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BRITISH OFFICIAL DISPATCHES.
Admiralty-Office, September 15, 181G.
Captain Brisbane-, of his majesty's ship Quee
€harlotte, arrived at this office, last night, wi’
ifie following dispatches from admiral lord E\
mouth, o. c.b. addressed to John AVilson Cro
^pr r esq.
Queen Charl-otte, Algiers Bay,
August 28, 1816.
Sia—In all the vicissitudes of a long life o
public service, no circumstance has everprodm
on my mind such impressions of gratitude a. i
Joy as the event of yesterday. To have bee
One of the humble instruments, in the hands o
^Divine Provide^e, for bringing to reason a fern
•Crous governand destroying forever t.!u
insufferable aiiffnorrid system of Cliristian slave
ry* can never cease to be a source of deligh*
and heartfelt comfort to every individual huppv
.enoughto be employed in it. 1 ma», I hope, y
permitted under such impressions, to offer nr
sincere congratulations to their
lordships on the
complete success which attended the gallant ef
forts of his majesty's fleet in their attack upo
twffe up, fofl[6we5 up^>y tlhe ueet, for tWir ay>- ’ iWnttcMius offers who, avicira conflict, have
pointed stations; the flag, leading in the pre-'been at different periods more conspicuous than
scribed order, was anchored in the entrance of
the Mole, at about fifty yard* Histance. At this
moment not a gun had been fired, and I began
to suspect a full compliance with the terms which
had been so many hours in their hands; at this
period of profound silence, a shot was fired at us
from the Mole, and two at the ships to the north
ward then following; this was properly returned
by the Queen Charlotte, who was then lashing
to the mainmast of a brig, fast to t;:e shore in
the mouth of the Mole, and which we had peer
ed for, as the guide to our position.
Thus commenced a fire as animated and well
supported as, I believe, was ever witnessed,
from a quarter before three until nine, w ithout
intermission, and which did notceasp altogether
until half past eleven.
The ship - immediately following me were ad
nirably and cooty taking their station, with a
precision eveff .beyond my most sanguine hope
tnd never did the British flag receive, on any oc
cation, more zealous and honorable support.—
Fo look further oil tiie iine than immediately
Algiers of yesterday;, and the happy result pro-1 round me was perfectly impossible, but so wel
duced from it on tins
day uj
by the
signature
grounded was my confidence in the gallant offi
rers I had the honor to command, that my mint.
>vas left perfectly free to attend to oilier objects
and I knew them in their st ations only by th
destructive effect of their fire upon the walls ant
peace
Thus has a provoked war of two days’ exis
'tnnee been attended by a complete victory, ant!
Rtloseff by a renewed peace for England anti iie
ally, the king of the Netherlands, on conditions j batteries to which they v.-re opposed,
dictated by toe firmness and wisdom of his ina-j i had about this time the satisfactior of feeing
jjesty’s government, ana-commanded by the vi-1 vice-admiral \ r an Cappellen’s flag in the station
gor of their measures. I had assigned to hurt, and soon alter, at iuter-
My thanks are justly due for the honor ami I vals, the remainder of his frigates, keeping up
Confidence his majesty’s ministers have been j well supported fire on the flanking batteries ne
pleased to repose on my zeal, on this highly im- j had offered to cover us from, as it had not bee
portant occasion. Toe meins were by them Im my power, for want of room, to bring him in
made adequate to my own wishes, and the rapi- j the front of the Mole.
dity of their measures speak, for themselves.— I About sun set I received a message from rear
.^Notmore than one hundred days since, I left Al-j admiral Milne, conveying to me tjie severe loss
giers with the British fleet, unsuspicious and ig-jtlie Impregnable was sustaining, hav-ngthen 150
N 3tforant of the atrocities which had been commit-1 killed anti wounded, and requesting l would, if
possible, send him a frigate to divert sou.e of the
ore he was under.
Toe Glasgow, near me, immediately weighed,
but the wind had been driven away by die can
oonade, and she was obliged to anchor again,
rather- a better position tnau
l.uv’og obtained
before.
1 had at this time sent orders to the. explosion
vessel, under the charge of lieut. Fleming and
Mr. Parker, by cap I. lieaui* of the engineers, to
ler into the Mole; but the rcar-admira’
having thought she would do him essential »er-
TeiL at Bona; that fleet on its arrival in Englam
necessarily disoanded, and another, wit
proportionate resources, created and equipped;
tariff altluugh impeded in its progress by calms
vand alverse winds, has poured the vengeanc
xjf an insulted nation, in chastising the cruelties
fr>f a ferocious government, with a promptitude
% and examole, and highly honorable to the n
tfcjonal cli iracter, eager to resent oppression or
•• cruelty, whenever practised upon those under
their protection.
\V ould to God that in the attainment of t-ps
object I had not deeply to lament tiie severe loss j vice if exploded under the battery in his front,
* ytf so many gallant officers and men: they have 11 sent orders to tlu.-> vessel .to that effect, which
profusely hied in a contest which has been pecu- J were executed, f desired also the rear admiral
liarly marked by proofs of such devoted, eroistn I might be informed, (hat many of the ships bein
-as would rouse every noble feeling, did I dare] now in flames, and certain of the destruction ot
-indulge in relating them. I the whole, I considered 1 had executed the most
Their levdships will already have been inform- j important part of my instructions, and should
-ed by his majesty’s sloop Jasper, of my proceed- | make every preparation for withdrawing tiie
"ings up to the 14th inst. on which day I broke I *hips, and desired he would do so as soon as
-ground from Gibraltar, after a vexatious deteu- jpo-sible with his d vision,
iion, by a foul wind of four days.
The fleet, complete in all its points, with the
addition of five gun-boats fitted at Gibraltar, de
parted i.i the highest spirits, and with the most | bad long resisted the eager entreaties of several
There were awful moments during the con
flict, which I cannot now attempt to describes.
occasioned by firms: the ships so near us, and f
nw»r iole prospect of reaching the port of their around me, to make tiie attempt upon the outer
destination in three days; but an adverse wind frigate, distant about fOO yards, which at length
destroyed the expectation of an early arrivai, 11 gave into, and major Gossett, by
which was the more anxiously looked for by my-1 had been eager to land iiis con
side, who
eager
of
nutters,
i consequence of hearing, the day L sailed pressed me most anxiously for permission to ac-
frora Jibraltar, that a'large army had been as- I company lieui. Richards in this ship's barire.
, i ° *,*i . .... . I TH. ..,• ■ ...
-semn. "■*, and that very considerable additional j I he frigate was instantly boarded, and in ten
xvorics were tnrowing up, not only on both r^nks j minutes, in a perfect blaze: a gallant young mid-
r lso immediately about tiie eti-1 shipman, in rocket boat Mo. 8, although forbiil-
•<sf the city, out al
Tfance of tiie Mole: from this I was ap-
•|wehensive that my intention of making that
point my principal object of attack, hah
•4een discovered to the dey by the same means
he had heard of the expedition. This intelli
gence was, on the following night, greatly con-
den, was led by his ardent spirit, to follow in
support of the barge, in whicn lie was desperate
ly wounded, his brotner officer killed and nine
of ms crew. Foe barge i>v rowing more rapidly,
had suffered less, and lost but two.
File enemy’s batteries around my division
their companions, I tmomd do injustice to
many; and 1 trust there is no officer in the
fleet I have the honour to command, who
will doubt the grateful feelings 1 shall ever
cherish for their unbounded and unlimited
support. Not an officer nor tqan confined his
exertions within the precise limits of their own
duty; all were eager to attempt services which
I found more difficult to restrain than ekeite:
and no- where was this feeling more con
spicuous than in my own captain, and those of
ficers immediately about my person. My grati
tude and thanks are due to all under my com
mand, as well as to vice-admiral Capellen,
and the officers of the squadron of his majesty
the king of the Netherlands; and I trust they will
believe that the recollection oftlieirserviceswill
never cease but with my life. In no instance
have I ever seen more, energy and zeal; from the
youn'-est-midshipman to the highest rank, all
seemed animated bv one soul, and of which I
shall with delight bear testimony to their lord
ships whenever that testimony can be useful.
I have confided this dispatch to rear-admiral
Mil no, my second in command, from whom 1
have received, during the whole service intrust
ed to me, the most cordial and hono'uine
support. He is perfectly informed of every
transaction of the fleet, from the earliest period
of mv command, and is fully competent to give
tpeir lordships satisfaction.on any points which
I may have overlooked, erhave not time to state, i
trust I have obtained from him Ins esteem anti
regard, and I regret I ha l not sooner been
known to inm.
The necessary papers, together with the de
fects ot the ships and the return of killed and
wounded, accompany tiiii dispatch, and 1
am happy to say captains Ekins and Coode
are doing well, as also the whole of the
wounded. By accounts from the shore I un
derstand, the enemy's loss in killed and wound
ed is between six and seven thousand men.
In recommending my officers anil fleet to their
lordships protection uud favour. 1 have tiie
honour to be, ike. Exmouth.
filere follows a detailed return of the failed
and wounded, the insertion of which the limits
of our paper will not permit; but to supply tins
deficiency the following will suffice:
OS-BOARD THli BRITISH SRUADRON.
frilled—15 officers, 88 seamen, if 1 marines, 1
marine artillerist, i rocket troop and 4 boys.
.^ect, jihat on Sunday next a publi - *»
be offered up to Almighty God .. r
Interposition of His Divine Providence • i ’
the conflict which took place on the o~,
tween his majesty’s fleet and the ferorin,■
nnes of mankind. u
Iti
read to me snips', companies.
To the admirals, captains. n^rer-, sen,,,
rims, royal sappers and miners, »w?’
artillery, and the royal rocket corps. ^
bt
s fill
:is requested that this memorandum
I to the ships’, companies. ‘ ma . v 1
Queen Charlotte, Algi p.
• . ‘ nepteru er ]. •,!,.<•
* have the honor to acquaint y ( .,, ,
their lordships’ information, that 1 1^. '
captain K.'.sb.uie, with my duplicate d
as i am afraid that admit ai Milne. i n i' e
der, who has charge of the originals ma'v
ence a long voyage, tiie wind _ ’H.
_ . - laving stt,
westward a few hours after he saiiefl.
Captain Brisbane, co whom i f ee j
uebted for hi.-’ exertions and the
Sreaflv;
I iiave received from him throughout ti e
of this service, will be able to inform
ships upon ail points that I may
Admiral sir Charles Penrose
to take His share in the
V .Ur i„
!, :ni(
n out Med.—,5'j officers. 459 seamen, I Go ma
rines, 5 marine artillerists, 14 sappers and n.i
tiers, 4 rocket troops, 31 boys ana 1 2 supernu
meraries.
Total killed and wounded—128 killed and
690 wounded.
ON BOARD THE DUTCH SQUADRON.
Killed—13—l founded—52.
GRAND TOTAL.
Eight hundred and eighty three.!
Memorandum of the destruction in ihe Mole ofj ^
j / • • _ .. i /* .i .-.i . • :i
3 5 tiiC k Uj.(, ^
winch f lament, as much on his act.am
own; his services would have been u
every respect.
i nave the satisfaction to state, u
slaves in the city of Algiers, and inm,.- ,!,,
its vicinity, are embarked; as also
larsJor Maples, and 25,500 for Sardinia
treaties will be signed to-morrow, and I ,
be ubic to sail in a day or two.
ihe Minden has sailed for Gibral
refuted and will proceed from t
tnnate destination.
The Albion will bo refitted at Gibral La-
reception ol sir Charles P
'•'i.
ar hj j
hence iu her
fur - a
, . . , ciinne's flag, jp
1 oe obliged r 0 bring E.ne,.
i have the honour, tkc. | XM0 ,- T ,,
To J. W. Craker, esq. «yc. Admirals
Oiasgow i sun i
me.
\ AXNArl REPUBLICAN,
Tuesday Eveuiua. November 5,
a MOUTH’S OFFICIAL ACCOUNT
To the politeness of a jjenueman, p.. ?; n- tr in the shn
Thomas IChhons, lately from Liurp—,. ut-ire n'ebtt-
for lord Exmouth’s officia! ..c~
•im :>♦
v--cl- (n V!.
giei's. It differs but trivially from the Irenes u ^ „, Vt:
i:i last Saturd. y’s R,publican- bet, v. t .u, s ,j. .
»ng, the preliminaries more acc -rdaiit vvm. u firs,., h.
ntficeiice than represented iu the fo-mtr
national exception was insured in tiie dui^uni fc ...t
liberation of the unh-ippv persons, v. iio ;
groaned in Mgi-rine captivity; the smu m.o be s„..i r
t.ie stipulation auolishing- Christian shAen'r ; r.ci t r, e
som money, which the governments < t Nai.a, jj.n s-
17th
August,
Algiers, in the attack of the
18 i 6.
P'our large frigates, of 44 guns; five large cor
vettes, from 24 to 30 guns; all the gun and mor
tar-boats, except seven, 30 destroyed; sev. ral
diiiia hail paid the dev, in com;dunce "i it Exa. u ,
former treaty, has, instead of being iianmred ;ti Era
treasury vaults, been transmutcil to Uio,e powers. i>f
are thus particular, because the Freud, comm, s„:
official,” led us into inferences si n.ev hat err i.tr-,,,
merchant brigs and schooners: a great number of
small vessels ol various description:
all tae pon
toons, lighters, occ.; store-houses and arsenal,
with all tiie timber and various marine articles,
destroyed in part; a great manv gun-carriages,
mortar-beds, casks, and ship’s stores of all des
criptions. Exmolih.
•V ' r _7 i ’p ' O J I « ^ J
finned by the Prometheus,-which I had dispatch- were about ten o'clock silenced, and in a
«d to Algiers some ti ne before, to endeavor t
get away the consul. Captain Dashvvdod had
:ceeded m brin
His
^.ng away,
h's wife am
Avith difficulty su
^guised in midshipmm’s uniform
daughter* leaving a boat to bring off their infant
child, comiagdown in a basket with the surgeon
who thought he had composed it, but it unhap
pily cried in the gate-wav, and in consequence
the surgeon, three midshipmen, in all eightee
persons, were seized and confined as slaves i;
the usual dungeons. Toe child was seat off nex
morning by the dey, and as a solitary instance
of his humanity, i ought to be recorded by me.
Captain Dash wood further confirmed, that
about 40,000 men had been b.-ought down from
foe interior, and all the Jannisaries called in
from distant garrisons, and that they were inde
fatigably employed in their batteries, gun-boats
&c. and every where strengthening the sea-ue
fences.
The ships were all in port, and between forty
4ind fifty gun and mortar Ooats ready, with sever
al more in forward repair. The uey Had close
ly confined the consul, and refused either to
give him up, or promise Ins personal safety; nor
would he hear a word respecting the officers ami
tnen seized in the boats of the Prometheus.
From the continuance of adverse winds and
calms, tiie land to the westward of Algiers wa
tiot made before the 26th, and the next morning
•at day-break the fleet was advanced in sight of
the city, though not so near as I had intended.
As the ships were becalmed, I embraced this
opportunity of despatching a boat, under cover
of the Severn, with a flag of truce, and the de
mands I had to make, in the name of his royal
-highness the prince regent, on the dey of Al
giers (of which the accompanying are copies)
directing the officer to wait two or three hours
for thedey’s answer, at which time, if no reply
wa&setit, be was to return to tiie flag ship; he
wal met near the *!Lole by the captain of the port,
who, on being told the answer was expected in
one hour, replied, that it was impossible. The
officer then spiel Im would wait two or three
hours; he then observed, two hours was quite
sufficient.
The fleet at this time, by the springing up of
the sea breeze, had reached the bay, and were
preparing the boats and flotilla for service, un
til near two o’clock, when, observing iny officer
was returning with the signal flying, that no an
swer. had been received, altera delay of upwards
of three hours, I instautly made the signal to
know if the ships were all ready, which being
the affirmative, the Queen Charlotte
lie
II. B. M. ship Queen Charlotte,
Algiers Bay, listti August 1816.
Sir—For your atrocities at Bona, on defenceless
Christians, and your unbecoming disregard to tiie
demands 1 mafic yesterday, in the name of the
prim%: regent of England, flic fleet under niv or-
ot perfect ru n and dilapidation, and tne fire of
die ships was reserved as much as possible, to
save powder and reply to a few guns now ana
then bearing upon us, although a fort on the up
per angle ot the city, on which our guns could
not be brought <o bear, continued to annoy tiie
ships by shot, ami shells during the whoie time.
Providence at this interval gave to niv anxious
wishes the usual land wind, common in this bay,
and my.expectations were completed. We were
all hands employed warping and towing off, and
hi the help of tiie iight air, the whole were un
der sail, ami came to anchor out of reach of
shells, about two in the morning, after twelve
hours incessant labor.
I iie flotilla of mortar, gun and rocket boats,
under the direction of their respective artillery
officers, shared, to the full extent of their pow-
r, in the honors ol this day, and performed good
service; it was by their fire ail the ships in the
jmrt (with the exception of-the outer frigate)
were in flames, wiiicii extended rapidly over tiie
whoie arsenal, store-houses and gun boats, ex-
hibiting a spectacle of awful grandeur ana inter
est, no pen can describe.
Ihe sloops ol war which had been appropriat
ed to aid and assist the ships of the line i u l
prepare for their retreat, performed notonlv
Uiatduty well, but embraced every opportunity
ot firing through the intervals, and were con
stantly in motion.
I lie shells from the bombs were admirably
well thrown by the royal marine artillery; anil
although thrown directly across and over us. not
tiers lias given you a signal chastisement, bv the
total destruction of your navy, storehouses, and
arsenal, with half ot your Oatteiies.
As England doe» not war tor the destruction
ot cities, I am unwilling to visit your personal
cruelties upon tae inoffensive inhabitants of the
count ry, and i therefore offer you the same terms
of
peace, which 1 conveyed t >you yesterday in
my sovereign s name: without tiie acceptance
of these terms you can have no peace witn Eng
land.
if you receive this offer as you ought, you will
lire three guns, and 1 shall consider your not
making uns signal as a refusal, amt shall renew
rny operations at my own convenience.
1 offer you the above terms, provided nei
tlier the British consul, nor tiie officers and men
so wickedly seized by you from the boats ot a
British ship ot war, have met with any cruei
treatment, or any of die Christian slaves in your
power, and 1 repeat my demand, that tiie consul,
and officers and men, may be sent off to me, con
formable to ancient treaties. I have, &c.
Exmouth.
To his highness the dey of Algiers.
an accident, that 1 know of, occurred to any ship.
File whole was conducted in perfect silence, and
such a thing as a cheer I never heard in any part
of the line; and that the guns were well w orked
and directed, will be seen tor many years to
come, and remembered by these Barbarians for
ever.
The conducting this ship to her station by the
master of the fleet, excited the praise of all.
The former has been my companion in arms for
more than twenty years.
Having thus detailed, although but imperfect-
y, the progress of this short service, 1 venture
to hope, that the humble and devoted services of
myself and the officers and men of every descrip
tion I have the honour to command, vvill be re
ceived by his royal highness the prince recent
with his accustomed grace. The approbation of
our services by our sovereign, and thegood opin
ion of our country, will 1 venture to affirm, be re
ceived by us all with the highest satisfaction.
If I attempted to name to their lordships the
Queen Charlotte, Algiers Bay v
August 30, i8i6
GENERAL MEN ' RANDUM.
The commander-in-chief is happy to inform
the fleet ot the final termination of their strenu
ous exertions, by the signature of peace, con
firmed under a salute of twenty-one guns, on tiie
following conditions, dictated by his royal high
ness the prince regent of England;
I. Fhe abolition, for ever, ol Cliristian slavery.
II. The delivery, to my flag, ot all slaves in
the dominions of the dey, to whatever nation
they may belong, at noon to-morrow.
HI. f° deliver also, to my flag, ail money re
ceived by lum for the redemption of slaves since
the commencement of this year, at noon also to
morrow.
I V. Reparation has been made to the British
consul for all losses he may have sustained in
consequence of his confinement.
V. The dey has made a public apology, in As
presence of ins ministers and officers, and Deg-
ged pardon of the consul, in terms dictated uy
the captain of the Queen Charlotte.
The commander-in-chief takes this opportu
nity of again returning Ins public thanks to the
admirals, captains, officers, seamen, marines,
royal marine artillery, royal sappers and miners,
and tiie royal rocket corps, for tne noble support
he lias received from them throughout the wooie
! be “official,” led us into inferences s, :,.cv !
and it is tar from our intention to p#tjy ;ate «r c-tiat
fictitious occurrences of any sort, tspecialw such a
calculated to add obloquy to an object alre-dj 3 :
ail-ocity. No—England has enough to answer fr vna
out attributing to her toe creatures of our tuny.
Wiiiie we thus freely recant and render justice to 6
injured, we must contend, that, after al\ our forts-
conclusions were not far wide of tiie truth. The setae
benevolence of his lordship tends not in the sniau-
gree to dissipate the jealousy excited bv that unt.-,.r-
disposition of the “mother country” exhibited on
rous occasions towards this country. It is a mere pi.:
of words, extending to objects that it cannot afire; It*
knew that none of our citizens were under tin Iasi a;
Algerine task-master, and that we had aire.vlv ren.ts
every guarantee against the future enslavement of w
people that could be obtained from a barbarous i n
principled nation. So that, with respect to us.
cions covenant is quite nugatory—a v«.in assumption, c
he has secured for America what her os n in - re pia, \ .at
conquered—or r.ttlicr an attempt to Uy cunus A •
gratitude, by robbing the Republic of he carls.th
fame. Hence, the very sophistry cancels what . c
establish; and we are left at liberty to v.Vc • u,t
picious an eye as ever all the measures thai Ea^ ... :r..y
in future adopt wiffcli in any manner ca.i in ert rt *.ti
our interest.
Had, however, the result of this experh ion bt-n -if
restoration of thousands of our citizens, though ■ ”
sent generation would be under some chip,tea
land, yet the future would have just cause .
her for having-suffered those scourges of
a -nng
. to :e.
mam in a situation, whence thev have the
suming, at convenience, their cruelties, w.
iessiy not be neglected—when she might withe-' •
hilate their political existence, bv the service ot et -
merous and idle military, who are eager fi r asru* !
activity. Certainly all the evils which Algiers
after inflict on the world are attributable so u; ta K
selfishness and bloody policy.
It has often been observeth, by superficial remark ■‘ti. ! ‘ :l '
it is astonishing 6iie should regard with indifference 1 *
inviting allurements which B.trbary hoitia xi.rti: f t ^
establishment of European colonies. Ten ost respetst
is infinitely superior for the cultivation of tropical p#® I
toiler Hest-Iiidian dominions, wi'.ich,consult ring 'a- H
natural position and our encreasing strength, must ti
long become an appendage to the United 8'a:es. 13"*
ry is more immediately within the reach of her fleets, i-
in its colonization, neither tiie loss of lives and time,
the prodig'ious sums expended in opening the woods'
Jamaica can be incurred. The country is in general rl«5
paign, and, when the seat of aris, was exceeded by no'
and equalled by few in fertility. Nut omy might F H
tain from it draw supplies for most of her artificial
but with its surplus grain feed her fi.mishing subgr.:-
years of want. Forgetting the prominent tr.it-
character, these advantages added to ’it cans' of-’
inanity’, must, they think, were she convinced ot tiuir -
alitv', bias her in favor of attempting settlements in * 1
piratical sta.es. Hut all; such amazement ought to > j
aide, w hen it is recollected that her commtrct with 1 ’
Mediterranean is more extensive and durable than tf>
w ith tiie Antilles, and the subjugation oi Al ei-s ■<
be the destruction of an essential part of the sys ,; -
adopted to preserve her mercantile supremacy. Bii:®*
as we shall e: . e or io i rove, she contemplates b
reduction of a country much more prolihe and of
times the political importance.
The perusal of a scarp, in a London' paper, of 5
gust last, awakened a lively recollection ot the vir ’
which induced the French Directory to dispatch the a
pedition to Egypt in 1768. The circumstance recoup
ed was the destruction of a settlement, lately fotino^.
by governor Farquhar, in Madagascar, by the natnn^
that island. The fomi. tion of a colony in so remote, ^
ttf’
rather unfrequented, a corner, by a nation possessing
ritories almost boundless and many unsurpassed by .
richest of any other power, naturally engaged the
in endeavoring to explode her intentions in that 4 U3 , U ^
As the abolition act has given the slave trade its fj u!t ’ ^
Mozambique and the opposite coast of Africa call,l< \ y£
objects of so much commercial importance as to w ,
- - their neighbor!^
the erection of an English colony in men - l£w
for the gold dust and ivory they furnish are * nc ‘ ,n p"
bv tiie refuse thev afforded P n
of rn vduo® ««* 2 toi’- £3
rable. To an indolent and superstitious nation, -■- j ,
tugal, whose most important purposes are slaves 3 .
fieldfor the zeal of her priests, alone can they be imp 01 ) i(
Tne pertinacity with which Castlereagh, at the
like Po"
Pans in 1814, insisted on the retention of Mau^*** ^
1J14'
together with Mauritius and tfie Isle of France
accounted for thp iipfuu’p th#*u otfnpHpd orbatec!