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R. ELLIS fit CO., Proprietors.
Volume XIV.
(OLIMBIS. TIKNDAY. JAM ARY 11, 1*59.
Judical Klertloii-The People.
The American Prtm of this State have raised
a great hue and cry against the elections of
Judges by the )mo pie and more especially against
the policy of making one’s political orthodoxy a
qualification for office. This all sounds very well
on paper and would answer the ends of justice,
if there were inure virtue and loss selfishness in
the world. But it may besot down as a truth be
yond contradiction, that the millennial day in
polities, when all shall agree as to the mode of
conducting the government, will never come.—
Then* will always be two parties and the wisest
statesman would not have it otherwise. Then
regarding this point as settled beyond controver
sy, every election by the people will inevitably
turn upon the political principles of the candidate.
It is the case now in every election held through
out the country. A democrat, for instance, can
not lo elected Mayor of this City, although his
adiuinistration should be impartial, except in few
instances, where local questions decide the result.
The same may be said of the party in the ascen
dancy in every community. It will elect its own
members down to a Constable. The question, is
u.-ked, why not give the Legislature the power to
elect Judges? In apolitical point of view, we
must confess we favor the proposition. We look
over the State and we see many Judicial l>istricts
that will always, ns heretofore, elect Americans.
If we return to the election by the Legislature,
Democrats will fill tho offices of Judge and Solic
itor in every District throughout the State. But
aside from politics, wu believe the people in
their primary assemblies will select the most
competent and fit persons to hold these of
fices. They will take the most prominent men.
If the two parties nominate, each will select the ,
most acceptable to its members. Is this tho case
in the Legislature ? Not atall. The Members of
the Legislature from one section of the State arc
not acquainted with the qualification of office
seekers In a more distant section and it frequently
happens vote for the most incompetent. It is
known too that the party in the minority frequent -
ly takes up the loireet candidate and elects him
over the bead of the hiyhett for the mere purposo
of baffling the wishes of the majority.
Besides, will not the Legislature muke politics
a test for office? Has it ever been otherwise?-
Does not the majority elect its officers, regardless
of the cry of the opposition ? Do not tho same
objections which the American party offers to ju
dicial elections by the people apply with equal
force to the Legislatue? In truth. We have beeu
so uncharitable ourselves as to believe that tho
objections raised wore not so much from tho im
pulses of duty and love of country, as the whis
perings of party tactics and party chicanery. Iu
this, we trust we arc mistaken, but if not, wc
shall not ignore their wishes to the extent of u
fien*e opposition to a return to elections by the
Legislature, when the party with which we are as
sociated will have everything to gain and nothing
to loose by the change. We regret that we have
not space to copy a well-written editorial from our
venerable cotemporary of the Cornerstone on this
subject. Let these remarks suffice for tho pres
ent. Hereafter we may enter more fully into a
a thorough discussion of this question.
odlfyiug the Laws.
rue ia.°t legislature eiecceu non. it. * ■ oonti
son. Iverson L. Harris and David Irwin to codify
the laws of this State in accordance with an act
previously passed. We underßWind from reliable
authority that the first two named have declined
t. serve. The labor of such a work as that expec
ted by the BtoUs and the poor salary are perhaps
the reasons that influenced these gentlemen to de
cline acting as commissioners.
Robbery.—We learn (says the Augusta Dis
putfi*h of the tth inst.) thats3. 743, OO.wirt abstrac
ted from tbe office .f tho Superintendent of the
f Georgia Railroad on yesterday afternoon. No
~ ,*lue to the thief has been discovered.
a-gr Lieut. Andrew Jackson, 1 • S. A. s*n of
Joim Jacks.,,,, of Petersburg, Va., has been ap
•jointed assistant tutor in Spanish, at W eat 1 *.
with a salary of $2,601). He is tho first Ameri
can to whom the post has ever been assigned.
A New Trrrltiir) 111 Prm-BWWf.
Wahhimiton, Jan. 7.-Mr. C.tlf**'* MHf.tr Hie
ergantsatkin of Hie New Territory of Colon*
|emhraoea in it* provision* all the recently Jiecov-
K „hl regions of Pike’s Peak, Cherry Creek,
Ac., men .ting tr-.ni the parellel of longiliide 1J 0
t , the creel of the Hooky Mountains, being four to
five degrees in width, ami from tbeiJitit to the
42.1 parallel of latitude, including parts of tho
Territories of Nebraska. Ttah and New Mexico —
the largest part of which lios In the present limit*
of Kansas.
The new territory will embrace within its bor
der- also the famous three Peaks, and head water.*
of the rivers Platte, the Rio Grand* ami the Ar-
kMM>>
Bridge’s Hui, which shortens the road to Cali
fornia over UK) miles Is in the Northern part, and
the Coochatape Paw in the Southern part of the
New Territory. Colon* is the name favored by
the settlers there, nearly two thousand of whom
are now located at or near the gold region. Mr.
Colfax expresses the opinion that by next sum
mer there will be at least. persons in Colon*
and as it is important that they rhould have a
distinct Territorial Government, he prepared a
bill for that purpose.
The House Committee on Territories have re
fused at present to report favorable to the organi
lation of the New Territory of Colon*, but the
friend* of that measure etiil entertain hopes of
success.
(ongreealon*!
W AHHI NOTOE, Jan. f>.
In the Senate, to-day, Judge Iverson's reso
lution of inquiry in relation to establishing a na
val depot at Brunswick, was adopted.
The bill to satisfy the French spoliation claims,
as reported especially at the last session, was
taken up. Mr. Crittenden urged the passage of
the bill.
The discussion of the Pwific railway bill was
reumwl. Memrs. Bigler, HarUn. Iverson, and
other*, participated in tbc discuwion. Mr. Iver
„,„ved a recommitment, with instruction, to
to report a bill providing for two roads to the Fa ■
eific. The motion was overruled, and the Senate
raute to no action on the main bill.
In the House, Mr. Colfax introduced a bill for
tbc organization of the Cohraa Territory.
The tariff question was discussed, and tbc House
adjourned.
WA...XOTOU, Jan. T.-l the •-**
the French spoliatlou and Pacific railway *”
were discussed. The Senate then adjourned until
Monday.
In the House, sever*!private Mils were report
ed, including one for the relief of the officers and
crew of the privateer brig General Armstrong.
The House Committee on Territories has agreed
to report bills for the organization of Territorial
government* for Arizona and Itaeotab, and re
jecting Colons. _
Brig U*t*
CiunLzsfoa. Jan. 7.-The schooner British
Queen, from Nassau, has arrived at this port, and
brings intelligence of the lozs ofthehrig Kate An
derson, of Bath, Maine, on Bay Islands, on the
,th inst. The officers aud crew wore saved, and
had arrived at Nassau. The Kate Anderson
cleared at this port for Now Orleans, and was
wretked on fc*r pa*ag.
®le Ciilnmte Utaclli itap.
items of Klcctlon News.
At the lau* municipal clcctiou iu Albany,
j R. F. I. on was elected Mayor, and the following
gent lonian chosen as Cone i I men: J. M. Mercer.
S. D. Irvin. V. G. Rust, Johu Jackson, S. F. De-
Grntl'cmied, R. L. Tomlimsou, U. R. Laws.
At the same election, John Kitchen was chosen
Tax Receiver and James Mathiny Tax Collector
for Dougherty eo.
In Worth 00., W. Land, was chosen Tax Col
lector, and J. M. Rouse, Receiver.
Hcnalor (hrenuis Views.
We believe that we can speak ejecathrdra, or ns
nearly so, in regard to this matter ns any one else ‘
and, us such, wc do not hesitate to say that Sen
ator Cbesnut does not by any means endorse all
the views announced in Governor Hammond's
Barnwell speech.
Ho is not in favor of tho State going into the
Presidential scramble—iu other words, he is an
auti-National Cenventionist. He is not as hope
•ful of the South receiving her rights in the Union,
as Senator llnmiuond, and believes that we have
hud already sufficient cause to sever our connec
tion with the North, and ought to unite heartily
for this purpose. He is dear that the Mtates have
certain inaliouablo rights; and, the idea of an
absolute centralized government is odious in the
extreme.— Camden Journal.
France and (hr lulled states
Washington, Jan. B.—The admiuistratiou ro
gard the tone of the French foreign office in rela
tiou to Cuban matters as the vaporinga of Louis
Napoleou.
Overland Mall
St. Loi'i.s, Jau. 7.—The overland mail has ar
rived from California, with dates to the 13th ult.
The news unimportant.
The continued hostilities on tho part of the Cu
tuiincbes had compelled the station men to erect
fortifications for their protection.
The Kansas and Stockton mail party had been
turned buck by the Navajocs, who threatened to
exterminate them if they crossed their country.
Missouri Legislature.
Sr. Loris, Jan. s.—The Missouri Legislature
is considering u bill to authorize the Governor of
that State to call out the militia for the purpose of
repeling the Kansas marauders.
Savannah Ram.
Savannah, Jan. For the race to-day there
were two eutries—Fanny Washington and Hemp
land— the former won two hea*s, In the second
race Laura Spillman and Jenny Rose were the
contestants. Laura won both heats.
There heavy batting ou tho result of the
first race.
senator Douglas at Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, Jan. 3.—Senator Douglas ar
rived here this evening en route to Washington.
He was received at the wharf by a committee and
by the Keystone Club, the campaign body of the
last Presidential election. Salutes were fired from
Windmill Island, and a large procession formed,
with torches and banners, which escorted him
through the principal streets in an open barouche
to the St. Lawrence hotel, amid a heavy snow
storm.
On reaching headquarters, in compliance with
tlres'seJ"iTTem^using about the same language as
on the occasion of the New \ ork serenade, lit*
did not suppose the demonstration whs intended
as a personal compliment, but as an evidence of
attachment te principles of the l uion which ho
had struggled to uphold.
A speech from Mr. Forney was then demanded,
in which he denied the imputation that Mr. Doug
las is to be received as a Presidential candidate,
but is as the hero who stood up against misappli
ed official power and conquered—and, besides, be
is the guest of the city, through the action of its
councils.
Mr. Douglas will receive his friendste-morrow
,t Independence Halt.
Dksthictivb Fihb in Piiiiadki.ima. A fire
broke out in the 12th Ward of Philadelphia, on
Tuesday morning last, and before it could be ar
rested, consumed a large factory and about a
dozen dwellings. The loss is estimated at *60.-
090. .
Thr Sew ItnlMinad to Columbus.
It is with pleasure w record the fact that the
question of building a Rail-Road direct from this
place to Columbus moots with such universal ap
pr.tuition among our citizens and capitalists. The
practicability and the benefits to bo derived from
the construction of such a Road to the interests
of this community and of the people who may re
side along its line, at once presents on argument
in its favor which cannot be refuted by any so
phistry which might be presented by those who
might oppose the enterprise.
In order that the matter may be brought more
prominently before those most interested in the
enterprise, we would suggesf that some of tbe
friends of the move address the people, of rrottp
ami Harris counties, on the next sale day, in
Grange and Hamilton. Will some prominent and
enterprising gentlemen bring this matter bofofb
the people of Troup and Harris? Wo would like
to hear something from our friends of Rough-
Edge district, and in Harris county, on this Hub
joet. Shall we hear from you, friends? It is a
subject in which your pecuniary interests are deep
ly involved.
All that l* bow necessary to carry out tbe pro
ject in just a few energetic and active men to take
an interest in tbe matter, and proclaim it to tbe
people, and get them interested in it. It is more
than probable that many of tbe wealthy farmer*
living on the line of the proposed Road would
tuko stock and work it out.
When we assnre our friends that it is the opin
ion of some very prominent Rail Road men that
this new Knud would lie the best paying Hoad oj
in length in the State, it ought to inspiretbe ut
most confidence in the enterprise. “ heard a
gentleman remark a few days since, (and he is
o„e ,f tbc most experienced Rail-Rotd contrac
tors in our ritat*,) that he would be willing to take
utock and work it out, so certain was he of its
practicability and complete success as a paying
Shall we, then, have a tneotiug on the lubjeot
at somo future day ? .Say next side day, as sug
gested above. We hope we may hear from our
friends on the subject. Ladrang.: Reporter Janu
ary 7th. #
Petit ruction ol the Hasan.
We have received accounts of the destruction
of the schooner Susan, and Capt. Maury s report.
From these wo learn that she was wrecked on tbe
lOi h ult., on Glovers Coral Reef, about sixty miles
from Belize. The vessel is a total loss. N<> lives
were lost. The passengers landing safely on the
middle Cay. Capt. Maury proceeded to Bell?.©
from the wreck of the schooner, to charter * v
sel to convey his passengers to their point of des
tination. Gov. Seymour, of tbe Belize, tendered
the British war steamer Basilisk to convey the
passenger* to any southern port in the United
States. There were reports circulated to the pro
justice’ of the p.D**cngcr* by an American captoin,
Imt (I',V. Heymour said that the shipwrecked men
had violated no British law ; lie asked uot who
I hey were or where hound, hut chose to regard
them a* ship-wrecked citizen* of a nation with
whom he desired to cultivate friendly relations,
ami would gladly and promptly give any assis
tanoe needed. Captain Maury accepted the ofler
<,n behalf the passengers, who feel grateful to him
for his effort* in their behalf, and acquit him of
all blame for tbe wreck of his schooner.
Winter Iron Works.— Thi* extensive and
noted establishment, the salo of which has beon
advertised for some time past, was on Monday
last sold at auction, and brought thirty thousand
dollars. Thos. 11. Watt*, Esq., made the pur.
chase on behalf of the creditor* be represents,
who have claims against the concern. The Ad
vertiser understands that after the machinery i*
disposed of tho Iron Work* will be used for ware
house purpose*. —[ifoatg* Ado.
The London Times opposes the idea of wAw
exhibition of the industry of all nations to he held
in London in 18(11.
THK UNION OF THE STATES, A NII THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.
I OLI WHIN, WEDNESDAY. JAM ARY 11. 1858.
lion. Mm. F. Sam ford -The signal.
This gentleman, well known in Alabama as
well ns Georgia, as a brilliant and able writer, has
taken charge of the Auburn (Ala.) Signal, former
ly Auburn Gazette.
We congratulate the press upon such an acquis*
itiou to their fraternity—Mr. Snmford was the
editor of the “True Union” in 1857 and did ser
vice in the Buchanan campaign. Asa testimo
nial of his ability as a writer and the estimation
in which he is held by his party, bo received a
tlattering vote in the Democratic Gubernatorial
Convention which nominated tho present Gover
nor of Alabama. He is intensely Southern in
politics as tho readers of that Journal will discov
er. Wo welcome him back to the tripod and ex
tend to him the right hand of fellowship.
Presidential.
Our cotemporary of the South-Western A’eics
would not misrepresent our position intentionally
upon the Presidential question. Wc have not
avowed ourselves for Got. Wise fur President as
averred by that Journal. We published u commu
nication from A distinguished friend, whose views
are always worthy of notice, upon lion. Jeffer
son Davis, where Hon. Henry A. Wise, of Aoco
mne, was alluded to as the most fit candidate for
the party. This uccounts for tho iuiatako.
Pataula circuit -Election.
Official Ketnrnt.
JI'DU US. SOLICITOUS,
Perkins. Wimberly. Bally. Norwood
Clay 180 151 190 136
C hat tali’ue 253 208 141 326
Miller, 112 18 101 18
Webster 107 235 111 228
Early, 245 65 194 87
Randolph 481 331 486 303
Stewart, 373 627 413 542
Terrell 171 287 228 228
1,942 1,822 1,674 1,870
We published the above returns, yesterday, tho
vole from all tho counties being official, with the
exception of Chattahoochee. The full returns
show that PERKINS, the democratic nominee
for Judge, and BAILEY, for*S*:lieitor. are elec
ted. The former by twenty votes, aud the latter
by four.
Later from Mexico
New Ohleans, Jan. B. An arrival brings
dates from the city of Mexico to the 20th Decern
her.
Zuloaga has been deposed by the forces under
the rebels. He bus taken refuge iu the English
Minister’s quarters.
Robles announces himself us the head of the
conservative party iu Mexico, and has sent com
missioners to Vera Crux to treat with the liberals.
Ylcc-PrcalUent Rreckenridge’s Speech.
We regret that our limited space will not per
mit us to copy in extento the truly eloquent speech
of Mr. Breckenridgc, delivered on the occasimi of
leaving the old Senate Chamber, with its thou
sand sacred associations, to take possession of
the new. We published yesterday a brief syuup
per..**,, oy mir numerous
readers.
It is impossible to disconnect from an occasion
like this, a crowd of reflections on our own past
history, and of speculations *u the future. The
most meager account of the Senate involves n
summary of the progress of our country. From
yeur to vear you have soon your representation
enlarge; rime and-a gain you have proudly wel
comed anew sister into the confederacy; and tho
occurrences of this day arc a material and im
pressive proof of the growth and prosperity ol
tho United States. Three period* iu tin* history
oftheßeuato mark, iu striking contrast, three
epochs iu the history of the Union.
On the 3d of March, 1789. when tho govern
ment was organized under the f oustitutlon, I io
Senate was composed of the represontaUvoa ot
eleven Btates, containing three million people.
On the fitl, December 1819, when tho Senat.
met for the first time iu this room, it was compo
sed of the representatives of twenty one Stales,
containing nine millions people.
... , 1 1... i. mi .11 Inti ClfiN ut
CJilininiK •**••* i-- i
To day it is oempoeod of tho representatives ..t
thirty-two Suites, containing more than twenty
eight million people, prosperous, happy, ami still
devoted to constitutional liberty, bet jhew great
facts speak for themselves to all the world.
The career of the United States cannot bo men
cured by that of any other people of whom history
gives account; aud tho mind is almost appalled at
the contemplation of the prodigious force which
has marked their progress. Sixty nine years ago
thirteen States containing three millions olin
habitants, burdened with debt, and exhausted by
the long war of independence, established for their
common good a free Constitution, on principles
new to mankiud, and began tlieir experiments
with the good wishes of a few doubting friends
and the derision of the world. Look at the re
sult to day; twenty-eight millions of people, m
every way happier than an o<iual number in any
other part of the globe! the centre of population
and political power descending the western slopes
of the AUeghuny mountains, and the original
thirteen States forming but the eastern margin on
the map of our vast possessions. See besides,
Christianity, civilization, and the arts given to a
continent; the despised colonics grown intou
Power of the first class, representing ui.d protec
ting ideas that involve tho progress ot the human
race: a commerce greater than that ol any other
nation, every variety of climate, soil, and produc
tion to make * people powerful and happy: Ireo
interchange between tbe States —in a word, be
hold present greatness, and in the future, mu em
pire to which the ancient mistress {of the world-in
the height of her glory could not be compared.—
Such is our country; ay, and more—far more
than any mind could conceive or any tongue
could utter. Is (here an American who regrets
the past 7 Is there one who will derido his coun
try’s laws, pervert her or alienate
h.-r people? If there be such a man, let bis mem
ory descend to posterity laden with the exeat*
tions of all mankind.
Se happy i* the political and social condition ol
the United States, and so accustomed are we to
tbe secure enjoyment of a freedom elsewhere un
kn-.wn, that we are apt to undervalue the treas
ures we possess, and to lose, in some degree, tbe
sense of obligation to our forefathers. But when
tbe strifes of faction shake the Government, and
even threaten it, we may pause with advantage
lon If enough to remember that we ore raping the
reward of other men’s labors. This liberty we
inherit; this admirable constitution, whieh has
survived peace and war, prosperity and adversity ;
this double scheme of Government, Male and
Federal, so peculiar and so little understood by
other Powers, yet which pro tec U tho earnings of
industry, aud makes the largest personal freedom
compatible with public order. These great results
wore uot acquired without wisdom and toil and
blood. Tbe touching aud berom record is before
the world ; but to all this we were born, and, like
heirs upon whom has been cast a great inheri
tance, Lave only the high duty to preserve, to ex
-1 . .. >ri _ I ......Iniitiiiiiu ol
tancc, nave ouiy w;u in*'* v ” ..
t.*ii* 1. will to allow it. The grand |,roduetion. ol
tin. ‘ere in whieh tho foundation of this Govern
ment wore laid, revoal the doo|) sense its founder*
liad of I heir obligation, to tho wholo tainiiy 1
man. Let us never forget that the responsibili
ties imposed on this generation are by so mui h
tbc greater than those which rested on our revo
lutionary ancestor,, as the population, extent,
and power of our country surpass the dawning
promise of it* origin
‘ It would he a ploasing task to pursue many
trains oi thought, not wholly foretgn to thia oe
cuion, but the temptation to outer the wide held
must tie vigorously curbed: yet I may he por
tioned, perhaps for one or two additional refloo-
U °Tlie Senate assembled for the laet time in
thi* Chamber. Henceforth it -til be converted to
other uses : yet it must remain torevor connected
with great events, and sacred to the memories of
the departed orators and statesmon who here m
g.ged in high debates, an.t shaped the policy'of
uieir conn try. Hereafter the Amertean and the
stranger, ns they wander through the Cnplt il,
will turn with instinctive revorenco to view me
•pot on which bo many and groat material* have
accumulated for history. They will recall the
Images of the great and the good, whose renown l*
thvoonmOß property of th* Union $ *nd chiefly*
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, MONDAY, JANUARY 17, 1859.
perhaps, they will linger mound the seals once
occupied by the mighty three, whose names and
fume, associated in Mfo, death has not beeu able
to sever ; illustrious men, who in their generation
sometimes divided, sometimes led, and sometime's
resisted public opinion—for they were of that
higher class of statesmen who seek the right and
follow their con vie thms.
There sat Calhoun, the Senator, inflexible, aus
tere, oppressed, but not overwhelmed by his deep
sense ot the importance of his public functions;
seeking the truth, then four lastly following
man whoso unsparing intellect compelled all his
emotions to harm on he with tho deductions of his
vigorous logic, and whose noble countenance ha
bitually wore tho expression of one engaged iu
the performance of high public duties.
This was Webster’s sent. He, too, was even
such a Senator. Conscious of his own vast pow
ers, he reposed with confidence On himself ; and
scorning the contrivances of smaller men, ho stood
among his peers all the greater for the simple dig
nity of his senatorial demeanor. Type of his
northern home, he rises before the imagination, in
the grand ami granite outline of his form aud in
tellect, like a groat New England rock, repelling
a New England wave. Asa writer, his produr
lions will be cherished by statesmen and scholars
while the English tongue is spoken. Asa sen
atorial orator, his great efforts ure historically as
sociated with this Chamber, whose very air seems
yet to vibrate beneath the strokes of his deep
tones and his weighty words.
<bi the outer circle, sat Henry Clay, with his
impetuous and ardent nature untamed by age,
and exhibiting in the Senate the same vehement
patriotism and passionate eloquence that of yore
dec trilled the House of Representatives and the
country • His extraordinary personal endowments,
his courage, all his noble qualities, invested him
with an individuality aud a charm of character
which, in any age, would have made him a fa
vorite of history. Ho loved luacountry above all
earthly objects. He loved liberty iu all countries.
Illustrious man !--orator, patriot, philanthropist
—-his light, at its meridian, was scon and felt in
the remotest parts of the civilized world; and his
declining sun, as it hastened down tho west, threw
buck its level beams, in hues of mollowed splendor,
to illuminate and to cheer the laud he loved aud
served so well.
All the States may point, with gratified pride, j
to the services iu the Senate of their patriotic suns.
Crowdiug the memory, come the names of Adams.
11 ayne, Mason, Oti.-, Macon, Plnckuey, and tho
rest —I cannot number them - who, in the record
of their acts aud utterances, appeal to their suc
cessors to give the Union A destiny not unworthy
of the past. What models wore these, to awaken
emulation or to plunge in despair! Fortunate
will he the American statesmen who, in this age,
or in succeeding times, shall contribute to invest
tho new Hall to w hich wo go, w ith historic memo
ries like those which cluster here.
UgAml now, Senators, wc leave this memorable
Chamber, bearing w ith us, unimpaired, the Con
stitution we received from our forefathers. Let
us cherish it with grateful acknowledgments to the
Divine Power who controls the destinies of em
pires und whose goodness wo adore. The strut*- j
tores reared by men yield to tho corroding tooth of
time. These marble walls must moldor into ruin; I
but the principles of constitutional liberty, guar- ,
dod bv wisdom and virtue, unlike material ole i
moots, do not decay. Let us devoutly trust that !
another Semite, iu another ago, shall boar to anew I
and lurgor Ulinniher, this Constitution vigorous ]
and inviolate, and that tho last generation of pos- j
teritv shall witness tho deliberations of tho Rep- |
| resentntives of American Slates still united, pros
perous, aud free.
In execution of the order of the Senate, the I
body will now proceed to the new Chamber.
To Hit* Renders of (he Signal.
in assuming the responsibilities of tho political j
editorship of the SDt-NAL, 1 hnvo low promises J
to make. 1 shall endeavor to deserve the confi
dence of my old friends and command that of new :
oik .-. I hope tu preserve the kiuduat relations |
fft'bfflVi'loaders or organizations ; j
state facte fairly and give my follow-citizens iii
candid and moderate expression of my honest
C °i'i *m'a*SOUTHEßN RIGHTS DEMOCRAT, I
and intend t defend Hie South and Southern j
Rights men and measures to the best of my poor ,
abilities. I crave “the charitable speeches ot
mankind” and propose to avoid the bitterness mid
illibcrality of unscrupulous partisanship. What
ever may be fairly expected of a generous cour
tesy T hope to prove myself ever anxiously ready
to perform. ..
My present engagement leaves me free from nil
obligations Other than such as justly pertain to
the editorial urtioles which I may write. Ihe
proprietors mid local editor will be responsible
unless in exceptional coses for solicitous and
whatever else pertains to this newspaper. It is
my highest aspiration to da my duty.
“I Imrdly yet have learned #
T insinuate, flatter. Imw mol bend my knee,
WM. 1 - BAMFORD.
Jau. 8, 1859. „
Ohio. —Goveitnor’s Mkssaok she Message j
of the Governor of Ohio relates chiefly to the ho- I
oinl condition of the State. He devotes buteighl
lines in the slavery question.
In IRSO the population of Ohio w ; I.08O.OWI:
It is now 2,420,0(10. In m:\ the common * ,-l '<wlß j
of tbe+tt ate were 5,9*4; they are m-w „ 12,501).
He, however, recommends tlie establishment of I
normal schools lbr tbeedmyition of teachers.
The number of poor in Houses of Refuge tees- |
timated at 2,800, and tho number receiving out
door relief at 12,0(Mfinore, which Is about one in
digent lor every U>2 of the population. The pro
portion of tho same class in England is one m 12; |
in New York, according to the census ol 1850, one ;
in f,O; in Massachusettsoucin <ls. The number
of indictments for crime during tho past year was
about ;i,600. The murders during the year were |
Ht), and the suicides 65.
In view of the belief that four fifths of the po
lice offences are due to the intemperate use of in
dent spirits, the Governor recommends the es
tablishment of an asylum for inebriates.
< He say* that the administration of civil justice
has not disappointed the advocates of an elective
Judiciary, and that the plan of electing Judges
by popular vote work* well m Ohio. j
Tbe total receipts of the State for the year 858 |
wore $3,768,721, and the disbursements
002, leaving a balance in the treasury 0f5220.1211
The total fctato debt in $17,109,973, of which
$0,113,625 become* due after Dec. 31t, 1800.
The public works are in a prosperous condition,
anil the agricultural interests of the State are alio
recovering from tbe depression ol the past year.
I he Bate*-fourth Dnjr.
We were unable to attend the race* yesterday J
mil I our report is consequently meagre. The first ,
race was “Colt stakes for throe your old, two nnle ,
heats ” There were eleven entries, but only two j
horse’s appeared at the tap of the drum, Fanny |
Washington and Hempland, the race resulting m l
favor of the former. ;
The second was a handicap race, three mile j
heats, two entries, Jenny Rose and Lauru Spilt - ,
man ; both started, but Jenny fagged out and wuh j
withdrawn, leaving LdUra the winner.
We learn that the betting was the heaviest or
any day this season, and the interest felt in the
races was consequently very intense. ihe track
wun heavy, owing to tho nun, but the time made
was good.— Sav. Republican.
TuK Filiiu htrhh to hr Prosecutro. A j
Washington 1 otter .B,y* : “In reepons* to the Col- j
lector's inquiry ns to wlmt should bednne with tho
returned shipwrecked filibusters, tbe Secretory of j
the Treasury telegraphed on the 4th inst. that the j
principals should lie proeeeutod, and desired tho
Collector to furnish him with a list nf those who
arriied in tho British vessel
(opgrrHslonal.
Washixutok. Jan. 10,-ln the tomato to-day,
Mr. Iverson, of Georgia, introduced a hill for tho
abolition of the franking privilege.
The French spoliation lull was passed by a vote
uftwenty-six aye* to twenty nays.
In the House, the President's message was de
bated ; the debate, hnwovor, was unimportant.
The Indian appropriations MU was passed.
J’lttXTiso Os GiaxcN—Two weeks since on page
12U of the present volume of the BcienttOo Ameri
can, we published an extract in relation to print
ing on glass, and wo called upon the mentor of
this process to report himself and exhibit some
apeeimens of bis skill, lie basdoneso; the real
.Simonpurr is Mr. Baxter, No. 11l Fulton street,
New York, the ornamental printer aud publisher
of colored prints, 110 showed u* epccimens of
colored printing on both Hot and curved g j-ss sur
faeo.. Flowers and letters are printed ‘ with equal
facility, but the Invention u not considered by It*
author to posses* much utility.
From the Journal of Commerce.
Thirl)-Fifth (on grow,-Second Session.
Washington. Jan. 5.
SENATE.
A communication was received from tho Presi
dent, covering a letter from our minister to China
and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary,
as were also some unimportant communications
from the Navy and Interior departments.
Among other business Mr. Iverson presented a
! resolution of the Legislature of Georgia asking for
a commission to obtain information concerning
! the yellow pine barreus of that State, with a view*
: to tho preservation of the timber for naval pur
; poses. It was referred to the Naval Commit
j tec.
Georgia further asks for the establishment of a
j national armory within her borders.
Air. Clay presented tho credentials of Mr.
Chosnut, of South Carolina. The oath was nd
ininistercd, and the Senator took his seat.
Mr. Seward, of N. Y„ offered a resolution in
j strucing the Judiciary Committee to inquire if it
is necessary to imena tho laws for the suppres
sion of the African slave trade, wliioh was adop
| ted.
Mr. Wilson, of Mass., offered a resolution that
a Committee of Five bo appointed to inquire
, whether any employee iu any department since
March4th, 1867, was required to contribute a por
f tion of his pay to defray the expenses of, or influ
ence any election during that period, or whether
any employee has beeu removed for not so con
tributing, and wbat legislation is necessary to
prevuut the thus influencing of elections.
The resolution was laid over.
Mr. Foot, of Yt„ moved that tho Vice Presi
dent’s address on leaving tho old hall be entered
at length ou the journal, and that 50,000 copies
of Mr. Crittenden’s and tho Vico President’s
speeches, be printed. Adopted.
The Pacific Railroad bill canto up. and Mr.
Bigler, of Pa., addressed the Senate.
Mr. Bigler's remarks were stopped by a message
from tho House announcing the death of General
Qutinmn.
Mr. Davis, of Miss., moved the usual resolu
tions of respect, aud paid au eloquent tribute to
the manly virtues and political probity of the do
ceosod. Ho touched lightly on the flllibuster pro
divides of tho deceased, and not in n tone of
censure.
Mr. Shields, of Min., paid a feeling tribute to
| the memory of his companion in arms He relat
ed several incidents of their joint Mexican career,
I showing the deceased’s bravery and warmth of
| heart. Americans, he said, will never be unjust
to tho memory of Quitman.
Messrs. Ward and Houston, of Texas, spoke
briefly, awarding to the deceased the meed of
gratitude which his sympathy with Texus
merited.
The Senate then adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRKSNTATIVKS.
Mr. Me Rea, of Miss., announced the death of
his immediate predecessor, General Quituiau,
sketching his eventful career as a statesman ami
soldier, and pronounced a eulogy uu his private
and public worth.
Mr. Uenhuni, of 8. C., spoke of tho wisdom and
sterling integrity of the deceased, iucidoutally al
luding to his brilliant military career in Mexi
co.
Mr. Wright, of Tenn., paid an eloquent tribute
to the deceased.
Mr. Thompson, of N. V., trusted it would not
be deemed an intrusion for him to respond to tho
expressions of bereavement and regret coining up
from the South, by tho uttranuo of a kindred sym
pathy froia New A'ork ; from which, us oue of her
sons, Gen. Quitman went out to wiu distinction
in another State, which delighted to honor him
when living, and now laments him dead, lie
spoke of him as un honest man, a model of cour
tesy aud devotion to his duty and the federal
Union. Mr. Thompson did not agree in all of
Gen. Quitauinn's political sentiments, but he hon
ored his memory, aud dropped a tour ou 1m
’ Jpota’in glowing terms of liis private aud military
i worth.
Messrs. Curtis, of lowa, and Bowie, of Md„
I spoke in similar terms with those who preceded
lbH.
; The usual resolutions of respect were passed,
1 and the House adjourned.
Message of the Governor of Pennsylvania.
The Governor’s*Message states that tho finan
ces of the Suite are in u most satisfactory condi
tion. The receipts at the treasury for the lineal
year were over four millions; the expenditures
wero three millions and three-quarters ; tho bal
ance on hand is over three quarters ; the balance
on bund is over throe quarters of a million, and
the entire State debt, nearly forty million. Ho
recommends a grout reduction in tho public debt,
looking towards its extinguishment. Speaking ot
the sale of the muin line, he says that after the
contract for the sale of the Dolawaro division was
entered into he was informed higher prices were
offered by responsible parties, but in his opinion
it was then too late. The prospects of the early
completion of the Sunbury and Kriu Railroad arc
verv encouraging. The eleven thousand public
schools cost $'2,500,000. Regarding the Ranks
be recommends a careful inquiry into the present
condition of Tioga county and Crawford County
Ranks, and the Rank of Bhainokin. He reiter-
Mtcs the opinion expressed in a former message
that there shocld be no further increase of banks
or bauking capital capital under the present sys
I tom. He informs the Legislature be cannot ap
prove of any bills chartering additional banks,
without a radical change in the system. Ho re
! commends thut certificates of loan be issued by
tho general government or Commonwealth ut a
value to bo fixed upon, with power to require ad
’ ditronal deposits of security as the loans depreci
ate in the market. The present condition of the
! revenue of the General Government demonstrates
i an urgent ueeessity for increased duties upon for
’ eign importations, and the Governor endorses tho
views of the President relative to the change pro
1 posed by specific duties. The concluding portion
, . i .... Wmi vim lie reirrets
of the message i* devoted to Kansan. He regret*
to Hay that under various pretence* the sacred
right of franchise baa been virtually withhold
Irom tho people ot that territory. Regarding tho
theory that henceforward it i to be the duty ot
Congress toproteot slavery in the territories, which
I extraordinary assumption is alleged to exist in the
decision of the Supreme Court, be says be i* yet
i to be convinced that any such construction cau be
fairly given to their action in tbe Drod Scott case,
i Such a doctrine, be adds, no matter bow s anc tion -
I ptl will shake the pillar* of our Constitutional
fabric.
Tho iiw-niinn (omDlrird.
The Loratlen Completed.
On Tuesday evening, the 28th ult., the corps of
Engineer* of the Atlantic A Gulf Railroad reach
ed the suburb* of Bainbridge, and pitched their
tent* in the North Eastern portion of the town.
On tbe next day they rcHumed their labors, and
were not long in completing the location of tbe
road to the east bank of the river.
Wo arc indebted to Mr.J T Stone, for the fol
lowing interesting information respecting the dis-
tance* of the road, etc:
The distance from the Little Satilla river to the
cast hank of Flint river, by the line of the road, ih
DM miles, 3,1 ftO feet; from Thoinasville to the
east bunk of Flint river 37 miles, M 0 fee.', front
Kevannull to the east l.imk of Flint river, 2S
mile*. S,lO f... t : from Kevennah tv. 1 hontMVillo
1119 miles, 1,240 feet: from tittle Hall la river to
Thumaeville 127 miles, 2,240 foot. The highest
point between Smvanueh and Bnlnbrulgo, Il the
dividing ridge between Ihe water* of flint and
| Oeklooknce rivers. In Deratnr eouiity, whi.di is
I .'till feet above tide water. Bainbridge is 1-0 feet
and the surface of Flint rirur, at Bainbridge, 78
foot above tide wator, r Dainbrulge Argus.
\u Kdltor that DU’Rt grt Klfrtrd.
Sledire. of the Atben* Banner, who wan a can
ilidate fur Town Clerk of Athens, thus liotiees hie
defeat at the reeenl municipal
“A young man l.y tho name of .-lodge was dis
tanced ninetoeu votesby his opponant. A great
many promised to rot. for him, but, like the man
i„ New Orleans, .several of them had bought
“harps of a thousand strings, and stool at home
to pracliooon thsir instrument*. He has depart
ed ‘for the mono,.in. of Hep.idam, where he
whangdoodl* roereth. hut requeeu US to say that
ho ia like the revolutionary soidtor shot atßuuk
er liill ~j wounded, my friends,
But Hunk I am not slain -
Just lay me down to bleed awhile,
I'll rise and 6,hi annul.”
The next time you play (old) Pledge, see that
you have yin Jacks in hand. The fact ii, our
young friend is a trump, and ought to have been
iltoted; but popular editors are generally kept
upon tho tripod.—Aug. Con.
A modern wit say, of young writer,.
‘Ht may bo that, like John oo tho III* of Pit
man. thev beam voice laying unto them, Bn •’
“but when they h..r any euoh command as
“/Vint /” they had better inquire whether it Is an
angel titot give* the trier,”
('OU'MBIS, THURSDAY, JAM ARY 13, 1569.
The Fuel tic Kail Road
This subject la now engaging the attention of
the Federal Senate. We regret to loam that it
moots with such general favor from that body.
Mr. Bigler, rocontly, iu his remarks upon the hill |
in reference thereto, statod that lie was gin'll to
soo that most of the Senators were favorable to
some bill upon that subject—the main point of
controversy being the question of location. Wo
cannot sympathise with the Senator, nor with a
majority of the Senate. The clause or clauses in
the Constitution which are appealed to iu justifi
| cation of the exercise of the power thus claimed
I by Congress, may be invoked with equal perti
nency to warrant Federal aid to any scheme of
internal improMuont which the wildest speculator
may suggest. It is hardly possible that a rail
road can be projected, which would not be an
instrument of facilitation to the postal interests
of the country; yet with the power to establish post,
offices and post roads, it is more than probable
that Congress would regard with contemptuous
ridicule an application fur aid to construct a road
from this placo to Thoinasville. The difference
between the case supposed and the case attemp
ted, is oue of degree only. Either involves no
question of power or principle not embraced by,
and applicable to, the other. Tho idea that the
construction of the proposed road is necesßury us a
inoau* of nutioual defence is entirely fallacious.
It is based upon the assumed apprehension that,
inasmuch as it is against the policy of our govern -
meut to keep up a largo standing army, foreign
Powers, with whom we might he at war, could
eoneontrateupon our woateru coast, a force which
we might And it impossible to repel. Tho as
sumption contradicts the foots of history and the
nature of things. The history of the country de
monstrates that quite h sufficient number of our
people arc ready at all times to enter military life.
The first blast front the bugle of war will summon
to our standard a citizen soldiery, whose numbers
will outrun any acquisition the government iuay
make. There can be do difficulty upon that
point. It must be admitted, also, that if the
present route to our western possesions be circu
itous and difficult, our means of communication
therewith, are infinitely superior to those of any
other nation. The only plea which [can avail the
advocates of the measure is that of convenience.
A 8 a speedy means of .transportation and inter
communication, it would, doubtless, be very con
venient. The same might be uffirmed in respect
to a rock bridge across the Atlantic or a railroad
to the moou. Such considerations, or any others,
can give no warrant to Congress to exercise un
unconstitutional power. But it is said that the
donation demanded, is of wild lands, and is not
in the nature of an appropriation of money. The
argument can .hardly lay claim to sophistry. It
is a distinction without a shadow of difference.—
The lands arc certainly of some value. Wbatovcr
this may be, it is as much an appropriation as if
the same amount had been raised by direct or
indirect taxation. The deficit that remains of tho
amount necessary to the support the govern
ment, lifter the ordinary revenue is exhausted,
must necessarily bo obtained by taxation. It enu
make no difference, therefore, what
jTiUndfl, ur (lit- lend. themselvM all are under
the direction of Congress, to bousod in u consti
tionul manner, and no portion of it cun he devo
ted to any object to which another portion may
not, as properly bo applied. This whole system
of the donation of lands by Congress to railroads,
or for any other purpose, is wrong. The public
lands arc the property of all the States, and Con
gross, as their trustee nr agent, may not usurp the
power of a disposition of thorn by gift. IttsiU
office to see that their proceeds are applied for the
oqual benefit of all the States and not to rosier a
particular enuirpriso in this or that State, or in
one nr tho other section. The moment we weigh
anchor and move from this position, wo are at
sea.nud at the mercy of caprice-the capncc,too,
of a majority whoso interest and aim it is to crip
ple tlie South by a monopoly of all tho common
emoluments and advantages of the government.
Another lluom nnd BruMWlck Mretlng.
Council, in coniiilorntion of tlio foot that the
previous moo ting l.elU in this city on the matter
of tho Macon aud Brunswick Hail Road, em
braced a good many non-residents, perhaps, very
properly declined to make the proposed city sub
script i a the Macon and Brunswick road on
liio authority of its recommendation. Another
meeting was therefore held on Saturday, iu which
Cunccrt Hall was crowded. At the time wo en
tered, being toe huay to .toy, Hon. Thoa. Hards
man was addressing tho crowd- dim Hull and en
try both filled. We understand the recommenda
tion Os a city subscription 0f*200,000 was renew
od with only somewhere about ten or fifteen dis
senting votes. People soom to be very much in
earnest about tho matter.—J/ocon Telegraph.
Montgomery True Blue*.
This admirable corps held its anuual election
for officers at the Armory ou Monday evening last.
The following were elected :
T. Lomax, Captain.
\V. G. Andrew*, First Lieut.
j.T. iloltzclaw, Second Lieut.
J. E. Wyman, Third Lieut.
B. S. Thei**, Fourth Lieut.
The Blues never had a bettor ret of officer, than
the foregoing. Our readers will notice that none
bat citizen, holding the highest social position
have been elected to flit the office, of the compa
ny Col. Tbkt Lomax, who hos boon elected
u , ,|,e Captaincy, is wi.lely known, nut only a. a
gentleman of the highest social accomplishment.,
hut us e writer of groat übility, who hos made hi*
murk in the world of nowspspordom. Asa sol
dier, Ilia intimate knowledge of the cotie mililoree
i, proverbial. Tho Colonel lias “seen service'’ in
Mexico, and lias had eacollont opportunity to
make himself conversant not only will, the!/,cry,
hut the procliet of military matters. I'nder hut
1 direction, drill, and advisement, the lllucs will
! doubtless attain a still higher reputation than the
I enviable one they already possess. Success to
] tliiiin. l ire In J/iYitoir# I—Achtrlittr.
DdUructtVft Fire lu Hiarleslon.
CM vklxstos, Jan. 1), p. in Avery destructive
lire occurred hero to-dny, Chisolm’s Rice Mill and
large warehouse at tho west end of tho city, with
about 80,000 hushele of rough rico wore destroy
ed. The loss of rough rico is about equal to B,fiOO
tierce* of clean merchantable rice.
There wa no insurance on tho rice, and only
SIO,OOO on the .Mill.
Arizona to bo Colonized.
Washington, Jan. 11. —Ihe Mexican ami
Central American Colonization Association, Ac..
has been resolved into tho Arizona, .Mexican ami
Central American Association. It i* uuder*tood
that this Association will be supported by promi
nent Southerners and New Yorker*. It is said
that negotiations are in progress, for further pur
chases, and that the Association have already
purohased certain grants of land in Arizona, and
intend colonizing there.
General Henningsen will probably, thoommsing
spring or summer, take out a large body of men
there, and act as the chief enginoer of the enter
prise.
—• *0- Tax payore. tax Receivers and tax Col
lie'tors will do well U read the laws oopled m
another column.
Mr. Huchannn’s Message London Timex.
President Buchanan’s Message was printed in
lull iu must of the leading English Journals, and
variously commented upon.
The Times says there is nothing in the Message
that can be callod more than usually interesting.
Whether tho C'hiof Magistrate of the United
States discusses domestic or foreign affairs we hear
only what we might bnvo expected, at home ma
terial progress, and abroad visions of territorial
aggrandisement, make up the substance of his
communication. It tiion briefly criticizes its
prominent points, aud says, in regard to external
affairs‘‘‘For u peaceful nation, the United
States are certainly most unfortunate in their po
litical relations. A quarrel with the United Stales
on some subject or other is a matter of course;
without one, a President's Message would road
tamo and meagre. Mr. Buchnnun therefore evin
ces a laudable anxiety to keep one in reserve.
<treat Britain having giveu up the right of search,
Mr. Buchanan pays us many compliments upon
our moderation, but declines to suggest any means
by which Spanish or Buuth American ships, hois
ting the Unitod ritates flag, can bo interfered
with.” It thou refers to Mr. Buchanan's refer
ence to the slave trade and his original proposi
tion for its suppression, and says that his argu
ments in regard to the cession of Cuba arc such
as Hainan might have used, when lie wanted to
purchase the vineyard which was nigh to his pal
ace, aud that it would bo superfluous to point out
the exquisite force of the argument. The Times
then sketches the President's view iu regard to
Mexico aud Central America, and concludes ns
follows :—"lt is evident tliat tho utter docripitudo
of the Spauish race both North and &ou'.h of the
Isthmus is about to lead to the virtual supremacy
of the Anglo-Autericnns iu tho whole of the tropi
cal regious. There is no need of affected moder
ation on their purl, and philanthropy, which few
will credit. The fact is plain enough, that Mexi
co and Central America and the great Spanish
Island will soon bo under their sway, direct or in
direct. For our own part, we see little to regret
in t Introspect, except the extension and perpetu
al ion of slavery in Mexico and the other new ter
ritories. But that the Americans might guin in
the end hy forming Stutes under the equator, wc
do not beliove. The European race becomes not
only uufeehled, but demoralized by a residence
between the tropics, and the republic has already
suffered enough from the men of the Smith. t<>
make it cautious how il turns the Bpamsh main
into the home of American citizens.
The Daily News reviews the message, in con
nection with Mr. Buchanan’s recent letter to th<
committee of the celebration at Pittsburg. It ar
gues that tho President's policy in regard to Cuba
and Mexico is intended as a conciliation to the
South, and predicts that nothing will be done at
present towards the annexation of Mexico.
Removal ol the Semite to tliclr New Hull.
We give below an abstract of the remarks made
in the Old Senate Chamber by Senator Crittenden
and Vico President Breckenridgc, upon the above
oceasiuu. Tho addresses were said to be impres
sive and eloquent, and the effort of the latter,
particularly, possessed great oratorical merit, und
excited a high degree of enthusiasm. It was a
fitting occasion to callup the inspiring memories
of the past. They were leaving the scene oftheir
individual strifes, and the theatre on which the
intellectual giants of the nation, dead and living,
have left their mighty foot prints. The ceremony
must have been as impressive as it was appropri
ate :
Mr. Crittenden, of Ky., moved the adoption of
the report. The parting from this chamber, he
thought, was an event of much solemnity. Many
associations, many of them pleasant and proud
ones, bind ub to this chamber. It hqa. bVkiL ibu
sooao of great events. Omnotnes „e it... i
wTtiiiitthese walla he had seen men whose name
aud fame hud not boon surpassed in Greek or Ro
mau history. There ho had seen Clay. Webster,
Calhoun, Lee. Wright ami others. They seemed
to have left on these very walla the impress of
tlieir Tamo. This majestic dome seems yet lo echo
their voices. There are others, too, whom he
would not designate, for they had not yet tultilled
their political services—but whose names are in
no danger of being forgotten. When Senators
remove lo the New Chamber, they will carry with
them the inspiration of tlieir lllustrous predoeos
sors They will leave behind them no ioltt of
patriotism or attachment to the Constitution.—
Theso our household gods ure carried with us. The
New Hall will bo the scene of the past. There
they will ever remain, the Senate ol tin* United
SI uteri, tho great preservative body oi this great
Union, conserving tho sovereignty of tho Btates
and the integrity of the Union.
The Vice President addressed the Senate, giv
ing historical sketches of Congress at the v arious
-eats ot government, until its location at >N uhli
ington. He then narrated the burning ol tl.e
eapitol by the British Army; the assembling
thereafter of the Cougress in Blodgett's Hotel, on
the site now occupied by the General Post Office;
and finally, the assembling in 1819 iu the preseut
building. He then went into an interesting com
parison of the present character of the .Senate in
the early days of tho Government, and now.—
Then iO was almost wholly an executive body, and
much of its business was transacted with closed
doors—the President often took part in the de
bates. nnd it was not for many years that galleries
wero provided for spectators. He spoke of the
great mission the nation has fulfilled, and is des
tined to fulfil; urged upon Senators a due appre
ciation of the responsibilities resting upon them,
and reviewed the senatorial career of the great
dead, whose achievements ami services in that
Chamber illuminate our history.
\fterfurther remarks, which were listened to
with rapt attention, tho .Senate proceeded in a
oody to the new hall.
AN ACT
To amend tho laws in regard to defaulting tax
pavers, and to prescribe the dnty . x Col
lectors in such oases; to eban<*e i . outh of
Tax Collectors ; to tax th< ma-mger* m Lot
teries in this State, and to prescribe the toilet
ture of the vendors ot lottery tickets in Loti
ries out of this State ami the monuer ol collect
ing the surne. the tax on Insuiance Companies
out of this State, when ugenoies aro establish
ed j n this State, and whore the taxes shall be
paid ; duty of Comptroller General in care of
r>,lirn It it nit airaneii s t-slnb-
pai'i ; ouiy ji vwiu|m
failure; taxon foreign Bank agencies estab
lished in thi* State, and duty ot Comptroller
when they failto mako return* ; explains the
ad valorem system, and what shall be given in
fur taxation, and prescribe* the oath of tax
payers; Railroad Companies required to make
their returns oftaxe* to tho State Treasurer;
time prescribed and the penalty of failurt?; the
Comptroller General directed to employ other
counsel than Attorney General or Solicitors, in
certain cases, by advice of the Governor, and
shall fix tho foes. Tax laws to be digested and
printed: duty of Governor uud Comptroller
therein, to be disCributed to the Receivers and
Collectors of taxes; their duty prescribed, and
their successors in offiee, and their duty.
Sec. Ist. The General Assembly J the State
of Georgia do enact, That from and after the
passage of ibis Act, it shall he the duty of the Tax
Collectors of the several counties In this .State,
alter the fifteenth of August, in each year, to
wareh out, and ascertain as far os possible, a
poll*, professions, free persons of eolor, and all
taxable property not returned to tbe Receiver, or
on bis digest; the Collectors aforesaid shall enter
said default polls, professions, free person* of
color, and taxable property, in a book for that
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COIOr, lIH'l itvAt*"‘ v r* T ‘J ’ “ ~ .
imrooie. and shall assess and collect thereon a
double tax, and shall pay the same into the
Treasury of the State, on their final settlement
with the Treasurer, after deducting double com
mission* for the same, ami shall deposit u copy of
*aid book in the offiee of tbe Comptroller General;
aud that in all suifx against defaulting tax pay
ers, which may be hereafter instituted in this
Htate, unless the .fury are satisfied that the defen
dant lias been guilfy of frudulent intent iu assess
ing the value of his property, he shall not lie held
liable to pay the fine of forfeiture provided for in
tbe eighth section of the Act of Dec. 12th, 1804,
..nai illAMAl.r
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nor any purt thereof.
Br.' - . 2d. Re it further enacted, That in place of
the oath now admlnlitered to Tax Collectors, they
■ball take and subscribe the following oath or af
flrmutlou : 1, A II Tax CulUotor for Ao county ..f
do solemnly sweiir, that I win
faithfully tltooliargethe dulivs required fm hy
law as Tax CWloctor, and that I wil stiareh out
and rnaka a truo rotura of all tlvfault polls, pro
fessions, fro. porsons of oolor. and all tux aide
proporty not found on th. Tax Koooiv.r . Digs.t,
or not returned to the stork of th.Bup.rior Court
hv the fifteenth of August; and that I will pay
over all taxes eollootod by mo, a. required by
U g' gc . ;td. lit it furthrr tnacUd, That eaeh man
airer of any Lottery authorized by the law* of this
plate, shall pay to the Htate Treasurer one thous
and dollar* annually, free of all oosU of oolleotion :
w a In om of fullurt to py th* **ac*, th* suld
PEYTOH H COLQUITT,
JAMES W. WARREN. ifi<Utor,>
Number 3
manager, or his agont, shall be sutyeeted to the
same penalty and collection of Taxes, as is now
provided to [for ?] defaulting banks.
But:. 4th. He it further enacted, That every
agent or other person, selling lottery tickets or
other tickets of chance not authorized by tho laws
of this Btato, be fined one hundred dollars for each
offence, to bo sued and recovered in the Superior
(’marts of this State, in the county where the
agent may reside, or in case of non-residence,
where tho tickets aforesaid are sold ; ono half to
t lie informer, the ot her half to the funds of the
county whore sued.
Htcc. sth, lii it further enacted. That all Insu
rance Companies out of this State, doing business
in this Stale by agents or otherwise, shall pay one
per cent up"ii premiums received; and on fuilure
so to make their returns and payments aforesaid,
said rcturni- to la* made under oath, execution shall
be issued, upon information, by the Comptroller
General, against the managers, agents, or other
person or per.-ons managing or acting for said in
surance c< m) any, for the sum of five hundred
dollars ciH'h. sitbject to the provisions of the act
of tho 19th December 18-17, in relation to default
ing hanks.
Skc. 6th. it further enacted, That the act
approved 3d March, 1856, entitled “an act more
effectually to compel the payment of the legal
tux heretofore imposed on the agencies of foreign
hunks.” be and the same is hereby repealed ; and
in lieu of that act, the provisions of uu act to as
sess and collect n tax for each of the political years
1850, and 1861, and approved 22nd February 1850,
in relation to said foreign hank capital, to be re
enacted with this addition, to-wit : That upon
said failure i > make a return as required by said
act, exeeuth n shall issue for the sum of two thou
satid dollars, by the Comptroller General, upon
information *. • him, one hulf to the informer, the
other half t. the State Treasury.
And where.is, doubts exist among some tax
payers, as I*, what property they are to give in
and pay tux * for, under the present advalorom
system :
Sec. 7tll. Hr it therefore further enacted by
the. avthnriti of the name, That it is the true in
tent and ini” ning of the present law, that bonds,
notes, or olii.'r obligations for money, on persons
in other Stilus, or bonds of the Unitod States, or
of other Stu'cs. or bonds of corporations of other
States, an- shipping ut sea, besides tho other
items mentioned, except lands aud negroes out of
this Btau*. And to insure a more full return of
tho afori .-u\’ <t<ins of property, the following shall
be the oath or affirmation administered to tho Tax
pay t>. •> t it ; “You do solemnly swear, or af
firm. (a* tin* may be) that the account you
now giit to, is u just and true return of all the
taxable property including notes, bonds, ojien ac
counts, or other obligations for money, on persons
in o her Btun*s, or bonds of the Unitod States, or
of tuber Star , or of bonds of corporations or
companies of other States, or shipping at sea,
which you wore possessed of, held, or claimed, on
the First day of April last, or was interested, or
enti led unio, cither in your own right, or in the
right d'any other person or persons whatsoever,
us patent, guardian, executor, administrator,
ag.-nt, truntffi.*, or in any other manner whatao
ev. l, and that it is not worth more than the vaJ
uaioii you have affixed to it, to tho best of your
kr. iwltdge and belief, so help you God.”
■it. StL Ue it further enacted, That tho Sov
cr. L ruil roed companies in this Suite, now or that
m y hercii'u I* he in operation, are hereby re
quired, to make their returns to, and pay to the
Si ite Treasurer, in each year, on or before the
21-t December, vhc hulf of one per cent upon their
in r annual income of said rail roads, 4kn<l upon
failure so to make their returns and payinonts os
ftfoi-esttid, shall be subject to the provisions of the
act of 1817, in relation to defaulting banka.
Sec. 9th. And, That every Express company
and ng husiin - - ;ii this State shall bo liable to pay
|u ns of on** per cent upon the gross amount of
t! r profit for each ami every year, to
u-.uua oy the retinrnq. of Jbp, ,TpjGnn?\
;;; the counties ill the State where such company
1 vc. mi l keep their principal office, and that
•. lenever. upon examination of the tax digestß re
t trnecl or hied in tho office of the Comptroller
;nerai, In- .•‘hull ascertain tbut any Express
t nnpiiuy doing business in this State has failed to
niuki the return as herein required, he shall iin
i .-dimly issue execution against such company,
1 r the sum often thousand dollar o , which sum it
i hercoy declared they shall forfeit to the State
t r such neglect to ho lovied and collected by the
. tariffs <f this State, upon any property of said
mipivny whatever, in the same manner as other
l fas issued from the office ol the Comptroller
(<eiicr.il nww by law ure required to be levied and
c dilee ted. , . ..
Sic- . I“. >f further enacted, That in all
t isuh hereafter, whenever the Comptroller Gen
eral shall consider it his duty to employ counsel,
or an attorney, in the prosecution ot tax claims,
aud the collection of taxes due the State, be may
select any attorney he may wish (except in coun
ties where tho Attorney General, or Solicitors, re
side, then he shall employ them.) upou consulta
tion with, and advice of the Governor, aud they
shall agree with said counsel of attorney, as to
the amount of foe to be paid on each ease.
Pec. 11. And he it further enacted. That the
Governor appoint s&tuo competent person to col
late and digest the tux laws of force in this State,
under appropriate heads, and with a full aud plain
index, which shall be examined, and approved by
tho Governor ami Comptroller General, and then
printed in pamphlet form, and sent to each and
every receiver of tax returns, ami every tax col
lector in this State, when the tax digests aro sent
by the Comptroller Geueral; and the Governor
shall draw his wurrant on the treusury of the
State for huiiis us he may deem a reasonable com
pensation to the compiler, and printer ot said di
gest of Tax laws, and all receivers and collectors
aforesaid, when their terms of office expire, shall
turn over t their successors in office, the said di
gests or pamphlets of tho tax laws, who shall re
ceipt for the same, and in case of failure, in any
case, to turn over the said digests of the Tax
ii • c .1. .1 n/tllAftlAru 11 r n k
enuo, to turn over me sum uigcoia •“ *•*-
laws in the list of the defaulting collectors or Re
ceivers property of taxes, aud the same shall be
paid as other taxes ; the Comptroller Geueral shall
state the price of a copy of the Tax Laws, and
in case the copy of the Tax Laws is torn, rnutl-
I , ted, or defaced, the Collector or Receiver, in
whoso bauds it may happen, shall be held respon
sible for the price of a uew copy, as above direc
ted.
Sec. 12. Repeals conflicting laws.
Approved Dec. 11th, 1858.
No. 20.
An act to make the receivers of tax returns in the
several counties of thi* State hereafter to be
elected, assessors of taxes iu certain cases here
inafter named, and for other purposes.
Whkhkas it is evident that there is a large
umoi nt of projierty owned in this State that is
returned fur below the value thereof, thus depri
ving the Slate of a considerable amount of money
which would otherwise go into her treasury.
rice. 1. He it therefore enacted by tho General
Assembly of the State of Georgia, that from and
immediately after the passage of this act, it shall
he the duty of each receiver of tax returns in the
several counties of this State, to examine carefully,
each return presented to him, and if in his J UI *B“
mi nt he shall find the property embraced in said
return, returned below the value thereof, it shall
lie his duty to asses tho value thereon.
. it . .u .t ft. it hv thn il 11
Sie ms uuiy io , • . ■ .
geo. 2. And be it further enacted by tho au,Mri
tv aforesaid, that in ease the individual making
such return, shall consider the assessment made
by the receiver too large, he shall be permitted to
leave it to throe disinterested persons, one of
whom he shall select, and the receiver shall select
one, and these two shall select a third party, a
majority of whom shall determine the amount of
assessment on the property embraced in said re
re < ii as.wi fitit liv the a fore-
see. 3. And be it further enacted by tbe aiore
suid authority, that ia addition to the oath al
rcudv to be takcu by each receiver of tax returns
in ouch county of this State hereafter to bo elec
ted. that tho following shall be added thereto,
vu . i , of the county of Bta **®*
Georgia, do solemnly swear that I will oarefully
examine ouch and ev'ery return of taxable proper
ty it. thi. Stot. t.ia.1.1 to mo before ,lU K
samo, an.t will, to th. hast ui my .btl.ty, carry
nut the provisionseiiibrae*d in this act.
geo. 4. lit-peals conflicting law..
Approval! Disown her 11th, 1868.
Mkuhanicu’ Bank.—Tho following gontlemm
wcr. olcolotl Directors of tho Mccl.nnlo Hank, on
tho 2>t inst.: T. B. Motonir, Fostor Blmigot, Al
frod Bnkor, J. Panforth, Jus. B. Walker, Jostoh
Sibley, .las. B Bishop, Wm. H. Roberts, and Robt.
C. Kerrr. , . _ , H
At a subsequent meeting of the Board, 1. •
Metcalf, Esq., was re-elected Prosideut, — Aug.
Dispatch, fit A.—
Tor. Wkathkr.—The weather the present wrek
is delightful uud pleasant, but for some time past
it has been rainy and extremely disagreeable, the
water courses are high, and our river hn* JWOIIMj
beyond it* banks, and while we il J* •“
raining. Thus far we have heard #o ajoWjU
caused by the flood of waters.— Albany Patriot,
January fi.
