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%eYuponf in the land of tnSl'r forefathers,
which has fotijnetly been done to the honor
rtf Washington/ .IbfHsrsok and others,-
they are nbw gravely told that their case ip
hopeless, whilst they retain their present
relation to the States,” We have always
thought that we were related to the Gene
ral Government, and not to the states; and
let it be remembered that our relation with
ihe United States has been one of the most
*PffiJS#nt causes in bringing-to pass the im
provement amongst us, which Col. M’Ki
ney, in the above extract, has puhlidy/-
knowledged. To shew the policy wh
the General Government formerly eiittfloy-
ed towards the Indians, and the interest
she took in their welfare, we present to our
readers th following speech of Thomas
Jefferson, one of the PresidpidStof the Uni
ted States, delivered Jan, 0, 'JeOft, to a de
putation of the upper ToWns. We give
the speech,entire, so thatmiere may not be
any imputation of. favoring ourselves.—
We heg that the same ki.id spirit which
this speech breathes, rfiay be extended to
us and to our children.
lives will decide on this or
r mode as may best suit you.
these things, my children,
consideration of the Upper
of your nation, to be decided
think best, and I sincerely
ou'may succeed in vour lauda-
ideavors to save the remains of
nation, by adopting industrious
occupations and a government of re
gular law. In this you may always
rely on the council and assistance of
the government of the United States.
Deliver these words to your people
in my name, and assure them of my
friendship.
Til: JEFFERSON.
January 9th, 1809.
those who wish well Ui the Indiaifraee, will j senled. These views we do not wish to
keep out ofviowallthe failings and defi-! conceal, but are willing that the public,
cienccs of the Editor, and give a prompt 1 should know what we think of this policy,
support to the first paper ever published in which, in our opinion, if carried into effect,
an Indian country, and under the direction . will prove pernicious to us. ,
of someibf the rcipnants of those, wild by the j We have been asked which side of the
most mysterious course of providence, have Presidential question we should take. Our
dwindled into oblivion. To prevent us answer is, we think best to take a neutral
My Children} Deputies of the Cherokee
Upper Ttfons,
I have maturely considered the
speeches you have delivered me, and
will now give you answers to the seve
ral matters they contain.
You inform me o£your anxious de
sires to engage in the industrious pur
suits of agriculture and civilized life;
that finding it impracticable to induce
the nation at large to join in this, you
wish a line of separation to he estab
lished between the upper and lower
to’yns so as to include all the waters
of the Ulwassee in your pari; and that
hav ng t. i s contracted yovr society
within narrower .units, you propose,
within th'se to begin the establish
ment of fixed laws and of regular go-
Ve.mncnt. You say that the lower
towns are satisfied with the division
you propose, and on these several mat
ters you ask my advice and aid.
With respect to the line of division
between yourselves and the lower
towns, it most rest on the joint consent
of both parties. The one you propose
appears moderate, reasonable and
well defined; we are willing to recog
nize those on each side of that line as
distinct, societies and if our aid should
be necessary to mark it more plainly
that nature lias done, you shall have it.
I think with vou that orr this reduced
scale, it will be more easy for you to
introduce the regular administration of
laws. y
Jn proceeding to the establishment
©flaws, you Wish to, adopt them from
ours, and such only for the present
as suit your present condition; chiefly
■ indeed those for the punishment of
crimes and flhe protection of property.
But who is to determine which of out
laws suit yApfir condition, and shall be
in force wi$b you? All of you being
equally free no one has a right to say
what shall be law for the others.—
Our way is to put these questions to
the v.ote, and to consider that as law
for which, the majority votes—the fool
fogs as great a right to express his o-
pinionoy vote as the wise, because he
is equally free, and equally master of
himself. But as it would be inconve
nient,foy^ll your men to meet in one
place, wptild it not be better for every
town to d* as we do that is to say:
' Choose by the vo^e of the majority of
the town 4nd of the country people
nearer to that than to any other town,
one, t' v0 ’JLTfc or more, according to
the size of ffe town, of those whom
each voter'tljiiiks the wisest and hon-
estest men of their place, and let these
meet together and agree which of our
laws phit them:; AjBut these men know-
nothing of our laws. - How then can
they know which^o adopt? Let them
associate in their jWmncil our beloved
man living with theft. Col. Meigs, and
e will tell them a
ny point they desi
hem also of our
front the like destiny, is ceita nlv a lauda
ble undertaking, which the Christian, the
Patriot, and the Philanthropist will not he
ashamed to aid. Many are now engaged,
stand, and we know that such a course is
most prudent, as we have no vote on the
question, and aHhough we have our indi
vidual choice, yet it would be folly for us to
by various means and with various success,, spend word, an d time on a subject, which
in attempting to rescue, not only us, but has engrossed very much, the attention of
all our kindred tribes, from the impending I the public alreadv
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our law is on
He will inform
ods of doing bu
ns to preserve
vote of every
s council enn
o every hend
arcel of land,
uilt upon and
NEW ECU OTA.
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 182S.
iiiness in our counci
arder, and obtain
lemher fairly,
take a lat^ for givi
)f a family a separate
irhich, when lie ha
|mprpved it, shall belong to liim and
)is descendants fojse&er, and which
:ie nation itself shaR have no right to
ill from under i^afcet. They will
termine too, .^■rpunishmeiit shall
i inflicted forJjlflB-y crime. In our
punish murder
other crimes by
prison.
opted laws,
Perhaps,
y town
horhond
tached to it, to select some jof their
est men, by a majority of its vjjbters,
h i be judges in all differences, and to
^ (ecute the law according to their
m v^i judgment. Your count il of re-
blyUy
[olitary con
When you s 1
rho are to execu
f. mav he best to pe
rid the settlers in its
TO THE PTTBTjn.
Wp arc happy in being ahl**, at length,
to issue the first number of our paper, al
though after a longer delay than we antic'-
pated. This delay has been owing to una
voidable circumstances, which, we think,
will he sufficient to acquit us, and 1 hough
our readers and patrons may be wearied in
the expectation of gratifying their eyes on
this paper of no ordinary novelty, yet we
hopp their palience will not he so exhaust
ed, but that they will give it a calm perusal,
and pass upon it a candid judgment. It
is far from our expectation th.it it will meet
with entire and universal approbation, par.
ticnlarly from those who consider learning
and scpncp necessary to the merits of news
papers.' Such must, not expect to he grati
fied here, for the merits, (if meritsthey can
be called,) on which our paper is expect*
ed td exist, are not alike with those which
keep alive the political and religious papers
of the dav. We bv no claim to extensive
information; and we sihcereiv hope, tins
public, disclosure will save us from the se
vere criticisms, to which our ignorance of
many thing®, will frequently expose us, in
the future course of our editorial labors,—
danger which has been so fatal to our fore
fathers; and we are happy to.be in a situa
tion to tender them our public acknowledg
ments for their unwearied efforts. Our
present undertaking is intended to he noth
ing more than a feeble auxiliary to these
efforts. Those therefore, who are engag
ed for the good of the Indians of every tribe,
and who pray that salvation, peace, and
the comforts of civilized life may he exten
ded to every Iudian fire side on this conti
nent, will consider us as co-workers togeth
er in their benevolent labors. To them
we make our appeal for patronage, and
pledge ourselves to encourage and assist
them, in whatever appears to be for the
benefit of the Aborigines.
In the commencement of our labours, it
is due to our readers that we should ac
quaint them with the general principles,
which we have prescribed to ourselves as
rules in conducting this paper. Th"se prin
ciples we shall accordingly state briefly. It
may, however, be proper to observe that the
establishment which has been lately pur
chased, principally with thecharit'esofour
white brethren, is the property of the Na
tion, and that the paper, which is now ofl
fered the to the public, is patronized by, and
under the direction of, the Cherokee Legis-
'ature, as will be seen in the Prospectus
already before the public. As servants
we are bound to that body, from winch,
however, we have not received anv instruc
tions, but are left at liberty to form such
regulations for our conduct as will appear
to us most conducive to the interests of the
people, for whose benefit, this paper has
been established.
As the Phoenix is a national paper, we
shall feel ourselves bound to devote it to
national purposes. “The laws and public
documents of the Nation,” and matters re
lating tp the welfare and condition of the
Cherokees as a people, will he faithfully
published in English and Cherokee.
As the liberty of the press is so essential
to the improvement of the mind, we shall
consider our paper, & free paper, with, how
ever, proper and usual restrictions. We
shall reserve to ourselves the liberty of re
jecting such communications as tend to evil
and such as are too imf mperate and too per
sonal. But the columns of this paper shall
always be open to free and temperate dis
cussions on matters of politics, religion, See.
We shall avoid as much as passible, con
troversy on disputed doctrinal points in
religion. Though we have our particular
belief on this important subject, and perhajis
are as strenuous upon it, as some of our bre
thren .>i a different faith, j'et we conscien
tiously think, & in this thought we are sup
ported by men of judgment that it would
be injudicious, perhaps highly pernicious,
to introduce to this people, the various mi
nor differences of Christians. Our object
is not sectarian; and if we had a wish t 0
support, in our paper, the denomination
with which wc have the honor and privilege
ol being connected, yet we know' our in
competency for the task.
We will not unnecessarily intermeddle
with the politics and affairs of our neighbors
As we have no particular interest in the
concerns of the surrounding states, we shall
only expose ourselves to comtempt and ridi
cule by improper intrusion. And though
at times, we should do ourselves injustice,
to be silent, on matters of great interest to
the Cherokees, yet we will not return rail
ing for railing, hut consult mildness, for
we have been taught to believe, that “ A
soft answer turnrth away wrath; but griev
ous words stir up anger.” The unpleasant
controversy existing with the state of Geor
gia, of which many of our readers are a-
ware, will frequently make our situation
trying, by having hard sayings and threat-
enings thrown out against us, a specimen of
which will he, found in our next. We pray
God that we maybe delivered from such
spirit.
In regard to the controversy with Geor
gia, and the present policy of the General
Government, in removing, and concentrat
ing the Indians, out of the limits of any
state, which, by the way, appears to be
gaining strength, we will invariably and
In tine, we shall pay a sacred regard to
truth, and avoid, as much as possible, that
partiality'to which we shall lie exposed,—•
In rdating facts of a local nature, whether
political, moral, or religious, we shall take
care that exaggeration shall not he our
crime. We shall also feel ourselves hound
to correct all mistatements, relating to the
present condition of the Cherokees.
How far we shall he successful in advanc
ing the improvement of our people, is not
now for us to decide. Wp hope, however,
our efforts will not lie altogether in vain.—
Now is the moment when mere speculation
on the practicability' of civilizing uy is out of
the question. Sufficient and repeated evi.
dence has been given, that Indians can he
reclaimed from a savage state, and that with
proper advantages, they arc as capable of
improvement in mind as any other people;
and let it he remembered, notwithstanding
the assertions of those who talk to the con
trary, that (his improvement can he made,
not only by the Cherokees, but by all th<
Indian®, in their present locations. W<
are rendered bold in making this an.'-rCAn,
by considering the history of our people
within the last fifteen years. 'Tlv' - was a
time within our remembrance, w!-~r dark
ness was sadly prevalent, and ig» m «e a-
bounded amongst us--when ®tron,t ' od dp .:
rooted prejudices were directed .isf 5j i-
n.v tilings relating to civilized -a.id
when it was thought a. disgrace, ft"' a Cher
okee to appear in the costume of a white
man. We mention these things not by
way of boasting, but to shew to our readers
lliaf it is not a visionary idling to attempt to
civilize and christianize all the Indians, but
highly practicable.
It is necessaVy for our white patrons to
know that this paper is not intended to be
a source of profit, and that its continu
ance must depend, in a gr°at measure, on
the liberal support which they may be
pleased to grant u«. Though our object
is not gain, yet we wish as much patronage,'
as will enable us to support the establish
ment without subjecting it to pecuniary
difficulties. Those of our friends, who
have done so much already for us by in
structing us in the arts of civilized life, and
enabling us to enjoy' the blessings of educa
tion, and the comforts of religion, and to
whose exertions may be attributed the pre
sent means of improvement in this Nation,
will not think it a hard matter that their aid
should now be respectfully requested. In
order that our paper may have an extensive
circulation in this Nat ion and out of it, we
have fixed upon the most liberal terms
possible; such, in our opinion, as will ren
der it as cheap as most of the Southern pa
pers; and in order that our subscribers may
be prompt in their remittances, we have
made considerable difference between the
first and the last payments. Those who
have any experience in the management of
periodicals will be sensible how important
it is, that the payments of subscribers should
be prompt and regular, particularly where
the existence of a paper depends upon its
own income. We sincerely hope that we
shall never have any occasion to complaii^
of the delinquency of any of our patrons.
We would now commit our feeble efforts
to the good will and indulgence of the pub
lic, praying that God will attend them with
his blessings, and hoping for that happy pe.
riod, when all the Indian tribes of America
shall arise, Phccnix like, from their ashes
and when the terms, “Indian depredation,”
“war whoop,” “scalping knife” and the
like, shall become obsolete, and for ever be
“buried deep under ground.”
TAowy sBitfo-B,
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I.et the public but consider our motives, i faithfully state the feelings of the majoritv
and the design of this paper, which is, the j °f 0'tr pertple. . Our views, as a people, on
benefit of the Cherokees, and we are sure, j this subject, have been most sadly misrepre-
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The failure of the 2 last mails, by the
late freshets, has rendered our present
number destitute of intelligence. We,
AA'ould also state to our readers in this
Nation, that our receipts of Washing
ton papers have been so irregular, that
Ave are not able to present to them
Avhat is doing in Congress in regard to
affairs of Indians.
W. has our thanks for his communi
cation on the Cherokee Alphabet.—
We hope to he favored from another
source with an account of the invention
of this singular Alphabet. We Avould
recommend to W. to^eontinue his cor
respondence on the Cherokee Lan
guage.
NOTICE.
A LT, persons are forwarned against tra
ding for a Note of hand, drawn hy
John Martin, in favor of John M’Carver,
and Monce Gore of East Tennessee, for
three hundred and fifty Dollars; payable
on the first d»3' of March next, dated Jan
uary l®t lff'-M.
As the Consideration for which said note
Ava« given, has proved to he unsound, I ana
determined not to pay unless compelled hr
law.
JOHN MARTIN.
Neio Echoto, Ftb. »I, 1898.—-1-8*
