Newspaper Page Text
VOL. II.
M1LLEDGEV1LLE, TUESDAY, MARCH 27, 1821.
No. 7.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY,
(l>N TUKSDATl)
nr s. gm.ytm.yd % it. m. mime,
(f TMRKC DOLIARS, IN ADVANCE, OR FOUR
DOLLARS At TI1E EXPIRATION OF THE
TEAR.
U3* Advertisements conspicuously !i»«erte*l at
I'ih customary rotes.
Washington, Marcli 6.
INAUGURAL SPEECH.
Ycltcrduy at 1 i o’clock, on taking theoath
tn support the Constitution of the United
"Rates, tin 1 following Speech was detiveroil
hv James Honroe, President of lliu United
States:
FELLOW-CITIZENS:
| shall not attempt to describe tile grateful
emotions which tile new L very ilistinirni.di
ed proof of tin- ronfnlence of my fellotv cite
y.ens, evinced liy my re-election to this liigli
trust, lias excited in inv hosn i. Tne ap
probation which it iinoounces of my eondort,
in the preceding term, nfliuds me n coneila-
*inn which I shall profoundly feel through
file. The general acrord With which it has
hecn expressed, adds fo I lie '-rent anil never*
erasing obligations whicll it imposes. To
merit the continuance of this good opinion,
and to carry it with me into my retirement,
ns the solace of advancing years, will he til"
object of tny most zealous and unceasing ef
forts.
Having no pretension tn the high and
commanding claims of ray predecessor*,
whose names nre so much more conspicu
ously identified with our revolution, and
who contributed so pre eminently tn pro
mote its success, I consider myself rather as
the instrument than the cause of the union
w hich has prevailed in the late election. In
surmountin';, in favor of my humble preten
sions, the difficulties which so often produce
division in like occurrences, it is obvious Ilia)
other powerful causes, indicating the great
strength and stability of our Union, have es
sentially contributed to draw you together.
Tim these powerful causes exist, and that that rerun
tin-) are pciniaiirtii, is uiy fixed opinion :■— " 'I m ivv.
that they may produce a like accord in all'” ”
questions, tnur.liing,however r.tuotcly, the
kiloirty, prosperity, and happiness, of our
country, will always he the object of my
most fervent prayers to tile Supreme Au
thor of all Good.
In a government which is founded by the
people, who possess exclusively the sove
reignty, it seems proper thatthe person who
may lie placed by their suffrages in this high
trust, should declare, oo commencing its du
ties, the principles on which lie intends to
conduct the administration. If the person,
thus elected, has served the preceding term,
an opportunity t: •S’orded him to review its
principal occurrences, and to give such fur
ther explanation respecting them as, in his
judgment, may he useful to his constituents.
The events of one year have influence on
those of another—and, in like manner, of a
preceding no the succeeding administration.
The movements of a great nation are con
nected in all their parts. If errors have been
committed, tlwy ought tn lie corrected—if
the policy is sound, it ought to lie supported.
It is by .a thorough knowledge of the whole
subject that our fellow-citizens arc enabled
to judge correctly of the past, and to give a
proper direction to the future.
Just before the commencement of the last
term, the United States h id concluded a war
with a very powerful nation, on conditions
equal Hiid honorable to both parties. The
events of that war are ton recent, and too
deeply impressed on the memory of all, to
require a developement from me. Our com
merce had been, ia a great measure, driven
from the sea—our Atlantic and inland fron
tiers were invaded in almost every part—the
waste of life along our coast, ami on some
parts cf out inland frontiers, to the defence
of which our gallant awl patriotic citizen*
Were called, was immense—in addition to
which, not less than one hundred and twen
ty millions of dollars were added at iLcnd to
the public debt.
As soon ns the war had terminated, the na
tion, admonished by its events, resolved to
placo itself in a situation, whicll should he
hotter calculated to prevent the recurrence of
a like evil, and, in case it should rcrur, to mi
tigate its calamities. With this view, after
reducing our land forces to the basis of a
peace establishment, which lias been further
modified since, provision was made for the
construction of fortifications at proper points,
through the whole extent of our roast, ami
auch an augmentation of nor naval forrr, as
shniild be well adapted to both purposes.—
The laws, making this provision, were pas
sed in inti and 16, and it lias been,mice,
• he constant effort of the Executive, to car
ry them into effect. .
Tile advantage of these fortification, and
Of an augmented naval force, in the extent
Contemplated, in point of economy, has been
fully illustrated, by a report of the Board m
Engineers and Naval Commiaaioners, lately
communicated to Congress, by which it ap
pears that ill an invasion by twenty thou
sand men, with a correspondent naval force,
in a campaign of six months only, lie whole
exoense of the construction of tlm works
would he defrayed by the difference inith*
sum necessary to maintain the force which
would be adequate to our defence with the
aid of those works, and that which would he
incurred without them. The reason of this
difference is obvious. If fortifications arc
judiciously placed on (HI.- great inlets, as dis
tant from our cities, as circumstances will
permit, they will form Ih; only po.ets of «t-
tnck and the enemy will be detained thrre
by a small regular force, a sufficient time o
enable our militia to collect, and repair to
that on which the attack ia made. A orcr
adequate to I be enemy, collected at that sin
gle point, with suitable preparation f.ir auch
others as might lie menaced, is all that would
be requisite. But, if there w ere no fortifica
tions, then the enemy might go where he
pleased, and, changing his position, and sa I-
mc from place to place, our force must lie
called out a
the whole coast,
hcM^abli for'.liip* of war. By these for
lifirul/in?* supported hy our navy, to which
would aif.)id like support, wc should
orcscnt to other powers ho armed frn»ii
Irorn St. Croix to the S.tbiv, whicll would
protect, in tin* event of war, our whole ciriat
tnd interior from iuv.i ion—ind even in the
wars of other power*, j., which we were neu
tral, they would !»*• f* til eminently uxcf.il,
as, by keeping their public ships .it a dis
tance from our citu i, p *ace amt order in
them win; 1 i»e preserved, and the govern
ment pf‘»h tried from insult.
! t need M .ua cly he remarked, that these
•Tieas'ires have not been resorted to in a spi
rit of hostility to other power*. Such adis-
P ‘sitiiMi does not exi*.! towards any power.
!*i are and good will have Iwen, nnd will
hereafter he. cultivated with id I, and by thv
most i.wihl d re.rard to justice. They have
hern dictated by a love of pence, of econo
my, ind an car;ms! desire to save the lives of
ourfcllow citizen* from that destruction, and
our country frn n th it dev tsfa-ioo. which
aro inseparable from war, when it find* us
unptepared for it. It is believed, and expe
rience has shown, that such a preparation is
best expedient lb it r:in he resorted to,
to prevent w.»r. | ad l,w Ih much pleasure,
that considerable progress his already been
made in these measures of defence, and that
they will be completed in few years, ronsi-
15; the great extent and importance of
the object, if the plan be zealously nnd stea
dily persevered in.
The conduct of the government, in what
relates to foreign powers, is always an object
of the highest importance to the nation. Its
agriculture, commerce, manufactures, fishe
ries, revenue—in short, its peace, may all he
i(T*cted bv it. Attention is, therefore, due
to ibis subject.
At the period adverted to, the powers of
Europe, after having hc< n engaged in long
and destructive wars with each other, had
nnrluded a peace, which happily still exists.
Our peace with the power with whom we
ha<l been engaged, had also been concluded.
a n-rir between Spain anil the colonies in
South America, whicll had commenced ma
ny years before, was then the only conflict
remained unsettled. This being a con-
Iween difierent parts ot tile same com
munity. in which other powers had not in
i'. .!, Oiga not ante led by tiieir accommo
datin' 1 *.
This contest was mn*Hrred, at an early
stage, by my predecessor, n rail war, in
which the parties were entitle ! to equ.il rights
in our ports. This derision, the first made
by any pow er, being form' d on great consi
deration of the comparative strength re
sources of the parties, the length of time, and
successful opposition made by the colonies,
and of all other circumstances on which it
ought to depend, was in strict accord with
tlie law of nations. Congress has invariably
acted on this principle, having made no
change in our relations with either party —
O ir attitude has, therefore, born that of neu
trality between them, which has b**en main
tained by the government with the strictest
impartiality. No aid Ins been afforded to
either, nor has any privilege been enjoyed
by the one, which has not been equally open
to the other party—ami every exertion lias
hecn made in its power, to enforce the exe
cution of the laws prohibiting illegal equip
ment*, with equal rigor again**! both.
By this equality between the parlies, llirir
public vessels have been received in our
ports on the same footing—they have enjoy
ed an equal right to purchase and export
arms, munitions of war, arid every other sup
ply—the exportation of aJI articles whatm cr
being permitted under laws which were pas
sed lung before the comnicncmcnt of the
content—our citizens have traded equally
with b.*h, nnd Ilnur commerce with earn
ha* been alike protected by the government.
Respecting the attitude which it m iy be
proper for the U. States to maintain hereaf
ter between the parties, I have no hesit ttinn
in stating it ns my opinion, flint the neutra
lity heretofore observed, should still be ad
hered to. From the change in th** govern
mont of Spain, nnd the negotiation now de
pending, invited by tile Tories nnd accepted
by the colonies, it may he preemned that
their differences will he settled nu the fe'UW*
propose/1 by the colonies, Should the war
{»« continued, the United State*, regarding
its occurrences, will always have it in their
power to adopt such meix'ire* respecting it,
as their honor and interest may require.
Shortly after the genera! peace, a hand of
adventurers took advantage of fids conflict,
ami of the facility which it afforded, to esta
blish a system of buccaneering in the neigh-,
boring seas, to the great annoyance (if the
commerce of the United States, and, as ira*
represented, of that of other powers. Of
this spirit, and of its injurious hearing on the
United Stale*, strong proofs were afforded,
by the establishment at Amelia Island, and
the purposes to which it was made instru
mental, by thi. band in 1817, and by the oc
currences which took place In other parts of
Florida, in I81H, the details of which, in
both instances, nre too well known to require
to he now recited. I am satisfied, had a less
decisive course been adopted,that the worst
consequences would have resulted from it.—
We have seen that these checks, decisive as
they were, were not sufficient to crush that
piratical spirit. Many culprits, brought
within our limits, have been condemned to
suffer death, the punishment due to that atro
cious crime. The decisions of upright and
enlightened tribunals fall equally oil nil.
whose crimes subject them, by a fair inter
pretation of thi law, to its censure. It be
longs to the Executive not to suffer the exe
cutions, under these decisions, to transcend
the great purpose for which punishment is
necessary. The full benefit of example be
ing secured, polity, as well a* humanity, e*
qually forbids that they should be carried
further. I have acted on this principle, par
doning those w ho appear to have been led as
tray by ignorance of tlie criminality of the
acts they had committed, anil suffering the
law to take effect on those only, in whose
favor no extenuating circumstances could be
urged.
tJrrnt confidence is entertained, that the
late treaty with Spain, which has been rati-
^.iLnd.prAdin^tninnh.re along
i whole coast, ami oo birth aide* of Mere be ,' n ,. xr |,. hi „ pLrcerl the
T »ml ri.ee,high-plo «ch e*:,«_m*hl dirt on a basis of
permanentfriendship. The provisions made
liy it lor such of our citizens ns have claim*
on Spam, of the character described, will, it
ia presumed, he very satisfactory to them—
tnd tli*.* boundary w hicii is established be*
tween the territories of the. parties, westward
of the .Mississippi, heretofore in dispute, has,
it is thought, been settled on conditions just
and advantageous tn both. Rut, to the ac
quisition of Florida, too much importance
ea mot he attached. It secures (o the Unit
ed States a territory important in itself, and
whose importance is much increased by its
hearing on many of the highest interests of
the Union. It opens to several of the neigh
boring states n free passage to the ocean,
through the province ceded, by several ri
ver®, having their sources high up within
their limits. It secures 11s against all future
annoyance from powerful Indian tribe*. I:
gives us several excellent harbors in the Gulf
of Mexico for ships of war of the largest size.
It covers, by its position in I lie Gulf, the
Mississippi and other great waters within our
extended limits, and thereby enable* the U.
States to afford complete protection tn the
va-t and very valuable productions of our
whole western country, which find a market
through those streams.
By a treaty with the British government, j
hearing date on the twentieth of Ortolan*,
one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, |
the convention regulating the commerce he-j
tween the United Stales and Great-Bcitain,
concluded on the .‘Id of July, one tlioumi l'
eight hundred and fifteen, whicll was about j
expiring, was revived and continued for the
term often years from the time of its expi-1
ration. By that treaty, *l«o, the diff/cnce* !
which had arisen under the treaty of Ghent. !
respecting the right claimed by the United I
States for their citizen*, to take and cure fish !
on the const of his Britannic Majesty’s do-1
minions in America with other differences
on important interests, were adjusted, to the
satisfaction of both parties. No agreement
has yet been entered into respecting the
commerce between the United Stxtcs mil
the British dominions in the West-Indies,
and on thi* continent. The rratrai.;:* hn
posed on that commerce hv Great Britain,
and reciprocated by t!ir United States, op a
principle of defence, continue still in force.
Tiienegotiation with France for the regu
lation of the commercial relations between
the two countries, which, in the course of
the last summer, had been commenced at
Pari*, has since b-cii transferred to this city,
and will be pursued, nu the part of the Unit
ed States, in the spirit of conciliation, and
with an earnest desire that it may termini.te
in an arrangement satisfactory to both par-
tic*.
Our relations with the Barhary powers
are preserved in the same state, and by tin
same, means, that were employed when 1
came into thi* office. As early a° 1801 il
was found necessary to send a squnlron in
to the. Mediterranean, for th«* protection of
our commerce, and no period ha* interven
ed,n short term excepted, when it was tlmh
<idvi«ab|e to withdraw it. 'Pile great inte
rest which the United States liav e in the Pa
cific, in commerce and in the fi-heries, have
also made it necessary to maintain a naval
force there. In disposing of ibis force, in
both instances,the most effectual measure* ia
our power have been taken, without inter fi r
ing with its other duties, for the suppression
of the slave trade, and of piracy, in the neigh
hor iug seas.
The situation of the United States, in re
gard to their resource*, the extent of their
revenu *, and the facility with vx hiejiit is rais
ed, affords a most gratifying spec! icb*. The
payment of nexrly hixty-smert millions ol
dollar# of the public debt’ with fin* great pro
gress made in measures of defence, and m
other improvement* of various kinds,‘■ince
the late war, are conclusive proofs o! tSiis
extraordinary prosperity, e*peci illy wh. u it
is recollected that theje expenditure* ha.e
been defrayed, without a burthen on tile peo
ple, tile direct fix and excise having be .n
repeal, d soon niter the rnnclrsion of the late
w .r, and flic revenue applied to these cr* at
obj •* ts having been r»i'i*d in a in inner not
to be felt. Our great resources, therefore,
remain untouched, for any purpf • which
may affect the vital filtered# of the n. Mnu.
For all such purpo ses they are iiiexln 1 -fi-
hle. They are more especially to lie fanoi
in the v irtue, patriotism and intelligence, of
our fellow-citizens, and i:i tin* devotion with .
which they would y ield up, by any just 111 a- j
sure of taxation, all their property, in sup
port of the rights ctvJ ku.uer of their couii-|
I nder the present depression of price*, af- J
feeling ;,|| the productions of the count* y, j
and every branch of industry, proceed*! tgj
from causes explained on a former occasion, |
t!i« revenue has considerably diminished—
the effect of which haa h<*e.u tn compel Coil-1
gre*seither to abandon these great mca«nresj
of defence, or to resort to loans or internal
taxes, tn supply the deficiency. On the pre
sumption that this depression, and the defi
ciency in the revenue arising from it, would
he temporary, loans were authorized for the
demands of the last and present v ear. Anx*
ious to relieve my fcllow-citi/eu* in 1817,
from every burthen whicll could he dispens
ed with, and the ‘fate of the Treasury per
mitting if, I recommended the reper.l of the
internal taxes, knowing that such relief wa*
then peculiarly necessary, in consequence of
the great exertions made in the I iV war. I
made t I1.1t recommendation uni! r a pledge
that, should the public exigencies re juire a
recurrence to them at any time w* ile I r«*
mained in this trust, I would, with eqii l
promptitude, perform file duty which would
then Ik* alike incumlient on me. By the ex
periment now making it will he seen, by the
next session of Congress, whether I lie reve
nue shall have been so augmented as to be
adequate to all these necessary purposes —
Should the deficiency still continue, and es
pecially should U he probable that it would
lie permanent, the cnnr*e tn lx* pursued ap
pears to rue to bo obvious. I nrn aati**f ii
that, under certain circumstances, loans may
he resorted to with great advantage. I am
equally well f&tisfied, as a general rule, that
the demands of the current year. es|»erin|!)
in time of peace, Minutd lie provided for bv
the revenue of that year. I have never dread
td, nor have I cvrr summed, in any irituati*
on in which I have been placed, making ap-1 been remedied. By steadily pursuing this
p« als to the virtue and patriotism of my fel-1 course, in this spirit, therein every leason to
low-citizens, well knowing that they could 1 believe that our system will soon attain the
never be made in vain, e*p«*cinlly in times of J highest degree of perfection of which hu
man institution* are capable, and th*t Vh«
movement, in all its branches will exhibit
such a degree of order and harmony, as to
command tlo* admiration and respect of the
civilized world.
Our phydcul attainment!) have not been
less eminent. Twenty-five years ago the
river Mississippi was shut up, and our west
ern brethren had no outlet for their com
merce. What has been the progress since
that time? The liver has not only become
the property of The United States from its
source to the ocean, with all its tributary
streams, (with the exception of the upper
part of U e Red l iver only.) hut I.ouisiaiia,
with a fair mid liberal boundary on the west
ern side, and the Floridas on the eastern,
have been ceded to u*. The United States
now enjoy the complete and uninterrupted
sovereignly over the whole territory from
St. Croix to the Sabine. New state*, set
tled from among ourselves in this, and in
'flier parts, have beet) admilti d into the U-
nion, in equal participation in the irilionat
sovereignly with the original state 1 . Our
population has augmented in mi a-U.mishing
degree, and extended in every direction.—
NVe now, fellow-citizencomprise within
li nils the diimuislo and faculties of a
great power, under a go* eminent possessing
all the energies of a »v government ever
know n to the old w orld, with uii utter inca
pacity !•• oppress th** people.
Entering, with these views, the office
•i'll ! have jn*t so! • uinlv sworn to execute
with fidelity, and !•* ;lh uinm*d of my ability,
I derive great s'itisf.irtinu from a k 11 »wledge
hat I *h.t!| lie a-sisf.**| in I lie several depart
great emergency, or lor purposes of liigh n«
tional importance. Independentlyof tk-ex
igency of the case, many considerations n
great weight urge a (Nilicy having in view a
provision of revenue to meet, to a certain cx-
trnt, the demands of the nation, w ithout re
lying altogether on the precarious resource
of foreign commerce. | am satisfied that
internal duties and excises, w ith correspond
ing imposts oil foreign articles of tile stitii
kind, w'ould, without imposing any serious
burthens on the people, enhance the price of
produce, Promote our manufactures,'* and
augment the revenue, at the same time that
they made it more secure and permanent.
The care of the India;) trilies within 1
limits has long been an essential part of our
system, hut, unfortunately, it ha* not In
executed in a manner to accomplish nil the
objects intend* d by it. We have treated
them as independent nations without their
having nuv suSsiuntinl pretension to that
rank. The distinction ha? flattered llirir
pride, retarded their improvement, tfnd, irt
winy instances, paved the way to their dr.
struction. The progress of our settlement*
westward, supported, a* they are, by
population, has constantly driven them back,
with almost the total sacrifice of the land*
which they have been compelled to aban
don. They have 1 laiim on the magnanimi
ty, nnd, I may add. on the ju-tice i.l this na
tion, which we must all fed. We should
become their real benefactor*, we should per
form the office of tiieir Great Father, the
endearing tide which they emphatically gv *•
the Chief Magistrate of our Ueion. Their
sovereig / v over * ot territories should eea.se,
in lieu of whirl) the right of soil slum :i
be secured to each individual, and bis poste
rity, in competent pmthum, and for the ter
ritory thus ceded by each tribe, some reason
able equivalent should he granted, to lie vest
ed it) permanent funds for the support of«■
v ii government over them, and for the cd:i-
v.d.ioi of their children, lor meir instruction
in tile art* of h'nd-y, v.v! ' : pr;jv;d •
tenauce for them until they 1 mid provide il
for themselves. \fv eatoesi b«*p,» j", »!»•«»
f’ongri’ss will d! ;**st home plan, founded 00
these piiuciples, with such iniprovcmente as
their wisdom may suggest, and carry it into
effect ns soon as it nt iy hepr. i r i< able.
Europe is agai 1 unsettled, n>d the proa-
pec! of war increasing. Sh-odd the nunc
light up, iu any quarter, >" far it 111 y ex
tend, it i.* iuipos-ih!e to f. t i a *. It is our
peculiar fetidly to he 1 together unconnect
ed with tu- r i'im >.v iii-ii produce tni*» m •
n.ieiug aspecte!i v h re. With eve v p**w
«*r we are in ;■ : ct amity, and it is our inte
rest to remain it’ if he p;m tirable on just
coiiditiioi*. I — t* 1 • no »•* i»ninb!e cause to ap
prebend variance with <-.\ power, unless it
proceed from a viol.inon of our maritime
right*. In these co.ii-sts, «hooid they oc
«*»•»*. nnd to whatever extent they may o«
carried, we shall heneUiral—but. as si neutral
power, wo have right* whicll it is our duty
to ni.lint. in. For light injuries it will he i 1-
ciunbent on us to seek redress in a spirit ot
amity, in full confidence that, injuring none,
nope wouid knowingly injure to*. For more
imminent dangers vve should I"* prepared,
and it shuuM nlwny* In* recollected that
swell preparation, ad tpti d to the circumstan
ce 1, and sanctioned by the jndx lieut and
w i*he* of our coiintitueots, cannot fail to have
a good effect, in averting dinger* of every
kind. We should recollect, also, that the
season of peace is best adapted to these pre
paration*.
If we tun our attention, fellow-citizen*,
more immediately to the inertial concern#
of our country, and more rs[ dually to those
on which its future welfare depends, we have
every reason tn anticipate the happiest re
sults. It is now rather more than lorty-four
years since we declared our indcpendence
and thirty-seven since il was acknowledged.
The t dent* and virtues which were display
ed iu tb.it gn at struggle were a mire presage
of all that has .since followed. A people who
wen* able to surmount, in their info f ?t He.
such great peril**, would be more competent,
as fli*y ro*e into manhood, to repel any
which they might meet iu their progress.—
Their |»li\ deal strength would he more a.Ie-
uu ife fo foreign danger, and the practice of
- !f-love**ornent, aid'd by the light o r .*pe-
rienpe rout 1 not fail to produce an off t,e-
quaMy #?.l it ary, on all those questions con
nected with the interna! organization. These
f.,vorahie nufiripitions h ue been re-dizi d.—
I 1 our wl*«»|r fV't< nt. ni!ii»n;d cud state, we
h ive shunned ;,l|;!•« fi u**ctx wliieh iincea*
ingly preyed on the v ir
ancient republic*, fu t
tinct orrie >, a nobility i
people governed in one
the one instance, f.he/ e 1
flii t between the orih
a*c mlerit v, in wldcb t
ai:* 1 destroyed the
11, there v\, re dis
people, or the
• "’.bit. Thus, in
1 : pi'. pefi," I con-
in society fur til-
Vlctu/V of Op her
terminated in tbc.toerihrow of toe g«w» m-
miu.t, and flic ruin of the state. I • u utli-
er, in w he h tht pcple gnv cr*»ed i. ♦ lauG .
and w li«me do .union* ueldo 1 cr« red the di
mensions cfa ro nty in * i:n ilTcir Male®, a
tumultuous »nil disorderly moveui* t, p* •
milted in Iy .1 transitory exislerre. *In thi**
gient na'ioii there ie but on- outer, tb:;t of
file people, v l.oM* power, by a pt ioliarly
bappv improvemept of tlo* rej 11 «entativ
principle, 1* transferred from them wiftue '
impairing, in the slightest «!. grcc, thr if ho«e-
reighty, to bodies of their own creation, nnd
to pernm* • lected bv tliemxclves, in the full
♦*xt« .It mceisary for ail the purpose* of free,
enlightened, and * fiicicut goveronieut. The
whole system is ♦ lective, the complete an-
vercignty being in the people, and cvciy of
ficer, in every department, deriving bis au
thority fiom, and being responsible to, them
for hib conduct.
Our nicer ha* corresponded with this
great outline. Perfection in our organizati
on wudd not have been expected in thr out
set, either in the national or “tati* govern
ment*, or in tracing the line between their
respective power*. But no eerioua conflict
!im< arisen, nor any contest but not h a* are
managed bv argument, and by a fair ; • *al
to the good sen*e of the people—and many
and every jpdividual or company, that hag
laid off, on any lands by him or them pur
chased of the United States, any town, a
part or the whole of the lots whereof have
been sold, shall be entitled to the benefit* of
this act in relation to any half quarter or
quarter section of land, on which such town
may be situated, U of all lands by him or them,
owned, contiguous to adjoining said half-
quarter, quarter section, or section, on whicb
said tow n is situated, upon condition Only*
Ilia: each and every person who has purchas*
cd of him, or them, a town lot, or part of %
lot, or land in and adjoining the same, shall
lie entitled to a refhissiou of mII int«re.*i that
ha* accrued, and to a discount of twenty per
centum on the amount unpaid, and to dis
charge their debt by bond*, with security, ia
equal annua! instalments of four year*, from
the .10th day of Orceniher next. Nor shall
the orovision* of this act be construed to ex
tend to any person or person* claiming title
to land under tiie provisions of an act j a-sed
the third day of March, eighteen hundred
and seventeen, entitled “ an act to set apart
I dispose of certain public lands for the
encouragement of the cultivation of the vino
arid olive.”
And be itfvrlher enacted, That, fop
failure to pa) the several debts aforesaid, if*
manner aforesaid, and for the term of threw
mouth* after the d iy appointed for the pay-
n»-ut of the last instalment thereof, in eac h
of 1 he classes aforesaid, the land so purchas-
d or held by the respective persons iudeht- .
d to the United States as aforesaid, shall,
pso facto, become forfeited, and revert to
he United St.it,*,. ,
*! 7 - dntlbc it further enacted, That no |i.r-
'"tn hIi.i!I Ii" di*ftni a d tn hriiicliMl.il ivitlmi,
nr cntitlnl to, tile hi in fit of any of tin- j.ro-
vi.iiin. of tlii.arr, who .h illnnt, on or b-fore
•it« hy til" vi-ry cr.|i;hlcm-il unit upright the , J .0tli J.iv of iJc|i.cmlNT r» xt, ni^n. ami
1 ‘ " ' '' IB- hi Ihtt offlrrof the Kr,i.trr of tile Land
Ollier iif the ili.trirt Hrhric thr hod waa pur»
»Inard.or «lirj-r ihr rrsit.ur ol Ihc | n citnsG
money i, p ijr,.blr, a dcclnrntioii in ,-, Kf
■•xprrs.inu In. consent to the iamr—and
ni.trr, tor reccitmg, re-
rordimr. anil flli ieih“«::rar t (ft.
i) «. Jlud be it further enacted, That n oi.-.ll
hr, anil hereby h rmule. the d'jtf cf th -
vernl KeEi.tera imd Rrceircra of Land olli*
re. ol the. I'lilted S.atrs. RCcoriling to the
form* and io.trurtimia which thail lie piveo
in that behalf hy the Treasmy l)epar| r ncn|,
to i.Hiirt ill carr»iii|* this « r t into execution,
to keep f 'll find l.titlifol .in onnts and re-
oiril ol'all prurecdiiiji. under the same—mid
nithi'i the term Ilf three oioiith. after tun
s.iid Siltli (IsV of September next, to tMni-
mit to the s:nd depurtment a rorrrrt report
"f the qtt 'iitily of laml reliti.jiii-hed to the
L oil.il State.—tlir quantity on which till
payment* ah.-ill hare been madi—and tint
*,"entity on whirh a furthercrrdk .hall hero
liren yi>< ii.di.tirn;iiitihiiiE the amount ofth* •
debt on » u h further rrrdil shall hare liren
allow ed—and llle Registers and Receiver*,
reitpictii 1 Iy, shall be rnlitled In receive fifty
rents from the party relinquishing, for rack
half quarter section, quarter section, hill'sec
tion, section, or Irani sulxlivlsiou of a fracti
onal section, so relinquished,
Ii t>. .fad be it further enacted, That no
land, pt^-basrd from tile L'liilrd Sluta., on
or before the first day of July, Itiyo, which
are not already forfeited, shall he considered
as forfeited to the gm eminent, for failure iu
completing Ihe payment thereon, until the
said .-toth of September next;it all th.- land*
which shall he relinquished to the U. Stales,
as aforesaid, shall be deemed and hel.' to tie
forfeited, and. with «|| other land, which may
become forfeited under tills art, ahall lie sold
according to Ihe provision, of the act, entit
led “ An act making further provision for
the tale of the public lands,” passed Ihe Xtth
day of April, |u :o.
>10. find be it further enarted. That no
land w hieh *hull lie Hurmuteod under th®
provisions of thi* act, shall be ottered for sate
Tor the term of two year* after tha .urreu-
der thereof.
pgoil Ttl» ARXAkhll GA7ITTI.
t‘ ne .lrl.ameu Rtoer—The Arksr.sai, next
to the Musouri, is the most con.ider.ble tribu-
tar) of toe Sli.kistippi, In l. n «th, it is nearly
Imo Ihoutnii.j 8ve hundred mil.., and naviga-
l.le, at proper »«».», u ,„|y jj..
tance. Dreukenridge't new„/Uuimueea.
This river aflords immettse hodie* of
lir.t-rnte land ; the bottom, are from one
to .even nnlca wide ; and the uplands
are very fine and well watered. For
two hundred mile* up thi* riref, the soil
" adapted to the cultivation of Cot-
ton. a. ha* been fully proved by many of
the planters, who have *ettled‘, within w
lew year* past, on its herder.. It j s
found, bv experience, that no laud in tha
U. State* will produce more to the acre,
oftlii* valuable article of commerce, than
those on the Arkansas. In point of qual
ity, the Arkansas cotton i» equal to that
ol l.ed River, and alivay* commands in
the New-Orleans market hs high a price.
three—'lake. it. course in th. Cor
dilleras. at no great d .tance north of Santa.
Fee. In irngth il is -.limit the lame with the
Arkansas."—fir./-; n,ridge.
i hi. river runs ln a ,alley, which is
from live to fifteen miles wide ; the soil
of which is equal tn any in the known
world. Large settlements are already
•i z»*ns from whom I !mi» r* r»*ivo«l somurli
■•I i i th** pivccUitig term. With full eoufi-
buKe i • ’ »»• cop!im , ,hch of l!ii»* rmilor, and
'i* uToiHiudulv ' it. f Min my fellow citizen*,
•t !• vvbii’li f !mv ri.tofore e\|»» rituic-
I. himI. wi»h h fi
Almi^htv G ui. I .p:»|l forthwith
ot i*it- high trust to which
you have called
\.\ \Cr
Tor the relief f ti— I*urch«*er# of tin* T bite
Laii'l*. prior • > t .'»#* fiiM dnv of July, eighteen
h'ii' Irpfi hii# iwmty
/ic if >nactt<l b;f the Senate end If him of
irpresetd'tlirex uf the Untied Staten cf •lm<-
Ira in ('ongrfs nttembled. That, in all chs-
•** xvhere bind# have het*n puri’hnx* d from
lie United State*, Prior to the find day of
1 ulv* eighteen huiiuretl Hiul twenty, it vhJill
»e finvfi'l for any *urh purchaser, or other
lemon or perxon*, beiug the legal holder of
mv certifie.ifp, or rertifieale*, of land, on or
i-fore tie .10»h day of September, U’<l, tu
•lie, with *he B.egi?ter of the Land Office
where anv tract of land ha* been purch:e** d.
relinquishment in writing of any section,
Half tjeefion, quarter *ertimi, half quarter «ec-
fioii* or legjl *u!idivi*ion of any fractional
ert ion of land *0 | urrhaxed, upon which the
a hole purchase money ha* not been paid,
tnd all sum* paid on account of the part re-
inquished shall be applied to the discharge
»f toy instuliiiOfitx which may he, nr shall
ureafter become due and payable upon
♦ui h land, *0 purehit*ed, a* -hall not have
been relinquished, and shall fie *0 applied k
credited a* to complete the payment on *otne
one or more half quarter section*, where the
ixyment* hy transfer are sufficient for that
purpose : Provid'd, That all division*, and
-ubiljvis.ons contemplated hy this act, “hall
ie n»**d- j in conformity with the first section
>f an act making further provision for the
< de of public land*', passed the J4th day of
April, 18.*0 : And provided, also, That the
uglil of reiiiii|ui«hmeiit hereby given chxll,
111 no case, authorize the party relinquishing
to claim any repayment from the United
State-* : And provided, a/#o,That where h-
ny purchaser lias purchased, at the same
lime, two or more quarter section*, he shall
not he permitted to ri linquish lean than a
piarter section.
^ *!. And be it further enacted, Tli.it the in
terest which shall l? % ve accrued before the
thirtlHh day of Septemlier next, upon nkv
f*r to the United States, for public land,
shall be, and the same is hereby, remitted
ml discharged.
y And bt it furliter enacted, That the
persons indebted to Hie United States, as a-
fore«nid, shall be divided into three classes—
the fir*t das* to include all such persons as
hull have paid to tin* United States only one
fourth part of the original price of tiie land
hy them respective Iy purchased, or held—
Hie second ete** to include all such persons
ihall have paid to the United States only
e h 'If part of such original price—and the
third cbus tn Include all sue!) persons a* shall
Imve p;ii | to the United Slate* three-fourth
lmi is of Midi origiml price—and the debts
n* ihe person* included in the first class shall
e paid in eight equal annual instalments—
be debts of the pel son* included iu the Be
rn d el iss shall he paid in six equal annual
iust/iliiients— and the debts uf the persons
includ' d in the third class shall |»e paid in
four eqiii-l annual instalment*—the first of
wbicb instate ents in each of the rla®s*e» a-
foresaid rhall be paid in die tnnmjer follutv-
ug. In wit : of the third cla-s, on the fM)th
!j\ of September next -of the second cla'-s
»n file J! 1st day of December next—and of
be fust rla«s, on the 31st day of Marctk, _
Bvti—ami III.- wlmle of III.! debt aforesaid, j formed upon it within the limits of our
-ball bear an attunal interest at the rate of Territory, »»‘d which
ix per rent: Provided altrays. That the
rime shall be remitted upon each and every
►f the instalment* aforesaid which shad he
punctually paid when the same shall become
pay abb* a- aforesaid.
tnd be it ftitiher enacted, That in alt
case* where complete payment of the whole
are rapidly in-
croamng. The fir-t land sale that we
ahall have in the Territory, will no
doubt embrace a considerable quantity
of (hi* valuable soil, as it j, alrewly Nh
v-.ved nnd ready f or market. We will
mho doe, or >1 hit ti may heroine due, for any p . nffJJLV!?
tr .ct of land purchased from the U. Staton ' lron Wr indoceuteOts to the
aforesaid-tinll he made on or before the Soth ; J >m ' - Cri, nt, than this does. It it renera!
day of Se|itemtier, l«4i. a deduction, at the j M " np *y watered, and is Considered b.
thirty -even and a half |mt centum, j Ihtise «hn inhabit it as being r«ry heal
•halt he allowed iq>on the sum remaining un- thy. Many small but beautifol stream*'
paid '. Provided. That nothing herein con- which pay their tribute to Red River'
tamed shall authorize any cWnunt upon 1 nuke thole ^ ., - J
psymei.t* made hy . transfer of former pay- .E?™*- jUroogb
.. . . . ® Pjments under the protiliont of the first teeii- 1 'XUrtOUS Felley. Cottac), Tobacco,
if Ihe defertaNt hirh expeneuee had clearly on „f ,hi, net. • «nd Lorn, are the prioctpRl articles CuL
demonstrated, in both governments, t»*ve | j, Ani k U y ur(W narlt ^ Tlut tivaled on ll«d Riv^r.
