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iiSlccMij Sun.
•r \V >r.r li.-jf. V AIUNOTON....T. tilLllEß’l'.
TIIOS. GILBERT tV ( (>.,
! anti I’ropiuetoi'-
— ♦
SinSCKIPTIOKS.
i >rano year, jiaynblein wlvanro $2 00
[ ii iix month*, payable in advance 1 25
ADVERTISEMENTS.
\ l iv>TtU >, nw , !its ‘■'ill be inserted in the Weekly
Sun at one dollar per square(ten lines or less in
ii :i ,treil type,)for the first insertion, and fifty
c.irits fur each subsequent insertion of the same.
Professional and other cards, not (xc< tiling five
lin. in- rted nix months for eight dollars, or for
tu .,lve nicnthH at fourteen dollars.
tnnouncomeutsof candidates for a time not ex
qing three months, five dollars; for all time
dvr three months, at the rate of two dollar:- per
m. nth —pay required in advance.
Tuesday August 10, lij.!!).
The Baltimore Clipper hoists the name
of Hon. John M. Botts, of Va., as it fa
vorite for the nest Presidency.
The Democratic party of Fulton county
have nominated Col. John Collier for the
Senate, and Edward M. Talliaferro for
the House.
The Richmond Morning News is in
formed that G. P. R. James, Esq., the
novelist, has determined to leave Venice
and return to Virginia, for the purpose
of making it his permanent residence.
Mr. Charles B. Hudson, a worthy and
influential Democrat, and sound lawyer,
from the county of Schley, is, we under
stand, a candidate for the office of Soli
citor General of the Chattahoochee Cir
cuit, at the coming January election.—
Times.
Increase of Georgia Wealth.
The Atlanta Intelligencer learns from
the Comptroller General, that the digests
of 112 counties, returned to his office,
how an increase of the taxuble property
of this State, for the past year, of fifty
millions of dollars, in the counties for
which returns have been received.
The deposits in the Boston Five Cents
Savings Bank have reached two millions 1
of dollars. There are upwards of 20,-
000 depositors. The bank has been in
operation just five years, and is an un
precedented success.
*
Stephen A. Douglas has been named
by the Democracy of Connecticut, as the
choice of the party in that State for the
Presidency, and Douglas delegates have
been chosen to the Charleston Conven
tion.
-. +—— —
Another Jhurgc Fire in Memphis,
The Planing Mill and Lumber Yard of
Moore, Holstead & Cos., in Memphis, to
gether with five dwellings adjoining, were ,
burned on Sunday last. The loss is csti- j
mated at one hundred and twenty-five 1
thousand dollars. Supposed to have been
the work of an incendiary.
♦
The Abbeville (Ala.) Banner states that
on Monday, Ist instant, at Ililliardsville,
Henry county, Mr. Anderson was stabbed
by Joshua Grace. There was thought to
be hut, little chance for Anderson’s recov
ery. Tlio cause of difficulty is not stated,
hut the presumption is that it grew out
of the election excitement, hacked up by
whisky.
— +
In Pike county, Alabama, E. L. Mcln
tyro is elected to the Senate, over Henry
I!. Thompson, the Democratic nominee.
J. B. Goldsmith, Opposition, and 0. F.
Knox, Democrat, are elected to the House.
For Congress, the vote stood, for Pugh, :
I,<<oß, and for Sappington 140. Pike
county polled 0,003 votes.
Gen. Lamar, our Minister to Central
America, arrived at New York by the
Northern Light, on the 31st ultimo, ac
companied by Mr. Wells, liis secretary;
Manuel M. Mallerino, ex-l’resident of
New Granada; John S. Stephenson and
Charles S. E. Jones, bearers of despatches j
for Washington from the United States
Delegations in Chili and New Granada.
+
Bloudin has refused a proposition made
him by the proprietor of the New York j
Museum to walk a rope streched across
Broadway from the Museum building to
the Aster House. But “they say” he j
lias it in contemplation to take a prome
nade on -a rope streched from Trinity
Church spire to the steeple of St. Paul’s,
a distance of a quarter of a mile, and at
an average elevation of 200 feet. So
says the Philadelphia Argus.
Yellow Fever on the Mexican Coast.
The Picayune learfis from a gentleman
direct hither, that the yellow fever (vom
ito) is prevailing as an epidemic not only
on the Rio Grande, as before recorded,
hut at Tampico and all along the
Northern Mexican coast. The mortality
is very great, especially among the Mex
ican population, and the people were flee
ing in every direction.
We hear of anew thing under the sun.
The Directors of the Detroit and Milwau
kee Rail Road, with a most commendable
regard for the comfort of their passen
gers, have resoved to erect at their depot
in Detroit a largo number of baths, where
travellers over their line may cleanse
themselves with pure and refreshing wa
ter, after a long ride on the cars. During
the warm season nothing more pleasant
could he afforded dust-crusted travellers.
■ ♦-
Nominations fertile Legislature.
The Democratic party of Cobb county
has nominated John 0. Gartrell for the
Senate, and Napoleon B. Green and Geo.
N. Lester for the House of Representa
tives of the next Legislature.
In Glynn county, the Democratic party,
in county meeting, at Brunswick, on the
the 2d, nominated Thomas Butler King,
for the Senate, and John 1.. Harris for
the House.
Tlie Revenges of Napoleon 111.
An editorial signed “C.” and wo sup
pose from Caleb Cushing, in the Boston
Traveler, concludes:
“Napoleon, by the actual aid of Great
Britain, has balanced the Russian success
of Moscow by the reduction of Sevastopol.
He has. with the passive countenance of
Great Britain, balanced the Austrian oc
cupation of Paris by the victory of Sol
ferino. 4he debt to Prussia remains to
be paid off; but. above all, that to Great
Britain. Trafalgar and Waterloo are
memories of rage and shame in the hearts
of all Frenchmen, and especially of all
Bouapartes. And if, in this respect, the
turn of Great Britain is to come, she will
only have herself to thank, for the pres
ent powerful and proud position of Louis
Napoleon is her work quite as much as
that of his own genius. Certain we may
he that of this great drama of tiie Second
Empire, the fourth and fifth, and great
est, of its acts are yet to come.”
+. ■
The Supreme Court of Georgia com
menced its session in Atlanta on Monday
last, with a full bench. The American
says there are au unusually large number
of distinguished legal gentlemen in at
tendance on the Court.
The Opposition State Convention, which
adjourned over from Macon, to re-assem
hle at Atlanta, to consider ihe propriety
of nominating an opponent to Joe Brown,
for Gubernatorial honors, was to have
met in Atlanta yesterday.
VOLUME HLI
A New Candidate.
We learn from our exchanges that Wil
liam M. Potter, Esq*, of Early county,
has announced himself as an independent
candidate for Congress in this (the Sec
ond) District, liis platiorm is said to be
extreme “Southern Rights, and the re
opening of the African Siave Trade. Me
have four candidates —Martin J. Craw
ford, representing the Democracy; Alar
celius Douglas, representing the Opposi
tion (late American) party; Gen. James
N. Bethune, representing the Free Trade
and Direct Taxation party; and William
M. Potter, representing revivalists of the
African Slave Trade. Certainly, with
this multiplicity of candidates and isms
represented, there will be a chance for
the scattered fragments of the old politi
cal parties to cast their votes satisfactor
ily, at least to themselves.
The Hog Cholera.
This disease has been making sad havoc
among the grunters in some localities of
Georgia, this summer. Among other lo
calities, the farmers of Burke county have
come in for a share. lor the benefit of
hog raisers, the Waynesboro’ News gives
the suggestions of Judge T. H. Blount, of
Burke, who is among the sufferers in that
county. Judge Blount states that among
those hogs which were regularly salted
not a case had appeared, whilst in a lot
exempted from this usage he had lost
near a hundred head, both lots otherwise
subjected to the same treatment.
Wc would further suggest, that to en
sure the general health and thrift of hogs,
they should have, at least once in every
two weeks, equal quantities of salt and
ashes ; and, monthly, small portions of
sulphur and coperas should he added.
Douglas’ Secret Order.
It appears from development, (says the
Pennsylvanian —a Democratic paper,)
that the friends of a certain Presidential
candidate have commenced a secret po
litical o ganization in New York, and are
endeavoring to extend it into other States.
The Order is known by the name of “Spar
tans.” They avow themselves in favor
of the Cincinnati platform, “as expound
ed by the people’s champion, Stephen A.
Douglas;” and the following is one of
their resolutions, made public in the Re
public, at Buffalo, where there is a branch
of the Order:
Resolved. That in order to make our
selves effective at the polls, we will act as
a unit in casting our ballot for men who
shall have been endorsed by this order.”
Alabama Secretary of State.
In the Montgomery papers, we see an
nounced two names for the honorable
post of Secretary of State in Alabama—
Gen. Patrick Henry Brittan, of Montgom
ery, and S. 11. McNeel, of Autauga. The
first named we know well. He would
make an excellent and efficient officer;
and if long and faithful service in the
cause of the dominant party in that
State is a virtue worthy of'appreciation
and reward in the estimation of the rep
resentatives of that party in the Legisla
ture, we feel sure ho will he the next
Secretary. Mr. McNeel, is a clever man
In speaking of his announcement for the
office, the Confederation, of which Gen.
Brittan is one of the editors, says he is
“right in politics, sound in principle,
pleasing in address, and with abundance
of intelligence, our friend would fill the
position with honor to himself, and cred
it to the State.” They are bsth Demo
crats.
—— -*
American Opposition Candidates.
The following candidates for the Legis
lature have been nominated in the follow
ing counties:
Monroe. —Robert P. Trippe, Senator;
Wm. M. Clark and Thos. B. Settle, Rep
resentatives.
Butts.— Henry Hendrick, Senator; N.
11. Woodward, Rep.
Henry.—A. J. Cloud, Seu.; Andrew
IV. Henderson and Benjamin L. Harper,
Reps.
Fulton.—Col. Jas. At. Calhoun, Sen. ;
John J. Trasher, llep.
Harris.— Elijah Mullens and Richard
E. Kennou, Reps.
Upson. —E. A. Flewellen, Sen.; Wm.
G. Horseley, Rep.
The Chicago Times states that an eld
erly Englishman, named Joseph Elliott,
was recently lodged in the jail of that
city, tor a debt of $lO, due for his board.
Since being committed, Elliott has re
ceived letters from Great Britain an
nouncing the fact that the sum of £5,400,
with interest from 1836, is now lying to
liis credit in the Bank of England, yet
the old man is unable to raise the neces
sary fees to enable him to appear before
the Judge to swear out of jail.
• ♦
Walked Overboard.
The Petersburg Express states that
Capt. Jacob F. Denny, a farmer of Kent
Island, Queen Anne’s county, Aid., was
lost overboard from the schooner Anne
Eliza, Capt. Degg, while on her way to
Baltimore last Thursday night, with a
cargo of wheat belonging to Capt. Den
ny. The unfortunate man had laid down
on the taffrail of tlie vessel, and while in
a fit of somnambulism, walked overboard.
Religious Revivals.
The Waynesboro’ News learns from a
reliaf'le source that the Methodists have
been having a good time of it in the low
er part of Burke county for two weeks
past. A protracted meeting commenced
at Old Church some two weeks ago, and
at last accounts it had moved to Haber
sham, and was still progressing, with a
great ingathering of souls—about sixty
persons have professed religion, and
“taken up the cross to follow their Sa
vior.”
The Alilledgeville Recorder states that
on Friday night last, during a thunder
storm, the stable of John A. Breedlove,
Esq., of that city, was struck by light
ning and set on lire. The stable being
filled with forage, was soon consumed;
the raiu continuing, the five did not
spread. Loss about five or six hundred
dollars.
Capt. Thomas E. Shaw, who was se
verely wounded by the explosion of the
steamer Barnett, on Wednesday last, near
Jacksonville, -died of his injuries cn Fri
day evening last.
At a Convention of the Democracy of
Taylor county, at Butler, on the 2d inst.,
William S. Wallace, Esq., was nominated
for the Senate, and J. C. McCants, Esqr..
for the House.
Eight shares of the stock of the Cen
tral Rail Road were sold cn Tuesday, 2d
inst., in Savannah, at $l2O per share.
TJie Rail Road Barbecue at this
Place.
Now that the political canvass is over,
and the excitement incident thereto has
subsided, let us ai! go to work, heart and
baud, for our Rail Road. Though it may
be, and doubtless is, impossible for our
citizens to agree politically, we certainly
can all come together as a unit upon the
great Rail Road interest of cur country.
It is said that interest governs the world,
and we doubt not but what the saying is
a correct one, and it cannot be questioned
but what all, from the most opulent down
to the humble cottager, are directly in
terested in this Rail Road enterprise.
From the proceedings of a meeting held
in this place on Tuesday, which will be
found in another part of our paper, it
will be seen that we are to have a grand
Rail Road barbacue at this place on the
10th inst. Speakers from a distance are
expected. Let us all do our duty, and
have a grand rally for our road. “All
the world and the rest of mankind” are
invited and expected to he present. Come
one, come all. —Tallapoosa Tunes.
♦
Singular Death.
A negro woman, belonging to Airs.
Cross, in Hanover county, says the Rich
mond Morning News, died a few weeks
ago under the following circumstances:
She complained to her mistress of having
a kind of choking sensation about the
throat ; her mistress gave her a glass of
salt water, but it failed to have the de
sired effect. Shortly after the negro dis
charged from the bowels a lizard, nearly
six inches in length, causing her death in
a short time. A doctor was called in,
and, upon examination, stated that he
thought the lizard was swallowed some
two years ago. It is presumed the negro
swallowed the lizard while drinking water.
+
C!iarletcii and Savannali Railroad.
We find in the Charleston Courier a
letter from the general contractors on this
road, to the President, in which they state
flattering prospects of an early completion
of the entire road. They have recently
secured the accession of 114 negro hands.
This accession to their former force on
the road, they say, ensures the comple
tion of the entire road, with the exception
probably of some fifteen or twenty miles
of track laying, by January, 1800. They
say that if the bridge across the Savannah
river is completed in time, the cars can
pass from Charleston to Savannah by
Alarcli, 1860.
<.
Tlie Opposition Nominee.
AVe learn frent the Atlanta Intelligencer
that the Opposition Convention which as
sembled in that city on Wednesday, nom
inated Warren Aiken, Esqr., of Cass
county-, to make the race with Joseph E.
Brown, for Governor. Tire Intelligencer
says the orators spoke very encouraging
ly of the flattering prospects of a success
ful termination of the contest in the tri
umphant election of their standard bearer.
First Bale in Georgia.
A bale of new cotton, the first wc have
heard of in Georgia, was received at
Georgetown, Ga., last Tuesday. It was
from the plantation of Alaj. J. AI. Stark,
of Quitman (formerly part of Stewart)
county, and weighed 450 pounds. It
classed middling, and was purchased by
E. C. Ellington at 121 c.
We learn als<*, that one bale of new
cotton was received at Eufaula on AVed
nesday, for which 11c. was refused.
Dickens.
Ou the authority of a private letter,
which arrived by the Persia, from an in
timate per jnal friend of the novelist, it
is announced that Charles Dickens will
visit this country during the ensuing au
tumn, and give the readings from his
own works that have been so successful
in England.
<
Invitation to Lieut. Maury.
‘Professor Maury, of the National Ob
servatory, lias been invited by the direc
tors of the Atlantic Telegraph Company,
to form one of the consulting committee
to investigate and advise the directors as
to the best arrangement of the external
form, specific gravity, and electrical con
struction of the next cable.
Heat in Europe.
The foreign journals received by- the Eu
ropa contain numerous paragraphs about
the extreme heat in Europe, of the first
half of the last month. July 6th was re
ported to he the hottest day ever known
in the South of France, the thermometer
having attained the extraordinary height
of 118 degrees of Fahrenheit’s scale.
~—* *♦-
W e have been favored with a commu
nication from a friend at Clayton, giving
the result of the elections in Barbour
county. As the letter was addressed to
one of us individually, it was not opened
until some time after the news it con
tained had already appeared in our col
umns. Hence it was not published.
Wc trust the explanation will be satis
factory-, as we hope to hear from our
correspondent frequently.
Robert CV. McDonald being arraigned
for the murder of A'irginia Stewart, in
the Court of General Sessions, New York,
stated that his counsel were James T.
Brady-, Esq., the Hon. P. Philips of
Washington, and Judge Grandia of New
Jersey. Alessrs. Brady and Philips were
counsel to Air. Sickles during his trial.
*
Personal.
AYe received a visit, yesterday, from
Air. AYtllis AI. Russell, editor of theßain
briJge Argus. lie has been traveling for
the purpose of extending the circulation
of his paper, and we are pleased to learn
that his efforts have beeu successful.
, ■*
A Gem.
The poem in another column, which
has lately been given to the public, will,
especially iu Columbus, be read with
avidity by the acquaintances personally
or through the writing of the gifted au
thoress, the late Airs. Caroline Lee Ilectz.
Five Companies in One County.
From the Clayton Banner we learn that
another military company has been or
ganized at Midway, Alabama, numbering
thirty members. The military spirit is
certainly prevailing in Barbour.
James AY. Warren, Esq., associate edi
tor of the Columbus Times, is now in
New York City, sojourning with his beau
tiful bride. Avery interesting letter
from him, appears in the last issue of his
paper.*
The Selma Sentinel, of the 10th inst.,
says : “The Alabama river, at this point,
has been rising for the past two days very
rapidly, and is still rising. No doubt
there has been very heavy rains iuthe up
country.”
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, AUGUST lt>, 1859.
From the Louisville Courier,
mammoth Cave—Colossal Cavern —
A New Discovery.
Editors Louisville Courier:— ln the
fall of 1858, Mr. L. J. Proctor, the pro
prietor of tlie Alaminoth Cave, in com
pany with two assistants, undertook the
exploration of a cave, an entrance to
which is situated in Barren county, a
mile and a half from the Louisville and
Nashville Railroad, and ten miles from
the Mammoth Cave. Up to the time of
the exploration made by Mr. Proctor,
nothing was known as to the direction,
distance or dimensions of this vast sub
terranean region, which I have ventured
to name Colossal Cavern,land which, in
extent, grandeur and sublimity, as much
exceeds the Alammoth Cave as tlie latter
exceeds any cave heretofore discovered.
Since the explorations of Air. Proctor
were made, the writer of this article has
verified that gentleman’s observations,
and, in order to facilitate the description
of the cave, .lias conferred the names
mentioned below upon the principal
points of interest.
. The first mile of the avenue leading
from the entrance of the Colossal Cave
runs in a north-eastern direction, and
varies from twenty to sixty feet in width,
and from ten forty in height. Stalac
tites and stalagmites of almost every con
ceivable form and a great variety of color
are found in this avenue. This is called
Stillo Avenue, from the stalactitic forma
tions which are found in it.
On leaving Stillo avenue, an avenue is
entered which is three miles iu length,
and which gradually ascends for its en
tire distance. The walls, floor and ceil
ing of this avenue are lined with alabas
ter flowers of.a variety of forms and of
indescribable beauty, many of which are
over eight inches in diameter. Like the
flowers in Cleveland’s Cabinet in the
Alammoth Cave, they are composed of
the sulphate of lime, and are of a pure
white color. On the floor of this avenue,
successive crops of stucco flowers may he
observed resting one above .another,
which have detached themselves from the
walls and ceiling, from time to time, by
their own weight.
These flowers always form in avenues
destitute of moisture, and with exceeding
slowness. The seasons required for the
successive growths of subterranean flow
ers are not to he reckoned by months, hut
by centuries, for, as can be observed iu
the Mammoth Cave, where gypsum flow
ers have been detached for a period of
fifteen years, the crystals that compose
them are barely perceptible, emerging
from the parent rock of the present time.
This avenue is styled the Floral Temple.
Floral Temple communicates with an
avenue about a half mile iu length, which
leads to a cascade and the entrance of a
river. The river, at the point at which
it is viewed, is seventy-five feet wide,
and gives an echo louder than that of
any river in the Alammoth Cave. *There
being no boat upon the river, it has not
been explored, although it has every ap
pearance of great length. This body of
water is called the Mysterium.
On the right bank of the river Alyste
riuoi an avenue arises which contains the
most magnificent collection of stalactites
ever discovered. This avenue was ex
plored for a distance of three and a half
miles without discovering a terminus. At
this point in the explorations a stalagmite
was discovered, which is a perfect statue
of Gen. AYasliington in military costume.
The stone, of which the natural statue
is composed, is as white as statuary mar
ble, and is exceedingly compact. AYash
ingtou avenue is the name conferred upon
this portion of the cave.
On returning to the Alysterium, au ave
nue may be entered which runs directly
north for a distance of a quarter of anfile,
tvhich terminates in a dome, and which,
in size and general appearance, resembles
the mammoth dome in the Alammoth Cave.
This is called Proctor’s Dome, in honor of
its discoverer, Air. L. J. Proctor.
From Proctor’s Dome to the cliffs, on
the banks of Green river, the principal
avenue resembles in size the main cave of
the Alammoth Cave. The entrance to
Colossal Cavern, on the cliffs of Green
river, is one hundred and fifty feet above
the bed of that stream, and is eleven miles
on a direct line to the entrance in Barren
county. The Green river entrance is in
Edmonson county. The avenue which
leads from Proctor’s Dome to the Ed
mondson county entrance is named Green
River Avenue. The walls and ceiling of
Green River Avenue, for a distance of
three miles and a half, are covered with
nodules of gypsum, which resemble snow
balls.
Seven days were occupied in the first
explorations of the Colossal Cavern, by
Air. Proctor, and the second entrance was
discovered on the fifth day, which was
the first and only time the light of the sun
was seen during the explorations.
Besides the avenues briefly mentioned,
seventy-five others, which intersect them,
have been counted, the extent of which is
not known ; and the aggregate distance
which has already been explored is not
less than forty miles.
I hope, at no distant period, to give a
more detailed account of Colossal Cavern,
which presents such a vast field for sub
terranean research to those who take an
interest in troglodytean lore.
C. AY. AVRIGHT.
Prof. Chemistry in Ky. School of Aledi
cine.
Alajimoth Cave, July 28, 1859.
• ♦’ “” ~
Tlie Wise Letter.
The following to the New
York Herald, explains how the silly pri
vate letter of Gov. Wise found its way to
the public :
“Albany, Aug. 6, 1859.
“It has leaked out here by what means
the famous letter of Gov. AYise came to be
published. It appears that the letter was
written to a confidential friend of Gov.
AA'ise, residing in New York. That gen
tleman, on a recent visit to Albany, while
in conversation with some members of
the Regency, found those parties hostile
to Air. Vt ise, ou the ground of his inti
mate relations with Fernando AYood, and
the control the ex-Mayor was supposed
to have over him. Tlie gentleman, who
is a highly honorable man, and perhaps
not smart enough for the intrigues of the
Regency, incidentally stated, in a spirit
friendly to Gov. AYise, that he knew the
imputations against him to be unfounded.
But he would not be credited unless he
produced the proof; whereupon, larnim
formed, he shoved the letter to Mr. Cassidy,
of the Argus, in strict confidence, who
asked permission to lay it before Mr.
Richmond. This was demurred to, except
upon the solemn assurance that it should not
appear in print. It is now known that seve
ral copies of it were made.”
Barbaric Troops for the British
Army.
The adoption of the Zouaves and Tur
cos into the French army, and their suc
cesses against European troops, have in
cited the British government to attempt
the organization of similar corps from
their colonies in the AYest Indie-. Some
time ago the black soldiers iu Bermuda
were uniformed ala Zouave, and we now
learn that orders have been issued by the
AA'ar Department for the transportation of
three thousand Jamaica negroes to Eng
land. Once arrived, they are to be drill
ed in the use of the latest and most de
structive patterns of small arms, and
trained to serve the new rifled cannon.
AA'hen this first squad has been incorpora
ted with the army, it will doubtless be
followed by others, until the English will
have a biack division which will cope, in
barbarity and ferocity at least, with the
Turcos.
Anew candidate for the honors of the
Alayoraity has appeared in New York
city, in the person of John Jacob Astor,
Jr. The name is suggestive of cash.
From tlie Montgomery Confederation.
Slave Trade—-Piracy.
Recent events have given rise to much
discussion on the constitutionality and
expediency of the acts of Congess against
the slave trade.
The clause of the Constitution which
restricts the power of Congress prior to
1808 was the result of a compromise or
“bargain” between those members of the
convention who desired the immediate
suppression of the trade, and those who
contended for its indefinite extension.
Thus the most threatening question was
settled, and the “more perfect Union”
substituted for the “old confederation.”
Construed by its own terms, and by
the light of circumstances which accom
panied its adoption, the clause itself, in
my judgment, clearly confers the power
to prhibit when the limitation expired.
But it also contains an admission, that
but for the limitation, Congress would
possess full power over the subject. The
terms used denote that this power was
conferred in the commercial clause of the
Constitution. “Importation” and “duty”
are words appropriately denoting the
subject of commerce, and this construc
tion has been adopted by our most emi
nent statesmen and jurists.
In favor of this power we have Also the
highest authority in the repeated acts of
Congress, passed without challenge, on
the assumption that the 9th article of the
Ist section was hut a temporary restraint
of the general power. Thus the act of
22d Alarcli, 1794, makes it penal for the
citizens of the United States to carry on
the trade with foreign countries. The act
of April 7th, 1798, prohibits the importa
tion into the Mississippi Territory. The
act of 23d February, 1803 t makes it un
lawful to import slaves into any of the
States which had prohibited their admis
sion or importation. By the act of 3d
December, 1815, published among the
laws of the State of Alabama in 1843, it
is enacted, that any slave brought into
the State contrary to the laws of the
y
United States, shall be condemned, &c.
These acts of Congress were not ques
tioned. They do not fall within the
limitations of the clause in question, and
therefore rest for their validity on the
general power.
In 1807 a message was sent by the
President to Congress, calling their at
tention to this subject, in which lie con
gratulates them “on the approach of the
period at which they may interpose their
authority constitutionally” to put a stop
to the slave trade. This led to the pas
sage of the act of 2d Alarcb, 1807, which
made such importation a “high misde
meanor,” to be punished by fine and
imprisonment,
liy this act, Congress resumed its full
power over the question, and surely if
there was anything iu the objection lately
urged against the constitutional power of
Congress over the subject, we should
expect to find some notice taken of it. iu
the debates.’
In looking over the “Annals,” we find
there was much contrariety evinced as to
the details of the Bill. The declaration
of Mr. Early, of Georgia, that “he be
lieved it to he the view of every member
of the committee, and of all parts of the
nation, to put an end to this traffic,” was
acquiesced in by all, the constitutional
power was never denied by any, and the
Bill as amended finally passed on yeas
113, nays 5.
In the many debates which have sub
sequently occurred ou kindred questions,
I know of no instance in which the objec
tion now made was urged. On the con
trary, frequent admissions of the power
are to be found, as may he seen in the
speeches of Pinkney and Barbour on the
Aiissouri question in 1819 and 1820.
AA’hen we add to all this the decisions
of the Supreme Court of the United
States, we have an array of authority, as
well as of reason, that ought to put this
matter beyopd the reach of cavil.
By the act of 15th May, 1820, a citizen
of a ship’s crew who shall land on any
foreign shore and seize any negro with
intent to make him a slave, or shftll decoy,
or forcibly bring or carry, or shall receive
such negro ou board with said intent, is
adjudged a pirate, and death is the penalty.
It has been contended that while Con
gress might constitutionally designate the
offence a “ high misdemeanor,” and pun
ish it by fine and imprisonment, it has
not the power to declare the act “piracy,”
and punish it accordingly.
If it possess power over the offence at
all,, it is difficult to conceive where is the
limitation, except in its own discretion.
If it may impose imprisonment for life,
it must also have the same power, in the
absence of constitutional restriction, to
inflict the penalty of death. Again, if
the latter power exists, how can it be
said to be violated by the mere designa
tion of the act as piracy ? The powers of
Congress are substantive things, and can
not be varied by a mere word of descrip
tion. It cannot be, that it possesses a
power to inflict a certain penalty for a
given offence under one name, but cannot
inflict the same penalty for the same
offence when designated by another name.
I do not propose to advert to the
morality of this trade, as disconnected
from its illegality. AVhether malum in sc
or malum prohibitum, is of no consequence,
for I am considering the subject not as a
moralist, hut as a jurist. Neither is it
my object to inquire whether the penalty
of the act is properly proportioned to the
offence ; for this is to the law maker, and
not to the law expounder.
Adhering, then, to the question of
power, it appears to me that whenever
Congress is invested with authority to
prohibit a certain act, it may punish the
violator of that prohibition, without any
express grant for that purpose; for such
an authority would be implied. But the
Bth section of the Ist article expressly
confers the power “to make all laws
which shall be necessary and proper for
carrying into execution the foregoing
powers.”
On this reasoning, I think it is main
tainable that Congress would have had
the power to punish counterfeiters of the
coin or securities of the government, if
there hail been no such authority ex
pressly conferred.
Besides the counterfeiting of coin and
securities, there are only two other of
fences named in the Constitution : Trea
son, which the Constitution itself defines,
and leaves the punishment to Congress ;
and piracies and felonies on the high seas,
and offences against the laws of Nations,
which are left to Congress “ to define and
punish.” But it is very clear that these
enumerated offences bear no proportion,
numerically, to those not enumerated,
and which are within the admitted juris
diction of Congress. The act of 15th
April, 1790, provides penalties for mur
der, misprision of felony, manslaughter,
maiming, stealing or falsifying records,
larceny, perjury, bribery, obstruction of
process, rescue, violation of safe conduct,
kc., and this catalogue has been greatly
extended by subsequent enactments.
Buttesting the provision of the act of
1820 by the express grant of the Consti
tution, I cannot understand by what pro
cess of logic it can he maintained, that
the power to “ define and punish piracy”
does not fuliy cover it. I agree that the
slave trade is not piracy by the law of
Nations. But this does not prevent Con
gress from declaring it piracy according
to its own laws which operate on its own
citizens. The plain design of this grant
was to empower Congress to de
clare, or designate such acts as in their
discretion should constitute the crime.
If the grant had confined the power to
punishment alone, there would have been
some ground for the argument that the
penalty could only be affixed to piracy as
then known to the laws of Nations.
A provision similar to that of the act of
1820, is incorporated into that of the
British Parliament passed a few years
subsequently. But neither of these lias
any effect in changing the character or
definition of piracy under the law of
Nations. They constitute mere statutory
piracy; and the difference between tlie
two offences consists in this, that while
pirates by the law of Nations are regard
ed as the common enemy of mankind and
as the high seas are under the common
dominion of all States, they may be pun
ished by the laws of any jurisdiction,
while in the other case of a statutory pi
racy, they can only be punished by the
government whose, laws has been viola
ted.
It is again said that this statute is an
insult to the slaveholding States, and is
a virtual denunciation of the title by
which their property in slaves is he’d.
This argument confounds all distinction
between what is lawful and unlawful, and
proceeds upon the false assumption that
title to property acquired under legal
authority, must necessarily be questioned
by a subsequent enactment, which should
make further acquisition of such property
illegal In judging of the effect of a law
we look only to its terms, and not to the
opinions of -members who vote for it. It
is therefore of no consequence whether
many of those who sustained it believed
all holding of slaves to be immoral. AA’e
possess our slaves by virtue of the con
stitution and laws of the laud, and this is
the highest title by which property is
held. AA'e cannot then well afford to let
others enjoy their sentiments on this
subject, while they do not attempt to in
terfere practically with our rights of
property.
But tlie argument if it prove any thing
proves too much, for the denunciation
cannot consist in the severity of the pun
ishment, or in the mere designation of the
offence. If it have any existence it must
rest on the fact that the law makes the
trade an offence at all. It can make no
difference whether the violation of the
prohibition is a “ high misdemeanor” or
“ pfracy.” The argument therefore would
reach every statute passed upon the sub
jects just as completely as the act of 1820.
The Aiissouri Compromise act was justly
subject to this objection, and the South
demanded its repeal, yet it denounced no
penalty whatever.
It comes then to this, shall we demand
from Congress a repeal of its whole legis
lation upon this subject ? It is scarcely
necessary to discuss such a question, for
the assent of Congress cannot he ob
tained. But if it were attainable I would
not favor it. I believe the revival of the
trade would be the most fatal stab that
could be planted in the bosom of the
South. I do not believe the States, left
to separate aoiion, would off'ectually stop
the flood of barbarism, which aviricc
and cupidity would throw upon their
shores. lam therefore for maintaining the
power of prohibition, where the constitu
tion has placed it and where it can be
made most available. AVhether the penalty
of the act is too severe is a question of
legislative discretion, and a fair subject
of discussion. Certainly punishment
should never exceed in severity the exi
gency which alone justifies it.
These considerations lead me to regard
the present agitation in favor of the revi
val of the slave trade, as fruitful in noth
ing but mischief. Already the cry has
been raised of the “ rich against the
poor!” aery of fearful import in any
State, but most ominous wlfen heard in
the Southern States of this confederacy.
I regard it therefore as the highest
duty we owe to our section, that we
should close up our ranks by uniting our
people in the firm-maintenance of those
rights which the constitution protects,
and not to put at hazard what we have,
in seeking for what we have not.
P. PHILLIPS.
Betsy Balter's Boiniet,
The collection in the rooms of the
Rhode Island Society for the Encourage
ment of Domestic Industry has received
an interesting addition, a bonnet braided
by Airs. Betsey Baker, in exact imitation,
braid, shape and trimming, of the first
straw bonnet ever braided in this coun
try. Sixty-one years ago, when this
venerable lady was a blooming maiden,
she determined to have a straw bonnet.
Not knowing any other way*to get it than
to braid it herself, Aliss Betsey Alctcalf
—that was her maiden name—saw an im
ported Dunstable straw bonnet in Col.
AVhipple’s store, and being a true Yankee
girl, site set herself to work to imitate it.
The interesting memoir upon straw braid
ing, contributed by Judge Staples to the
last volume of the Transactions of tho
Domestic Society, shows how she succeed
ed. With no instruction, without the
opportunity of unbraiding a specimen of
the work to see how it was done, she per
severed till she made a bonnet that was
the envy of the other girls. Thence
sprung a business which to-day employs
ten thousand people, and turns out six
million bonnets and hats annually, in the
single State of Alassachusetts.
The public attention was first directed
to the subject and to the service which
one young lady’s ingenuity had rendered
to the country by the memoir of Judge
Staples, the Secretary of the Society.
Her portrait, painted by Lincoln, and
presented to the Society to Gov. Dyer,
hangs upon the wall of the Secretary’s
office. A few days since she presented
to the Society a sac simile of the first bon
net that she braided, and it will be pre
served as a memorial of a most interest
ing incident, connected with a large and
important branch of domestic production.
The bonnet, it may be supposed, differs
materially from those now in use. For
the information of our fair readers wc
may stale that the fashion in 1798 was
decidedly larger than the prevalent one
to-day, and that the new bonnet after the
old style of which we speak, would not
fail to create a sensation on AVestminster
street. If they doubt it let one of them
try it. AYe dare say it might he borrowed
for the experiment.— Providence Journal.
Important Invention.
Mr. John Alason, proprietor of the Eu
reka Brewery, has invented a machine
which promises to make an important
change in the art of putting up beer, ale,
porter, cider, etc., etc. The invention
consists of a machine by which carbonic
acid gas is forced into kegs of from one to
five gallons capacity, after being filled
with malt liquor, by which the ferment
ing quality is conveyed to it, without the
usual process of fermenting in the larger
vats. The ale is first allowed to ferment
entirely in casks, until it becomes per
fectly fiat—the working qualities having
been allowed to flow freely out of the but
hole. AA'hen the fermentation has ceased,
the ale is run off into small kegs, and
then life is conveyed by charging it with
the gas. By this process, all the disa
greeable cathartic qualities of the ale are
avoided, as the liquor is run into the kegs
perfectly clear, owing to its having set
tled in the larger casks. This liveliness,
or foaming quality, contributed by the
gas, remains in the beer under all circum
stances, until the last of it has been drawn
off. Exposure to the air has no effect
upon it. The value of the discovery con
sists in the peculiar manner in which the
gas is forced into the kegs. A patent has
been applied for, and the ale thus charged
will shortly be in general use. Asa Cal
ifornia invention, it is worthy of particu
lar notice.— San Francisco Tunes.
“ Sermon on tlie Mount.”
The Rev. Mr. Hickerman, Lutheran, of
Abingdon, Va., on Sunday week, preach
ed a sermon from the summit of White
Top mountain. White Top is 6,000 feet
above the waves f the ocean, and being
near the spot where the States of North
Carolina, Tennessee and A'irginia corner,
and where the counties of Ashe, Johnson,
Grayson, Smyth and AYasliington, inter
sect—the audience went up from three
States and five counties, and yet few went
more thau half a dozeu miles from home.
M MBFl* is.
A Sermon of lire Revolution.
The following sermon was preached on
the eve of the battle of Brandy wine, Sep
tember 10, 1779, by llev. .Toab Trout,
before a large portion of the American
army, Gen. Washington, Gen. Wayne,
and other leading officers being present.
It is difficult to read its stirring words,
without feeling the blood tingling in
one’s veins:
Soldiers, I look around upon your fa
miliar faces with strange interest. To
morrow we will go forth to the battle;
for need I tell you that your unworthy
minister will arch with you, invoking
God's aid in the fight? We will march
forth to battle! Meed 1 exhort you to
fight the good fight; to fight for your
homesteads, for your wives an 1 children .’
My friends, I might urge you to fight
by the galling memories of British
wrong. Walton, 1 might toil you of your
father butchered in the silene*e of night
on the plains of Trenton : I might pic
ture bis grey hairs dabbled in blood; 1
might ring his death shriek in your ears !
Shelmire, 1 might tell you of a butch
ered mother; the Itfhelv farm house, the !
night, assault, the roof in tlames, the
shouts of the troopers as they despatched
their victims; the cries for mercy, the
pleadings of inuocer.ee for pity. 1 might |
paint all this again in the vivid colors of
the terrible reality, if 1 thought your
courage needed such wild excitement.
Rut I know you are strong in the might
of the Lord. You will march forth to
battle on the morrow with light hearts
and determined spirits, though the sol
emn duty, the duty of avenging the dead,
may rest heavy on your souls.
And in the hour of battle, when all
around the darkness is lit by the lurid
cannon glare and tlie piercing musket
flash, when the wounded strew the
ground and the dead litter your path,
then remember, soldiers, that God is with
you! The eternal God fights for you.
He rides on the battle-cloud ; ho sweeps
onward with the march of the hurricane
charge! God, the awful and the infinite,
fights for you, and will triumph ?
From Texas.
The Texas (Victoria) Advocate says
that rain has been general throughout the
country, and in a greater portion of the
State the erops arc in excellent condi
tion.
The Gonzales Enquirer gives cheering
reports in regard to the cotton crop in
that region.
The weekly review of the Houston j
Telegraph furnishes the following in re
gard to the promise of the coming liar- i
vest :
From the interior we everywhere hear
of timely rains and flourishing crops. In
all that part of the State below the lati
tude of 81 degrees cotton bolls well !
opened have begun to make their appear
ance, and we are now daily expecting to
hear of the arrival of the first bale of
new cotton in market. The cotton crop
promises to be magnificent, and unless j
the rains now falling should engender :
worms, there is no reason to doubt but j
the crop will be all the most sanguine !
can wish. The corn crop is enough for
all practical purposes, and we hear of no
part of the State where corn commands i
more than fifty cents, out of the new
crop. The sugar cane is also coming on !
elegantly, and correspondents in the su- i
gar region give us to infer that the crop
will be an abundant one.
The Houston Republic, of the 30thult.,
says :
The third section of the Texas Central
Railroad is completed. This takes up
seventy-five miles from Houston, and two
miles beyond the Navisoto river. Eight
miles on the fourth section is graded,
and by December, 18-39, ten miles of that
section will be in running order. This
will make eighty-five miles to Millikin’s,
finished by the end of this year.
What we Owe Al>roati.
“A Banker” writing in the New York ;
Courier, states that this country owes
Europe, on various accounts, not less than
four hundred and forty millions of dol
lars. This is not a mere conjecture of
the writer, but be gives the figures, for
the respective State and rail road corpo
rations ; and they have all the marks of j
being genuine and authentic.
The total debt of the States, according
to this writer, is two hundred and sixty
millions. Os this sum ninety-six millions
are held in Europe. The debt of Virgin
ia is put down at thirty-three millions, of
which twelve millions are estimated to be
held by European capitalists.
The total debt of our various rail road
corporations foots up the enormous sum
of one billion; fifty millions of this is
due abroad. Add to the State and Rail
road debt, held in Europe, other indebt
edness on account of City and County
Bank Bonds, Stock, See., and the aggre
gate amounts as above stated, to four
hundred and forty millions.
The writer further states that this is
the minimum estimate. Other estimates
make our indebtedness to Europe at six
hundred millions of dollars!
This is an immense sum. The interest
upon it, alone, at six per cent, amounts
to thirty-six millions of dollars a year.
Rater from Central America.
New York, August 1 1.—The steamship
North Star has arrived from Aspinwall,
with dates to the 3d instant.
A revolutionary movement had taken
place in Carthagena on the 23d ult. The
Liberals proclaimed against the govern
ment authorities, and appointed a provi
sional ruler.
The Isthmus news is unimportant.
Fire Sir Cincinnati.
Cincinnati, August 11. —To-day the
wholesale liquor store of S. Boyle Cos.
was partially burnt, as were also the
liquor store of S. 27. Pike, and thq coffee
warehouse of Cane, Breed & Cos. The
los3 is one hundred and seventy thousand
dollars, and the insurance sixty thousand
dollars.
Furtlier l>y tire Kova Scotian.
New'York, August B.— The English
and French press are endeavoring to re
store the entente cordial between the coun
tries.
England has offered to send a repre
sentative to the Zurich conference if
France would disarm.
France has agreed to a general disarm
ament on land and sea.
Forged. Cijecka Discovered.
St. Louis, August B.— Eighty thousand
dollars of forged government checks were
recently discovered at Camp Floyd, and
two persons have been arrested, charged
with the offence.
•>
Prof. Wise and iii Systematic Bal
looning.
Prof. V, ise left St. Louis in his balloon
Jupiter, accompanied by his son, on the
30th of July’, intending to land near La
fayette. The voyage ended about thirty
miles from St. Louis in consequence of a
rain, which soaked the net work of the
balloon and brought it down. The voy
agers reached Lafayette by railroad.
The Prof, is confident that if it had not
been for the rain he would have landed
near the point he had proposed to reach.
He expects to make another trip, starting
from Terre Haute, in a few days.
Kentucky.
Returns from sev?nty-seven counties
in this State gives McGoffin (Bern.) 8,573
majority. The twenty.eight counties yet
to be heard from, gave lievill, Democrat
ic candidate for Clerk of the Court of
Appeals, last year, 6,514 majority.
ARRIVAL.
OF THE TEAMEK
A 1 ? A P, I A .
Sackvillk, August 10. —Tin: Steamship
Arabia reached Halifax yesterday after
noon, and the news was immediately dis
patched by horse express to Sackvillc.
It reached (he latter point late in the
night,
Liverpool, July CO.—The sales of cot
ton for the week reached 62,000 bales.
Holders demand an advance of >d. Hold
ers offer their stocks freely, but- show no
disposition to press sales.
Breadstuffs and provisions closed dull
with a declining tendency.
At London, Consols were quoted at 93,
and the money market was repotted
slightly more stringent.
The sales in Liverpool to speculators
were -3,500 and to exporters S,OOO bales,
the sales on Friday, 29th July, were
8.000 bales, and the market closed steady
and firm at the following quotations:
Fair Orleans S' 4 ,t. j Muidl’g 0r1ean5.,.,7 lei
“ Mobile 7 „.i. •• M 11. V 1 id.
“ Uplands Thai. | “ Uplands ..Til.
Havre Cotton Market.—Orleans ti es
ordinaire quoted at 11 If.
The bullion in the Bank ol’ England
had decreased £236,000.
The Emperor Napoleon had declared
that the French army and Navy should
be restored to a peace looting without
the least possible delay. It was general
ly Regarded as a siucere and pacific policy
on the part of the Emperor.
The Zurich conference had net yet been
held.
The Eugiish Ministry had announced
that they would not accept an invitation
to the European Congress until the resujt
of the Zurich conference is made known.
Additional by tin- Arabia.
Ten Brocck’s horse won the Goodwood
stakes. The Goodwood cup was won by
Promised Land—Prioress standing third
on the list.
Thesteamsliips Yanderbilt, Bavaria and
City of Baltimore, bad arrived at Liver
pool.
The U. S. corvette Plymouth sailed for
Brest on Monday.
The debates in Parliament indicate a
determination, on the partof the Govern
ment, to prosecute tlio work in the na
tional defences.
The Sardinian plenipotentiary for Zur
ich had reached Paris.
Russell and Palmerston admitted that
the Parliament of England had acted as a
medium in conveying the terms of France
to Austria ; but without endorsing them.
The Moniteur’s announcement of the
disarmament of the troops caused the
Bourse to advance one centum; but sub
sequently this was partially lost, and it
closed at 68 45.
Liverpool Cotton Market. — The stock of
Cotton in Liverpool was 675,000 bales, of
which 607,500 were American.
State of Trade. —Manchester advices
were favorable, and all qualities of goods
had slightly advanced. Business very
buoyant and active.
The harvest prospects were favorable.
Liverpool General Markets — Flour was
very dull, and unchanged. Wheat dull,
at Tuesday’s improvement. Corn dull.
Provisions declining. Fugar quiet, but
firm. Coffee quiet. Rice steady. Rosin
dull, at 3s. Bd. a 3s. 9d.
London Money Market. —Consols were
uochangcd* and quoted at 94} a 95 for
money, and 95} a 95} for account.
Deatli in tile Pulpit.
The Morehouse (La.) Advocate relates
the following singular scene :
A most remarkable visitation of Divine
Providence occurred in the Methodist
Episcopal Church in this place, on Sun
day night last, that it ever has befallen
us to record. At an early hour the church
was crowded to hear the Rev. John B.
Spencer, deliver a sermon, and we, in
common with many of our citizens, Avcrc
an eye-witness to the scene we are about
to relate. After several appropriate hymns
had been sung, in which he led with a full
and melodious voice, heard above the con
gregation, all remained quiet as death,
anxious to see and hear the comparative
stranger and messenger of God. He
arose; apparently in full vigor of health,
with a calm and serene conntcuancc—
read a chapter in the Bible and gav r e out
his hymn, joining in the singing with the
same warmth and energy as before.-
Kneeling in prayer, the fervor of his
devout supplications moved many of his
hearers to tears, and seems ringing in
our ears even now, while we are attempt
ing to describe the scene. lie took his
text from Ist Corinthians, 3d chapter,
21st, 22d and 23d verses, which read as
follows : “Therefore, let no man glory in
men, for all things are yours, whether
Paul, or Appolos, or Cephas, or the world,
or life, or death, or things present, or
things to come, are all yours, and you are
Christ’s, and Christ is God’s.” After
explaining the circumstances under which
Paul wrote this portion of his letter to
the Corinthians, lie led off in a very clear,
forcible and impressive tone of voice to
unfold the beauties of his subject. Not
a stir from his attentive audience dis
turbed the pious man of God, who was
delivering an excellent and well-timed
discourse, which seemed to fascinate all
who were in the sound of his voice. He
proceeded in the same forcible style, until
he had finished about half of his dis
course, and was dwelling upon that por
tion of his text included in the words,
“or life or death,” when he suddenly
stopped, as if hesitating; attempting
again to proceed, lie could only, with fal
tering voice, repeat, “all are yours,” and
with an expression of joy, sank back
speechless in the pulpit. Restoratives
were used, but all seemed of no avail,
and he was borne from the church life
less, as it were, and expired in a few
hours.
♦
Nevj’ York Dry fcrootls—Advance in
Prices.
The New York correspondent of the
Philadelphia Inquirer writes:
The dry goods trade the past week ha
been quite active, and with the upward
and advancing tendency in the raw ma
terial prices are buoyant for all de
scriptions of cotton goods. The an
nouncement that peace had been estab
lished between France and Austria Lad
a tendency to advance prices on the
other side, which also had a beneficial
influence upon our market, and holders,
in view of the light stock here, generally
insisted upon lull, and in most cases
higher prices.
The fall season bids fair to be an active
and profitable one, as prices for most de
scriptions must soon show an advance,
as the supply of cotton goods here is very
limited, and manufacturers are busily en
gaged on contracts which will keep them
employed for at least three months to
come.
Brown sheetings are in demand at B.’ to
8} for heavy, and 71 to 7-j for light ditto.
In brown shirting a fair business is do
ing at 7] for light, and 7;} for heavy,
with a good export inquiry. Bleached
sheetings and shirtings have been active
at full prices, with large sales for export.
Drills are in good demand for shipment
to China, and with a reduced stock;
prices aVe firm at 8} to 9c. for bleached,
and 10} to 11} for blue. Cotton flannels
are in brisk demand at slightly higher
prices. Printed cloths are scarce and
firmer, with a good inquiry.
In all other descriptions of cotton goods
the market is firm, and prices generally
tend upward, with a good demand.
Voclen goods are in good supply, and
with a moderate inquiry prices remain
steady and unchanged. Cassimers and
satinets, however, have been sold at
slightly easier prices. In foreign goods
there-has been a fair business done, and
prices remain about the same, although
they are still higher than those ruling
last year this time.
♦
Dry Spell in Indiana.
The grass has become so dry in some
portions of Indiana that it catches fire
from the sparks of the locomotives. On
the Terre Haute road ditches been
cut neartbe track to check the flames
and prevent their consuming the ties of
the road. At several places on the Belle
tontaiue jroad the trains have been forced
to stop and extinguish the flames.