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About The Georgia Jeffersonian. (Griffin, Ga.) 18??-18?? | View Entire Issue (July 27, 1854)
VOL. XV. W GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN. |R *tJBLWHED EVERY THURSPAY MORNING BY WILLIAM CLINE, At Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per an ; rmm. or Two Dollars raids in advance, j are in sorted nt ONE j jyOLLjn por sqnorp, for the tirpl insertion, and ’JYIFffY CENT'S per square, for oath infcrlion t hernattcr. , . A Tensor * . * deduction will he made to tlioso whovuh*r> iby the year- ... All Yu'va.tUementa no! otherwise ordered, “ill •be C*r*a;i.r<t till lorhid. TuiiP 'jJi7.ES OF IJIXt)S hv Administrators, tswr-iiors or Guardians are required by law to be Iwfd on tho first Tuesday in the month, between vh< ho*irs ot ten in the forenoon and- three in th* afternoon, at £is Court-House, in the county in which the l.irtd.is situated. Notice o) these snle, mu*; be siven a publicgaictte FORTY Di\S pw*iMi to tbp day nfsale. SSLES OF NEGROES must be mnde at p.ib in auction on the tirsl Tuesday of the month, be ween the usual hours nt sale, at the place el pub i<; galea the courtly where the letters Ttstn uentar/, of Adininistr ition orGnarrimnsliin nia have t—V ■ granted; fust divine FOhTi /'.Ti notice thereof in one of the public iruzeties rs tb .•> *.. an;i *i the court house whe e such sale.irsi lo heid. ri-Jxe: tor the sale of Personal Property must H.- £ft VS: , in like manner FORTY DAYS previous l j tn.i ilav of snle. Notice 1 1 Debtors and Creditors of an estate wish he published FORTY DAYS. Notice that application will be mndp to I be Court Ordinary for lkave to sell land must he pub ihed for TWO MONTHS, Notice for leave TO PRJ.L NEGROES must be ;>a*.!-3h ‘d TWO MONTHS before any order a!- > shall he made, theseon bv the Court. y CITATIONS f (, r L-yttors of A< !nini--Irat ton . .st he po dished thirty days; for Dismission ( fr . j Administration, monthly six months; lo Dismission from Guardianship, forty day-. it tiles for. he Foreclosure of Worts* ®e must ho • p Ciis'ie l monthly for tour months, lor pu*> sigh las* pap ':ts, hir the full space ol threu SC'. THS; for ‘'tiom.wl'inff lltdcs ll.xecu!£irS T ed ! n*s?ra! o ?, wbuin a bond has been ffiveny- b ho le.: Msed, for tin s; nca of three m is rua . TO ANN. BT J. Y. M. PDCKJTT. When fir“t 1 saw thee, most lovely one, In childhood’s lonelyitheme, Ii placed on me that sacred dome— Os light my heart forever gleam! It gave to mo cupid’s lasting love, That visits-lovers’ hearts; YVi h-h no one excepting God above— Can ever set spa : I. O, remember, the moon-light night, You give to me thy heart; And removed from me love’s da;k *igh’, Ti’.ai hid ir.a never part. May the pt love that’s past, Like a slurjbering dream; Unite the eearfa which forever !;ie!— In lovrr’aonly theme. For the Jeffersonian. * estsle Education. in looking over nn old doenment a few C vs ago, I found an address delivered * ne time since, to the Greensboro l?e ----ir. i:e College, by Samuel K. Tauuge, D. l>. s and am pleased to say, in my humble opinion, it contains many wise and prn liout suggestions on the subject of Female Education, nnd hope its precepts -kill be homo in mind, and parents and teachers benefitted by it. M. M. L. “In relation to Female Education, I am prepared to go as far as tne farthest in tfoe advocacy of an extended and thorough course of instruction. For though the woman is not like the man to be trained for public life, hers is the responsible work of giving the first impulse to the liumau character, of touching the springs of life, ( r.ad communicating impressions that will \ never cease to act. A more extended j •course of study for both sexes, would ex rt a happy influence in filling up that gap that “craving void” between childhood aai manhood which our children are. learning to skip over, and which must be filled up, or the result will be a dwarfed and crippled manhooL I would have fe males instructed ia nearly ail the depart ments of science, except, perhaps, some of tne higher branches, and the substitute for these should be those external accomplish -r-. nts and adornments particularly appro ; Mate to their sex. As regards the or. ganization and mode of conducting the . üblic exercises of female institutions, I [cel called upon to lift up an earnest note ■ remonstrance and warning against some of the tendencies of the day. “As to public examinations before a romtscuous crowd, and especially public ■ inhibitions of girls, I regard these as of acre than doubtful tendency. They must •-‘.salt, if generally adopted, in a sad de rrioration of the female character. It nay require a whole generation to unfold their bitter fruits. The prominent ex libition of a young female before a crowd, ... As to foster vanity, extravagance of .ress, and an inordinate love of display; •.Hi it weakens that delicate sensibility which God has impressed on woman’s heart. It is unnatural, unreasonable, and in its tendency unscriptural. The Bible •edfiration, “it is a shame for women to .peak in the church,” (Ist Cor. 14th chap, both ver.) has a wide meaning, arid it ruts from that God who framed our na , ire, and whose laws can never be- viola * ;or evaded with impunity. Modesty t?i delicacy constitute at once the charm -id the defence of woman. Tiiey are the on the rose, the delicate tint on the •le veret. They are her ornament and erotee ion. They are indispensable, and ti*- ? i.) :s no substitute. Set possession is pleaded as the argu -7; r.L hi favor of parading girls publicly on stage. It is true, a modest self-pos- ( ;ov. ;s desirable, but if ease of man* •r k; to be purchased nt the expense of •r.vsrdness and rudeness, and the bold .*•• fan actress, then let us have bash fnln* o and blushes to the forehead, rather than impair that modest shrinking of the ->e woman, which requires a veil to be piac J between her and the rude public euz*i The, line that interposes between these extremes is a delicate one. It is a profane hand that would remove it one hair's breadth beyond the proper bound ;V. environs the side of delicacy. The si*.. who organize and conduct female ed i on are engaged in a delicate work, v ..r-h touches the vital interests of society, -in ’* they must not be allowed rashly to obtrude crude views and usages upou the community. The public exhibitions of females cru elly distresses the modest, while it embol in.j the forward and gives them an undue advantage Tafca two fir’s of a gradua ting eh*s, and place them prominently on the stage before the promiscuous crowd; the one shall blush and weep, and inaccurately utter a few sentences, and then sit down under a sense of disgruce to herself and | mortification to her friends; the other, j with a clear ringing voice, and a brave . eouutenance, shall read a _ political ha* ’ rangue that some gentleman has composed for her; and then take her seat amid the plaudits of the auditors. Now inquire in to the two:, respectively. The former was at the head of her class—she composed her own piece—and it sparkled with gems of thought and imagination. But the sensibility and intellect that conceived the composition, disqualified her to parade her accomplishments. Ihe other was at the foot of the class— aud had the one grand qualification for the occasion. Her only accomplishment was, she had plenty of assurance. “It will be found that the love of admi ration, fostered by parading girls before a crowd, will be followed either by a dis relish for, or dissatisfaction with, the retired and quiet, but hallowed scenes of domestic life. AYe must never so far un sex woman as to disqualify her to blush, or we rob society of its brightest charm. “Zeuxis, the Grecian painter, in paint- ing his Helen, sought to embody in the face the Meal of perfect beauty. To ac complish this, lie sent to Crotona, famous for its handsome women, for six maidens, from the combination of whose charms lie hoped to secure perfection of feature aud expression. One of the six could not be prevailed upon to unveil her face, for she could not endure the scrutinizing gaze of a stranger. When the picture was finish ed and exhibited before the public, it had electric power. The air was rout with the shouts cf the people. ‘ The painter was the only dissatisfied spectator. He felt that one charm was wanting to his picture, aud he exclaimed, “Oh for the blush of the sixth maiden!” “Whilst I rejoice, in common with my fellow’ citizens, that such an impulse is given in Georgia to female education, arid whilst I wish hearty success to every ef fort, I have great fears we are making with them some dangerous experiments. “It is true, public sentiment may finally correct these evils, but untold injury may be done before the evils are fully seen, and it may require a whole generation of time to eradicate .them;” Know Notfiiagism and C&iSxolie Riots. We were about giving the Rev. John E. Dubose a piece of our mind last week, for “traveling out of the record” in his Com mencement Address before the Synodical Female College, to preach up a crusade against foreigners and Catholics. But ons friends interposed, saying, as we were a sort of Methodist ourself, aud the reve rend gentleman a Presbyterian., it might be attributed to sectarian feeling. This was not in all our thoughts; so? we have nothing of the kind about us; it was the very thing we wished to reprove. But these considerations deterred us from pub lishing our remarks. We hope, however, we may be permitted to copy from the Richmond Enquirar , of the 14th inst. i some remarks very much in the spirit of j our own: Know-Notuingism. —The public have been much perplexed with doubts as to the real aim of the Know-Nothing organi zations, but the dispute is satisfactorily settled at last. There was a great deal of plausibility in the conjecture that the malignant spirit of sectarian bigotry and the illiberal jealousy of race, were at the bottom of the mysterious movement; still, so long as its object was disguised in an impenetrable veil of secresy, its true char acter could ouly be developed by its pub lic operations. This has been done, and with the certainty with which we tell the tree by its fruit, may we now determine the real nature and object of the Know- Nothing organization. The tree has borne its fruit, and a dead ly poison it is. The riotous demonstrations against the ('atliolies and foreign popula tion in Northern cities, were all the work of the Knotv Nothing conspirators. It is their intolerant bigotry which is dese crating and destroying the Catholic chur ches of New England. It is their vulgar prejudice which, by insufferable persecu tion, is goading the ignorant Irish to vio lence and outbreak. They have inflamed the passions of sect and of race; they have disturbed the harmony and repose of socie ty; and by the inexorable constancy and fierce energy with which they pursue their diabolical purposes, they threaten to bring serious trouble and peril upon the coun try. It is a singular contradiction, that among a people who are themselves the descendants, by a single remove, from foreigners; in a country where perfect freedom of conscience and opinion is the boast of the patriot, and at an epoch when it is thought the spirit of Christian civiliza tion lias subdued the ferocious feelings of the human heart—it is.strange that there, and at this day, should spring up and flourish a secret association which derives its energy from the most cruel nnd malig nant passions of our nature, which stifles the voice of charity, which proscribes the alien and denies the ordinary rights of hospitality to the stranger and the so journer, and which wages a relentless war against the principles of civil and religi ous liberty. Strange indeed that the Pro test an t should pract ice persecution in the spirit of the Inquisition, and should fight the Pope with the weapons of Ignatius Loyola. Strange that the quiet profession of a venerable faith should be proscribed in the name of a creed which claims the utmost liberty of private judgment.— Strange that a philosophic contempt for the trumpery of superstition, should impel men to a crusade of iconoclasm against plaster crucifixes and miniature virgins.— Stranger still that the republican should punish the vietira of intolerance with the relentless rigor and secret stab of despo tism. Strangest of all that Americans should close the door against the fugitive from oppression, and should renounce all sympathy and fellowship with the conn-, THE GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN. GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 27, 1854. trymen of Montgomery, De Kalb, Kos ciusko, Pulaski, and of La Fayette. Here are inconsistencies and anomalies which may well puzzle the philosopher with all his presumption and conceit. It is idle to say, that nothing more is contemplated, than the exclusion of the Catholic and the foreign born, from politi cal franchises and the rights of citizenship. There are passions which it is easier to in flame (ban to subdue. A child may kin* die a conflagration which the mercy of Heaven ouly can extinguish. When the people in this country are arrayed in hos tile sects, and the passions and prejudices of race are exasperated by collisions of creed, who then will soothe the rage of religious bigotry, and restore the reign of peace and repose? The Catholic will not surrender his rights without a struggle. Persecution will provoke resistance, and in the end the liberties of the country will be lost. Does not every man foresee this result? Already has the intolerant spirit of Know Nothing-ism incited to riot arid bloodshed; and it will not be long before tnc more sedate portion of the community will be startled front their indifference to this thing, by a shock which will be felt throughout the country. Politicians are proverbially reckless in the pursuit of their selfish schemes, but there is a daring, impious disregard of the qui et and security of society in this appeal to the religious passious of the people, which almost defies conception. Interesting from Japan. We have been favored by Messrs,’ Norris & Son, of Philadelphia, with a copy of the following graphic and amu sing; letter addressed to them by a j'oung engineer; who wg -formally coo.fict*4 with their locomotive factory, at Bush Hill, but is now attached to Commodore Perry’s squadron:— Exchange. U. S. Steamer Susquehanna, ) Hong Kong, Apt ii 9,1853. \ Messrs. Richard Norris & Son, Bush Hill, Philadelphia, Pa.:— Dear Sirs: —We have just returned from our second visit to Japan; and hav ing participated in the many interesting scenes that have lately occurred in that almost unknown country, a short account ot it, lam sure, will be interesting to you, as yon contributed very largely to pro mote the interest and enhance the good leeling displayed towaids cs by that strange people. W e left Hong Kong on the 14th Jan u ry, in company wi h the Mississippi, Powhatan, and the store ships Lexing ton and Southampton, for the Loo Choo Islands, where we fell in with the sloops Macedonian aud Vandahn, and storeship Supply, which vessels had preceded us. Our visit there was merely a repetition of the first, of which you have, r.o doubt, seen long accounts in the papers We retnained-ihere about ten days, u'uiing wh-ich time the Commodore paid another visit ia state to ti e at Shuedi, when we had an opportunity of again viewing the beautiful and picturesque scenery of that island. Shue'di is the capital, and about throe miles from Nassa-Kiang, the place cf our anchorage. We were first conducted to the royal pal ace, tvhete compliments were exchanged, and we were treated to weak tea, “saki,” and a kind cf tir.n cake, as tough as gut ta percha, after which we ret red to the Regent’s private dwelling, where we sat down to a sumptuous dinner. VYe were seated at small tables, large enough for four, and wi h chopsticks in hard we commenced operations; we struggled through about thirty courses, each served up in a small bowl, the size of a tta cup; of what they coosisled we had not ihe slightest idea, except that in some of them we could discover a fishy taste. Towards the last someone hinted that they were in the habit of eating snalces, whereupon 1 immediately gave up in disgust. Had it been ever so palatable, with nothing to eat with but chop-sticks, I concluded an uncivilized Yankee would stand a pretty good chance of starving to death; for no sooner would I get them on a level with my mouth and about to make sure of some choice piece, than they would givc,a flirt, and away fly the “chow-chow,” either into my own or my neighbor’s lap; so I gave it up in despair, and “walked into” the side dishes, which consisted of dried meats and fish, boiled eggs, sliced and colored; the former I was somew hat cau tious about, after the hints that had been thrown out; but we all did ample justice to the latter, which would have done credit to Parkinson himself. Each table was attended by a retinue of servants, who were very officious and kept us supplied with all the dainties; our cups of “saki” w era kept constantly filled to the brim. The cups used for this beverage are only lirge enough to hold one swallow; but they v/ere never allowed to stand empty, being continual ly supplied by the servant from a close earlhern vessel. The “saki” has a sweetish taste, which I do not admire, though it is said to be very exhilarating. Tne visit passed off very pleasantly, and we enjoyed the novelty of the scene ex ceedingly. After several toasts had benn drank, the Commodore maoe n motion to go, which we all followed, and, form ing into regular procession, the bands struck up a lively air, and w r e all returned to our respective ships, with appetites not the least blunted by our dinner at the Regent’s. On the 7th of February we sailed for Japan, where we arrived on the 12th, aud anchored in Jeddo bay. The next morning we moved up to what we de signated, on our first visit,. “The Ameri can Anchorage,” which is said to be abont twenty miles from the imperial ciiy. At this place the Commodore transferred his flag to the Powhatan, where several interviews look place with the governor ot the immediate province, and other high officials, and arrangements for the negotiation were made. They gave us great encouragement, and said ihe Emperor was very favorably disposed towards the American nation, and would grant every request made in the Presi dent’s letter. Some slight difference ot opinion arose at first with regard to the most convenient place for holding the council meetings. They insisted that it would be better to go back to Uraga, near the place of our first landing; but the Commodore determined, it possible, to go still further up the bavq and. as usual, his indomitable will carried the day; and it was decided that they should be held near a town, Kana-gawa, some eight or tea miles further up. Ac-1 cordingly we again shifted our anchor- j •ig'q and on the 8 h of Afrnrch the Com-j held wi:h ihe 1 ambassador;-sent f.oni Jejldo to negoii- 1 ale with him, and which resulted, I be lieve, satisfactorily to both parties. On the 13th, the presents to the Em peror, Empress and Court of Japan, were landed and placed in a warehouse budl for their reception. Very comfortable buildings of cedar and bamboo were erected, in which were held the council meetings. Among the presents the beau tiful model locomotive and tender built at your works, together with the passen ger car built by lvimbal & Gorton, held a conspicuous place. They were very much admired by all the officers of the squadron, end 1 felt as though I was standing by ihe side of an old friend; everything about it looked so natural, ex cept a few improvements which were new to me. We enjoyed the surprise they manifested in beholding the perfec-j tionofthe American mechanical arts, as I displayed in the Various presents sent: out by the government, with some feel-J ings of pride. Though they seemed lo have no definite idea of their uses, and probably could not appreciate ihe benefit derived from they are intelligent enough, and evidently did admire their construction anri beautiful.workmanship. It is a naturakfiriit ith Ahern, as well as the Chinese,JfevA&o TSpress astonish ment or admivalvun, either by word cr action, for anything foreign; but it would come out, in spite of them. They seem ed to look u-pon them as masses of mat ter ingeniously put together, but for what -purpose was entirely beyond their com prehension. The magnetic telegraph and locomo tive attracted their attention more than a'l the rest, particularly the latter. They examined the delicate workmanship of ail its complicated parts as minutely &s a watchmaker would the works of a watch. They were perfectly satisfied that vessels could he propelled on the water by boiling water, for our three large steamers had given them evidence of the fact; but that they should see a carriage propelled on land by the same power, was to them w onder upon won der. After the track was laid, the en gine was placed Hp’oa it, and put in ope ration, and when they saw it whirling around with the .*ar at the rate of fifteen or twenty miles an hour, and carrying five or six pers ns, their surprise was complete. When it was stopped they gathered around in crowds, and had an intense desire to the inside to J tjnd out, it what made it go; they opened tiie twike box door, and the furnace door, but could see nothing but fire and smoke; they looked into the smoke pipe, though very cautiously, after having seen the steam snorting from it at such a furious rate. There were about 2,000 people, at least there appeared lo be that number, who came to see iq and it v. as with some difficulty, at first, that any of them could be persuaded to r;de upon it; but their shyness soon wore cif, j and passengers could be had in abun dance; five or six could seat themselves very ea-iiy oh the gender and car. It was very amuMog, a railroad in Japan. Who Would ever nave thought of such a thing but Uncle Sam? The first locomotive, too, ever iu operation in. Japan, built out and out at Norris’s! 1 need hardly tell you that l take a great deal of pride iu it. At evety stopping the gentleman in charge, Mr. Dauby, of the Mississippi, would exclaim, at the top of his voice, “Passengers please show theit tickets,” “Passengers for Gorie Kama get out here and secure their baggage,” “Passen gers for Jeddo will please secure theii tickets before they get in the csrs,” then, the whistle wound sound, and the bell ‘ling, to give that the time was up, aud warriWg to and then a snort or two, and off they flew again.— It was conducted in true Yankee style. The Japanese were highly pleased, and expressed their admiration iu the warm est terms. affair was conduct ed under the immediate superintendence of Mr. Gray, Chief Engineer of the Mis sissippi. hs operation was peifect; not the smallest bolt (and some of them are indefinitely small) having given way, nor the accident having occur red to it. It made the circuit of the track from three and a half to four times a minute, and it being about 370 fee’- iu | circumference, would be equal to a speed of fifteeu miles pet hour, this was per formed, carry grown persons. It could have been driven up to a higher speed, but this was sufficient lo answer the purpose for wh.ch it was intended. The car is a splendid specimen of work manship, and reflects great credit on the maker; It is a perfect model of a full grown car, with every thing complete. There was one exception, which was discovered by an officer, an old railroad traveller, and that was the hook3 inside for hanging carpet bags and umbrellas upon were o mitted; conveniences of great importance, by the rail road traveller. track is tb be taken up and transported with the car and lo comotive to Jeddo, to be placed iu the Emperor’s garden, for the Empress and himself to play with I suppose, that is, if there is an Empress. It will be fine sport for them, as the-prosent Emperor is quite a young man, the old Emperor having died during the interval of our visits It was suggested by someone to send him some genuine old American whiskey, but some of the old functionaries here, replied that we “had better send him books, that he might learn something; he was too young to drink whiskey” which I thought a very good reply, though they are gene rally very fond of wines and other liquors. We are now free from the expedition, our ships being placed at the disposal of Mr. McLane, our Minister to China.— We left Japan on the 24th of March, and ! arrived here on the 2d instant; the rest of ! the squadron was left with the Commo • dore, who was still engaged in negotiating •for the treaty, though the day of our de parture was the one appointed for the i signing, and I suppose its final consnm ; mation as far as Commodore Perry is con cerned. The Saratoga was in readiness” (lo convey Capt. Adajurs to the United {States, by the wav of tlie Sandwich Is j iqnds and Horn, as bearer of dcs- I patches to the ‘government When she ’ arrives I suppose the result will be an nounced officially, and it will soon be heralded over the vrorld as a most t-ignal | triumph of American intelligence and en terprise. Nothing was positively knowm to ns when we left, as to the -xact nature of the treaty; but it is generally under stood and believed that we shall have three ports opened to oiir commerce, and where our California steamers can obtain supplies of coal, and protection for our mariners, which are certainly objects of great importance to our govern ment, as well as to seafaring men, the gales in these seas at certain seasons of the year being terrific. The weather was very cold during the greater part of our stay there, the ther mometer frequently standing as low as 32 degrees, which would probably beconsid- j ered moderate at that time ia some parts jof the States, but.we felt it severely, after jso long a sojourn in a warm climate We I saw the first snow there that we had seen since we left home. The back country is very mountainous and covered with snow, and with the bright sunlight glistening upon i heir White peaks, they formed a magnificent back ground to the green val leys aud plains below. I was surprised to see everything along the shore so green, WVi+e'-rtrr- wiiitj'u. a.iul to find it so cold out where we were an chored; but upon going ashore I found the weather quite miid, and all kinds of vegetation in a flourishing state. Mount’ Fusi, or Fusi Yama, looked up far above its neighbors, and looked like an immense snow bank. Its form is that of a cone, and is the highest mountain in Japan, be ing 13,000 feet above the level of tbo sea, : and though it only looked to be a few miles from us, it was at least 60 miles distant. It was once a volcano, but is now totally extinct. As we entered the mouth of the bay, we passed a small is land, upon which was a volcano in full blast. Great columns of black smoke is- sued from it at a fearful rate, though not accompanied by any noise. It is called Sulphur Island, and said to be covered with sulphur. The western shore of the bay is lined with villages, and as far as we could see the soil appeared very fertile, and the climate suitable, I should think, for the production of almost everything. Ve obtained supplies of vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, radishes, carrots, &c., which were very fine indeed, and the waters abound in fine fish and oysters. The Commodore will visit the ports named m tb-e treaty a- and surveys of some c-f the harbors, which will occupy several months; after which lie will return to Hong Kong, when I hope he will have the sweet privilege of returning to the happy shores of America. It was not my intention to make my letter so exten sive w hen 1 commenced, but ouly to give you a short account of what interested me, aud that which I thought w'ouhl deep ly interest you—the complete success of the rail road; but hoping it will not prove uninteresting, I am, with the greatest re spect, your most obedient servant, ili? Treaty with Japan. ttulifk'd by U. S Senate on the 15ih July, ISSJ. [Confidential J Treaty between the UniieJ States of America and the Empire of Japan, done at Kanagavva, the third day of March, arid of Kiyei Hie seventh year, third Month, ami Uurd day. The United States of America and the Empire of Japan, desiring to establish firm, listing, and sincere friendship be tween the two nations, have resolved to fix, in a tri an tier clear and positive, by means of a treaty or general convention c,f peaca and amity, the rules which shall vri future be mutually observed in the intercourse of their respective countries, for wh ch most desirable object the Pres ident ol the Uubed States has conferred full power# upon his Commissioner, Mat thew Galbraith Perry, Special Ambassa dor of toe United States to Japan, and the August sovereign of Japan has given similar full power to his Commissioners, Hayashi, Dai-gakad—no—Hami, Iniado, Prince of Zsus-Sima, lzawa, Prince of Mamasaki, and Udono, member of the Board of Revenue. And the said Com missioners, after having exchanged their said full powers, and duly considered the premises, have agreed to the following articles: Article I. There shall be a perfect, permanent, and universal peace, and a sincere and cordial amity between the Uuited States of America on the one part, and the Empire of Japan upon ‘he other part, and between their people re spectively, without exception of persons or places. Art. 11. The port of Sirnoda, in the Principality ofjdzu, and the port of Ba codade, in the Principality of Matsmai, are granted by the Japanese as ports for the reception of American ships, where they can be supplied with wood, water, provisions and coal, and other articles their necessities may require, as fir as the Japanese have them. The time for opening rite first named port, is immedi ately upon the signing of this treaty; the last named port is to be opened immedi ately after the same day in the ensuing Japanese year. [Note. —A tariff ot prices shall be given by the Japanese officers of the things which they can furn ish, payment for which shall be made in gold or silver coin. ] Art. 111. Whenever ships of ihe ‘Uni ted States are thrown or wrecked upon the coast of Japan, the Japanese vessels will assist them and carry their crews to Sirnoda or Hacodade and hand them over to their countrymen appointed to re ceive them; whatever articles the ship wrecked men may have preserved shall likewise be restored,! aud the expenses inclined in the rescue and support of Americans and Japanese who may thus he thrown upon the shore of either na tion, are not to he refunded. Art IV. T hose shipwrecked persons] ati ‘ other citizens of the United States shall he free as in other countries, and not subject to confinement, hut shall be amenable to just laW’s. Art.. Y. Shipwrecked men and other citizens of the United States temporarily living at Simoda and Hakodade shall not be subject to such restrictions and confine ment as the Dutch and Chinese are in Naga-snki, bat shall be free at Simoda to go where they please within the limits of seven Japanese miles (or ri) from a small island in the harbor of Simoda-marked on the accompanying chart thereto appended; and shall in like manner he free to go where they please at Hakodade within limits to be defined after the visit of the United States squadron to that place. Art YI. If there Vie any other sort of goods wanted or any business which shall require to bo arranged, there shall be careful deliberation between the parties in order to settle such matters. Art. VII. It is agreed .that ships of the United States resorting to the ports open to them, shall be permitted to ex change gold and silver coin and articles of goods for other articles of goods, under such regulations as shall be temporarily established by the Japanese Government for that purpose. It is stipulated, how ever, that the ships of the United States shall be permitted to carry away whatever articles they are unwilling to exchange. Art. VIII. Wood, water, provisions, coal and goods required, shall only be # procured through the agency of Japanese officers, appointed for that purpose, and Art. IX. It is agreed thai, if at any future day the Government of Japan shall grant to any other nations or nation pri vileges or advantages which are not here* in granted to the United States and the citizens thereof, that those same privileges and advantages shall be granted likewise to the United States and the citizens! thereof, without any consultation or do- i lay. . I Art. X. Ships of the United States j shall be permitted to resort to no other ports in Japan but Simoda and Hakodade, unless in distress or forced by stress of weather. Art XL There shall bo appointed by the Government of the United States, consuls or agents to reside in Simoda at any time after the expiration of eighteen months from the date of the signing of this treaty, provided that either of the two Governments deem such an arrangement necessary. Art. XII. The present Convention haviug been concluded and duly signed shall be obligatory and faithfully observed by the United States of America and Ja pan, and by the citizens and subjects of each respective power; and it is to be rat ified and approved by the President of tub United States, by and with the adrtcr. and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the august Sovereign of Japan, and the ratification shall be exchanged within eighteen months from the date of the sig nature thereof, or sooner if practicable. In the faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries of the United States of America and the Empire of Japan afore said, have signed and sealed these pre sents. Doue at Kanagawa this third day of March, in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ, 1854, and of Kayer the seventh year, third month and third day. [Signed by the Commissioners.] From the New York Leader. Life among the mormons. In the wide and well-timbered bottom of the Arkansas, the Mormons had erected a street of log shanties, in which to pass the inclement winter. These were built of rough logs of cottonwood, laid one a bove the other, the interstices being filled with mud, and rendered impervious to wind or wet. At one end of the row of] shanties was the “church” or temple—a long building of huge logs, in which the prayer meetings and holdingg-forth took place. > The mountain hunters found this camp a profitable market for their meat and deerskins, with which latter .commodity the Mormons were now compelled to clothe themselves, and resorted there for that purpose—to say nothing of the really beautiful Missourian girls, who sported their tall graceful figures at the frequent fandangoes. Danciug and preaching go hand in hand in Mormon doctrine, and the “temple” was generally cleared for a “hop” two or three times during the week, a couple of fiddles doing the duty of or chestra. A. party of mountaineers came in one day, bringing deerskins, and were invited to be present at one of these fes tivals. Arrived at the temple, they were rather taken aback on finding themselves in for a sermon, which one of the elders delivered preparatory to the “physical exercises.” The preacher was one Brown—called, by reason of his commanding a company of Mormon volunteers, “Cap’en Brown”—a hard featured, black coated man of five and forty, correctly got np in black, con tinuations, and white handkerchief round his neck, a costume seldom seen at the foot of the Rocky Mountains. The Cap ’en rising, cleared his voice, and thus com menced, first turning to an elder (with whom there was a little rivalry in the way of preaching): “Brother Dowdier* (bro ther Dowdlc blushed and nodded: he was a long tallow-faced man, with black hair, combed over his forehead.) “I feel like holding forth a little this afternoon, be fore we glorify the Lord-a in tne- a-holy dance. As there are a great many strange gentlemen now-a preseut, it’s about right to tell ’em-a-what our doctrine jnst is, and so I toll’s ’em right off what the Mor mons is. They are the chosen of the Lord; they are the children of glory, per secuted by the hand of man; they flies hero to the wilderness, and, among the Injinc3 and the huffier , they lifts np_ their heads, aud cries with a loud voice, Susan j uah! and hurray for the promised land! |Do you -believe it? I know it. [ “They wants tfc know whar we’re going. Whar the Church goes, thar we goes.— Yes, to hell, and pull the Devil off Lis throne—that’s what we’ll do. Do you believe it? I know it. “Thar’s milk and honey in that land as we’re goiu’ to, and the lost tribes of Israel is thar, and will jinc ’em. They say as we'll starve on the road, bekase thar’s uo game and no water; but thar’s manna up in heaven, and it’ll rain on us, and thar’a prophets among trs can make the water “coipe ” . Can’t they, brother Dowdle?” “ f Veil they can?” “And now, what have the Gentiles and Philistines to say against us” Mormons?— They say we’re thieves, and steal hogs; yes, damn ’em! they say we have as many wives as we like So we have. I’ve twenty—forty, myself, and mean to have as many more as I can get. But it’s to pass uufortuuate females into heaveu that I has ’em—yes, to prevent ’em going to roaring flames and damnation that 1 does it. “Brother Dowdle,” he continued, its a hoarse low voice, “I’ve give out,” and think, we’d better begin the exercises gret fnl to the Lord.” Brother Dowdle rose, and, after saying that he did’nt feel like saying much, bagg ed to remind all hands, that dancing was solemn like, to be done with proper devo tion, and not with laughing and talking, of which he hoped to hear little or none; that joy was to be in their-liearts, and not on their lips; that they danced for the glory of the Lord, and not their own a musement, as did. the Gentiles. After saying this, he Called upon brother Ezra to “strike up;” sundry couples stood forth, 1 and the ball commenced. Ezra of the violiu was a tall shambling Missourian, with a pair of “homespun” lb ilirtlflt VMk* /ij* 1a Ift.hflflVy boots. Nodding his head in time with the music, he occasionally gave instructions to such of the dancers as were at fault, sing ing them to the tune he was playing, in a dismal nasal tone “Down thccenlre—hands ao."os?i You, Jke Herrin? —thump if. New, you n!i go right ahead— Every one of you jump it, Every one of you —hump it. n The last words being the signal that all should clap the steam on, which they did con amove, and with comical seriousness. A mountaineer, Rube Herring, became a convert to the Mormon creed, and held forth its wonderful doctrines to snch of the credulous trappers as he could indnee to listen to him. Old Fvnbe stood nearly six feet six inches in height, and was spare and bony in his make. He had picked up an extraordinary cloth coat among the Mormons, which had belonged to some one more than his equal in stature. This coat was of a snuff-brown color, had its waist about a hand’s span from the nape of Rube’s neck, or about a yard above its proper position, and the skirts reached to his ankles. A slouching felt-hat covered his head, from which the long black hair escaped, Ranging in st-ts-es over hio fontarn jaws. His pantaloons, of buckskin, were shrunk with wet, and reached midway be tween his knees and ankles, and his huge feet were encased in raoccassins of buffalo skin. Rabe was never without the book c f Mormon in his hand, and his sonoroak voice might be heard, at all hours of the day and night, reading passages’ from its wonderful pages. He stood the badger ing of the hunters with most perfect good hntnor, and said that such a book as that was never before printed; that the Mor mons was the “biggest kind” of prophets, and theirs the best faith ever believed in. Rnbe had let out one day that he Was to be hired by this party of Mormons as guide to the Great Salt Lake; but their destination being changed, and his service not required, a wonderful change came over his mind. He was, as usual, book of Mormon in hand, when brother Brown announced the change in their plans; at which the book was cast into the Arkan sas, and Rube exclaimed—“ Cuss your darn ed Murnmum and Thummura! Thar’s not one among you, knows “fat cow from poor ball,” and you may go to hell for me.” And turning away, old Rube spat out a qa and of tobacco and his Mormonism together. Ruxion'a Life in the Far West. Santa Anna, it is stated, availed him self of his recent march to Acapulco, to test the accuracy of the recent reports that the mountains of Guerrero contain extensive coal mines. Ihe result of his investigation satisfied him that there are almost inexhanstable supplies of this valu able article, which can be obtained in any quantity, at Acapulco, at a cost consider ably less than the freight on that now carried there from England and the At lantic States, for the use of our steamers. Santa Anna has also satisfied himself that the undeveloped precious mineral wealth of Mexico is immeasurably greater than has ever heretofore been supposed; and it is his desire and purpose to adopt mea sures to make these treasures available. An Irruption of Water. —The Paul ding Clarion says that the Mississippi overflowed its banks recently in the rich alluvial county of Bolivar, causing a de struction utterly ruinous, the preseut sea son, upon many plantations. Splendid tracts of -fertile lands, ripe in promise for the harvost, have been submerged; and where all was verdure and vernal beauty a few days previous, the scene at the pe riod of the inundation presented a vast sheet of desolating waters, an “inland sea,” upon many plantations. The loss is estimated at $250,000. Freedom of Speech.- —A Western jus tice of the peace ordered a witness to “come up and be sworn.” He was inform ed that the man was deaf and dumb. “I don’t care,” said the Judge passionately, “whether he is or not—here is the Con stitution of the United States before me. It guarantees to every man the right of speech: and so long as I have the honor of a seat on this bench, it shall not be violated or invaded. What this Consti tution guarantees to a man he shall have, I reekow.” No. 30.
