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THE YARN MILKS. Hoiuf’ IrtirmUnx laft ani 'Figrnwvm A houl thi* ii real StnpnUoii - Money for the Ivnlli. [ Atlanta Constitution. f In writing recently of the results of the experiment of the proprietors of the model little yarn mill at Westminister S. 0., we were led into making some ap proximate comparisons of the amount of money that would be saved to the planters and to the South, if each neighborhood worked its cotton into yarn before sending it to market. In the very nature of tilings, the figures we used could be only approximately correct, but they were based upon the results of the Westminster yarn factory, which are undeniably correct. Thus, for instance, the yarns are spun fr§m the seed cotton. This fact, which is a fact, annihilates the coat of cotton-gin, packing, screws, bagging and ties. Annihilates, did we say 1 On the contrary, the cost—the ex pense of keeping the gin3 in order and of employing labor to run them, the cost of bagging and ties —is in a moment turned into ready cash, which the farmer retains in his pocket. This is the first and immediate result of the new process. Let us, in this connection, present some more figures that are at least approxi mately correct. At the very lowest estimate, the services of one hundred thousand gins art 1 required to aid in pre paring a cron of 5,000,000 b ties of cotton in market. We will assume, therefore, that there are 100,000 gin houses in the South, and that these gin-houses are worth $750 each. Some are worth more and some less, but we will roughly estimate their worth at f 750, which makes the value of the Southern gin-houses $75,- 000,000. How often dot s tins property have to lie renewed. We cun give no figures here, but it is sufficient to say that from the Ist of September, 1874, to the Ist of September, 1875, the news papers of Georgia chronicled the burn ing of 140 gin-houses. The chronicle was kept by tw r o papers, the Columbus Enq • irer and the Savann; k News, and the first made the number 140 and the latter 130— if we remember correctly. Add to this those that were never reported to the newspapers and we have 136 gin-hou3es burned in Georgia in one year. From February, 1872, to September, 1573, ac cording to a tolerably careful list kept by one of the editors of the Savannah News, there were 157 gin-houses destroyed in Georgia by fire. This is a terrible record, but every succeeding year has added to the list, and scarcely a day paa=*es that our exchanges do not chronicle the destruction of one or m ore gin-houses. It must be obvious, therefore, that to any estimate of the value of the 100,000 gin-houses in the South must be added the cost of renewing them more frequent ly than any other species of property, This may be called the risk, and amoun ts to a considerable per cent, of the $75,- 000,000, though liovv much we shall not undertake to say. Another fact tv? be taken iuto consideration is that this property is in use on an average only one month of the twelve—which is equivalent to paying a year’s interest on a sum of money for the privilege of using it one month. The thoughtful reader can make estimate fitted to his information. We have merely given the cue; but any estimate must show a terrible array of figures to offset the profits of the cotton crop, and the waste is worse than the drain. Just here the Westminster pro cess steps in between the planter and his gin-houses, and by abolishing the latter and rendering their renewal Use less, puts se mnty-five millions in the empty pockets of the South. But this is not all. At a low estimate it costs the planter $1.50 to prepare his bale of cotton for market after i is ginned—in dress it in an appropriate suit of bagging and bind it with ties Let us say. then, that the bagging and ties of a crop of 5,000,000 bales costs the South $5,250,- 000 in cash or its equivalent. In the present condition of things it is a cost that is absolute and inevitable, and to annihilate it is to add the sum it repres ents to the profits of the cotton crop. This, according to the testimony of eye witnesses, is what the Westminster mill does. The cotton is taken from the baskets as it comes from the field and converted into marketable yarns, far more valuable for all purposes of trade and commerce than the cotton that has been ginned, baled and compressed. At a rough estimated, 100 per cent, has been added to the price it will fetch the farmer, so that with all the cost of gin house s out of the way, the vast cost of bagging and ties, the loss in sampling and stealage, the cost of weighing and storage, and the thousand and one com missions annihilated, the farmer has his cotton in the shape of yarns, and, leav ing out of sight all the saving in the costs that are done away with, it is wortl.i 100 per cent, more than the cot ton that is prepared for market in the old way. We must confess that we are inclined to be enthusiastic in regard to this new process. There can be no sort of mistake as to what it and we be hove it is a solution of a problem that lias long vexed the South. In our opinion it revolutionizes the prospects of this section and opens up to us a future of unexampled prosperity. Are we too sanguine? This depends upon whether the ■ Westminster mill can accomplish these results with which it has been credited by those who have seen it. We have been told that some prominent manufacturers, after looking at the ma chinery of the mill, have doubted the accuracy of the reports that led them thitiwer. But they were deceived by the very quality which gives the mill its vaiue— namely, its simplicity. Used to ponderous machinery, they could not conceive how such simplicity could pro duce such wonderful results, but they were convinced after witnessing the Operations of the mill, iiosbeit, no one need make a mistake in tht matter. The- Westminster mil! and others of the same kind are all easy of No one who has any thought of investing can go astray or be misled by anything that may be said by en thusiastic newspapers. The process is open to inspection. We look forward to the day when the bulk of the Southern cotton crop will be turned into yarns on the plantations or in the farming neigh borhoods—when every settlement of planters shall be transformed into a manufacturing town with its churches and its schools—when the South will be as rich and as powerful commercially and intellectually as the North and tne East—when her thrift shall be as wide spread and her industries as numerous as those of New England. Capital is always on the alert, and it will need no formal invitation to invest in these yarn mills if the facts are as represented. The most hopeful feature of the new process is that it is inexpensive enough to allow our own people to invest in the necessary machinery, and in every neigh borhood the smallest farmers can, by co operating with each other, set one of these little factories in prof!'able motion. From every point of vio the matter is well worthy the serious attention of the South. An Essay on Man. Man was made in dry weather, He was made of dust. Quite a number have never re covered from their creation; they are still dry. It’s a man’s nature to be discontented. Adam had a monopoly, but he could not be happy without someone to crow over. For a while lie knocked around over the Garden of Eden, and then went to the house; but he had to cook his own supper, there was no stove-wood chopped and things went on in a bad shape gener ally. The next morning it was the same way. He had to make his own bed and sweep out. His socks were dirty and his arm would run through a hole in his sleeve. So he was dissatisfied. The next night, when he went to sleep the creator punished him by making one of his ribs into a woman, a great misfort une to the race. It has been six thousand years since that rib was lost, and yet man continues feeling for it. This is a very feeling subject. Pursuit in this case is said to be sweeter than possession. After Eve got acquainted with her mate, she vowed that all the men in the world were not worth Adam, G oliah was a man. A fop is a male who is ashamed of his sex, and attempts to conceal the fact that he is a man. Concealment in such cases is attended with but little trouble. It is only neces sary to part his hair in the middle. The family man resembles an oyster on the half-shell. The shell is known at home —the soft side abroad. Some men carry this remsemblance in their faces. A great many men have countenances like oysters. Job is said to have been a very patient man. He had boils all over him. Many a man now boils all over him self when the preacher reaches “thir teenthly” on a hot summer day, and never thinks of the grandeur of Job’s ex ample. Brilliant, But a Failure. Macaulay’s feats of memory, as recorded in his biography, have astonished read ers. He could repeat the whole of Par adise Lost and several other long poems. But one of his school-fellows, YVilliam Grant, an idle fellow, who preferred go ing about the country to getting his les sons, far excelled him in memorizing. Lord Teignmouth, also Grant’s school fellow, says in his “Reminiscences,” that he kn*?w him, when but fifteen. to repeat the whole of the Iliad, the Georgies, three books of the JEnid, and the most of Horace’s Odes. Gifted as he was in this respect, he failed at Cambridge Uni versity, and in everything be undertook. His constitutional indolence prevented his rise. An incident which occurred while he was private secretary for his brother, Lord Gleneig, President of the Indian Board, shows an inveterate incapacity to attend to his work. Macaulay was the public secretary of the India Board, and one day was attending the sitting. Some urgent affair was being discussed, when Grant entered the council chamber and whispered to Macaulay that he was particularly wanted outside. Macaulay replied that he could not then leave his post. Grant, however,, hovered about and renewed his request until Macaulay followed him out of the room. Going to a door, the idle fellow threw it open, and pointing to a Yorkshire pie, ready to be eaten, said, — “This is preferable to business.” Macaulay, who had a clearer appreci ation of the importance of public busi ness, somewhat indignantly turned on This heel, and returned to the council chamber. The career of this brilliant memor izer adds another illustration to tli6 many which teach that no mental abil ity will compensate for the want of in dustry. ■m B 1 ■ —~ He was anew man in the big music store, she was a delicate blonde. She entered, and approaching the young man, timidly asked, “Have you ‘Rockel in the Cradle of the Deep?’” He an swered with a slight blush and some hesitation, gazing far away toward the horizon, “ Well—l really couldn't say— I must have been very young at the time, if I did.” The quantity of gold minted in Vic" toria, from the discovery of the precious metal to Dec. 31, 1873, is estimated at £192,050,082. This production has shown a steady decline of late jeJfflfc Un::::ulaf;le Matter Detained During One Month. [Nw Tori Time*.] in gpite of official warnings and notices almost without number, people will con tinue to send to the postomce articles which can not be handled or delivered. In the New York office, within the past month, the Searcher Department has found in the mailbags and held as un mailable matter the following: Received alive—-Rattle snakes, black snakes, copperhead snakes, mocasin snakes, cats, grasshoppers, bees, hornets, wasps, alligators, canary bird, potato bugs, horned frogs, tortoise, turtles. Received dead.—Mice, butterflies, bum ming birds, rats, insects, squirrels, quail, bugs, pheasant. Cooked articles.—Plum pudding, boiled quail, ham, sandwiches, bread and but ter, cake, crackers, bread pudding, jelly, custard, cheese, sausages. Miscellaneous.—Pistols, loaded cart ridges, torpedoes, medicines, glassware, clothing, soiled undergarments, baby clothes, hosiery, hair brushes, combs, carpenter tools, pieces of machinery, fence wire, gold and silver watches, jewelry, novelties and notions of all kinds, shrubs, roots, scions, herbs, fresh and dried; fruits and flowers, six cases of dynamite, which were thrown into East River to prevent serious disaster. Rut it is not only in posting matter which can not be mailed that the public is careless to a degree almost beyond be lief. Hardly a day passes that letters unsealed, unaddressed, and containing sums of money, chocks, and other valu ables, are not dropped into tlie boxes. During the past six months one thousand one hundred and fifty-three unsealed registered letters were received at the New York office. They contained in cash $6,449.21, and in cheeks, drafts, etc., $204,415.56, making a total of $211,- 464.77 posted in unsealed envelopes. Not long ago a well known city bank posted $1,500,000 worth of United States bonds, which were unregistered and easily negotiable, in an envelope so flimsy that it broke open before it left the stamper’s table. Similar instances of carelessness could be repeated almost without num ber. Indeed, it is hardly to be wondered at that the officer who related these circumstances felt called upon to exclaim in conclusion: “ The post office has to deal with a great many curious people.” A Horse’s Revenge. [Paris Correspondent London Telegraph.] The Society for the Protection of Animals against the cruelty of human animals is not remarkable for its activity in this country. The police appear to think it no business of theirs when car ters or coachman brutally maltreat their horses in the streets, or when boys amuse themselves by torturing dogs and cats, or whatever other creatures have the ill-luck to fall into their hands. The horses would appear to be aware of the supineness of their supposed pro tectors, for they have taken the matter in to their own hands, or rather into their own teeth and feet. A carter, by dint of hard flogging at bis three horses, per suaded them to drag sixteen tons of coal to the foot of the steep hill which leads to the Boulevard Bessieres, but his powers of stimulation utterly failed to induce them to proceed any further. A thick steam rose up from their panting sides and nostrils. “ Budge!” said the fiend; and straightway the carter began to lash and swear. A crowd gathered around the ferocious beast, who aban doned the lash and began to bang his stick into their heads and kick them with bob-nailed boots in the sides. The leader of the team took it upon himself to protest against this extreme measure. He turned round, seized the carter’s arm with his teeth, tossed him to the ground, and trampled him with his hoofs; then seized him again with his teeth and tossed him about. The crowd and the police, which had looked on ap provingly while lie tortured the horse, interfered for the protection of the human monster, who was with great diffi culty torn bleeding and mangled from the just equine resentment. He is justly punished; but surely some penalty should be inflicted on the railway com pany which sent out this heavy load of coal to be drawn up-bill by three horses, when twice the number would have barely sufficed for the work. The carter has paid his penalty; let theirs be now inflicted. Why should not the police be armed with full power to dispatch to the fourriere any vehicle loaded beyond the power of the horses harnessed to it. Music in Stones. : > r- vt Yfi r k Herald.] Avery interesting and curious exhibi tion was gFen by M. Baudre at Charlier institute yesterday afternoon. M. Baudre made the&cd&entul discovery of musical notes in pieces of hint, and for twenty four years he has been collecting enough of these stones to make a chromatic scale. He h.is now perfected his discovery and lias made a musical instrument of the same general idea as the harmonieon, but which is much more-powerful. The Stones, which are of various sizes and form, are just as lie found them, no artificial aid being brought to bear in adapting them to this use. The instru ment is composed of an iron frame, along the top of which the stoiies are suspended by means of stout twine; then, with two bits of stone that have no resonance M. Baudre played a variety of tunes, mak ing nice harmonies and bringing forth exceedingly sweet tones. The stones are not regulated bv weight, as entirely different notes weigh just the game; the musical quality is something given them by nature. Besides the stones, M. Baudre had a number of bits of wood about the size of an old fashioned clothes-pin, which he threw on the marble floor one at a time, and they produced the regular notes of the" scale with remarkable correctness. The singing* stones, however, are the more interesting of M. Baudre’s dis coveries. Is It Extravagance 1 iOhio Frm*r.| An Eastern contemporary savs: “Not long ago we traveled in the West for a day in company with an agent of an ex tensive manufacturer of parlor organs. He was returning suddenly and unex pectedly, having already taken more orders for instruments than his firm could make for a year to come. His customers were Western farmers. Every family required an organ, and the prin cipal reason was because the next neigh bor had one. All were sold on a year’s credit. The young Indies who learn to use these instruments doubtless no longer milk the cows or manage the dairy; spin the wool from their fathers flock; knit the family hose, or rarely make their own dresses. One luxurious habit, especially if it causes work to be thought inconvenient or degrading, leads further and becomes disastrous in the end. The young men, too, require a fast horse and a costly wagon and a more ex pensive attire; and then the help of a hired man in the field is as needful as that of the help in the kitchen. And under the pressure of all these self-in flicted taxes, farming does not pay, and it is to be feared that it never will until these taxes are repealed.” The evident intention of the writer of the above extract, is to protest against undue extravagance, against an expen diture for luxuries beyond the ability to pay, and in this we agree with him. But we do not like the implied thought that farmers, in order to make their business pay, must be deprived of all the luxuries of life, must confine themselves to the mere necessities of existence. The world is progressing, and even Western farmers are getting out of the pioneer stage, where the imperious demand for the necessities of life banishes every thought except of constant toil and the closest economy. They can afford many things their fathers could not, and are learning that life is not, drudgery only, nor toil our whole destiny, that our homes shel ter not only bone and muscle, but mind and heart also, and that these demand food and raiment as well as the body. We believe in pianos and organs in the farmers’ homes wherever they can be af forded, and where there are sons and daughters growing up, we would strain a point in the ability question to obtain one of these instruments. The farmer has as good a right to these things as the man of any other calling, of equal ability to purchase. The Gardner Gtoi. [Cleveland Herald.J kerne times ago Capt. William Gard ner, of Toledo, invented a remarkable gun, which was claimed to be the most ingenious and deadly instrument known to modern warfare. It received marked attention from the leading officers of our army and navy, and Mr. Gardner was complimented on all sides at his success. Since that time Mr. Gardner has made some great improvements upon his orig inal invention, and a Cleveland company has organized to purchase his patents for the improvements and secure the right to manufacture the gun in all foreign countries. For over a year this company has had its agents abroad, endeavoring to induce the English, French and other governments to examine the gun, and if it proved to be all its friends claimed for it, to adopt it and put it at once into practical use with their armies. The English Government more than a year ago appointed a commission of scientific experts to examine the gun, and on various occasions the commission and some of the most accomplished military men in Great Britain have been present at various trials to test its qualities. The gun proved unequal to every demand made upon it, and on Monday a telegram was received from London saying that the English Government had approved the gun and would adopt it for use in their army. The gun is light, can be handled by two or three men on the field, can be carried in the arms of two men, can be made with double or single barrels, and made to fire with deadly precision three hundred shots per min ute. Wherever three men can go they can carry this gun and work it in the field. Hence its vast superiority to all guns that require horses and heavy car riages to transport. The adoption of the gun by Great Britain is the highest com pliment that could be paid to the in-, ventor, and this action of the English Government will probably be rapidly followed by the leading nations of Eu rope. There is no doubt that the gun is one of the most deadly weapons ever known in the history of the world. Recovering a Lost Watch. [Bridgeport (Conn.) Farmer.] Horace Wedge, of Long Hill, Bridge port, -went- out shooting recently, and returned at night after a tramp cover ing several miles of ground. After his return home he put his hand in his hip pocket for his watch and found it was missing. He then remembered that at Stepney Depot, that day,, he and his companion had pulled out their watches and compared them with the depot clock; but this was worth nothing as an indication for finding the lost property, as they had tramped a weary round since then. That or the following night he dreamed that he saw his watch lying near a beach tree, in a run near Long Hill, where they had killed a couple of birds, and so vivid was the dream that the following day he resolved to go and take a look for the watch. He found the tree he saw in his dream without dif ficulty, and, lying near it, just as he had pictured in his dream, he found the miss watch safe and sound. The Chicago Times is noted for its dainty headlines. The following is one of its recent strokes of genius in that di rection: “Saints in Soak—John Q. Can non, Brigham Young, jr., and John Taylor jailed at Salt Lake for Con tempt.” Concentration in Farming. There is a notable absence of capital among the mass of farmers, while farm ers free from debt or those supplied with the necessary means for the full develop ment of resources are the exception rather than the rule. The more limited the capital the greater the necessity for concentrated effort, for avoiding un necessary outlays and expensive experi ments, Finally the individual wliose only capital is a stout heart and a will ing hand, must needs make every blow count, directing his efforts only in a re munerative channel. More ambitious, enterprising, go-ahead farmers are ruined by attempting too much, than by more thorough work on a limited scale. Every neighborhood abounds in prac tical lessons concerning this subject of concentration in farming. Many a far mer, seized with a desire for improving his broad ac:res, attempts to reclaim a bog, or clear a stony pasture, neglecting some fine piece of arable land that is neither half manured norhalf cultivated. It is hardly worth while to expend labor and money on a rough spot while the smooth pieces still remain at half their productive capacity. If the manure sup ply is limited it is better to apply it to the productive fields, where good re turns are reasonably certain, than to scatter it over thin and scanty soils to to the neglect of stronger land. Many an industrious farmer has proved a fail ure in the vain attempt to cultivate more acres than his means would justify, when if his labors had been concentrated upon half the area, success would have crowned his efforts. It is not always the largest herd of cat* tie ot flock of sheep that gives the best result per head, but the greatest profit follows the best herds and flocks. In case of limited means it is far better for a farmer to own half a dozen good cows than double the number of poor ones. It is far more profitable to cut three tons of hay from one acre of good land, than to run over thr£e acres of half-starved soil to secure the same weight at the harvest. Quality rather than size is the real test of many a farm product. A little extra care and skill bestowed upon a dairy of fifty pounds of choice butter, will yield a larger profit than the shiftless, haphaz ard churning of one hundred pounds of an inferior quality. It is not the number of miles traveled in a day, or the number of blows struck, that puts the balance on the right side of the ledger, but it is the aim and purpose and plan of the labor which determines the profit and loss. Among our farming classes too many random shots are fired, too many hours of labor expended with out definite plan, too many animals fed without profit, too many acres cultivated without fertilizers, to give the cultivators of the soil that reward which should at tach to their labors. Measured by the standard of production in the garden plot, how insignificant is the ’ average yield of acres on the farm, and yet the garden is only a practical illustration of concentrated labor and manure. Better culture, more concentrated effort, in creased attention to detail must be the watchwords of that Eastern farmer who hopes to secure a livelihood in competi tion with the mammoth fields and virgin soils and lands easily cultivated of his Western brother, on the broad prairie and rich bottom land of the far West. It should be the aim of every farmer not to increase his acres under. cultivation any faster than his capital and circum stances will warrant, but rather to im prove his methods and concentrate his energies and resources in the direction of better culture, with larger and more remunerative crops from fields already in hand. Luring Sardines. [Marseilles Letter in Boston Journal.) Another interesting product of France not of its soil but of its waters, is the sardine, which is borne to every clime, and considered a delicacy by all nations. It is said to belong to the herring family, but never attains to a large size. The uniformity of their size is seen in the boxes, which are jsut adapted to packing them, as they are found to correspond in length. These little finny creatures are caught in nets, and, after being well washed, the heads are cut off and the fish are sprinkled lightly with fine salt. After lying for a few hours they are placed on grids in rows almost perpen dicular. The frames are then placed in pans containing boiling olive oil. This oil is changed as often as it becomes too black and dirty for continuing the cook ing process. As soon as the fish are con sidered sufficiently cooked they are withdrawn from the pans of* oil and the grids placed on tables covered with zinc, the surface of the tables inclining to wards a groove in the center. The oil is thus carried to a vessel prepared to re ceive it. Around these tables stand women whose business it is to pack the fish closely and uniformly in boxes. The boxes being full, the fish are covered with fresh oil, and the lids of the boxes are then soldered down. Thus hermet ically sealed, they are placed in a wire basket and immersed in boiling water. The smaller boxes are thu3 boiled for about an hour and the larger ones some what longer, in proportion to the size of the box." The fish are then ready for the market, and, being packed in cases, are sent to the ends of the earth. A Second Messiah. Mrs. Mix, who has a Connecticut rep* utation for working miracles, travels through that State professing to cure diseases by laying on of hands, and crowds seek her wherever she goes. The most wonderful stories are told of her powers. She charges nothing for her services, and accepts only food, lodging, and conveyance from place to place. She is of pure negro blood, uneducated and a devout Methodist. When you choose a wife, your eyes and commend your soul to God.—- Spanish Proi .