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SOUT II Klt N TRIBUNE. SUITED AMI PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY U n . It • II ARRISO \ . C'orre»pondence ? oiitheru Tribune. Millp.duev(i.le, Feb. 8, IS-50. During llte present week some impor tant matters have been acted on by the Legislature, and considerable progress made through the immense mass of bu siness. Tiie House and Senate yesterday repor ted a Joint Resolution recomtneding the 15th of this month as the day on which the Legislature should be dissolved. There is hardly a doubt but the adjournment will take place on that day, though at an im mense sacrifice of private claims and in terests. The alternative the people have to choose from, is Annual Sessions, ora period of four months for biennial ses sions. Yesterday we had quite an imposing scene in the llall. 'I he Piesident of the Senate, under the usual escort of the Chamber, came into joint meeting for the purpose of electing delegates to the Yush ville Convention, for the State at large. The result of the election, (which was bv acclamation) was the selection of Messrs. Writ. Law and Ciiaui.es Dougiiehtv, on the part of the Whigs, and Messrs. M. H McAllister and C. J. McDonald, on the part of the Democrats. This looks like being in earnest. The House rejected yesterday, by a very latge vote, all aid to the South Wes tern Rail Road, and cutting off all debate by the previous question. There seems lobe a spirit of pence saving, pervading the councils of our State, that cannot be expressed by the force of language. I very much doubt if any adequate pro vision will even be voted for those unfor tunate creatures at the Lunatic Asylum. Yesterday carrying nut the same spirit, the House gave the plainest indications that if pressed, the claim of heirs of Shef tall would be rejected, though based on military services, a land warrant, warrant of special survey, a plot and grant, with the groat seal of the State, fifty years old. This land was afterwards lotteiicd oil' by the State, and so far as any body can tell, never made for it compen alien. There has been some feeling in regard to the quarrel about the day schedule on the Sale Road, and a committee has been raised empowered to call for persons and papers, and instructed to report on the subject. We do not know if that com mittee will he able to report. To day the Tax Rill, once lost, but re considered,cotnes up. Its fate is extreme ly doubtful, though the original bill repot t ed by the Finance Committee has been to some extent modified by making a compo site work of it, made out of the ad valorem and specific principles. The ad talorem seems to be approved by every man not interested —the very best evidence in the world that it is the proper and just system. The friends of the original bill have had to yield the Cow Tax however, there not be ing the least chance in the world to tax cattle at this session. While talking of cows, it reminds me, that yesterday a most singular bill was put on its passage and lost, which provided for the prohibition of pas sage for droves of cattle from Southern Georgia through Cherokee on their way to Tennessee. The House (ora large ma jority of the Members) were taken by sur prise, when gentlemen of the first respect ability asserted for a fact, that the passage of these large droves of cattle from the South, though perfectly healthy, infected the cattle throughout the upper region of the State, (healthy themselves,) to such a degree that they die by hundreds. It was stated with much feeling that the evil must be redressed by law, or the people affected by it would rediess themselves. Already numbers of the cattle iu transitu were for cibly taken away and slaughtered in the woods. The Rock Island hill has passed, allow ing John G. Winter the privilege of the water of the Chattahoochee Riser at the West hank. lie singularly placed his Factory Buildings in the bed of the liver, fortyfeet East of low water mark , for the purpose of having them in the St ate of Georgia, her line extending to low water mark on the West bank. Mr. Winter is to pay SI,OOO for this privilege, and we hear since the passage of the bill, it has been admitted that he can sell out water power to the amount of $40,000. A good bargain. Last night, after adjournment, an invitation was publicly read bytheClerk from the desk, inviting all the friends of the Rock Island Bill, to meet him at McCombs’ to drink wine with him. It was very cool —it was. The friends of new Counties are in a peck of trouble about the number of grave difficulties in the way. The evident con flict between the intention of the law ma king power and the letter of the law first; then the doubt and misgivings as to the Su preme Court; then (he fear of the veto, &c., keep the citizens of Gordon Count 1/ on the tenter hooks. The bill authorizing the formation of anew county out of parts of Cass and Floyd to be called Gordon has passed the Senate. A bill to form a new county to be called Clinch out of parts of Lowndes and Ware has also passed the I loose.-. The following bids have passed since our last report: The bill of the House to authorize the South Western Rail Road Company to construct its Rail Road through the Pub lic Reserve adjoining the corporate lim its of the city of Macon, and to grant the said Company the use of a part of the said Reserve for a depot. Also, the hill to authorize the said Company to connect with the Muscogee Rail Road. To compensate clerks at elections, so far as regards the county of Bibb. The bill to incorporate a banking com pany at the Town of Fort Gains in the county of Early under the name and style ofthe South Western Bank of Georgia. '1 he bill to revive and amend an act en titled an act to incorporate the Madison & M aeon Rail-road company, and to define the powers, privileges, and liabilities of the same, assented to Dec. 19th, 1847. The hill to authorize the subscription by this State to the capital stock of the Milledgeville & Gordon Rail Road Com pany. The hill to provide for the removal of the present county site at Marion in the county of Twiggs, &c. The hill to authorize the Stock Holders ofthe Milledgeville Bank to increase their capital to sooo,ooo. The bill to prevent the running of Freight Trains upon all Rail Roads in this State on the Sabbath Day. Mr. Napier asked and obtained leave to Repent a bill to incorporate a Banking Company of the city of Macon, under the name of the Manufacturers Bank of Ma con. MACON, G A . SATURDAY MORNING, FEB. !», 1850. The Rev. Theobald Mathew —This gen tleman, after spending several days in Macon, left for Atlanta and Athens, Ga., on Tuesday morning last. During his stay here he adrniriis. tered the Temperance Fledge to four hundred and fifty persons making one hundred and se venty-five thousand in the aggregate, we learn, since his arrival in the United States. He will return in a few days to Griffin, and proceed thence on his way to the West, via Columbus, Montgomery, Mobile, and New Orleans, where he will remain until spring, and thence ascend the Mississippi rivor. Father Mathew was born on the 10th of October, 1700, at Tbornastown, near Cashel, in the county of Tipperary, Ireland. Me is a Catholic Clorgyman of pleasing manners and gentlemanly address, and it will be seen by the following letter addressed by him to Dr. R. McGoldrick, that his visit here has been quite agreeable, and we hope it may prove of lasting benefit to the great cause in which he has been such an efficient and zealous laborer. Macon, 6tb February, 1850. Mv Dear Dr. McGoldrick, Allow, me, prior to my departure from Ma con, to return you my heartfelt thanks, for your exceeding hospitality and kindness, whilst I lied the honor and happiness of being your guest. To my other Friends, from whom I have ex perienced so much courtesy, and attention, I feel deeply grateful.—As a proof of their friend ship, I have to acknowledge the receipt of One Hundred Dollars, the unexpected, spontaneous contribution, principally of my beloved, kind hearted Countrymen, for the completion of my Church in Ireland. Amongst the generous do nors, I find the honored name of your worthy Chief Magistrate—To him,and totlie other con tributors, a list of whose respected names, I have the pleasure to enclose, I beg you will present collectively and individually, my warm est acknowledgments. Believe me, with high respect, and ardent gratitude, my dear Doctor, Your devoted friend, THEOBALD MATHEW. Godky’s Lady’s Book— The Febrnary num ber of this work has been received. Its appear ance is as usual good and its contents interesting [O’Tlie returns as far as received indicate the election of Col. Joseph W. Jackson, to Con gress from the First District, llis majority in Chatham over It is opponent, the lion. W. B. Fleming, was 402 votes. If lie is elected, that will be honor enough for one day. Delegates to the Nashville Convention. It will be seen by our correspondence that Georgia has taken the step that fully commits tier, and from which there is no back out. The gentlemen selected by the members of the As sembly, are known throughout the country, and we feel satisfied that all will go well with us,so far as their fidelity is concerned. The whole na tion will be obliged to respect the action of such men,and we will see if they will be demoralized by the charge of being “extreme Southern men,” and agitators. It is thought by the best informed that this Convention will not be a resolution factory, but that things and not words will be dealt in. It is thought that the great matter that will engage the attention of the Convention will be the surrender by Northern States of our fugitive Slaves. The question is by far the most important involved in our controversy with the North, and until it is finally adjusted there is to be no peace for this country, Mr. Cling man states that there are now fifteen millions of slave property withheld from us, and our citi zens have not alone been outraged in their rights of property, hut their lives have been brutally sacrificed by mobs in tbeir attempts to right themselves. This tiling must be remedied. It must be understood again, as it was for more than a half century, that a slaveholder can a s easily recover his slave at the North, as a mer. chant can recover his claim at the South. If their courts are not to ho opened to us, so let ours be shut in their faces. In less than six months, that meritorious and liberal class of men, the Northern merchants, would subsidize our cause, by their intelligence and their money. Their interests will be ours, and reciprocally they would be gaining by their alliance with us. Let the measures of redress, be what they may t lie thing cannot be longer delayed. From California. —The steamer Alabainaat New Orleans brings news that Lt. Col Fremont and Mr Gwin w ere chosen U. S. Senators from California. Gov. Burnett was inaugurated. A fire occurred at San Francisco on the 24th Dec., which consumed property valued at $1,500,000. The Constitution was adopted by >\ vote of 12,000 foi up] 81. .gainst it. The cold and wet vveather had nearly etopt the work at the mines. The Southern Question. llow are the spirit of fanaticism and the lust for power which have manifested themselves at the North to be stayed ? To answer this question, it is necessary to understand the motives by which these people have been actuated. That the people of the Northern States really rare any thing for the slaves, no reasonable man can for one moment believe.—There is among them too much un relieved and uncared for human misery and suf fering for that; they exercise power over their white brethren, when they have it, with too re lentless a hand to justify such a suspicion.— If the abolitionism movement had derived its existence and support from fanaticism alone, it would long since have passed away—it would have destroyed itself by its own violence, or cooled down by its own evaporation. But it hud its origin in a feeling, if not so violent, at least much more powerful and enduring. The violent feelings of our nature waste themselves by gratification, or destroy themselves by their own strength. Not so with the lust for power and dominion. Every great action adds to it fresh strength. This is the feeling which has given rise to and sustained the movement. The sluveholding States are eminently agricultural and are obliged to remain so—consequently they are necessarily opposed to all those schemes of protection, National Banks, Internal Improve ments and the whole horde of devices by which the power of the government is to be used for tiie benefit of one section of the country at the ex pense of another.—So long, therefore, as this power stands upon an equal footing in Con gress, so long must those schemes he defeated. \Vc find therefore, that the first clamor on this subject was not on account of the moral evil or the national disgrace of slavery, hut on account of what they termed the unfairness and injus tice of slave representation in Congress.— It was an after thought to enlist sympathy for tiie suf ferings of the slaves, and to appeal to the feel, ings of disgrace on account of the existence of slavery. So long therefore, as they can feel that there is hope of accomplishing their great object of making us tributary and subservient to them, by the agitation of this question, and by en croachments upon our rights, they will not stop There is only one way to stop it, and that is by absolute, unqualified and unflinching resistance. The people of the South have vainly and fool ishly resorted for years to every other plan, and every year things get worse. If we intend to preserve ourselves, and pro tect our rights, we must in the first place leave otl the foolish and senseless prating about our love for the Union.—Why should we love the Union, if it is to be made the engine of wrong and oppression to us ? Why should we love the Union if we are no longer to be regarded as equals? Why should we love it, if it is to be the instrument by which we are to sutler the degradation and injury of having our rights wres ted from us? Under the present state of things, there would he just as much sense in hearing the starving and down-trodden peasantry of Ireland, shouting for their “glorious Union” with England, as there is in hearing Southern men talk about “our glorious Union.'’ Yet scarcely a man speaks or writes about the evils that surround, and the dangers that threaten us, but lie piefaces his remarks with a siring of non sense about his undying attachment,and his un alterable devotion to “our glorious Union,” and the utter impossibility of giving it up.—O no! that is a thing lie cannot think of. Yet in the same breath lie will toll you, “we must not, cannot, will not submit.” Well then, what will we do? Shall vve vote? They out-vote us.—Shall we petition, beg, re monstrate, rant and threaten ? Threaten what? Why that we will get into a passion and abuse them, and all the time toll them, that we cannot and will not, adopt the only remedy that is left us. No, no, we must adopt a different course, wo must teach them that if they are so contamina ted and disgraced by slavery, they need have nothing to do with it—that if they desire to ex ercise power, they must exercise it over them selves.—We must teach them to know that vve came into the Union for the protection of our rights, and that if we cannot protect them by it, we will try and protect them without it. Mr. Hit.LIARD very foolishly said the other day, that he “would not be driven to calculate the value of the Union.” Why not? Itisthe proper mode of estimating all human institu tions— they are formed for their value.—There is but one thing left for the South—yes, there are two—the one is to require of the North a full and entire recognition and acknowledgment of our rights, or to dissolve the Union—the other is to submit quietly to all their exactions and say nothing more about it. O’ It has been computed, says the Public Ledger, that the United States lias a frontier line of 10,~10 miles, a sea-const of 5,400 miles, a lake coast, of 1,160 miles. One of its rivers is twice as long as the Danube, the largest river in Europe. The Ohio is 600 miles longer than the Rhine, and the noble Hudson lias a naviga tion in the “ Empire State” one hundred and twenty miles longer than the Thames. Within Louisiana are bayous and creeks, almost un known, that would shame, by comparison, the Tiber or Seine. The State of Virginia is one third larger than England. The State of Ohio contains throe thousand square miles more than Scotland. The Harbor of New York receive the vessels that navigate rivers,canals and lakes to the extent of three thousand miles, equal to the distance from America to Europe. From the capital of Maine to the “ Crescent City” i s two hundred miles further than from London to Constantinople, a route thut would cross England, Belgium, a part of Prussia, Germany, Austria and Turkey. (npThe boiler in the machine shop of Mr. Taylor, exploded in New York on the 4th inst. killing about one hundred persons employed in the building. Goon —Mr Root’s Territorial Bill, in which was the Wiimot Proviso, was voted down in the 1 1 ouse of Representatives on the 4tii inst., by a considerable majority. Northern Kttlmate of Eouthrrn Character. “I was surprised last winterto bear a Northern Senator say, that in the town in which he lived, it would excite great astonishment if it were known that a Northern lady would, at the time of the meeting of the two Houses, walk up to the capital with a Southern Senator; that they had been taught to consider Southerners gene rally as being so coarse and ruffianly'in manner that a lady would not trust herself in such a presence.” This delectable picture of Southern civiliza tion as expressed in the appreciation of us by Northern people, is furnished by Mr. Clixgman, in It is recent speech in Congress. Some few years ago, when the Methodist Church divided upon the slavery question, we remember to have read an editorial comment upon this portentous event in the Charleston Mercury, in which this separation was called “ The first dissolution of thuUnion.” It was well and philosophically said. First because, if violence, injustice and factious intemperance could not be kept out of the church, what could we hope from the unsancti fied selfishness of worldly men. If the churrh under its holy sanctions, acting so powerfully and directly upon the social fabric, was acting perversely against that spirit of “ Peace on earth and good will to all men,” what right had we to look to the venal and profligate—for these mod erate and unselfish counsels which would stay the ruin that was tlircatened by the defection of the “good men and true.” We would have stultified ourselves by hoping for any such tiling. The well affected horror at our barbar ism which was so rife in the townofthis North ern Senator, is the language of the whole North. Not ofthe ignorant masses only, but ofthe elite—of the primest men and women in the land. This then, is the danger that leaves the sober minded, thinking man nothing to hope, or next thing to it. If sordid minded politicians were alone concerned, that very time serving of tiie same, and truckling to the majority, which made them sell their souls to the wicked cause, would, when they saw their thrift in it, soli themselves back again for the same reason. But not so with the multitude who are not accessi ble to these plastic influences, which might be exerted upon their minds by the justice of our cause. With the country- population at least, we have no doubt that hatred for the institution of slavery and hatred for those too , who sustain it, has bccomo a part of their religion. Who can reason with the chafed tiger, or the no less insensate bigot that sees, or that thinks he sees, the finger of God pointing the way. Tiie whole “head is sick and the heart is faint.” We have often thought that the isolation of the masses of population North from us, was a groat misfortune. Could the honestly deluded among that people see us as vve are, wc could hope that the force of truth would break down the miserable preju dices which venality and fanaticism had built up between them and ourselves. But as the social bias exists against us, no step however daring— no wrong however shameless—no curse however blighting upon us, that Northern politicians may meditate, but would find a second by the acclaim of thousands and tens of thousands of their constituents. Men in Congress, in all they do or say, are backed at home, and would be, were they to press matters as fur as the wicked old Nestor among abolition malcontents would have had them. Seeing this state of' things, South ern men must not stop at gentle measures. It will take the shock of an earthquake to wake the North, and let them have it. Let them see that if they wish to be united longer with us— after they shall have made amends for the past, and assured as for the future, vve will tolerate them, but make no further promises. That whenever they wish it, we can turn on our heels from them, and forget they ever existed. That barbarians as we are, our self-respect will not permit us tamely to submit to be jostled by men below us in every tiling but presumption, and in this quarrel, live or perish, we shed no more tears over this Union. If a division is forced on us we will ungrudgingly take our share, and with it live if wc can, and perish if me must. Decreasf. in the Size of Men. —ln the re cent number of the North British Review, the curious fact is stated, on the authority of the French statistician, Tapies, that the bight of the natives of France has decreased since the break ing out of the Resolution towards the close of the last century. The physical dcvelopement of the human race in France, says the Reviewer, whether from the effects of the conscription, or from those of the extreme and increasing division of the race, it is no longer what it was. This had been curiously remarked by travellers, but without any pretensions to accuracy ; it seems now, however, to be incontrovertibly true that the general bight has been diminishing gradually since 1790. Before the Revolution the slandered for the grenadiers was 5 feet 10 inches (English) under .the Republic 5 feet 9 inches, under the Empe ror 5 feet 8 inches, and at the present time, men of 5 feet 2 inches are admitted into the infantry of the line. It has been calculated, that even under the most favorable circumstances, it will still require two generations to enable the human species in France to become what it was in 1790. The English Language. —The English lan - guage is yet destined to be the universal lan guage It is now spoken by more people than any other ianguege, and is inceasing in range and extent two-fold faster than any other. It is now spoken by fifty-five millions, and the next to it is the Russian—forty-three millions, thir teen million less. In eighty years more it will be spoken hy three hundred millions, and our Republic will be the greatest on the face of the globe, provided we are true to ourselves and the principles of liberty, justice and equity. Needles. —These indispensable little things were first made in London by a negro from Spain, in the reign of Mary; lie dying without teaching the art, it was lost till 1566, when it was taught hy Elias Grorose, a German. In significant as this little instrument appears, there are but few commodities which in their manufacture require more skill, und provide labor for a greater nqmbor of artisans. The State Road. —The Ringgold Republi can ofthe 2d inst , states that the new and splen did Locomotive, the Toccoa, with a passenger and several box cars, made its first trip to Chat tanoogaon the 30th ult. The road has been re spiked and the depressions in the track, caused by the unprecedented bad weather, have been raised. Since this has been done every thing seems to glide along with rnurg ease and safety. The Messrs. Gray have, at this time, upon this portion of the work, an ample force ditching, filling up, and spiking down the track, and will soon have it finisned, if the weather should continue good. Memphis and Charleston Railroad.— The Cherokee Advocate states that a charter lias been obtained from tiie Legislature of Ala bama, for the purpose of connecting Memphis on the Mississippi, with the Nashville and Chat, tanooga Road or w ith the Western and Atlantic Road. A similar charter had been previously granted by Tennessee. The title is rather ex clusive, and the object somewhat contracted as announced in the act granting the charter for Ala bama, namely, “for the purpose of establishing a communication by Rail-Road between Mem phis, Tennessee, and Charleston, South Caro lina.’ We hope the work will be completed Thatit will result in wider and more enlarged benefits than announced above we cannot doubt. Blowing Up Wrecks bv Electricity.— The wreck of the Illinois steamer, near the wharf, at New Orleans, has been removed by blasting, using the galvanic battery. A tin cylinder, containing a large quantity of powder, was let down on tlieside of the bow, and drawn toward the other, until it was deemed far enough placed beneath the bottom of the wreck to pro duce, by its explosion, a powerful and imrr.edi ate effect. As the means before adopted to fire the powder, when thus placed, had proved in sufficient, the attention of the gentleman super intending the work, was drawn to the use that might be made of a galvanic battery, and wires attached, to effect the desired object. A battery of eighteen or twenty jars was brought to the spot, the cylinders with the wires from the bat tery being attached to it, filled and sent down, and soon, upon a slight gesture from the opera tor, the electric fluid darted down the metal, sped on its destructive errand, a dull heavy sound stunned the cars of those standing near, a volume of water, like a column, rose twenty feet in the air, and when it fell, the workmen sprang on the floating staging, the diving bell plunged into the foaming current, and in a short time all hands were busily engaged in hauiing up large pieces of the shattered wreck. (UP The Madison Family Visiter ofthe 2d inst., says: “Tho number of bales of cotton delivered at the depot in this place, up to the first of Feb. ruarv, 1849, was 10,800. Up to the same time in 1850, 15,000. The bales of this season arc heavier than those of last; most of them being square bales, weighing from 400 to 500 pounds. It is hut a few years since half the cotton crop of Georgia was packed in round bales, weighing from 300 to 400, which are counted in estimating the cotton crop against those of 400 or 500 made now.” O’ A series of resolutions were introduced in the New Jersey House of Delegates, on the 10th ult. instructing their Senators and Representa tives in Congresss to vote f.»r the application of the ordinance of 1767, generally known ns the YVilmot Proviso, to all territorial governments and to all States asking admission into the Union. Also, for the abolition of slavery in the District ofColunibia, and not for one moment be deterred from their duty by threats of disunion, the with drawal of members, or the solemn actions of the legislatures of Southern States. Texas. —The Select Committee to whom was referred to the joint resolutions on slavery, and that portion of the Governor's message on the same subject, have recommended the passage of these resolutions with some amendments adding to their force, and sustaining the views of the Governor to the fullest extent. They have re commended an additional resolution, making it the duty of the Governor to convene the Legis lature in the event of the passage hy Congress, oftheWilinot Proviso, or any kindred mea sure. The Fortunes of M. Lamartine. — A French journal gives some particulars of the estate re cently bestowed hy the Sultan on M. de Lamar tine. The domain lies in the immediate vicini ty of Smyrna, and is nearly as large as the Isle of Wight, being about fifty-four miles in circum ference. It has hitherto belonged only to the crown, as we should say in England. The soil is described as wonderfully fertile, like most of the land in the neighborhood of Smyrna, as be ing well planted with oranges and olives, and as eapab'e of every variety of cultivation. The chateau, built for the resident of an imperial of ficer, is commodious beyond the usual run of Turkish houses; and under the windows lies a fine lake of more than a mile across, which is described as weii stocked with fish. The estate includes five villages. M. de Lamartine, it is said, goes to Asia Minor in the soring, to take possession in person of his territorial gift. New Rotary Engine. —Mr. George Creavy, machinist, of this city, says the Scientific Ameri can, has invented an improved rotary engine, which is said to remove ail the decidedly good objections made against the other engines of the same class. It works on the expansion princi ple, and it takes in the steam at two opposite sides,and does not work tlic valves, as is com monly the case, by the pistons. M ACiiiNES for Repairing Roads.— Mr. N. Potter, of East Hamburg, Erie county, N. York, has invented a machine which removes heaps on the sides of ruts, and fills them up at the same time. It can also plough up high places or heaps on the road, and, by back moveable scrapers, the dirt can be directed to the middle or from the middle of the road. It is drawn like a wagon, and is otherwise very simple. Measures have been taken to secure a patent. Gold Bearing-Uu artz.— By a report of Hon. T. Butler King, it appears that gold-bett ing quartz is to be found in the inexhaustible masses or quarries, through the whole mountain, ous region, which forms the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, yielding from one to three dollars in gold for every pound of rock ! The Pacific News, of November 29, in referring t 0 this matter, says that specimens of this quartz are in the hands of Mr. Wright, member elect from California, who is on his way to Washing, ton, and who will make a report on the subject and adds:—“The samples ofthe rock which Mr. Wright has tested, have been taken from many different viens. In no sample tested has the yield been less than one dollar to the pound of quartz. The acerage yield of the different vein, has been, as determined by the sampels, from one dollar and a half, to two dollars to the pound of rock. A single fact will show the unheard of and astonishing character of the results which have been thus arrived at. Mr. YVright informs us that he has recently conversed with an intel ligent gentlemen, now in this country, who has been long conversant, in the capacity of an overseer, with mining operations, as carried on in the quartz veins of Georgia. From this source Mr. Wright learns that a fifteen horse steam power, working twelve stamps, will stamp B thousand bushels of quartz rock iu the day—each bushel of quartz weighing about eighty pounds. If ticenty-fvc cents worth of gold is yielded from each bushel of eighty pounds, the busines is con sidered a good one in Georgia. If the yield be fifty cents to the bushel, the profit is large. Now the yield of the rock which Mr. Wright has col lected and tested, instead of being a quarter ofa dollar, or a half a dollar to tiie seventy-fivo pounds, is, in one great vein, nearly three dollars to one pound ! Abate this, in view of possible or probable, mistake, or in view of tho superior yield of a single richer vein, to an average of two dollars, or of one dollar or of half a dollar to the pound, and the result still remains, in every point of view, almost equally unexampled and momentous." Citv of Boston.— On Monday last the Mayor of Boston communicated the Annual Message respecting the internal affairs ofthe city, from which it appears that it has a population of 140,- 000 souls ; that the assessed value of properly amounts.to sl74,ooo,ooo—the actual value not being short, probably, of .$200,000,000. There are 497 schools supported by the public, with 20,000 pupils, and on account of which $334,- 000 were paid during the past year for tuition and expenses. There are two thousand children at other schools. A Suggestion. —The New Orleans Bulletin, in commenting on the late disorganized stale of the House of Representatives, suggests, as an effectual gumd to the recurrence of such a slato of things, an amendment to the Constitution, providing that whenever either House shall not complete its organization within ten days after the legal day of meeting, that House should be ipso facto dissolved and new elections slialltak e place within thirty days throughout the Union. With such an amendment the organization would always take place in due season. Connection Between the Lakes anotiie Gulf of Mexico. —We have hitherto omitted to notice, says a New Orleans paper, the arrival of the schooner Diamond at this port, from Chi cago, Illinois. The Diamond is a snug-looking craft, of about two hundred tons. She left Chicago on the 25th of November, came through the Illinois Canal,thence totlie Mississippi,and descending the mighty river, arrived at this port several days ago. Coloring Green Tea— A correspondent of the Athenaeum, says : “ I took some trouble to ascertain precisely the quantity of coloring matter usea’ in the process of dyeing green teas; certainly not with the view of assisting others, either at home or abroad, in the art of coloring, but simply to show green tea drinkers in England—and more particularly in the United States of America— what quantity of gypsum and indigo they cat or drink in the course of a year. Tolljlbs.of tea were applied rather more than an ounce of matter. For every 100 lbs. of green tea which are consumed in England and America, the con sumer really cats more than half-a-pound of gypsum and indigo; and I have little doubt that in many instances Prussian blue is substituted 'or indigo. And yet, tell these green tea drink ers that the Chinese eat dogs, eats and rats, and they will hold up their heads in amazement, and pity the taste of the poor celestials. O’ The Mormons have fixed their boundaries for the new State of Deseret, as they have chosen to call it, so that it embraces about one half of the United States territory west of the Ri° Grande and the Rocky Mountains, giving then l an area of 435,000 square tnilcs Vast Plains of the Earth. —A writer in the Quarterly Review thus graphically enumerates, as the mighty plains of the earth, the great san dy deserts of Sahara, and the saline steppes of Asia, and the sterile and shingly plains of Pata gonia. To tiie.se he adds the Pampas, forming a bare horizontal surface of nearly one thousand miles from the Atlantic to the Andes ; —the Silj vas of the Amazons, a dense tropical forest,cov ering a level more than half as large as Europe ; —the Elunoa of the Orinoco, a plain of grass, twice as large ns France, and flat as the surface of the sea; —the vast proirics of North America, stretching westward from the Mississippi to the Rocky Mountains ; und the wide luxurant plains of Hindostnn. Amount of Coin in thf. World. — It is ef ’ 1 ’ mated that the whole amount of coin in the world at this time is 225,000,000 of uMlars, of which 380,000,000 is circulating, and 24 5,000,- 000 is in hank. As the earth’s population is set down at 800,000,000, each individual’s share of rain, if the whole were equally divided, would he 78 cents. Good. —An English paper says that n German writer observes, in a recent volume on the social condition of Great Britain— “ Tliero is such a scarcity of thieves in I ' , land, that they arc obliged to offer a reward »t their discovery.”