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SOUTHERN TRIBUNE. PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY Wn . B . II A KRISOX. WM. B HARRISON, 1 and > Editors. WM S. LAWTON, S [communicated.] An Error Corrected. DR THOLUCK AND INI VERSA LIS.M To the Editors of the Southern Tribune A Pamphlet is circulating in this coni muuity, containing the recent controversy between Dr. L. Pierce am! the Rev. C. F. R. SiiF.HANB. The latter gentleman, in commenting on the tbiiiy-sixth verse of the eleventh chapter of Romans : “For of Him, and through Him and to Him, area// things,” 6cc., remarks : “This is one of the passages upon which Tholuck, the great German ’1 heologian relies, fur his faith in Universulism.” (See pamphlet, pages 29 and 30.) The purport of this statement of Mr, Shehane, is, to strengthen his argument in favor of Umversalism, by quoting the opinion of Dr. Tholuck. In other words Mr. S. wishes to make it appear that Dr. T. is a Universalis/. Ido not know upon what authority this assertion is made. 1 cannot think that Mr. S. designed to misre present Dr. TANARUS„ and 1 am therefore inclin ed to believe, that he has heen misled by others. It is riot the first lime, tiiut Dr. T has heen accused of holding views in con sonance with the Univeisalists. Some few years since, he was so confident'}- claimed by the advocates of that theory, that some of his friends in this country, wrote to him on the subject. 1 need hard ly say, that his response was perfectly sa tisfactory. I have not his letter now, which was published in the Lutheran Ob server, at Baltimore, but I recollect dis tinctly his position as stated by himself. It was in substance as follows : “That al though there were a few passages in the New Testament that seem to favor Univer 6alism, and which might lead some to hpc that that system might he true, yet he re garded the general teachings and tenor of the Scriptures as adverse to that system.” With a view however, to place this matter beyond all doubt, I will embrace this op portunity to show what is Dr. Thoi.uck’s true doctrinal position. This I propose to do, by a few quotations from his own wri tings. To accomplish my design more effectually, I will take up several of the leading doctrines of Universalism, and see how they are sustained by Dr. T. 1. As to the reality and personality of the Devil. —Universalists deny the exis tence of the Devil, as that doctrine is generally received amongst Evangelical Christians. Dr. T. in commenting on John viii. 44 : “Ye are of your father the Devil, and the works of your father ye will do,” See., remarks : “He to whom you bear a spiritual kindredness is the source of all evil ; into his disposition you willingly enter—For the tet7 to do what he desires is sufficient to constitute a son of the Devil.’' * * * “An allusion to the first temptation of man by the Apostate is natural, since that act of the Devil, was the great and chief one, of which all others are merely the consequences.” * * * “Christ in a general way, calls lying the crime of the Devil ; but Satan’s propensi ty for lying appeared directly in the fall of man. In immediate reference to man’s fall, the Devil is called that old serpent.” * * “Your fleshly, arrogant disposition prevents you from understanding and re ceiving my doctrine—nay, you even per secute me on account of it. This proves your relationship with the fallen spirit ; your heart takes pleasure in entering into his desires. He was from the beginning appointed to destruction, and has always shown himself to be the enemy of holy truth. For Sat3n never generates aught save lies and sin.” So much for this point. It will be seen that Dr. T. believes in the existence of the Devil and attributes to his agency the fall of our first parents, and by consequence all the moral evils which exist in the world. 2. Universalists teach that the judgment threatened againit wicked men, is executed alone in this world —And quote in favor of their views, John ix. 39 : “For judg ment am I come into this world,” Sec. ; and John xii. 31 : “ Now is the judgment of this world,” Sec. I will quote Df. T’s exegesis of these passages, to show how widely different are his views from those of Universalists. In commenting on the fiist passage he re marks "This is an expression of the Re deemer pregnant with meaning. The whole history of the Gospel selves as a commentary upon it, Here, as in all ether eases, the external act of Christ shadows forth his spiritual agency ; as his divine eye universally sees the inward in the outward. He causes the blind man to see, first bodily, then spiritually. This, he adds is his great calling ; “to give sight to the blind” in all places ; but on the other hand, to make blind those who think they sec without him : and indeed, so far as they are awake to self-knowledge in their own eyes, so far as they persevere in their blindness, to increase and strengthen that blindness. Christ calls that the end ofliis mission, which was per accident, necessa iily connected with it, as in Matthew x. 3 J : “’1 liink not 1 am come to send peace on the earth; I came not to send peace, but a sword ;” and Matthew xi. 25 : “1 thank thee oh Father! Lord of heaven and earth, because thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent,” &c. The Redeemer calls this a divine tribunal; but as with all other divine tribunals, it is at the same time a self judgment. He who will not come to the light damns himself to darkness, and God gives him over to it.” From this it will lie seen, that in the opin ion of Dr. T. the judgment spoken of in this passage, means nothing more than the judicial blindness, to which all will he giv. en over, who wilfully reject the Saviour; or as Dr. T. expresses it in another place : “God gives them over to the judgment of hardness of heart.” Every divine judg ment is likewise a self judgment, in such wise however, that on the other hand eve ry self judgment is at the same time a judgment from God. When the increas ing hardness of man and his faithlessness to the truths he has received, diminishes bis susceptibility to religi' us impressions, and prevents him more and more from ap prehending the Deity, this is a judgment of Goil —or if you prefer the expression, “ a judgment of his moral government \ person thus hardened can no longer be lieve, fir this very reason, that at an earlier period, when he could have dune so he would not.”—Rum. viii. 7. In regard to the other passage, "Now is the judgment,” &c. he remarks, “What is the (krisis) judgment exercised over the world ? The ordinary fotce of the word is entirely adapted to the whole context here. When God judges wickedness ob jectively, his judgment is that of rrj ction ; lint the power of that which God objective ly rejects must also perish objectively in the world. For if the power of the king dom of evil is broken down by Christ’s redemption, then is the power of Satan also, who is the ruler over this kingdom, broken down with it,” &c. 3. Universalists deny a future state of punishment. — I)r. Tholuck, commenting on John hi. 15, says: “He who remains in the Redeemer, becomes a prey to destruction —he who believes in him, has eternal life. The Scriptures men tion two kingdoms; the one of life and 'tight Ihe other that of darkness and death.— The first, is where the life is from God ; the second, is where men continue in a selfish life. These kingdoms exist in the present order of things, but they extend also into futurity. The first kingdom forms a spiritual union with the invisible realm of unfallen spirits ; the other with that of the fallen ones. It is always necessary to remember, the complex character of these ideas, when John mentions the opposition between life, and death,” &c. But I need not to multiply quotations. It will thus appear, that in regard to three of the leading doctrines of Universal ism, the views of Dr. Tholuck and Mr. Shehane are totally at variance. In making this correction, I wish not to be understood as expressing any opinion in relation to the merits of the late contro versy between Dr. Pikkce and Mr. Sm:- hane, and I regret that a sense of duty to an absent brother, lias constrained me to say this much. Dr. Tholuck is a Minis ter of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, and Professor of Christian Theology at the University of Halle, in Prussia. Asa Biblical scholar he has no supeiior—his Commentaries are eagerly sought by Christian Ministers of all denominations, and there are few men whose opinions have more weight amongst Theologians both in Europe and America. Asa member and Minister of the same Church with l)i 1., I could not consent to see him misrepresented, how uninten tionally soever it may have been done, without endeavoring to exhibit his true views upon the questions at issue. Ami I sincerely hope, that whatever authority may heteal'tcr be sought, to strengthen the peculiar tenets of L niversalists, Dr. Tho luck s name will never again be quoted as one who advocates that system, b our obedient servant, P. A STROBEL Ga , . T u!v 16, ISoO. Wesleyan Female College. Asa Visiting Committee, at the late Annual Examination of the Wesleyan Female College, we beg leave to present the following REPORT: We take pleasure in expressing our high gratification, at the very handsome manner in which the different classes ac quitted themselves, in the various and thorough examinations to which they were subjected. We think we can safely assert that the classes generally would favorably compare, without regard to sex, with those of any College in the land. Their thorough instruction in Geometry, Trigonometry and Astronomy, was de monstrated before a large audience be yond a shadow of doubt. We were especially gratified with the graceful ease and adroitness, with which problems were solved, und explained upon the black board. We further remarked that the young la dies expresesd themselvvs, very in their own language, with great accuracy and promptness, in answer to questions in variably propounded with all possible fairness, and in such forms as to elicit a thorough exposition of the principles involved in the subjects. Nothing could be more manifest than that the young ladies were thrown upon t.ieir own re sources; and that all collusion between professor and pupil \\ as out if the question. The inference we draw is, that there is on the part of the Faculty not only sound scholarshipin theirrespect've departments, hut likewise great tact in communicating instruc ion. They do not (as is too fre quency the case) drill the memory at the expense of the judgment. We take it that their method is out and out analytical, l’bo favorable impression we hitherto en tertained of the high, claims of this institu tion upon the public generally,and upon the Church particularly, under whose foster ing care it has been founded and sustained, lias been greatly heightened by the ordeal of examination, which we have witnessed • and we can, in all good conscience, and with unshaken confidence, commend this nursery of science to all who desire to lurnish their daughters with a sound, thorough education . and that too, where attention to their morals is scrupulously given. W ith regard to the musical department, we are of the opinion that this institution is second to none in the Union. Profes sor Guttenberger, and his acc< mplished daughter are, not only amateurs in this interesting branch of the fine arts, but they also attest by their performances the ut most artistic skill, bes ; des the happy facul ty of imparting to their pupils a thorough knowledge of the science. These facts were beautifully and happily demonstrated by frequent interludes of rich and varied made, both vocal and instrumental during the examination exercises. \Ve hesitate not to say that in this department most thorough instruction has been imparted. The concert on Tuesday night, amid so much beauty and enchanting music, beg gars our humble powers of description. It vv as one of those scenes which could be felt, but not described. In conclusion your Committee feel assur ed that they are not alone in their high commendations of the performances on Commencement Day. Thefrequentplau dits of a crowded audience, made up of the elite of the city and surrounding coun •ry, together with many strangers from a distance, are corrohrating and satisfactory testimonials of the high order of intellect and classical taste evinced by tho eloquent themes, so beautiully read by the graduat ing class. Their subjects were happily chosen, their style easy, and their language chaste and rhetorical. It is true they are now no longer of the College, but written epistles of her usefulness. Having now her highest honors they will reflect the lustre they have acquired upon the respec tive cities of society to which they may at tach, and will also, be the best possible recommendations of their Alma Mater. All of which is most respectfully sub mitted. Dr. C. \\ ILLIAMS, Chairman, Georgetown, S. C. NATHAN BASS, Floyd Cos., Ga. T. I). LOW IIY, Twiggs Cos., Ga. J. W. HINTON, Griffin, Ga. W. It. BRANHAM, Macon, Ga. J. E. EY’ANS, Savannah, Ga. Lats. from Cuba. —The steamer Isabel anived at Charleston on the lltli inst, from Havana, which port she left on the Bth. 1 lie Cotoy prisoners have not yet been teleascd, and their fate still remains in doubt. The American Consul is not per mitted to hold any communication with them. In fact, his own safety is threaten ed by a lawless mob,and his house is guar ded from their violence by an armed force. Havana was healthy, and the weather favorable for the growing crosp. Sugar had slightly advanced. Business in coffee very limited. Chelera util! raging in the interior. Public .’tlccliiigr. The death of Zachary Taylor, P resi. dent of the United States, haviving been announced by Telegraph, the citizens of Macon and vicinity are respectfully invi. ted to meet at the Court House, at 5 o’clock, this evening, for the purpose of taking j suitable action in regard to the melanchc.ly dispensation of Providence, which has de prived the nation of its Chief Magistrate, and the country of a citizen who has shed undying lustre upon its arms. GEO. M. LOGAN, Mayor. Mayor's Ollice, July 11, ISSO. In obedience to the above call, the citi ::ens of Macon and vicinity, assembled at tue Couit House at so’clock, when oil motion of Washington Poe, Esq., His Honor, the Mayor, was called to the Chain and Dr. E. L. Strohecker appointed Sec* ret ary. On motion of the Hon. Eugenius A. Nisbet, the Chair appointed a committee consisting of E. A. Nisbet, Washington Poe, A. P. Powers, C. B. Cole, I.L. Har ris, andß. K. Hines, to repoit Resolutions suitable to the occasion. 1 be Committee, after consuHtion, re ported through their Chairman to follow ing preamble and resolutions, viz : But a few moths ago «e were called up oil to mourn the death of a Statesman, whom we had long delighted to honor— one of the loftiest in station, in talent, and in character, of whom the Republic could boast. Again does the samesad summons call us together, again lias the destroyer been among us, and bis hand lias fallen upon a victim whose exalted position could only he equalled by the talents which a durned it. The President of the United States, is no moi e. The Chief Magistrate of a pure and mighty people, has been suddenly called fiom the pinacla of earth’s fame and honor. His place is filled by am tlier, but his memory will live in the hearts of his countrymen. Well has he deserved his renown. In courage a hero, in character a patriot, incorruptible in hon esty, unswerving, in truth, devoted to his country, his life was a living example of the pure and lofy. That people for whom he had risked every danger—and gained every triumph, will never forget him. He lias succeeded to the heritage of im mortality, and while his spirit has depart ed from amongst us, his name will live torever on the tablet of America’s best be loved sons. His deah happening at this juncture gomes to the hearts of all with a tone of solemn warning. It bids us forget the struggle for selfish and sectional advance ment, and meeting around the grave of the departed hero, to bury the animosities which may soon be quenched in the daik ness of the tomb. Be it therefore Resolved, That we deep ly deplore the death of the late President of the United States Zachary Taylor, a soldier, to v\ hnm his country owes a debt of deep gratitude, and whose memory her Sons will never cease to chei i>h. He ohed, i hat in the loss of General Taylor the Republic has lost a son whose every action was devoted to her service, and whose eve y thought was for her wel ‘ate —one who hud mingled his name with hers in the glory of many a hard fought bailie field, and many an action of undy ing honor. His name and fame are identi fied with theirs, and they will go down to posterity together in the halo which sur rounds the fields or Pa'o Alto, Montery and Buena Vista. Resol,red, J hat the death of such a man, at such a time, is not without its purpose and its lesson. 11 teaches us the fast chang ing aspect of life ; the want of stability in things which engage us here, and urges upon us moderation in Council; and con ciliation an action —that it is wisest and best to cease the bitter strife—the selfish struggles which are carried on upon the threshold of the grave. Resolved, That we sincerely tender out deep sympathy to the family of General Taylor. Their loss we feel is irreparable, yet may it be a consolation to know, that with their tears, are mingled those of a sorrowing nation. Resolved, That a Committee of Thir teen be appointed by the Chairman of the Meeting, to make arrangements for the delivery of an Eulogium, upon our illus trious fellow citizen, at such time as may he best adapted for that purpose. And that they be, and are hereby requested, to invite the people of the adjoining counties to attend and patticipate in the exercises of that occasion. Resolved, That the Secretary of this meeting be requested to forward a copy of its proceedings to the family ofGeneral Taylor, and to each of the papers of the city for publication. Judge Nisbet prefaced the report with some appropriate and touching remarks, after which the preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted. The Chair then appointed the following gentlemen as the Committee of Arrange ments, viz : Washington Poe, R. K. II ines, J. H. It. Washington, A.P. P iwers, J. J. Gresham, Geo. \V. Fish. W.K. De Graf fenreid, Thaddeus G. Holt, Simri Rose, James A. Nisbet, Carlton B. Cole, James Dean and James M. Green. On motion the meeting adjourned. GEO. M. LOGAN, Cltait man, J E. L Etrohecker, Secretary. From the Seientifc American. Piiuik Roads. Their Construction. — In the most gene rally approved system,two parallel rows of small sticks of timber (called differently sleepers, stringers/ir sills) are imbedded in the read, 3 or 4 feet apart. Plank eight feet long and three inches thick, are laid upon those sticks across them, at right angles to their direction. A side track of earth, to turn out upon is carefully grad ed. Deep ditches are dug on eacli side, to insure perfect drainage; and thus is formed a plank road. Laying them out. —ln layingout a plank road, it is iudispensible, in order to secure all the benefits which can he derived from it, to avoid or cut down all steep ascents. Avery short rise or even considerable steepness may, however, be allowed to re main, to save expense ; since a horse can, fur a short time, put forth extra exertion to overcome such an increased resistrnce ; and the danger of slipping is avoided by descending upon the earthern track. A double plank track will rarely be tic cessury. No one without experience in the mat ter can credit the amount of travel which which one such track can accommodate. Over a single track near Syracuse, 161.000 passed in two years, avaraging 220 teams per day, and during three day 720 passed daily. The earthen turn-out track must, however, he kept in good order ; and ihis is easy, if it slope off properly to the ditch, for it is not cut with any contiuu us length wise ruts, hut is only passed over by the wheels of the wagons which turn off from the track and return to it. They thus move in curves, which would very rarely exactly hit each other, and this travel, being over the earth, tends to keep it in shape rather than to disturb it. Covering. — Tne planks having been properly laid, as has been directed, sheuld be covered over an inch in thickness with very fine gravel or pebbles, from which all the stones or pebbles are to be raked, so as to leave nothing upon the surface of the road that could be faced into and in jure the fibres of the planks. The grit of the sand soon pene rstes into the grain of the wood and combines with the fibres and the dropping upon the road taform a hard and toughcovering like felt, which greatly portects wood from the wheels and horses’ shoes. Sawdust and tan bark have also been used. The road is now ready for use. Laying. —The planks should be laid di rectly across the road, at right angles, or •‘square,” to its line. The ends of the planks are not laid evenly to a line,hut pro ject three ot four inches on each side al ternately, so as to prevent a rut from be ing formed by the side of the plank track, and make it easier for loaded wag nns to get upon it, as the wheels, instead of scraping along tlie ends of the planks when coming towards the track obliquely after turning on, will, on coming square a gatnst the edge of one of those projecting planks, rise directly upon it. On the Canada roads every three planks project three inches on eacli side of the road al ternately. Durabiln'y. A plank road requires a renewal, either because it has worn out at top by the travel upon it, or because i; has been destroyed at the bottom by rot. But, if the road have traved enough to make it profitable to its builders, it w ill wear out first, and if it does, it will have earned abundantly enough to replace it twice over, we shall see presently. The liability to deeay is therefore a secondary consideration on roads of importance. Decay —As to natural decay, no hem pek road has been in use long enough to determine how long plank can he preserved from rot. Seven years is per haps a fair average. Different species of hemlock vary greatly, and upland timber is always more durable than from law and wet localities. The pine roads in Canada generally last about eight years, varying fron seven to twelve. The original Toron to road was used chiefly by teams hauling steamboat wood, and at the end of six years began to break through in places, and riot being repaired, was principally gone at the end of ten years. Having been poorly built, badly drained,not sanded and no care bestowed upon it indicates the minimum of durability. Oak plank cross walks are in Detroit, the plank being laid flat as on those of pine. It is believed that oak plank well laid, would last at least twelve or fifteen years. One set of sleep ers will outlast two plankings. Several Canada roads have been telaid upon tho old sleepers thus much lessoning the cost of renewal Correspondence of the Charleston Courier. Washington, July 13. This is the day fixed for the funeral ob sequties of the late President TAYLOR Ten days ago, he was perplexed with present cares and anticipating a tempo -1 ary relief from them upon the adjourn rnent of Congress. Ten days ago, he author, ized a message to Congress on important subjects, and accepted an invitation to an agricultural fair ; now toiling bells and minute guns announce the preparations t r his funeral. The city will b e very f u || of people. Many arrived here yesterday from the North and the cars are'bringing them in rapidly successive trains. The°bo° dv was, yesterday, laid out in stale in the east room, and was visited by a lame c n course of people. The features were as natural as in life. The slight contraction of die brow, which was usual with him was still marked. Gen. Taylor was born in 1784, and was therefore two years younger than Mr. Calhoun and Mr Webster, aud eight years younger than Mr. Clay now is. Gen. Washington between whose pursuits and habits of |jf e ’ and those of Gen. Taylor, there is much similarity, died at sixty-eight, two years older than Gen. Taylor. Gen Harrison, who had led also a military and agricultu ral life, varied by civil employments,died in his sixty eighth. General Taylor bad hardly passed the period of the grand cli macteric, in all countries, and especially in this. Few safely pass it; but Gen. Tai lor was of so good a constitution, and had lived so temperately, that he might have gone on, but for the confinement and care of his new du ies. Gen. Taylor wrote a message to Con gress, which was finished and c< pied by some hand, in the early part of last week, upon several important topics. Had it been communicated, it would have caused a profound sensation. It urged his views as to the adjustment of the territorial ques tion— and the immediate admission of Cal ifornia. It importuned Congress to pro vide the necessary supplies for the govern ment. It declared his detrminutinniosup. port the present state of ihings in New Mexico, against the pretensions of Texas. The message, as 1 have learned, lies in the State Department. That the new ad ministration will carry out such a policy in every particular, is not he supposed.— Mr Fillmore cannot take so bold a tone. He will be obliged to conciliate and even temporize. He will rely en the pas-agel of tiie Senate adjustment bill, if pass itl ever sh.-uld, to settle the New Mexican! dispute. j The Remains of Gen. Taylor Thcl Washington correspondent of the PliiiaJ delphia Bulletin says : I “The body of die President will rel main in the vault heio until next wee J when it w ill he conveyed to Baton Rnuciß Louisiana. If no vote is obtained upoil the Compromise bill until that period, isl will be postponed until the after the Cnml mittee’s return—some time in AugiwH Mrs. Taylor and family will vacate iLA W hite House almost immediately. TANARUS; jB will reside with Senator Davis of MisH sissippi, for a few weeks, or go with Cdl onel Taylor to Baltimore.” I The same letter says : u 1 understand,since penning iliat Mrs. Taylor has heen seized illness, and tlialslie is loss of her husband. The sympathiM <>f the city are with her, and as an "('this affectionate regard, a committee■■ ladies have presented themselves at iI)H W Lite House to condole with the tinfo iB nate. May they succeed in soothing tfl he-eaved.” MAC 0 N , GA-’ S A'IT'D KAY AFTERNOON, JIT. VO Oj’M’c nre indebted to lhe Hon. .1. M Jjtj son .md J 1,. Oidi, for copies of the able sp«l of Mr. Soule, on his substitute for lhe Califonl bill, delivered in the Senate oil the 24thult. I The Mass Meeting —We see that then position to hold a Mass Meeting of the Fricifl of Southern Rights in this city, on (lie 2-d ■ of August next, meets with decided favor fl the Columbus Times, Augusta Republic m Constitutionalist,and in several other tho State. The latter paper suggests A-B as a suitable place—we think Madison p>< H hie, but are not particular as to time or p' 3 ■ Km we do wish lo know if die Meeting iv.'.lß hidden, and if so, where and when ? prefer Macon, because we can here “ fartß music and wheel into line." We hope pie will determine this matter for thenisf'M and let us know the result at this point l; B diatoly or sooner.” Let tiio press speak C the subject without delay. I Wesley an Female College.—M c f J brief notice of this lustitU'ion last week, . which we regrtto learn, Professors J-R and (J. W. Hancock, have been comp f!,l j resign their offices, in consequence They will carry with them, wherever 1 J tho host wishes of many friends heie j future prosperity and happiness. P /I L. Smith, of Emory, will hereafter ocr u ’ I chair of Moral and Intellectual I’hrlo.-ep* l - 1 Prof. Geo. W. W. Stone, of Cokesburr,“| that of Natural Science. Roth of the jo ’B men aro graduate* of Einory CtA- B and aro eminently qualified to fib Ilf B stations with honor lo themselves am the Institution. M iss Octavia J o,,ts ’ dictorian, of tho Commencement, " ■ tained as an instructress in the Col Tho Report of the Board of G 3 J late Examination, will be foun fl column. I O-Mr. Remington ha* contract** B bridge across the Ashley rivor at B fiirteen hundred Petit span M