Georgia Historic Newspapers

    MWLETUKART, TO ItllK.
Sse, lore! tha rosy rsilsosa gHami
Athwmtl the rtnaet ky;
LUt, lotc sad heir he blid a eweet note)
In linked ag Ci.der.a- die.
t'inat*. luTthy clinging hand) ’n in.ne,
And holding law by me,
Inw love’ i wiil bo true, my Java,
o in-, rweetheert, to thai
bwMlbcut, to the*.
Come loro i I wtutiag, pine m l >ng,
Ani rr ary, watc.i lor the?;
l>wr lore! amidst the darkened night
fby Mar-like fece I see.
Heart’s lorel h, co.ae thin close to me;
I’ll shelter thee from haims,
From erary foe or sterrt woe,
Clot* clasped wit nib my a ms ;
Lia tale from ail alarms,
drtetiieart. with me.
Hear lore! thy lac b >re ms gleaming,
A sunset radisne* girea,
Ah, low! thy tone’s afoot cadence dying,
hints In my h art and lirea.
* li -p-d, lor-', and rta to my heart, thy hlrdiing
F.j| ie'h hir wings in p ace—
Trusts ! ore! f sling no cold nor shadow,
binding at Hat her case,
From tear a sale rtb aae,
H -art’s lore, with thee
ART AND HEART.
Every capital is delirious with merri
meet, Paris surpassing them ail in
reckless reVclry, and the “students’
quarter” of that gay city far beyond
other wards in uproarious festivities.
Every student has a capital time, and
among the thousands of these merry
hearted young men who enjoyed the
carnival of 1847, no one quaffed more
intoxicating draughts of j?y than Elitzir
" ie Blivels.
Nor was there in the whole “ L tin
quarter” a finer fellow or one more
generally kuown and loved. He wa
tall and well male, with a high fore
head, large black eyes, and a gallant
bearing, (lifted with a powerful inte
lect, his mind embraced poetry, music
and painting—magnificent trinity of art
—and in each he excelled, devoting
himself especially to his easel as a career
His parents were Cieole Louisianians,
residing on a fine plsn ation, and Eiie
zar, well supplied with funds, passed JiL*
time at Palis in dreamy ea*e, occupyiijg
his thoughts but little with the present,
and never thinking of the future. He
wrote poetry, composed music, painted
landscape And at dance or revel, fore
most am mg the gay-heart and throug was
d,he Louisianian.
All at onoe, however, “a change came j
over the spirit ot his dream.” He neg
lected his palette ami bis pen—his piano
remained mule. A dark shadow ap
peared to c’jitd his existence, which had |
been dee., as a limpid lake. Eiitzsr wan j
aadard melancholy, and his pallid figure j
anr.ounced mental rather than physical j
offering. “He was in love,” says
lair reader. Not at all, my bright eyed
friend—he had been in love.
He ha 1 loved, with all his heart and
with all bis soul, a young girl nsmed
Julia. Tnat is a short sentence which
contains m.iuy a long story, and all that
I will add to it is, that Julia—of a good
family, intellectual and beautiful—still
loved Eiiezar with all Ter heart and
with all her soul.
Why had tho affections of the young
maan become changed ? Why did tears
rest in Julia’s beautiful blue eyes? Why
• did,the bond between these two young
berrts seem about to break? Alas, it
was the usual reasou. Jnlia’s parents
wcere not wealthy, and had a large family
Elitzar was introduced to a £ rich widow. |
From that day he became morose, and j
J ulia soon saw that she no longer had ;
possession of his heart. What a chaDgel I
“ Quantum mutatus ab illo,” said two |
of his student friends who were versed
in Latin, and as for Julia, she made up
her mind that life had no charms for
her, and that death would be welcome.
One evening Eiiezar (who wasgoing to
a massed ball at midnight) called—pro
voked a discussion—lost his temper
arid pronounced the fatal word of rup
ture.
“ It is useless,” said Julia; “ you have
sought this opportunity for several day?
and have had shown me that you love
me no longer. You have made me un
happy, but mark me—you will be more
unhappy yourself.”
“ Perhaps,” replied Eiiezar, in a sar
castic tone. “ But as 1 wish to get a
nap before going to the ball, I will bid
you good evening. Adieu.”
Julia stood motionless, unable to
speak, but when the door closed, it ap
peared like the stone of a sepulcher, shut
ting out from life all that was near, and
dear and worth possessing.
* * * * * *
Free! Free! And able to profit by
ibis libel ty to address a countess, rich,
young, and a widow. A countess, who
loved him, not because he was rich also,
but because he poss ssed talent ! Surely
Eiiezar was fortunate, and soon his
marriage with the fascinating widow
was the theme of Parisian gossip—the
very day was set. But, to the astonish
ment of all, tiie coun ess did *not marry
Eiiezar, and did marry the Marquis de
Torry. It created quite a sensation.
Poor Eliezir! His star of fortune
began to descend the horizm, and then
he learned with regret and reproach that
Juiia had committed suicide. Only
eighteen—so lair, so gifted ; poor girl.
While E iezar was suffering under the
effect ot this blow, he received the sa<i
news that the Mississippi had burst its
banks and inundated his father’s planta
tion. B..th liis parents had lost their
lives, and their property had been swept
away. He was an orphan—a beggar.
This calamity diverted the thoughts o 1
Elifzar from the marchioness, and set
him thinking how he should henceforth
live. “Tobe or not to be,” as has been
rema ked several thousand times each
year since it was penned, and id this case
the word “ starved” was added. “No I”
replied Klitzar to his own question. “ I
will gain money.”
This is an easy resobuion, but oue
difficult to carry into execution. Eiiezar
was young—a poet, a painter and a
musician. But the supply of verses is
ever above the demand—pictures do uot
find sale, unless they are flattered por
traits—and there are too many old com
possrs whose works can be pilfered, for
young ones to have any chance of success.
Poor Edezar 1 There he sat, hour after
hour, his ht ad resting on his hands, his
eyes fixed, and the pallor of melancholy
vailing Ids countenance. At last, an idea
struck h.m. Why could he not sing in
opera?
As luck would have it the manager of
the Toulouse opera hou -e was thou in
Paris, searching lor a tenor singer.
Eii- zir was presented to him—sang a
few airs—a:-d in an hour’s time signed
an engagement which guaranteed him
a handsome income. Two days more,
and he was at the scene of his anticipated
triumph, where he immediately began
to study and rehearse. Possessing a fine
voice and a good knowledge of music, he
©ade rapid pr< * tea, and was soon an
nounced in the j:-pe?a ae & vocal prodigy
rvho would the imom Dipr
VOL. XX.-NO. 10.
| himself. At last the evening came for
j his debut The house waa packed from
pit to dome, brilliant toilettes gracing
the aristocratic boxes; while the stu
dents crowded the pit. Many fair hands
carried bouquets, and it was evident that
the debutant would meet with a flattering
reception.
Up rose the curtain, and Eliezur ap
peared. Loud applause greeted him,
and he advanced with easy confidence to
the front of the stage; but not a sound
escaped his lips. In vain did the leader
of the orchestra, with violin bow up
raised, wait the first note of his voice,
that he might accompany him. Not a
sound was heard; and the public, at
first curious,soon grew impatient. Hisses,
i groans and other signs of dissatisfaction
rang through the house; and at last the
curtain fell. Managers, actors and ma
chinists flocked around the debutant , and
demanded the cause cf his extraordinary
silence.
The audience waa indignant, and
among a volley of hoots and cries was
heard the question: “Is he dumb?”
No! The manager came before the
uirtain and announced that he had lost
his hearing. Whereupon the public
retired, receiving ttieir money at the
door.
Alas, it was too true. Eiiezar de
Blivels waa dear. All his dreams of
vocal fame had vanished, and refusing a
collection which the actors had made for
him, ho net out on foot for the capital,
almost hoping that some accident would
deprive him of 3i f e. He had but a pit
tance left, and his misfortune was a bar
rier to all employments. One afternoon,
after a lens? walk, he sat down before a
village ale house and began to sing. The
peasants gathered around him, and some
threw coppers into his hat. Elitzar de
Bdvels the great artist, who had squan
dered so much gold, picked up the cop*
pera and pocketed them with thanks.
Thus he made his way to Paris, sing
ing in the evenings at the little hamlets
where he halted, and receiving the piti
ful alms which the public pity accords to
wandering minstrels. Once within sight
of the capital, however, he took courage.
Paiis is the city of catastrophes and of
good fortunes—of revolutions, happy or
unhappy—and it is there that one may
he seen rolling along in an elegant car
riage, who that evening before had not a
whole pair of boots to walk in, or vice
versa. On entering the gates of the
metropolis, the wandering vocalist took
neart, and he hoped he might become a
bookkeeper to an apothecary or measurer
to a wood merchant.
Passing down Odeon square, he saw a
large man, dressed in black, who was
about to write upon the wall with a
morsel of chalk. Watching the un
known, he saw him write—and with in
creasing astonishment as each successive
letter was formed : “ Eiiezar de Blivels
is heartless.”
Uttering a cry of rage, he rushed for*
ward and seized the writer quickly by
the snuulders. The unknown turned
fiercely around, shook off h s grasp, and
retreating to the wail, used bis cane to
ward off any further attack. Then, with
an air of derision, he pulled out a card,
and offered it with his left hand. Eiiezar
accepted it, and the unknown vanished
The artist, left alone before the in
scription, endeavored to efface it, but it
vain. The more he rubbed, the more
distinct the white letters stood out upon
the wall, and soon a crowd collected
around him. Some recognized him, and
Degan to shout in derisive ton:s: “ Eiie
zar de Blivels is heartless.” He was
forced at last to desist, and to escape
from his tormentors.
At sunrise the next day two metf
stood face to face, in the wood of Vin
cennes, near Paris. Each one was armed
with two pistols, and there were no
seconds. Vainly had Eli. zar sought to
obtain an explanation—the unknown
remained as glacial and mute as fatality.
Tne duelists placed themselves forty
paces apart, and at the word given by
Elifzar, they were to turn, advance to
ward each other, and fire. One—two—
three 1 Eiiezar fired first, but only the
percussion cap of his pistol exploded.
At the same instant a ball shattered his
right arm, and his pistol fell to his feet.
Then did the wounded man hear, in
tones which echoed through his heart:
’* You have made me unhappy, but
mark me—you will be more unhappy
yourself.”
A second ball pierced E'kzir’s heart.
*****
Nine o’clock iu the morn ng struck.
The second pistol shot concluded his
dream and he sprang to his feet.
I will uot attempt to describe the
emotions of the young rr.sn as he carried
his hand to his heart, and then shook
his right arm, to see it he was wounded.
But he was unscratched. He had slept
all night, and had dreamed. It was
morning, and he had awoke young, rich,
a happy child, and not deaf or wounded.
Then as he recalled his imaginary mis
ery, he thought of Julia—he remembered
her suicide and hastened to her house.
Tne young girl had a violent fever,
and had passed a night of intense suffer
ing. But the sight of Eiiezar—his re
pentant air— and his protestations of re
pentance and of affection—soon restored
her. The cure was more speedy than
could have been effected by all the
physicians in Paris.
Eiiezar soon married Julia, and re
turning to America, they now pass a
hapf y existence with their parents, en
joying all they desire, and often calling
to mind the carnival of 1847.
.. If there is any one thing more than
another that convinces a man of the
progress of education in our common
schools, and the sound practical instruc
tion communicated to the rising gener*
otion, it is to have his daughter bring
him a problem something like this : I:
8 oxen consume 12£ times the amount
of food required by 1-6 of the square
root of 16 sheep, at a cost of 29 78 cents,
how many oxen will be required to cou
sume the same amount required by J of
the cube root of aD equat number of
sheep in 42 days’ time at a cost .1
o f that amount; and triumphantly point
to the answer at the foot of a whole
s', ate ful of figures as being 32,187,369
osea.
.. Some malignant slanderer says;
! H Woman needs no eulogist, ‘or the
‘j? &k for hersoil.”
DIAMOND-CC J-TING.
Briih of Inrtoitr) -torrlra I‘otn
Klin* wlih Amilerasn anti London.
■New Fork Krening Post.
There are few subjects more dear to the
feminine heart than those which relate
to the precious stones, and the diamond,
above all, has a charm unfailing and al
ways new. The gem in its finished
state is so perfect that few persons give
a thought to the processes by which its
beauties have been revealed. A dia
mond in the rough resembles nothing so
much as a pebble of rock salt. When
found it is usually an egg shaped or pear
shaped stone, lustreless and white, with
no morn pretensions to value in its looks
than thousands of the'pebbles scattered
along the seashore. The fiie and bril
liancy of the gem are developed by the
lapidary at great expenditure of time
and lafcor. For many years, centuries
even, the head quarters of the diamond
cutting trade has been in Holland, and
it is only within this century that, the
workmen of other countries have begun
to complete with the patient, skilful and
careful Dutchmen. In 1851 the dia
mond cutting business in Lopdon was
sufficiently advanced to admit of the
recuttirig of the famous Koh-i-noor in
that city, but even then it was considered
necessary to send to Amsterdam for an
expert to superintend the work. It was
reduced lrom 186 to 106 1-16 carats, in
order to give it a shape which would ad
equately set off its great beauty.
In this country no establishment for
cutting diamonds was opened until 1871,
when a large company was formed by
some Dutch experts in New York and
another in Boston.
It is a very tedious operation to cut a
diamond and polish it. If the stone in
the rough is so shaped as to need split
ting, the workman decides what part is
to be removed and makes a small cleft
with another diamond. A diamond
edged 100 l is then used as a cleaver, and
the fragment is then split ofl. The
greatest care is necessary, of course, to
determine what will be the direction and
extent of the cleavage, and as it cannot
be made except with the grain, only a
long experienced workman can tel' how
to make the cut.
The stone now passes to the cutter,
who uses two stones at once mutually to
cut each other. Each one is secured at
the end of a stick in a cement made of
rosin aid marble dust. Holding a stick
in each hand over a box to catch the
diamond dust, the workman steadily
rubs one against the other until the
attrition wears down one facs of each
diamond. As soon as a clear space has
been cut through the rough outer coat*
ing (“ making a window,” the experts
call it), the diamond is carefully exam
ined for flaws and its shape determined.
If a flaw lies near the outside it can, o*
course, be easily cut away in shaping it;
but if it is far in the interior the .'tone,
if large, must lie cut in two, making two
half-sized gems instead of one large one.
The shape haviug been decided, the
cutter goes on to cut the stone to coree
spond in general form to that determined
upon. There is little attempt made to
cut regular fasces, but the position of the
“ collet” and the “ table” is defined.
The “ collet” is the small-pointed lower
apex of a diamond cut in “ brilliant’’
fashion, and the “ table” is the flat sur
face on top.
When the diamond is passed over to
the polisher it is set in pewter setting
held in a kind of socket about an inch iu
diameter. This has a copper rod about
two inches long and a quarter of an inch
in diameter, extending from the back,
which is grasped by the jaws of tho rest
in which the socket is held wh le the
polishing is done. The rest is heavy, so
as to press the diamond down upon the
polishing disk with sufficient force. The
disk is a circular plate made of steel and
iron at a velocity
of two thousand revolutions a minute.
The fgee of the disk is covered with oil
containing diamond dust which is re*
tained in the pores of the iron and acts
as a polishing agent. The diamond is
carefully set in the pewter as nearly as
possible at the right angle, but if a slight
variation either way is needed the cop*
per stem which holds the diamond socket
can be bent sufficiently to give the exact
angle required. Two, or even more
diamonds, can be polished at the same
time on one disk, and as the process is
necessarily very slow, three or rnoiere ts
can be watched by cne skilled workman.
The “dop” which holds the diamond in
the solder resembles a large ’ acot n in
shape, the diamond being at the point
and the copper wire representing the
stem.
The most fashionable and elegant shape
now cut is the “ brilliant,” which has an
upper table, generally octagonal in shape,
thirty-two faces to the girdle, or broadest
part of the 3tone, and a pyramid below
running to an apex called the “collet.”
The proper proportion for showing the
fuli brilliancy of a stone is one-third
above the girdle and two-thirds below.
It the upper part is too deep in propor
tion to the lower, the stone will lack
sparkle at the edges, while if the reverse
be the case it will have no brilliancy at
the center.
The best diamonds for color are the
Brazilian aLd Indian; for although
many fine stones have been found in the
South African fields, the greater number
of these latter are of poor color. There
are three shades in great demand, the
pare white, the steel white and the blue
white. The pure white is unquestionably
the most beautiful; it is full of sparkle
and white light in whatever angle it is
viewed, with absolutely no trace of color
visible. Such a stone will cost as much
as 1300 a curat.
The steel-white has no perceptible
color but a steely sheen in its sparkle.
They look almost like black objects re
flecting the light from a highly-polished
surface. They are East India stones
and are very rare. They also bring “fan
cy ” prices.
Blue-white stones placed beside an ab
solutely pure white, will make the lat
ter appear “ofl color,” in compari
son. There is just the faintest shade
of blue in them, which counteracts any
tinge of yellow in the light passing
through them. A pair of ear-rings of
this quality, weighing together about
four carats, found a purchaser recently
is &! city fur 12,000, the buyer being "
CARTERSYILLE, GA., FRIDAY, APRIL 4, 1879.
dealer, who said that he had a private
customer for them at 12,500.
“ Off-color” diamonds wiil briDg from
SSO to SIOO a carat, but there is little de
mand except for a really perfect stone,
and the nearer pure white the better.
Since the discovery of the South African
diamond fields, about twelve years ago,
the price of diamonds has fallen about
75 per centum of what it was before.
Contrary to general opinion New York
is one of the oest diamond markets in
the world. Moreover they can be bought
here quite as cheaply as in London or
Paris. The duty on unset diamonds is
only 10 per centum, and on uncut stones
there is no duty at all.
VESUVIUS.
mOTer? nee Hri e<-n the Lava of: be fra
ml Krnpilo-: and fhal of is;*.
London Academy.
I first ascended Vesuvius in January,
1875, at which time the crater was full
of sulphurous smoke, ro that it was quite
impossible to descend into it. Later in
the year hydrochloric acid appeared,
which indicate-:, an intensification of the
volcanic activity, and on December 18
a deep chasm opened in the floor of the
crater, and anew cone was formed above
the chasm, from which small quantities
of lava issued from time to time. On
the night of November 1 1878, the lava
was emitted in greater quantity, and it
rose to the level of the lowest lip of the
crater, and began to flow down the great
cone of the mountain in a northwesterly
direction.
When I ascended Vesuvius on Decem
ber 29 last the lava was still very hot,
and in some places red hot just beneath
the surface. Having reached the sum
mit of the cone, by toe usual route, we
bore to the west, and walked along th:
rim of the great crater until we came to
the side toward Monte di Somma, where
the crater was broken down by the new
lava. We then descended by a very
steep path into the bottom of the crater,
and immediately saw the new cone on
our right, vomiting clouds of smoke and
steam, and ejecting red-hot scorise Lo a
height of several hundred feet. The
most notable feature of the new lava was
the quantity o’ red and yellow sublimates
of sciquichloride of iron, which appeared
in many .clefts and cavities in the Java,
from which alto issued hydrochloric acid
in abundant, stifling fumes
We approached as near as we could to
the new cone, nd stood upon a heap of
cinders which it had ejected, nearly on a
level with its mouth. It is quite small
indeed not much larger than a large iron
furnace—but its dynamic activity is
considerable. Lumps or scorise were
continousiy ejected, and sometimes the
ground shook under our feet, and loud
noises, like the surging of a furious sea,
were apparent. Sometimes a more
sudden and furious outburst would
occur, arid would i cutter the red-hot.
fragments all around, A mass weighing
four ounces fell within six feet of where
I was standing, and. when this was fol
lowed by a piece at least seven times as
large l beat s. hasty retreat, for a guide
had been kilted a fortnight before by
an ejected stone falling on his head.
The lava of 1878 does not resemble that
of 1872 ; it is much more leucitic in
character, and possesses a fine black lus
ter when cold, The sublimates in its
clefts are veiy interesting, both as to
form and composition. They consist
mostly of sals and chloride of iron, but
Palmieri has also detected chloride of am
monium, chloride of lithium, and boracic
acid, The ne w cone is still in a slightly
active condition, and Palmieri antici
pates that it will increase.
Women Voters in Kansas.
iQciian.ipotis Horrid Letter from Balitia.
A Hoosier sees in Kansas many new
and unfamiliar sights, but none more
interesting than that of the ladies voting.
They have the privilege of voting in all
matters pertaining to schools. As far as
my observation goes, the ladies here have
minds of their own. They neither vote
for the “handsomest man” nor the one
their husbands tell them to vote for,
unless the candidate is, in their own
opinion, the proper one. Their votes
can not be bought. They are univer
sally oa the side of morality and tem
perance ; hence the workers in the tem
perance cause are warm advocates of
equal suffrage. Election days pass
quietly. If there is any drinking or
fighting done, it is not at the polls.
Everything :a orderly there, notwith
standing con rary reports circulated by
anti-suffragists in the eastern states.
Candidates keep carriages running for
the accoramediation of the ladies, but
a great many walk up and deposit their
vote. As the remit, so far, has been
very satisfactory, even to the men (the
brutes), it will probably be but a short
time until equal suffrage is granted.
The gentlemen show their gallantry and
taith in the ability of the ladies by ap
pointing them to office. The enrolling
clerks of the legislature are ladies; also
a large portion of the county superin
tendents, who, in every instance, dis
charge their duties in a manner that
givfs universal satisfaction. We have
in this city among the ladies a Dhysician.
a printer, ard numerous clerk q agents
and women car ying on business success
fully in various ways. One of them is a
barber, who supports herself and chil
dren comforiably. Ladies are not so
plenty here s.s in Indiana. Perhaps that
is the reason they are so well respected
and protected. In proof of which we
often see advertisements for wives, by
some of tho young men who took
Greeley's advice some time ago, and now
have handsome farms and homes of their
own. I noticed in a paper a few days
since the offer of a fine horse to the per
son who would assist the advertiser in
securing a “good, industrious wife.”
..Fat cook (with conscious blushes,
to the lady who wants to engage her):
“ As te there bein’ no followers allowed,
mum, you might reccollect, as you’ve
been single yourself; and a girl as is
rayther showy in figger can’t well help
’em cornin’ s boot.”
.. Black in never usedjCat funerals in
Russia, nor worn br mourners. It is
only in England and America that peos
pie look as horrible as they ctn In order
\ to advertise the death of a relative,
THE GREAT ICE AGE.
Hhi the Krirml.u Have lo ay Abonl
Another .!aot .l Period.
The scientists announce th t in fifty
thousand years hence this earth will
encounter another glacial period,
vast icebergs will again grind their way
across our continent, and play havoc
generally. Sir William Herechel thought
the great ice age was produced by heat
and not by cold. That time was when
the sun shone much hotter on the earth
than now, and the force of its rays beat
ing on the great oceans near the equator
vaporized large qualities of water and
floated it out into aqueous atmosphere,
which was wafted north into a cold cli
mate near the pole, where it was con
densed by cold into heavy clouds and
fell upon the earth in iorm of snow;
that such great bodies of snow arid ice
fell during the winter that the short
summers that followed were insufficient
to melt them away, and year after year
the mass slowly accumulated at the
poles and gradually crept down upon
the temperate zones, until the ice cap
covered the whole northern portion of
our continent and nearly all of Earop *
also the southern hemisphere. This
theory would seem at first qu te rational,
for we know it is a hundred degrees
colder at the poles than ia necessary to
congeal water; hence, what is wanting
to form great fields of ice is not cold,
but heat, to vapor z 3 the material at the
equator and float it north. The more
heat the more vapor, and the more
vapor the more ice, for if it were a hun
dred degrees warmer at the poles than
now it would still be cold enough to
form ice.
But the testimony of the rocks is in
favor of the belief that there has been
more than one glacial period, and the
above view demands the assumption
that the sun was cooler between the ice
periods, that it wa3 intermittent in its
beat. There aie no known facts to war
rant this conclusion. The theory more
generally accepted by the scientists of
to-day is that the glacial period was
produced by the varying eccentricity of
the earth in its path around the sun.
Prof. Paige, in his recent lecture, thus
described this theory :
“ The earth travels around the snn
once a year, not in a circle, but in an
ellipse, 2.000,000 miles longer iha.-i it is
wide, and the eccentricity of this ellipse
is not always the same ; that is to say,
we are now, in the northern hemisphere,
in the winter season, 2,000.000 miles
nearer the sun than in the summer.
About 300,000 years (and some put it
as high as 1,000,000 years) ago, the
earth’s path commenced elongating, so
that it went out 14,000 000 miles further
from the sun than ite nearest pr iximity,
and by the precession of the equinox
(which I have now no time to explain),
cnce in 10,500 years our winter seasons
in the northern hemisphere occur when
we aie farthest from the sun, and the
same of the southern hemisphere. This,
it wiil be seen, would give us hot sum
mers and long, cold winters, and the
phenomenon would repeat itself and
produce succeeding ibe ages, which
seems in accordance with the facts.
“ And to this wonderful provision of
nature our mother earth is indebted for
the conditions that make her the abode
ol life. The earth’s crust was one rock—
hard, unyielding rock, and there was no
soil to nourish vegetation. The soil
upon its bosom now is all ground rock.
The task of grinding, crushing such an
immense quautitv of rock would have
occupied the simple wash of waters and
force of winds and the action of carbonic
acid gas more ages than the wildest
geologist has ever ascribed to our globe.
“ Fragments of great ice-fieids (ice
bergs larger than a township, lager than
a county, possibly, and a half mile in
thickness, with vast sections of the
earth’s crust of rock frozen beneath them)
then floating out, and, resting upon rocks
again, they rocked and rolled and swayed
and ground, rock upon rock, for thou
sands (f years, impelled by the waves
and winds. It has been thought by
many, and perhaps most, scientific men,
that during these periods there was a
subsidence of the continents covered by
the ice-fields that caused their submer
gence. I nave thought that a subsidence
was not necessary, that the melting of
the vast ice-caps during the hot summers
would send a flood of water down over
the land of sufficient depth to float the
largest icebergs. What a strange scene
to contemplate, our grand prairies cov
ered by an immense ocean (possibly of
ire-h water), floating great schools ot
icebergs in wild, desolate confudon—the
roar of the ocean, the awful crushing and
grinding ot ice and rock, pierced only by
the scream of the sea bird, who, with
God alone, beheld the vast waste.”
And all this desolation, they tell us,
is to come upon our beautiful earth
again. In fifty thousand years will com
mence a recurrence of the great glacial
epoch. The prophecy is an interesting
one, and is well worth examination ; but
with the assurance that there is to be no
change of climate on the earth until
that lime, we present mortals can close
the book upon the important intelli
gence and conclude not to worry.
A Little Ghost Story.
Mrs. G , with her two little girls,
of the respective ages of eight and nine
years, had been staying in the country
oa a visit to her sister in-law; but hav
ing taken a hou-“e near London, she sent
the two children with their nurse off by
an early train, following herself by one
a few hours later. Toward the evening
of the same day, one of the little girls
walked into a room of the house which
they bad quitted in the morning, where
a cousin, to whom she was much at
tached, was sitting at his studies, and
said to him : “ I have come to say good
by, Walter; I shall never a> e you again.’
Then kissing him she vanished from the
room. The young man was greatly
startled and astonished, as he had him
self seen both the little girls and their
nurse off by the morning train. At this
very time of the evening both tha chil
dren in England were taken suddenly
ill, while playing in their new home, a
few hours after they had arrived. The
doctor called in pronounced their com
plaint to be small-pox of the meet malig
nant kind. They both died within the
week, but the youngest died first. The
day after she waa buried, the poor
bereaved mother was anxiously waiting
the last hours of the one still left, for
whom she well knew ne chance of life
remained. Suddenly the sick child woke
from a kind of stupor and exclaimed,
“ O, look mamma ! look, at the beautiful
angels!” pointing to the top of the bed.
Mrs. G- saw nothing, hut heard soft,
sweet music, which seemed to float in
the air. Again the child exclaimed, “O
dear, mamma, there is Minnie!” She
smiled and appeared greatly pleased. At
this moment Mrs G—- distinctly heard
a voice say: “ Come, dear Id ;I am
waiting for you ! ” The sick child smiled
once again, and died without a struggle.
Long did the poor mother remember
overhearing a childish conversation be
tween the two little ones, in which the
youngest said to the other that she felt
sure she should die first, and would be
certain to come and fetch her.
Recent Postoffice Ruling’s.
Western Postal Review.
Pocket knives are uumaiiable.
It is the duty of a mail carrier to re
ceive mail matter properly prepaid and
inclosed iu United States stamped en
velopes, when one mile or more from a
postoffice.
A paper printed in one county and
published in another can not be sent to
subscribers residing in both counties.
A mark calling attention to some par
ticular paragraph in a newspaper does
not subject it to any additional postage.
Crayon drawings are subject to letter
rates of postage, the same as any other
matter p oduced by pen or pencil.
The postal laws prohibit the exchange
of postage stamps of one denomination
for those of other denominations.
Some part of a publication must be
printed in the county wherein the
claimed office of publication is located,
tc enable the same to be sent free to
subscribers residing iu said county.
(See ruling No. 3.)
There is no law excluding postal cards
from the mails because of notices of in
debtedness being printed or written
thereon, but no indecent language, terms
or epithets will be allowed in such
notices.
Ali letters having one full-rate pre
paid must be forwaided. Second and
third clais matter must be fully prepaid.
When a newspaper has been refused
by the party addressed it is simply the
duty of the postmaster to notify the
publisher that such is the case, after
which, if the paper continues to arrive
in the mails, he should place it with
other waste paper, to be sold at tho end
of the quarter.
The postal law forbids the renting of
boxes iu postoffioes to two families or
firms.
A printed business card may be mailed
at third-class rates, provided it has no
writing upon it other than the address.
Regular newspapers cannot be admit
ted to the mails at ponnd rates when a
handbill or circular is inclosed.
A publication not entitled to be sent
in the mails at pound rates cannot be
sent as an “ exchange ” at the pound
rates.
Postmasters at other than letter-car
rier offices are obliged to distribute loca
(county) newspapers, intended for regu
lar subscribers, from the boxes or gen
eral delivery of their offices free of charge;
provided the same are properly dried,
folded and addressed
A postmaster cannot use the post
office boxes as a medium to advertise his
business without fully prepaying all
postage, the same as any one else would
be required to do.
The postoffice department rules that
no posti ffice shall be kept in a bar
room or a room directly connected there
with, nor must any mail be opened or de
livered in any such room.
Letters passing through the mails can
uot lawfully be opened by any officers of
the law for the purpose of detecting
criminals.
It is no part of a postmaster’s busi
ness to inquire of a person receiving
newspapers, prepaid at pound rates,
whether they are subscribers or not, nor
13 there any restriction in the number a
person may receive, except in the case
of tree country newspapers.
Tame Birds.
A correspondent of Land and Water
gives these interesting instances of the
tameness of birds: I had a jackdaw
that used to follow the carriage for miles
when we drove in hue if
we went to the town, about a mile and
a half distant, Jack wouli remain on
the walls of the old castle, outside the
town, until we returned, and then fly
round and round the pony’s bead, finally
alighting on the splash-board. If we
met any other conveyance, he always
fl ;w off into the hedge. I likewise had
a little b ue tit, who used to settle on
the tall trees near the house, and co.xe
down when called, alighting otten 'on
my head or shoulders. A lady, an ac
quaintance of mine, had, she says, a
canary so tame that it used to pull her
hair out of her curls t line its nest
with. This very severe winter has tamed
the wild birds in this neighborhood. My
window is constantly besieged by them ;
robins, finches, sparrows and blackbirds,
come flying up directly it is opened, for
I am in the habit of feeding them during
frosty weather. One, a redbreast, is the
master. He is such a greedy little fel
low ; he eats his fill and then sits on the
plate, keeping all the other birds at bay,
and uttering such shrill shrieks, I am
otten obliged to go and drive him off so
that they may come and pick a few
crumbs up. A young friend ef mine
put a whole leaf out, a hah-quarter cut
in two, and it was so amu-ing to see
Bobby, after the birds had picked out
the crumb?, ensconce himself in the
shell, and scream out defiance to all his
com panions. _______
..When a Hartford 'woman patted
her friend’s seven-year-old youngster on
the head and said, “I should like to have
such a little boy as you are,” he looked
uo into her face and replied : “ Well, I
guess you can. I don’t believe God’s
lost the pattern of me.”
. .The Piutes believe that a physician
ought to be killed $ a Boon its five ol hie
patiests have died.
DROWNING NOT DEATH.
A Sear Th(rj* ihr Satjeet tbat Merits
Attention.
The New York Post has an article
from Dr. T. S. Lambert upon drowning,
which merits attention. He understands
drowning not to be death, but suspended
animation. It may and does become
death, but only after a certain time.
When a persons drowns, water does not
go into and fill the lungs, a? is commonly
supposed. The same acti nof the orgsns
that prevents water getting into the
“ wrong throat,” prevents it when we
drown. The breathing is stopped ; this
stops the action of the heart, and the
blood pres es on the brain, and uncon
sciousness ensues. The animal heat
passes away, the fatty parts of the body
become hard, and the whole organization
rigid. In this condition the lungs have
lost their power to expaud, the heart
cannot beat, the veins cannot convey the
blood. Up to the time the changes
occur that annihilate life, Dr. Lambert”
considers recovery from drowning or
other forms of suffocation possible. Va
rious facts led him to this conclusion.
Drowned flies, put in the sun, recover
and fly away. A hen, partly frozen ar.d
wholly drowned, recovered on being put
by a stove. Other hens were drowned
to test this fact, and rec >vered by being
made warm. A cat drowned, then left
in the sun, recovered. A dog was in
tentionally drowned three different
times, cnce twenty minutes under the
water; each time he recovered on being
laid in the hot sun. Dr. Lambert has
brought to life eight persons, who had
been drowned, using only heat as the
means ot recovery. The doctor gives
six rules for the recovery of drowned
persons:
1. A recently drowned person is not
dead ; knowing that, be hopeful, be cool,
and be prompt
2. When the drowned person is taken
out of the water, turn his face down, for
a moment only, to allow any water m
the nose or throat to run cut. There is
no water in the lungs, consequently no
rolling on a barrel, to get out what is not
in, is required ; what has been swallowed
into the stomach wiil do no harm. Lay
the patient out of currents of air, upon
the back, the head slightly raised.
3. If he has to be removed to where
heat can be applied, keep the head and
body in the above position during the
removal.
4 If there must be delay before heat
can be reached, take off the wet clothes
and wrap around the patient dry articles
from the bystanders’ apparel; several
thickness aie best.
5. As soon as heat is at hand, apply it
as ingenuity and circumstances suggest
to be most likely to quickly and thorouhly
warm the body. When that is accom
plished, theory and fact agree in assur
ing us that, it life yet persists, the heart
will begin to beat; happily soon followed
by breathing, both feebly and un’re
quently at first, but more strongly and
faster until they become natural, when
consciousness will return. If the heart
gives one b;at, or the lungs one gasp, no
more need be done; keep the person
warm and he wiil soon be “ all right.”
6 Suffocation in any other manner
should be treated in the same way, ex- !
cept that in choking and in strangling
the substances causing these conditions
should be first removed ; and in case of
breathing poisonous gas or smoke, arti
ficial respiration should first be tried
until the gas or smoke has been changed
for good air in the lungs. Heat may be
used by soaking blankets or other articles
in hot water and applying them ; put
ting bottles of hot water to the feet;
hot dry blankets, and even lying in a
hot sun or before a fire with heat ap
plied to the extremities, may be resorted
to. The thing is to apply heat to the
whole .surface of the body as soon as pos-
B jble—taking the tea or coffee from the
pot on the table as it is handiest—and to
do it by the means most readily rc3es
sible as circumstances will allow and the
judgment directs.
The means here directed are simple,
and the reader who retains a recollection
ot them may some day ba the instru
ment of saving a life.
The Goelet Millions.
Peter Goelot, bachelor and million
aire, owns more real estate than any
other man in New York, the present
head of the Astor family excepted. His
brother, Robert, married and pretty well
supplied with heirs, is also a real estate
millionaire and worth very nearly as
much money as Peter. The two broth
ers inherited their property and have
taken excellent care of it. They own
many houses on Broadway and acres of
land in various other parts of the city,
but principally up town. It has been
their custom ail along to lease their land
rather than build on it. They charge a
rent of 5 per ceiit on the value, and they
sometimes adva.ee money to the lessee
to build, taking a mortgage as security.
The lesiee has to pay all taxes and other
expenses, so the 6 per cent is a clear in
come. Since the hard times began the
Goelets have become the owners of many
of the houses erected on their land.
Most of these houses were built in flush
times by speculators, with borrowed
money, some of which was advanced by
the Goelets .When the mortgage intere't
became due and the speculators could
not pay, having been unable to either
sell the houses or rent them, the mort
gjges were foreclosed, and in most case
the houses were bought by the owners oi
the land. It was a perfectly legitimate
proceeding, of course, but it meant ruin
to hundreds and profit to only one or two
—ons Goelet, or possibly both. The
wealth of the family has been greatly
increased in this way, and there are many
broken-down builders and speculators in
New York who curse the day they had
anything to do with a Goelet les.se. The
largest building erected on Goelet land
is the Windsor Hotel, which was sold
under foreclosure a few weeks ago. The
Goelets had mortgages on it amounting
to about SIBO,OOO, for money advanced
to build it. John T. Daly, who bor
rowed the money, became insane ant!
hanged himself in a shanty across the
East river. His heirs held the property,
but it finally became too heavy for them
Mortgage interest fell due; they could
not pay, and a foreclosure was ordered.
A represeamiTS of ttie Soelcti ittoßcied
S. A. CUNNINGHAM.
I the sale and bid ap until the price went
above the mortgages. He then with
drew ahd other parties continued the
bidding until $351,000 was reached, and
the property was knocked down to an
agent of the Daly heirs. At the time ol
Mr. Daly’s death the val ue of the prop
erty was estimated at $750 000.
Eccentricities of the Sword-Fish.
Hartford Courant.
Visitors at New London, Block Island
or other of our fishing ports have no
doubt noticed that at the end of tl e
bowsprit of the larger sized fishing boats
there is often an iron cage or frame, so
made as to be safe for a man to stand in
it. This is the place from which the
fisherman throws the harpoon to capture
the sword-fish, and the sword-fish is just
now the subject of considerable discus
sion. Its ways have at least as much
mystery as the shad, salmon, herring
or any other unaccountablas that we
have.
Professor G. R. Gooie is studying up
the matter, preparatory to a report to
the government. Some of the interest
ing features of the fish are these: It is
found here and there from spring to fall
in the ocean on our coast, lying “asleep,”
the sailors call it, on the ver/ surface of
the water. Nobody on the American
coast, as far as reported, ever saw a little
sword fish. The smallest recorded by a
correspondent of the Forest and Stream
weighed forty-six pounds. They run up
to 600 pounds. Their only known breed
ing ground is in the Mediterranean.
There the same fish are found weighing
half a pound ; from that they go up*to
very heavy measurement. It is nat
urally inferred from this that all our
sword fish are Mediterranean products.
What mysterious ocean current guides
them over here? Or is it an instinct
that teaches them that here they will
find the mackerel and menhaden that
they 'eed ou ? One can almost imagine
that the game flight and pursuit kept up
by these two species starts at Gibraltar,
and is run to Block Island every day.
The sword-fish darts upon a school of
ptey, and by skillful use of its swoTd
wounds that it afterward captures and
eats. Until this season nobody ever
thought of catching it except by har
poons. This year, however, it has taken
the habits of the trawls—bottom lines—
of the Cape Ann codfishermen, and
many sword fish have been caught in
this novel way. What they come up
and sleep for is one of the puzzles of
their natures. They come and go as the
mackerel and menhaden, and from that
it is naturally concluded that they spend
t,Seir time chasing these small fish.
V/iiat with sharks, sword-fish, porpoises,
biuefish, sea-gulls, eagles and seines, and
S 1 the rest a-ter them, the fish of the
herring tribes have led such lives of
flight and terror that it is no longer a
wonder that the movements of any
school of them seem always guided by
au inherent idiocy. It is less strange of
them that they are all the while victims
than that, being caught by millions
yearly, they should steadily increase.
There were never more menhaden on
our coast than this year.
A Bravo but Fruitless Effort
The recent inundation in Hungary,
though on a large scale, bears a close
resemblance to the terrible calamity that
devastated the Swiss valley of Martigny
half a century ago, which is still re
membered as one of the most formidable
floods ever witnessed in that part o’
Europe. In the spring of 1818, the
D.anee, which flows through the vallev,
It 8 ened by degrees till its channel was
left perfectly dry. A party sent to
rcconaoiter found the river completely
blocked by the falling of a huge mass of
ice, behind which the rising waters were,
drowning the upland villages one by
tne, while the lower ground was left
waterUss and parching. It was instantly
resolved to avert the threatened outburst
by cutting a tunnel through the i?e,
and running the water off by degrees.
The execution of this arduous task was
one of the most heroic exploits on record.
For five whole weeks the indomitable
men, wi'fc death staring them in the
‘ace, toiled night and day in alternate
gangs, the water rising aromd them
from below, the half-melted ice thunder
ing down upon them frem above, and
the danger of a sudden overflow increas
ing with every hour. By some miscal
culation, the two sections of the tunnel,
commenced from opposite sides, had a
twenty-foot difference of levee which
cost several days additional labor to
rectify. At length the water began to
fljw, and all danger seemed over, when
suddenly the base of the iee-barrier,
already weakened by the growing heat
of summer, gave way with a terrific
crash, and the whole body of water burst
forth at once, sweeping down the valley
with the speed of an express traiD. Its
force and volume may be estimated by
the fact that a solid bridge, ninety feet
above the ordinary lev* 1 of the river,
was torn away like & thread. Of the
whole town of Martigny, nothing escaped
but the ruined castle on its highest
ridge, the destruction of life and property
being so great that ;or the time being
the beautiful valley was turned into an
absolute desert.
The Oldest Mau in tli* World.
The oldest man in the world is claimed
to be one Miguel Soiis, living at Bogota,
in the republic of San Salvador. Dr.
Hernandez writes to the New Pesther
Journal the following particulars : His
name figures in the list of subscribers to
the Franciscan convent of San Sebastian
in 1712. He can still work ; his skin is
like parchment, his hair plentiful, but
snow-white, and rolled about his head
in turban fashion. His eyes are full of
fire. He answered every question in the
clearest manner, and accounted for his
astonishing longevity in these words:
“ 1 have never to my .recollection eaten
more than once a day. The first and
fifteenth of each month l fast rigorously
from all food, but drink a great quantity
of water. I always eat my food cold. I
have never committed the least excess in
drinking.” ..
A temperance law has been so rigid
ly enforced in the vicinity of Toronto,
that the tavern keepers of Newm&rket
have closed their bouses and agreed not
(o reopen ttem till the m is repealed.
WAIFS AND WHIMS.
THE SO AD T > 81.0 MBEB-LAN.
W hit to ths roi-t to Slum lr-Uml-f *nd <*<>•■
the biby go t
She road ll<* air*i<ht through mo.har arms whan
th • sun Us tinting low-
He gots by th diowty ‘ land ol nod” to the land
of- lullabr,”
Who:, all wee lambtarotafe In tboLfd, undo the
opening ky.
A toft llttlo ni htgown clean and while a face
wash 'd tweet and fair;
A mother brushing the tangle* out of the allten
golden hair;
Two lit'le tir>d satiny feet, from th > shoe and the
stocking free,
Two little points together clasped, at the mother’s
patient knee;
Some baby word' that are drowsily lltped to tl •
tender Shepherd's ear;
And a ki-s taat only the mot..er ean piaeo on the
brow of her baby dear;
A little roued held which nestles at last oloee to
the mother’s breast,
And then tha lulUby, soft and low, singing the
sang of rest;
And closerand closer the b’ua-vslned U-is are hit
ing the baby's eyes,
As over the roid to Alumoar-land the dear little
traveler hlee.
For this is the w>y, throujh mother’s Mips, all
little babies go,
To the beautiful City of Slumber-land, when the
sun is sinking low.
..When Paul Boynton gets down
among the alligators there will be more
interest in his voyage than at present.
.. As an eminent medical authority
has asserted that kissing and hugging
are dangerous 1o health, a cynical Boston
paper reccommends marriage as a sure
preventive,
..One reason why the south is not a
favorite roaming ground for tramps, is
because it is the best section of country
in earth for dogs with eighteen teeth in
the front row.
..Did you ever see two tuen, when
they stop on the street to talk, cross
over and back at every aentence ? And
yet they do this on the stage in order to
appear “ naturH*’
..Love may be blind, but we have
yet to see a young man who prefers the
gas turned on full head to a chat in
the moonlight. It may be economy and
it may not—probably not.
.There are too many women in the
woild; sixty thousand more women
than men in Massachusetts,” growled the
husband. “ That is the ‘ survival of the
fittest,’ my dear,” replied the wife.
On the boulevard : You look sad?”
“ Have you not heard?” “ No.” “My
wife has been taken away.” “ Mine al
so, a month ago.” “It was cold in the
chest.” “in the case of my wife it was
the coachman.”
.. A little girl was asked by her moth
er, on her return home from church, how
she liked the preacher. “ Didn’t like
him at all,” was the reply. “Why?”
asked the mother. “’Cause he preached
till he made me sleepy, and then hollered
so loud he wouldn't let m go to sleep.”
Don’t Be Too Fresh.
Certain bores, who think it an evi
dence of being a good fellow to call gen
tlemen, with whom they have only a
slight acquaintance, by their first names,
may be edified upon reading that a deci
sion ou politeness was recently given
by the supreme court at Boston. A
hotel clerk sued his employers, who had
discharged him before his time was up,
they alleging that he had injured their
business by being too familiar with
guests in addressing them by their
Christian names or surnames only. The
allegation was admitted and the court
said :
“ To address a person by his Christian
name, unless the parties have been inti
mately connected, socially and otherwise,
is uncalled for familiarity, and, therefore,
insulting to the party so addressed. To
address a party by his surname only,
shows a want of respect, and would
imply that the party so addressed was
beneath the party addressing; therefore,
it is discourteous, and would be consid
ered insulting. To speak of employers
by their surname only, shows a great
want of respect on the part of the
employee toward the employer. While
it may be customary for a person to
address his junior clerks or under ser.
vanfs by their Christian or surnames, to
address others so shows a want of respect,
and the party so addressed would natur
ally evade contact in the future with
anyone who had previously so addressed
him.”
Politeness, added the court, costs
nothing ; but the want of it had cost the
plaintiff the loss of his situation. The
complaint was dismi-sed with costs.
Some Beaeousfieltl Epigrams.
Lord Beacensfield said fo a member of
the Manchester chamber of commerce,
who came to tell him that the chamber
intended to vote resolutions condemna
tory of the ministerial policy on the
eastern question: “ I have heard a
great deal about Manchester ‘clayed
cotton,’ which is disgracing the English
name in China. Please tell the chamber
that if they attend to my business I
will try and attend to theirs.”
Equally smart was a stricture of his
upon Birmingham, pronounced in the
hearing of thß heir of the throne, whom
it tickled : “ A curious city, Birming
ham ; its prosperity is founded on the
manufacture of instruments ol war and
sham jewelry; yet it has the disinter*
estedness to elect three members (Bright,
Dixon and Muntz) whodon’tknow a gun
barrel from a pea-shooter, and who never
had a watch chain between thnn”
Of Mr. Carlyle he said : “He had
his reasons for writing civilly of Crom
well _ Cromwell would have hanged
him.”
Of Mr. Browning : “ I like Mr. Brown
ing’s versts, and wish somebody would
translate them into English.”
A lady was telling the premier that
she had been to Mr. Spurgeon’s taber
nacle and had heard him preach a scath
ing political sermon in which he (Lord
B ) was much abused. “I wish I had
been there,” was the dry rejoinder. “ I
have heard he can be very amusing.”
Strange Coincidence.
Avery extraordinary act is just now
the talk of one of our West End hotelß,
iftrites a London correspondent. A lady
who has lately arrived from Australia
had a dream about six weeks ago that
her half-sister who is still in the colo
nies, had been accidentally killed. The
dieam impressed itself upon her so
strongly that she made a note of it in
her diary, telling her husband about it
at the time. A day or two since she
received the sad intelligence that the
lady in question had leen accidentally
killed by being thrown from a carriage,
and on consulting her diary found that,
allowing for the difference of time be
tween London and the colony, her sister
had been killed about the time of the
dream. The story is not a ficti n; I
have ascertained the facts and can vouch
for its truth. It reveals a very stranj
CQiocideacfi. tf sotfaiog more,