The Covington star. (Covington, Ga.) 1874-1902, December 15, 1896, Image 4

The Covington star., December 15, 1896, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextTHE QUESTION ! OF FERTILIZERS 1 One That Is Interesting Every Considerate Farmer. \ rHE ECONOMY OF HOME-MIXING rommfiiDloiior of Agile" lllrn JtB.biU, In Hi* 'I outlil.v folk, lolls* liuw to O.t the Very 18e§t Ketnriis From <»ur soil* at I lie Lmh*I I’o.ss b!e ‘ out—hair .Supply of IImu11® Absolutely Nec*®-»ary. State Agricultural Department. | Atlanta, Ga., Dec. 1. 1898. FERTILIZING, ROTATION, SOILS. ETC. The question of fertilizers i« just now oue iu which every thoughtful farmer is interesting himself, not oulv as to their price and the feasibility and econ¬ omy of mixing them at home, but also as to the kinds needed by our different quai lities of land, and best suited to the j most perfect development of our various crops. A careful study of principles of plant growth, end of fertilizers, aud a practical application of these principles to our lands and to our different crops will certainly mean mouev to those farmers farmers who who take take the tne trouble non ne aud the time to make the mvestigaiiou. as no two crops take from the soil exactly the same elements in exactly the same propor. proportions, i it follows, , that to f get the . very best out of our laud we must study the compositio.i of our soils, as well as the demands of the crops to be grown on them. Owing K to the principle 1 just mentioned, that different crops Ilia kH different demands on the soil, it is an established fact, that a careiu iy planned and executed rotation of crops, exer 01S68 a powerful liiffnence in euab ing us to get the very best returns at tlio least cost, and at the same time add to, instead of diminish the fertility of our lands. Our first inquiry should be as to the general qualities and needs of our lauds and to ascertain these we are compelled to study our sons. We all know that the t hree principal elements, nitrogen, potash and phospho¬ ric acid are absolutely essential t > plant growth, and that while our lauds as a rule, supply all that is needed of the lesser elements, these predominating less elements have been, in a greater or degree, exhausted, from our surface soils at least. To resupply these iu the best and most economical manner, is the most important subject, wnich we have to consider. Iu beginning this investi¬ gation, we may lay it down a< an inva¬ riable rule, that no land will give profit¬ able returns without a fair supply of humus, or decayed ve retable matter on which to build our supply of plant food. Lands which have been recently cleared, or those where a careful rotation alter¬ nating with green and leguminous crops, has been practiced n-ually con¬ tain an abundance of humus, but un¬ fortunately, ou the majority of Georgia farms the long continued, clean culti¬ vation of coru and cotton, without al¬ ternating with any humus giving crop, and the leaving of these bare lauds to the washing, leaching action of winter rains and spring floods, Iiave all com¬ bined to deprive them of their last ves¬ tige of vegetable matter. If we keep in mind that no commercial fertilizer can give the best returns without humus, ami if we realize that the destructive effect of drouths is in great measure due to its absence, we will at once set about supplying this necessary humus by every means in our power. There is nothing better for this purpose than sta¬ ble manure, and its beneficial effects af¬ ter one application may be observed for several years, but we can only obtain this in limited quantities, and therefore we have to cast about for other availa b.e humus making materials. Cotton¬ seed for clay sons, and cottonseed meal for sandy sons are excellent, but are ex¬ pensive. A well considered system o*' rotation, using greeu or leguminous crops. Hirst for forage and the residue to be plowed under for manure—i.-less costly and ou the whole more sarisfact ory. Here again it is necessary we be thoroughly familiar W'th the pe cuiiarities of the soils with which have to deal. soils have so much worn and in such poor condi tion. being hard aud dry, that it is folly to attempt to plant even cow peas as a renovating crop. On these, Lispeoza has been found to do well. It will grow where peas will not, aud bv an applica tion of cottouseed meal, maybe made to do well on almost any soil. On land, which is in better condition, cow peas are a better paying renovating nop Their growth is heavier, their roots are larger and penetrate more deeply into the soil, thu' bringing to the surface more of the mineral elements which are looked up iu the subsoil, and when these roots are left in the laud they furnish m re of vegetable matter to be con verted into lmmus On richer land there is no better renovating crop than clover, its system of large, str ir: roots extending in every direction, and pen etrating deep into the subsoil, o tea reaching down several feet, make it pe cu iarly valuable, but if is exacting. It will not do well on sandy Gnu. t ut re quires either may land, or lighter land underlaid with a stiff, clav stibvoll. Nor will it succeed on laud, wlitcn is not thoroughly drained. It has uot the power of the cow pea to forage f., r a living and having obtained e ..ugh f .r its own needs, to leave a generous share lor the use of succeeding crops. Ui .ver will only grow ou land of good quality where ample foodis fun.isl.e.i ready for its immediate use. but on-e wed set. u gives tiiaii back without stmt, all ami more Where' it-h*i8 receive i the soil is rich in lime Meh lotus has been tne-d and found to be i„. comparable as a fertilizing crop. Its roots are larger and extend dce;e*r into the soil than any .tiler renovating plant, and those dying at the end of the Second season and decaying furohli a large quantity of valuable plant food. It will uot grow except on soils supplied with lime, but where this present in abundance, though the be apparently barren. .M.-nlotus wi I grow aud fl unsii. an i for sc. -h is rhe best n* ovatin 'crop Known. Cntns *n ca ver. I any vetch, it *, occupy important n ac-s un.,ng oui leu A Year in Advance. \\ ork done with Neatness and Dispatch ovating crops, and lxAsidfts their direct benefit to tne land in collecting nitro¬ gen possess the power of carrying on ! their great wort daring the winter i m ntlis, thus famishing green to >d for farm animals at a sens n when most ot her crops are dormant or dead ami . covering and protecting tne land fora period of several mouths, when it is tm eulutrlv liable to injury, On "ur unit nary muds aud miner present count to hunt for food, ami au'a.ti. bee aw* it may bo sown up to ami '-veil 1:1 «tiie present mouth. The clover and vetch i seeding, aud also that the require early land be of good quality aud bum r'.it to a fine mechanical condition. Til * seen are also more expensive—aud just now the that is one of the mam difficulties in way of a more general trial of the veten It is comparatively new ami ihe seen are scarce und high, but th se, wh have tried if, pronounce if lucompara ble as a renovating p.ant A very re cent publication from The United Sta es Department of a ,T i'ieu tare recommends it in the highest terms—states that -it has been grown sn’ccsst'ully in all part- b of the country, and has prove 1 to hariiv iu tne moist ooasfa regions o? <> Washington, the dry prair.es South Dakni i "and the rich loamy soi s al tut the gulf” In our own state the coin inou vetch has been tried t r years with eminent success. The hairy vetch is i banner and in all re peats more dt-sira ! ble. "The seed of hairy vetch sliouiu be sown at the rate of a bushel and a half to the acre from the latter part of Apvu ro the lul ,idle of Mav for summer for ’middle #nti fl . 0|I1 r | ie middle of August to t j ie or septemuor for w liter tor a „ e q’i Je nu iitive valu** of the hay is very high the yield usually varies j from one and a half to four tons per aceor.nng to tie fertility of the ’ 7ti farmers, S(jil We Wl(U he g ad for whenever possible, to frv, if only a hm ite.i area in tins crop, and rep, re resUitc i to this department. We have -aid euon li as to tho~o rn ovatiup crops r > emn.ias z < the import j ! ant foundation tact. th. for t any they -ysie >iii)ii.(i n of fertd-ziii' form tin which we may auopf, and that ili**ir ro | ration with other crops is .. .< > of the utmost moment in reci.iimm/ one worn j lands, The next step ot* im_> h Diuoo is j to decide on tne proper F.'.RTIIJZKllS f 0 select for our various soils nod crops, to be used in conjunction with these renovating crops and with a judiciously chosen crop rotation, in hutluuig an oar lands. If we could by ju-iicious man¬ agement and ft“*.iing prouuce ail the mam: e we need on our forms, this ques i *u wou d oe forever settled, bu this Ins been found imp ss.bie. Under prese. t conditions the need (or commer¬ cial fertilizers is real, bur the euormou sums sp nt for tins artili i tl plant food may be considerably reduce i. if we an ply ourseive- to more carefully consid¬ ered and more judicious metnods. O.n great mistake has been that we hav depended entirely on commercial ter tiiizers to supp y the gradually diiui i lshing ferti.ity of our farms, where,is they should be regarded aud used omy as adjuncts to a care, ul system of ma¬ nuring and rotation. They have al¬ ways been found to give best results when the soil is well tilled witli organic matter, and as mentioned before, tins condition can be best maintained by a syst nt of green manuring—tint is planting leguminous crops, cu.utig a part for stock feed, anci turning under the residue for "laud feed.” GENERAL RULES FOR FETIL’ZING. 111 buying our ferri z*rs, two points should engage our atiention and stuuy —th** needs of the land, and the needs of file crop to be grown. A few of the m< -i i*n*virtaut facts be .ri-as on these tv,u qi. ...ions are ali that may be at¬ tempted in tii * limits of this nrtic e. but the farmer wli > intercat* hiiinetf will find mat there is a Wine fi dd for invest¬ igation, ami that the vari itious of re¬ sults, according to different plans of miuiagament, a id difference in soils and l(K*al conditions, arc a,most limit less. As agoueral rule, however, it will be found that our sandy soils wi.l require* all three elements, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, white clay soils u-uaiiy contain some portions of th - mineral elements. A sei rich in bu n u* is some times lacking iu th** mineral elements. A limestone soil generally contains a good deal of phosphoric amd finding O course the m**st certain way of out what the soil need* is to maite the son itself answer the question by expert mentiug with different crops and iffer ent fertilizers, but as a general rule, farmers are averse to undertaking toese experiments,regaiding them as too com plicated and too expensive. They huv preferred to -‘trust to luck,” and have lost thousands of dollars by following oue fixed rule of fertilizing for all crops aud all lauds alike. R T. \f.sbi .T, Coinmis. ioaar. _ s..,oc,h..i h*iiiii*..i K xiutcruu Quesitox — Ihea-e imdVue give in'* a few hints on fertilizers I eat way to 8eiect them. 1 must confess to rn* parable ignorance on ti.is important subject, aud often I am confused by tin multiplicity of terms used iu designatin'' r | lp different plant foods. I h..v* al most decided to trv mixing mv fertii izers >„7s at home, but am somewhat at a a s to the be..r brands to bu» for tim purpose. Would i ra . any n-x in buy ing the concentrated mat-riu.s or are they of uniform value as to contents and availability? Io buying th* fertii izers already mix-- i is mere any >urv wav bv Wul( '.), f ,. a ,, at „ ast parfludv imlw of their merit*» AxsWfcK -It , is t.;e , law of ... Oaonna that each ma.iutac.urer regi ter win 1 !! le b:at * ’’ f Auncn*t«re fhe sources ir-.tn wh. n hs n trogen is ^ r,vetL lhw h:ts a m “" " :i ?" r:a “ bearing on oar success or failure with d^rent <*r »i>s than urns: tarmers are awafe. L r * purchasing any com merc.al fertilize s f-.o ,n-rs should care ‘ u ’ 1 / *“ from wine » the throe pnuoip.d f^ru* “ in .« eiements coatame t n them a.e derived awl the.r avat uwltty r r the different crops to be grown, -tv* fol l" w,i ’ imixirrsaut Tu n ,le * fact* M are »>v cendens- Pr» d '/**!*" ” “"I ‘ ;“ 've trust ,n "“ are ' n, * U 'h e-s form r i '"' ’ d' 1 attention of tin uKUlg far..; s *. and als , al l tneni to J Kltillg _ the best aud most su table mate ia. < for the van,,ns crops n which th v are to be applied; SOURCES OF XITROMZ t All mat. rials cotitainiug nnii r»i tfo en uiu-t urnisre. tme* the nitrogen beci ’n*8 foci, aud me t. .in¬ >--a l „ tms E asy asy to to Take Operate Are features peculiar to Hood’s Pills. Small in size, tasteless, efficient, thorough. As one man Hood’s said: •* You never know you Pills have taken a pill till it is all over.” 25c. C. I. Hood & Co., Proprietors. Lowell, Mass. The only pills to take with Hood's Sarsaparilla change varies .... with cir. uni -uiees. In.* material may lie ham an dense, or th treatment it has -eceive,l may delay the natural de**ay, or it uric he associate i with other snbsia ><*e- which tend to prevent tne necessary changes. Tins causes organic nitr-men to (infer io its degree of availability, no* omy from the material, wbi-h inrin-hes it but from the treat ii-nt licit material has receiv 'd Tne most va ual> • sour es of organic nitrogen are dried blond, dried meat, coucentraien tankage, ..lie i h h, refuse from lislt oil mid canning ostab lishments and o.n t ons-ed me.u. Tnese products also furnish more or less phos phone acid. less des Ocher materials wlu<* 1 are ra ble as sources of nitrogen, are leather , meal. Wool meal, man aud boo! waste, telt wast*. etc. Tnese decay so slowly that tiiev are of doubtful value uu ess the object is to graduu. y increase the fertility of tin* s ll rather t.i.ui to secure immediate retains. Commercial nitro gen tu the form ot su phates and nitrates is extremely so ub.e in water, be aud while vary valuable is liab.e to washed oui of loo soil if applied too heavily or before the plants are ready to take it up. In this form uitroceu should be applied after the crop begi ns its growth, and is then at once taken up by the plants while the organic nitro¬ gen may or may not he u.-ed np by the crop, depending on vvh'tnei* conditions are favorahie for the eh *nges it must undergo oeforo it becomes entueiy available. SOtmCKS OF PHC.SPHORIC ACID. The phosphoric acid of commercial fertilizers occurs in three forms: •■solu¬ ble.” that is that which is easily taken up by plants lx>enu.-e readily so uide in water; "revert'd.” or t int, which is insoluble in water but readily used bv plants, and that which is smuble oul.y in sir ing ac.;D and therefore is taken up very slow y ny plant; A 1 fine* o tneso forms ore derived from lu-irerui.s called pdos;* i.ires. “O same” phos pliatcs are liiose oont uimi*; • rgaiuc or animal ma ter; *‘m uorai” phosphates are those wh c i contain no an m t. mat¬ ter. Of the former, bone ii ,t- various forms is the chief source. Of tne latter, the nv,;r and land phosphates of ti urn Carolina, the "Soft,” ‘ p *b le” and "rtxik” phosphates ot Flouda, ilia mine phosphates of Tennessee, are those witli which we are n it familial*. Tne “min erai” phosplia es are iusoiub.e nun have to be treated an i acted upon strong acids before they become uvaita ble as plant food. They are ties' ground to powder and then mixed with strong sulphuric a'*td, which changes the in soluble phosuho i** acid io me soluble form—they then become "superp ios phates.” This name is applieil phosphoric to any material containing soluble acid as itsc uef e.einenr, a-ul of course tho e containing the greatest amount areine mo-t valuable. The "so ubie” distributes useif in ihe sod and goes to the ro* t- of the plants, while the “re¬ verted” remains where it is pia**e i and the roots of the p, mts must come to it. An important fact to remember is that phosphoric a id is not wasued from the soil; it becomes "fixed” by c-uubinati >ns with iimo, iron and other mineral sub stances Bone or "organic” phosphates are re va.uabie than tlio "mi .oral, * I m to de¬ cay, and because they may be used di¬ rectly ou the soil with »ut other ireat meuf than the grin.-in ne ( ssary to make them more nasi y available The liner this grinding the more valuable the product. U ciusn very tine round boiie is more ia dy acted on by the forces which cause it to decay and thus it become* more quickly ava lable. Another fact which ados to the value of hone p hasp nates is, that they contain considerable nitrogen. Pure “raw bone” usually averages about 22 per cent of phosph ric acid a ul 4 per cent of nitro gen- In “boiled" or • steamed” bone not only is the bone made finer, but it is softer and acts more quickly than if it is merely ground. By bot.ing or 'teaming tlie per cent of nitrogen is re | du e i, while the phosphoric amd is in I creased, "steamed” bone ii therefore ! ■ mu ni richer in phosphoric a id than j raw bone. "TauKage” is a bone pro duct which contains considerable nitro gen. The amount is variable, depend* mg upon th- piopoirnms of bone and 1 «a*at used iu its piepar.ition. “Tank age” is uot-used as much as bone. Of the other piio phatesiierived fr uu bone, •bone biaoK ” * bone a*’a.” etc., are much less vaiuvble ti-uu tne forms al i mentioned. Sup o-pho-p *ates m nie from auiin d bone coiitai i uuro - etI 1,1 addition to phogphori »• id and are theref e ofte i cooed "ummuuiated r -upeip:l**pu ites ’ SOURCES < F POTASH. Ail forms f potash are soluble in water aurt are consider, .fi as about es^uaiiy avan.uxe. hut it is important in sc.*s ling a-i v f- rai -,{ p ifasii to spec ally consider it- suitabilttr to the cron to * men it . s ro to- ipp.csL t ,, ir ui'tauce, it has be-u U.-mon-ir fed that muriate of potmui Has an unfavorable effect on tobreo p .faws «»•< ‘-enatu other crops, which is not «he r ise whe*. other form ' °( P Our chief source of p tosh -airs are the German mines, from wmen we ontain the ka. mt. muriate and *u-pUa*« of p*aa.n «,.d other tonus m general use. haunt. w,1,r ' h h “ ” 0ta:ne - 1 r ^ nt . urodact t»f th*se year*, i* acra.ie mines and contains, besides pthasu. comm ,u salt and magnesium sulphate It con tain* on an av. rage abut I ai, percent of actual potash. Tue tnuu.ite aud sui phate .,f pot as d are more concentrate.I They are umuafacrur • 1 from the <*rn> » forms and Contain ao.ut 50 percent f artnal pota-h in purchasing the ingredient* tor horn** mixing of fertiliz-rs. the frfilov - iug may be iependni up ,« to farnizh a uniform am >onf and for rn of certain C 0 t>«?if 0 *ntji, no iri'itfer where and for that teuifni titer arr* r ** standards!: Xitr *a fMia’e Of ammonia, tin** i uHxtt, Poo* rp »' phate* a/if pritaw b ia r-*, ail com^ and r thl* he.ifl atrl h > <** h«f artiul f trade. hare a certain com rxt R T Nzstarr SfifAr '1al« from Kwru, Qr c nox. — How mn -h «U3ir 1 made annui 1 y from beet* i a Euriqs*? How much nt thu c u trv? Answer — During tim ser -'*11 of IM'il 95 there w is ina le la (,ei 11 i.85c - 000 tons; 111 \a-tii.i. 1 ID > D 1 t in*; in 1 France, 790.O K) ti ms; 111 it 1 1 ff 0 00 1 iti B**.giuin 235.0(KI r n ; in rlo lanii. nv-,000 r 11 s; id i.r ; , I U r;i»« 106 000 rone; a ton •f 4 n 47 0oj tons In the Mina year liie p* a*t in te United Staten w:i« 2 i >•’ tJ.ii—State Agra u.tural ; Pucker. highness, young Pucker, In bib and in tucker, screaming one night for the moon; I will have it he said, and laid upon my bed. So hasten and take it down soon, it is too far away, Said his nurse in dismay, no one can reach it mv char, Get a ladder he cries, will reach t" the skies Then he gave her a bo* on the ear. Queen mother heaid, And came at hiswo.d. why is my darling boy crying, 1 want boo hoo the moon, Queen fell into a swoon, And they thought for a time she was dyng, King hastened near, * And said to his dear, will send up a royal balloon, And every man shall be hung, his neck shall be rung, Unless he biings Pu ker the moon. coalers all ran, To the king as one man, And each began quickly to pack; They said their good byes, With tears in their eyes, But none of them ever came back. Doc ors came and they wait. But none could invent A cure to keep Pucker fr in crying. Then a wise doctor came, Doclor Spanker by name, Who growed when he heard Pucker sighing. What’s the matter he said, The poor child is most dead, Said the Queen mother wiping her eyes ; He cries for the moon, And we’ve sent up a balloon, But they can’t take it down from the skies. Well mum if that’s all, I would let the child bawl, Although it is hard to endure ; I would give him a spank, Notwithstanding hi* rank, Which I think sill effect a r al cure. Soon a shingle was found, It was smoothed all round. Until it was polished like gold ; It was carved very nice, It was scented - with spice, And the handle most fair to behold, Then poor crying Pucker. In bib and in tucker, Though the maids were all dying with laugh¬ ter, Received a good spank, Notwithstanding his rank, And was a good boy always after. Ihe Dauntless Tiie tug Dauntless, famed far and wide lor her recent exploits and tin daring manlier in which it is allegen she has aided the Cuban cause ot the high seas, was built in 1893, ii m the ship ^ arils ol Dialogue A 8ons, Camden, oV. J., at a coot t f 832,500, approximately. Her length is 110 feet, capacity 153 Ions, ' and speed 16 knots | hour. The Dauntless was purchastd by Mr. John E. duBigiion, Conty A Barker, and Others, t j De used in lowing principally al this port, hui chartered tier to do towing trom various AUaniic ports north and south. 8lie Is the laslest lug ot( the South Atlantic, anil it is sunt that there is not a vessel in ihe Spanish navy that can overhaul lor. Until last July the Dauntless was ui'know n to fame, Since that dale "tie has lieeu charged witli landing u ‘ bU flieieiie\ of aims and uintnuni Luba . all the l ' ,,n in to exb i minute Spaniards on Uial island il tliey could be unetl skillluliy in one en» gagemem. Sue is noiv until i bomi. charged with u violation ol the U, S naviga¬ tion laws; aiso under bond charged with a \ loin lion ol the neutrality laws, Her captain, Lomin, and Engineer Dever<aux, arc also under bond to answer an ii.d.etinenl lliat mav be returned by Uie U. 8. gland jury loi aiding alid abetting a filibustering expvdiuon. 1 he Spun lards claim ibeii ability to make out a ease. Mr. h . A. Blsbtie, the pleseol owiier ol the boai. 1 aud the officers, aie eii ^ pbalic in their d> clarat ions that ihey have violated no i > w s. Perhaps si tile ol these day s, w lien Cuba shall have gained her inle peiideliCt .zipi ihose w ho contributed U» . this grand , iCslilt i will not be danger stripe* because, IVIbg in “the lai d ot the free," they dared to rentier succor to a nt rug gong p »-• , pie groaning under oppte- ion, ibe real history of tlio Dalint ( .s will Im- written, at d ibat it w ill l*c (liriil)ti^ vs ho can doiiht? A Good Easy bhoo. Is ihs! »h -ou want } If it is, con And (-ive »k- ( • or rr f .r a i air A xsk u *r 1* R.:p .ifii ^ <lone id tl best matim 1 Ah wo. s o ,ar inf. ed W ! 1.1.1 V '.I. vi K BONANZA Kbit niN(J .’..a 1 m; ikn Wanted-An Idea of fiujtoiiateR Woo 1'inif ran B.mf* thlu Protect - JOHN your th^r tvny bring Co“ y„n weal w r |u. WhUDRMUURN * Pm-nt Alt., ne,i. I** Wa»bln*("i,. of r> c.,f. r ll.Hr «1 .*ii ,.rlu oit, 1 iMU DuxiOted luTerttlou* WauteU. A Modest Hero Atlanta Journal, The Baltimore papers ol yesterday interesting sketches of Mi, PL Ipot, a prominent citizen Baltimore county, >v lio diotJ hint The story of his life may serve as a and an inspiration, When a he was stricken will U pill II and incurable disease, and trom he suffered almost i/ioesnnidly unliJ (he age ot 5ti death relieved him. Most niun so afflicted iiave sought com|iui alive case of a hospital, Mr. Philpot. buttled through life wonderful patience ami four* lie was n busy man and tilled positions ot trust and honor a moment without pain, and <leniH staring him in the luce many years, he went bravely cheerfully about his duti. Urn was not embittered by afthe but on the contrary was ro sweet, lio was a modi) and was held in high honor all who knew him. Such lives show the tiuesl hero¬ They rebuke the weakness und ot human nature and help to he strong and true. Many the noblest lives are those ol which the world hears iilllc. Otlen ] the) are lives which are led faith*, tully through suffering and tribula¬ tion and by their endurance prove the best capabilities of mankind. College Benefactors. I Following is a list of those who have given more ilian 81.000 000 for educational purposes : Stephen Ciirunl, Girard college, Pen nsy I va ii i a 88,000,000. John li. Rockefeller, University ol 87,000,000, L land Stanford, Leland Stanford, | University, 85,000,000, Asa 000. Packer, 1;, high Univcisity , | John Hopkins, I i Johns Hopkins University, 83.500,000. Paul Tub,tie, Tulunc University, 000. Isaac Rilcli, Boston University, 000. Jones G, Clark, Clui'K University, 82.000. 000. Vamieibilt brothers, Vanderbilt University, 81,775,000. James Lick, University of Califor¬ nia, 81.650,000. Join* (J. Greene, Princeton college 81.500.000, William C. DePauw, DiPanw University. 81,500,000. A. J. Drexel, Dn-xel Industrial School, 81,500,000 Leonard Case, School ot Applied Sciences, Cleveland, 81,200,000. Peter Cooper, Cooper Union, 81.- 200 . 000 . Ezra Cornell, Cornell University, 81,100,000. Henry \\. Sage, Cornell Univer¬ sity 81,100,000. Charles Pratt, to tlie Prult Insti¬ tute of Brook ly ii, 82,700,500. ■ To this list should he added the recent gift ot President Low to | Columbia of 81,000.000 witli which to build its new library - There arc stores and scores of donations ranging between half a million ami j filly I hoiisami dollars. TZgjttM'mi. Antomsllc atlas, and Compound mnl Pluln R _t*ii(j- a ; •d Valve. Cylolda. gingle and Po.ib’e Kxpan •ton Tandem Compound i EKTO-UNTEiS, Flange Steel, Tubular. Vertical and Hmiaiv.it I High Preasura WaUr Tube ; Plain, Pnrlat.’e, Vertical, and Self-Contained Return Tubclar All high grade work and at the bottom prf.’ea We get them by the ear load, thua loweat ritlea freight , Call at our worka, jet prleai and see •.miplea LOMU I ED IRON WORKS k SUPPLY f(i„ Ab"rc* Pave.-tiger Depot, AuguvU. G» TnuJ end brld, e work end repair* promptly one ( a-t every day and work 160 hami, 1 ’• 6»llr >ad and Engine aupllee. JaJecP.rv •Ipt ole - 111! ly a 8 M PtOBliiXS WORKS. s in — All kinds of M onn fiead Sio ues, Kto. 7 and 9 Waverly Place, A tla 11 t,H. f-»H. JOB PRINTING. If you need a iy printing in way of Handbills, i ircu ars, Bill Heads, Note Heads, >r Statements, call at the Star iffiee and get our prices. W e an sav« you money to Rent. '•veral good i>ed rooms or ..ifieet* t< •nt in the Star ixiddioif. \ to * i \ r* tr* '•t .ffi.e Covington Public Schools, Begins Monday, SESSIOjj Sept, 7, 1896. DEPARTMENTS: Primary—First and Second Grades Intermediate—Third. Fourth and Fill! Grai),. Grammar School—Sixth. Seventh mid Kiylith Grades, High School First Second. Third and Fourth High School Grad es CORPS OF* TEACHERS: W. C WRIGHT, ) *®~AL High School Grade- and 8th Grammar « i i Grade, Elocution, French and Greek 8,, • , N MISS l.ELIA WALKER. without Extra charge ’ h„ MRS. E. V, SPENCER Fifth. Sixth and Seventh Grades. MISS 0 V. GLANTON —Third and Fourth Grades MISS PAULINE ASKEW—Mrst and Second Grades alisthenics taught in all die grades. *®*The School b gins the Fall Session in a new brick building, the latest <W Georgia’s ’s in all best available architect The six building large windows is equipped to each with the best Peck-Wil|i furniture slated “ 8tk ^ boar space, room tni , lia - of hcatinj and ventilating. jk^The Boys High School anti the Giil* High School combine i, lto in the new building. 0|i| Tuition in Primary, Intermediate ami (Dammar School Departments * Free to all resident a’ bet ween the ag-s of six and eighteen years. Non." ide.its pay 0> e Dollar per month. i ui ion in High School Dept *• *2 00 month to lesnlents and non residents. " net W. C. WRIGHT, Superintendent. Established 1865. One Price Clothiers, I 5 9 V Tailors , 5 Iiatters 3 5 Furnishers. 0 if 3 3 $ £iseman Bros. 3 $ i 15 and 17 Whitehall street, ATLANTA, GA. 3 $ WASHINGTON. D O. BALTIMORE. MD. \ * cor. 7th and E. St., N. W. Factory, 213 W. German St. ■t 3 f 9 The Only Manufacturers of Clothing: in the South Dealing 3 3 $ Direct With Consumer. $ * Jh Middle Georgia and Atlantic R, \ NTA i Monro** ( ' ^Vathcns MAF or T H f c .ATIDDLE GEORGIA UociAL CB ) AND \ ATLANTIC BY. jm va.iu.il a b . W arrest < p— v c & o* •t O N* t- V> Griffin ILLCOQEVIU.C o ^ Sao*i**( vv Gor«lou macon/a cen. C< G E O u R G I Mill,* V Tort V s Dublin 'Switio ro Terr/ Ctxhran V a lOglethorp# Wi Ejutituan Muf. sboru [o Mt. McRae \rruon fUlvlsvlil* NAT.Rv.frut.CO. s»V«r'N.H __I -TIM K TA B LE No. 28. Eflectiv> September 12 1890. l.Io o’eb ek 1*. M.. READ DOWN RKAbIf 10.80 p ni (/a. R. li. Lv. Augusta Ar. Ga. K. R 8.10 |* in 0.00 a III Lv. Macon Ar. 0.30 u m 6.20 p m 101 103 STATIONS. 104 102 I AM PM t/. AM l’.V 6.00 1.45 |... Lv. Milledgeville Ar. 4.20! 12.40 6.05 1.50 ... 1 Katonton Jin eiinu 4.IA i 12.30 6.26 2.05 6 M eriwelber :-'.ftbj 12.12 ! ... 6.41 2.15 ... . 15 ' Dennis 8.4.')' ! 12.01 7-05 ■> ■■ .21 Ar. Kiitonion Lv. 3 20 11 3 i> 7.35 2.85 Lv. At. 3.15 11.25 j I 8.10 3.17 3.1.0 ; 29 W il la ids 2.46) : 11-O' 10.40 8.30 ! 85 A't eulon 2.31 8 45 3.27 80 Mm ben 2.18 1 10.30 9.00 3.42 3.32 4c Shady Kelly Dale 2 1.57 13 j K'.t'T 10 22 9.15 .... 44 I 9.31 3 .55 | ........ 49 Broughton 1 41 9.52 9.40 4.00 ........| 51 New born J.34 9 9.3n 4 9.52 4 06 .... 154 H Cairnel 1.24 10.02 4. 4- 20 .1 ....... 59 | Starrsv Hay ston ille I 1.17! 1.03 9.22 912 io 17 ........ ! 1 10.4 4 35 ....... 64 ! C( ivinglon J in i-tion 12 45 b.n.i 10 45 4.40 ...... 6u Ar. < ovinglon | v. 12.40 i 8.50 ... i 12.15 |> ni 6.10 p m Ga R. R. Ar Atlanta Lv Gti. R. It- 11.10 p ni 7.15h m 6.40 p in M. & N. Ar Macon Lv M. & N. 7 . 20 a in 11 55 a in M. it N Ar Athens Lv M.A N. 2.30 p. in. Train No. 101 and 10-1 Daily except Sunday Train No, 102 and 103 daily. JOSEPH W. PRESTON, General Manrp’f* EMOR\ 7 )LLEGE » O X j VI. i ^ •X The FALL TERM of ibis old «... . Ii tion begin*Sept 16, r J lie Equijmiei, t 1 he .Location of of healthfulness ini the College was never so gowl t" * obi £e is one :h de* toiy. Pull offered ii. I curilv. Saloons and other sue courses are ■ excluded 6°® Pliilosopl y. Creek, Litin, Cheni -t "tl agencies are forever tl* EngiBceriug, Krench, f Oxford by the provisions of German, Helnev ' ov 11 o -uli ureo lilicai Economy, History, Theology c- *.( - •*••;. 1 he society of the place IS t col* Hill n- I^ OUS. Oxford is emphatically * art eye (own, and students at Emory Go*!eg e from the temptations to on mot¬ :..,t only fr—- fro* The Expense iU\\ wh*ct* prevail in larger towns, hut fflUDlt) distractions ol * commercial com u co®* for j* year »i, Emory College is vt-rv i< inwho'esomc socia. rxcne® cn,s »v» * he lower ilian in Southern es cast of At most t'olie* 1. t. -uch nlaces. 2*. is 40 Dll Covinf of the 1 grade Board car. t- had in Me!p : ng »i m, r.«1 I nv.H? north low as $S pet month, jud ;,i p v a‘e t *p»' l v>n the Georgia rai (road, » ii »i from $12 u> ®ii 5. which ii rcac^»ed by h*»rs»* —car liwe* is a For catalogue and further into* mot ion, address W.A.CANDLER, J Ve^ident, Oxford,Oa* WILLIAM BOLLMANN, Watche®, Clocks, Jewelry, Spectacles, No. 6, South Broad Street, Atlanta, Ga.