Newspaper Page Text
OBORCIA I.EtiISLATiKK.
. ”'**' SS Sleuiark*
*' 2 " :<s Rc-'o! U.ons. e*id in reply io Mr. Xea! , oj !
A-t*i/tri, in the hen-.-a of lleprisintativts, on the j
30.'/t of Xo-<cr*,s t v t 183 J.
Mr. StAß*,
I h* in edmplianeo-with tho icquest \
triiiiij by yburseff and others, hand you, fori
}’>sb'iication in your paper, the substance ofj
ttio remarks made by me, on the motion of
Mr. Neal of Newton, on the 30th of Novem
ber last, to reconsider the Preamble ant! Re
solutions introduced by myself and the Reso
lution offeree) by Gen. Bates of Hull, on the
subject ot Nullification and the cotnsc pursu
ed by South Carolina. I shall consider it but
an act of justice, that Editor* of papers who
have published Mr. Neal’s speech, will give
an insertion to my remarks in reply. I wish
it understood this reply is not given as being
verbatim as and liven and : but i have taken a
liberty not unusual, of retrenching in some
particulars and extending some of the ideas.
DUNNtS L. RYAN.
.■■tit. Speaxes: —larise under peculiar
ombarrassment Tito course of the gen
tleman from Newton (Mr Neal) has been
so little compatible with the order of the
House, and thccourtcsv generally exten
ded between its members, that I am
somewhat at a loss how to fashion a re
ply. rite castigation that gentleman has
plat received at the hands of the gentle
man from Richmond (Oca. Glascock) an 1
thggontiemm from Camion (.Ur. Ward)
might satisfy one, much more dispsd
than I am to see the law oi retaliation
pii in force,’even when opprobio.is c,;i
thets and uncharitable denunciations arc
hurled bach, witlt high-thin Jed manliness,
in rh ; teeth of those who uttered .them.
The gentleman from Newton (Mr. N.)
propounded some interrogatories to the
gentleman from Hancock" (Mr. Ilaynes)
and myself, ar 1 said “I pause for a reply;
an ; none is made." I now, Mr. Speaker,
invite the gentleman from Newton (Mr.
N.) to put as many Interrogatories to me,
as lie may think proper, and I will an
swer him seuiatim ; one by one. “I pause”
to give the gentleman an opportunity to
pros '?:: - • the examination. No question
being ask ii, l proceed. 1 cal! upon the
mem . rs of t.’i.s House, and gentlemen
i r.cc who occupy the gallery, to bear me
witness, tint ‘ alter the strictest order of
our sect I have lived” A Troup Max;
and 1 defy the gentleman fram Newton,
(Mr. N.) to pariicuralize wherein 1 have
been guilty ol a dereliction of principle, or
a material departure from the doctrines of
the Republican Party of Georgia, for the
last twenty-nine years. Why then am 1
anathematized and politically gibited for
the crying sin of apostasy ? Because I
have not joined in hosaitnas to South'Car
olina Nullification. The gentleman from
Newton, (Mr. N.) alludes to a subject on
which he appears conscious that it is ma
terial that some gentleman should be sen
sitive. Because, Cays Mr. N) they or
some of their friends leave not been grati
fied in their ambitious views in pursuit of
office. Perhaps (continues Mr. N.) it
may be because of the defeat of a certain
gentleman, who has recently been a can
didate for Congress. So far as these in
sinuations were intended for me, they
have no point or force as they regard me
individually, for I have never asked, office
of the party; and therefore my “ambitious
views in pursuit of office” have never fail
ed to bo gratified. As regards the other
portion of the insinuation, I will only re
ply, it' those who acted in bad faith to the j
party, and those 'who “kept the promise
to the car and broke it to the sense” stand
justified to their own CCk .'i . U-e, r,'.)d yn
the eyes of their fellow-citizens, so be it.
I shall, at least, stand ajoof from entering
into any more cacces’arrangements.—
The result of those of the last year have
but verified my former experience, that
they are much more frequently the -consu
ltation of intrigue, than the concentration
of party sentiment.
The gentleman from Newton (Mr. X.)
says, he hopes “They (Alluding to Mr.
Haynes of Hancock and-myself) will ex
plain why it is that they both now act
with their former opponents, and that too
at the sacrifice of their principles.” This
is a grave onset—but so far as 1 am con- i
ccrned, I will essay
* With truth’s fair shield to ward tho blow,
And turn tho weapon back upon tho foe.”
When tho Preamble and Resolutions j
were under discussion tendering this Half
for the accommodation of the contempla
ted Convention, I opposed their adoption
on principle; and ueclared I could not
vet consent to recognize the intended
Convention as the Representatives of the
People of Georgia. When they should
have determined on the respective elec
tions of the members of their own body,
an l should have duly organized tlicm
s-dves as a Convention of the People of
Georgia, 1 would vne for the Speaker in
viting them to occupy this Chamber for
their sittings; but till they did this, ]
would not volunteer so to designate them
in advance. I would enquire, with all
due dafercnce to the gentleman’s political
orthodoxy, what is the political herresy
couched in these sentiments, and if they
are not the identical principles asserted
in the Preamble and Resolutions now un
der discussion. The mode by which this
Convention was got up, was, to say the
least, novel, if not entirely unprecedented.
Its inception was premature and hasty,
and its prolonged existence, is so far as
my knowledge extends, without a parallel
in the nistory of these United States, Is
it going to fled fro a p rpcfti.d xistiwr.e—
Us recess for > igtu ninths is -tmi.g iutficu- ?
tion of such a disposition. Are thrso the/
dojs of Revolution T Or Ims the constituted
authorities of Georgin, displayed so much I
imbecility or corruption, as to requite such I
steps to be taken, and that too, totally uncon- 1
nectcd with their agency ? I have ' asserted j
in the course of this debate that I was pro- j
pared to justify and support e very proposition;!
declaration and statement made in tho I’re-,
amble and Resolutions ; and i now reiterate >
the assertion that the Delegates who voted on
and lor the Resolutions ol the Convention,
did not represent a majority of the Represen
tative Population of Georgia by 70,000 and
as respected the counties in the State, they j
were in the proportion of twenty nine to forty j
nine. Iho Preamble and Resolutions now j
tha subject of debate, assort that the Resolu
tions ol the Convention “were adopted by the
Delegates of a minority of the people .” In
verification of this assertion, tho following
facts and deductions therefrom, are submit
ted. luc counties fully represented accor- \
ding to tlic ratio contemplated by the circu-j
!ar of tlie Committee of seven, appointed un
der tuc Athens R solution, and whose Dele
gates voted on and for th ■ Res dutions, and
in the shape they passed, we reßaker,
Baldwin, Clarke, Columbia, Effingham, Ki
ln rt, Greene, Heard, Jeff rso.u, .Tones, Lau
rens, Marion, Mo mtosh, Monroe, Montgomery,■
dorgan, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Seriven, Tali
Met ro, fiio nas, Troup and Upson. Twentv
loree counties, with a representative popula
tion of ] 10,600. The counties partially rep- j
ms n!ed were, Bibb (one half) Burke (one !
ilur!,) Cherokee (one lir.lf,) Decatur (one j
nil!) Oiytin (one half.) Hancock (one third.)!
Jackson (two thirds.) Mcrriwcfher (one half) '
Muscogee (one hall,) Newton (one third.) and I
[ A arreu (onalhir.!.) Eleven counties partial- 1
r prrsetilrd, with a Representative* pops- f
Ltion-of GB,GJ3. Making t! total .of thirty !
lour cbm,-tie?, with a rcprosfcrriStire poptrfc-j
lio.i of 207,258. The total Representativa I
population ofGcorgia is I t fis7l, IjVuin this
deduct the total representative population of :
the thirty-four comities represented and par-j
tially represented by tho Delegates who vot. ;! J
rn, and fur the Resolutions &c. say 207,253,!
ami it leaves forty-six counties eidirtdy tin-j
represented, < r who voted o gainst the lie fro- j
hit ions ke. when they passed, with a r. pr. -
sentati ve population of ‘237,206, constituting a
majority ot 80,033 of unrepresented id; r. sen
t.itive population. But it would bo entire!”
consonant with propriety to consider tlm I
eleven con:.ficp partially rrprr-.itct), accor.lv!
,: ’S !o “i- relative proportion of tho Delegates !
from each, uno voted on and for the Resolu-1
lions. The result will then be, ilial 35,058 j
representiilive'jiopulation must lie deducted;
tiom 207.258, the rcpresentalive population
ol the thirty four counties repr serited and j
partially represented, and who voted on and )
furl he Resolutions. I’his will then leave tin
twenty-three counties, a representative popu-j
lation of 171,710. Then the number 35,558
should lie added to 237,293 —these numbers
added tog. tT r make 272,844 from which
deduct 171,110, tire actual number of rep
resentative population represented by those
D legates who voted on and for the Resolu
tions, there remains 101,131. The result
ot tin’s is (it the data is correct, and if there is
truth in figures) that the Delegates who voted
mi and for the Resolutions &c. fell 101.093
short of representing a majority of the Rep.
resentative Population of Georgia. Placing
ilic mailer in the most favorable point of view
as regards t!iccounties’, we have shown, ♦hat
ifiey stand as thirty-four is to fortv six. But
when wecons dcr the eleven counties part al
ly represented according to the real num
ber ol their Delegates who voted on and |
tor the Resolutions, Arc. we will find that ;
Burke, Hancock, Newton and Warren*
should be taken from the thirty-four, and i
placed to the forty-six, reducing the thirty i
tour to thirty and making the forty-six, til
ty ; and that Bibb, Cherokee, Decatur, I
Glynn, Merriwethcr ahd Muscogee, being j
equally divided should be also taliCU i’i'OUl
the thiny-muf Go;:gtics— (hep the matter)
would really stand, twenty-four counties
for the resolutions, Arc. and fifty-six against
their adoption. It the seeeders had been
all present when the vote was taken, it
would in all probability, have stood for tho
resolutions sixty three, and fifty-nine a-!
gainst the i, leaving a majority of only |
tour in favor of their adoption—the Presi
dent did not vote, and fortv-iivc of the De
legates would still have been absent. The 1
seventy who remained and voted on the j
resolutions, were nqj a majority of tiiej
Delegates to the (Convention as contem
plated by .the Lexington Resolutions, or
the Circular of the committee of seven,
who acted under the Athens Resolutions—!
a lie Lexington Resolutions contemplated
a number pf Delegates equal to tho m;m
--| her that compose the Senate and House of
j Representatives of the General Assembly;
oi Georgia, but the general will seemed to
settle down on the recommendation of die
Circular ot the Committee of seven a
number equal to the Representatives each
county was entitled to in the House of
Representatives—that number is cne hun
dred and sixty-eight, tlio majority of which
would be eighty-five, so that they fell short
by 15 the number oi Delegates compe
tent to do business. Will any person hav
ing the least pretensions to information,
say that seventy members of the 1 louse
of Rcprosentalies of the General Astern-j
bly of Georgia in the absence of the rcsi- !
due could pass any law, “ordinance” or
resolution.
But il may be said these n ere patriotic, ho
nor..bio ami talented individuals,and possess
ed the confidence of a portion of their f, llaw
citizens. J’his is granted most cheerfully,
and many of them tiro those with whom 1
h:ive acted as a co-woiker on the great ques
tions that have agitated Georgia, tor sninc
! years past But were fev an hundred foil!
inore patriotic, talented and honorable, and
had our former political association been ten j
times more intimate. I would-not consent to]
lay at their fei t, what I consult r the. great!
fundamental principle of ItfpescntuHrc Dr- 1
mocracy —that in all their (delegated a smi
blics, the majority only cat act, and the ma
jority only can control.
The expressions in itie first resolution “it
a Southern Convention Ip dtsir-hli.” An .
have attracted the spcci.-l attention of s< \. i
gentlemen, and I lie gent! titan trom Nt M ttm.
(.Mr. N.) in the plenitude of ins ehainy, it
reference to thismaiUr, doubts vt-rv mucJ j
the sincerity of some at least. Wnh w. a> j
propriety could tho Represenlativ. of tin j
people, advise and recommend tin in to rail . ,
Southern Convention in the same breath that
they express their desire that the proof
should, on the first Monday in January 1833.
declare by their suffrages whetberpr not they
j consider a Southern Convention proper anti
expedient at this time. And furthiir, is it not
known, that thorn exists some contrariety ot
opinion ns r.- gards the constitutionality of a
Southern Convention. Then most!certainly.
with strict proprii iy, the expression, “ if a
lSouthern Convention be desirable,” Raves
[tlie whole matter o;>en to the decision ol
;the unbiassed ju gmont of the p< ople.—
: While on this part of the subject, 1 will
briefly advert to the declaration of the
gentleman from Newton, (Mr. N.) that
our whole plan of a Southern Conven
tion is defeated, because, says that grntle
;man, “has not Tennessee already refused,
and hqs |pt South Carolina gone too far
;to accede to such propositions, it won Id
Ibe a retrogade step in her to consent to
such a proposition in her present attitude;
and pray gentlemen (triuinj hantly asks
Mr. N.) where will you find your six
States to concur.” I grant that Tennes
see has declared tier unwillingness to go
into a Southern Convention; but let it be
recollected, this ..rrAvillingness was de-
in answer to an application oj the
bWiircniitTti of and States Rights
Party of South Cau-kna, ih.- T their Rep
resentative, and that it was ka’TMvn that
Convention, like the,bne which recently
sat in Millcdgeville, represented a rfiinofl
*V oj the people. But I have not the
smallest, doubt, should Tennessee be call
ed on by tlie voice of the People of Geor
gia, she will give a very difierent response
to such an invitation from her sister State.
As regards South Carolina at. J South
M’n Cc-nventio-:, 1 conceive she’ has not
yet “gone too far” to accede to such an
invitation — bu'fiJefit bc admitted sue has
“gone too far ’ —is it impossible the
other live States may come into the meas
ure. Let gentlemen disgtrse tho matter
as they may, the secret lies in lliis, that
the Resolutions now voider discussion, ex
press the views and feelings of those who
look in the LAST RESORT to secession
ami a confederation of Southern States:
while the majority of their opponents and
the majority of those who voted in favor
ol the Resolutions adopted by the Septua
ginary Convention which recently s-xt in
Milledgeville, are for a Southern Conven
tion should Georgia and South Carolina
only be found willing to adopt the meas
ure, and then carry any recommendation
they may determine on into effect by sepa
rate state action, and thus under ihe
cabalistic word NULLIFICATION in
South Carolina, and RESISTANCE in
Georgia. As respects that part of the
Resolutions denouncing Nullification and
the course of South Carolina, which was
adopted by tho House on tlie motion oi
the gentleman from llall (M r. Bates) pr r
mit me to remark, if the gentleman from
Newton (Mr. Neal) had die occurrences
of the session of 1830 fresh in his memo
ry, lie might bear me witness, that on the
discussion of the Cherokee Land Bill, 1
distinctly declared I was a strict c< n-
STEi.-CTio.NiST ami iiu .Y u'<Kfur. ar.-Gidiiur to
the meaning ()hI , :S( ,- by
° •' politicians cf Sot:’!i C.iroliaa. Those
a ere in)’ sctitiments at ti.at time, in.! during
tho lust summer, in the public pup* r. - tin y
wire rciterateo with an avowal that I had
since 1830 seen nothing to change my opin
ion. iho latter putt of this resolution if !
bad my preference, would have bleu exntin
gt and, and I so voted, on the cpiesihtu to strike
il out. However I-inay deprecate I fie course
of South Carolina, 1 f. It r.o dispe ition, in a
I public capacity to interfere with lnr int< rnal
I regulations, f al-o ac’cd on t!iis .pti.ncip e,
in the Warren county meeting in septi ml < r
last. If South Carolina is “joined to her
: idols. ’ I would sav, as for us, kt our pbliic
al at lor at ion he direeied lo somollii n tr hss nea
rcablc and more inmmtcbjc. Mv course as
no- advocate of Slat Righis Isas 'nevtr been
ejpiivocal cr vasciil.-tiiig. L’rvim the days <>f
the old and new treaty—the Tassels case—
: down to the present Missionary case—l have
never “d.dlied” or “doubted.” No Mr. Spea
ker I nas not among those wlo in 1830
shrunk from the occupancy, (imfiion. If 1
have not been he first to assert ind sustain
the sovereignty of Georgia, 1 have never been
in the rear, and should the time come, which
Heaven forfend, that the relations bet wot n
tin United States government and Georgia,
calls for d< cisive action, or a surrenderof any,
right essential to her sovereign y, i too \vi 1 i
| he found saying “he that dallns is a dastard.
; ukl he that doubts is ” rontlepiinod—l
trust I shall tic among those of whom it may
he said they ‘ resist) and unto blood, striving a
gainsl ’ Federal encroachment. •
Now let tlie scope and tenor of these facts,
he compared w ith the rßlNciri.Es n.- st rt< and in
the Preamble and Rt suhtTiotis, the sut jet of
this debate, and what veracious, and cumlid
man will sny,t!iat Ir.cn ■ ct with my former
opponents at the saaifec of my principles.
No sir, it is not so. Tho truth of the case is
a banner hearing th’s inscription, “ The Fed
eral inion, it must bo preserved,” I.ns been
raised, and we have simultaneously rallied in
ii3 and f ncc. Mr. Speaker, 1 knew 1 need
not attempt to impress the importance of n
mted councils when such grave subjects arc
to be decided on. We were literally a uni
ted people on former questions ofStsitc Rights,
since tho contest of 1825. Tho new gloss
given to Blate Right'-’dcUrine?, and the rash
MACON ADVEII TlfcEß.
7. a! of its promt'jfgh tors' have !<nd ft tmrki.c;. I
o i xliil it us to the Wi rhl ; s a tin I- ici n* uj ti. >
Lilt :r, nut a < iii, t( | j, ; * reo-.ri ? j
1 r wrong?; t lit its r-. i.n's in. on. j. ~i ii.iu ;
,ir ' •’* 1 ,!i ' “'• li tit i.f till Cl li.M. tJ'ltllOt f |
.iiiut tin y uni}, t i y aro eii.iri-iulk io tin a- ;
.il.ilors >l Aln oh at,(| |, xu.{;tcu. Tin \ |
• Vl r( ' " ' r -* M and ~:i lilt’ t m.i.s 111 lilt: iinliico.—
itlllln ljtt.il- 1-. XIIIJ.IIHI iilitii> r I r.i-s <1 lilt IV;C
--..i0 Vrtic-. \v..s,,tln I. .-.oil -till ffo.:- !
in:! (no t.nul era r fused, lies iici me m,
,ii ad oi Ini cor;;. I”—Tm, 1 ,t,.- Coiigr. as oual
1 1; cl ion p.m l a practical commentary on i!ii>
ti xi. Not hi g but airinipcrious sense of du
ty could have iniinci-ii mo loeiiHr into tin
cont- st vv liich mil, 1 fear, oveiitinillv rrow out
ot in sc proci 1 (liiicn ! find my si It'in c| po
sition to tunny will) whom it ha.-, Ik On in,
* ride to net I have hern witii tin u,
when in the majority ami the minoiitv.
i3ut painful as is tin- pi rturinauce of fucli a
ut} 1 hat duty I will perfmni ;.t 1 In: In 7.7. , r
ot personal good f, < ling or political a.esoei,..
1.011. '{’he fun-laiiient.il principl. s of our
•government are involved in the issue. In
such a contest my motlo is inv cmisc.ii no*
and my country ins', and tin ti my parly.
When ore at fundamental primp ics are 111-
vn -vi and, we should emit a\or to lav .’.side out
naity liiast s. W o simnld vii vv the pi oj>!e ot
1;1 e Smtno one. wind , null not eons 11! 1 r 11ui
c.r tnat parly as J> gitimatt ly and < xc-li.sive.y
the criterion hv which we were to estimate
uliat is 'the Voire if The People cr the tm
tpii'oc I . Min ss on „f the Peg; .Yu Will.
let ns then discard party distinctions aid
take Plate Sovi r< ignU—the Unioi —the Con
stiniimu, trig ji neto in ino, !’uj>lic Jlait’i
•nks; —for our 1 anm r. Under tins w<- siiall
!_o on “ cmujiif riiio and to compii 1” ’hi] i!n
-aui of Rcprcanitii.'irc iJcmverocy shall ‘*a
risc witii healing in his wines” and dispi I
fro 11 our polilic-l horizon the mists of Ih 5;...
tistii, Monarchy and Aristocracy “ !>y tin
hr chine ss of his coming” ,'mil discord am
anarchy pive place to “ peace on earth ami
good u ill to nil 11,’*
Mr. Spoal; 1 r, T iiVnu ii'uj: CC'. .Op! ncc. to- n.y
constituents (or an approval of the course nr.
conscience and erst judtrinent have prompter
tno to pursue, i have taken my stand 'and t
infeed in maintain it
tti'.surc, cr tho’ critics sneer,
I'luru and oy influence unil unawM by fear.”
F.:o.'.[ Tim Ci'.OTGIA JOURNAL.
n'ir. iTt'lj- to Mic. Craw
fe i’ 5? •
TO TIIE 1 ÜBLIC.
I have seen in the “Journal of the
Times,’a Letter, from the Mon William
1 1, ( tawiord addressed to the Ih n. U on
n:s 1,. Uvan, a minder ot the pieient 1
H ouse of Kepresei.tativi sof Georgia. In
witatever motiv es the correspi ndiirce hi -
tween these gentli men rr.av have origi
nated, has ior its object, ’the
tio i o! Gov. Li mpilun and myself for cer
tain alledged inconsistences, ‘in relation to
the great qui stions which now ongacc tin
attention of the people of Georgia'.' Upon
this ass c ation o! names, I will simply re- I
mark, that il the* hesolutions adopteci Lv j
on vent ton of the j topic, reci ntlv as j
semhled at Miiliedgc villc, have met witii
the approbat'd! of Gov. Lumpkin, I have
not enough of :Jie feelings of a partisan, ti.
he dissatisfied w-tn them on that aecoiat
—mi the eoni vary, it atK.rds me gratil.ca
non to believ e', that they have been so ap
proved, by many pair otic and in elligeni
membcis of the party, with which lie is as
soctated. My prose 1 a ous ness. how. ve’i.j
is \v ;tn tor. C rnw'oro’.i letli r, or so much
of it, as relates to myself, lie pro esses
to have no rnhion dy fccilinps towards;
me, and states that the relations between i
tiS have alway s been amicable. Vet,!,, I
comes, nncallt and, before the pi.l lie— he has
voluntarily assumed the oti.ee of an ac.
cuscr, and instead of disclosing the mer
its of the measures adopted by the Con
I vention, for which ho- chores to hold nu
j responsible; he exltiu sts himself in a vain
land futile attempt to ias tn upon me the
jimputaiion of inconsistenev. How far!
j .his may consist with .Mr. Crawfords no
lio.as of arnity. or of amicable relations, 1
sh.ab’ not stop to inquire. ( nan occasion
like !i. ; s, lam equally indisposed to eour,
any n.an's friendship, and to depr cate
any man’s enmity. In unithig with mv
fellqw-citn.'ei’s at Athens, and ejsewliere*!
have exercis ’d the rig.ht of a private citi
zen. In partii ypAling in tho deliberations
of the Coiiventioi ’. * have d’s dtargeil mv
duty as one of the jTVuegut s o r the people
oi Monroe. For this, the press has teem
ed with misrepresentations of my conduct.
Anonymous seriblcrs hdve given free,
scope to their malignity, at. and men who,
until now, have been implica 1 Ic in their
resentments, have buried then’ ancient
feuds to unite in the denunciation o ' an 'n
dividual, who is as indillercnt to their
spleen, as they are heartless in their p”0-
lessions of confideiroc in each other. M,'i
Crawford has now thrown his weight into |
the scale of my accusers. I will not savj
that ldo not regret this. Mr. t ’ravvfofd’S'
public character has been a source of just!
pride to the people of G'eorgij, and 1 have ’
participated in this feeling. I cannotd
however, be unmindful of the-duty of self-j
defence, by su! mittingin silence to these*
reiterated masreprcsnilations of my con-!
duct; hut neither will I forget tho respect
which 1 owe to myself, end to the public,!
by an exhibition ot the arrogance and the!
acrimony, which have characterised these
accusations.
I\lr. Crawford s general charge is inoon- ’
sistenev. His specifications arc two-ful 1. !
Ist. He asserts, that the atli Kesohition
adoj/ted by the Convention,recognizes the!
doctrine of A u I’i feat ion; and that not
withstanding this, I did at Athens an l
elsewhere, declare my hostility to this
doctrine.
f’d. He refers to the Resolution of that
body, which reccmmcnds a Southern'
Convention, and then adverts to an ; atM
uiiss uciivuiuly n e to the eftizet-s o.;
iii-ir.c, in which i cijitiscd the opinion.;
ihat u obi ibe tuft t.\ cniien was Uiconsii j
luuonal, unict s 11 was inUnccd 10 Lc con-!
Sidiative and recoinn endalbry onh., i.i:
which case u would le l.ain.iots ficm, i.si
imLccitity.
1 design to slate these charges truly,
andinalt their toiio. — extenuuung noth
ing—setting down naught in malic*. —and
‘renaming nern the indulge nee of the kel
ing, wliicli such an attempt to misrepre
sent my conduct, is calculated to awaken.
’J he latter task is rendered less dill call,
from the conviction, that ihe effort is harm
less, and that i.s im potency my be den.on
strated.
1 begin by an admission Ihave, on!
all proj er occasions,caelated my inability
jto acquiesce in t!.e doctrine oj Nullil.ca- ‘
; lion. 1 oid so Itfojc 1! e n citing < i the
'( invention. In ade the same dcclaiation
j iu the discussion of the resolutions in com- ■
; mnlce. 1 have rejialcdit since, and 1
i reiterate it now. if J could have gone ;
one slip fuller, and have i inoimhij
’IIIOSE Will) DID MANTA IN ’IIIE tOCTHIKE, I
j I should probably l.ave been sj ared the
. trouble oi penning these 11 n ail s. '1 Ids. !
,l owever, 1 have unifoimlv refused. ( n
! the contrary, I have often and publicly de
j elated, (and ti e dielaiatiim 1 dot 1 t not,
j has gieutly aggiavated my Ifll.ee.) that
1 tine wue ami r.g the advi can s of ibis
; doctrine, men as pure, as patiiotic. and as
[intelligent,'as thote who diflered from
them. J have refused to join in tho de
nunciation of the people of Fouth G’atoli
t*l'* —I lane ci nsioeicd il at we lad the
same grievances to coiripjltiin of, and that
the community of our interest, made it
the duty o! each to conciliga-, rathi r and am
to of lend. 1 could net convince mvsoh of
t. c ]-ii pr.cty of the uainalv, to.vviiich they
|\vne itiChJ to Ji tUaij o-cot.rse, but licit
jthat they and we ; wre%in : ggirfelfgil*f:st
,cen,n on oj pre;slon,- and "l did not bc
jliiyo it lobe the cictafe of patriotism, I<f
j unite my.se!f with those, who were alike
In stile to dam and io us. 1 souylit ratli
(T by a lain, vc-t it 11 pi rate com sc of a.c
tion in Georgia, to pit suit Jo Fm 111 (’; r
olina a position, on which she should have
retired vviikont clishcnor. and to all and e
Southern States a rally ing point, ft cm
i which, wi bout jeepsidb.ii g ti e Uni< n.
I they might unitedly and eiheiimly l av<
j ,C 1 tiled tl e 1 suij aliens of vshitii w i ci nt
j I’kiin. It is my lim convitiwi, tliat this
desirable 11 suit has 1 ei n. \ tevi ti and, only
liy division an ong ourstlvi-s. \\ lat oth
er evilsmay ioi.ovv in the tiain of these
disensiot.s, vvhiilt ere -till so zealot sly
omentid, titr e vv ill elisci.vi t ; but thus at.
da want oi mien at I 1 n e,. 1 as Inn fatal
to the ti st lioj is o patriotism.
1 have-adnsiiti j, that in the- very act o'
discussing unit seq-pm ting the risolutiin
specii.td fiy Air. ( ravv’oid, 1 dec lari il mv
uissciit from il- ed. ctiine o! At. Hit calk n.
Loes that lie solution then j reclaim this
docttine ! Fuvh is ivir. t raw oid s assii
.ion ; and he tells us, that il ties is not so,
lie is “no judge of die Lngiish language. ’
1 have cet :y mly no desire to | ress the al
iiinat.u , but even at the hazard of seel
a consecuei.ee, (since 1 c wills 11.) I aft in
.hat the ltsolLikn referred to, does 1.0.
assert tl c docttinc o; Null f cation: Let
us sic what it is, which this risolutiin
ui cb ariu tn : It asserts three tiling;
is;, ihat iti no con cderatect l ovein
tr cnl, the proweis ot which .arc ex j 11 s--. lv
nuiitcd by da* ( onsdtutii 11, it is css. n iai
■hat thtre should exist somewhere,a p ew
er authui’iuvelv to im 1 j.ret that instru
ment, to diciue iu the lest resirt, in 1! 1
or abi.se ot the authority which it con
ieis onihe common agent of the e areue
-1 t atmg Ftati s.
1 ’-u. ihat this power cannot lekug to
| the agent.
, ku. 1 hat in the absence of a common
arbiter, exjuisaly dcsigi.a.cil by the Cen
} Siitu'uon, each Ftate, as such, for itself,,
aid in virtue of is soveieigntv, isnecessa
j >'dy mmii.cu to the cxeic.sc oi'that tight.
| NVliica of thesp propiositions does Mr.
j Crawford deny ( If the t.rst, tlten tite iiai
it 1 lions ol the Constitution are useless—
-1 since tliet e exists; no where a power to in
| terpret and ea orce them.
Ii the second—the same consequence
; will follow ; % for the agent who is entrus
j ted wan the execution ol these powers,
j wall he the sole judge of his own conduct.
| The di til aiiirms, that each State fo
, itself, and in virtue o; its sovereignty, has
; the right to interpret the Constitution to
1 decide Jn the lust resort, on the use or a-
I liusc o, the powers conferred on the com
mon agent. Does Mr. Crawford deny
this 1 i so, the same consequence will
sl.ll follow. The limitations of tlie Con-!
stitntion will be a dead letter. But if this
proposition be denied, we must blot from
° *r recoi ds every' legislative opinion on
tnis subject. \\ e must withdraw from
the archiycv of tlie Senate of the United
S ales, the solemn protest which we have
'•epouited there. \\ bat ia the lauc-nagc,
of the Ecgisl tturc in l u>7 ? “They ailinn !
that those who cre.Ue a delegated Gov
ernment, have lawfully the po\ver to re
strain it within proji-er bounds.” They a'-
finn “dtat the proper constituents of the
General Government, are the States—and
the States arc to that government, what
the people are to the Stati s.”
hi 1 UH, they us? this language—“Th
•States respectively have, therefore, in the!
opinion of your committee, the cliques I
t ion a hie right, in case of any infraction of!
the general compact, or want of good
lattn in the performance of its obligations,)
to complain,remonstrate, and even to he-'
ri rrl rnrriiNCE to any measure S
General t ovirtimciii, manifestly a--' ■
aua m v.o'miono the Constitution Ch
EV ALU SU MEANS t:u:ir m , IY '
‘-'iSi-D BV A SOV UlifCN ASfD IM-
Gov N-1.” \\ luu again was ti'eln?
gi.age of the p retest ot fbnb > qp c •
iatuie of Ccorgia ti ihrrni) o r a ii JT
1 anil act oi ’.bat year, as uncerisiit’utjj®
aI—iEMA.M i.n its rcpc:d—and 81 , ‘ , 0n *
that tl:cir protest should tc depr
m 1 ng the at drives of the Simile t )‘
a perpetual testimony, ifthoco&ij^
ncccssavy measures of a decisive ,1 ~ r
Mir. for the,,election of the pconfe*
tate, and the vindicatio’n of the (V, ,' b
ticuof the United Flafcs.”
cat on ! Ao. But it is the assertion in ,1
1 roaui st lour s, of the right of one „ '
sovereign Ftatcs of this Union, toXJ f
j ior ‘Gel’, and in the last resort, 011 the c'r?
! mto winch it has emered with
j co-Ftatcs. e do not now require -i r V
' l.naltn, olNullifcatim, to prevent 51
propositions are not co-extensive vviif, k
j doctrine which it assorts. The* ?v ;
j ".!'o h . arc il ! I ,, :°^ rt?s ( the Itlcr ' Vo!
ot .-avannah mar, vvi'l info,in , s .ij‘
! ‘.''^ h ( :iro f na <i( es men ly claim tb
right-to dccu.e for 1< m il, that a sric'lt
; <a\ci lias not Lee n convened 1v d e r ff j
oral Constitution ; for this far ihreimt
iiiwisity l.otwi c a the Legislatures of?.
. ( “i-okna nndCicorgia, and is thistle km
guage ot the rcsoluticn whii h Mr
ford quotes. But South Carol na'. n on’
i i,y * r > ° s; >tn sto enforce this decision ip-,,
i" . 10-b tatis, and limaiEmg in ]J C p |: _
u n, in the i iijpy mi ut of ail l.i r j riviltos*
1 1( > loft so oleine noc to a lawTnactccl n
tl c alltdgf.il ( incise of tin ]( Vn
, !i! <t w and <n} licit gun. of sub ~,U r
; y II nude by de ci nstin tin :.l nai
01 Gy of d.c Flati s in Gi u ml Ci rivii!! (I,
: a?§G’riT ( and. ■■ F.i.di a. UUf
(so k.r as I am nkoiii <d ) Irm
by the "T ogislaturc of C iorgia,,- t;ilo H
. Uiinly enni.it Ii fottal in d.c
iiokin it to. 1 Irka vo I tray mv sa)ly-
I have Visjanof ti e seljiot. r j h e
iisoluiiin assuts ihe right ofaFtatrio
' ivide upon in izctii ~s of tie (ir.rtu-..
i'iin, mat thistle Jagislalue of (iiri-ia
| have ti j rnluily aft mod lu it, c vvl oe
; sm its tl e r-gbt o a Fuito to t;il!i v a Iraqi
jt.ial i ractically to in oice this dteifioi
|ii on lir co-F tatis, by n trairiirg in ,le,
j Union, and refisa g ißiciit oe to ndi
j. hivv. t util tl t- ii quisle mn Hr of Fiats
I shall coiiia r in a uvv and substantive
!gi iut of tie ]< vur to moot suhlav.-
ai.d tl is is A wliii catiiu.
Mr. b law *i\ s sccord cl r.rge is, tld
: 1 lave raivicaiiu a b oi hi rn ( invintiit,
w bi’e act.ng as aii in la ioi a State Col*
, ' 1 uti* n> ; nd and art m < n addn ss io tl i ju
! ] Jo o. Bribe, 1 exp rissed the o] nim,t
jaForllein ( n.viuii n was u.curtiie
j tie! al, t tilt f s it was ceiisi Itrtivc and if
j iin ciaiaioiy tnly , in whirl ciii.it
.might be hat n. less In ,n its
! A< vv. what I*ik sire to have indetstcr-j
I a; he fast place is, that the FoUhtre
. < onvi Urn joeurnaruled by ti c CorfWl
j hi r; at i\iil!i dg i v iiio, is n ciely “ccnsup
ivr nci i; ti i i.i aioty.” 'i he rosolntiu
| i< pose that .iic tniasutes nci ti tmn<!
; by and o t'Ouilim ( i nvi uii „, sbeuldlj
: I irt s b rmled to the State Cortvinfai
; n<< i auopced by ibim, s! o;.!d be lnl
j ii.uk dtotl i ]<ij !i of ;11 Fta'i o! CM
| gin, krtl i a ap j leva! oi icic im. ft
,)](]( mu Foul oin (rnnuim vsfH
j I uft rc, Io ! o s i icily- a u
1 ouy. and was ci.-t s. qt < nth ,t< to! mxdM
jot! e cl.ar; v of 1 1 hig r t nor nslilrt’iiiH
| i-l n Ila | tit.ci] as laai town in tbcaß
j ‘ ii; stot! c ) iopk of Bui e. 'jbe fifl
. purl of th.si I urge of inc.ons'tUr.cy,istrfl
; dispa si and o'.—l l.i si ci nil no mils of riufl
) svw r. w hicli is i qt ally plain. ■
Mr. Craw'otd will agree, lh:d o:pH
j opin ons. as wi 11 as il ost which me iiM
vidi al. must be uidois oed with
! I" the subject matter under il scassicnH
] h lie question, at the time 'of the ircMM
.in Burl c, was between a Fiail
Foot i; ra::, ( V*nva ntion. 1 believe,
case <>! an infraction of tile Cot
fba* ]tojlc o! ;i Ftate cot.ld only ait
mutely in a Com jat ion or 'ihe SunH
1 sntco that was the p ovver, bv
Constitution was ratil.c and : util
was called into existence, 1 thought it
; merely useless to send Delegates t>B
Southern Convention, since all l(gitiisM
action must I e had in a Convention
; State. If a Southern Convention
j iIUEN I'AI.I.EL) lU.ronE TIIe'*StATB CJH
VB.VfION WAS OItIJANT/EP, 1 should tll^H
fore have considered it useless,
I its imbecility—hut this did not prctjM
me from H lii-ving it to be useful
means o! concentrating the views
anti-tarilf States, and as auxiliary
•State ('onvention alia fitly* organized,
comjicli n! to act iqn n its 11
hons, il ihoy were approved by
and by the people, 'i he error ol
I‘usaiion arises from a want, ot
i” ime and circa stances. When the
'•ion v. as, whether we should have a FjH
on a Soulti rn Convention, I believed ■
tho latter alone, if organized' for
would be, unconstitutional, and if
saltation merely, would, unaided hy®
State e.’onventio'n, he imbecile and
1 iliotight it was fist proper to oryaW*
the latter; and that, if was the
•ho people thus assembled in tlitir
State Convention, to determine wm’ lll ®
Toy would oo.m-ku with their sister Stat*
hi a Southern Convention; but "hen
Sini*’ Convention was organised and
((• act, in order that its action