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t
grce r,< * ”1*5 ’-g «> which should el-
e . . ..ilia now uiulii-
a ^ in .’.ijos oi ilie United Stales.
T ia diJi ulty m tiie way of taxing
them, b believed to be imaginary.—
L •! liit.rn be taxed, according to their
abilities, and in proportion to the ben-
elii tliey derive from die protecting
lavs of tne ot,te; and if individuals
\v..i mi .»ay their taxes respectively,
tax t.ie whole nation of Cherokees, or
such- parts of them as are obnoxious
to he editor of the Southron, or are
a bad example to lus slaves. There
Wili b~ sidieihat lime Io make use of
v : ; naas ires when they offend a-
g ,i in the la’ws. No one will wish
t ie Indians to enjoy privileges, in this
respect, which are proscribed to the
Wittes. Let them lie instructed, or
ins .met themselves, in the military
a i that tliey any defend themselves,
and is, if necessary. If they claim
t > be represented, let them send a
delegate to the National Legisture,
as soon as their degree of civilization
sh til entitle them io such a privilege.
T tis would be more honorable to the
country, than to extirpate them vi et
ar.nis, which might possibly he done
ii an attempt mere to drive them
from the states. If, with all these
inducements to improve, and to re
generate from Indians to men, they
should finally become extinct, then
their blood will not be upon our heads,
or the head of the editor of the South
ron.
* This cannot be true from the fact that,
there are five mulattoes in the State of
Georgia where there is one in this Nation,
even supposingHhe slave population in each
to he equal. Though th" Cherokees have
reason to regret and deeply deplore that,
through the example of the surrounding
States, the practice of keeping in bondage
a oart of their fellow beings, has become
general among them, they nevertheless can
console themselves with the thought that,
they have not been guilty of the crime of
commingling with their slaves.
Ed. Cher. Phce.
, From the Georgian.
GEORGI A. AND THE ABORIGINES.
THE TREATY AT DEWITT’s CORNER.
Extraordinary incidents continue to
attend the progress of the claim of
Georgia to the Cherokee country.
In 1831, she remonstrated with the
U sited States, against permitting In
dians to retain small portions of their
o vu lands as reservations in ceded
districts.
!n 1327, after seeing the operation
of that plan at the Indian Springs, she
particularly recommends it to the a-
duption of Congress'
But yesterday, as it were, Governor
Troup claims our lands as a charter
ed right—To-day, Governor Forsyth
claims them in right of the sword.
Under whatever pretence the claim
is advanced he it chicanery or vio
lence, there is no man found to have
pirtv on us; all seem to conspire for
ihe slavery, the banishment or the ex
tinction oi our now weak and defence
less tribe.
In the extract of a letter published
iw the Georgian of the 17th inst. Gov
ernor Forsyth says that the, Indians
within the United States are depend
ent. upon us, because they are a conquer
ed p'eople residing within our sovereign-
t : and in support of this assertion,
the Treaty of Dewitt’s Corner is ad-
d.ieed. I shall here concisely ex
amine how far this assertion is thus
supported.
In the first place this treaty is not to
be found among those compiled with
th ? aws of Georgia ;which is evidence
in ilself that the people of that state
could not have looked to it as a law
for 'Vir government—and when ex
amined it can scarcely be considered
as entitled to that respect and author
ity generally awarded to laws and
treaties.
It would appear as if it had indeed
b um inode in a corner, for as we have
it published, it is without the mention
o*’either interpreter or witness; contra
ry to the custom of the day, in which
it was made.
In the third place, no part of this
treaty gives either soil or sovereignty
to Georgia: It is said however, that
by it the Cherokees ceded them to
South Carolina, under whom v we
claim 'through the Convention of
Beaufort: Those who will take the
t"6uhle of consulting that Convention
and comparing it with this treaty, will
«c*f> upon what s’ight ground or rather
p-etenee, a cairn to the entire Chero
kee Nation, within wTiat Georgia
e-ills her limits, is made. With any
other view such an examination would
b • superfluous, because by this treaty
South Carolina herself could not re
ceive a title to the soil or govereignty
ol tiie Cherokee country; and there
fore could not transfer it. Tue docu
ments publisher she iV that it should
have been a treaty of Peace, and not
of cession, and should have been made
upon just and equitable terms. The
words of the commission are to '•'■con
clude a peace with ihe Cherokee Nation,
upon such terms as may he just and
equitable.” It is therefore, in the
fourth place, invalid on this account,
and in the fifth place, it is invalid be
cause the Cherokee full power, con
tains just as little authority to give, as
that of South Carolina did to receive,
a title to the soil aid sovereignty of
the country. Bui sixthly, if there had
been full powers Irons both parties,
it is void because such terms were
unjust and, without equity.
The declared object too. was to
make such conditions as icould be likely
to re-establish peace ind friendship, be
tween the parties assembled. Let the
world judge whether th; terms of this
treaty as now construed, comported
with that object. Finally, the historian
of Georgia has mentioned t only as a
treaty of mere pacification Ui s
words are, (vol 2d, page 8t.) i.j.
Treaty was afterwards held at De
witt’s Corner, in South Carolina, pt
which the Commissioners of Georgia-
attended, who concurred in and signed
ihe articles of pacification.”
No doubt that if this treaty and its
accompanying documents, were sub
mitted to the examination of some
of the pale-faced scribes, they would
find further defects in it.
OUTALISSI.
The Cherokees.—We understand
that considerable excitement and a-
larm exists at this time among the
Cherokees, in this Territory, which
lias been caused by a late forcible
wresting of property from them by
some'of their white neighbors. It ap
pears, that a number of negroes were
found in the possession of some of the
Cherokees, who are alleged to have
belonged to a man w ho was murdered
and robbed by a party of that nation!
on the Tennessee river, upwards o']
30 years ago. Some of the identical
negroes who were stolen, it is alleged,
are among them, anil tlie others claim
ed are said to be the descendants ol
those w'lio were stolen. A citizen oi
Crawford county basset up a claim to
them, either by purchase, or other
wise; and recently, w ithout any legal
nroeess, proceeded with a party of
men, to the nation, and forcibly seized
md carried off eight of them. This
arbitrary proceeding has produced
great sensation among the Indians,
w ho are apprehensive that it is only a'
prelude to other similar aggressions.
Some of them, we understand, keep a
.-lose wat h over their property; and
declare their intention of protecting it
with their lives; but we have not
heard of their making any threats
of en leavoring to retake tne property
which has been forcibly w rested tiom
th m. They will demand its restitu
tion of the government, and if their
claim is a jiast one, we hope and trust
that the property-will be restored to
them. We kno-.v nothing of the valid
ity of the adverse claim which has
been set up to it, but we are cleanly
of op nion, that, whether it lie valid or
inval .1, the step taken to get posses
sion of it, is irregular and illegal.—
Measures, we understand, are in a
train, for placing the property in safe
hands, until such time as a legal in
vestigation shall adjudge it to its right
ful ow lers.—Ark. Gaz.
Completion of the Cherokee line.—Tt
will be seen, by the Proclamation of
the Acting Governor of this Territo
ry, published in a subsequent column,
that Mr. Crittenden has received
“satisfactory information” that the
surv. yi ig of the line from Fort Smith
to the soutlnvest corner of Missouri,
was completed on the 19th November
last; and that all persons, not forming
a part of the Cherokee Nation, are or
dered te remove from the country
ceded to the Cherokees, within the
term of 90 days from the date of the
Proclamation (7th inst.) •
Tie “satisfactory information” on
which Mr. Crittenden has though'
aroper to issue his Proclamation, w
understand, was derived from the cer
tificatc or deposition of one of the
chain carriers to the Surveyor win
vus appointed to run the line—tin
Surveyor having declined giving any
certificate himself.—Ark. Gaz.
An intelligent gentleman, who h?*
resided sometime in this Territory
and In a situation where he had good
oppirluany tor observing the charac
ter ind id lings ol the Indians which
the Government is collecting on our
western irontier, is decideuiy of opin
ion tint a General Superintendent ol
Indian Affairs should be appointed
tor tins Territory, in a note to us,
he says—
“The immense access of Indian
population ts> this Territory, and its
eventual increase ought to excite the
liveliest attention oi Government to
.the deviseq/ent of such means as are
calculated |o secure their interests,
and promote R ie advancement of civ
ilization ailong them. Of these, the
first and in<Jst prominent is, 1 conceive,
the appointment of some honest, trust
worthy innvidual, empowere ! to ex
ercise a gnicral and immediate super-
Yisal over the ordinary Agents.. Gen
eral Clar|x, who now cxe. vises that
pow er, is placed at too remote a dis
tance: anf, from Ins multifarious du
ties on the Missouri and Upper Mis
sissippi, is. too much engaged to devote
the*necessary attention to the interests
of his Territory.”
Winnlbago War Dance.—Tin
Washington Telegraph of the 2d inst
says, “tlnj promised war dance of tin
Winnebago Indians, took place yestei
day; mil small enclosure north of the
Presidnf’s house; mu h to the amuse
ment -;f a large concourse of specta
tors. Many of the Indians were in
most i a state of nudity.'"' lithe citizen:
of Washington can be amused by wii-
nessiig a number of savages dance,
in a late of nudity, we hope a reform-
atioi of moral'feeling will soon tal e
plats in the American metropolis.
Buffalo Emp.
S we sw. But, by what we can
lean, the Indian dam e is less inde-
ceiv than that of the Parisians. Tn<
trull is, extreme refinement and b i -
bnrsm are very nearly allied; pml t t
nolility and the rabble, the Fren 1
geitrynnd the savages, the Haunters
inruifles, and in, rags, may without
the least impropriety associate to
gether, ac. orcling to their usual pra
lice, in their amusements. Their in
tellectual habit, and tastes naturally
draw them together, as theatres, gam
bling houses and race-grounds can tes*
iti y.And why should the mingling iff
kindred s .uls be prohibited.--Broil
donee In esligator.
Extreme refinement allied to barba
rism. Nothing is mure true. The
examination of naked busts, and pic
tures without drapery; the dancing ol
Madame Hutin &c. &c. all these
things are pretty much of a piece, ex
cept they differ in the ciscumstance
-of genius.— West. Ilec.
FORE11 N.
From the New-York Advertiser.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
Yesterday the packet ship Caledo
nia, Captain Rogers, arrived from
Liverpool, bringing us London papers
to the 4th, and Liverpool to the 5th
of December, both inslasive.
The Caldonia sailed on the 5th.
Her regular d -y was December 1st.
By the Columbia, which arrived on
Thursday last, from London, we re
ceived 'London papers to the 2d of
‘ December
■> The official intelligence of the
blockade of the Dardanelles by the
Russian naval squadron under Admit*,
al Heytlen, has been published in
England. In remarking upon the sub
ject, Ihe London Courier says—“Now,
as to the effect of this Blockade, we
have not the least idea that it will be
effectual in preventing tlie Turks
from being supplied with stores and
provisions—though they may be com
pelled to receive them 'W" ’
cuitous way. Their own Asiatic terri
tories, Persia, and even■ Egypt, can
send provisions by m a.is which the
blockade of Constantinople and the
Dardanelles cannot prevent or check.
The measure, therefore, to which
Russia bas recourse will, we repeat,
render the supply of provisions less
prompt and less direct, but it is not
likely to reduce Turkey to the necoss : -
<y of suing for peace, or of acceding to
iarsh terms in order to preserve her
self from an actual famine. That
jiy effectual Blockade of the Darda
nelles can be mainlined during the
inter months, we have the authority
if Lord Collingvvood for disbeliev-
Since the fall of Varna, the exe’r-
ionsofthe Porte have been redou-
Iml: 30.000 additional men have been
urnighed by the capital, and troops
were arriving daily from Asia. Ano
ther division of Russia prisoners had
arrived, and also 3u waggons loaded
with standards, arms, uniforms, &e.
taken in the latter actions before Var
na, w'hich were favorable to the
Turks. Several ships had also ar
rived from the Black Sea with pro
visions, &c. corn excepted.
Constantinople, Oct. 25.
The capital has recovered from the
despondency wliich the first news ol
the loss of Varna occasioned. 30,000
men levied in the capital and envi
rons are to reinforce the army on the
Balkan, and the troops collected in
the Albania are to be ordered to re
main where they are, and not to pro
ceed to the Danube as was before-in
tended. Here it is thought the Porte
intends not only to act with vigoui
against the Russians, but also to as
sert its rights over Greece, though
file Egyptian troops have evacuated
the Morea. This resolution, if the
French troops should remain long in
Greece, may cause the most danger
ous political embarrassments, and we
Slave only to hope that the unremit-
ed endeavours of the Austrian and
Vclhcrlands Ambassadors may induce
■ he Porte to adopt a more conciliato
ry system.—Hitherto the capital en-
•>ys’ perfect tranquillity, and no want
>f provisions is felt; but the blockade
of the Dardanelles, anebthe shipping
>f supplies, may easily produce a
scarcity. In this case the numerous
poor classes might the more readily
be impelled to the greasiest exces
ses, as the Government is destitute < f
pecuniary resources, and the trea
sury is exhausted.
NEW ECMOTAs
WEDNESDAY, FEB. 11, 1829.
To Christian Headers.—We have f-i
-ometime keen imnresssr.c) with the impor
tance of engaging the sympathies amt pray
ers of the Christian community for the In-
Tans, particularly for the Cherokees.—
We now, at this time, espeeially need he
nravers of God’s people—The present peri
od is an interesting one w ith us. We ar-
on one side encouraged In the considera
tion that our religious and moral improve
ment is progressing; on the other, we have
nil reason to think that measures are in op-
ration, whose tendency is to defeat this
improvement. Every true Christian will
desi that the happy work commenced a-
mong the Cherokees may ultimately he ac-
comrlished. This work God w ill certain-
y accomplish throurh the instrumentality
of his people—by means of earnest and ef
fectual prayer.
But our intention is not to lecture on
Christian friends—all what we want istlwi •
prayers. We earnestly w : sh them to sup
plicate the thioneof grace for th r Chero
kees. We desire them to pray that the
hearts ofthe members of the General Gov
ernment mav he turned “as the rivers of
water*”—that the devices of our enemies
may be frustrated—that we as a people
may he preserved—that the enmity of our
neighbours may be turned into kindness—
and that religion, education, and the vari
ous arts of civilized life may be made to
prosper and flourish. Are not these ob
jects worthy of prayer? Do they not now
peculiarly demand the attention of Chris
tians? “Brethren pray for us.”
Our neighbours, we are told, are still
flocking in and possessing the land. Manv
ofthe most notorious members of the “Po-
ney club” are no doubt foremost in this bu
siness. Instead of stealing, they have com
menced shooting our citizen’s horses and
cattle. The most expeditious way to re
move us would be to let loose such a com
munity upon usBut would it be honorable
for the Slate of Georgia to effect her pur
pose n this manV.er?—We hear it stated,
(we h ; e it w 11 turn out to he a fact) that
t> Su 1 -Agn t has hern despatched to fore
warn these intruders from their unlaw ful
proceedings. Whether they will listen to
his talk, is more than we can tell.
A correpsondent informs us that, there
are about twelve families who have enlisted
as emigrants in Creek Path. He asks,
“arc they people of good & fair standing?”
and answers in the negative, as respects
most of them. Others may he considered
“semrw Fiat respectable.” From what we
have been informed heretofore, we are in
clined to think our corespondent not far
from the truth. We have seen hut two
families who have agreed to pass the Mis
sissippi, and if these form a good specimen
of the whole, it certainly will not redound
to the credit of (lie government to remove
them. For what is the motive which indux
ces them to remove? Certainly not to
better their condition, for they have had
ample room here to do well. “It is,” our
correspondent remarks_“a craving desire
to survey the wilderness near the rocky
Mountains’ with three or four deer skins
rlung to their backs.” If the object of this
emigrating scheme is to make us a nation
of hunters and warriors, or in other words,
to reduce us back to where wc were 40
years ago, we confess that it is a very ju
dicious plan. But if its objects are. our
civilization and 'Christianization, we nrc-
yet to 1 "am in what way these are to he
effected. If tlie Ch»rokcps, we mean the
body of the nation, are ever removed, they
will have to be removed against their wish..
And what-man is there who will do well
and -improve when he is driven by necessi-.
tv and does a t king reluctantly ? The case
would he different if the Government
woul 1 propose a fair exchange of countries,
that s, :1 the country now intended to he-
given to tli 'Ch rokees was in every re-
sepeet as desirable as this, and they would
emigrate peaceably, &. willingly, and in a
body, an 1 carry with them their internal
affairs and all their means, of improve
ment. In such a case, we should Consider-"
it our duty to be silent.
The writer of the following letter is u
member of the Mission School at High
tower. We hope the example here set-
will be imitated in other places.
Hightower Feb. 6, 1829
Messrs. Worcester & BoumrfoTr
lam requested to inform you that the
Female D. NL Society in this place
have sent by Epenetus, Six Dollars,
or tlie purpose of purchasing Cher
kee Hymn Books for distribution in
he Valley Town. He will give you
he money and we hope you will let
im have the amount in Books, as a-
bove. Yours respectfully.
MARY ROWJE.
Mobile, Jan. 7.
.Fire.-Our devoted city seems to be
the sport of thisde votiring element On
Monday evening last at about G o’
clock, a fire was discovered in the
store of Messrs. Calvert and French,
on the North side of Dauphin street,
& was not pul under until every frame
building in the block, nine in number?
was destroyed. An alarm was in
stantly given, but the flames spread
with such rapidity that no part of tlie
goods of Messrs. Calvert and French,
nor any of their books or papers,
were saved. The buildings were not
valuable, and a considerable portion
ofthe property they contained was
removed, so that the loss in the ag
gregate cannot be considered very se
vere. The occupants were, Calvert
and French, Dunning anil Knapp,
H. V Raymond, J. Dunlap and Co,
J. Byrne and son, C. White, Dr,
Woodruff, and S. Smith.
An unfortunate rencontre took
place at Clinton, Hinds county, (Mis
sissippi) on the 5th Jan. between Col.
James Gibson, and Mr. Anthony Dur
den, his brother in law, both of the
county of Warren. They were in at
tendance on tlie Chancery court, be
fore which they had a suit depending,
which was decided on the 5th in favor
of Mr. Durden. They had been at
variance for some time and it had
ripened into a deadly hatred. A few
words passed between them at the
supper table—rising simultaneously
they met at the head of the table,
and, exchanging a look of desperation,
commenced with sword canes a.furi
ous light, which continued about five
minutes, when Col Gibson fell never
again to rise. He received frve stabs,
three in his abdomen, one in bis breast,
and under his chin, passing through his
mouth into his heqcL He lived but
a few moments after his fall. Mr
Durden, who lias been admitted to
bail, was not seriously hurt.
P. G. Corres.
From the National Intelligencer.
A Striking Coincidence.—The ef
fect of the singular coincidence of the
two patriarchs of the Revolution,
caused a sensation which vibrated
throughout our country and excited
the surprise of the world. We have
to notice another event of the same
kind, ®f men who “in life were united,
and in death were not divided.”
Colonel Aaron Benjamin and Ma
jor Joseph Wheaton both died -ou
Sunday the 23d ult. In the war of tho
revolution they served in the same
line, and shared the dangers of the
same battles. During the las* war
they wore both again found in the ser
vice of their count rv. and dischared
with youthful zeal their various and