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Shopping
TROY, N.Y.,—This unnamed canine strolls across the
parking lot of a local grocery store in Troy with a loaf of
bread In his mouth. (AP)
Georgia-South Carolina
They’re still fighting
over their borders
By PEGGY WALSH
Associated Press Writer
ATLANTA (AP) — First it
was gold. Now it’s oil. After 190
years, Georgia and South Caro
lina still can’t decide where one
state ends and the other begins.
“We know the area is ours,”
said state Rep. Tom Taggert of
Georgia about the latest battle
over his state’s eastern bound
ary near Savannah.
“It’s an erroneous border” is
South Carolina’s reply.
The dispute began almost two
centuries ago, when gold depos
its were found in the Savannah
River, which provided a natural
boundary between the two
states.
Officials from both states met
in 1787 at the Convention of
Beaufort in South Carolina and
agreed to split the river down
the middle. The issue seemed
settled.
But at least three times since
the 1700 s, both states have
wrangled over who owns what
in the area.
The question of another form
of gold — oil — and dis
agreements over shipping and
shrimping laws prompted the
latest argument over where the
boundary should be drawn.
In February, the South Caro
lina Budget and Control Board
authorized the creation of a
negotiating team to talk with
Georgia officials about the east
ern portion of the border.
In April, representatives
from both states met in Atlanta
to discuss the way the U.S. Ge
ological Survey (USGS) had
drawn a topographical map of
the area in 1971.
The legislatures of both states
authorized legal appeals to the
U.S. Supreme Court if a
decision cannot be reached.
South Carolinians claimed the
USGS map gave Georgia an
area they had considered part
of their state, including Barn
well Islands 1 and 2 and Oyster
Bed Island. There are no in
habitants on the islands.
Other areas of dispute center
around shrimping laws, which
differ in both states, and a
Georgia shipping facility lo
cated in the river which allows a
vessel to unload barges of cargo
instead of going into port.
But the main reason for the
border battle is a federal gov
ernment proposal to lease off
shore areas for oil exploration.
The recent USGS map ex
tends the Georgia border north
eastward in the Atlantic Ocean
by the South Carolina coast. The
older map’s border extends
straight out from the mouth of
the Savannah River, giving
South Carolina more ocean ter
ritory.
Currently, states do not have
jurisdiction over the submerged
lands of the Outer Continental
Shelf, but |4OO million in grants
are to be issued to coastal states
to compensate for the impact of
drilling — and South Carolina
and Georgia both want their
share.
Although officials don’t know
where, or how much, oil may be
found, *’we do know that there
are certain areas the oil
companies are interested in,”
said South Carolina state Sen.
James Waddell, a member of
the negotiating team.
“If we don’t correct the pro
jection of the boundary,” he
said, “the money will go to
Georgia.”
But if South Carolina is ada
mant about the border — so is
Georgia.
“From the evidence we saw
(at the meeting), there’s not
much to negotiate,” said Tag
gert.
“We feel very strong in our
legal position,” said a spokes
woman in the Georgia attorney
general’s office.
The Georgia delegation bases
its opinion on an unwritten rule
that a boundary doesn’t change
when a river is altered by man
and not by nature.
“The general rule as applied
to private land is that boundary
lines can change by natural ac
cretion and erosion,” the
spokeswoman said.
“Avulsion, a sudden change
in the earth, wouldn’t change
the boundary,” she said. “And
the courts have treated man
made changes like avulsion. If
the Corps of Engineers builds a
dam or a levee, that does not
change the boundary line.”
According to Joe Talley of the
Georgia Department of Natural
Resources, several manmade
changes in the Savannah River
area have occurred since the
Beaufort convention.
“Several island points, in
cluding Oyster Bed Island
which is now part of Jones
Island, were filled in by the
Corps or by silt from dikes,” he
said.
“Where the channel is now
does not reflect where it was in
the past.”
South Carolina officials
haven’t addressed the man
made changes, but they have
raised a question of their own —
the validity of maps used by the
USGS to determine the border.
The USGS gathered maps
dating back to 1780 in an effort
to determine the course of the
river at the time of the Beaufort
convention.
But several of those earlier
maps had unknown authors,
said Pete Bermel, chief of the
USGS’s eastern mapping cen
ter.
“The authorship of the maps
is crucial,” said a spokes
woman for the South Carolina
attorney general’s office. “If
you don’t know the authors, how
can you vouch for their va
lidity?”
Ironically, in 1969, the Georgia
Legislature passed a resolution
setting the boundary in the
middle of the river — exactly
where South Carolina now
claims the boundary should be.
But the U.S. Congress failed
to ratify the legislation within
the required three years so the
resolution became inactive and
was repudiated by the 1977
Georgia Legislature.
“They didn’t look into the his
torical boundaries or at the
changes made by man,” said
Talley.
“They really weren’t aware
of the problem,” said a spokes
woman in the attorney gener
al’s office, “We don’t feel that
action is binding.”
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Page 19
— Griffin Daily News Thursday, May 12,1977