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VOL. I. Yus ssmbia %Tmm ■ published, every Friday morning, in Macon, Ga. on the follow. CONDITIONS : Ts paid strictly in adcance - - S3 50 per annum If not so paid - - - *3 00 “ “ Legal Advertisements will be made to conform to the following pro- Isions of the Statute: — Sates of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Administrators and Guard ans, are required by law to be advertised in a public gazette, sixty days previous to the day of sale. Tin sc sales must be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between he hoars of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court House in the county in which the property is situated. The sales of Personal Property must be advertised in like manner for ty da vs. Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published fony days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land and Negroes, must be published weekly for four months. Citations or Letters of Administration must be published thirty days for Dismission from Administration, mouUl/y, six months —for Dis •mission from Guardianship, forty days. tiu.es for foreclosure of mortgage, must be published ■mrmthJy.for four months—(or establishing lost papers, for the futl space of three months for c impelling titles from Executors or Administrators where .* bond has been /.veil bv the deceased, the full space of three months. Professional and Business Cakes, inserted, according to the follow ing scale : For-l lines or less per annum - - $5 80 in advance. “ 0 lines “ “ “ - - 7 00 “ “ u JO “ - $lO 00 “ “ r-y Transient Advertisements will be charged sl, per square of 12 tines or less, for the first and 50 .-ts. for each subsequent insertion.— On these rates there will be a deduct! ui of 30 percent, on settlement, wher advertisements are continued 3 months, without alteration. JIT All Letters except those containing remittances must be post paid or free. Postmasters and others who will act as Agents for the “Citizen” may retain 30 percent, for their trouble, on ail ccsh subscriptions for warded. OFFICE on Mulberry .street, East of the Floyd House and near the Market. From the Hartford Times. The Jenny Lind Sons?. It is understood that thu committee, appointed by Mr. Bar naul to award a prize of two hundred dollars for the best ‘ “ national song of welcome,’’ to be sung by Jenny Lind on her arrival in this country, have decided in favor of the fol lowing—the MS. of which, we have been permitted to look at in advance. It will be seen that it comprehends, in its character of a national song, nearly all tins dialects spoken by our mixed population. Jenny Lind National Sons,'. I'se von eggsputelien Deutsches l’rau, Nix comerous gult blaat wehgle ! Vous eutes mieux croire je suis une des filles, Et Bantum est un bon espiegle ! Rouse spulterbudkens toelitU ein, lint Burns mit “ houghmagandie”— But I’se der petter peoplesh find In Yankee Doodle Dandy ! Le diable est a payer dans Europe, They take les rois par cul do culottes ! Mais here, les Yankees do as they pleaso, They fight or work, they sing or sneeze. I likes dor Yankees petter ash any, They shell out der money so handy; Unt if I couhii/t any longer be Je.nnv, I’d be a Yankee Doodle dandy. Dix mille l’argent ehaque nuit —• Vat free and happy Yankees 1 Ah 1 moi et Barnuin aller snucks , Without so much as “ tliankye’s!” I’se read a pile of Deutsches books, Unt I’Anglais “ Tristram Shandies But jamais learned before what fools Were Yankee Doodle Dandies! To Who! to Who! The following from a south-western newspaper, is the most ingenious newspaper dun, that has ever fallen under our no tice. ’Twas on a cold autumnal night, A dismal one to view ; Dark clouds obscured fair Venus’ light, And not a star appeared in sight, As the thick forest through Muggins —as usual—“ blue,” Beat homeward, “ tacking” left and right, When all at once he “ brought up’’ right Against an old dead yew ; At which he “ rounded to,” And “ squaring off” as if to fight, Said with an oath I shan’t indite, “ Infernal scoundrel you ! Light—an’ i’ll lick you, black or white!” Just then above him flew An Owl, which on a branch did light, A few feet o’er the boozy wight, And then commenced “ To who —- , Tu-whoo—Tu-wno— Tu-whoo !” Quoth Muggins —“ Don't you think to fright A fellow of my weight and height With your Teh Wiioo-ter whoo, You cursed bugaboo! .An’ if you're Belzebub, it's quite On-nec ‘<sary you should “light—- For Muggins ain't your ‘due For money matters are all right ! The Printer's paid up—honor briuiit! ’ Thereat the owl withdrew ; And Muggins mizzled too. But there are other chaps who might JJe cousin out late some dismal night •, h bo haven't paid what's due ! They know — to who — to who ! jHiordlnnij. Death of Bishop Bascom. announce with great regret the deathot Bishop Ilen- T ANARUS! B. Bascom, one of the Bishops of the Methodist hpiscopal Smith, who died on Sunday last, at the residence of Rev. Mr. Stevenson, in Louisville, Kv., where he had been ’ lon 3 time ill. Bishop Bascom's illness arose from a billious fever caught Missouri sometime since, whilo on Ins hist tour ot duty in office of Bishop. , l!l *hop Bascom's place in the Church South cannot be easi *-r filled. ll e waa a nian of great energy, of great talents, ol f r "atfearlessness, and, in the matter of the church difficulty b - tw **n the North and South, having taken sides with the b -' ul h. he stood forth her admitted leader. The celebrated the subject setting forth the grounds which the ’ ‘ttfch meant to maintain in the premises, was from the pen of B;4l0 P Bascom, and was full of point, argument, and ener -Betic Reclamation. Bishop Bascoin was also editor of the Review, which was Published under the auspices of the Methodist Church in the ts h and he contributed many powerful articles to it. But it 118 as a pulpit orator Bishop Bascom shone. His style as a Hl -‘ r was too stilly and too ornate —it wanted case and natu- aess. lie was always for saying keen things, and wanted ■ n ‘ 3 ° 9e J'le, if the expression may be used. This same fault k a nie asure followed liiru into the pulpit, lie was never con |unlesi he was in the upper region, like the spirit of the ?ln ‘‘’hiding the lightning and speaking in the thunder. lliat varied gracefulness and seli-command which distin guishes his early and his fast friend, Mr. Clay, that graceful ness which, like the swallow, now skims the lake and now darts into the cloud, Mr. Basoom had not. He wanted naturalness. He blazed,and corruscated, and startled, but he seldom melted his audience. W under and admiration often impressed them, but the tear seldom followed. But in denunciation, in scorn, in the terrors of the law, he was fearful, lie could seize in fidelity by the throat and shake the life out of it; or he could hurl against it the wrath of Divine vengeance until it would call oil the mountains to cover it from an angry judge, but lie could not melt it into hopeful and penitent, yet trusting tears. He had great elevation and expansion of mind, and i delighted to expatiate with unfettered and HHcircuinscribed wing, lie loved to dwell upon the beatitude of the saved, or the unutterable misery of the lost; and in this last cate gory, the heedless and the reckless, and the criminal, would look as it the clenched fist of the preacher was stamping on their foreheads their inevitable doom. Bishop Basoom was a man of remarkable personal beauty and manliness. He had the ample chest which almost all orators have; a rounded ncek supported a head of classic mould ; thin dark hair cut close, shaded not at all liis ample forehead, which projected like a wall. Ilis eyes were of daz zling Slackness, and quailed not before power, position, or wealth, on the contrary, they quailed before him. He has been heard to say that the only eye lie ever met which made him feel its power was that of Aaron Burr—than on one oc casion, when that fallen spirit was pointed out to him in New Aork, be stopped and gazed at him with a curiosity which forgot its courtesy, when the offended and piercing glance which Burr east on him caused him to pass on hurriedly and abashed. Bishop Bascom had a brilliant color, indicating the highest health, and at the same time a temperament of a billiuus tendency. It lias been often remarked that he looked very much like Mr. \\ ebstcr, though he was a much hand somer man—without that look of massive intellectuality in which the great constitutional expounder surpasses all other men. Bishop Bascom was remarkably fastidious in his toilet, and like \\ liitcfield set off his person to advantage. Many anecdotes are told of him, and some of the more rigid of his church, in this matter, but he did not obey the precept of St. Paul, and paid no respect to their “ weakness.” He was loud ot telling the story that an old Dutch Methodist, who did not know him, and at whose house he was to stop on his way to fulfil an appointment, said to him, 011 learning who he was : “\Y ell, if I had loaded my rifie to shoot a Metho dist preacher, I never should have snapped at you J” 1 here was none of that preciseness about him which is so oiten remarked in the bearing of a minister : on the contrary it almost seemed, so marked was his bearing to the contrary, that lie somewhat affected a dunt-care of manner. In his pulpit efibrts he avoided every thing like what is called cant —and what he called patois. All his life he said lie had en deavored to avoid it 6c he certainly succeeded. He seemed like a statesman or lawyer, whom the stern reflection of Paul— “\\oisme if I preach not the gospel of Christ”—liad driven duty-called, into the pulpit. And there he stood, and there gloriously he fulfilled his high mission. It was Methodism in earnest to hear Bishop Bascom preach, aiul Methodism which Chesterfield would have been compelled to respect, if but for the high and courtly, yet Christian bearing of its advocate. He was the son of thun der, and like St. Paul he bore himself to the enemies of his faith bravely, yet with a touch of consummate address, like the apostle before Festus. Bishop Bascom lias fulfilled his mission—he has been true to himself and to his church, and to its Great Head—and it is earnestly hoped that some bio grapher may be selected by his friends capable of doing jus tice to his memory. Progress of Religion in San Francisco.—The Courier states that among the many evidences of the pro gress of religion in San Francisco, the number of churches springing up on all sides is hv no means the least gratifying. The following information in respect to this subject will be read with interest. It will be seen that the Ilev. Mr. Taylor, who went out from Baltimore some time since, still continues to have under his charge the Methodist Episcopal Church: The present Catholic church is situated on the half of a fifty vara lot in Vallejo street, and is quite a spacious build ing. It was opened for divine service on tSt. Patrick's day— the 17th of March, of this year. It is seventy-five by forty feet in the clear, add lias 6-1 pews, each capable of accommo dating 3 persons comfortably. The building can accommo date about 350 or 400 persons. There arc three services every Sunday in the forenoon—one for the Spanish popula tion at 8 o’clock, one for the French at 9 o’clock, and one for the Americans at half past ten. There is also an afternoon service at 5 o’clock. The very Ilev. Antoiuo Lenglois, vicar general, has the charge of the congregation. Ho is assisted by the Rev. Francis Coyle ane Father Anderson, O. S. D., who has come out with the view of establishing a branch of his order in this city. The lot on which the church is built, with the small house now used as the residence of the priest cost $.5,000; the frame of the building $4,850 ; and the pews $4,000. The lot and frame have been paid for, but the church still owes for the pews. The building, which is called “the church of St. Francis,” was put up by private subscription. The first Presbyterian Church, under the charge of the Rev. A. 11. Williams, was organized on May the 10th, ISI9. This gentleman officiates temporarily in the Superior Court Room, City Hall, and has a large congregation, that room being well filled every Sunday. 11c has a beautiful frame church now in port, that was sent out from New York. It cost there $3,000, one half being an appropriation of the Board of Missions anp the other half being the contributions of friends in New York city. It is 35 by 75 feet, and capable of accommodating from five to six hundred persons. j The first Baptist Church under the superintendence of Rev. Mr. AVheeler, is situated on Washington street, near Stockton, I and was organized June ‘24tli, 1849. It is 90 by 50 feet, and accommodates about 300 persons. The lot on which it is built cost, we understand SIO,OOO, and the building itself S6OOO. We have also been informed, that Ilev. Mr. Wheeler is expect ing a frame building from the States. The Episcopalian denomination have two churches, one called Trinity Church, in charge of Rev. Mr. Mines, situated on the south-west corner of Jackson and Powell streets ; and . the other, called Grace Church, in charge ofßev.Mr.Yeme her.situated at the north-cast corner of Powell and Stockton streets. On the lot ad joining Rev. Mr. Mines’church is the Metho dist Episcopal Church under the charge of Rev. Mr. Taylor. This building was sent from Oregon, and is 25 by 40 feet. The first Congregational Church is situated on Jackson street, corner of Virginia street, and is under the charge of llcv. Mr. Hunt. The lot cost $2,800, and the building $5,000. The Rev. Mr. Boring, in connection with the Methodist Episcopal Church South, has been preaching lately in the Dis trict Court room, City Ilall, until he can procure a more suita ble place. In connection with each of these churches, there is a Sunday School generally well attended. The Churches are also well tilled at the different services. Here is one of the latest pictures of social misery in N. York. It reads like a record of things in London : On Friday night last, a gentleman, while passing through Walker street had his attention attracted by a young girl, ap parently about eighteen years of age, who was walking with a slow and dejected step. From her appearance and dress, it was evident that she was one of those unfortunate class of fe males whe nightly infest our streets; yet her manner was such, that it induced the gentleman to accost her. Upon his “Jnfcprototit in all tilings —Neutral in Notl)ing.” MACON, GEORGIA, FRIDAY MORNING, SEPT. 27, 1850. making some inquiry, she unreservedly told him that she came into the street for the purpose of obtaining food for her mother and two sisters, who were destitute; that her father had been in good circumstances, but about six neoliths ago he fell into the water and was drowned, being thus deprived of his sup port. The family soon used the little means they had, and be ing unable to obtain work, she had, for the last six weeks, abandoned herself to the life of shame for the purpose above mentioned. The gentleman asked her to show him where she lived, to which she assented, and conducted him to a miserable hovel in Coates street, where he found the mother of the girl lying on a miserable bed, illof the billions fever ; and two girls, one of the age of twelve, the other about eight, nearly without clothing, and the whole room exhibiting the most abject wretchedness. The gentleman gave them some temporary relief, and yesterday through his exertions the mother and the two children were sent to the alms house, and the unfortunate girl taken as a domestics in the family of the gentleman who so kindly interested himself in behalf of the miserable family. (Original ]ksm. “Taken in and done for” or Vanity Rebuked, A Domestic Story Founded on Fact. Columbus, Sept., 30, 1850. PREFACE. What! A Merchant turned Author!! Even so, my dear doctor. It is by no means to be wondered at consider ing the circumstances. Trade, dirty, vulgar trade, has been so dull of late that 1 have had time to read the newspapers, and the other day happening to take up a paper containing a very laughable story, reminded me of certain occurrences which transpired in Columbus a few years ago. Acting more on the impulse of the moment than from any view to dis tinction as an author , 1 seized my pen and hastily sketched the little story which follows. Its imperfections are many and apparent, but under the circumstances criticism should he witheld. This much I PREMISE. Now, for the story. S. C. R. A century has not yet elapsed, since the city of ColumbuJ. had the honor to receive within its limits a fine looking young man, who soon became conspicuous amongst the Citizens for his excessive egotism and overweening vanity. Possessed of u literary turn of mind, and being indeed an educated man, the science of “ Elocution” had enlisted his particular atten tion, and lie sought to amend his broken fortunes by teach ing the young idea (oratorical) how to shoot. With all his literary attainments, however, our hero was sadly deficient in what the world calls “ common sense.” His imposing, manly appearance induced the conviction, in his own mind, that with the ladies lie was irresistible and he omitted no opportu nity when in company with others to boast, openly and un blusliingly, of the many conquests lie had achieved in .the Courts of Cupid. He was constantly telling his few acquaint unices how apprehensive he was that some young Columbus would see him and love him, despite of all his efforts to the contrary, and in short, bis vanity, too great at first, visibly increased in a short sojourn amongst us, so much so, that a posse of the “ b'hoys” met together and en tered into a plot by which to cure him, for a while at least, of his besetting sin. Accordingly Mr. C. received through the Post Office, next morning, a neat little billet doux , highly scented with bergamot and otto of roses, and filled with just such tender expressions as a young lady would employ, while writing to her beau ideal. Nothing suspicious of the agency of our “ Posse” in inditing the tender document, our hero, congratulated himself as its happy recipient. It is evidently a female’s hand writing, thought lie, and the sentiment pe culiarly femine, Nothing so chaste or refined ever emana ted from the sterner sex. The style is superb, its diction un exceptionable, and on the whole, by Jove! this “ Miss Anna ” must be a magnificent creature. ould to Heaven ! I could see her and feast upon her sweet smiles, and hear from her own ruby lips those delightful words with which her letter teems. But how to meet her, there’s the rub. \Ve both desire an interview and yet cannot arrange it. By all the arts of Cupid ! I’ll see her and pour into her ear the tale 1 now must write. Now, Miss Anna had not been able to arrange a meeting, hut she had arranged for receiving Mr. C’s. reply to her ten der effusion. Indulging no gloomy misgivings with regard to the genuineness of the letter, our hero, in the heat of liis ardour, penned an effusion, that, for deep pathos and admira ble sentiments, the brightest poet extant would not have blushed to own, sent it forth on its tender errand and waited calmly as may be the result. In the meantime liis soul breath ing and soul stirring document had been placed in the hands of our “ Posse,” and they were soon at work to furnish Mr. C. a fitting reply to his very fitting letter. This second letter, from Miss Anna, was even more refined and beautiful, as it certainly was more affectionate than the first, and to render it still more gratifying to our friend, it arranged the time and place for a meeting. On the green field adjoining the city on the north, Miss Anna wrote, this afternoon at sunset, a close carriage will be seen drawn by two snowy white horses, a lady with a simple white rose in her hair will be seated within. Make a certain signal (the chronicler forgets this signal) the driver will understand it immediately, and if you approach without hesitation, he will assist you instantly to my side— thus we can steal from my friends at home, one sweet half hour in which to hold. “ Our feast of reason and flow of soul.” Talk of the whirling maelstrom ! its rapid current was a mere eddy compared to the workings of our hero’s brain, and the thunderings of volcanoes were not to be heard or felt compared with the eager fiery palpitations of his throb bing heart. Unable to exercise the virtue, patience, (a virtue which despite us we are forced to exercise on sundry occa sions) our hero could not wait the appointed hour, but hur ried off to the spotjTiid there, under the scorching rays of a July’s sun. he remained in a state of perspiration and tre pidation until lie saw the veritable carriage and white horses approaching in the distance. Now, gentle reader, all this happened at a time when this very identical spot was much frequented by those who had contracted a fondness for the detectable mineral water which had just then been discovered near that particular locality, and this being well suited for a leisure promenade or pleasure ride, there were not a few persons on the field enjoying these recreations, and the lady and equipage thus attracting our Hero’s attention, it is needless to say was one of the many, who were thus innocently indulging. The appearance of the white horses, and the white rose, at this particular juncture was either one of those remarkable coincidences which so frequently occur, else the boys having noticed the great re gularity with which this lady, at that hour and place, took her evening rides, (she was one of those spiteful, suspiciousy querulous old maids, so universally unpopular, and especially, with young men) had determined to take advantage of the circumstances to play off upon our Hero, and to ponder some what to her querulousness and thus doubly avenge them selves. At any rate, the eyes of our Hero unmindful of the presence of others were fixed upon those horses and that rose, and without further forethought he rushed forward hurriedly and gave the “ signal” in such a manner as not only to at tract the attention of many who were near, hut seriously to alarm the old lady who ordered the driver to put whip im mediately for dear life. “ Dearest Anna” cried our Hero, seizing the bridle rein and suffering himself to lie dragged along by the horses, who were now being la-Lied by the driver, to their utmost speed ; but unable eitlur to finish his appeal or continue his hold he sank exhausted upon the ground, while the crowd came up around him, and the old lady still flying from the scene, leant back in her carriage and returned devout thanks to Heaven for having escaped that dreadful personal violence which seems to constitute the chief fear of till old maids. One of our “ boys” was in the crowd who gathered around our fallen Hero, and so assidu ous was he in his attentions, and so kind in helping him to explain himself out of his dilemma, that our Hero invited him to tea with him, and after supper so well had he played his part, he was taken fully into confidence and heard from C’s. own lips, the whole history of the matter. Next morn ing the adorable Anna again wrote to our friend in such a way as to explain off the misadventure of the day before. “ I have often told you,” she said, “ how watchful my family are over my actions now a days, they strongly suspect me, and a maiden sister, more suspecting than the rest, happened to overhear me issuing orders for a ride at sunset, and suspect ing, at once, something amiss, dressed herself precisely as I was dressed and forcing me to remain at home, rode herself out to the very spot to which I had ordered the driver to take me.” The unfortunate mischance was thus explained, and to the entire satisfaction of Mr. C. Affairs remained in “ statu quo” a while, letters passing between our Hero and Miss Anna which gradually grew wanner and warmer, until a meeting became indispensable, absolutely, to our friend’s existence. Daily liis shadow grew beautifully less, and those who knew him, fancied (so rapid liis decline) that consumption had laid its wasting hand upon him. In all the fervor of liis soul he poured out its inmost feelings, and petitioned so importunately for an interview, that at length his inamorata yielded to liis entreaties, and wrote that the constant postponement of a meeting had injured her own health as much as liis, and whatever must be liis idcao the time when and the place where the interview was to be had, she was nevertheless constrained by the watchfulness of her family, and at tile risk of his own displeasure, to appoint the hour midnight, and the place of meeting the centre gate on the north boundary of the city cemetery. “It is rather extraordinary,” thought he, “but the circumstances justify her, and though the earth should yawn at my feet, I’ll repair to the spot,” and thither he accordingly went, but not before some 15 or 20 young fellows, (ivlio now that the denoue ment was at hand, had been inducted into the secret) had gone wrapped up in long flowing white robes, and ensconced themselves behind sundry tomb-stones hard by the stated gate, to be witnesses of the “fun” and add interest to the scene. A woman who had been raised amongst the “ Creek In dians’’ was engaged to personate Miss Anna and taught how to “ act well her part.” A carriage was obtained for her use'for the occasion. In the meantime our hero revelling in blissful imaginings, walked liuriedly to and fro in front of the gate and ever and anon would “ bend liis impatient ear to catch the sound of distant rumbling wheels” at length the hour arrived and true to the appointment, the carriage drove up, the steps were let down, and, oh, blissful moment! our lloro received into liis anxious arms his charming Anna, closely veiled it is true, and tremulous withal; but still his adored beloved Anna. He boro her to the nearest tomb, and there upon his bended knee lie knelt him down and out gushed the pent up cataract. “He told her of the dangers lie had passed”—as Othello did to Dcsdemona—she listened well, and nervous though she was, she still behaved with all the dignity becoming the occasion. Just at that critical time, however, when our Hero fully intent on telling her his whole story began to use those French and Italian phrases, so well suited for such occasions, she suddenly threw oft’ all dis guise and in a cracked and Aping voice exclaimed—in Irish accent—“ Look c here lloss ! if you wants to talk forever, talk “ Injun,” I’m goss at that myself, I am.” Ilad a bolt of lightning fallen at his feet our Hero could not have been more amazed—to find such coarseness and vulgarity where lie expected such exquisite refinement. But one moment, and lie sprang from the ground and rushed madly, where he knew not, and hoic, he cared not. Our long robed sentinels rung out, meanwhile the most unearthly, hideous, awful shrieks, and stood openly out upon tin* tombs and waved their arms in ghostly majesty as if to add terror to liis flight and give tone and meaning to their hideous cries. One of the party, too bold by far, confronted our unfortunate in his flight, who already driven to despair and in no particularly agreea ble mood, drew forth a pistol and thrusting it full into his ghost-ship’s face and holding it there, called out in frenzied tones “ghost, goblin, or whatever else ye are, tell me liow came you on this solemn spot and why ye thus oppose me ; else by all the powers, above, below, and everywhere, will sec if powder .and ball will pierce thy mournful visage,” and suiting the action to the words lie prepared as already stated, to enforce liis threat, which our sentinel plainly perceiving, but nothing absent minded, managed to avoid by assuming at once a tone of candor and stating he was neither gliost nor goblin, but had come thither to fill an appointment with a lady but had been disappointed, and happening to see Aim running through the cemetery and immediately supposing him to be in strumental in some way in disappointing liis arrangement lie had confronted him with a view to seek some explanation of his interference. This statement instantly disarmed our Hero of liis resentment and relapsing immediately into his accustom ed good nature, he frankly replied “my dear sir,” how won drous kind a fellow feeling makes us! I too had a similar ap pointment and have been deceived. Give me your hand and he my friend, and let us leave together this accursed spot. And on their way to his rooms, (our Hero at length satisfied that lie had been regularly sold ) told liis new friend the whole story not omitting the agency which his late confident had had in the premises, and it was agreed to challenge the villainous scoundrel, and in deadly combat seek that revenge required by the code of honor. Our new confident cordially offered his own services in his behalf. Thanking him heartily for his disinter estedness, our Hero acted upon his suggestions, and next morning, challenged our young townsmen, to such a rencon tre as he might choose to elect so that the combat should hut be mortal. To cut a long story short (for I’m tired of writing) seconds were chosen, all of course in league against our unfortunate Hero. A meeting ensued, (pistols loaded with powder and wad only) at the first fire of our llero his antagonist fell to the earth, weltering in the blood which flowed freely from blood hags in his mouth and under his shirt. One moment of agoni zing breathless suspense to satisfy himself that liis foe was in deed in the last agony, and he threw down his deadly weapon, with a terrible oath, and scudded away upon the wings of the wind, and stopped not till he had placed many a weary mile between himself and the scene of his great misfortunes. For the Georgia Citizen. EDUCATION. Dear Doctor : —lt was my intention, at first, to have offer ed for the consideration of your numerous readers, further proof, of the defectiveness of our system of education as practiced in this State, so far as legislative enactments are concerned, and also the defectiveness of the method of im parting instruction generally adopted in this State by teach ers ; and also, to show not only the practicability of impart ing, under sanction of law, instruction to every son and daughter in Georgia, over five, and under 21 years of age. But sir, a crisis lias arrived in the political world, that requires the pages of your paper to be filled with other mat ter —a crisis in which the people of Georgia, feel more inter est in having settled, than they do in reading articles on General Education to be enforced by legislative enact ment. , I shall, therefore, for a while, content myself with* a con clusion of that subject, by offering in a hasty and imperfect manner a sort of general plan, which may be reduced spe cifically to practice, with alterations as particular circum stances may require or suggest. There, sir, to be brief and conclude I say for the present, on this interesting subject; interesting from the nature and policy of our government, interesting when we consider the duty which parents owe to their off-spring, to their country, and to their God. The plan I suggest then is, (without attempting at this time to furnish details) to invest certain Commissioners in each county, with authority to purchase land in each actual settlement, where 10 children can be found, in a distance of four miles of a common centre, whereon to erect a school house. And to purchase land varying from 10 to 20 acres in each settlement where ten or more scholars may bo had, say one acre to each scholar. But in no case to allow more than 20 scholars to one teacher, some settlements could fur mish 60 or 80 scholars. Then purchase 60 or 80 acres, and furnish three or four teachers; one for every 20 scholars. Now I suppose the schools must be mixed, i e., composed of male and female scholars in all cases, when, the number of scholars in the settlement will not exceed 20 students. Let common plain buildings be built on tho land thus bought, sufficient in size, and arrangement for the accommodation of the number of children, that are to attend at that place for instruction. The teachers to be selected, should in gener al he either single or heads of small families, due regard be ing had to tlieir knowledge of agriculture, as well as letters. The boys who attend school, should bo employed four hours in each day in the study of their books—one hour in learn ing singing and music, two hours in play and pastime, two hours in the cultivation of the land thus bought in the various articles of consumption and commerce. All of which is to be attended to by the teachers in per son, the product of which, is to be their compensation for their services. In this way the rising generation would not only be educated in hooks hut also agriculture on the most approved plans. So that when they make their ap pearance on the stage of action, no matter in what circum stances, they will be able to obtain a competency lor future life, whether in the field or cut of it. The act should in this case, as in the case of Rail Roads, and Flank Roads, author ise the Commisioners to purchase the land where they please, and just as much as they want for the purpose aforesaid, and should the owner and Commissioners disagree as to its value, let arbitrators be appointed to assess the same, taking into con sideration the value of a school to the settlement, as well as the advantages resulting to the owner, on the one hand, and disadvantages on the other to him and the settlement. The next question arising, on this subject, is; how is this land to be paid for ? Our answer is. Let the luferior Court in each county levy a tax as now [for the education of the poor; and now called the poor school fund,) and let the fund so collected be applied in the payment of all lands bought by the Commissioners of each county as aforesaid; This fund so collected, and applied, would, in tho course of a few years, pay for all the lands thus bought by the Commis sioners with interest. And the products of the land so bought would amply pay the teacher for his services as teach er, four hours in each day, for five or six days of the week, in the study of their books, one in singing and music, and two j hours in the agriculture and cultivation of the land bought for his benefit, the crop of which he is to enjoy. Let the Commissioners and their successors have the right to dis pose of the land in each settlement at any time in their judgment, that another location would be better adapted to the conveniences of society, or of tlie particular settlement. Butin such cases, they being bound to apply the fund so ob tained in the purchase of that other location. In this man ner, we believe that a system of general education might be carried through, the expenses of which would bo light com pared with our present system. Nor is this all, lire children of all classes in society would then be placed upon equality, the rich man's son would learn the uses and value of labor, while the son of the poor man would be taught the value of letters ; moreover, the objection which now (under our pre sent system) prevents so many poor men from sending their children to school, as that it is often thrown up to them and their children—“ On the poor school list ah!” So they are often taunted, and so the children of very many poor men are kept at home rather than be thus derided. Again sir; if this plan of raising money be considered objectionable, then we suggest another which has been hinted at not only in the old countries, hut by some very respectable gentlemen of our country, Viz. Raise it by Lottery. A Lottery with a few large prizes—say one of $50,000, two of $20,000, four of SIO,OOO, 20 of SSOO, 100 of S2OO, 1000 of SSO, 2000 of $lO, 50,000 of $5 —or whatever sums may be proportional —the price of tickets to he $10 —halves $5 —quarters $2 50. All prizes and no blanks. Ix't 20 per cent be reserved out of every sum drawn—the lottery to be continuous—drawings to take place monthly, after the sale of $50,000 worth of tickets. The 80 per cent to he paid over to those whose names have been drawn, if applied for, and if not—then the 80 per cent to be appropriated with the 20 per cent, to the support of education, pay of teachers, managers, purchase of lands, erection of School houses Ac. Lands to he bought as in the other case, and to be paid for out of the fund thus raised. But to lotteries it is objected, that they have a ten dency to demoralize the people, and to increase the disposi tion to live idle, a disposition already too luxurious in this country. Our answer is; I.lotteries have been authorised by the legislature for almost every purpose under Heaven but that of education. Also, fairs, lotteries, Ac. have often been raised of a local character by religious bodies, for the purpose of raising funds to build Church houses, buy church bolls Ac. Then we do not sec why that objection should be applied in this case and not applied in others. But suf fice it to say, here are two plans by which a system of Gen eral Education may be carried to every man’s door, and en forced by sanction of law. Hoping sir, this brief outline will be understood, I submit it to the attention of your readers as such, and not as containing every little minutia, that might be considered necessary in an act providing for the educa tion of clases of children, over five years of age and under twenty-one. It is believed that sufficient is here proposed as a basis upon which a bill embracing every particular might be drafted. I am dear sir, yours very respectfully, OBSERVER. Onion Custard. —Peel and slice some mild on ions, (ten or twelve, in proportion to tlieir size,) and fry them in fresh butter; draining them well when you take them up. Then mince them as fine as possible. Beat four eggs very light, and stir them gradually into a pint of milk, in turn with the minced onions. Season the whole with plenty of grated nutmeg, and stir it very hard. Then put it into a deep, white dish, and bake about a quarter of an hour. Send it to table as a side dish to be eaten with meat or poultry. It is a French prepar ation of onions, and will be found very fine. To make bottled Cider very brisk.— When you are bottling the cider, put a large raisin into the bottom of each bottle before you pour in the cider. Then cork it tightly. In bottling spruce or molasses beer put in also a raisin. SisF’ The object of conversation is to entertain and amuso To be agreeable vou must learn to be © * a good listener. j political. PROCLAMATION. Georgia —George W Towns, Governor of said State. To the Elector* fhereof— Greeting. : Having been ofEeially informed, that the Congress of tho l nited States has admitted California into the Union of the States of the Confederacy, upon equal terms with the origin* al States, a duty devolves upon mo, in the performance of which, T shall trespass nt>on tho public bet briefly. An unfeigned deference for public opinion, and tho pro found regard I entertain for the wisdom, firm new, and patri otism of rny fellow-citizens of Georgia, will not justify me, in a paper of this character, in repeating my known and unchanged opinions as to the duty of the South in repelling Free soil encroachment, and arresting, by all proper means, usurpation by Congress. d\ hatever is compatible with the honor and obligations of the People of this State to the country, its laws, and iia institutions, I doubt not, will receive their warm support. In an hour of danger—when your institutions are io jeopardy—your feelings wantbniy outraged, your social or ganization derided, your honor deeply wounded and tlie Federal Constitution violated by a series of aggressive mea sures, all tending to the consutnation of one object, the abo lition of slavery—when your equal right to occupy and enjoy the common territory of all, has been denied you, in the solemn form of law, under pretences the most shallow, it well becomes you to assemble, to deliberate, and counsel together for your mutual preservation and safety. hatever Course the extraordinary events by which wo are encompassed, will demand or justify, bo left as it should be, to the patriotism, firmness, and prudence of the peoplo themselves. Upon them devolves the duty of redressing present wrongs, and providing other safeguards, for future security. Neither the one nor the other of which, however, will ever bo effectually accomplished, until, Ly patriot ic efforts, perfect harmony and conco-d of feeling are re stored, and confidence and concert of action produced among tho people of the South. In view, therefore, of the atrooioua free soil sentiment and policy, not merely of the non slaveholding State?, but of the Government—of the imminent perl’ jo which the institution of slavery is reduced by the act of Congress admitting tli State of California into the Union, with a Constitution con taining the principle of the Wilmot proviso, in defianoeof our warning and earnest remonstrance—in view of the deplora ble fact that somefeiversity of opinion exists in some of the Southern States ns to the proper mode of redressing the wrongs, and averting the dangers which all must see and feel, let me, fellow-citixc ns, earnestly entreat you to cultivate for each other a deep and abiding sentiment of fraternal re gard and confidence, and approach the task,from which there is no escape, of deciding upon yoar duty to Georgia and the Country, with a firm step, but not without calm deliberate and patient investigation, consulting neither fears or dangers on the one hand, nor permitting yourselves, from exasperat ed feelings of wrong on the other, to be rashly urged to ex treme measures, which have not receive.! the fall sanction of your judgment. Then i snail not despair of seeing the whole State, as one man, proposing nothing beyond what the emer gency may demand, or failing to perform whatever patriot ism, honor and right, may require at your hands. The General Assembly of this State, by an act approved Sth February 1830, having required me, upon th; happening of certain events, one of which is tho admission ’of Califor nia as a State into the Union, to issue a proclamation, order ing an election to beheld in each and every county for Dele gates to a Convention of the People of this State, to take in to consideration such measure* as comport with the extraor dinary posture of our relations to oar eo-States, and to decide upon what steps are necessary and proper to ba taken com patible with our honor and constitutional obligations, as well as more effectually to secure our right of property hi slaves, and to arrest all aggressions, by one section of the Uuion, upon tho free enjoyment of tho Constitutional rights of tho other, and lastly to preserve inviolate the equality of the States of the Union, as guarantied under the Constitution: Therefore, be it known that I, George W. Towns, Governor of the State of Georgia, by the authority and mandate of the law, do issue this my Proclamation, ordering and directing that the qualified voters for the most numerous branch of the General Assembly, do meet at the several places of bolding elections, as fixed by law, in the several counties of this State, within the hours fixed for voting, on Monday tho twenty-fifth day of November next, and then there by ballot, elect two Delegates in each of the counties now entitled to one Repre sentative in the General Assembly, and four Delegates in such counties as are now entitled to two Representatives. The mangers of said election are required to certify and forward to this Department the returns of said election in the manner prescribed by law for the election of Representatives in the General Assembly ; and it is further ordered tliat tho Delegates, who may be elected by a majority of the legal voters of their respective counties, do convene at the Capitol of said State on Tuesday the Tenth day of December next. Given under ray hand and seal of the Executive Depart ment at the Capitol, in Milledgeville, this 23d day of September in tho year of our Lord Eighteen hundrod and fifty. GEO. W. TOWNS. By the Governor: J. M. Patton, Sec’y. Ex. Dept. Letter from Mr. Conrad. The lion. C. M. Conrad, recently appointed Secretary of War, has addressed a letter to his former constituents of the second Congressional district of Louisiana, from which we make the following extract: “ It is proper that, in surrendering the trust which yon confided to me, I should render you an ficount of the man ner in which I have discharged its duties. The present ses sion of Congress has been unusually protracted and laborious, but I am sorry to say that the country has derived, thus far, but little benefit from its labors. The time and attention of Congress have been so completely engrossed by the questions growing out of the territory acquired from Mexico, connected with the institution of slavery, that all other subjects have been entirely overlooked. “ Believing, as I have always done, that no legislation could permanently introduce slavery into this territory, I have always considered those questions (as applicable to it), as rather of a speculative than a practical character, and have therefore not fully participated in the heat and excitement which their discussion has occasioned. “ Opinions in regard to the questions may be classified as follows: “ 1. There arc those who seek, through the direct agency of the Federal Government, to introduce slavery inio this territory. “ 2. Those who wish, by the same means, to prevent this introduction. “3. Those who resist any interference with the question bv the Federal Government, and would leave to the inhabi tants of the country the exclusive right to decide it. “To the latter class I belong. I have always maintained that the subject of slavery, whether in the States or in the Territories, should be absolutely excluded from the halls of the National Legislature. This is the only principle on which the South can, in all times and under all circumstan eea, safely rely. Even if I were satisfied, therefore, (which I am i r ar from being,) tliat Congress eould, by interfering in the NO. 27.