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' , '9j’' ,, i S'* '* i- ■ CORRESPONDENCE, Between Gens. Gray, Davidson and Cocke, /«/e Commissioners of the li mited Stutes, and Messrs. John Ross and Ridge, on the port 0/ the Chero- keejs'ation. Cherokee Agency, August 27, 1827. Sir:—Generals Gray and Davidson of North Carolina, and Gen. Cocke of Tennessee, are at this place under in structions from the President of the United States to hold a Conference with the Cherokee Indians, on several subjects which are of interest to the Indians as well as the United States. They have written circular letters and sent messengers to all the differ ent parts of the Cherokee Country, in viting the attendance of the Head men, 3 Chiefs and Warriors, at the Cherokee Agency, on the iStli Sep tember next. I have thought it my duty to ask your attention to this call on the Che- rokees, and have enclosed you a copj of their circular, and have to request that you and all the members of the National Committee and Council will attend, and hear their Communi cations, and give them your deliberate, serious, and impartial consideration. I am Sir, with sentiments of re spect and esteem your ob’t. servant. H. MONTGOMERY. John Ross, President of the Na tional Committee, Cherokee Nation. will therefore please to hand them the enclosed reply to their circular address. I am Sir, very respectfully your obedient Servant, JNO. ROSS. To Generals, Gray, Cocke and Davidson. Gentlemen:—We have seen some of your circular addresses, which are distributed tin o’ tbe country by your messengers, to the Chieis, Headmen To the Chiefs, Headmen & War riors of the Cherokee Nation. Brothers:—Our father the Pres ident of the United States has ap pointed the undersigned, and directed them to hold Councils with you the present summer. To fulfil his desire we are now at the Agency, the place appointed by your request to transact all business, and receive communica tions from the Government of the U- fiited Stntes. • We invite your attendance at your Agency on the’ 18th day of September 1827, when we will fully explain in Gen. Council, the views of the Gov ernment on subjects calculated to pro mote your interest, and happiness, and the welfare of tbe citizens of the Uni ted States. We are vour friends and Brothers, ALEXANDER GRAY, JOHN COCKE, GEO. L. DAVIDSON. Cherokee Agency, Aug. 23, 1823. Head of Coosa, Cherokee Nation, September 15, 1827. Sir:—On my return home from Chickamauga Court, I received your letter of the 27th of August last, in forming me that Generals Gray and Davidson of North Carolina, and Gen. Cocke of Tennessee, were at the Agen cy, under instructions from the Pre sident of the United States to hold a conference with the Cherokee Indians, on several subjects of interest to the Indians, as well as to the U. States; and that they had written Circular letters, and sent messengers to all the •different parts of the Cherokee coun try. inviting the attendance of the ■Chiefs, Head men and Warriors, at the Cherokee Agency, on the 18th day «f this month; and that you thought it your duty to ask my attention to this call on the Cherokees, and therefore enclosed me a copy of their circulars; and further, to request me and all the members of the National Com mittee and Council to attend and hear their communications, and give them our deliberate, serious and impartial consideration. and Warriors of the Cherokee rJation, informing them that you are appoint ed by tbe President of the United States to bold Councils with them during the summer, and inviting their attendance at the Agency on the 18th day of this month, in older that you may fully explain in General Council the* views of the Government on sub jects calculated to promote their in terest and happiness, and the welfare of the citizens of the United States. We consider it our duty in behalf of the Nation to inform you, that this sudden and unexpected general invita tion which you have thought proper to make for a General Council, by ap pointing a place and time without con sulting the convenience of the mem bers of Committee and Council on the occasion, cannot be accepted tinder the great inconvenience and expense which would attend the nation on such a meeting previous to the second Monday in October next, the time fix ed on for the annual meeting of the General Council of the Nation, at New Ecliota the scat of Government for the Cherokee Nation. We would therefore respectfully invite your at tendance at New Ecliota on the 8th day of October next, or at any time during the session of the General Council, when the representatives of the nation would give you the right hand of friendship, and be prepared to receive communications from you on all subjects entrusted by the Presi dent to your mission, and to give them that candid consideration which their importance may deserve. We would further assure you that the proper au thorities of this nation are ever dis posed to receive all the Public Agents of the Government with that respect and attention due to their characters, and in a manner to comport with j Brotherly kindness. With great respect, we are your friends ami Brothers, JNO. ROSS, • his MAJOR* RIDGE, mark Cherokee Nation, Sept. 15th 1827 [To be Continued.] INDIAN EMIGRATION. Mr. Woods Speech, The House being in Committee of the Whole on the bill making appro priations for the Indian Department to which bill Mr. McDuffie had, on the previous day, moved the following amendment: “For enabling the President of the United States fo extinguish the title of the Cherokee Indians to any lands in the State of Georgia, when it can be done upon “peaceable and reason able terms,” anu for aiding the said Cherokees, and such other Indians as may be so disposed to emigrate' to pla ces West of the Mississippi, $50,000.’ And the question immediately be fore the Committee being on a motion of Mr. Woods, of Ohio, to amend Mr. McDuffie’s amendment, by striking out from it these words: “And for aid ing the said Cherokees, and such oth- In reply, I have to state, that I have I er Indians as may be so disposed, to " , - <,Ai l i-n.. emigrate to places West of the Mis- * eonfered with some of the most influ ential members of Committee and Council on the subject, & it is deemed by them tobe inexpedient & impractic able to convene the Gen. Council of the nation at the place and time invited; and the heavy expenses, which have been ibcured by the call session and •the Convention in the course of the Summer, forbids the expediency of convening the General Council again, ? irevious to the second Monday of Oc- ober next, the- time fixed on for the annual sessions atNewEchota. You 'Will therefore discover the uselessness of urging the call on the present oc casion, contrary to the convenience of the Nation. But should Generals Gray, Davidson and Cocke, attend at New Ecliota on the 8th of O tober next, or at any time during the ses sion of the General Council, tHte mem bers would receive them with that tesoect and friendship which their commission and characters merit, and their communications- would re- „deive a candid consideration. You sissippi. — Mr. Woods, of Ohio, rose and said, that, having submitted the motion now before the Committee, he deemed it proper to present, for their considera tion, the reasons which had induced him to offer the amendment. I did not bring this question before the Com mittee, [said Mr. W.] It was brought forward by the honorable chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means, sanctioned by the recom mendation of the Committee on Indian Affairs. I did expect some notice, be fore this subject would have been ta ken up; and that, on the hill report ed by the Committee on Indian Affairs, and now among the orders of the day, this question, in all its relations, would have been fully considered. Such is not, however, the course adopted by that Committee. I have always thought, the ordinary appropriation bills should riot be em barrassed by any new measures.— They should be confined to objects of appropriation required by existing laws. This bill, without the amend ment proposed by the gentleman from South Carolina, [Mr. McDuffie] is similar to the one making appropria tions for the Indian Department, which has, for several years, been regularly passed. I may ask, Sir, why we should, in this case, depart from the usual mode of proceeding, and now bring forward tkis proposition, discon- j nected from the most important, parts of tbe originat 'measure? I do not complain or find fault with gentlemen for the course they have taken. I am ready to meet tbe question, by my ote, its promptly, now, as at any 0- ther time. Indeed I am glad, Mr. Chairman, that this measure is thus brought forward; and that it stands before us in its proper form and na kedness. stripped of the pretence of disinterested humanity, which has been thrown around it. It is now presented in its true character, as a measure not for the benefit of the In dians—not for their civilization and preservation—but for our interest, and only our interest. This appropria tion is asjcetl, as the means/to effect measures for the removal'of the In dians out of the limits of our States and Territories, that they may, by our aid, trail their bodies into the wilder ness, and die where our delicacy and our senses may not be offended by their unburied carcasses. What was the proposition recom mended by our late Executive Magis trate? It teas for the establishment of a Terri orial Government over the Indians, fo - their preservat ion and ci- vilization4-for their benefit, and not for ours. The bill reported at the first session of the last Congress, which 1 now have in my band, provi ded for tl/c location of the Indian tribes somewhere West of the Mis sissippi river, and North or West of the State of Missouri. It proposed to create all the paraphernalia of a Gov ernment, not of the Indians themselves, in which their laws and manners were to prevail, but in which our laws were to be administered by our officers and enforced by our soldiers. Is the mea sure now submitted to us by the a- merdment of the gentleman from South Carolina. [Mr. M’Duffie] the same which was thus recommended by the Executive, and sanctioned by the Committee on Indian Affairs, by whom it was brought before Congress, in the bill reported by them tb this House? No. sir. x That bill, which I supposed would be brought forward; and acted on, is now abandoned by its friends. The measure is stripped of its prominent features. The gentle men who recommended it as a scheme for the benefit of the Indians, no lon ger place it on that ground. The a- mendment now offered by the gentle man from South Carolina goes farther than the bill and report from the Com mittee on' Indian Affairs now' among bo orders of the day. That bill con tains in its provisions, nothing which bears even a resemblance to the grand scheme formerly presented to us.—It has dwindled down almost to nothing. It asks less than the sum required for the expenses of holding an ordinary In dian treaty. It only proposes to ap propriate $15,000 to defray the ex penses of making an examination of the country west of the Mississippi, by the Indians. But as this proposi tion now offered is to supersede that bill, and places the question upon broader grounds, involving tbe whole merit s of the proposed measure, we may as well now dis< uss the question upon its general prim iples. which go to the foundation of all our Indian rela tions. So far as the State of Georgia is concernedwe have done forever with the diffi' ulties between that State and the Creel s. It is now a matter of no more interest to Geor gia than to Ohio, whether the- Indians shall be removed West of the Missis sippi or driven into the Gulf of Mexi co. The Creeks have ceded tons the last acre of their land in Georgia, and the provision of the treaty, by which the United States were bound to aid them in removing West of the Mississippi, has already expired. I shall therefore consider this question on its broad and general principles. We are told, Sir, that this is a measure necessary for the happiness and preservation of the Indians—that we must adopt it, or they will perish, and become extinct as a People. I do not believe this is the only way in which we can save the Indians, or pro mote their happiness. In my opinion, this measure would effect more ra pidly their extinction. Instead of be ing; entitled, u An act fo* thfr preser vation and civilization of the, Indian tribes within the United States, 5, it should be called a scheme for Uicir speedy extermination. If the Indians cannot live on the rich gml fertile lands which they now own, they can live no where. W'hen gentlemen call upon us to sanction this as a measure of humanity, it may be proper to con sider whether the sums necessary to carry into effect this plan, could not be more beneficially expended, by the adoption of a policy which would elevate and improve the Indian char acter, and secure their happiness, without removing them from their pres ent possessions and homes. Let us, Sir, for a moment, inquire where the Indians are to be removed. We are informed it is intended 10 plant them West of the Mississippi. This is a pretty extensive region, and we might as well at once send them West of the Rocky Mountains, to people the new territory proposed to be es tablished, by an honorable gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Floyd.] They would there have one advantage, Which gentlemen deem of great importance*, they would not soon be intruded up on by our citizens and settlements.— Lam aware that I maybe told that I know nothing about the Indians, or the system to be established for their go vernment, or of the country to which they are to be sent. This may be true. I do not pretend to any great knowl edge on the subject, but am willing to learn from others, and to obtain infor mation from those who have brought this measure before us for our sanc tion. Let me ask these gentlemen if they have examined this country?— Do you know w’het-her it is suitable to the circumstances and necessities, of the Indians? Their answer is, no; we know nothing about these matters but first adopt the scheme,—provide that the Indians }i\ust remove W*est of the Mississippi-—let us decide that we will drive them from their lands which we want to occupy; and then, Sir, w r e will send our agents and com missioners with the Indians, to exam ine this country. Our agents can be instructed to pursue such measures as will obtain the consent of the chiefs and head men of the tribes, who can be drilled into acquiesence with our plans. There will be no danger of the failure of the measures, provided our commissioners bavt! in their pock ets a “large amount of means, as an auxiliary aid.” Such, sir, is substantially the lan guage of this measure. Gentlemen who have talked so loudly of the ex penditure of the “contingencies,” and of the corrupting influence of the mo ney and patronage of the Government should reflect on this subject. Here they may find a pertinent occasion for their scrutiny. We know that the lands now owned by the Indians are fertile and valuable. It is this which gives activity to our sympathies. But we know nothing of the Country to which we propose to remove them.— The Secretary of War was called on by a resolution of this- House to give us the specific information possessed by the Department on the subject, and to state “whether the Indians are ac quainted with the nature and sit uation of the country to w hich they “are to be removed; and to what “particular district of Country West “of the Mississippi they ought to be ‘removed?” (See Journal of 1826-7, page 66.)—To these inquiries we re ceived an answer, informing us that ‘the Indians are not acquainted with ‘the nature and situation of the cotin- “try to which we propose to remove “them;” and, “that,'as no examina tion had been made with a view to “its 1 occupancy by the tribes now in “the States East of the Mississippi, “it cannot be known what particular “district of country West of the Mis sissippi they ought to occupy.”— (See Ex. doc. 28, of 1826-7.) Such, sir, is our ignorance upon this subject; such is the profound ignorance of those who have pressed this measure upon us. Yet we are zealously called up on; by gentlemen to give it the sanc tion of our approbation. [to be continued.] AGr.l-V* TCsAIr, VhTVfiyit JrMf9®d!>B/l DBBoWdcy dSRtV” Slr©t,&.A4d6A. DBBddS- ay ah-ha Tcr-M-yi. tkaqtaden a#ba<v- TK4dfA bSRT. DEdiyh 91»ftA4*- ■a«v«z o^h nydeso-cs t#awo-a; G<*y«r«z (pciRJHr ryfijs-aa #bo*Wet. Gayvt* Gd®*^ landrA-a. (pAJH?j<xyb. o^htgr nhCatay Eh*v.pz ©hsr-«ewh* db w, I>BE.di>Sdt>y«V» Byq®di>BA,.V O-BSPdfAB G- dsydsyii TCTdBA h-hcc.1540* AHhA JrC=h4* op. A A O’AACF'R lrAG,AdP O’fiT Kit DUBriifcfiy. D4oVyn TRAGF-A** K4o®A qdtJ’ 1 ’ lr/LET W* {PPdfcX-aA HAS TG(r>Ai*> AA«V« T» KRT BESIt DH KIT. 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It has been frequently said, that the treat 4 ment of the United States Commissioner^ of late, in this Nation, has been disrespects- fill and contemptuous. We have always thought this an unwarrantable charge, ori ginating from no other cause, but from the very fact of the failure of these Commis* 8ionere to attain their objects. From the correspondence, a part of which we publish to day, our readers will judge whether the authorities of this Nation have treated thff