Georgia Historic Newspapers

    VOL. IT.
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ACENTS FOR 'LHE CHEROKEE
L 3 PHENIX.
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Cherokee Pheenix. &
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-00 l Jaaesd T unx Bellionte 1, |
INDLANS,
M.EMORIAL
of John ,PJSS,’RLchard Taylor, l%d
ward Gunter, & Willian S. Cood
I%epress:ztatbrjes of the Cherokee Wg:
toon of Indians.
‘T'o the Honor e
of Represgntagv%ls)lgffl:fies%}:it:e?insdtg:: ief
America, in Corgress assembled: :
A We, the undersizned, Representa
*;;‘:v‘é tof> the Cherokee nation, heg
Nlack O present before your biyorg
;. wodies a subject of the geepest
- .aterest toour patxoxl, as '-.'uvolving the
- _most sacred rights 254 privileges of
~ ‘the Chel‘oge People. The Legis
~ Tature of Georgia, during its ldtest
. session, passed an act to add a large
portion of our Territory to that State,
- and to extind her jurisdiction over the
_same, “ideclaring “all laws and
. usages, made and enforced in said
g Territory by the Indians, to be null
* and void after the first of June, 1830-
" No Indian, or descendent of an Indian,
" to be a competent wituss, ora party
Ito any suit to which a white nian is .a
© party.” This act involves a question
. of great magnitude and Q%serious im
~port, and which calls for the deliber
. ation and decision of Congress. It is
A question upon which l% salvation
- and happiness or the misery and., de
~struction of @ nation depends, there
~fore it should not be trifled with.
~ The anxious solicitude of Georgia to
~ obtain our lands through the. United
" Btates by treaty was known to us, and
~after having accommodated her desir
e (with that of other States bor
~ dering on our territory) by repeated
~leession of lands, until no more can bhe
vaasonably spared, it was not conceiv
o 'e'fil much less believed,- that a Slalg?'
ko T .
PRINTED UNDER THE PATRONAGE, AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE CHL‘BGKEE NATION, AND DEVOTED TO THE CAUSE OF INDIANS.axaII, ECUDINCTT, EDITCOR.
proud of Liberty, and tenacious of th:
rights of man, would condescend to
have placed herself before the world
in the imposing attitude of a usurper
of most sacred righis and* privileges
o a weak, defenceless, and innocent
nation of people, who are in perfect
peace with the United States, and to
whom' the faith of the United States
is solemaly pledzed to protect and de
fénd them against the encroachmants
of their citizens. A ;
. In acknowledgment for the protec
tion of the United Srates and the con
sideration of guaranteeing to our na
tion forever the security of our lands
&c. the Cherokee nation ceded by
treaty a large tract of country to the
United States, and stipulited that the'
said Cherokee nation “'-will&i hold
any treaty with any foreign power, in
dividual Staie, or ‘with_individuals of
any State.” These stipulations on
our part have been faithfully obsery
ed, and ever shall be. e
_The right of regulating our own In
ternal affairs, is a right which we
have inherited from the Author of our
existence, which we have always ex
ercised, and have never surrendered.
Our nation had no voice m the for
mation of the lederal compact be
tween the States; and if the United
States have involved themsslves- by
an agreement with Georgia, relative
to the purchase of our lands, and have
failed to comply with it in'the strict
est letter of their compact, it is a
matter o’ be adjusted between tham
selves; and on no principla’ of justice l
can#n, wnocent pegpla, who kardia
po WAy a party ig that compact, be
held respensibie foy its fulfilment;
consequently they should not be op
pressed, in dirent violation of the so
lemn obligationg pledged by treaties
for their Protection.
Itis with pain aad desp regret we
have yitnessed the various plans
Which have been devised within a few
Years past by some of the officers of
, ‘ie General Government, and the
’ measure adopted by Congress in con
formity to those plans, with the view
'of effecting the” removal of our na
tion beyond the Mississippi, for the
purpose, as has been expressed, to
promote our inncrest and permanent
happiness, and save us from the im
pending fate which has swept others
into oblivion. “Without presuming to
djubl the sincerity and good intentions
the advocates of this plan, we,
as the descendants of the Indian race,
and possessing hoth the fuelings of
the Indiav, and the white man, canaot
but bel’eve that this system to per
peturte our happiness, is visionary,
an?; that the anticipated blessings can
‘never be realized. The history of
‘the prosperious and improving ¢ondi
tion of our people in the arts of civi
’lizefl life and christianization, is be
fore the world, and not unknown to
’you. Tha, cause which have pro
duced this great change and state of
things, are to be traced _[rom the vir
tue, honor,and wisdom, in the policy of
the Administration of the Great
Waqhington——the'(}o'ngressi of the Uhnit
ed States and the' American People;
the ritpionship and intercourse es
tablished by. treaties, ‘and owr loca
tion in the immediate neighbourhood
of a eivilzed community—=and withal
occupying a country- remarkable for
its genial and salubrions climate; af
fording abundance of good water,
timher, and a proportionate share of
good lands for cultivation. If, cunder
all g these advantages, permaneht
prosperity and happiness of the Cher
okee Pegple cannot be realized, they
never clafipbe realized under any other
location within the limits of the
United States.
We cannot but believe, that, if the
same zeal and exertion were to be
used by thé General Government and
the State of G-eoi‘g;a,‘ to effect a
mtual compromise inthe adjustment
of their compact, ‘élhnt"eéw‘;‘"and' is
now, using to effect onr removal, it
could’be done to the satisfaction of the
NEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY JUNE 17, 18Z9.
people of Georgia, and without any
sacrifice to the United States. We
should be wanting in liberal and char
itable feelings were we to doubt the
virtue and magnanimity of the Peo
ple of Greorgia, and we do believe that
®ere are men in that State whose
moral and religious worth staads forth
inferior to none within the United
Siates. Why, then, should the pow
er that framed the Constitution of
Georgia, and made the cpmpact with
the United S. be not exercised for the
honor of the country, and the peace,
happiness, and preservation of a peo
ple, who were the original proprie
torsof a large portion of the country
now in fthe possession of that State;
And whose title to the soil they now
occupy, is lost in the ages of antiqui
ty, whose ‘enterests are becoming
identified with those of the United
States, and at whose call they are
ever ready to obey in the; hour af
danger. ;
In the treaty made with the Cher
okees west of the Mississippi, in May
last, an article was inserted with the
views of inducing our citizens to emi
grate, which we cannot but view as
an unpredented policy in the Gener
al Government; and whilst we admit
the liberty of the Cherokees as free
mento exercise their own choice in
removing whére they may think pro
por, we cannot admit the right of the
Cherokees west of the Mississing}
more than any other natic;, to enter
into a tréaty with (ne United States
to affec our national rights and privi
tegesin any respect whatever, and
against which we would most solemn
iy protest. 1t is with no little sur
prise that we have seen in a documen
printed tor the use of Congress, con
nected with the subject of Indian em
igration, the following = statement:
“from the ascertained feelings of the
Chiefs of the Southern Indians, there
is a fived purpose, by threats or otherwise,
to keep their people from emigrating.”
Again: *‘there is no doubt bul. these peo.
ple fear their chicfs, and on that account
Teep back.” If we are to understand
that these remarks were intended to
apply ta the people and chiefs of our
nation, we do not hesitate in saying,
that the informant betrays either an
entire ignorance on the subject, or a
wanton disposition to misrepresent
facts, The chiefs of our nation are
the immediate representatives of the
people, by whose voice they are e
lected; & with equal propriety it may
be said, that the people of the Unit
ed States.are afraid of these Repre
scatatives in Congress, and other
public-officers of the Government.
We cannot admit that Georgia has
the right to extend her jurisdiction
over our territory, nor are the Che
rokee people prepared to submit to
her persecuting edict. * We would
therefore respectfully and solemnly
protest, in behalf of the Cherokee na
tion, before your honorable bodies,
asainst the extension of the laws of
Georgia over any part of our Territo
ry, and appeal to the United States’
Government for justice and protec
tion. The great Washington advised |
a plan and elorded aid for the gener
al improvemeént of our nation, in ag
riculture, science, and government.
President Jefferson followed the no
ble example, and concluded an ad
dress to our delegation, in language
as follows: I sincerely wish you may
succeed in your laudable -cndeavors
ta save the remnant of your nation by
adopting industrious occupations and
a Government of regularlaw. I this
0w My alfww y on the counsel and
Zssistmge of the Uzited ‘States,” This
kind and generous policy <o T%eliorate
our condition, has been blessed with
the happiest lht‘s: our improve
ment has been hout “a- parallel in
the history of all Indian nations. Ag
riculture is every whi e pursued,and
the intefles#; of our- s are per
manent in the soil. We have enjoy
ed the blessings of Christian instruc
tion, the advantages of education and
morit are justly appreciated, & Gov- |
ernmerit of regular law has been a
dopted, and the nation, under a con
tinuance of the fostering care of the
United States, will stand forth as a
living testimony, that all Indian nations
are not doomed to the fate which has
swept many f{rom the face of the
earth. - Under the parental protec
tion of the United States, we have ar
rived at the present degree of im
provement, & they are now to decide
whether we shall continue as a peo
ple, or be abandoned to destruc
tion. & g
In behalf, and under the authori
ty of the Cherokee nation, this pro
test and memorial is respectfully sul.-
mittted- ’
WasHingron Crry Feb. 27, 1829,
Fromthe Georgia Journal—Extra,
MiLLEpGEVILLE, "May 26.
The Indians‘—Sipce the publica
tion of our paper of the 25th, the fol
lowing documents have been received
by the Governor. They are believed
to furaish intelligence sufficiently im
portant, and gratifying ‘to the public,
to 'warrant the Issue of an extra sheef
INDIAN TALX. ;
From the President of the United States
lo the Cre:sk Indians, through Colo
nel Crowell. -
| Friends ang Brothers: By permis
sion 4 the Great Spirit above, and
| the voice of the people, 1 have been
-made a President of the United States,
and now speak 16 you as your Father
and friend, and wrequest you to listen.
Your warriors have known me long.
You know Ilove wy white and red
children, and always speak straight,
and not with a forked tongue; that I
[ have always told you the truth, . I
now speak to you, as to my children,
in the language of truth—Listen.
Your bad men have made my heart
| sicken, and bleed by the murder of ene
ofmy. white . children in Georgia.—
Our peaceful mother earth has been
stained by the blood of the white man,
and calls for the pu@ent of bhis
murderers, whose s pder is now
demanded under the solemn obligation
of the treaty which your Chiefs and
Warriors in Council have agreed to.
To prevent the spilling of more blood,
you must surrender the murderers,
| and restore the property they have
taken. To preserve peace, youmust
comply with-your own treaty. |
Friends “and brothers, listen:— |
Where you. now are, you_and my
wfiite children are too near to. each
other to liwe in harmony and peace.
Your game is destroyed, and many of
your people will not work and till the
earth. Beyond the great River Mis
sissippi, where a part of your nation
has gone, your Father has provided
a country large enough for all of you,
and he advises you to remove to it.—
There your white brothers will not
trouble you; they will have no claim
to the land, and you can live upon it,
you and all your children, as long as
the grass grows or the wat@r runs, in
}peace and plenty. It will be yours
forever. For the improvements' in
the country wher you now live, and
for all the stoci\yhich you #cannot
take with you, your Father will pay
you a fair price. y
In my talk to you in the Creek Na
tion, many years afo, .I told you of
this new country, where you might be
preserved as a g?féat nation," and
where your white hrothers would not
disturb you. In that country your
Father, the President, now promises
to protect you, tofeed you, and to.
shield you from all encroachment.—
Where you now live your white broth
ers have always claimed , the land.—
The la?&beyond ‘the Mississippi be
longs to the President and to none
else; and he will give it to you for
ever. = :
My children, listen. The late
murder of one of my children in Geor
gia, shews you that you and they are
too near to each other. These bad
men mnst now be delivered up, and
- | suffer the penalties of the law for the
. | blood they have shed. # v
; I have sént my Agent:——, and your
| friend" Col. Crowell, to demand the
| surrender of the murderers; and to
| consult with you upon the subject of
| your removing to the l?d[ have pro«
vided for you West of the Mi issippi, -
in order that my white and rm-.‘
dren‘may live m peace, und thfl"t e
land may not be stained with the blood
of _my children again. L have in
wstructed €ol. Crowell to speak’ the
truth to you, and to assure you that
your father, the President, wil! deal
fairly and justly with you, and whilst
he feels a Father’s love for ypu, he
advises your whole nation to go to the
place where he can protect and fos
ter you. Should any incline to re
main and come under the laws of Al
abama, land will be laid off for them,
and their families in fee. &3
My children, listen. My white
’ children in Alabama, have extended
taeir law over your country. I you
remain in it, you must be subject to
that law. If you remove across the
Mississippiy you will be subject to
your own laws, and the care of your
Father the President. You will be
treated with kindness, and the lands
will be yours forever. &
Friends and Brothers, listen. This
is a straight and good talk. Itis fop
your matious good, and your father re«
quests you to hear his counsel.
Signed ANDREW JACKSON,
March 23, 1823.
The Secretaryof Warlo the Cherokes
Delegation. ,
(COPY.)
DerarTMENT OF WaR,
ML April 18, 1829, f ?
v, e R NL N et et
| To Messrs. John Ross, Richard) TJ"ay~v"‘
: lor, Edward Gunter dnd William S.
| Coody, Cherckee Delegution.
Friends end Brothers—Y ou letter
| of the 17th of February, addressed to
| the late*Secretary of War, has been
brought to the notice of this Depart
| ment, since the communication made
toyou on the 11th inst.; and haviog
| conversed freely and fully with the
Pres.ident of the United States, I am ‘
directed by him to submit the follow -
‘ing as the views which are en‘ertain
ed, inreference to the subjects which
you have submitted for considerftion.
You State that “the Kegislature
of Georgia, in' defiance of the
laws of the United States, and
the most. solemn treaties existing,”
have extended ;_iff—i_m‘ifiliclion over
your nation to take effect inJune 1830.
That ““Your patign had no veice in
the formation of the confederacy of
the Union, and has ever been un
shackled with the laws of individual
States, because independent of them;””:
,and that consequently this act of
Georgia is to be viewed, “‘in no,oth- ¢
er light, than a wcaton vsurpation of
power, guaranteed to no State, nei
ther by the common law of the land, *
nor by the laws of nature.” 7,
T all this, there is a plain and ob
vious answer, deducible I'l'olll-”
known history of the country, - =
ving the war of the Revolution, your
‘mation was the friead and ally of
Great ‘B;étain;‘ a'¥owcr which Ihen
cleimed eatire sovereignty, wit'i{iu the
limits of what ns'lit&d the thirteen
United States.G&By the Deelaration
of Independence and subsequently the .
Treaty of 1783, all the rights of sove- .
reignty pertaining to @&reat Britain,
becume véSted respectivelyt in the
“original Sta f this Union, ineluding
,ANothCmn‘a Geqts‘gia, within
whose territorial limits, ‘asydefined
and k%ougn‘atiqn; was then Sit
uateds "Tf,¥as is the case, you bave
. * . 1 NS S B
been permitted to abide on your lands
from that peried to the present, en
joying the rightof soil and pri N
to hunt, it.is not thence to be infer
ved, that this*was any (hi{iki%lp; :
than a permission growing out of
‘compacts with your nation; nor is it a
circwaflérii;e whence, now to deny
to those States, the exercise of their
original sovereignty. = -
NO. 11.
Y ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎥᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ.
-ᏑᎦᎾᎪᏓᏆᏍᏗ ᎢᎪᎯᏛ ᏌᏉ ᏧᏂᎴᏴᎪᏗ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ.
ᏴᏄᎬ ᏗᏂᏬᏂᏗᏍᎩ ᏦᎢᏁ ᎠᏰᏢ ᎤᏮᎫᏴᏘ
“ᎨᏎᏍᏗ”.ᎢᏳᏃ ᎢᎬᏪᏅᏛ - ᎠᎾᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ.
Ꮏ ᏳᎤᏃ’ᎦᏢ ᎢᏯᏅᎪ ᎢᏴ ᎠᎾᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ, ᏦᎢ
ᎠᏐᎸ ᎤᎾᎫᏴᏗ ᎨᎰᏎᏍᏗ. ᎠᏐᏗᏱᏍᎬᏃ ᎢᏴ ᎩᎳ
ᎠᏴᏗᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ, ᏅᎩᏁᎢ ᎠᏰᏢ ᎤᎾᎫᏴᏘ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ.,
! ᏣᎳᎩᏃ ᎤᏩᏰ”-ᏗᏂᏬᏂᏗᏍᎩ, ᏔᏢᏉ ᎠᏕᎸ
ᏫᎦᎫᏴᏗ.ᎨᏎᏍᏗ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏛ, ᎢᏳᏃ, ᎢᎬᏪᏩᏛ ᎠᎾ
ᎯᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ;Ꮠ ᏦᎢᏁᏃ ᎠᏰᎠ. ᎾᏍᎩᏉ ᎤᏕᏘᏴ”
ᏓᏉᏲᎵ ᎠᏂᎾᏍᏊᏍᏗ.. Ꮏ