaces is rendered as perfect
as possible. The floor of the furnace consists
of long bars inclined at a considerable angle, and
sloxvly moved backxvards and forwards in a cer
tain order hi moans of eccentrics working on
i the same axle, which act upon teeth, xvitli xvhich
j the bars are supplied. The machinery is said
\ to be simple and effective.
(FT* On the Ist of November there xvere 750
persons in the jails of Ireland, committed as
dangerous lunatics.
The Duke of Wellington, apart from what hi*
relatives and dependents have recived, has cos 1
the Kingdom ol Great Britan about 81 1,000,000
MACON, G A .
SATURDAY MORNING, JAN. 5, 1850.
Ifj’M'c learn that the Central Railroad Com
pany have ofTered to the city of Macon §25,000,
for the right to connect the Railroads within the
corporation. As the question is noxv placed in
a condition xvhich xvill enable the parties to un
derstand upon what terms the connection can be
formed, xvc hope measures xvill he adopted at an
early day, to settle the question to the satisf.ic
I lion of all concerned.
Iron in Pennsylvania.— lron ore, itsceins,
has been discovered at Pottsville, under cir
cumstances that leads to the belief that it cxist9
in extensive deposits. Mr. McGinnis, in sink
ing a shaft near his gate vein, instead of finding
coal, as the first treasure, has opened out nu
merous deposits of iron ore, all embedded in
soft slates, that furnish an easy undermining
If the reports in regard to this discovery of
abundance of iron in a vast coal region he true,
it must result in making us entirely independ
ent of other countries for that metal. And if
there be any truth in the statement respecting
the Nexv Jersey process of making bar-iron for
§25 the ton, by a nexv process, then will Penn
sylvania become the largest iron producer in the
world.
Canada. —The Annexation Association of
Montreal issued a week ago their second ad
dress to the people of Canada. It contains a
preamble of extracts from the London Times
and other English papers xvlio have said any
thing in favor of their first emanation ; from
which they draw the inference that the English
people xvill let them go whenever a majority of
the people desire it. They say the people on
ly have to xvill it. They also take it for grant
ed, from some of the papers of the North, and
from the Resolutions of the Vermont Logisla
lature, that all the United States will be glad to
admit them to the Union immediately. They
then reiterate their assertions that Canada is in a
state of “ruin and decay," and then they wind
up by saying it is her destiny—every one admits
it must come, and they had better do it at once.
The Association is getting a little more active
now ; £7OO have been subscribed to carry on
the war, and more is anticipated. A large sum,
it is said, xvill go to the Herald newspaper to
make up for its loss from turning Annexationist.
Hon. Mr Caron, Speaker of the Legislative
Council and Member of the Cabinet, has re
signed his offices, arid it issaid, xvill be placed
on the bench in place of Mr. Bacquet, spoken
of for tlie situation.
A telegraphic report from Toronto to Quebec
says that the troops had reached the Quebec
mines on Lake Superior.
Another Railroad An effort is being
made to obtain stock to a railway from Niagara,
opposite Buffalo, to the city of Detroit. It is
contemplated to construct it on the Canada side,
and the route xvill be almost ari air line, and
the grades as favorable as any road in tire coun
try. The distance is somewhat over two hun
dred miles, and the contemplated cost is set
down at .$6,000,000, of which $2,500,000 have
been subscribed by Canadian corporations and
individuals. A New York paper says that this
road xvould bring Milwaukie and Nexv Y’ork
within forty-five hours of each other.
Singular Matter. — We have often heard
ofthe death ofpersons, says the Cincinnati En
| quircr, and their remaining in a trance for sev
eral days xvhen they xvere supposed to he dead,
hut xvt never had an accident of the kind to
come under our observation until yesterday.—
The xvife of a Dr. Smith, living over the canal,
was ill, and about l'yur days ago, from all ap
pearance to her friends, she died; but xxlicn a
bout to lay her out it nas found by her attend
ants that there xvas life in her body'. And her
burial xvas postponed. From day to dry, since
that time, the body has been examined aitd the
same appearances are exhibited—a warmth in
tlie body and no signs of decomposition. The
physicians cannot satisfactorily account for this
strange phenomenon, and as every means have
been used to resuscitate the body, the friends
are anxiously waiting the result.
She issaid to be in a trance, but what kind
of state tliat is xvc cannot clearly explain to our
readers, from the fact that xve and« not believe
that any oneknoxvs xvliat it is. Still xve must
admit that it is most singular tliat a body can
lay so long apparently dead, and have indica
tions of life remaining.
Depth of the Ocean. —Capt. James Ross
found 15,000 feet west of Cape Good Hope,
xvhich is the height of Mt. Blanc ; and he sound
ed xvitli the plummet 25,400 feet, or 27,600 En
glish feet, without touching bottom west of St.
Helena. Dr. Y’oung assigns to tlio Atlantic a
depth of a league ; that i«, 13,400 feet; and to
the Pacific Ocean a league and a third, or a
bout 18,000 feet. Certain inland seas, like the
Mediterranean and Caribbean, have greater
depths than would be expected from their prox
imity to the land, and sectn to bo sunken ba
sins, the form of xvhich is connected with the
volcanic phenomena of xvhich they are the seat.
The narrowest part of the Strait of Gibraltar is
not more than 960 feet beloxv the surface : hut
a little further towards the cast, the depth falls
suddenly to 3000 feet ; and at the south ofthe
Coast of Spain and of the Sierra Nevada, a depth
of 5200 feet has been ascertained. The eastern
part of the Mediterranean is of less depth.
O’ We learn from the Richmond (Ky.)
Chronicle, that the Grand Jury of Madison
county, after an investigation of the Foxtoxvn
rencounter, in xvhich Cyrus Turner xvas killed
by Cassius M .Clay, failed to find an indictment
in the case.
The Mo.NTEsquioNs.—Arthur Montesquion,a
younger brother of the two men noxv confined
at St. Louis upon a charge of murdering Alficd
Jones and Kirby Barnaul, arrived at St. Louis
on the 15th ultimo. When he left France the
’ news of the tragedy did not reach him, and the
j first intimation he received of it xvas after his
arrival in Nexv Orleans.
The Kentucky Convention. —The Conven
tion for revising and amending the Constitution
of the State of Kentucky, xxhicli has been in
session at Frankfort since the first of October
last, completed its business and adjourned on
the 21st of December. Amongst the changes
made in the Constitution are the following, as
xve find them stated in an address of the Dele
gates to their constituents. They arc, howev
er, to he submitted to a vote of the people.
Biennial sessions of the Legislature, limited
in their duration to sixty days.
'I he protection of the public credit, by ex
pressly prohibiting the Legislature from con
trading any debt, save for t lie expenses ofthe
Government, without the assent of the people,
given at the polls.
Private and special legislation is forbidden ■
and this hitherto source of expense, including
the grant of manifold divorces, so long borne
and so strongly condemned, is entirely removed.
The mode of appointing the Judges lias been
altogether changed, and, for the first time in the
history of this Commonwealth, been given di
rectly to the people.
The relation between master and slave re
mains as it xvas under the old constitution.—
I üblic sentiment, so far from demanding any
change, expressly rebuked any action thereon.
The free negro population among us is conce
ded by all to be worthless, and highly detrimen.
tal to the value of our slaves, as well as the se
curity of the owner. The constitution provides
that no slave shall be emancipated but upon
condition that such emancipated slave be sent
out of the State.
The convention is to re-assemblc on the first
Monday in June next, to proclaim the noxv
Constitution as the organic laxv of the State,
provided it shall receive the approval of the
people.
Sufferings in California. —The suffering
experienced by' emigrants in going over the land
route to California, though frequently alluded
to, is not realized except in such pictures as are
presented by actual eye-witnesses. At one
point of the road, a woman with txvo children
xvere found feeding themselves upon the bark of
a tree. They xx'ere not able to move on. The
woman’s husband Lad died, and she was unable
to go any further, and their provisions had been
exhausted for some days. A physician in San
Francisco, who crossed overland, says that he
bad been threatened xvitli the severest treatment
on account of having recommended the delay
of the xvagons fora fexv hours to relieve the ve.
ry sick ones, xvlio were almost dying xvitli fa
tague. A correspondent of the Nexv York Cou
rier saxv an an old gentleman driving an ox
team into the city the other day, and lie thought
from the man’s actions that he must he either
crazy or under a great pressure of exhileration.
He asked him if he came across the plains.—
“Oh, yes, yes; I’ve got here, and I wish 1
could express my gratitude—my delight.” lie
would have said more, but his chest began to
heave, and tears began running down his dusty
face, whilst xvitli perfect intoxication he ran
from one yoke of the poor oxen to another, ap
plying the xvhip as though he xxere not safely
out of the difficulties until he had reached the
very spot where his wagon xvas to stop.
Cholera in the East. —The ravages of the
Cholera at Siam, in the East Indies, according
to the last European papers, are beyond meas
ure dreadful. About 20,000 persons have fallen
victims to it. So great xvas the number of
deaths, that they found it impracticable to born
them all, and many xvere buried, and multi
tudes more thrown into the river just as they
died. They xvere brought and laid in piles,
and fuel applied, when they xvere consumed
like heaps of logs. In three days not less than
Irom 2000 to 3000 died daily ; and at the end of
twelve days it was knoxvn that more than 20,-
000 had fallen victims to its fearful ravages.
Since that time it has very much abated, hut lias
by no means ceased. Among those who have
died were very fexv of the highest classes; how
ever, among that small number xvas Khan Khun
Kudin, a noble of high rank and influence, a
man of age arid experience, xvlio was Cornman
der-in-Cliief of lli s Majesty’s forces in the late
xvar in Cochin China. The mortality is said
to have been not so great among the inhabitants.
It is thought that within a radius of txventy-five
or thirty miles, not less than 30,000 have been
sxvept off by riiis fatal scourge xvithin txvo or
three xvoeks. The cholera and the sinall-pox
always make dreadful ravages in Siam.
A Female .Miner. — The only xvliite woman,
says a correspondent of the Boston Times, that
! have seen in the mines is the xvife of a French
man, xvlio came here from Calcutta. She dress
es in troxvsers, and wears a thin hat and rod
shirt, as most of the miners do, and her hair
being cut short, is not suspected of being a wo
man, probably by one tenth of the persons who
see her. The first time I saxv her, I xvas digging
in a hole of the Mokelrnay, a few feet from
where she and her husband xvere working in a
rocker. 1 noticed her feminine look and thought
ful expression of countenance, and mentioned
it to a man working near me. He informed me
what 1 supposed to he, a remarkably handsome
young man xvas a woman ; that she xvas the
xvife of the man at work xvitli her ; that her hus
band xvas once a wealthy merchant in Calcutta,
and that the wife had been accustomed to ease
and luxury. Failing in business and becoming
J . i
poor, the husband determined to dig a fortune
out of the earth in Ca’ifornia; and the xvife, i
true to her companion, only consented, xvhen ha
promised she should accompany him. I have
seen her at work xviih the pick and the spade
early and late—there is ever a thoughtful e».
pression on her countenance, but she never
seems discouraged ; and yet tho unfortunate
pair have had tho worst of luck, not having dug
gold enough to pay their living. This is one of
the most romantic incidents that a life in the
gold diggings of California from lime to time de
veloper.
The Phgcnix Bank Rorhery. — Asaph How
ard, who was suspected of robbing the, I’har.nix
Bank of Westerly, of $16,000, has been dis
charged from custody, there being no evidence
against him ; so that this great robbery is not
vet elucidated
American Institute —At the regular meet,
nig oftliis body, says the National Intelligencer
; Dr. Riofrey, of Paris, made some very interest"
ingand scientific observations on the subject of
consumption. Post mortem examinations | la ,j
shown that nature, under certain circumstance--
cures the disease. It was important to inquire
what these circumstances were. From the ex
tensive field of the doctor's remarks on France
Holland, and Great Britain, it appeared that n
cure xvas effected whenever thin and attenuated
men changed their climate and habits, one r, r
both, and in consequence developed a tendency
to become fleshy. He considered a high North,
ern and Southern attitude ulike favorable. lj 6
named the American coast from latitude 55 do.
north, to 17 deg. south, as consumptive latitude j
He deemed all the temperate latitudes unfavera
ble.
Prof. Maury said that latitude 17 deg. south
was precisely the point where the trade winds
relieved from their moisture by the Andes, p ro |
duced a dry air. Dr. Gale said that Natchez wn»
a favorable point in the Mississippi valley, for
the consumptive ; yet Natchez had a very’hu
mid climate. Dr. Borland (U. S. Senator) con.
firmed these views. The nights were exceed
ingly damp. The wind blew up the river, an*
brought the dampness from tlio Gulf. Professor
Henry attributed the deleterious effects in con.
sumption rather to the amount of c hange in the
thermometer at given points, than to the actual
state of temperature. Prof. Maury represented
the coasts of Patagonia as literally submerged
xvitli rain ; txventy-ono feet of rain had actually
fallen in thirty-one days ; and lie represented
the natives a most miserable race. Mr. School
craft said, that it was then a popular error that
they were of taller stature than other Indians—
The xvhole discussion assumed a tone of high
interest.
Prof Johnson reported on the chemical pro
perties and value of tho North Carolina coal
field. lie also remarked on other coal basins in
the United States. Txvo nexv species of birds
were presented from the Rio Grande. One of
these was the chnparelle cock. Donations of
books xvere made to the library from several
sources.
Important from Jamaica —We hare Kings
ton dates to the 17th ult.
The spirit of dissatisfaction and discontent
xvitli the House Government, seems to be rapid
ly spreading.
Political annexation to tile United States is
openly advocated.
As an illustration of their feeling, we quote
from a paper called “ The Conservative :’’
“ No man in this island yet thinks of aiding
foreign arms to dispossess Great Britain of Ja
maica. We have not yet arrived even at that
state of feeling which would induce any inhabi
tant to lift a finger against the ancient Croxvn of
England. But we must live ; we must assert
the rights of our common country. Impressed
xvitli these viexvs, there are many who pray the
Great It uler of all nations so to dispose of events
that an amicable secession of this Island to the
United States of America, xvithout quarre ling
or bloodshed, may speedily occur. For our.
selves, xve repeat, that xve should regret to see
Jamaica leave the ancient fold ; but xvc would
not xvonder if it occurred to-morrow. So that
it he done without rebellion, alas ! too many
xvould be only glad of it.”
Nexv Mexico.— Tbe St. Louis Republican of
the 18lli ultimo, publishes a letter from its cor
respondent at Santa Fe, dated October 7tb,
which gives an interesting account of the con
dition of the territory. It seems that a conven
tion called to form a constitution preliminary to
the admission of Nexv Mexico as a State into
the Confederacy, assembled in Santa Fo on the
24th of September, decided against the project
of a State government, by a vote of sixteen to
three. Mr. Hugh N. Smith xvas chosen by the
convention a delegate to Congress. A form of
Territorial Government xvas adopted, xvhich Mr.
Smith brings with him to have ratified by Con
gress. In relation to the slavery question, the
Republican’s correspondent says :
“The convention, I think very properly, left
the question of slavery wholly untouched—an
intimation to the North, that we seek not ;tht>
impertinent intusion of the ‘Wilmot Proviso'
in our constitution ; and to the South, as well
as tlio North, that we desire no legislative action
of Congress upon a matter which wo can easily
settle among ourselves, when the proper moment
arrives to agitate it. The election just past,
and the convention recently he'd, has, For tho
first lime since American administration hero,
aroused the mass of the people to the n
of their taking an active part in the political *'•
fairs of the Territory, and guarding with avijv
lant eye their rights as citizens of our great
Confederacy.”
Mr. Smith is spoken of as’ a gcntlrmnn of
ability, and of great influence in New Mexico
Important from Texas.— ln the Picayune of
the 23d ult., xve have the latest nexvs from I cS '
as. And whilst Gen. Taylor says that he iJ' 3 '
vorable to the admission ofNexv Mexic°i "*
have information from Santa Fe tlutt the inlioh*
tants had taken preliminary steps to organize®
territorial government, xvhich caused t lic g rl3t
cst excitement at Austin. Many xvere for tnarc 1
ing an armed force thither and putting <h’"'
tho rebels, as they aro termed. The Atej 1 "
Gazette advises delay until the receipt 1,1
President's Message and at all events lb-' 1
Texans should not precipitate a crisis <>r 1
plicate matters by violence. It still rul,or
determination to have Santa Fr, andsnv* >
“Rather than surrender to the
the General Government one inch of f t .
xvon territory, let every habitation in 5> jtv
be levelled to the enrb, and us, if the n< ’
ofthe case requires it, lie buried benC'
ruins.”
~
American Enterprise in Jamaig ,
question of growing cotton on the Islan
ously agitated, and it is said tliat Amcric
tlctnen of wealth are about to embark
its production. Ati American
capital of $1,000,000, has ,akc " ‘' o ‘ l( ,1,9"
mines at mount Vernon, and xvill
vigorously.