Newspaper Page Text
111,
v\ nusHr.D w..i:kly,
nr?. (iiuYTULYDb ir. ormk
On fi.in*•■•'•k Strcrt,opposite the Auction .Sion**
AT 'i'll n UK. IIOL1 4 !'.S, IS ADVANtf, OR FBI'!
UOM..UH AT TUK EXPIRATION OV TH,.
VK.AH.
ft,' \i|vi»rt?*emen1s Cnnftpfciinutly insert c*
j>! I lie cu»tutniiry rntf?«. Letters on businrias,;
at I must, be post paid.
MIELEDGEYJGLE, TUESDAY, AP-KIJL. ftf, hmr*
"*vr—■, X
A/' :m«c of lor. President of the United
Slates to Congress, upon the subject of
the Fortifications on Ll an phi at Island
and Mobile I'oint,
i'n tin 1 Senate mi 1
H i > if Ki'i'ri^enlntives of llie United Slatos,
i '<Migi t. -s lii,i mg suspended the appro
]ii iiitimi, tit tin* last st-don, for t! ! ; r-
liiiiaitum ill L)*iupiiinc Island, m ..oiise-
quenco of a doubt w lii' li «■».« out. ilained
i>i llie propricty ol Unit position, the lur-
lltnr prosecution oi tho work was sus-
■jien bid. am] an order ^ivon, as inliiuiited
in the Me "age of the Oil of December,
1o tho Coord ol Engineers & Naval Caro*
t,,i-sioners, to re-examine that p-.ii't of
the coast, ami particularly that posistion,
os also the position, at Mobile Point, with
which it is connected, and to report their
opinion thereon, w hich has been done,
mid which report is herewith communi
cate J.
Bv this report, it appears to he Mill
the opinion ol tho Board, that the con-
Strmt'.inn of works at Imth those posi
tions is of great importance to the de
fence of New Orleans, ami of all that
portion of our Union which is connec
ted with, am! dependant on, the Mis-
si'-ippi, and on the other waters which
empty into the Golf of Mexico, between
that river and Cape Florida. That the
subject may be fully before Congress,
1 transmit, also, a copy of the former re
port oi the Hoard, being that on which
the work was undertaken, and has been,
in part, executed. Approving, as I do,
the opinion of the Board, I consider it
tnv duly testate the reasons on which l
adopted the first report, especially as
they were, in part, suggested by the oc
currencies of the late war.
The policy which induced Congress to
decide on ami provide for, the ih fence
of the coast, immediately after the war,
was founded on the marked events of that
interesting epoch. The vast body of
men which it was found necessary to call
into the field, through tho whole extant
of our maritime frontier, and the mini-
s..- r- r'lm [,(■)'■ 1’' * ' \ ~ ’ , I'll O'.
lm , n , n , . (yq milium* of money and
waste cl property, which followed, were
to be traced, in an eminent degree, to
the defenceless condition of the coast.—
It was to mitigate these e\i!s, in future
wars, and even for the higher purpose
of preventing w ar itself, that the decision
was formed, to make the coast, so tar as
it might be practicable, impregnable ;
and that the measures necessary to that
great object have been pursued with so
much zeal since.
It is known that no part of our Union
is more exposed to invasion, by the no
morons avenues leading to it, or more
i!i fenceless by the thinness of the neigh
boring population ; or offers a greater
temptation to invasion, either as a per
manent acquisition, or as a prize to the
cupidity of grasping invaders, from the
im nense amount of produce deposited
th'-ie, than the city of New-Orloans.
1- H known, also, that the seizure of no
part of our Union, conhl affect so deeply
and vitally the immediate interests ol so
many states, anil of so many of our fel
low-citizens, comprizing all that exten
sive territory and numerous population
which are connected with, anil depen
dant on, tho Mississippi, ns the seizure
of that city. Strong works, well posted, j
were, therefore, deemed absolutely ne-
fcersary for its protection.
It n not, however, by the Mississippi
Only, nr the waters which communicate
directly with, or approach nearest to,
Neiv-Orlrans, that the town is assailable.
It will lie recollected that in the late
war, the public solicitude was excited,
hot so much by the danger which menac
ed it, in those directions, as by the ap
prehension that, while a leint might be
made there, the main lorce landing either
in the bav nf Mobile or other waters be
tween that bay & the Rigolets, would be
thrown above the town, in the rear ol the
army which had been collected there lor
its defence. Full confidence was ent'-r-
tr.ined that that gallant army, led by the
galtm t and able chief who commanded it,
would repel any attack to winch it might
be exposed in front. But bad such a
force been thrown above the town, anil,
a position taken on the hanks ot the ri
ver, tiic disadvantage to which our troops
would have been subjected, attacked in
front and rear, as they might have been
An attempt to seize Nciv-Orlenns and
the lower part nftlie Mississippi, will be
ma le only by a great power, or a com
blmition nt several powers, with ii strong
naval and land force, the latter nf which
inns! lie brought in transports which may
sail in shallow water. If the defences
around New-Orleans are well posted,
and of sufficient strength to repel any at
tack which mav ho made on lliem, the
city can he assailed only by a land force,
which must pass in the direction above
suggested, tietween the llignlets and the
Hay of Mobile. It becomes, therefore,
an object of high importance to present
Midi an obstacle to such an attempt, as
would defeat it, should it he made. For
tifications are useful far the defence of
tensive works would he altogether un
necessary, either at Mobile Point, or at
Dniiphine Island, since sloops of war,
only, navigate the deepest channel.—
But it is not for that purpose nlnnu tlini
these works are intended. It is to pro
vide, also, against a formidable invasion,
both by land and sea, the object of which
may he to shake the foundation of our
system. Should such ‘mail works he
erected, and such invasion lake place,
they would he sure to lull at once into
the hands of the invaders, ami to ho turn
ed against us.
Whether the acquisition of Florida
may he considered as affording an in
ducement, to make any change in the po
' >n nr strength of these works, is u
posts, to prevent tt.es approach to cities, circumstance h mo:
and the passage of rivers ; but, ns works,
their effect ennnot be felt beyond the
reach of their cannon. They are for
midable, in other respects, by the body
of men within them, which may he re
moved and applied toother purposes.
Between the llignlets and the Bay of
Mobile there is a chain nf islands, at the
extremity of which is Daupliine Island,
which terms, with Mobile Point, from
which it is distant about three and a
quarter miles, the entrance into the Bay
of Mobile, which leads through that part
of the State nf Alabama, to the tow ns of
Mobile and Blakeley. The distance
between Dauphine Island and the lligo-
lets is 90 miles. The principal islands
betw een them are Massacre. I lorn, Ship,
and Cat islands, near to which there is
anchorage for large ships of war. The
first object is to prevent the binding of
any force, for the purposes above stated,
between the llignlets and the Bay of
Mobile—the second, to defeat that force,
in case it should be landed. When the
distance from one point to the other i-
considered, it is believed that it would
be impossible to establish works, so near
to each other as to prevent the landing
nf such a firee. Its defeat, therefore,
should he effectually provided for. If
the arrangement should he such as to
make that result evident, it might he
fairly concluded that the attempt would
not lie made, and thus we should ac
complish, in the best mode possible, and
with the least expence, the complete se
curity of this important part of our Un
ion, the great object of our system of de-
i»w. * i*. - ~ * - - t .
i'hero are so ae other views ot t...s
subject which, it is thought, will merit
particular attention in deciding the point
in question. Not being able to establish
a elmin of posts, nt least for the present,
along the whole coast, from be lligo-
lets to Dauphine Island, or on all the
islands between them, at which point
shall we begin? Should an attack on the
city he anticipated, it cannot be doubted
that an adequate force would immedi
ately be ordered there for its defence.
If the enemy should despair of making
an impression on the. works near the
town, it may be presumed that they
would promptly decide to make, an at
tempt, in the manner and in the line a
hove suggested, be.tweun the llignlets
and the Bay of Mobile. It will be obvi
ous, that the nearer the fortification is
erected to the Klgolet.s, with a view to
this object, should it be on Cat or Ship
Island, for example, the wider would the
passage be left open, between that work
and the Bay of Mobile, for such an en
terprise. I he main army being drawn
to New-Orleans, would he ready to meet
such an attempt, near the Rigolets, or at
any other point not distant trotn the city.
It ’is probable, therefore, that the enemy
profiting of a fair wind, would make his
attempt at the greatest distance compa
tible with his object, from that point,
and at the Bay of Mobile, should there
not be works there nf sufficient Mrength
to prevent it. ^ Should however, strong
works be erected there, such as were
sufficient not only for their own defence
against any attack, which might ho made
oii them, but to hold a force, connected
with that v hirti might bo dr ivvn from the
lion. From the view which I take of
the subject, I am of opinion, that it should
not. The defence of New-Orle.ins, and
of the liver Mississippi, against n power
ful invasion, being one of the great ob
jects, of such extensive works that object
would be essentially ah.mdtlned, if they
should be established easjvvard of the
Bay nf Mobile, since the force to be col
lected hi tie m would be jiluced at too
great a distance to allow the co-opera
tion, necessary for those purposes, be
tween it, and that at the city. In addi
tion lu which, it may he observed, that,
by carrying them to Pensacola, or fur
ther to the F, \st, that Bay would fall i n-
itiediatel v, m case of such invasion, into
the hands of the enemy, whereby such
co-opcraliun would be rendered utterly
impossible, and the Mate of Alabama
would alsn be left wholly unprotected.
With a view to such formidable inva
sion, of whicli we should never lose sight,
and of the great objects to which it
would be directed, I think that very
strong works, at some point within the
Gulf of Mexico will be found indispen
sable. I think, also, that these works
ought to be established at the Bav of '1
bile, one at Mobile Point, and the other
on Dauphine Island, whereby the ene
my would lie ex hided, and the* complete
command of that Bay, with all the ad
vantages attending it, be secured to our
selves. In the case of such invasion, it
will, it is presumed, be deemed necessa
ry lo collect at some point, other than
at New-Orleans, a strung force, capable
ot moving in anv directum. ;njil nff.ii/beg
ami, inmy judgment, no position pre
sents so many advantages, as a point of
rendezvous, for such force, as the mouth
of that Bay. The fortification nt the
Rigolets will defend the entrance by
one passage into Lake Pnnchartri.in, and
also into Pearl River, vvliii b empties in
to the Gulf, at that point. Between the
Rigolets and .Mobile Bay, there are but
two inlets, which deserve the name,
those of St. Louis and Pascagnla, tho en
trance into which is too shallow, even
for the smallest vessels ; and from the
llignlets to Mobile Bay, the whole coast
is equally shallow, affording the depth
of a few feet of water only. Cat Islaud,
which is nearest the llignlets, is about
seven and a halt miles distant trotn the
coast, and thirty from the Rigolets.—
Ship Island is distant about ten miles
from Cal Island, and twelve from the
coast. Between those Islands and the
coast, the water is very shalintv. As to
proper to observe that, after the repulse
In lor ■ New Orleans, in the late win
the Bnn.ii forces took possession in
D niplinln Island, and held it till (In
peace. Under neither of the reports o|
the Bo,vid of Engineers and Naval Com
missioners, could any but sloops of w.n
enter tin) B ly. or the anchorage betweei
Dauphine and Pelican Islands. Both
reports qive to that anchorage IB feet at
low ivatJr, and 20 1-2 at high. The on
ly difference between them con-ists m
this : that, in the first, a bar leading
to the anchorage, reducing the depth of
water to 12 feel at low tide, was omit
ted. In neither case could frigates cn
ter, though sloops of war of larger size
might. Plie whole scope, however, of
this roe., .a.. turns on a different plin
ciple—on the works necessary to de-
f nd (h it Bay, and, tiy means thereof,
New Orleans, the Mississippi, and all
tiie surrounding country, against a pow-
erlul invasion, both by land and sea. and
nut on the precise depth of water in any
ol the approaches tu the Bay or tu the
Island.
The reasoning which is applicable to
the works near New Orleans, and at the
Bay ol Mobile, is equally so, in certain
respects, to those which are to be e-
reeled for the defence of all the bays and
livers along the other parts of the const.
All those works are also erected on a
greater scale than would be necessary
t ir the sole purpose of preventing the
passage of our inlets by large ships of
Kempeun nations. Although
'■II reigns amongllu- inn -ijc ; *im. <
Germany (Austria amt PiussmV’
aoir tie ilu: -m. -i pledge tor in.niicN,'
■dii-'.al tranquility ot the Empire, jU
loiild.'s that might break nut in I,ilk'
i,iiaes, appeal-, uiah-r present cirrmusl\
. i, love nm.tud an ex’inordinary forest; .
onl i . .■ ' ire an aree d neutrality on to
pail el 11 rniniiy, sc .ns to us an uly
highly desirable.
Ciukleston, April 3.
From F.nrojie.—London pipers lo llnj
OPl and Livei pool lo the 1 O'.II Feb. vvi i
i "J ■ esterdav, Itv the arrival nf c
alp Charles and llrnrij, Capt. Gasdoii
i -111 days front Livei pool. The I'.-.v
article- ol interest they contain will
loont in our r...minus. A cuumi :
iBIUir, t'lMlUhlti)' «i fill rnttt*i»»cC'ui .
account of the markets, i- subjoined.
Liv unroot,, Feb. 9.
F.arly in the present week the de
mand lor Cottons was limited, but during
the latter part there has been a good at
tendance of the trade, and the demand
has revived ; Uplands have gone idi at
full prices, but we cannot notice any ad-
require it, would he called for, rather r**"*'® s , * 1,er , 0 ! U,S "«« »»«■« much done
than complained of, by our fellow-citi- M ' m ', are
|S 1 J | Cotton—N. Oi leans, 9d n 12d ; IVn-
' From these views, applicable to U( , | ami Alabama. 7 l-2d h 8 3-4d ;
very important subject of our defence- 1 . J|l,,n 'T’ ' a A ’ l*' 1 * , '.V~ ’
generally, as well as to the work a. i IJ ' 1 m.ddhng and good Ud a
Dauphine Island, I think it my duty to I lo ‘ ; sU I , | " P ' 1 *«•*» o^'inarv lUd a l«d
■ i * - j Mr. Ilntne moved an amendment to
recommend to Congress an appropria- j ,
tion fur the latter. I considered th 1 l ,°. 1 1 ' "
■ enn-
the articles, for the encouragement ol
our maiiiilartures, even if the levenui
lerived from them could be di-p* used
• ith. It i- known, also, that, .11 o-
hcr respects, oi.r condition, a- a u. ,i,ui,
s, in Hie highest degree, prosperi n'
aid nourishing, neatly half the debt ,.>•
urred hi the late war having idle;
'••en discharged, and considerable pi
less having alsn been made in the coin
lelion of this system ol defence, and m
lie construction of other work- of great
ixtent and utility, tiy the revenue de
rived from these sunn es .mil from th
•ale ol the public lands. I may add, nl
that a very generous provision Ini-
beco made, from llie same sources, for
In surviving officers and soldiers of our
revcTi.,!. a-y .onr- -. |’l,„. . i npov'.'ui
I acts show that this system lias been so
far executed, and may be completed,
without any real inconvenience to the
public. Were it, however, otherwise,
I have full confidence that any burthens,
which might be found necessary for tin-
completion of this system, in both it-
brauches, within the terra contemplated,
or much sooner, should any emergency
to his Majesty's S
war. They are, in most instances, form- ] w ithholding it at the I nt session a< the j " 11 " * ,l *" ' lim ' lo
ed lor defence against a more powerful expression only of a doubt, by Congrecs, i 1 ' ‘' 1 a ( i > ‘ u. lion o taxation.
: i. I. I . t . I I I „c , i *• .i :. »
invasion, both by land and sea. Titer
are, however, some differences between
the works which are deemed necessary
in the Golf, and those fn other parts of
our Union, founded on the peculiar
situation of that part of the coast. The
vast extent of the Mississippi, the great
outlet and channel of commerce lor so
in my states, all of which may be affect
ed by the snz ire of ihat city, or of any
part of tho liver, to a great extent nb
of the propriety of the position, and not
as a definitive opinion. Supposing that
that question would be decided at th
present session, I caused the po iti ui.
and such parts of the coast as are par
ticularly connected with it, to be re-ex
ainined, that all the light on which the
decision, as to the appropriation, could
depend, might be fully before you.
In the first survey, the report ot
which wasth.it on which the works
it, is one of those striking peculiarities I tended for the defence of New Orleans,
which requite particular provision.— {the Mississippi, the Bay of Mobile, am'
The thinness ot’tiie population near the
ci.y making it necessary that the force
requisite for its defence should be called
trmn distant parts and states, is another,
l he dang r which the army assembled
at. New / C.l., .-.-I,, cr.sa l itn! ... ui\ siiCiUlu
ail lhe country dependant on those wa
ters, were sanctioned by the Executive,
the commissioners were ind i-lrimisli
engaged about six months. I should
have cotnm micated that very able am
ramie in'.
,,.v a force on the river above it, from I try would j
Ills
si or our conn- j
publication, a oil I
the difficulty of ascending the river to j riimslui.ee which I now mention, tb " |
attack it, and of m iking a retreat in any the attention ol Congress may be drawn
other direction, is a third. For an at
tack on the city of New Orleans, Mobile
Bay, or any part of the intermediate
coast, ships of war would be necessary
only as a convoy to protect the transports
against a naval force on their passage,
and on their approach to tha shore, for
the landing of the men, and on their re
turn home, in case they should be re
pulsed.
On the important subject of our de
fences generally, I think proper to ob
serve, that tin* system was adopted im
mediately alter the late war, by Con
gress, on great consideration ii thorn
knowledge of the effects of that war —
by the enormous expense attending it —
by llie waste of hte. ol property, and by
the general distress of the country. The
amount of debt incurred in that war,
to it.
JAMES MONROE.
Washington, March 2G, IB'22.
VVVAI'.v.Ua* .
of l'un‘ii!ii Articles
the precise depth of water in approach- and due at its conclusion, without tak
ing those islands from the Gulf, the re ing into the estimate other losses, low
port of the topographical engineers not j U g been heretofore communicated, need
Having yet been received, it is impossible not now be repeated. The interest oi
to speak, with precision, but admitting it I the debt thus incurred, is four times
lie such, as for Ii igate«, and even ships |
of the line to enter, the anchorage at
both is unsafe, being much exposed to
northwest winds. Along the coast,
therefore, there is no motive tor such
strong works on our part ; no town to
guard ; no inlet into the country to de
fend ; and if placed on the island-, and
the entrance lo them i- such, a- to admit
large ships of war, distant as they are
ilium the con-t, it would he more easy lor
I me enemy to ns-ail '.hem with effect.
| The position, however, at Mobile
is essentially different. 1 bat bay
If the mom
d fortified Mo
more than the sum necessary, by annual
appropriations, lor the completion ol our
whole system oi defence, laud and na
val, to the extent provided for, and with
in the time specified. When that sys
tem shall be com deled the expense of
construction will cease, and our expen
ditures be proportionally diminished.
Should another war occur bef.re it is
completed, the experience of the last
marks in characters loo strong to lie
mistaken, its inevitable consequence ;
I and should such war occur, and find us
unprepared for it, what will be our jus
tilicalion, to llie enlightened body whom
we represent, for not hav ing completed
these defences. Thai this system should
not have been adopted before the. Fite
war. cannot be a cause of surpiise to any
one, b.-cause all might wish to avoid
every expense, the necessity ol vvlii- Ii
Letters from Spain nniiouiu-T tti»■ death ol
Hi- go, the champion of Spanish liberty uni!
ascribe it to poison
The trade of Dundee appears to be • x
(rent, ly brisk. All tile weavers, and indei il
all the laboring classes, were fully employed.
The manufactures were bought up as noun
as the vvi lis were nut of the looms.
A steam boat has been Imilt expressly fur
conveying the mails from Dover to < alais.
Died at Allens.,lore, near 1 lereloril. L ■,
land, Thomas tiillh-n in the 120th year of bi-
age. He was hapibed ill 1702, as appeal -
liy the I'ansli Register.
A Mr. Brady has invented a marine cam-
age. A small ear nr rliuise, capable nf con
taming one person, is elevated some !• et a
hove three liuov- filled with compressed air
One of these is i i fro it, the oilier two be
hind. These sustain the vehicle, which i
impelled by paddles placed at the huip.mi n
the ear. Tile paddles are put in mntiun b
turning a handle, vvliieb rises in front u! llie
charioteer. It can travel at the rate oi three
miles an hour. The inventor considers it
would tie found itsef .1 no L >k‘-a fur fishing
or for those who court the amusement ol
shooting water fowl.
amen-hnelit wa- ln-t,but tho large mino
rity lie obtained, shewed that the In,mu
is determined to enter on the subject with
earnestness and good faith.
Foreign affair* present no new asp°r?
this week. In Spain the popular com
motions arc every where subsiding ; n
-light disturbance at Seville seems scat •
ly to have been of consequence enou - ii
to form an exception. The law for tiio
regulation of the pres* in France has
nearly passed the lower Chamber : it bus
been debated cl mse by clause ; hut the
opposition in thiscon'eit. have only had
in view to display to Frame their opin
ions ; they h id no hope of being able t ■
wrest from the ministers any article ev
'he law. Russia and Turkey _ qoqtutqq
bit their intention* are pacific. 'I he
I Greek* are progressive in the work
I • mancipation. It is rumoured that C .!-
i I io has surrendered to San Martin ;
| ate this onl i as a report ; for altho ' :
J hr account is sulfi 1 iently rirruinstaiiti-
j it does not appear lo be credited by '
j London journals.
' We are this day enabled to lay he.fore n
readers hi- M.tje-ty’sspeeeli from the thru',
v hich lias been expeeb ii with such anx
and variety of anticipation. Il is exceedm
ly summary and concise.
It- r ifwtvnce to our foreign relations is, ..
usual, short and satisfactory. Hopes a
held out (hat the warlike aspect ol affairs .
>he Southeast of Europe may yet be sett!, ;
widinut mi appeal to the sword.
Tile coinmeice, manufactures, and reve
nue of the empire, are declared to lie in n
Unuri'hiiig e.od improving condiuen. The;,
tin- public rt venue ran In- in a prosperous
Hiatt, amidst the M-'t-r.-.t di-tre.s«vof llie. agi
eultiiral interest, that first and most mumm-
ton- nf all interests, i, a proof of what has
he,mi often a-serted, that the. ti'ndmg classes
of the community arc the principal tax-pay-
' itv lest such a body might he thrown bile Point ami Dauplune Island, being mtght bo, in any degree douhtf.il. But,
m i’s rear, as to cut off il* retreat.— | superior at sea, it would he difficult ho
i hese considerations show the great ad- j us to dispossess him ot efh. ., even ol
at the mouth of Mobile Point ; and bolding that posimm.j
Pen-.'Coin would soon fall, a?, without J
incurring great expense in the construe- 1
dies iv mid have been cut off, they could I tire entry ol ! vrg' slit].- . t -v a .it ! ^ ^ j |,hine Island, which would a fiord him 1 a Nance the system to its
tot long have remained in llie City, and, j bays 2c ri> eis, they wm , >e o 1 ' ' f great aid ttt attacking the point, and en- ii is known that no bur
withdrawing from it, it must have fallen for the defence of New- trie,ms, since r( j in< (JVen should vve succeed in have been imposed ; on
may easily b
pile
not
sing I
immediately into the hands ot the force
belmv. In ascending the river, to at
tack tire force above, the attack must
have been made to great disadvantage,
Since it must have been on such ground
and at such time a* the enemy prefer
red. These considerations show, that
d' li'iicps, other than such as are home
ciatclv connected with the city, are ol
ycat importance to its safety.
ot i 'libuting country, capable of co-ope-| Hay .
rntin<’ with the force at the city, and juke* Ms name rom the Mnh.le river,
Which would doubtless be ordered wh. h i* tunned by tb« junrtion the
those works, it. the event of war ; it Alabama and l o.nh.gtiee, winch extend,
would be dangerous for the invading each, about oOO mde* into the interior,
force to land anv where between the Hi- j approach",g, at the.r bead^ vvaters, near
rolets, and the'Bay of Mobile, and to the 1 ennessee river,
towards the Mississippi above the possessed its nunth,
‘ ilt» Piiint anu UaiHmiiie »»iauu, ut-111.-. I III _
ith the experience of that war hefor
us, it i- thought there is no cause for
hesitation. Will t he completion of these
works, and the augmentation of our na
vy, to the point contemplated by law,
lion of works there, i! would present bull require the imposition ol on -rous bur
a f-eble resistance to a strong force in (hens on our fellow-citizens, such as
its rear. If we bad a work at Mobile they cannot or will not bi ar ? H ive
Point only, the enemy might take Dan- such, or any burthens, been imposed to
present state ?
burthens whatever
on the contrary,
in polling the attack, trf reader us great j unit all the dic.-i t or internal t.ixos have
mischief there, and throughout the whole [
Gulf. In every view which ran he tak
en of the subject, it appears indispensa
ble for us to command the cnleranr.e in
to Mobile Bay ; and that deni-ion lining
I-!taken, 1 think the considerations vvhicl
vantage ot establishing,
the Bay of Mobile, very strong wot Its,
such a- would he adequate to all the pttt-
poses suggested.
if lortifkntiens were necessary, only
,!. As their -up- j to protect our country and cities, aguiu-t
that city cannot hr .-ipproaclfid, *o near
either by the Mississippi, or iri any other
direction, hv such vessels, lor them to
make an attack on it. In the Gulf, with
in our bmils west of Flortda. winch has
been acquired since these works were
derided on, and commenced, there is
Savannah, April 4.
LATF.ST FROM Mi.vNCE.
By tlie I'a-t sailing Itnlish brig Phoebe,
Capt. Anderson, vvi; have received the Pa i-
t institutional of the lit Ii Feb. No intelli
gence relative to the state of affairs in En
is afforded It i- tilled with debates in
the Chandler nf D. putie*, which, should
they afford any thing ol interest, Hindi lie
presented to nur readers. Capt. A. left lla
vre on the Iktli Feb., at which date war had
not been declared. The lid owing letter
contain* the latest Commercial intelligence,
afforded by this arrival:—
“ Havre. ! fin Feb. 1822.
“ We had this pleasure last on lb • Mil
ult.; since which our Cotton market bus
beet) tolerably steady. Several cargoes of
tile new crop have arrived, an ! sales of good
and prime I plioul* have li.-en making at Hi)
a ril I -2 sols—ordinary to fair ofthe old crop,
command -2(! a 21) sols—and one choice, but
small parcel, has been sold at 31 sols.
From French papers received nt Philadelphia
Frankfort, Germany, Jan. 23.
The Austrian Cabinet lias just addressed
to all the members of tin- German comrde-
nitimi a confidential communication nf a *c
rv important nature,. It insists upon adopt
ing, the system of.-in armed neutrality uri the
t of the whole of Germany, ns a uieasiin
.1 '•»? or nv, ’ r ' int ° A : favor'the occupation of Day,me Island
been lung repealed, and none paid hut l ortli*.* utmost neees-ilv in the actual eireuin
lltose which are indirect and voluntary, stances of Europe. ‘‘Tim union and good
such a* are imposed on articles imported understanding (such are tin; terms of thi-
from foreign countries, most of which note] exi-ling among the German go . rn-
are luxuiies, and on the vessels employ-1 ment*. together with tl.eerierget.c in, a mr, ■
, • , . . . i i I taken >v them lo supp 'fsa nil unutTminir}!
ed in the trnn-portation ; taxes wh.ch | ,'ithis d-y in keeping
soino ot our most cniignteiipu citizens |} prm .,,, v iv«*h fr«*m that spirit of Hnarchy
can enter. A- a defence then lote, j strot)2 . WO rk, are OoncluRvo. U is think ought to ha imposed oa many of’ wiji c u breathed in several uuur'.ura of other
against an attack, lrom such vessels, es-1 i °
After these consolatory statements, the
adverse side of tin; picture is presented.—
Tlie two prominent objects wbieh come un
der this description toe, of course, the dis
tressed state of the agricultuarl market, and
the diqiluialde euiiditiuu of Ireland. On
tl.e (list of thesu great points, not much il
promised; but we me afraid still less will
| )u pelforii.ed. Every expedivnt, however,
priv ate and public, wbieh promises a. hope
of alleviation, may, mid ought to lie tried.
Rents in st be lowered, taxation must be
lightened, the circulating medium must bo
extended, and the burthen of the pour rates
must be equalized. All this will certain.y
diminish tho immediate pressure of the e-
vil; lint the true remedy lies in that duo
adjustment of the snpp'y ti the demand,
wbieh human inter.'-t mi., ingenuity vvi I as
suredly di-eover m time, but without wine It,
no L gisl dive power mu lix the proper price
of any article whatever.
(In the second point, tlie disorders ot tl'C
South of Ireland, v.l... utn» mrn nr ron-%
dered ^ sji.-i ies of agricultural di-.tre;;*y
nothing specific Ims yet hern held out , hut
the. closest investigalinn, botli ns to tin if
causes, effects lied remedies, have hei n re
ligiously promised. Wo are apprehensive
that the radical grievances of Ireland are n-
feralile ratliei to Inihits and manners, than
to government mid laws—hut gnvcrnm. irt
ran ofli n do touch in alferating the di- 1
leelinti of naliuii.d manners, and in im
proving lhe general flame of society.—Tha
mischiefs caused by absentees, l.y mid
dle-men, by the fiibdiv isinns of land, mid
the want id employment i.avc been will
explained, and duly discussed. The ques
tion of tithe- lias been very cautiously men
tioned, as though both sides nf the huuae
were afraid to touch it- We hope this de
licacy will soon be overcome.; for though, in
•lie view nf tlie political economist, titima
• re but a trillng gi ievanc- to the ocei.piec
of tiie sui!, and no not essentially affect hir
properly, yet if they affect liis mind, and
destroy'bi; peace, tin y become matters oj''
die bi dicst cuiiseipninee.
. IRELAND.
( Fra. i Faulkner's Uabiin Journal, Feb. t.)
The desperate and ferocious < h mu ter of
the 'outlieru insurgents pi eclude- tliei.i I. mu
tku cyiuraicgcratiun of tho higher uidvfsr
