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the conquest of Mexico, under the adventurer Cortez, the
mind of the conqueror has stamped the impress of its supe
riority upon every subject pertaining to government. These
have always from that day to this, maintained themselves in
circumstances of ease, affluence and luxury, while the nathe
has dwarfed into the peone and submissively contributed t.n
fruition of his toil and labor to the wealth and consequence o
the former. Generally, they and their descendants, ,n ‘ xtl
and otherwise, form the only educated classes. I
family was of this stock, pure and unadulterated, and was one
of its centres of the highest influence.
Isabella and an older brother, now aid-de-camp to Santa
Anna, received their education at schools in Mexico.
The residence of the family was in the immediate neighbor
hood of the celebrated square in Monterey, known tor the
character of its owner and its magnificent structure. YY nh
its massive columns and ornamental parapets, the famih man
sion presented to the stranger a strikingly castle-like appear
ance. The extensive and exquisitely cultivated grounds, with
their majestic shade trees and flowering vines, the orangery
and green groves of lemon, occasionally relieved b} the ba
nana and plantain and other fragrant and delicious fruits of
the tropics, heightened the manorial aspect of the scene.—
The interior was even more in keeping with the idea of
lordly self-indulgence than any perfection in the peculiar
structure and architecture of the massive stone edifice indicat
ed. The richest furniture and carpeting which in their tidy
arrangements seemed to have blended the tints ot the luin
bow, attested a knowledge of eastern magnificence, while in
niches of the walls were numerous specimens of the statuary
and paintings of the old masters of these arts. Rare volumes
of Spanish historians and poets ornamented the tables.
With these silent but eloquent transcripts of the deeds and
thoughts of men of another country and age, our young
friends enjoyed many a rational feast, for each had taste to .ap
preciate all that Was preserved in the new world ot the trans
mitted soul of the distinguished dead. It is not strange that
forever respecting a spirit winch fully sympathised with her in
the study of the chronicles of her own people and the
thoughts of these old writers, Isabella should finally ac
knowledge the growth of a deeper sentiment. Hitherto
she had only found such a companion in her own family.
Beverly understood his position and began to feel that these
new influences were necessary to his happiness, llut with
this conviction, his troubles commenced. 1I doubted if the
sentiment acknowledged by Isabella could he permanent and
deep-seated in the affections. As an enemy and in arms
against the members of her own family, he could not reason
ably hope to gain the favor of her parents. lie began to tremble
under this aspect of the ease, tliat he found his affections so
thoroughly enlisted. He felt that
“They love their land because it is their own,
And scorned to give aught other reason why.”
And his good sense added to llalleck’s sentiment, that they
must hate all those who mean to do it harm.
He came not only as an enemy, but as one without rank or
pretensions. lie offered an unknown name for one that awak
ened and kept up a thousand proud and clustering associa
tions. Could the proud Castilian make such a sacrifice ?
Superadded to these difficulties, just at this juncture, a rival
in the character of an officer of name and rank, contested
the favorable consideration of Isabella. High in rank as was
the new rival, he was no better man than Beverly, yet the
latter, oppressed with apprehensions, made up his mind to
abandon the unequal field. “YY hen this resolution was sus
pected by Isabella, she, judging from the falling off of Bever
ly’s visits, sought an occasion to reassure him, by stronger de
clarations than had been previously made. Her manners soon
left it palpable, both to I loverly and the officer, that the socie
ty of the former was decidedly more grateful than the atten
tion of hU superior.
Isabella was a consummate actress, yet with the arts of a
coquette, toward Beverly, was mingled much of real feeling.
She brought Beverly again at her feet ; he was altogether
devoted, and yet, judging from the respective declarations, lie
was not more committed than Isabella.
Even yet, although she felt attached to Beverly, she was
playing a part, its object certainly concealed from his notice.
He was too blind to have understood any* slight indication of
the project. Ever and anon, in the fervent sentiment of affec
tion, was mingled a regret that the usefulness ot Beverly was
circumscribed in its operation by his position ‘ in the rank and
file.” But these ingenious hints were gratefully received, as
indications of Isabella's appreciation ot his real character and
worth. They had the effect intended, and were essential to
the perfection of the delicate meshes now being interwoven
with the feelings of Beverly, by which she, the artful woman,
hoped to bind him to her will. The plot was now maturing—
the fair plotter gaining courage and multiplying the assurances
of her love. He saw nothing concocted. YYitli him all was
right—he was happy.
LeaYCS from a Portfolio.
LEAF VII.
Gorgeousness. —What myriads of admirers have
the flittering ornaments of earth ! Modest and un
assuming worth is entirely neglected and discounte
nanced when the gilded equipage of assumption is
ushered before us] It is a painful truth, and we
witness its fulfillment every day of our lives, that
most persons have no appreciation t<tv things ot sim
ple and true worth, equal to that they manifest tor
the transient splendors of hollow display. This,
therefore, opens a large sphere tor the philanthro
pist, when actuated by the impulse of his generous
heart. Does it not seem that all persons who are
attracted by ornament, are indiserimiuating and in
fatuated creatures ? It is related that I’hilopeinen,
the greatest soldier of his age in Greece, was usual
ly clad in a very plain dress, and olten went abroad
without any servant or attendance : in this manner
lie came alone to the house of a friend who had in
vited him to dinner. The mistress of the family .
mistook him for a servant and asked his assistance !
in the kitchen, which he gave without ceremony, !
and fell to cleaving wood. The owner of the home-!
stead, coming in at the instant, and surprised at the j
of the sight exclaimed: “How now, Lord >
Iffiiiopemen ? what is the meaning of this ?” “Oh 1” !
replied the other, “I am paying the interest of my ;
bad looks.” This occurrence is stated as true, and
from the customs of the present day, we can ad- j
duce no reason for its denial. There is no doubt
but there are persons who live in this age of en- !
lightenment, who believe a man must dress till the
last penny is spent, if he would Ik* deemed a gen
tleman. Augustus Ciesar wore nothing but what ■
was made in his family and used to say, “That rich
and gay clothing was either the ensign of pride, or
the nurse of luxury.” Burns truthfully says: —
“The gaudy glare of vanity and art;
The polished jewels bkzo
May draw the waml'ring gaze,
And courtly grandeur bright
The fancy may delight,
But never, never can conic near the heart.”
SENECA.
LEAF VIII.
ITome. —There are ao memories so endearing to
the heart as the recollections of home. W itherso
ever we wander, the allurements jmd joys of home
arc never forgotten. Boots have sung of Love and
Fame, and Peace, and War ; but the influences of
their strains depart from the mind, when the lyre
breathes forth in melting melody, the memories of
home. Home is the source w hence we have de
rived those teachings that moulded our mundane
and future destinies, llow* pleasant it is to east a
retrospective thought on home! but oh! what a
sad change there seems, when we place the past
beside the present! We view and wish again those
fond asssociations that once shed their mellifluent
joys upon us; but our wishes are yet unrealized.—
\Ve can remember the congenial smiles, and the
precepts of those parents who now sleep beneath the
soil. We can remember our unity in the hours of
adversity; commingling of prayers at the family
altar; and the blessings from above, we shared at
home. But there the sun of earthly life cannot for
ever shine; and we can remember when death
began to desolate our home. A brother, or a sis
ter, or a father, or mother was cut down by the scythe
of death, as falls the straw before the blade of the
mower. Grief was in our home, but we mourned
together and found a balm for our w ounded hearts
at the household altar; and equally shared the
blessings of heaven. It is a trueism, that none can
appreciate the blessings and unsullied joys of homo,
until they are wanderers from its threshold. There
is no happiness so enduring and no joys so bound
less, as those w ithin the homestead. There is no
spot in the fields of memory, more cherished than
Home; because within its pale are those we cher
ish even next to life itself. What education is there
so eminent and useful as that derived from the lips
of parents ? What hopes are so bright as those
that seemed to have sprung spontaneously with our
being? What sunlight seems so warm as that
which shone upon our early home? Those teach
ings were matchless; those hopes were the bright
est, and the sunshine we greeted there, was the most
geniaj. Home may not be inappropriately termed
the paradise of earth. SENECA.
For the Georgia Citizen.
ART-CRITH'ISM.
THE GREEK SLA VE.
My dear Sir: —l have just received from George
Virtue, of London, a magnificent Steel Engraving
of the Greek Slave, by Hiram Powers, the great
American Sculptor. It is executed in the highest
style of the Art, and is, no doubt, a perfect Eidolon
of the Original. To say that it is beautiful, is only
echoing what lias been said by thousands and tens of
thousands before. The idea of the work was no
doubt suggested by the practice of exposing female
slaves for sale in the Bazaars of Turkey. She is re
presented standing erect, inclining rather to the
right, with one hand resting upon the apex of the
upright portion of the n-destal. A beautiful fring
ed drapery, after the manner of tire modern Greek
style, is twined gracefully around it, and falls down
in rather a careless spread upon the Pedestal, upon
which she stands. Her hands are chained, and her
beautiful face is turned aside, as if to avoid the too
burning gaze of those who had come to scrutinize,
with libertine indifference, the sinful exposure of her
heavenly perfections.
Mr. Bowers, no doubt, had a two-fold object in
\ iew in representing her chained. This he must
have had, as the Turks do not chain their female cap
tives. 1 his object was not only a judicious one, but
it manifests, at the same time, his transcendent ge
nius as an Artist. It was, as it were, to compel her
to place her left hand over the Sanctuary of her di
vine loveliness, (as the Vail protected the Holy of
Holies in the Jewish Temple,) without, at the same
time, betraying any disposition to wish to do so—
which forever closes not only the door of the Tem
ple of her Divinity, but just as completely shuts out
ot the minds of her Auditors any libidinous desire.
1 his, I say, manifests a high conception of the Ar
tist, inasmuch as it shows that he took a higher
view—a loftier step, in the round of the Ladder of
Perfection, than some ot the Greeks, who left many
of their Statues in a state of complete nudity.
It is nothing more than reasonable to suppose
that any female in such a situation would almost in
voluntarily lean against something for support —
particularly when compelled to stand before the ar
dent gaze ot a promiscuous crowd of men —and this
very necessity causes her to bring her chained hands
precisely in such a position, without seeming to do
s o —as will forever hide from exposure her beautiful
loveliness. Ibis he was obliged to do, not only to
compromise his own conceptions of delicacy, but to
express his respect for the delicacy of others. This,
at once, unveils to us one of the objects of the chain,
at the same time that it forever shuts the mouths of
caviling would-be-Amateurs about the utility of it.
There has been a good deal said, of late, about
the sorrowful expression of her countenance, and her
resemblance to the antique; but for the life of me,
I cannot discern any such thing in her face—precise
ly because there is no such thing as sorrow, in the
common acceptation of the term, for her face is just
such a one as was never capable of expressing such
sorrow—for this very reason, tliat it is a purely in
teHectual one, and images forth a soul whose crucifix
ion of exposure is as far above the common Jxdraval
of discontent,as Christ’s countenance, when lie cri
ed out in the agony of his death, upon the Cross, to
the very darkening of the Sun in Heaven, “It is
Finished !” was more divine than the agony ex
pressed in the countenances of Mary and John; and
just as his mortality, in that hour, wits merged into
his Divinity, and elevated into the very bosom of
the Godhead; so is all her agony of physical exposure
swallowed up in the divine radiance of the serene
contemplation of her sublime endurance.
Her face is modeled somewhat after the Antique
—more particularly her nose —but it was not the
object of Powers to sublimate her into the Antique
Conception, but to make her a perfect Model of a nat
ural female, in the glory of her womanly perfections,
unnaturally exposed. The first crucifixion was the
crucifixion of the Son of Mary and of God; this is
| the representation of the dying on the Cross of
I more than savage brutality, the Heaven-revealing
soul of the Virgin Innocence. The “Sun puts on
sackcloth, and the Moon turns to blood” at the sight
of such a desecration !
Just in proportion as Powers has represented
her as a perfect Woman, just in that proportion
j has he fallen short of the Antique Ideality; and this
is my objection to the Statue —for, amid all hismi
j uor objects, he must have had some Major one in
view—namely, the creation of a Model of perfect
! and sinless Beauty. Because the Ultima Thule—
-1 the To Kulon of the true Genius is the Creation of
Beauty. By this Ido not mean that there is no
! such thing in Nature as our Ideal; but that he has
I not represented it in this Statue. The representa
j tion of the sinless Image of the Beautiful Body of
| God exposed, as merchandise, in a Turkish Bazaar
1 for sale, is a lofty Theme* and worthy the admira
tion of the Angels in Heaven. But is this Statue
• such a thing ? t This is the question. From the
beautiful body now before me, nailed upon the Cross
of the ingratitude of human cupidity, I cannot sav
that it is. In the first place she lias not the intel
lect of the'Virgin Mary—which she ought to have
t in order to represent a virgin daughter of the Moth
er of God. She has not a beautiful ear. Her
mouth, as I have before said, does not express sor
row*, but lofty and serene contemplation, as it is too
much like Apollo’s Bow to express any thing but
archness. Her bust is not full enough for the
height of her body. Her right shoulder should be
more elevated, as it is impossible for her to lean with
her right hand on the support, without elevating it.
Thor o is too much rigidity in the abdominal mus
cles, particularly those of the epigastric region, for !
a woman, as they are always, in females, enveloped
in a beautiful covering of cellular substance. lie
either made use of a faulty Model, or has abused
his know ledge of Anatomy in the formation of the
knee-joint—for a perfect Beauty is not bowlegged,
as this Statue tends to he. But the greatest fault
is in the feet. The tarsal and metatarsal bones are
entirely too large for the size of the ancle—that is,
to represent the beautiful. Powers might have
consulted the Antique, or even Flaxmon’s Designs,
to great advantage here. Her limbs, in many re
spects, are tar from perfect, and infinitely inferior to
a known living model. Her hands are beautiful. —
I he muscles of her leg are inserted too high up in
1 the thigh-bone for Beauty. The oval contour of
her thighs and arms is very beautiful. Taking the
Statue in every respect, it is a beautiful creation, and
worthy of the genius of Powers.
But it, may be objected to this Criticism, that
powers did not ish to make a Venus. Nobody
ever wanted him to make a Venus—all we want’s
this, something very far above what we ean see in
every-day life—a perfect marriage of the Actual
with the Ideal, or just nothing at all—a serene
Apocalypse of the bright New Moon of the New
Heavens and the New Earth. Any thing short of
Sll ©I©E ©I M. © I SIS sf! o
tills is labor thrown away —for there will come a
Day when the souls of men will thirst after the en
joyment of such a Vision of Liveliness as the parch
ed Heart for the cooling water-brook.
It cannot be said that the mere representation of
a Slave for the Turkish Market could have been his
sole object. This was only the under current of his
Thesis of the Beautiful. The indignation excited in
the mind by witnessing the crucifixion of Christ
would be very far different from that of seeing an
ordinary man hung. So, the indignation excited in
a Christian Community by witnessing the beautiful
Body of Heaven exposed in a Turkish Bazaar for
sale, would be far different from seeing a Negro put
upon the block. If this be the fact, then I hold
that he should have Idealized the Human—merged
the mortal into the Angel —just as Christ, at his
glorification, put off his mother to put on God, and,
by so doing, moved the Heavens and the earth.
Yours, very truly,
THUS. 11. CIIIYERS.
From the Savannah Morning News.
Report of the Compromise Committee.
Admission of California—Fugitive Slaves—Abolition of
the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia , ipc.
Mr. Clay, chairman of the committee of thirteen, submit
ted his report to the Senate on Wednesday. It is quite a
lengthy document but the views and recommendations con
tained in it, are embraced in the following recapitulation :
1. The admission of any new State or States formed out of
Texas to be postponed until they shall hereafter present them
selves to be received into the Union, when it will he the
duty of Congress fairly and faithfully to execute the .compact
with Texas by admitting such new State or States.
2. The admission forthwith of California into the Union
with the boundaries which she has proposed.
3. The establishment of Territorial Governments without
the YY’ilmot Proviso, for New Mexico and Utah, embracing
all the territory recently acquired by the United States from
Mexico not contained in the boundaries of California.
4. The combination of these two last-mentioned measures
in the same bill.
5. The establishment of the western and northern bounda
ry of Texas, and the exclusion from her jurisdiction of all New
Mexico, with the grant to Texas of a pecuniary equivalent;
and the section for that purpose to be incorporated in the bill
admitting California and establishing Territorial Governments
for Utah and New Mexico.
6. More effectual enactments of law to secure the prompt
delivery of persons bound to service or labor in one State,
under the laws thereof, who escape into another State.
7. And abstaining from abolishing slavery ; but, under a
heavy penalty, prohititing the slave trade in the District of
Columbia.
The report concludes with the following remarks :
If such of these several measures as require legislation
should be carried out by suitable acts of Congress, all con
troversies to which our late territorial acquisitions have given
rise, and all existing questions connected with the institu
tion of slavery, whether resulting from those acquisitions or
from its existence in the States and the District of Columbia,
will he amicably settled and adjusted, hi a manner, it is con
fidently believed, to give general satisfaction to an over
whelming majority of the people of the United States. Con
gress will have fulfilled its whole duty in regard to the vast
country, which having been ceded by Mexico to the United
States, has fallen under their dominion. It will have extend
ed to it protection, provided for its several parts the inesti
mable blessing of free and regular government adapted to
their various wants, and placed the whole under the banner
and tlag of the United States. Meeting courageously its
clear and entire duty, Congress will escape the unmerited re
proach of having, from considerations of doubtful policy, |
abandoned to an undeserved fate territories of boundless ex- i
tent, with a sparse, incongruous, and alien, if not unfriendly, I
population, speaking different languages, and accustomed
to different laws, whilst that population is making irresistible
appeals to the new sovereignty to which they have been
transferred for protection, for government, for law, and fir
order.
“The committee have endeavored to present to the Sen
ate a comprehensive plan of adjustment, which, removing
all causes of existing excitement and agitation, leaves none’
open to divide the country and disturb the general harmony.
The nation lias been greatly convulsed, not by measures of
general policy, but by questions of a sectional character, and,
therefore, more dangerous and more to be deprecated. It
wants repose, ft loves and cherishes the Union. And it
is most cheering and gratifying to witness the outbursts of
deep and abiding attachment to it which have been exhibited
in all parts of it, amidst all the trials through which we have
passed and arc passing. A people so patriotic as those of the
United States will rejoice in an accommodation of all troubles
and difficulties by which the safety of the Union might have
been brought into the least danger. And, under the bles
sings of that Providenco who, amid all vicissitudes, has never
ceased to extend to them His protecting care, His smiles, and
ilis blessings, they will continue to advance in population,
power, and prosperity, and work out triunqEantly the glo
rious problem of man's capacity for self government.”
The committee reported the necessary bills to carry out
their views. The first one is a bill to admit California as a
State into the Union, to establish Territorial Governments
for Utah and New Mexico, and making proposals to Texas
for the establishment of her western and northern boundaries.
This bill contains, in all, thirty-nine sections, many of them
being devoted to defining the officers, Executive, Legislative,
and Judicial, of the respective Territories, and describing
their duties. The following is so much of this bill as pro
vides for the admission of California:
“YY hereas the people of California have presented a Con
stitution ami asked admission into the Union, which Consti
tution was submitted to Congress by the President of the
United States, by message, dated February 13th, eighteen
hundred and fifty, and which, on due examination, is found
to be Republican in its form of government:
Be it enacted <j c., That the State of California shall be
one, and is hereby declared to he one of the United States
of America, and ndmited into the Union on an equal footing
with the original States in nil respects whatever.
See. 2. And be it further enacted, That until the Repre
sentatives in Congress shall be apportioned according to an
actual enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States,
tlio State of California shall be entitled to two representatives
in Congress.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted , That the said State of
California is admitted into the Union upon the express
condition that the people of said State, through their Legis
lature or otherwise, shall never interfere with the primary
disposal of public lands within its limits, and shall pass no law
ami do no act whereby the title of the United States to, and
right to dispose of the same shall be impaired or questioned;
and that they shall never lay any tax or assessment of any
description whatsoever upon the public domain of the United
States; and in no ease shall nonresident proprietors, who are
citizens of the l nited States, be taxed higher than residents;
and that all the navigable waters within the said State, shall
be common highways, and forever free, as well to the inhabit
! ants of State as to the citizens of the United States, with
out any tax, impost, or duty, therefor: Provided , That
nothing herein contained shall be construed as recognizing
or rejecting the propositions tendered by the people of Cali
fornia as articles of compact in the ordinance adopted by the
Convention which formed the constitution of that State.
See. 4. Andbe.it further enacted , That all laws of the
l nited States which are not locally inapplicable shall have
the same force and effect within the said State of California
as elsewhere in the United States.”
The Committee report, as an additional section to the Cali
fornia and Territorial bill, a provision determining the bounda
ries of New Mexico and Texas as follows :
“ The boundaries of Texas shall be the Rio Grande, up to
a point 20 miles north of El Paso Del Norte— thence the
line shall run due north along the one hundredth parallel of
longitude till it strikes the Red River ; and this line of longi
tude shall be the eastern boundary of New Mexico. This line
includes within New Mexico, the town of Santa Fe and a
large portion of the disputed territory, for which the bill pro
poses to pay millions of dollars in stocks, at half yearly
interest, the principal to be [slid at the end of fourteen years.
It is supposed that the sum agreed upon will be from six to ten
millions.
“7Ae Territory of Utah is erected into a temporary gov
ernment, with the following boundaries: bounded on the
west by the State of California, on the north by the Territory
of Oregon, and on the east and south hy the dividing ridge
which separates the waters flowing into the great basin from
those flowing into the Colorado river and the gulf of California.
“Territoryof New Mexico. —All that portion of the ter-,
ritory of the United States acquired from Mexico by the
I treaty concluded February second, one thousand eight hun
dred and forty-eight, and not included within the limits of the
State of California, nor within the limits of the territory of
Utah, is erected into a temporary government by the name
of the Territory of New Mexico.
“ All the laws of the United States, not inapplicable are to
have effect in each of those territories, and they are to have
the same rights and privileges as other territories of the Uni
ted States.
“Fugitive Slaves.—lt is proposed that when a slave es
capes from labor in any State or Territory the owner, agent,
&c., may apply to any court of record therein, which being
furnished with the proof, and a general description of such
absconding slave, shall cause a record to be made of the tacts ;
which record properly authenticated, produced in any State
or Territory where such slave shall be found, and exhibited
to any Judge or other officer authorized to deliver up fugitive
slaves, shall be sufficient evidence to cause said absconding
slave to be delivered up, and any Judge, Ac., to which such
record shall be exbibted shall grant the claimant a certitioate
of his right to seize, arrest and transport such slave to the
State or Territory from which he escaped. Should the slave,
j however, allege he is free, the elaimaint Is to enter into a bond
I of $ 1,000, to permit him to have a jury trial to determine
his freedom, in the State from which he escaped, at the meet
ing of the first competent tribunal thereafter.”
Slave Trade in the District of Columbia.—-The follow
ing sections of the bill relate to the slave trade in the District
of Columbia:
“Be it enacted, sc. } That from and after the ‘ day of
next, it shall not be lawful to bi ing into the District of
Columbia, any slave whatever for the purpose of being sold,
or for the purpose of being placed in depot, to be subsequently
transported to any other State or place. And if any slave
shall be brought into said District by its owner, or by the
authority or consent of its owner, contrary to the provisions
of this act, such slave shall thereupon become liberated and
free.
Sec. 2. Aitd be it. farther enacted, That it shall and may
be lawful for each of the Corporations of the cities of Wash
ington and Georgetown, from time to time, and as often as
may be necessary, to abate, break up, and abolish any depot
or place of confinement of slaves brought into the said District
as merchandise, contrary to the provisions of this act, by
such appropriate means as may appear to either of the said
Corporations, expedient and proper. And the some power
is hereby vested in the County Court of Washington, if any
attempt shall be made witliin its limits to establish a depot or
place of confinement for slaves brought into the said District
as merchandise, for sale, contrary to this act.”
Corrwpiitim
LLTITIt from COLIhUBIS.
Columbus, May 11,1850.
Dll. L. F. W. Andrews : Dear Doctor —To-day being un
usually dull, l have concluded to devote a few leisure moments
in giving you an account of passing events. Columbus presents,
at this time, an unusually dull appearance, owing to the pres
sure of business, with the Farmers, which prevents them
from visiting our city and purchasing their spring supplies,
j They complain a vast deal of the injury done them, hy the
j late heavy rains, which I am glad to say have ceased, as now
! we have fine spring weather.
j Your paper is as eagerly looked for here, no\V, as the Dem
j oorat was formerly, and if there is as great a rush made in
i your city, for the Citizen, on publication days, as used to be
j for the Democrat, you certainly cannot have much trouble in
distributing to your city subscribers. I regret to say that, we
have many persons in tliis place, who continue to read your
paper without paying for it. They make it their business as
regularly as your paper comes, to walk into their neighbors’ j
houses, who subscribe for it like honest men, and pilfer from 1
them what they pay for. And these are the very persons,
who, while they read it, do not fail to abuse it. I should like
to be even as fortunate as some of your subscribers, who, ‘‘Ar
gus” says, get their papers back torn into shreds.
We w ere a little surprised, some few days since, by the re
turn of two of the California Boys. Their purpose is suppos
ed to be, and in fact there is no doubt of it, that they will en
gage in the Cuba expedition, which is the all-absorbing topic
here at this time. I should judge, from the present state of
affairs, that there is a probability of a considerable muss be
ing kicked up before it is done with.
Quite an amusing case was brought up before Justice Quinn
a few days since. A certain Lady down town, of not a very
enviable reputation for mnrulitySnd virtue, bad her Paramour
arrested for passing upon her a Twenty wh’.eh was not
‘‘sound.” Ido not know what disposition his honor made ol
the affair, though I suppose the matter was settled honorably
for all parties concerned.
I think a warning given them, will probably be of some ben
efit to the young Burks , who are in the habit of attending
dancing parties, which are frequently given in this place. I
know of several who invariably go to these places as mellow
with punches, as an old toper at forty, with their half pints
aboard, and to finish off decently, come out the next morning
boasting which was the tightest. I think it Mamas were
aware of this indecent and ungentlemanly conduct on the part
of their daughters’ beaux, tin y would be more particular with
whom they suffered them to associate. I hope this will be a
sufficient hint for the young gentlemen in future, to enter a
Ball-room as gentlemen should, and not like a parcel of row
dies at a com shucking.
The Nashville Convention has died a natural death. Those
whole-souled patriots who a few weeks since were wrought
up to such a pitch of resentment to Northern aggression, and
threatened to dissever the Union, whether or not, with the ex
ception of a few, have become ns cool as cucumbers. The
few remaining, I think will soon blow off’ the dogs—quit the
chase, shout another humbug and follow it with about as much
success. Yours, &c. A LOOKER ON.
from GRIFFIN, Cia.
Griffin, May 9th. 1850.
Mu. Editor. —A little further dascription of our place.—
Our population I should think will numbsr 3,000, including :
all sorts and sizes.
We have 7 Medical Doctors in our place; 2 Steam or
Thompsonians; 1 Root or German Doctor. W e have 6
practicing Lawyers and the Judge of the Flint Circuit.
7 Warehouses; fi retail Liquor shops, one of which also
sells hy the wholesale; Mr. Fierce, on N. O. street.
PREACHERS :
3 Missionary Baptists, and 2 Primitive; 2 Methodist Epis
copal; 2 Presbyterian.
churches:
1 Methodist Episcopal; 1 Missionary Baptist; 1 Presbyte
rian; and 1 Christian Church.. —Summary 4.
schools:
Morrow, Female, SO students; Hilsman & Williams, 90,
Male students; Miss Clisby, Female, 30 students; Matthcr,
Male, 30 students; Miss Goodrich, 33 students, (mixed.)—
Summary, 265 students.
SUNDAY SCHOOLS:
1 Methodist Episcopal, 120 scholars; 1 Missionary Baptist,
125 scholars; 1 Presbyterian, 80.—Summary, 325.
1 Masonic Hall; 2 Divisions Sons of Temperance; 1 Divis
ion Daughters of Temperance; 1 Division Rising Sons of
Temperance; 1 Odd Fellows Lodge; 2 Billiard Rooms; 2 Mil
liner Shops; 2 Carriage making Shops; 1 Blacksmith’s Shops;
1 Gunsmith’s Shop; 2 Tan Yards; 1 Iron Foundry; 3 Ta
verns, and some Private Boarding Houses: 3 Livery Stables;
2 Cabinet Workshops; 1 Wool Carding Factory; 2 Printing
Offices; 3 Shoe Shops; 4 Tailors’ Shops; 1 regular Book-
Store; 1 Auction Room, regular by City J-aws; 1 very fine
Market House; 3 Bank Agencies, and 2 Agencies of Insu
rance, both Mutual, one on Life only, the other on Life and
Property; 2 Jewelry Shops; 1 Tin Shop; 1 Hatters Shop;
2 Candy Making Establishments; 2 Merchant Taylors; 1
Wholesale Grocery; 34 or 35 regular Cotton Buyers; 1 Fur
niture Store; 2 Carriage Repositories; 1 Drug Store; 1 Cabi
net Maker's Shop; 1 Barber's Shop; 1 Telgraph Office, line
from Macon to Atlanta; 1 Daguerreotype office; 2 Saddlery
Shops and Harness Makers; and 10 Dry Goods Stores; divi
ded as follows:—13 on New Orleans street, all but one of
these keep mixed stock:-, i. e. Groceries, Crockery, Hard-
ware and Dry Goods; one keeps all Dry Goods—ll on
Broadway; 10 on Hill street; and 1 on Solomon street.
So much is a short history of Griffin, which I obtain by
. passing along. Will you give it a place in the Georgia Citi
zen, and thereby oblige one of vour friends. P. B. C.
Griffin, May 12th, ISSO.
Dear Doctor : —I am in duty bound to mention to you 0
rare case of excitement in our midst. A man by the name
of Whitehead, who, by the way, had once on a time been a
widower, and changed his position by marrying his former
wife’s sister, who also, by the way, was a widow; Whitehead
and (the widow,) his present wife, both had been so fortunate
in life as to be sole parents of several children. Now, they
become all one family, and it might have been supposed that
perfect harmony would have prevailed, not only as between
husband and wife, but between the children (cousins) and un
cle and aunt. But however well founded our calculations may
at first sight seem to be, yet our fondest hopes and most san
guine expectations are liable suddenly to be thwarted. So in
this case, if sueli hopes bad been entertained. But to come
more closely to the point : Whitehead had let his eldest son
go as sort of apprentice to a saddler and harness maker, in
this place; the boy was about 12 or 14 years of age, and pro
gressing well: but a difficulty between himself and oldest
cousin, or son of bis new mother, (formerly .■nmt,) happened
to break out, when the latter made an appeal to his mother
that his cousin ought to be whipped; whereupon, (the tale is)
the mother complained toiler husband, who to accommodate
his wife, come about a mile to town and invited his son out
with him, and having gone so far as to be out of the immedi
ate neighborhood of any houses on the road, he chastised his
son with some severity. This happened a week ago hist Fri
day; the son was taken sick one or two days after, and con
tinued rather lingering; sometimes up and sometimes not, un
til he was fatally attacked. lie died op last Saturday night.
To-day, rumor had it, that the son had died of the whipping
received from the father; whereupon the Coroner called
twelve men, good and true, with physicians, who this day
made a regular examination, and upon all the evidence, af
ter dissection of the head and entrails, by the Physicians, Ac.
Ac. it was decided by the Jury that the child died of worms ;
it being found that this animal was quite numerous and well
grown in the body, although many bruises remained from the
whipping received eight days before the poor boy’s death, yet
these were not deemed, in the presence of such a multitude
of worms, sufficient to have caused his death. I cannot say
but the verdict would have been otherwise had the worms
been less numerous. Iu this ease, 1 tell you the excitement
was considerable—alltlie city appeared to feci an interest; but
since the verdict quiet has been restored and all appear to be
statisfied. So much for the benefit, beauty, and advantage of
speedy examinations in such cases. I have but little doubt
but aside from this examination, the evidence would have been
amply sufficient to have obtained a true bill of indictment
against Whitehead; but as it stands now, all is peace.
Your friend, TROCHANTER.
LETTER from FAYETTITILLE, Ga.
Fayetteville, G a., May Sth, 1850.
Mr. Editor:—As I have heretofore been negligent about
the interest of the Georgia Citizen, you will not, I hope, dis
courage me at this stage of the proceeding, because I am wil
ling now to help a little, that is, contribute a mite. Well here
goes: So in the course of human events, when it becomes
necessary for a free people to travel to see the country, or to
protect their own rights, or to send delegates to the famous
contemplated Nashville Convention to dissolve the Union
peaceably, and before the abolitionists have time to think, be
apart. I say, whenever it is necessary to travel for either of
these objects, or any other, the weary traveller may want to
find someplace where he can lay himself down to rest, and
where lie can obtain something to satisfy the cravings of a
hungry stomach, Ac. Ac. Now, Sir, the object of this line is
to inform tile Georgia Citizen, whenever lie may desire com
fort and rest, to call at the Tavern now occupied by Mr. Al
mond Stratton, of the above place, and ho will find himself
j along with his friends and well treated. Every tiling to eat
I or drink that the country affords, (i mean the vicinity,) well
served up in Georgia style. And, let me add, that should a
Yankee have occasion to sell or repair a clock in tluit vicinity,
lie can find out, by calling, tluit bis host is not altogether ig
norant oftheyankee style of serving things up; and let him
come from what country or land he may, if he conducts hit 11-
si If with propriety, he will find the land-lady agreeable, atten
tive to her business, and kind to the distressed. So much for
a Tavern in Fayetteville, Ga. As I am informed this has
not always been the case in the aforesaid village of Fayette
county. It is proper that the Tavern keepers of this place
should show a good example: because the county and town
were both named iu honor of a good man—a man that did
much service for the friends of liberty, and for the cause of
freedom. Aye, much of his time, talent, strength and money,
were spent in behalf of the distressed, and those in actual need.
Will it offend the Georgia Citizen for me to write his name ?
Offend it may! those who seek to tear down the present bul
wark of freedom which he helped to cst iblish, by stealth, by the
power of conventions, who have no polar star to guide them,
in their deliberations on the subject of a Southern Confedera
cy and peaceable secession of the Southern States from the
Northern. Well then, let it offend all such, if it must. Bat
here I will write his name, leaving off my own and putting
his in the place :
GILBERT MOTIER LAFAYETTE.
And here’s a motto to him written in 1776:
“W E LCOME LA FA YF.TTE.”
‘“The fathers in glory shall sleep,
Who gathered with thee to the fight;
But the sons will eternally keep
The tablet of gratitude bright.
We bow not the neck,
And wc bend not the knee,
But our hearts Lafayette,
We surrender to thee.”
Note.— When I have occasion to travel in that direction
again, I shall call at Almond Stratton’s. TRAVELLER.
LETTER from AUGUSTA.
Augusta City, May 11, 1850.
Dear Doctor :—During tbo past week our city has been
exceedingly quiet. Nothing has transpired to mar the peace
ami good order of our society. There has been quite an ac
tive business done among our merchants. All along our
wharves is to bo heard the busy hum of human industry, our
many Steam Boats discharging merchandise and in their turn
receiving the great staple of the South, lor transportation to
Savannah, thence to all the markets of the known and civili
zed world.
Many of our citizens are preparing to move out to the ad
jacent Sand Hills and take up their summer residences, while
others are leaving for the up country, to spend the warm
months a\ the various watering places, which are to be found
in that region of country. Another class, principally mer
chants and men of business, are on their way to the more
northern Suites of the Union and to Europe, on business and
in search of pleasure.
The Dog war of 1850 has commenced in earnest in our
city. The dog killers are carrying terror and dismay to the
heart of many an old eur. The city Marshal's first assistant
has been appointed Dog Kilicr General to his majesty, and
there are troublesome times among the barking tribe.
Our city authorities are making considerable improvements
in and around our city, in the way of opening new streets and j
improving those already opened. The building of bridges ;
and opening of drains, are receiving that attention which is
due them. Our water works are being enlarged to supply
the increased demand from our increasing community, lhe
water, you are aware, is brought from the sand hills, a distance
of three miles from the city, in logs laid some 2 1-2 teet b. -
low the surface of the earth, and is supplied by a copious
spring, called Turk:nett spring, at the foot ol the sand hills.
The Baptist society is getting up quite an excitement at
their church. The Rev. Mr. Kendrick, from Charleston, has
been holding forth the last week, and lias made quite a stir :
among sinners as well as saints. I sincerely wish lie may
succeed in hi* undertaking. 1 should suppose it would take
about twenty such revivals to prevent the great cock fight,
which is to come off next week on our race course. Eaeli
party in the contest is to show twenty-one cocks, which is
considerably more than can be shown in the shape of preach
ers. The people are in force at the church listening to the
great truths of Revelation; so on the other hand, they will be
ready to stake their funds upon the result of a chicken picking.
The subject of Plank Roads is now exciting our people oon*
| siderably. The Geo. Rail Road have agreed to aid and assist
in building a Plank Road from some point on their road to
Washington, Wilke* county. A company in Carolina pro
p<se building a Plank road from the Savannah river up
through Abbeville District, and connect with Augusta by •
bridge. Mr. Conner, President of the South Carolina Rail
Road Cos. is in town, endeavoring to make arrangements to
J cross the river with their roads and depots. We shall resist
such a move believing it to be injurious to the interest of the
city as well as the State. Respectfully, yours,
RICHMOND.
LETTER from COLIHBIB.
Columbus. May 11, 1850.
My Dear “ Citizen ” —A temporary absence west of the
Chattahoochee, has caused a link or two in the cliain of my
correspondence with your Journal to be severed, but! appre
hend without much loss to your readers, as my place, I ob
serve, has been well supplied by “ Argus” and other sharp
eyed scribes from this comer of tho “vineyard” as the spirit
ual teachers of other days, when they were wont, ofteuer tliaii
now,to “look upon the wine when it is red” would call it. I ha\ 0
therefore but little to do, at present, but to keep you posted
as to passing events, those which are already matters of histo
ry, having been duly recorded, read and inwardly digested,
I hope, to the satisfaction of all concerned.
You were doubtless surprised on hearing of the new start
which your old ootemporary, the “ Columbus Time*” recent
ly took in the way of newspaper publication. How the expe
riment of tri-weekly will succeed in this city is yet a problem
Q- k- D. as the logicians say. The season is the dullest of
the year, and business men care but little about advertising
without corresponding advantage. This of itself make* the
enterpi i/e a hazardous one, and when we further consider
tluit the weekly blanket sheet was political more than com
mercial, and rather leaden in its editorial department, w© call
hardly anticipate that a tri-weekly, in the same bands, w ill bo
much ot a speculation to th cdozen owne rs interested in the
concern. However, the now arrangement may be a “God
send ’ to this community, as the former mammoth supply of
political flummery will be divided into tri-weekly parts and eftii
therefore betaken without so much danger of an intellectual
dyspepsia!
\ our successor too, is taking huge strides in the same race
of improvement. Jle intends to issue a daily .Sentinel, if he
can get sufficient subscribers to the project. This he may do,
as no has ample means at his control and has gone into tho
business more as a stepping stone to public notoriety and fame
tli.m for the profit ot tlie thing. And for one, I must say
that lie docs well in his new calling considering his experience
and youthful character.
Nothing yet lias been heard from the prisoners, Phelan
and Brown and J. 11. Tolar, who broke jail recently. Some
have wondered tb.it “Beau Martin” and Evans did not “cut
and run ’ at the same time, being confined, as they both are,
oil a charge of murder. The fret ,as I learn, are those: Ev
ans was confined in another room from that tlirougli w hich or
from which the prison, re camped, ami Martin’s cor porosity
was to * great to admit of his creeping out at the same aper
ture. I don t know that he tried, but shouldn't wonder if ho
did, and that he will rue the day that bedid not protit bv the
occasion afforded liirn ot giving “leg bad.’’ Go w Inn* lio
will, however, he ennnot escape from the ghostly apparition
of po- r Duffie, that is, on the supposition that the latter came
to Ins death by Martin's hands. 1 would not prejudge his
ease, however, being pcfectly willing luit he s! a 1 hate tLe
benefit of that legal supposition which “presumes a man to
be innocent uutd proven to be guilty - ’of cruiu .
1 lie Superior court of Muscogee will commence its ses
sion, on Monday next, with an unusually heavy criminal and
civil calender, notwith-tnndiug the escape of the three pris
oners before mentioned. There are 110 less than three ease#
of killing, one of them, as charged, by a mere lad of fifWen
or sixteen years of ago, at a Christmas eve froiiek. Much
sympathy is tell lor Mr. Bentley, the worthy father of the
youth, ou whom this great affliction has fallen with such
stunning effect. May the dreadful example not be lost ujx>u
heads of families who permit their sons to mingle up in the
seenesof bacclmuahan fe*th itie*, no matter where the place
or what the occasion.
The fellow •‘Smith” whom your correspondent “Argtus”
noticed as having vamosed from Girard, lam Informed, once
lived in your city, and has a wife now living there. She is
probably well rid of the scamp.
Our community has jnst been called to mourn the lose of
another of its Pastors, in the demise of the I’ev. Dr. Cairns,
Rector of Trinity (Episcopal) church of this city for about 15
years past. His health has been gradually failing for some
months, until Wednesday evening last, when bis spirit de
parted. The usual testimonials ofresqieet will doubtless be
paid to his memory. Dr. C. was a gentleman of fine talent*
aid great decision of character. II is energy ha* been “well
exemplified in the upbuilding of a respectable society in (Jo
in, nous from literally nothing, not a single male* communicant
1 laving been enrolled in the church book when he took charge
of it. The masonic fraternity have, also, bv hs dee. a-<, kst
a worthy member of the “mystic tie,” who, like the lamented
Hr. Gould ing, was not ashamed of bis connection with the
honorable fraternity. Truly yours, CATO.
Female Editors.
“There are six new? papers in the United State* edited by
ladies, viz:
Pittsburg \ isitor, Mrs. Swishclin.
Windham county Democrat, (Vt.) Mrs. C. J. U. Nichols.
Tlie Lancaster Gazette, (l’a.) Mrs. Pierson.
The 3 azoo Whig, Mrs. Horn.
The Mountain Bough, Mrs. Prcwett.
All the above papers are edited with ability and in a man
ner that reflects honor upon the female sex.”— Pctfingill's
Reporter.
Well, tluit is what might be considered giving the cold
shoulder to more than one of the papers which are- “edited
with ability” by ladi s. We have waited a week or two
hoping tluit the Editress of the Visitor would take the Re
porter man to task, but since she is not inclined to “ blow
her own trumpet,” we have resolved to give the recreant
brother a blast or tw< .
Just as if Mrs. Nichols, with her abolition scandal and
aspirations for aeee-ss to the Ixillot box—or Mrs. Swishelin,
; with her tigerocious independence, and bold struggling for
newspaper fame—or the less ostentations conductors of the
other four journals, were tlie only female editors in America
worth mentioning. Why man, you will have a dozen whom
you have omitted, after you with as many broomsticks, if you
jdo not make the amende. There Ls Miss Chappe 11, of the
Mountain Bugle, Nebraska, who, when she sees with what
cold contempt you view her enterprising literary spirit, will
play a tune, the echoes of which, as they reverberate down
through the glaciers and mountain passes of that polar re
gion, will give you an ague fit. The Editress of the Family
j •Journal, too, will be Riley about it, and Mrs. Howe, of tho
Pine Knot, doubtless thinks yon ought not to treat her so.
Our Editress considers it decidedly a Barber- ous neglect on
your part.— Madison Family I isitor.
From California:
By the arrival at New’ York of the steamers Empire City,
; Georgia, and Cherokee, San Francisco dates to tlie Ist of
j April have been received.
The Georgia brings 1-16 passingers. and $871,T00 in gold..
! Tlie Empire City, ou iier passage from Chagrcs, met with an
accident, by which she was deprived of the use of one of her
paddle-wheels, and by which her arrival was considerably de
layed.
The Cherokee brought 1,681,580 in gold dust.
An Act to incur;* irate the city of Ban Francisco has pas
sed the Senate.
Niue district Judges had been elected, and their Salaries
fixed at $7,5 X) .per annum.
Business of every description has been very dull this
month. The long looked for crisis seems to have arrived.—
Merchandise of every kind is unsaleable- at anything like iair
rates. At auction, enormous sacrifices have been made.—
Lumber, which three months ago brought S3OO to 350 easily,
has been sold ashore at $-10 per M.
Rents also continued to be very high, $1 per month per
square foot of floor, being about one price, or .S2OO per month
fer a room 10 ft. by 20.
The appearance of San Francisco, is constantly changing.
New buildings are springing up in every direction, many par
ties taking advantage of the low price of lumber and building
materials.
