BY JAS. A. WRIGHT AND HUGH WILSON.
THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE.
TERMS. —Three Dollar* a veariu adrapee.
pr No Snbaeriptiona taken for a Sorter
time than aix mouths.
Lying Abed in the Horning.
I lore to rove in the shady grove.
Where gentle zephyrs are floating;
£ I lore to ait at the festal board,
v Where buckwheat cakes are Hooking. r
t tore to gaae at the gulden'll! are,
Where Sol the West is ad ruing;
But this I love far better than all—
• Toils abed in the morning.
That poets should sing of the joys of Spring,
la not in the least surprising;
But I can’t conoeive why a man should weave
A sonnet to early rising.
.Though F anklin pf old was a sage, I’m told
I can’t go with lfim in scorning
'-the blissful scenes in the land of dreams—
When lying abed in the morning.
J love to He when the sunbeams shy
Come peeping through the curtain l ;
When phantoms bright regale the eight
With visions of coffee and muflios ;
When the bird’s loud trill from the distant hill
a The chorus of nature is joining—
IT there’s ought below can bs- ish woe,
’Tie lying aticff >n the morning.
Let those vhp choose to retire to snooze
When the ducks and chickens arc going,
And rub their eyes when forced to rise
,• At chanticleer’s dismal crowing;
They toose the sight of the gorgeous night,
Q Aud epend their days iu yawning
”1111 midnight damp I’ll burn the lamp,
A»4 lie abed in. tile mol ning.
Tbt Pwsfeiler&ta Constitution -Interest-
V - Disclosures.
As a.piece of historical informa
tion* the letter of Mr. R. Barnwell
Rhett regarding the constrnetiou
of the Confederate Constitution is
both etirioos and valuable.
At the outset the dilemma pre
sented to the Confederate leaders
was this—whether, on the one
hand, to cling as closely as possible
to the old forms and the “old flag”
of the United States, to the ap
proved Constitution, aud to the
familiar divisions and prescribed
scope of executive, legislative and
judicial authority, or to strike out
in some new path, and, essay a
“more perfect Union.” Tho form
er method had the advantage of
familiarity, tradition and long ex
perience; the latter that of bold
necs and independence. However,
the former triumphed. The Con
federate flag was substantially the
old “Stars and Stripes,” with some
stars blotted out and some stripes
obliterated ; the national, State,
tow’n aud county prorogations were
substantially the same as in tho old
Union ; even the phraseology of
laws was little altered, and tie
titles and duties of officers were
pretty much the same. Seinmes
tells us that it was the policy oi
the Montgomery Government, at
the outset,' to “confer the same
rank” on militaty and naval offi
cers who should embrace “the new
service” that they held in the old—
and his own transfer to a “Light
house Board” forthwith was an
illustration of this policy. How
ever, despite the protest of South
ern statesman that they were satis
fied with “the Constitution as it
was,” they did in some particulars
alter that instrument; and Mr.
Rhett, as Chairman of die Mont
gomery Convention, appointed to
frame a permanent Constitution
for the Confederate States, is con
ceded' to have been the author of
the most important part of these
alterations. Hence his present tes
timony is valuable as a contribu
tion to the history of those troub
lous times.
Mr. Rhett declares that it was
the determination of the South to
make the Confederate Constitution
“simply the Constitution of the
United States as the South had
always interpreted its powers, with
only such alterations as would re
move ambiguity.” The first great
question binged on the Govern
ernment’s power to levy taxes and
expend their proceeds. “One party,
chiefly at the South,” according to
Mr. Rhett, held that Congress had
power to levy taxes merely for rev
enue to carry on the Government,
while “the other party, chiefly at
the North,” held that “this power
should be exercised for different
and antagonistic purposes, to pre
vent importations on which taxes
may be collected, and thereby pro
mote and encourage different bran
ches of industry, by giving them
the markets of the United States.”
We do not think this to be an ab
solutely correct statement of the
geographical status of the free trade
THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE.
and protection parties, respectively;
however, it is correct enough for
1 Mr.; Rjbelt’s,panose,, wljieh is to
show Why the* Clause referring to
the subject iu the Constitution was
altered by him. This clause, as
we all know, runs as follows :
“The Congress shall have power
to lay and collect taxes, duties, im
posts ami', excises, to pay the debt
and provide for the common ' de
fence and general welfare of the
United States.”
And what Mr. Rhett did was to
substitute for the purpose here sta
tedrGttife el y j rCV feftfthfcf f
he words “for revenue necessary
to pay the debts and carry on the
Government of the Confederacy”
—which latter appears iu the Con
federate Constitution.
This however, strikes oue as be
ing “the difference betwixt tweedle
dum aud tweedledee because
whatever “misinterpretation” could
be made of the origiual clausA
could certainly he made of tlie
substitute. The latter is quite as
general, quite as ambiguous, and
quite as pregnant with constructive
powers as the former. Mr. Rhett
himself was compelled to add,
therefore, specifically, a provision
that “no bounties shall be granted
from the Treasury,, nor shall auy
ilulk*. or taxes one imporiitUAi'i
from foreign nations be laid to pro
mote or foster any branch of indus
try. This, of course, was effectual
—the coup de grace to protection.
Asa matter of fact, however, tho
heed of South for the moment was
rather to offer a premium on for
eign importations than to levy a
tax on them ; and the provision iu
the Constitution, therefore, became
important, the amount Os foreign
commerce being small. The only
duties were laid by the blockading
squadron, and those were often so
heavy as to kill foreign trade, if
they did not foster domestic indus
try.
Mr. Rhett tells us also the histo
ry of the internal improvement
provision. To the fapiiliar clause
in th£ powers, of Congress, “to reg
ulate commerce wirirforeign nations
and umong the several States and
with the Indian tribes,” under
which a constructive power to ex
pend money for internal improve
ments has been employed, was
added a proviso that tho Confeder
ate Congress “should not appropri
ate money for any internal improve
ment intended to facilitate-com
merce.” And it was provided that
even in furnishing lights, beacons
and buoys, and improving rivers
and harbors, the cost should be laid
“on the navigation facilitated
thereby.”
It was Mr. Rhett, also, who pro
posed making the Presidential term
six years instead of four—a really
sensible suggestion, though, to be
sure, it made little difference as
the case turned out. And it was
he, too, that proposed the well
known provisions for removals
from office by tho President and
for making Cjifistitutifnal amend
ments. Altogether, therefore, this
is, as we have saidj an Interesting
piece of history, and the fact that
the instrument, prepared with so
much care was shortlived, does not
decrease the interest. It shows,
also, that though we hear much
.complaint against “constitutional
tinkering, neither the South nor
the North was quite satisfied to
live under the Constitution as it
was. —New York Times.
T\v6 Plttsbiiflg*girls, who put on
men s clothes, and went out pjipj
evening for a lark, were arrested'
by a policeman as suspected bur
glars, and when he told them they
would have to go to the,-
house "drill' ftAbmit to aW fexfmffnft
tion, they felt bad, as they knewJll
would get out. They finally jump
ed over the fence, and got out of
“them clo’e.”
An old lady said her husband
was very fond of peaches, and that
was his only fault. “Fault, mad
am ?” said omv, “Jkpw x»n you call
that a fault?” “Why, because
there are different ways of eating
peaches; my husband takes them
in the form of brandy.”
Minnie Warren, now in Califor
nia, where she weut to exhibit with.
Tom Thumb’s troupe, cannot live
long.
WftlfES COUNTY, til., FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1869.
SMOKING SPIRITUALIZED., fJ
The following uniquo and beautful
“Meditation on Smoking Tobacco,” I
was written, two hundred years ago,
by Rev. Ralph Erskine, of Scotland.
It is like good wine that improves
with age: '' ‘ ’
Tbia Indian weed now withered quite,
Tho’ green at noon, cat down at night,
Shows thy decay ;
is '^ y ’. ' r 7
Thus think, and fcmwke tobacco.
The pipe, so lily like and weaV,
Does thus thy mortal state bespeak.
Thou art ereu Mich,
Gone with a touch,
Thus think, and smoke tobacco.
And when the smoke ascends on high,
Then thou behdld’st the vanity
Os wor’dly stuff,
Gone with a puff,
Thus think, and smoke tobacco.
And when the pipe grows foul within,
thy soul defiled with sin,
» -For their ifce fire
t doe^Vequtr^,
Thus think, and smoke tobacco.
And seest the ashes castaway,
llie%to UiyaeM thou mayst say,
That so the dust
Return thou roust,
Thds think, aad snroke tobacco.
< ' MATERIALISM.
The Views of Charles Dickens.
Mr. Charbee In tho course
of bis inaugural address at tho recent
opening of tho Rriuiitigbatn and Mid
land Institute, observed: |
It is much toe-commonly assumed
that this , ago is a material ago, am)
that a material ago is an irreligious,
age. I have.beou pained lately toso 0
llrfshsstil’iption repeated in certain in- 1
flucntial quarters. Pconfess that 1
do not understood that much-used and
much-abused phrase;“a, material ngc.”
I, cannot eoHtprohentba.if anybody
cun, which I .very much doubt—itb
logical eiguificatieu. For instance,
has oloci’lqity ■Mo'une the more mate
riahra the mind'of any* Hand, or mode*
ratcly sane—[laughter]—mtfft,:. wo
man, or child, because! in tho diefoove
ry that in tho good providence of God
jt was made available for the servico
and uso of mftn to an itnmeasunibly
greater extent than for his destruc
tion? Do I make a material journey
to tho bedside of my dyiug parcnt or
child when I travel thither at tno rate
of sixty miles an hour than when I
travel thither ut tho rate of six?
Rather, in the swift case, does not my
agonizing heart become ovorfraught
with gratitude, to that supreme benef
icence.- worn which alone can have
proceeded tho wonderful menus of
Shortening my suspense? What is;
tho materiality of tho cable and the
wire compared to tho immateriality of
tho spark ? What is tho materiality
of certain chemical substances that I
can weigh or measure, imprison or re
leaSd^compared witli the immateriali
ty of their appointed affinities and re
pulsions prescribed to them from the
instant of their Creation to the day of
judgment? When did this so-called
material age begin ? With tlio use,of
clot hiug? Willi tb© discovery of the
corrtpals? With the invention of the
art of printing? Surely, it has been a
long time about Which, is the most
material object—tho farthing tallow
candle that \vill not give me light, or
the flaming gas that will? [Cheers.]
Now don’t let us bo discouraged or
deceived by vain, vapid, empty words.
Tho truq material ago is tho stupid
Chinese * age, in which no now and
grand revelations of nature are grant
ed, because they are ignorantly and
insolently repelled, instead of being
diligently and humbly sought.—
[Cheers.] The difference between the
antique fiction of tho made braggart
defying the lightning and tho modem
historical picture of Franklin drawing
it towards its kite, in order that he
might’ more profoundly study what
"was Bet before him to study, (or it
would not have been there,) happily
expresses to irfy mind tlie difference
between our much maligned material
sages and the certaihly, in one sense,
very immaterial sages of the Celestial!
Empire school, Consider where it is '
likely or unlikely; natural or unnatu
ral, reasonable or unreasonable, that
*l, being capable of thought and find
ing myself surrounded by such dis
covered wonders on every hand,
should ask myself the question some-1
times.ir.and myself the solemn j
contfdSration, “Can these things be j
among those which might have been j
disclosed by I]ivine lips nigh upon j
two thousand years ago, but that the
people of that‘time could not bear
them ? ” But, whether that be so or
ncfff’lcbefng So surrounded on every
hand, is not my moral responsibility
tremendously increased thereby, and
with it my intelligent submission of
myself,'as a child of Adam and dust,
before that shining squrce equally of
all that ia granted and all that {e with
held, who holds in His mighty hand
I tljjo unapproachable mysteries- of lifd
[wgUlpath? Let mo give
the students of the industrial, classes
generally a short motto in two words,
“ Courage, persevere.” Ido not give
them tltit motto because the eyes of
Europe ju’o upon them, for I do not in
the least believe it—-[laughter]—nor
because the eyes of upon
them, for Ido not in the least believe
that either; nor befcauso their doings
will be proclaimed with blast of
trumpet at the.street corners, for no
such musical will take
place—[lau/mCjlrJ—nor because self
improvmede'fl at alFcertaiu to load to
wordly success hut simply because it
is good and-right Os itself, and, there
fore, will assuredly bring with it
its own resources and its own re-
I would fbrther commend
to them a very wise und witty piece
of an the conduct of tho understand
ing, which was given moroYhan half
a century ago by the Rev. Sydney
Smith —wisest |t>d wifliest of the
fYiends I« have lost. Speaking to a
circle of voluntary students he says:
“ There is a piece of fbpbery which is
to be guavdod against, tl\o foppery of
universality, of kuowiug sciences,
of excelling in all arts—chemistry,
mathematics, algebra, dancing, histo
ry, reason, riding,,fencing, lbw Dutch,
high Dutch, and natural philosophy.
In short, tho modern precept of edu
cation very oftotHs—take tho Admi
ral Chriehton fbryour model, and bo
ignorant of nothing. My advice, on
the contrary, is to have the courage
<to bo 'ignorant of a great number of
things, in order ijiat you may avoid
the calamity of being ignorant of
everything. [Cillers and daughter.j
To this 1 would superadd a little
truth, which lioldt/cqually good of my
own life, and the lib c/ evf rv eminent
innn I have evei l know*!. The «,no
serviccal 10, safe, certain, retnunora
tivo, attainable quality iu every study
and iu every pursuit, is tho quality of
attention. JUy inumtion or imagtna-'
tiou, such as it is, I. n tn<>s t t rut lift'd -
ly assure you wouldpc’fot’ haVc served
mo as it has but for the habit of com
monplace, hUmbV patient, daily toil
ing, drudging attention. • [Appl a use.]
Genius, vivacity, quickness-.^!'percep
tion, and brilliauw in the’ association
of Ideas—such mental qualities, like
i-'V- >f D-.-. fjwffirto'n r.f ttee
armed head vn Macbeth, will not be
commanded; but attention, after due
term of submissive service, always
will. Like certain plants which the
poorest peassnt may grow on tho
poorest soil, it can bo cultivated by
any one, and it is certain in its good
season to bring,forth flowers and fruit.
[Applause.] I cannot but reflect how
often you have probably heard within
these walls ono of tho foremost men
and certainly one of the best (if not
the very best) speakers in England.
[Cheers.] I could not say to myself,
when I began just now in Shake
speare’s line, “I will ho bright aud
shining gold’’—[laughter]—bnt I
could and did say to myself, “ I will
boas easy and as natural as I possi
bly can, because my heart has long
been in my- subject, and I bear an old
love towards Birmingham and to
wards Birmingham men and women.
The ring I now wear was a Birming
ham gift, and if by rubbing it I could
raise the spirit that was obedient to
Aladdin’s ring, I assure you that my
first instruction to tho goni on the
spot would bo to place himself at Bir
mingham’s disposal in tho best of
causes. [Cheers ]
A Summaut or Mb. Pbabobt’s Bbne
faOtioks.—Tile following summary of bis
In-lie factions is the beat and most eloquent
eulogy that we cau pronounce upou his
lile :
To the Institute at Baltimore...sl,4oo,ooo
To the Institute»t Danvers 200,000
To the poor of London 1,750,006
To the Southern Educational
Fund.... 2,500,000
To the Harvard University 150,000
To Yale College 160,000
To Washington College 60,000
To other object* 8n6,000
Mak'ng a total of.' $6,596,000
To ibis amount should be added the
principal fortune of $1,400,000, which was
distributed among his relatives during his
second visit to. the United States, making a
grand total of $7,996,00 distributed by him
during his lifelime in amounts of noticea
ble size. While so free and open-handed
in his public benefactions, however, in pri
vate charities he was far Outdone by others.
He appeared to regard hirneelf as the trus
tee of an immense fund for the benefit of
of common humanity, but chose to bestow
hit charity in a way that would bring forth
great and noticeable results; and conscious
that be did his fall duty in this respect, left
to others of n different temperament the
alleviation of iudiudoal cases of suffering
and distress.
’• : AGRICULTURAL ITEMS.
It is said that cattle around Dalton,
Georgia are dying off by scores with the
raarrain.
Ti&ur, mingled with whitewash applied
to tSft-interior of a hen-house, at the rate
of one 'gill to a pailfoll, it ia said will dis
perse tb| lipe. < *
Cattle cflsepse has appeared at Shrews
bury, Ma<9.- -'The bronchial tubes of the
Slaughtered animals were found filled with
thread-like worms.
It pays to mate a cow comfortable in as
many respecta asjjassiy** v 'Every hour
she suffers from any cause, ttfe.-qjjlA t,d~
count suffers correspondingly.
Forty thousand beef'cattle, bound north
have crossed the Brazos river, at Waco
Texa9, the present season ; four thousand
crossed in two successive days.
farmers hi MitiPesola are paying twen
ty-four per tent, interest for money to hold
their wheat, not wishing to take eighty or
eighty-fire cents a bushel fur’.it.
The farmer who stints his fields, is as un
wise and improvident as he who starves his
working cattle—in both cases he is dimin
ishing the ability of a faithful servant to be
useful lo him.
The Ohio Farmer estimates the corn
crop in Northern Ohio will not be more
thun one third an average, with half a crop
of fodder, and that the whole State will
not yield more thau half a crop.
It is an cxe,ellcnt plan to keep a lump of
common chalk iu the feeding trough con
stantly, nfter the calves are a month old ;
this will correct the acidity of the stomach
and have a tendency to keep them in a
healthy state.
A farmer residing in DeWilt, Clinton
-county, raised 212 bushels of wheat'on six
and one-half acres of ground in 1868, and
on the same field in 1869 lie raised 200
bushels, or an average ot 31} bushels to
the awe for each year.
A’ company Ims been fo;tned*Yn New
York lo bring yfcsli ment to that market
fvom Texas, Tli(S entire hold of the ves-
B&liis luicdjgilb hou-conducting felt; and
liy cHetniCil menns acold below the freez
ing will be lo’j’l tip.
Milton Merrifield, of Providence, caught
fifty-two rats in one night, by excbapgntg j
a barrel of oats that bad been often yisitod,
by rats for one of wa*?r, covering the sur
face with chalf. The “varmiuts” unsus
pectingly pitched in, and met a watery
grave. This is au old but excellent trap
where these animals are plenty.
A correspondent of the Dixie Farmer
gives a report of the sex of the calves
raised on his dairy farm this year. The
bull used was a two year old Alderney.
The cows were of different grade.—Twen
ty eight cows produced 15 males and 13 fe
male calves; 12 heifers brought nine mules
aud three female calves.
At the meeting of the Social Science
Association, in Albany, New York, the fol
lowing statement was made ; in New York
alone, %82,000,000 worth of mdat annual
ly is consumed, besides 83,000,000 pounds
of butter, valued at $33,000,000 ; 72,000,
000 pouuds of cheese, valued at $14,000,
000—a total of $79,000,000.
An Arab proverb conceroing the horse
was; ‘'The first seven years for my young
brother, the next seven for myself, and the
last for my enemy.” So (ar as this recom
mends light usage during the youth of a
horse it is worthy of acceptance; but the
period of full strength and activity is made
too short, if the horse is well cared for.
The United States produced twenty-five
millions worth of cheese, and a hundred
millions of butter last year.
A correspondent of the Farmers’ Club
Warns people agamst feeding the rhubarb
plant to hogs; he lost several by doing it.
All plants grow stronger and ripen bet
ter when the air circulates freely around
them, and the sun is not prevented fromau
immediate influence.
It is easy lo equal any fancy bred cow
with a native as a milker, but if the dnugli
ter of the native is as good a cow, it is an
accident, not so in thoroughbred stock.
A wiiteriu the Country Gentleman re
commends fastening cows’tails to the joints
overhead in the barn where milking is
done, by means of a cord and book made
of wire.
Many English farmers feed no hay to
their woik horses, but keep them in high
working order with straw, roots, and shorts.
The equivalent of 12 tons of hay can be
produced on one acre in roots,
A writer in the American Stock Journal
says that costiveness and its accompanying
evil ere ‘he main cause of tows destroying
their young, and that green and other pro*
per food is the preventative and cure.
Good implements are indeed indispensa
bie to success, and he who lias ptovided
thorn will not only have great pleasure in
his labors, but the profits which attend the
judicions application of both time and
labor.
It is estimated tbat there are over 12,
000,000 head of cattle in Texas alone, but
prior to the war that State only contained
8,000,000 head. The demand ceased and
the cattle throve during the conflict, until
hey have increased enormously.
THE KING OF DIAMONDS.
1 it seems as though., after a
three centuries, Sir Walter Raleigh’s
dreams of an El Dorado were about
to bd realized.
The other day we published an ac
count of marvellous discoveries of
diamonds in South Africa. They
had been found for miles along the
banka of the Orange and the Vaal
rivers. They were not only abun
dant, bui they were, many of them,
of great size. Some were found of
thefff'dandaloque shape and of the
first water, weighing upwards of
eighty carrots; others of the octahe
dron,* - er four-pointed, that weighed
upwards of thirty carats; and of the
smaller varieties immense numbers
had beqn picked up on the surface
of tho ground. Naturally South
Africa was in a ferment. Elephant
tusks were forgotten, and every one
was hunting forr .precious stones.
The infection had oyen extended to
this country, and j)r. Hall was orga
nizing a colony to-go diamond hun
ting. But now con/fe reports from
Australia of discoveries there which
far eclipse those in South Africa.
Telegrams have come flying from the
Australian mines to England big
enough to make the diamond mer
chants hold their breath with aston
ishment. The glittering stones have
been picked up in such quantities
that, says the London Times, in a lead
ing artiole on the subject, “the colo
nist are all dreaming of precious
stones. At every table and iu every
railway carriage the talk is of dia
monds and rubies, odals and emeralds
pearls and topazes-, and people of all
ranks are rushing to the mines. Gen
uine diamonds arq on sale by women
and children at every cottage, and
there can hardly be a mistake, we
should think about the nature of the
stones.
This is marvellous enough in all
conscience, but this is not half the
story; the rest of it smacks of the
Arabian, Nights’ Entertainments, and
Sinbad the jailor’s adventures In the '
great diamond valley,to which ho'
flew on the back of a mighty bird.
And this latter and wonderful half
we must preface with the statement,
familiar doubtless to many of our
readers, that the increase in value of
the diamond is vastly greater in pro
portion than its increase in weight.
A stone weighing one carat, for in
stance, might be worth fifty dollars;
but one weighing five carats would
be worth two thousand. Imagine,
then, the value of one as big as a
lemon and weighing three-quarters oi
a pound. Such a one is said to be
found in Australia. Its discovery
has been telegraphed to England. It
was placed in the hands of a trust
worthy man. He was surrounded
by a strong cordon of military, and
was marched in this way from the
mines to Sydney, where the magnfi
cent gem was deposited in the mint.
The stone has not yet been thorough
ly tested. Geologists are at work
upon it now; but if it really proves
to be supposed, its value will be al
most fabulous. Its weight is 900
carats. The greatest English dia
mond, that pride of the British Em
pire, the Koh-i-i oor, weighs but 186
1 carats, aud its computed by the tables
1 in use, would be a hundred millions
in gold. But of course, this value
■ would in any event be imaginary,
1 since no purchaser could be found
1 with a hundred millions to spare for
a diamond, even if it was as big as a
lemon.
Since the organization of the
order of Odd Fellows iu this coun
try, in 1830, up to and including
1869, the amount of revenue re
ceived by the order has been s3l,
324,014.43. The receipts from
1860 to 1869 amounted to $13,111,
133 —an increase over the prece
ding ten years of but $159,000.
Tho amount of relief afforded, as
appears by the records of the order,
from 1830 to 1869, was $13,775,
030.42; and the number of mem
bers initiated 880,259. The ten
years between and including 1850
and 1859 were the most prosperous
tho order has ever known in this
country.
Samuel Bowles says ;—The Colorado
wheat makes a rich hearty flour, bearing a
creamy golden tinge; and I have eaten po
where else better bread than is made from
it. The wheat will rauk with the very
best that America produces, and is more
like the California grains than that of “the
States.”
VOL IV-N 0 27
« > Grecian Wives.
. The wives of the Greeks lived in
almost absolute seclusion. They
were usually married when- very
youjlg. Their occupations were to
weave, to spin, to embroider, to su
perintend the household, to care for
their sick slaves. They lived in a
special and retired part of the house.
The more wealthy seldom weak
abroad, and never except when ac
companied by a female slave; never
attended the public spectacles; re
ceived no male-visitors except in tho j
presence of their husbands, and had
not even a seat at their own tables-■
when male guests were there. Their
pre-eminent virtue was fidelity,, and
it is probable that this was very
strictly and very generally observed.
Their remarkable freedom from temp
tations, the public feelings which
strongly discouraged any attempt to
seduce them, and the ample sphere
ior illicit pleasures that was aaeorded
to the other sex, all contributed to
protect it. On the other hand, liv
ing as they did, almost - exclusive
among their female slaves, deprived
of all the educatitig influence of
male society, and having no place at
those public spectacles which,, ware
the cheif means of Athenian culttiro,
their minds must necessarily h.ave
been exceedingly ,co,gir% ted, Thu
cydides doubtless expressed the pre
vailing sentiment of his countrymen
When he said that the highest merit
of woman is not to be spoken of
either for good or for evil, and Phi
dias illustrated the same theory when
he rep resented ( the hcavenjy Aprodite
standing on a tortoise, typifying
thereby the secluded life of a virtu
ous woman.
In their own restricted sphere
their lives were probably not unhap
py. Education and custom rendered
the purely domestic life. that was as--., .
siglifd tp them a second nature,-
it must, in most.. instances, have's|jMP
onciled them to the extra matrimoni
al connections in ,w Inch their hus
bands too frepueatly
prowwUng manners were^jj|^<ggb^ u '
spoken of; the husband lived chit
in the publio place 1 ; causes of je.
ousy and of disseiition could seidoq
occur, and a feeling of warm affecijoß
though not a feeling of equality,
must doubtless have in most eases
spontaneously arisen. In the writ
ings of Xenophpn we have a charm
ing picture of a husband who had
received into his arms his young wife
of fifteen, absolutely ignorant of the
world and its ways. ,He speaks to
her with extreme kifidness, hut in
the language that would be used to 4
little child. Her task, he tells her is
to be like a queen bee, dwelling con
tinually at home and superintending
the work of her slaves. S)ie must
distribute to each their tasks, must
economize the family incomeand must
take especial care that the house is
strictly orderly—the, shoes the pots
and the clothes, always in their places.
It is also, he tells her, a part of her
duty to tend her sick staves; bnt
here his wife interrupted him, ex
claiming, “Nay but that will iudqed
be the most agreeable of my ofiteeft.
if such as I treat for my kindness are
likely to be grateful, and to love me
more thau before.” \Yith a very
tender aud delicate care to avoid
everything resembling a reproach, l
the husband persuades his Wife so
give up the habit of wearing high
heeled boots, in order to appear tall, *
and of coloring her face with Ver
million and white lead. He promises
her that, if she faithfully performs
her duties, he will himself be the
first and most devoted of her slaves,
lie assured Socrates that, when, any .
domestic dispute arose, he could extri
cate himself admirably/ if he was in
the right; but that whenever Ke was
in the wrong, he found it impossible
to convince his wife that it was other* -
wise.— Appleton’s Journal,
Which will you do—smile aad
make your household happy, or be
crabbed, and ma&e all those young
ones gloomy, and the elder ones
miserable ? The amount of hap
piness you can produce is inoalcu*
lable if you show a smiling face, a
kind . heart and speak pleasant
words. Wear a pleasant counte
nance; let joy beam in your eyes,
and love glow on your forehead.
There is no joy like that which
springs from a kind act or a pleas
ant deed ; and you will feel it at
night when you rest, at morning
when you rise, and through the
day when about your business.
