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OBORCIA I.EtiISLATiKK. . ”'**' SS Sleuiark* *' 2 " :<s Rc-'o! U.ons. e*id in reply io Mr. Xea! , oj ! A-t*i/tri, in the hen-.-a of lleprisintativts, on the j 30.'/t of Xo-<cr*,s t v t 183 J. Mr. StAß*, I h* in edmplianeo-with tho icquest \ triiiiij by yburseff and others, hand you, fori }’>sb'iication in your paper, the substance ofj ttio remarks made by me, on the motion of Mr. Neal of Newton, on the 30th of Novem ber last, to reconsider the Preamble ant! Re solutions introduced by myself and the Reso lution offeree) by Gen. Bates of Hull, on the subject ot Nullification and the cotnsc pursu ed by South Carolina. I shall consider it but an act of justice, that Editor* of papers who have published Mr. Neal’s speech, will give an insertion to my remarks in reply. I wish it understood this reply is not given as being verbatim as and liven and : but i have taken a liberty not unusual, of retrenching in some particulars and extending some of the ideas. DUNNtS L. RYAN. .■■tit. Speaxes: —larise under peculiar ombarrassment Tito course of the gen tleman from Newton (Mr Neal) has been so little compatible with the order of the House, and thccourtcsv generally exten ded between its members, that I am somewhat at a loss how to fashion a re ply. rite castigation that gentleman has plat received at the hands of the gentle man from Richmond (Oca. Glascock) an 1 thggontiemm from Camion (.Ur. Ward) might satisfy one, much more dispsd than I am to see the law oi retaliation pii in force,’even when opprobio.is c,;i thets and uncharitable denunciations arc hurled bach, witlt high-thin Jed manliness, in rh ; teeth of those who uttered .them. The gentleman from Newton (Mr. N.) propounded some interrogatories to the gentleman from Hancock" (Mr. Ilaynes) and myself, ar 1 said “I pause for a reply; an ; none is made." I now, Mr. Speaker, invite the gentleman from Newton (Mr. N.) to put as many Interrogatories to me, as lie may think proper, and I will an swer him seuiatim ; one by one. “I pause” to give the gentleman an opportunity to pros '?:: - • the examination. No question being ask ii, l proceed. 1 cal! upon the mem . rs of t.’i.s House, and gentlemen i r.cc who occupy the gallery, to bear me witness, tint ‘ alter the strictest order of our sect I have lived” A Troup Max; and 1 defy the gentleman fram Newton, (Mr. N.) to pariicuralize wherein 1 have been guilty ol a dereliction of principle, or a material departure from the doctrines of the Republican Party of Georgia, for the last twenty-nine years. Why then am 1 anathematized and politically gibited for the crying sin of apostasy ? Because I have not joined in hosaitnas to South'Car olina Nullification. The gentleman from Newton, (Mr. N.) alludes to a subject on which he appears conscious that it is ma terial that some gentleman should be sen sitive. Because, Cays Mr. N) they or some of their friends leave not been grati fied in their ambitious views in pursuit of office. Perhaps (continues Mr. N.) it may be because of the defeat of a certain gentleman, who has recently been a can didate for Congress. So far as these in sinuations were intended for me, they have no point or force as they regard me individually, for I have never asked, office of the party; and therefore my “ambitious views in pursuit of office” have never fail ed to bo gratified. As regards the other portion of the insinuation, I will only re ply, it' those who acted in bad faith to the j party, and those 'who “kept the promise to the car and broke it to the sense” stand justified to their own CCk .'i . U-e, r,'.)d yn the eyes of their fellow-citizens, so be it. I shall, at least, stand ajoof from entering into any more cacces’arrangements.— The result of those of the last year have but verified my former experience, that they are much more frequently the -consu ltation of intrigue, than the concentration of party sentiment. The gentleman from Newton (Mr. X.) says, he hopes “They (Alluding to Mr. Haynes of Hancock and-myself) will ex plain why it is that they both now act with their former opponents, and that too at the sacrifice of their principles.” This is a grave onset—but so far as 1 am con- i ccrned, I will essay * With truth’s fair shield to ward tho blow, And turn tho weapon back upon tho foe.” When tho Preamble and Resolutions j were under discussion tendering this Half for the accommodation of the contempla ted Convention, I opposed their adoption on principle; and ueclared I could not vet consent to recognize the intended Convention as the Representatives of the People of Georgia. When they should have determined on the respective elec tions of the members of their own body, an l should have duly organized tlicm s-dves as a Convention of the People of Georgia, 1 would vne for the Speaker in viting them to occupy this Chamber for their sittings; but till they did this, ] would not volunteer so to designate them in advance. I would enquire, with all due dafercnce to the gentleman’s political orthodoxy, what is the political herresy couched in these sentiments, and if they are not the identical principles asserted in the Preamble and Resolutions now un der discussion. The mode by which this Convention was got up, was, to say the least, novel, if not entirely unprecedented. Its inception was premature and hasty, and its prolonged existence, is so far as my knowledge extends, without a parallel in the nistory of these United States, Is it going to fled fro a p rpcfti.d xistiwr.e— Us recess for > igtu ninths is -tmi.g iutficu- ? tion of such a disposition. Are thrso the/ dojs of Revolution T Or Ims the constituted authorities of Georgin, displayed so much I imbecility or corruption, as to requite such I steps to be taken, and that too, totally uncon- 1 nectcd with their agency ? I have ' asserted j in the course of this debate that I was pro- j pared to justify and support e very proposition;! declaration and statement made in tho I’re-, amble and Resolutions ; and i now reiterate > the assertion that the Delegates who voted on and lor the Resolutions ol the Convention, did not represent a majority of the Represen tative Population of Georgia by 70,000 and as respected the counties in the State, they j were in the proportion of twenty nine to forty j nine. Iho Preamble and Resolutions now j tha subject of debate, assort that the Resolu tions ol the Convention “were adopted by the Delegates of a minority of the people .” In verification of this assertion, tho following facts and deductions therefrom, are submit ted. luc counties fully represented accor- \ ding to tlic ratio contemplated by the circu-j !ar of tlie Committee of seven, appointed un der tuc Athens R solution, and whose Dele gates voted on and for th ■ Res dutions, and in the shape they passed, we reßaker, Baldwin, Clarke, Columbia, Effingham, Ki ln rt, Greene, Heard, Jeff rso.u, .Tones, Lau rens, Marion, Mo mtosh, Monroe, Montgomery,■ dorgan, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Seriven, Tali Met ro, fiio nas, Troup and Upson. Twentv loree counties, with a representative popula tion of ] 10,600. The counties partially rep- j ms n!ed were, Bibb (one half) Burke (one ! ilur!,) Cherokee (one lir.lf,) Decatur (one j nil!) Oiytin (one half.) Hancock (one third.)! Jackson (two thirds.) Mcrriwcfher (one half) ' Muscogee (one hall,) Newton (one third.) and I [ A arreu (onalhir.!.) Eleven counties partial- 1 r prrsetilrd, with a Representative* pops- f Ltion-of GB,GJ3. Making t! total .of thirty ! lour cbm,-tie?, with a rcprosfcrriStire poptrfc-j lio.i of 207,258. The total Representativa I population ofGcorgia is I t fis7l, IjVuin this deduct the total representative population of : the thirty-four comities represented and par-j tially represented by tho Delegates who vot. ;! J rn, and fur the Resolutions &c. say 207,253,! ami it leaves forty-six counties eidirtdy tin-j represented, < r who voted o gainst the lie fro- j hit ions ke. when they passed, with a r. pr. - sentati ve population of ‘237,206, constituting a majority ot 80,033 of unrepresented id; r. sen t.itive population. But it would bo entire!” consonant with propriety to consider tlm I eleven con:.ficp partially rrprr-.itct), accor.lv! ,: ’S !o “i- relative proportion of tho Delegates ! from each, uno voted on and for the Resolu-1 lions. The result will then be, ilial 35,058 j representiilive'jiopulation must lie deducted; tiom 207.258, the rcpresentalive population ol the thirty four counties repr serited and j partially represented, and who voted on and ) furl he Resolutions. I’his will then leave tin twenty-three counties, a representative popu-j lation of 171,710. Then the number 35,558 should lie added to 237,293 —these numbers added tog. tT r make 272,844 from which deduct 171,110, tire actual number of rep resentative population represented by those D legates who voted on and for the Resolu tions, there remains 101,131. The result ot tin’s is (it the data is correct, and if there is truth in figures) that the Delegates who voted mi and for the Resolutions &c. fell 101.093 short of representing a majority of the Rep. resentative Population of Georgia. Placing ilic mailer in the most favorable point of view as regards t!iccounties’, we have shown, ♦hat ifiey stand as thirty-four is to fortv six. But when wecons dcr the eleven counties part al ly represented according to the real num ber ol their Delegates who voted on and | tor the Resolutions, Arc. we will find that ; Burke, Hancock, Newton and Warren* should be taken from the thirty-four, and i placed to the forty-six, reducing the thirty i tour to thirty and making the forty-six, til ty ; and that Bibb, Cherokee, Decatur, I Glynn, Merriwethcr ahd Muscogee, being j equally divided should be also taliCU i’i'OUl the thiny-muf Go;:gtics— (hep the matter) would really stand, twenty-four counties for the resolutions, Arc. and fifty-six against their adoption. It the seeeders had been all present when the vote was taken, it would in all probability, have stood for tho resolutions sixty three, and fifty-nine a-! gainst the i, leaving a majority of only | tour in favor of their adoption—the Presi dent did not vote, and fortv-iivc of the De legates would still have been absent. The 1 seventy who remained and voted on the j resolutions, were nqj a majority of tiiej Delegates to the (Convention as contem plated by .the Lexington Resolutions, or the Circular of the committee of seven, who acted under the Athens Resolutions—! a lie Lexington Resolutions contemplated a number pf Delegates equal to tho m;m --| her that compose the Senate and House of j Representatives of the General Assembly; oi Georgia, but the general will seemed to settle down on the recommendation of die Circular ot the Committee of seven a number equal to the Representatives each county was entitled to in the House of Representatives—that number is cne hun dred and sixty-eight, tlio majority of which would be eighty-five, so that they fell short by 15 the number oi Delegates compe tent to do business. Will any person hav ing the least pretensions to information, say that seventy members of the 1 louse of Rcprosentalies of the General Astern-j bly of Georgia in the absence of the rcsi- ! due could pass any law, “ordinance” or resolution. But il may be said these n ere patriotic, ho nor..bio ami talented individuals,and possess ed the confidence of a portion of their f, llaw citizens. J’his is granted most cheerfully, and many of them tiro those with whom 1 h:ive acted as a co-woiker on the great ques tions that have agitated Georgia, tor sninc ! years past But were fev an hundred foil! inore patriotic, talented and honorable, and had our former political association been ten j times more intimate. I would-not consent to] lay at their fei t, what I consult r the. great! fundamental principle of ItfpescntuHrc Dr- 1 mocracy —that in all their (delegated a smi blics, the majority only cat act, and the ma jority only can control. The expressions in itie first resolution “it a Southern Convention Ip dtsir-hli.” An . have attracted the spcci.-l attention of s< \. i gentlemen, and I lie gent! titan trom Nt M ttm. (.Mr. N.) in the plenitude of ins ehainy, it reference to thismaiUr, doubts vt-rv mucJ j the sincerity of some at least. Wnh w. a> j propriety could tho Represenlativ. of tin j people, advise and recommend tin in to rail . , Southern Convention in the same breath that they express their desire that the proof should, on the first Monday in January 1833. declare by their suffrages whetberpr not they j consider a Southern Convention proper anti expedient at this time. And furthiir, is it not known, that thorn exists some contrariety ot opinion ns r.- gards the constitutionality of a Southern Convention. Then most!certainly. with strict proprii iy, the expression, “ if a lSouthern Convention be desirable,” Raves [tlie whole matter o;>en to the decision ol ;the unbiassed ju gmont of the p< ople.— : While on this part of the subject, 1 will briefly advert to the declaration of the gentleman from Newton, (Mr. N.) that our whole plan of a Southern Conven tion is defeated, because, says that grntle ;man, “has not Tennessee already refused, and hqs |pt South Carolina gone too far ;to accede to such propositions, it won Id Ibe a retrogade step in her to consent to such a proposition in her present attitude; and pray gentlemen (triuinj hantly asks Mr. N.) where will you find your six States to concur.” I grant that Tennes see has declared tier unwillingness to go into a Southern Convention; but let it be recollected, this ..rrAvillingness was de- in answer to an application oj the bWiircniitTti of and States Rights Party of South Cau-kna, ih.- T their Rep resentative, and that it was ka’TMvn that Convention, like the,bne which recently sat in Millcdgeville, represented a rfiinofl *V oj the people. But I have not the smallest, doubt, should Tennessee be call ed on by tlie voice of the People of Geor gia, she will give a very difierent response to such an invitation from her sister State. As regards South Carolina at. J South M’n Cc-nventio-:, 1 conceive she’ has not yet “gone too far” to accede to such an invitation — bu'fiJefit bc admitted sue has “gone too far ’ —is it impossible the other live States may come into the meas ure. Let gentlemen disgtrse tho matter as they may, the secret lies in lliis, that the Resolutions now voider discussion, ex press the views and feelings of those who look in the LAST RESORT to secession ami a confederation of Southern States: while the majority of their opponents and the majority of those who voted in favor ol the Resolutions adopted by the Septua ginary Convention which recently s-xt in Milledgeville, are for a Southern Conven tion should Georgia and South Carolina only be found willing to adopt the meas ure, and then carry any recommendation they may determine on into effect by sepa rate state action, and thus under ihe cabalistic word NULLIFICATION in South Carolina, and RESISTANCE in Georgia. As respects that part of the Resolutions denouncing Nullification and the course of South Carolina, which was adopted by tho House on tlie motion oi the gentleman from llall (M r. Bates) pr r mit me to remark, if the gentleman from Newton (Mr. Neal) had die occurrences of the session of 1830 fresh in his memo ry, lie might bear me witness, that on the discussion of the Cherokee Land Bill, 1 distinctly declared I was a strict c< n- STEi.-CTio.NiST ami iiu .Y u'<Kfur. ar.-Gidiiur to the meaning ()hI , :S( ,- by ° •' politicians cf Sot:’!i C.iroliaa. Those a ere in)’ sctitiments at ti.at time, in.! during tho lust summer, in the public pup* r. - tin y wire rciterateo with an avowal that I had since 1830 seen nothing to change my opin ion. iho latter putt of this resolution if ! bad my preference, would have bleu exntin gt and, and I so voted, on the cpiesihtu to strike il out. However I-inay deprecate I fie course of South Carolina, 1 f. It r.o dispe ition, in a I public capacity to interfere with lnr int< rnal I regulations, f al-o ac’cd on t!iis .pti.ncip e, in the Warren county meeting in septi ml < r last. If South Carolina is “joined to her : idols. ’ I would sav, as for us, kt our pbliic al at lor at ion he direeied lo somollii n tr hss nea rcablc and more inmmtcbjc. Mv course as no- advocate of Slat Righis Isas 'nevtr been ejpiivocal cr vasciil.-tiiig. L’rvim the days <>f the old and new treaty—the Tassels case— : down to the present Missionary case—l have never “d.dlied” or “doubted.” No Mr. Spea ker I nas not among those wlo in 1830 shrunk from the occupancy, (imfiion. If 1 have not been he first to assert ind sustain the sovereignty of Georgia, 1 have never been in the rear, and should the time come, which Heaven forfend, that the relations bet wot n tin United States government and Georgia, calls for d< cisive action, or a surrenderof any, right essential to her sovereign y, i too \vi 1 i | he found saying “he that dallns is a dastard. ; ukl he that doubts is ” rontlepiinod—l trust I shall tic among those of whom it may he said they ‘ resist) and unto blood, striving a gainsl ’ Federal encroachment. • Now let tlie scope and tenor of these facts, he compared w ith the rßlNciri.Es n.- st rt< and in the Preamble and Rt suhtTiotis, the sut jet of this debate, and what veracious, and cumlid man will sny,t!iat Ir.cn ■ ct with my former opponents at the saaifec of my principles. No sir, it is not so. Tho truth of the case is a banner hearing th’s inscription, “ The Fed eral inion, it must bo preserved,” I.ns been raised, and we have simultaneously rallied in ii3 and f ncc. Mr. Speaker, 1 knew 1 need not attempt to impress the importance of n mted councils when such grave subjects arc to be decided on. We were literally a uni ted people on former questions ofStsitc Rights, since tho contest of 1825. Tho new gloss given to Blate Right'-’dcUrine?, and the rash MACON ADVEII TlfcEß. 7. a! of its promt'jfgh tors' have !<nd ft tmrki.c;. I o i xliil it us to the Wi rhl ; s a tin I- ici n* uj ti. > Lilt :r, nut a < iii, t( | j, ; * reo-.ri ? j 1 r wrong?; t lit its r-. i.n's in. on. j. ~i ii.iu ; ,ir ' •’* 1 ,!i ' “'• li tit i.f till Cl li.M. tJ'ltllOt f | .iiiut tin y uni}, t i y aro eii.iri-iulk io tin a- ; .il.ilors >l Aln oh at,(| |, xu.{;tcu. Tin \ | • Vl r( ' " ' r -* M and ~:i lilt’ t m.i.s 111 lilt: iinliico.— itlllln ljtt.il- 1-. XIIIJ.IIHI iilitii> r I r.i-s <1 lilt IV;C --..i0 Vrtic-. \v..s,,tln I. .-.oil -till ffo.:- ! in:! (no t.nul era r fused, lies iici me m, ,ii ad oi Ini cor;;. I”—Tm, 1 ,t,.- Coiigr. as oual 1 1; cl ion p.m l a practical commentary on i!ii> ti xi. Not hi g but airinipcrious sense of du ty could have iniinci-ii mo loeiiHr into tin cont- st vv liich mil, 1 fear, oveiitinillv rrow out ot in sc proci 1 (liiicn ! find my si It'in c| po sition to tunny will) whom it ha.-, Ik On in, * ride to net I have hern witii tin u, when in the majority ami the minoiitv. i3ut painful as is tin- pi rturinauce of fucli a ut} 1 hat duty I will perfmni ;.t 1 In: In 7.7. , r ot personal good f, < ling or political a.esoei,.. 1.011. '{’he fun-laiiient.il principl. s of our •government are involved in the issue. In such a contest my motlo is inv cmisc.ii no* and my country ins', and tin ti my parly. When ore at fundamental primp ics are 111- vn -vi and, we should emit a\or to lav .’.side out naity liiast s. W o simnld vii vv the pi oj>!e ot 1;1 e Smtno one. wind , null not eons 11! 1 r 11ui c.r tnat parly as J> gitimatt ly and < xc-li.sive.y the criterion hv which we were to estimate uliat is 'the Voire if The People cr the tm tpii'oc I . Min ss on „f the Peg; .Yu Will. let ns then discard party distinctions aid take Plate Sovi r< ignU—the Unioi —the Con stiniimu, trig ji neto in ino, !’uj>lic Jlait’i •nks; —for our 1 anm r. Under tins w<- siiall !_o on “ cmujiif riiio and to compii 1” ’hi] i!n -aui of Rcprcanitii.'irc iJcmverocy shall ‘*a risc witii healing in his wines” and dispi I fro 11 our polilic-l horizon the mists of Ih 5;... tistii, Monarchy and Aristocracy “ !>y tin hr chine ss of his coming” ,'mil discord am anarchy pive place to “ peace on earth ami good u ill to nil 11,’* Mr. Spoal; 1 r, T iiVnu ii'uj: CC'. .Op! ncc. to- n.y constituents (or an approval of the course nr. conscience and erst judtrinent have prompter tno to pursue, i have taken my stand 'and t infeed in maintain it tti'.surc, cr tho’ critics sneer, I'luru and oy influence unil unawM by fear.” F.:o.'.[ Tim Ci'.OTGIA JOURNAL. n'ir. iTt'lj- to Mic. Craw fe i’ 5? • TO TIIE 1 ÜBLIC. I have seen in the “Journal of the Times,’a Letter, from the Mon William 1 1, ( tawiord addressed to the Ih n. U on n:s 1,. Uvan, a minder ot the pieient 1 H ouse of Kepresei.tativi sof Georgia. In witatever motiv es the correspi ndiirce hi - tween these gentli men rr.av have origi nated, has ior its object, ’the tio i o! Gov. Li mpilun and myself for cer tain alledged inconsistences, ‘in relation to the great qui stions which now ongacc tin attention of the people of Georgia'.' Upon this ass c ation o! names, I will simply re- I mark, that il the* hesolutions adopteci Lv j on vent ton of the j topic, reci ntlv as j semhled at Miiliedgc villc, have met witii the approbat'd! of Gov. Lumpkin, I have not enough of :Jie feelings of a partisan, ti. he dissatisfied w-tn them on that aecoiat —mi the eoni vary, it atK.rds me gratil.ca non to believ e', that they have been so ap proved, by many pair otic and in elligeni membcis of the party, with which lie is as soctated. My prose 1 a ous ness. how. ve’i.j is \v ;tn tor. C rnw'oro’.i letli r, or so much of it, as relates to myself, lie pro esses to have no rnhion dy fccilinps towards; me, and states that the relations between i tiS have alway s been amicable. Vet,!,, I comes, nncallt and, before the pi.l lie— he has voluntarily assumed the oti.ee of an ac. cuscr, and instead of disclosing the mer its of the measures adopted by the Con I vention, for which ho- chores to hold nu j responsible; he exltiu sts himself in a vain land futile attempt to ias tn upon me the jimputaiion of inconsistenev. How far! j .his may consist with .Mr. Crawfords no lio.as of arnity. or of amicable relations, 1 sh.ab’ not stop to inquire. ( nan occasion like !i. ; s, lam equally indisposed to eour, any n.an's friendship, and to depr cate any man’s enmity. In unithig with mv fellqw-citn.'ei’s at Athens, and ejsewliere*! have exercis ’d the rig.ht of a private citi zen. In partii ypAling in tho deliberations of the Coiiventioi ’. * have d’s dtargeil mv duty as one of the jTVuegut s o r the people oi Monroe. For this, the press has teem ed with misrepresentations of my conduct. Anonymous seriblcrs hdve given free, scope to their malignity, at. and men who, until now, have been implica 1 Ic in their resentments, have buried then’ ancient feuds to unite in the denunciation o ' an 'n dividual, who is as indillercnt to their spleen, as they are heartless in their p”0- lessions of confideiroc in each other. M,'i Crawford has now thrown his weight into | the scale of my accusers. I will not savj that ldo not regret this. Mr. t ’ravvfofd’S' public character has been a source of just! pride to the people of G'eorgij, and 1 have ’ participated in this feeling. I cannotd however, be unmindful of the-duty of self-j defence, by su! mittingin silence to these* reiterated masreprcsnilations of my con-! duct; hut neither will I forget tho respect which 1 owe to myself, end to the public,! by an exhibition ot the arrogance and the! acrimony, which have characterised these accusations. I\lr. Crawford s general charge is inoon- ’ sistenev. His specifications arc two-ful 1. ! Ist. He asserts, that the atli Kesohition adoj/ted by the Convention,recognizes the! doctrine of A u I’i feat ion; and that not withstanding this, I did at Athens an l elsewhere, declare my hostility to this doctrine. f’d. He refers to the Resolution of that body, which reccmmcnds a Southern' Convention, and then adverts to an ; atM uiiss uciivuiuly n e to the eftizet-s o.; iii-ir.c, in which i cijitiscd the opinion.; ihat u obi ibe tuft t.\ cniien was Uiconsii j luuonal, unict s 11 was inUnccd 10 Lc con-! Sidiative and recoinn endalbry onh., i.i: which case u would le l.ain.iots ficm, i.si imLccitity. 1 design to slate these charges truly, andinalt their toiio. — extenuuung noth ing—setting down naught in malic*. —and ‘renaming nern the indulge nee of the kel ing, wliicli such an attempt to misrepre sent my conduct, is calculated to awaken. ’J he latter task is rendered less dill call, from the conviction, that ihe effort is harm less, and that i.s im potency my be den.on strated. 1 begin by an admission Ihave, on! all proj er occasions,caelated my inability jto acquiesce in t!.e doctrine oj Nullil.ca- ‘ ; lion. 1 oid so Itfojc 1! e n citing < i the '( invention. In ade the same dcclaiation j iu the discussion of the resolutions in com- ■ ; mnlce. 1 have rejialcdit since, and 1 i reiterate it now. if J could have gone ; one slip fuller, and have i inoimhij ’IIIOSE Will) DID MANTA IN ’IIIE tOCTHIKE, I j I should probably l.ave been sj ared the . trouble oi penning these 11 n ail s. '1 Ids. ! ,l owever, 1 have unifoimlv refused. ( n ! the contrary, I have often and publicly de j elated, (and ti e dielaiatiim 1 dot 1 t not, j has gieutly aggiavated my Ifll.ee.) that 1 tine wue ami r.g the advi can s of ibis ; doctrine, men as pure, as patiiotic. and as [intelligent,'as thote who diflered from them. J have refused to join in tho de nunciation of the people of Fouth G’atoli t*l'* —I lane ci nsioeicd il at we lad the same grievances to coiripjltiin of, and that the community of our interest, made it the duty o! each to conciliga-, rathi r and am to of lend. 1 could net convince mvsoh of t. c ]-ii pr.cty of the uainalv, to.vviiich they |\vne itiChJ to Ji tUaij o-cot.rse, but licit jthat they and we ; wre%in : ggirfelfgil*f:st ,cen,n on oj pre;slon,- and "l did not bc jliiyo it lobe the cictafe of patriotism, I<f j unite my.se!f with those, who were alike In stile to dam and io us. 1 souylit ratli (T by a lain, vc-t it 11 pi rate com sc of a.c tion in Georgia, to pit suit Jo Fm 111 (’; r olina a position, on which she should have retired vviikont clishcnor. and to all and e Southern States a rally ing point, ft cm i which, wi bout jeepsidb.ii g ti e Uni< n. I they might unitedly and eiheiimly l av< j ,C 1 tiled tl e 1 suij aliens of vshitii w i ci nt j I’kiin. It is my lim convitiwi, tliat this desirable 11 suit has 1 ei n. \ tevi ti and, only liy division an ong ourstlvi-s. \\ lat oth er evilsmay ioi.ovv in the tiain of these disensiot.s, vvhiilt ere -till so zealot sly omentid, titr e vv ill elisci.vi t ; but thus at. da want oi mien at I 1 n e,. 1 as Inn fatal to the ti st lioj is o patriotism. 1 have-adnsiiti j, that in the- very act o' discussing unit seq-pm ting the risolutiin specii.td fiy Air. ( ravv’oid, 1 dec lari il mv uissciit from il- ed. ctiine o! At. Hit calk n. Loes that lie solution then j reclaim this docttine ! Fuvh is ivir. t raw oid s assii .ion ; and he tells us, that il ties is not so, lie is “no judge of die Lngiish language. ’ 1 have cet :y mly no desire to | ress the al iiinat.u , but even at the hazard of seel a consecuei.ee, (since 1 c wills 11.) I aft in .hat the ltsolLikn referred to, does 1.0. assert tl c docttinc o; Null f cation: Let us sic what it is, which this risolutiin ui cb ariu tn : It asserts three tiling; is;, ihat iti no con cderatect l ovein tr cnl, the proweis ot which .arc ex j 11 s--. lv nuiitcd by da* ( onsdtutii 11, it is css. n iai ■hat thtre should exist somewhere,a p ew er authui’iuvelv to im 1 j.ret that instru ment, to diciue iu the lest resirt, in 1! 1 or abi.se ot the authority which it con ieis onihe common agent of the e areue -1 t atmg Ftati s. 1 ’-u. ihat this power cannot lekug to | the agent. , ku. 1 hat in the absence of a common arbiter, exjuisaly dcsigi.a.cil by the Cen } Siitu'uon, each Ftate, as such, for itself,, aid in virtue of is soveieigntv, isnecessa j >'dy mmii.cu to the cxeic.sc oi'that tight. | NVliica of thesp propiositions does Mr. j Crawford deny ( If the t.rst, tlten tite iiai it 1 lions ol the Constitution are useless— -1 since tliet e exists; no where a power to in | terpret and ea orce them. Ii the second—the same consequence ; will follow ; % for the agent who is entrus j ted wan the execution ol these powers, j wall he the sole judge of his own conduct. | The di til aiiirms, that each State fo , itself, and in virtue o; its sovereignty, has ; the right to interpret the Constitution to 1 decide Jn the lust resort, on the use or a- I liusc o, the powers conferred on the com mon agent. Does Mr. Crawford deny this 1 i so, the same consequence will sl.ll follow. The limitations of tlie Con-! stitntion will be a dead letter. But if this proposition be denied, we must blot from ° *r recoi ds every' legislative opinion on tnis subject. \\ e must withdraw from the archiycv of tlie Senate of the United S ales, the solemn protest which we have '•epouited there. \\ bat ia the lauc-nagc, of the Ecgisl tturc in l u>7 ? “They ailinn ! that those who cre.Ue a delegated Gov ernment, have lawfully the po\ver to re strain it within proji-er bounds.” They a'- finn “dtat the proper constituents of the General Government, are the States—and the States arc to that government, what the people are to the Stati s.” hi 1 UH, they us? this language—“Th •States respectively have, therefore, in the! opinion of your committee, the cliques I t ion a hie right, in case of any infraction of! the general compact, or want of good lattn in the performance of its obligations,) to complain,remonstrate, and even to he-' ri rrl rnrriiNCE to any measure S General t ovirtimciii, manifestly a--' ■ aua m v.o'miono the Constitution Ch EV ALU SU MEANS t:u:ir m , IY ' ‘-'iSi-D BV A SOV UlifCN ASfD IM- Gov N-1.” \\ luu again was ti'eln? gi.age of the p retest ot fbnb > qp c • iatuie of Ccorgia ti ihrrni) o r a ii JT 1 anil act oi ’.bat year, as uncerisiit’utjj® aI—iEMA.M i.n its rcpc:d—and 81 , ‘ , 0n * that tl:cir protest should tc depr m 1 ng the at drives of the Simile t )‘ a perpetual testimony, ifthoco&ij^ ncccssavy measures of a decisive ,1 ~ r Mir. for the,,election of the pconfe* tate, and the vindicatio’n of the (V, ,' b ticuof the United Flafcs.” cat on ! Ao. But it is the assertion in ,1 1 roaui st lour s, of the right of one „ ' sovereign Ftatcs of this Union, toXJ f j ior ‘Gel’, and in the last resort, 011 the c'r? ! mto winch it has emered with j co-Ftatcs. e do not now require -i r V ' l.naltn, olNullifcatim, to prevent 51 propositions are not co-extensive vviif, k j doctrine which it assorts. The* ?v ; j ".!'o h . arc il ! I ,, :°^ rt?s ( the Itlcr ' Vo! ot .-avannah mar, vvi'l info,in , s .ij‘ ! ‘.''^ h ( :iro f na <i( es men ly claim tb right-to dccu.e for 1< m il, that a sric'lt ; <a\ci lias not Lee n convened 1v d e r ff j oral Constitution ; for this far ihreimt iiiwisity l.otwi c a the Legislatures of?. . ( “i-okna nndCicorgia, and is thistle km guage ot the rcsoluticn whii h Mr ford quotes. But South Carol na'. n on’ i i,y * r > ° s; >tn sto enforce this decision ip-,, i" . 10-b tatis, and limaiEmg in ]J C p |: _ u n, in the i iijpy mi ut of ail l.i r j riviltos* 1 1( > loft so oleine noc to a lawTnactccl n tl c alltdgf.il ( incise of tin ]( Vn , !i! <t w and <n} licit gun. of sub ~,U r ; y II nude by de ci nstin tin :.l nai 01 Gy of d.c Flati s in Gi u ml Ci rivii!! (I, : a?§G’riT ( and. ■■ F.i.di a. UUf (so k.r as I am nkoiii <d ) Irm by the "T ogislaturc of C iorgia,,- t;ilo H . Uiinly enni.it Ii fottal in d.c iiokin it to. 1 Irka vo I tray mv sa)ly- I have Visjanof ti e seljiot. r j h e iisoluiiin assuts ihe right ofaFtatrio ' ivide upon in izctii ~s of tie (ir.rtu-.. i'iin, mat thistle Jagislalue of (iiri-ia | have ti j rnluily aft mod lu it, c vvl oe ; sm its tl e r-gbt o a Fuito to t;il!i v a Iraqi jt.ial i ractically to in oice this dteifioi |ii on lir co-F tatis, by n trairiirg in ,le, j Union, and refisa g ißiciit oe to ndi j. hivv. t util tl t- ii quisle mn Hr of Fiats I shall coiiia r in a uvv and substantive !gi iut of tie ]< vur to moot suhlav.- ai.d tl is is A wliii catiiu. Mr. b law *i\ s sccord cl r.rge is, tld : 1 lave raivicaiiu a b oi hi rn ( invintiit, w bi’e act.ng as aii in la ioi a State Col* , ' 1 uti* n> ; nd and art m < n addn ss io tl i ju ! ] Jo o. Bribe, 1 exp rissed the o] nim,t jaForllein ( n.viuii n was u.curtiie j tie! al, t tilt f s it was ceiisi Itrtivc and if j iin ciaiaioiy tnly , in whirl ciii.it .might be hat n. less In ,n its ! A< vv. what I*ik sire to have indetstcr-j I a; he fast place is, that the FoUhtre . < onvi Urn joeurnaruled by ti c CorfWl j hi r; at i\iil!i dg i v iiio, is n ciely “ccnsup ivr nci i; ti i i.i aioty.” 'i he rosolntiu | i< pose that .iic tniasutes nci ti tmn<! ; by and o t'Ouilim ( i nvi uii „, sbeuldlj : I irt s b rmled to the State Cortvinfai ; n<< i auopced by ibim, s! o;.!d be lnl j ii.uk dtotl i ]<ij !i of ;11 Fta'i o! CM | gin, krtl i a ap j leva! oi icic im. ft ,)](]( mu Foul oin (rnnuim vsfH j I uft rc, Io ! o s i icily- a u 1 ouy. and was ci.-t s. qt < nth ,t< to! mxdM jot! e cl.ar; v of 1 1 hig r t nor nslilrt’iiiH | i-l n Ila | tit.ci] as laai town in tbcaß j ‘ ii; stot! c ) iopk of Bui e. 'jbe fifl . purl of th.si I urge of inc.ons'tUr.cy,istrfl ; dispa si and o'.—l l.i si ci nil no mils of riufl ) svw r. w hicli is i qt ally plain. ■ Mr. Craw'otd will agree, lh:d o:pH j opin ons. as wi 11 as il ost which me iiM vidi al. must be uidois oed with ! I" the subject matter under il scassicnH ] h lie question, at the time 'of the ircMM .in Burl c, was between a Fiail Foot i; ra::, ( V*nva ntion. 1 believe, case <>! an infraction of tile Cot fba* ]tojlc o! ;i Ftate cot.ld only ait mutely in a Com jat ion or 'ihe SunH 1 sntco that was the p ovver, bv Constitution was ratil.c and : util was called into existence, 1 thought it ; merely useless to send Delegates t>B Southern Convention, since all l(gitiisM action must I e had in a Convention ; State. If a Southern Convention j iIUEN I'AI.I.EL) lU.ronE TIIe'*StATB CJH VB.VfION WAS OItIJANT/EP, 1 should tll^H fore have considered it useless, I its imbecility—hut this did not prctjM me from H lii-ving it to be useful means o! concentrating the views anti-tarilf States, and as auxiliary •State ('onvention alia fitly* organized, comjicli n! to act iqn n its 11 hons, il ihoy were approved by and by the people, 'i he error ol I‘usaiion arises from a want, ot i” ime and circa stances. When the '•ion v. as, whether we should have a FjH on a Soulti rn Convention, I believed ■ tho latter alone, if organized' for would be, unconstitutional, and if saltation merely, would, unaided hy® State e.’onventio'n, he imbecile and 1 iliotight it was fist proper to oryaW* the latter; and that, if was the •ho people thus assembled in tlitir State Convention, to determine wm’ lll ® Toy would oo.m-ku with their sister Stat* hi a Southern Convention; but "hen Sini*’ Convention was organised and ((• act, in order that its action