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About The weekly sun. (Columbus, Ga.) 1857-1873 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 20, 1859)
COIAJMBTJS: Tuesday Morning, Sept. 30,'1850. The Wire Grass Reporter says a revival lias beeu in progress in the Churches of Thomasville lor two weeks. Up to 1 hurs day last, the Baptist Church hud added 55 j to their number, and the Methodist 21— J in all 70. The Governor of Florida has issued his I proclamation directing Judges of Probate | in the several counties, to take the sense of the people on (he question whether West Florida shall or shall not be annex ed to Alabama. The magnetic telegraph lias been ex tended to Atchison, on the Missouri river. On the Pacific side it has reached Salt Lake City. There will probably, before very long, be a perfect conimunicationjty telegraph between the Atlantic and the Pacific. + A meeting was held at the Merchants and Mechanics’ Exchange in Norfolk on , the 14th, at which resolutions were j passed inviting the steamship Great East ern to visit that port. We hope that leviathan of the deep will test the relative capacity of harbors North and South be fore returning to Europe. * The Washington (States says a tele graphic dispatch was forwarded from that city the 7th inst., to Atchison, Kansas, going by express a distance of ten miles from Kansas city, and an answer return ed, in the unexampled space of four hours. This was rapid communication, consider ing the fact that the message had to be changed from sovcral lines, and expressed ten miles. The Alabama and Tennessee Ilivcr Rail Road having reached Talladega, the good people of that place are preparing to make it the occasion for a celebration. The military companies of Selma and Mont gomery have been invited to attend. AVe observe that anew military com pany, called the “Talladega Artillery,” was organized in that town on the* 7th inst., when Phid. Morgan was elected Captain. The foreign export of ice from the port of Boston, during tho month of August, was 10,511 tons. New Orleans took, of this, 2,750 tons ; Havana, 807 ; Baltimore, 895 : Australia, 787 : the remainder di vided in small quantities between the AVest Indies, Aspinwall, Mobile, Charles ton, Galveston and Savannah. The total export from Boston, for eight mouths, the period embracing the trade, was 95,839 | tons. The steamer Swan, says the Mobile Register, which went down to the lower bay on the 15th, lost eleven bales of cot ton by the accidental communication of fire from the furnace to the cotton. A sform was prevailing at the time. From the Mobile Evening News we learn that the steamer California, coming up tho bay from New Orleans, passed j twelve or fifteen bales of cotton on fire, which the rolling of the sea had in some instances quenched, while in others the staple was burning. Unfortunate Difficulty. x From a reliable gentleman, we regret exceedingly, to learn of an unfortunate and probably fatal difficulty, which oc curred on Saturday between two well known and highly respectable citizens of Barbour county, Ala. The parties are John F. Rivers and Leroy Upshaw, Esqrs. The latter was wounded by a pistol shot from the former, and we learn is in a dangerous situation. Blew Orleans Markets. Tho sales of cotton in New Orleans on the 14th, as reported in the Commercial Bulletin of tho 15th, amount to 2,800 bales ; the market opening buoyant with a fair inquiry, but closing heavy. The operations were restricted by th.e strin gent pretensions of factors, prices full— Middling at 11] cents. The sales of sugar 500 to 600 hlids., : fair to fully fair 5] to 40 bbls. choice, at 36c.; Flour confined to a few small lots, including 100 bbls. superfine, at $4 87?, ; Bacon, retailing ! at Bc. for Shoulder; 10] to 10? c. for Rib Sides, and 12c. for Clear. Country Exchanges. Our exchange list embraces a very val uable class of papers from all sections j nearly, of the Union. Among them are many published in places isolated from the great thorough-fares of travel, but which constitute nevertheless faithful re- j cords of events and occurrences around them. For this reason principally, we placo a high estimate upon them and al ways hail their appearance with pleasure. A majority of them are conducted with signal ability, and betray tact and ener gy in their management. Our only ob- ; jection to them is that they are slow in reaching us. AVill the Editors give them a gentle “ shove” as they start ? Her. BJ.L. DeVotie. The Selma Daily Courier says: AVe have been informed by a member, of the congregation, that the vacancy in the pulpit of the Baptist Church, caused by the resignation of Dr. Buck, has been filled by the call, and accept mce of the Rev. N. L. DeA T otie. Mr. DeA'otie is a graduate with first honors, from the Uni versity of Alabama. His theological train ing was received at Urinceton, where he also distinguished himself. Mr. D., is for his age an able and eloquent preach- , er, being about 23 years of age. lie was in our city a short time since, and many who listened to him, have spoken of him in the most commendatory terms. AVe think the congregation have ample cause for congratulating themselves, in secur ing the services of so able a minister. Opponent of Judge Dove. At a meeting of tho Opposition party of Thomas county, held Saturday, the 10th, Mr. Mclntyre was recommended as the Opposition candidate for Congress, in that District. The AVire Grass Reporter says he has accepted the invitatiou. At a meeting of the Opposition party at Thomasville, held the same day in the Court House, (we presume it was the same meeting that recommended Mcln tyre for Congress,) Henry Mitchel, Esq., was nominated for the Senate, and John M. Dyson, Esq., for the House. In Brooks county, a meeting of the Democracy, held at Quitman, the county site, nominated Shadrach Griffin for the Senate, and James Edmondson for the House The Boston Journal of the 13th records the suspension of the enterprising house of Philips, Sampson & Cos., which sus pended payment the Saturday preceding. Sonic time ago we noticed the death of Mr. Philips, one of the firm, and also the fact that they were the proprietors of the Atlantic Monthly, and had declined the manuscript of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin,” which was tendered them. The Courier states that the suspension grew out of unlortunate circumstances well known to the trade, which produce! a lack of confidence in the stability of the house. t. ‘ Relation of SoutUcrn Democrats to tlic Party. AA'e have been led into a reflection upon the above subject by reading the Albany Patriot’s account of C;>l. Potter’s speech at that place. Tho editor says his posi- most of them, were not antagonis tic to ihe Democracy, but as he is a “no party” candidate he cannot expect great favors of the people, for when that party fails of its object, a disruption (of the Union) must follow. In the Union, it is undeniable that there must be some dominant party, on which the South especially and the coun try must rely for safety and protection. The Democracy being and having been in power, it is right that it should be held to a strict accountability. In 1856 it rolled back the tide of Black Republicanism, but So ward and his coadjutors are mar shaling their forces for another onset. How shall their schemes be defeated and their plans frustrated ? The Democracy is the only party inexistence making any claim to nationality, and professing abili ty to cope with the most formidable ad versary of the South. True, there is a third party formed under the suggestive name of the Opposition, but Southern members of it reject the overtures of Botts and others, who are willing tc com bine all shades of the Opposition—Black Republicanism and all, to overthrow the Democracy. The Southern Opposition honor themselves in repudiating so dis graceful and dishonorable an affiliation. The Opposition make no claims or pre tensions to nationality’. Hitherto har mony of opinion upon the constitutional rights of the South have characterized the Democracy, but recent occurrences show that if the fate of the Union de pends upon the integrity of this party, it is rapidly verging to a disruption. That arch-demagogue Douglas, is conscious that he wields the balance of power, and he has unscrupulously used it to his own aggrandisement. AVe admire indepen dence of party, when it is based upon correct principles, but entertain con tempt for the pure selfishness which lays down an ultimatum and demands that former political associates shall come to it, though it be done with the sacrifice of a principle of vital interest to the South. For one we say let Douglas pro fit least by his treachery, and if need be, let the party be overthrown and over whelm him ia its ruins. Prominent men of the South, prompted by Selfish motives, ape endeavoring to prepare this section to embrace Douglas and his abominable her esies, scarcely less odious than the Alien and Sedition Laws. If the preservation of a national organization is more desira ble than the rights and honor of ‘he South, then it may be well to obey the bchests.of party leaders. Shall Douglas be gratified in his aspirations, or shall the rights of the South in tlie Territories be maintained? This is the question to be decided by Southern Democrats arrayed in opposition to the new fangied doctrine of non-intervention. They cannot recede from their high and proud position, with out dishonorable concessions and an in excusable surrender of Southern Rights. AVho, and what are mere politicians, elevated fortuitously to power, that they should attempt the destruction and reor ganization of parties by the inherent force of a strong will! Though the Ores tes and Pylades of Georgia and every State in ilie Union should denounce the war upon Douglas-as “ foolish,” and com mand a general rally to bis support, Southern Democrats should not abdicate their rights if tho consequence be even the downfall of the Democracy, and a re construction of parties in a Southern Confederacy. For once we desire to see Southern Rights men of all parlies at the South determine, and prove, that they will not be coerced into measures ad libitum. The Democratic Convention which as sembled at Syracuse the 15th nominated tho following ticket: Judge of the Court of Appeals.—Alex. S. Johnson. Secretary of State.—D. R. Floyd Jones. Comptroller.—S. E. Church. Attorney General.—Lyman Tremain. Canal Commissioner.—AV. J. Skinner, of Herkimer. State Treasurer.—lsaacY. Vanderpoel, of Erie. StateEngineer.--Van. Rensselaer Rich mond, of AVayne. State Prison Inspector.—M. S. Elder kin, of St. Lawrence. Clerk of the Court of Appeals.—John L. Lewis, Jr., of Yates. , The Wood Democratic Convention also assembled at Syracuse the 14th, and pass ed resolutions reiterating their attachment to the Constitution, and endorsing the doctrine of protection of persons and property in the Territories. The resolu tions were reported by Fernando AVood, and recommended the passage of the fol lowing with authority to the State Cen tral Committee to fill any vacancy caused by non- acceptance of any nomination made by the Convention : Resolved, That we unanimously nomi nate for Secretary of State, David R. Floyd Jones, of Queens ; for Comptroller Sanford E. Church, of Orleans ; for At torney General, Lyman Tremain, of Al bany ; for State Engineer, Van li. Rich mond, of AA'avne; for State Treasurer, Isaac Aanderpool of Erie; for Canal Commissioner, AVm. J. Skinner, of Her kimer ; for State Prison Inspector, Noble S. Elderkin, of St. Lawrence; for Judge of the Court of Appeals, Alex. S. John son, of Albany ; for Clerk of the Court of Appeals, Edward Simpson, of New York. The Massachusetts Democratic Conven tion assembled at AA’orchester the 15th, to nominate a State ticket for the ensuing year. The following ticket was nomina ted : Governor, Benjamin F. Butler, of Low ell ; Lieut. Governor, S. C. Bemis, of Springfield ; Secretary of State, Samuel AV. Bowen of Adams; Treasurer, Gen. Demarest of ; Auditor, James E. Esterbrook, of AAorebester ; Attorney General. D. IE Mason, of Dedham. The Convention was quite harmonious. Hon. B. F. Hallett of Boston made a speech, and resolutions were passed en dorsing the doctrine of popular Sover eignty as understood by Douglas. Caleb Cashing, Isaac Davis, Oliver Stevens and J. S. AVhitney were elected by ballot as delegates to the Charleston Convention. It is said they will support the nomina tion of Douglas. Grata Trade at Chicago, The receipts of grain at Chicago on the 9th were 155,257 bushels, of which 133,- 683 were wheat, (including flour.) The shipments were 192,443 bushels, of which 119,856 were wheat, (including flour.) The sales of wheat reached, if they did not exceed, G 5,000 bushels, at $1 for No. 1 white winter, 90 cents for red winter, 71 to 71] for do. spring, in store, and 70 cents for No. 2 spring. Corn was quiet, and 30,000 bushels sold, at 611 to 63 cts. The Times gives the following table, showing the amount o grain and flour in store now, and at this time last year : 1859. 1858. Flour, bbls 5,483 5,240 AVheot, bus 326,900 926,296 Corn, bus 143,195 437,919 Gats, bus 41,425 281,659 Barley, bys 19,748 18,327 Tlie Louisiana Colored Law Con tested. The True Della, of the 13th, notices the filing of a petition in the Sixth Dis trict Court, by two colored seamen of the ship Elizabeth Hamilton for a writ of hale:: corpus to release them from prison, where they were confined in accordance with the late lav/ passed by the Legisla ture relating to free negroes arriving in that State from other States and foreign countries. The allegations in their peti tion were that they were shipped in New York for New Orleans, that according to the terms of their engagement their whole time was to be given to.duties on ship board; that on their arrival they were imprisoned without a warrant from any Court, and in violation of the constitu tional law and treaties of the Unite! States The case came up before Judge How ell. who, after bearing ail the arguments of connsil, decided that the law was con stitutional’; that the Stale, under her constitution, bad the right to protect her self from free negroes, and to prevent their communication with the slave population. The California Overland Mail. The AVasliington correspondent of the New York Journal of Commerce, in a letter on the postal service of the United States, makes the following appropriate and just remarks concerning the over land mail to California: The Overland Mail to California is a heavy burden upon tho Department, and is of little or no value to the public. This service will, under the existing contract, cost the United States three millions and a half of dollars, over and above all re ceipts from it. The postages will not amount to over fifteen thousand dollars a year, and the contract was for six years. Over three millions of dollars will thus be thrown away, instead of being, as it might be, appropriated to the enlarge ment or improvement of postal facilities in the country, and affording a daily mail on routes where it is now tri-weekly, and expediting the mail on the great central routes. This contract, as ordered by Congress, is so well guarded on the side of the interests of -the contractors, that the government cannot modify nor cancel it, nor can Congress do it without rendering the government liable for indemnity to an amount almost equal to the sum in volved in the contract itself. An article appeared in the Mobile Mer cury, a short time ago, which claimed for Mr. Thomas Eastin, the credit of starting the first paper in the territory now com posing the State of Alabama. It was es tablished at St. Stephens, then a town on the AVest bank of the Tornbeckbee river, about 100 miles above Mobile, and the territorial Scat of Government. A cor respondent of the Nashville Union takes issue with the Mercury, and says the first paper in the Alabama territory was estab lished in Huntsville in the year 1812, by a Air. Parham, and was called the Madi son Gazette, in which, the writer well re i members, was published the declaration of war between Great Britain and tlie United States. Review of Douglas’ Essay. The AVasliington Constitution, of the 10th, says Mr. McGill, of that city, will soon issue in pamphlet form a review of Senator Douglas’ essay on the powers of the Territorial legislatures. The sophistry of his theory is patent, and carries its own lefutation with it. His supporters, how ever, have been attracted less by the plausibility of his arguments, than by the desire to preserve the “harmony of the party.” B. M. DcWitt, Esq. The last number of the Virginia Index ; received, contains the announcement that Messrs. Ellis and Goode have disposed of their entire interests in that paper to B. j M. DeAVitt, Esq., who now assumes the responsibilities of sole editor and proprie | tor. AA r e hope the Index, as we doubt not, will continue to warrant the confi dence which induced Air. Dewitt to be come sole proprietor. The United States Economist, in speak ing of the cottou crop, says that the pros pects are very favorable, and that it is not impossible that the exports of the coming year may be pushed to three and a quarter millions, at a price equal to that of 1858, say, average Sj>Gs per bale, which would give an export value of two hundred and ten millions of dollars, and impart to the Southern section of the ; country a greater degree of prosperity than ever yet fell to its lot. The inspections of tobacco in Virginia, from the Ist of October, 1858, to Ist of September, 1859, amount to 04,654 hhds. There was a decrease of the inspections of 2,378 hhds. less than the previous year. AVith this falling off in the whole State, there was an increase in the in : spectious in Petersburg of 1,142 hhds. The growing crop of tobacco is represent ed to be an exceedingly heavy 6ne, and i of an excellent quality. The Secretary of the National Agricul tural Society, in a circular, says the pros pects of the seventh annual exhibition are excellent. There have been more entries of 3tock and implements than at any pre vious exhibition, and numerous special premiums have been offered by citizens of Chicago, in addition to the premium list of $20,000. The Caddo (La.) Gazette, says the re ceipts of cotton at Shrieveport at the dif ferent warehouses, from Ist September, ; 1858, to Ist September, 1859, were 70,- 673 bales, which with the number re ceived at Alexander’s, and the number reshipped makes the total receipts 87,- 873. _ Mr. Kendall, writing from bis sheep farm near New Braunfels, in Texas, un der date of 20th of August, says he weaned 1400 lambs in one day, of the average age of four months. His success has more than exceeded his expectations. The election in Alaine took place on the 12th inst. A Governor and members of the Legislature were to be elected. The Re publican candidate for Governor was Lot AI. Alorrill, and the Democratic candidate Menasseh 11. Smith, who has run on the Democratic ticket for the past two years. Mr. E. B. Barham, charged with the kiihug of James Keeton, ia Columbus, Alississippi, on the 30th ult., had his trial before the committing Magistrate last week, and was discharged. The Picayune Yecords the receipts of specie at New Orleans the 13th, from Brazos Santiago and A era Cruz, were $457,820. The receipts of cotton, says the Pica yune of the 13th, since our last edition, were from the different sources 12,418 bales. . The city of Aberdeen, Miss., has sub scribed for three thousand shares of stock in the New Orleans and Jackson Rail Road, at twenty-five dollars per share. The census of Jackson county, pub lished in the Athens Banner, makes the total population 10,540. The Express from Denver City, arrived at Leavenworth Sept. 13tb, with SB,OOO, from the Kansas Gold Mines. “Beulan.” Mr. J. W. Pease has favored us with a copy of the above work, wiiich lias been the subject of much praise by the news paper correspondent*. It constitutes the second contribution of Aliss Augusta J. Evans, of Mobile, Ala , to the literature oft.be South, and is founded upon a ro mance of Alabama. Her first effort in the field of authorship was “Inez,” a novel, founded upon life in San Antonio, Texas, which gave great promise of future celebrity. Although much has been writ ten about Aliss Evans’ forthcoming work, . and public expectation has been raised to a very high pitch; yet her taleDt and promise warrant the belief, that for one so youDg, her second work will prove to be all that has been claimed for it. Another consideration that will espec ially excite in Columbus an anxiety to read it, is that she is well known in many of its social circles. The following is the dedication: “To my Aunt, Airs Seaborn Jones, of Georgia, 1 dedicate this Book, as a feeble tribute of affection and gratitude.” Crops of Txas. The receipts of cotton at Galveston for the last year have already been stated at 150,016 bales. The exports of cotton from Texas for the year amounted to 192,300 biles. In 1818 the cottou crop of the State amounted to 39,774 bales ; in 1559 to 192,002 bales, showing an in crease of 52,G62 bales. The total exports from Galveston for the year are valued at $9,000,000. The number of vessels that arrived at that port is 495, showing a large increase over the arrivals of the previous year. The Galveston News says fair crops of corn and small grain have been secured, but cotton has been cut short in many places, aud sugar cane is suffering from want of moisture. Notwithstanding the increase of cultivation the crops of cot ton aud sugar will not be larger than those of last year, unless favored for the balance of the season with the most pro pitious weather. First Receipt in Klclunoul of Coi tem from Alnbamn On Monday last, says the Richmond Dispatch of the 14th, E. li. Bentley, Esq., 4>f that city, received five bales of cotton freighted from Huntsville, Ala., to Lynchburg by the line of rail roads, and thence to Richmond by canal. Mr. Bentley had aidressed circulars to a number of planters in North Alabama and Alississippi inviting shipments of cotton to Richmond by way of the inland route, and these five bales were the first response to the invitation. He has been actively engaged for twenty years in the cotton trade, and has looked forwar ! to the time when a direct communication with the south west by rail road would open anew channel for supplies to the Richmond market, hitherto derived prin cipally from the products of North Caro lina, and, when this was exhausted, from Use markets of Charleston, Savannah, Mobile and New Orleans. Abated. A city cotemporary the other day call ed attention to a house of ill-fame kept on one of our principal thoroughfares. AVe are glad to learn tnat the glaring nuisance was “abated” a night or two since, and that the cyprians have gone to other quarters—have emigrated. Decidedly “ a good lick,” if true. The above we clip from a Aloutgomery paper of the 18th. AVe are inclined to believe the cyprians aforesaid did emi gra e as we heard of the arrival Satur day morning of a score of these femmes dupave, but we supposed they “scatter ed” generally, else the public may look out for the abatement of another nuis ance. At the last session of the Georgia Legislature, we think a law was passed authorizing the City Authorities to re move such establishments without the corporate limits of this city when they get troublesome. •- # Col. A. A. Gaulding. The Augusta Dispatch of the 16th con tains the startling announcement that Col. Gaulding, editor of the Atlanta In telligencer, and an ultra Brown man, had gone over to Aiken—in South Carolina, and was united in marriage on the even ing of the 14th to Airs. Sarah G. Blue of that place. AA’e congratulate both Gov. Brown and Col. Gaulding; the one upon the good fortune which will give a zest to his editorial duties, and the other upon the fact that the apostasy was only matri monial in its nature. Flush Times. In the Marietta Advocate of the IGth appears a letter from John P. Boring, dated the 20th ult., at Rocky Mountains. A few of the prices current at the Gold Mines are as follows : Flour S2O; Bacon S3O per hundred ; Coffee 30 to 35 cents ; Molasses $4 per gallon ; Itum $4 per gal lon. The writer says they are working what is called Russell’s branch, which is worked principally by Georgians, most of whom are doing weli. Some make $5 to $lO per day to the hand, while others make $25 to S4O per day. Sew Orleans Market. The Commercial Bulletin, of the 14th, reports sales of 5,500 bales of cotton up to that date, without any material change j in prices. The receipts since the 9th inst comprise 14,080 bales, against 10,400 during the corresponding period last year. The quotations are 101 to lOfc. for Low Middling, (new :) II to ll]c. for Mid dliug, (new;) 11.} to life. for Good Mid dling, (new ;) 12 to 12jc. for Middling Fair, (new.) Maine State Election. The returns so far, from the elections in( Maine are, of course, decidedly in favor of the re-election of Let M. Morrill, the Republican candidate. His majority, so far, is 0,832, against 5,484 in the same towns last year, showing a Republican gain of 1,348. It is supposed Morrill's entire majority will be about 10,000 votes. The Legisla ture will be largely Republican. The Mobile prices current say the cotton crop of South Alabama for the last year was 704,404 bales, an increase of 181,340 over the previous year. The bales averaged 520} pounds, the price 5>58 91 or 11 82-100 cts. This would make the value of the cotton crop of South Alabama for the past year to be $41,496,439. The total receipts at Mo bile were 691,724 bales, an increase of 168,346 over the previous year. lwo hundred and fifty-nine bales of cotton were received at the warehouse of John V. Price, Americus, for the week ending Sept. 14th. For the same time last year six hundred and seventy-two bales were received. ♦ The Mobile Register says $12,000 worth of stock was taken in the Mobile and Spring Hill Rail Road, in that city, the 13th. $53,000 worth still remain to be taken, for which purpose books of sub scription will continue open. At the trade sales of books in New York last week. Savannah, Cincinnati and Montgomery are reported the largest purchasers by the New York papers. Fashionable Ladies. BT JjUS STAIXEACK WILSON, M. P. This is a large mass that suffer only no less from confinement and want oi ex ercise than the toiling slaves ot necessi ty, while they have nothing to plead in extenuation cf tLeir disregard of one ot the first great laws ot health, most ot them cho sing the way ot death, and be coming tcilliio/, self-ojfered victims. 1 e.ese j fashionable offshoots ot modern society, these “nice” young ladies, consider it vulgar to appear abroad on foot, and they would ride in a carriage to the kitchen, if they ever had occasion to go there : they spend their days in lounging on sofas or beds, in rooms from which the j bright sunlight and the pure air are ex cluded, with as much pertinacity as a poor relation or one of the “lower class,” who docs affect gentility and aristocracy. And can such deluded creatures as these expect to enjoy health ? How can they expect anything but contracted chests, crooked spines, round shoulders, con sumption, physical and mental imbecili- \ ty, and an early grave? And, alas, with many the delusion, if it may lie called a delusion, is wilful. As strange as it may* appear, they are not entirely ignorant; many of them are educated, ami, though their reading is confined mostly to the last new novel, they know something of the laws of health. They know, at any rate, that air was made to breathe, and that the absence of pure, fresh air makes them feel very bad. But then they do Dot want to be stout and hearty ! These are marks Gs plebianism aud rusticity: they are the characteristics of “common people”—“country girls,” who roam about the fields and even condescend to engage in the vulgar and uagenteel em ployments of domestic life, ail of which is decidedly unbecoming and unfashiona ble, for it is fashionable to be sick. Lil lies are preferred to roses ; the pale cheek and languishing air are so much more “interesting.” according to modern no tions, than the ruddy complexion and the free, elastic step. AVeli may we say, in the face of such folly and perversity as this,“that these cases are almost hopeless! for we hardly know how to address those who thus wilfully violate the laws of their being—who sin against themselves and their God, and barter the most precious treasure of life for trifles lighter than air ! Oh, that the republican women of Ameri ca would cease all affectation of aristoc racy, and especially that kind of aristoc racy, or gentility, or, rather sinful foolery, which sneers at useful labor, and consid , ers blooming health ait evidence of vul garity ! Columbus, (la. Peabosly on Guauc. Ul'SSli.i, Cuniy, Ala., Sept. 19th, 1859. Messrs. Gunby & Co.— Gents: —You ; ask ray opinion of the merits of the Amcr- > ican Guano as a fertilizer. I have the past season; used four qualities of Guano in the culture of ray prolific corn, and to test their fertilizing qualities fully, adopted the follow.ng plan :In January] I broke up the ground: in Febuary I broke it up again ; the last of March I subsoiled ; it, the.u checked it off with a scooter plow, j four feet by five. The land is thin, san dy, piney woods lapd. In this check I deposited the Guano and covered it with earth, over it I dropped the seed corn, and covered lightly. On the first acre I used the American Guano, the second the Genuine Peruvian, an t the third Reese’s Manipulated, at the rate of about one hun dred and eighty pounds to the acre of each kind. The yield on all three of these i acres is superb, and it is hard to tell without actual measurement which is the greatest. Many intelligent gentlemen have pronounced the acre manured with American Guano to be the best of the three, and I am inclined to this opinion. It will make at least one hundred bushels of shelled corn to the acre. The American j Guano seems to lack ammonia, but I think it mast more than make up for it, in its phosphates, ar.d from this fact it will prove more durable and lasting than the more volatile Peruvian. I send you with this a stalk of corn, manured with the ( American Guano, that you may judge yourself of its merits. It. is true, it is not all owing to the fertilizing qualities of the Guano, as the corn is my prolific variety. But, when you bear in mind, that no grain crop can be produced in abundance from a soil without its food, the Amerioan Guano must take a large share of the glory of this yield. Very respectfully yours. CHARLES A PEABODY. Gold and Silver and Free Trade, It is now ten years since the discovery of gold in California and eight years since the gold mines of Australia were first developed. Since those periods the amount of gold : produced by both countries may be esti mated at over eight hundred and fifty eight millions of dollars, viz : Year California. Australia. Total. 1849 $ 5 413 000 $ 5.413,000 1850 30,443,000 30,443,000 I 1851 46,840X00 46,840.000 j 1852 51,244 000 $74 300.000 125 544,000 1853 53.130,000 57,900,000 111035,000 : 1854 50.023,000 43,800,000 93.8z3,000 1855 48,557 000 59.200,(00 107.957 000: 1856 53.655 000 70.600,000 124.285,000 j 1857 54.436,000 52,100,000 100 536,000 ! 1858 54,224,000 53,022,000 107,246,000 T0ta1...5445,000,000 $410,922,000 $558,922,000 We add ten per cent, to the export of California to the end oflB5G, and twenty per cent, for the years 1857-58 to indicate the productions. Notwithstanding this enormous accu mulation of gold within so short a period, j the policy of our Government and of the States has caused an exhaustion of at least two thirds, the actual foreign ex port, beyond import, having been in ten years $305,000,000, when a due regard to the great interests of the country would have led to the retention of at least one-half of this vast capjial within our own limits. Capital is the essential element in the support of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, yet every successive year witnesses the outlay of fifty or eighty millions of dollars in the support of for eign labor instead of permanent encour agement of domestic industry.— N. Y. Courier. Important Discovery. The Liverpool Tost speaks of a recent discovery, by Mr. Napier, of Glasgow, by which the consumption of fuel in steamships is greatly economized: It has been tried in several ocean steamers, and with success. The saving is one-third in the quantity of coal used; and, avoiding technicalties, the fact will be best understood when we say that on a voyage to the West Indies and back the saving would be between £1,500 and £2,000. Used by all the West India mail boats, the annual cost would be abridged by a very large sum. The saving of cost in coal is only one of many advantages. At present coals are a bulky and a heavy article. They occupy considerable space in a vessel, and for a voyage to Australia, for in stance, they can hardly be carried at all. Reduce the quantity by one-third, say 8,000 tons to 2,000 tons, and the voyage may be commenced in perfect confidence that the ves*sel can steam all the way. This will be an immense advantage; and, fortunately for the Great Eastern, she appears cotemporary with the discovery She can now be sailed cheaply, and as she i3 certain to sail well, her success is no longer problematical. Crops in Arkansas. The Little Rock Gazette says that not withstanding the frequent rains in vari ous sections of the State, up to this time the prospects of the cotton interest were never better, and tl'at if the balance of the season should be fair, an extraordi nary amount of cotton would be gath ered. The corn crop is made beyond perad venture, and is considered much the best, as it greatly exceeds in quantity any crop ever made in the State. The Louisville Courier says, the death of Robert Wickliffe will render necessary the return of Col. Preston, now at the Court of Madrid. The estate of Mr. Wickliffe is enormous, and Mrs. Preston, the wife of our Minister, is one of the three heirs who inherit the whole. The share of Mrs. Preston added to the pres ent fortune of her husband, will make Col. Preston one of the richest men of the age. From Washington. Washington, -Sept. 16 -—The late Con vention between Great Britain anti tire Republic of Guataiaala lias not excited a renewal of angry controversy between this country and Great Britain, as was recent ly predicted by an Engiish press. On the contrary, both governments arc still animated by tho lioj ? that ttieir Cential American differences w ill be happily ad justed. The largest part of the llaltse ha ; t nerd been the subject of actual survey, as was otlicially declared by Lord Grey i:> 18 and the above mentioned Convention, it is said, merely definitely fixes its terri torial limits, which act was intended by Guatamala as a barrier to British en croachrnents on its soil. 1 his arrange ment is claimed to be in accordance with the Dallas-Clarendon treaty ; a clause of which, to this effect, substantially con senting to such an arrangement, having been ratified by the United States Senate, while the treaty itself was defeated by , that body, owing to a clause therein of an anti-slavery character. The other points proposed to Vie settled i in the same treaty, namely: with regard _ to the Island of Ruatan, and the surren der-of the Mosquito protectorate to Nica ragua, will be placed in charge of Mr. | Wyke, the new British Minister, and it is thought that these questions will be adjusted by him to the satisfaction of all parties concerned; Great Britain has undertaken to remove the obstructions to j the full force of the ('layton-Bulwer treaty. If any dissatisfaction exists, it is be cause Great Britain ins first settled the point which is of the most importance to her; but this may be the result of acci- | dent, Sir William Gore Ousley having ! previously sought to surrender the Mus quito protectorate to Nicaragua, but in terms unsatisfactory to that Republic. What he has failed to do, it is confidently expected his successor, Mr. Wyke, will accomplish. Such is believed to be the condition of | affairs according to information derived from intelligent sources. At all,events, if there is any unintentional errors-in the above brief exposition, they do not mate- . riallv affect the facts recited in connec lion with this subject. For the Daily fun. The Use of the Press. The press is a potent instrument for good or evil, in proportion as it is used or abused. That it exerts a powerful in fluence for evil where it is perverted from its proper use, is manifest to all. lienee it should be the aim ofthqse who control it to direct i;s influence into the right channel, that good, and not evil, may be dope. I trust, the following suggestions will not be deemed out of place: We should consider well what the*press is designed to accomplish, and should use it in the way that its proper influence may be exerted upon the readers of all productions issuing from it. Let it be remembered that a constant reader of a book or newspaper will be sure to imbibe the spirit and embrace the principles It contains, to some extent. This remark will he found to be true in the majority of cases. For example : if the hopk or paper is strongly partisan, its readers are almost sure to be so too. If it is conserv ative, they are conservative. If it is light and trashy, to some extent their minds will be so too. If it is grave and digniSied, abounding in knowledge and virtue, so far as it can mould the charac ter of readers, they will be possessed of similar traits of character. If these remarks are true, the sugges tion commends itself to publishers, to be careful in the selection of matter with which to fill their issues, that a correct bias may he given to human character. And it likewise commends itself to read ers, that they may give their time to read ing only such productions as are calcu lated to enrich the mind, without leaving a hurtful impression upon it Tha sug gestion commends itself especially to par ents and others who furnish reading mat ter for children, because children are more apt to partake of the spirit, and to embrace the sentiments of writers, than older persons are. I would have these books and papers rejected entirely, that abound with un dignified articles, and that are used as organs of low and immoral persons, who indulge in their writings, in debasing personalities and in the advocacy of hurt ful sentiments. * And I would have those liberally patronized which are suited to the cultivation of knowledge and virtue. LACON. Deatli of Leigh Hunt. Among the items of news received by the Anglo-Saxon, which arrived at Que bec on the 12th, is the death of Leigh Hunt, the poet and essayist, of England, in his 75th year. lie was born in South gate, England, on the 19th of October, 1784. His father, who was a warm loy alist, having fled from Pennsylvania to his native land, when (he revolutionary war broke out in the United States. He commenced his career as a tutor, but in 1808 changed it for that of an editor, and started the London Examiner in conjunc tion with his brother. The independent spirit of his writings, not then tolerated by the English Court, soon got him into trouble. For an obnoxious article on mil itary flogging, he was arraigned; and it was at this trial that the famous Lord Brougham first came into notice as the counsel for the defense. The jury ren dered the verdict of “ not guilty.” on the ground that an Englishman had a right to free expression of his cpinions. With another jury, however, he did not fare so well. The Morning Post had, with the fulsome adulation characteristic of the Court, termed the Prince Regent an “ Adonis,” and to this Leigh Hunt added “of fifty.” The Prince could not brook this wound to bis vanity, and a prose cution was instituted, resulting in the conviction of Hunt and bis brother John, and their sentence to two years’ im prisonment and a fine of £2,000 each. Roth brothers steadily refused all offers of remission of punishment should they desist in their attack. After his libera tion, Leigh Hunt published his “Story of Rimini,” and again started a weekly literary paper. In 1822 he went to Italy to reside with Lord Byron ; but the association was un satisfactory, and hi3 disappointment was afterwards expressed in a work called “Lord Byron and some of his Cotempora ries.” Age had not brought cessation from labor, for the daily press of recent date has teemed with the touching lines of the old poet, and in his death we see extinguished a literary light whose bright rays were gazed upon by the eyes of two generations before us. —Richmond Dispatch. Sensation. The reading public should be guarded against placing any reliance on the silly rumors of slavers being fitted out in sev eral harbors of the Union, which the Blaek “Republican” press is just now so industriously disseminating. An Aboli tion cotemporary of this city has followed the example set. by “Oppoeition”journals in Salem, Portland and other seaports, and is trying energetically lo attract suspicions to an unpretending little steamer being constructed by Mr. Steers of this city, implying that her destina tion, when finished, is to be the Congo River, whence she will embark negroes” to be converted to Christianity in Flori da.” The Salem and Portland sensations of this stamp have turned out pure romance, and the New York hoax may be classed in the same category. Beware of these squibs, which are mainly intended to raise side issues of a political nature. Their writers do not believe a word of them, and the people should trea’t them with couternpt.— N. Y. Daily Meus. Cotton Prospects. Tht Apalachicola Advertiser of the 14th inst., says: We are sorry to learn from a reliable source that the cotton crop of West Flori da, from rust, rot and catterpiller, that have all made their appearance during the last three weeks, must fail off full one half if not more than what was an ticipated by the planter. We are also, in receipt of like gloomy news from por tions of Alabama. Where is the four , millions of bales to come from ? Crop* ? Mississippi. The Git arks ton Taibibatcbian, of the 10th iust., has some unfavorable accounts from the crops in that quarter, inc ooi worm and the ru.-t Lave reappeared m the fields. Tire Columbus Democrat, ol the same dale, sa n> : t The o'oton cm to r!.:••■ .lid Oktibbeha Counties. S” 1.-if .:s wo h :\ o* Leon able to le.ifii. \v,il be a vc-v Urge one; and ac counts tr'iii s'! seen n- >1 the State arc t‘i lire same IL • t Tire Wilku.s n Gazette < f the 10th, says: Three floods and two droughts have cut off crops of cotton in this country, we think, at least twenty or twenty five per cent, short of the promise of August Ist. The complaint of injury is very general. In some parts of the country the greasy rot has appeared, aud all planters know what that can do. The rust is also very prevalent, and it is doing immense dam age. Reports from various parts of this State. Louisiana and Alabama, to Jt lie sague effect, we find in our papers. The four and a half million figures will have to be changed. The Southern Herald, (Holly Springs,) of the 10th says: We have made it our especial business for the last few days to converse with ail the planters we have seen, not only from Marshall, but from the surrounding counties, and we regret to state that all give the most discouraging accounts of the present prospect of the crop. Until within the past two weeks there never had been so flattering a prospect for a large cotton crop ; but since that time the rust, the boll worm and various other causes seem to have combined to serious ly injury, if not destroy it. The farmers have all informed us that they do not believe now from present prospects, that the crop will begin to be an average one, and if there is much rainy weather this fall, it will not equal the crop of last year. A letter from Tchula, Miss., in toe same paper says; The cotton crop in this section will turn out only a common average crop. The prospect in July was flue, but, throughout August nearly all the young bolls dropped off; aud if by chance any held on, they had to yield to the boll worm and rust. Experience of many years confirms me in the doctrine of making our food supply fully, and then do what we can in cotton, as it is subject to many mishaps. A variety of crops rarely all fail the same season. The reader of these reports will see the daguerreotypes of the changing weather of the season upon the cotton crop and will find proof of the want of wisdom in making estimates before the incoming of October or even later. The report finds currency in many journals that Mr. John Mitchell, late edi tor of the Southern Citizen, has gone to Africa for slaves. This is, of course, in correct and preposterous. He possesses none of the qualifications for the trade. A rumor prevails, in well informed cir cles here, with more of plausibility to sustain it, that his real object in going to France is at the instigation of leading members of the slave trade party, to in duce the Emperor Napoleon 111 to relax his opposition to the trade under the French flag, if not to legalize it. That there is any foundation for this in sober reality, we, of course, do not know’, and we should consider the chances for suc cess in such a mission the very poor est. Charleston Mercury. gelling a Colored Person in Illinois. Recently, a free colored man, named George Bowlin, was put up on the block at Carrolton, Greene county, Illinois, and sold to the highest bidder. Ills offence was a violation of the law which prohibits the immigration of colored persons into the State. Having been tried and found guilty, he was fined $63, and not being able to pay the money, he was sold to Mr. Felix Morton for sixteen months. It does not appear, says the Cincinnati Gazette, that this little affair in human flesh creat ed any convulsive excitement among th philanthropists of that State. Plaiia Talk. Mr. Broderick, in a speech at Quincy, said Senator Gwin was the paid agent of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company. In j reply, Senator Gwin said at Shasta: “I shall speak plainly in regard to this statement of Broderick’s. I say it is false, and that he, in uttering : t, is a calumniator and a slanderer, and I intend to fasten these charges to his brazen 1 front with hooks of steel, and they shall | stay there forever. [Applause.] That is language that a gentleman will under stand. Ido not know whether Broderick will or not. [Voice —“Good.” • Arrival of tJie Overland Mail Sr. Louis, Sept. 15.—The overland ! mail arrived here to-day, with San Fran cisco dates to the 22d of August. L At San Francisco business was un changed. The weather has been favorable for mining. The Indians were still lurking about Los Angelos. Union of Telegraph Companies. New York. Sept. 15.—1 tis understood here that the American Seaboard and Western Telegraph Companies, patentees, have at last agreed upon a basis for their consolidation. Items from the Albany Patriot. Tallahassee “Shin Plasters” and the Southern Bank of Georgia. —We have been shown a to dollar bill on the “Southern Bank of Georgia,” at Bain bridge. We learn that attempts have been made, and to some extent success ful, to pass this money off on strangers, who visit this section. This Bank, we learn, wound up its affairs some time since, and is regarded as a broken Insti tution. We make this statement in order to warn the unsuspecting against passing or receiving the same. We also learn that the “Tallahassee Shin Plasters ’ are of no value in this community. W'eatiier, Health, Crops. -The weath er is dry and warm throughout this sec tion. We have been without rain for the past three weeks, and the cotton crops are suffering severely from the drought. Our planters are becoming alarmed from this result, and fears are entertained of a very short crop. The corn and cane crops will be abundant. We hear of a few cases of sickness, but no deaths. Thermometer ranges from 80 to 88 deg. The Patriot also reports that religious revivals have been progressing for several weeks in Baker and Worth counties, among the Baptist denomination. Seven teen were baptized at “Pine Bluff” Church; twenty.one at “Mt. Horeb;” twenty-seven at “lied Oak,” and twenty one at Antioch, making eighty-six in all who have joined the Baptist Church. Another revival was reported at Warwick, with a deep religious feeling prevailing. Tennessee Crop Sews. The Somerville Times, of the 9ih inst., hears some little complaint as to the dam age the cotton has sustained from the late rains, and learns that the boll worm is injuring the cotton in some localities. During the past week most of the farmers have been picking cotton —averaging from 75 to 100 pounds to the hand. The LiUrange Monitor, of the 10th, says : “The cotton crop in this vicinity is in a flourishing condition ; planters are in high spirits, anticipating an abundant yield. The cereal crops are comparative ly good. We learn that in Henry, Carroll and Gibson counties, the tobacco crop is better than usual. In Haywood, Lauder dale, Tipton, Madison, Hardeman and Shelby, corn and cotton are very promis ing-” A Good Day’s Business. The Central Rail Road despatched yes terday one hundred and three cars, with freight to the amount of $5,400: besides which the passenger train that left at 12 o’clock, noon, took one hundred and six ty passengers, which, at an average of say $5 a piece, would give SB3O, or six thousand two hundred and thirty dollars for the day’s business! exclusive of the fare of the night passenger train.— Sav. News, Feroantlo VVooth The New York Courier and Enquirer has commenced a series of portraitures of prominent men of New soi k. Last week it save a portrait of M Pliant B. Astor, the richest man in that city. It next gives a portrait of ox-Movor Mood, who has been the architect ti M own fortune. We give an extract: Fernando Wood was horn on the l-l:!i of .Tune, 1812, in the City <>f l’hiln kl phia. ir. m whence hi” father and family removed to New York during 1820. The son, who has resided here ever since, was trained to mercantile pursuits, entered the shipping business, and was for many years an extensive importer. from this profession he retired in 1841), with an ample fortune, to live upon his means and amuse himself with that most fasci nating of all diversions, politics. Inac tivity with a man of his nature is impos sible. It is said that he has made one or two speculations since, in keeping w: the energy and decision which marks h: political career. We know personally of p u one, which occurred in California. In 1852 he purchased a lot of groan 1 in San Francisco, which paid him S2;>,GOO ground rent during the fLst 3 Ciil ’ a -‘ ! has netted him about hail that sum an nually ever since. We mention this be cause the manner of its purchase is so characteristic of the man; and in his case, as in that of many others, what is usually called “luck” is really fore-ight and bold action combined. Mi-. Wood entered the field o; politics quite eariy, and was known as an active Democrat before lie attained his majoiity. In 1836 he was chosen a metnb r ol the General Committee at Tammany II ill, and in 1830 and 1840 was its Chairman. During the latter year he was elected a member of Congress, although only twenty eight years old—a result it that age not common in this city. During his Congressional career he began to give in dications of bis talent for public affairs and qualifications for leadership. Though lie madesevera brilliant and able speech es while on the floor of the House, he proved himself to be a working as well as talking member, displaying a knowledge of political history and an aptitude for legislative business which rather sur prised older members. After his term was out he resumed attention to lr.s own affairs, from which be did not turn until he retired upon his means in 1849. lie could not remain quiet. In 1850 he was nominated for Mayor by the Dem ocratic party, aud though defeated, led the rqst of the ticket. In 1854 he was nominated again, and triumphed over James W. Barker, after a severe contest. From that time forth his sayings and do ings have occupied a large share of mu nicipal and, latterly, of national atten tion. Ilis first message to the Common Council, delivered during January, 1855, caused some sensation at the time, even ■beyond municipal limits. It certainly was filled with bold and original ideas, forcibly expressed, and gave a strong in dication of administrative ability. Other papers which followed, and the acts which accomplished them, demonstrated not only this peculiar talent, but showed that he possessed a clear knowledge of the theo ry and practice of municipal government. , * Southern Express Company. We rejoice to hear from the Montgom | ery Mail, of the formation of a Southern Express Company. We are confident ! that a home company, knowing the wants ! and demands of our Southern public, would succeed to the exclusion of all others.— Augusta Constitutionalist. We agree with the above that a South ; ern Express Company is bound to succeed. The business in the South, an extensive and most profitable one, has been done by Northern companies, and has, so far, been a grand and grinding monopoly, and I those whose business renders such agen cies desirable, if not absolutely necessa ry, are taking a strong interest in the new enterprise, and are bound to “put it \ through.” Extraordinary efforts, it is said, are ; being made to prevent the organization I of the “ Southern Express Company,” | emanating from a source wholly disinterest ed, of course. These efforts, however, are so little in character, and their object so transparent as to be entirely abortive. We are advised that the amount of stock requisite for organizing the “Southern | Express Company” has been secured, and that the Company have determined (as originally intended) to under a special charter from the State of Alabama, which will doubtless be obtained at an early day of the next Legislature.—Mont gomery Confederation. Hints to Young Writers. When composing for the press, write on one side of the sheet. Let each propo sition stated be coached in simple lan guage, avoiding all extraordinary figures j of speech, and words not understood by the general reader. Big words render a quarto dictionary necessary, and the reader will not thank you if be is com pelled to lay aside your article and turn over its leaves to understand their sig nification. A writer who, to use a horne ’ ly phrase, has swallowed Webster’s last edition, will never become a favorite with sensible people. The best authors use the simplest forms of expression. Sim plicity is both strength and beauty. Let each sentence be clear and com i plete in itself. An idea should stand out in bold relief, and not be smothered by wLat is called by wordy writers, a I “wealth of language.” Compare Irving’s Sketch Book and Headley’s Nap'oleon and his Marshals, and observe the difference. The first is clear, simple, and delightful, and wins the admiration of the reader at | once and for life; the secomf is full of bombast and incongruous figures, which captivate the sophomore, but disgust the genuine literateur. — M. O. True Delta. Foreign Bills of Exchange. Attention was called, on Wednesday, to the result of an appeal in the House of ; Lords which has established that bills of exchange drawn by a foreign or colonial house on its English correspondents, and I vice versa, 9 are, in cases of bankruptcy, no better than promissory notes, provided any members of the one firm are partners in the other, since the holders will not be allowed to prove on both estates. The decision has excited great remark, be cause not only is it contrary to commer cial usage, but it will have the effect of impairing the marketability of the bills of all English houses at home and abroad who draw upon their own actual or sup ) posed connections, and consequently of throwing the exchange business in each country into native hands. It is also calculated, when carried out to it- logical conclusions, to give rise to technical per plexities. The interests -affected are of ! such extent that some distinct legislation on the subject will probably be attempted in the next session of Parliament.—Lcn ’ don Times. Cincinnati Cattle Market. The supply of fat hogs is fair, and tlie demand good. Prices remain without change, and we continue to quote $4 75 to S5 25 per cwt. gross as the range for fat with small sales of extra at $5 50. Sheep in good demand, and prices firmer a $1 50 to $3 50 each. An improved demand for I beef cattle, and prices fully 25 per cent, higher. The supply is good, but the de mand is fully up to it. We now quote $2.50 to $3.75 gross as the range, the latter rate for strictly prime. The grade of cattle in Monday’s market was better than we have noticed in the market for some time. .4* Counterfeit Coin. The Louisville Courier, of the 7th iusf., ’ says: We understand that counterfeit half dol lars, quarters and dimes are circulating rather freely in this city. The signs are that there is a manufactory here, which turns them out in quantities to supply the demand. Destructive Fire in Chicago. Chicago, Sept. 16 —There was a large fire here last night—three blocks entire ly, and two partially destroyed. The loss is estimated at half a million i dollars. There was an insurance ou the I builditigs for a quarter of a million.
