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T3a<e Oeoaegia 'W'eekly Teleg raph, and. Journal <fe Messenger.
Telegraph and Messenger.-
MACON, DECEMBER 14,
Political Effect of the Fifteenth
Amendment.
A oonversatien with a prominent citizen of
this State, a (few days 'ago, who recently had a
long talk with Moses iH. Grinnell, .Collector of
Customs at New Work, and other Republican
leaders, gave-ns some insight into-the reaWe-
signs and desires of that party, >in pressing
with so much energy and audacity *the ratifica
tion of the pendinglfifteenUi Amendment
It will be remembered‘that that amendment
establishes universal suffrage In Hie United
States, withont reference to race,--color, or pre
vious condition. Its .ratification'Would open
the ballot-box, (therefore, to the negroes of the
North and West, as well as the-South, and add
largely to Radical majorities instates where
the vote is now dose. Mr. < Grinntfl told the
gentleman above 'referred to, that it was espe
cially intended’to- secure- the- votes of the great
States of New Yotk, ©hio and RemiSyivania, in
perpetuity, to tho'Radical party—that with it
ratified, that party-could rely -on an addition of
forty thousand -votes in-New'.York, twenty-eight
or thirty thousand-in 'Pennsylvania aoQ forty
thousand in Ohio to (their-strength, asal that
with these Statessecured, they could oount, with
almost absolute-certainty, on power for at'least
twenty years to come.
So far as the-South was concerned, -these
leaders did not expect,-they-said, to-isacure
more than a temporary * success down-, hero.
Grinnell said that the-South -would-ultimately
be Democratic, and -would, continue so. *He
expected nothing else thanlBemocratio-rulo in
all the Southern States, not-even excepting
Sonth Carolina ftnd'Mteatesippi. ’ In reply -tc*c
remark, with reference to the propagation of
Radical ideas at the Sonth by means of a “loysfi”
press, he said that,-while he<wcs willing to eon-
tribute from his own private purse as much as,
$10,000 towards establishing a’Rsdical paperin
Georgia, he know 4t would be. money wasted,
and that nothing could result - hut failure. He
said that, though the leaders o54he Sonth were
disfranchised as to -office, they -were not, and
could not be debarred from talking and writing,
and that their influence was obligad to be pow
erfully felt—enough -so at least, io-cecure every
result they desired. 'In short, ‘Mr. Grin
nell evidently considered the 'South a “lost
ban.”
We believe these viewsare tboseefthe think
ers cf the Radical party,-the men -who furnish
its brains and shape its coarse. lAnd we And
much encouragement iujtiiem,eyen allowing that
their hopes of national supremacy are-realized.
With the South Democrat*;, welded Into a com
pact mass, and moving as-a unit towards tho
fulfillment of her glorious-destiny, we can se
cure, peace, order, and prosperity at homo, and
most respectful consideration-.from other sec
tions. •• When the West grappies with theJ2ast,
as she surely will, some day,.oa questions that
touch the pockets, and not-tho .passions and
prejudices-cf their people,-the-Sonth-caa-and
will make her own terms. ;Sbe -can put iher
own price nppn her alliance. 'TieUnion. may
stand, while t^ce endures, and ;the great ques
tions settled by the war agaenstitbe South rest
undisturbed in their graves forauer, bnt still
time will bring us these and more driumphs^=-
The South is bound yet to be the arbiter, of this
country’^ destines. Let the pessimist whose
eyes, owl like, blink at tho radiance of-the com
ing dawn, close -them if he wiS. The day is
epeeding on when to refuse to tee it will not
only be imbecile but impossible.
“ J 1.■*• ■
The. Next Cekses-—The Conriee-ffoxrnal’s
Washipgton special -qtfUednesday stye that the
new census bill among-o'.her things provides for
a general,superintendent and census boreaa, to
be located at Washington. It provides that the
census, instead of being token by the United
States Marshals, a: heretofore, shall be pf.aood
in charge .o£_ district superintendents in each
Congressional district, to he appointed by the
President. - Each district snj^rinteedent is em
powered to employ as many enumerators as may!
be necessary,to take the eensmj. within the time
fixed by the .bill, between the*.lct and 80th of
June. Provisions are made in.-tho bill for a
more. careful^ollcction of all thafnets regard
ing the commercial, 8gripul(bral„pianufaetnr-
ing, mining, fishing, and indeed all.the indus
trial and material;interests. Statistics are to'be
gathered regarding educational; religious, re
formatory and criminal matters, And.ev<erything
that affects society.
In regard to the apportionment of represent
ation, ihe committees tjeave left the number .of
representatives blank, although the number-of
three hundred was talked of. This, ft was esti
mated, would give one, representative for eyery
133,000 inhabitants, the pjpsent number bqiqg
one for every 128,000. ’ ^
At the la to army reunion General Sheridan-
addressed his comrades thus: “I cant make a
speech, bnt if you want me to tear up a railroad
or bom a haystack when the enyny is going to
get it, and,—and—and—.Atkl he ’and-ed
himself back into Ha seat. ‘ * V
The reason of afltois is plain. ^Neither that
crowd nor the world in general pe«Js any assu
rance of Sheridan’s disposition and powers as
an incendiary. In the way of tyranizing over
women and children, btnrninghous.es and barns,
destroying household and kitchen furniture,
stealing stock, and breaking np .plantation
utensils, Sheridan is the most valiant hero,the
world ever saw.
The Legislature and the Gmcus.—The
Ethiopia dignity of the Sonth Carolina Legisla-".
tore was thrown off its equipoise the other day:
by the arrival of a circus in Columbia* The
strains of martial music were too much for
Sambo, and thereupon De Large, the colored,
leader of the House, rose and addressed that
body as-fallows; “Mr. Speaker, de Circus bab
arrove and.dar fore I moves dat we adjourn”—
which was gone accordingly, likewise, neverthe
less and notwithstanding.
The.Missis5i??i Legislative.—Ames? bay-
onets did their ..work thoroughly, judging from
the complexion of this body. Ont of thirty-
three Senators the ^Radicals elect twenty-six, to
three Democrats, with jive districts to hear from.
In the House, the.Democrats only elect seven
members, to seventy-onejladicals, with twenty-
three counties to hear froap.
The Floridian says that -ilr. A. M. Ferrel,
who is fishing at Mash's Fishery on the Ocko-
lockonee Bay, caught at one haul with a seine
a few few days ago one hundred and forty bar
rels of fish, (mullet) all of which he saved and
sold, netting hipa about $000. Estipiating 225
to a barrel there vere 315,000 fish in the seine.
This is the largest .catch we have heard of on
. the Gulf coast.
. -■ y
A Washington special to the Courior-Joumal
of Wednesday says there is a better feeling
among Congressmen on financial matters and a
universal opposition to precipitating specie pay
ments. Legislation for a more equal distribu
tion of the currency, and to increase the Na
tional Bank note volume, is very generally fa
vored.
The Presbyterian Church.—The' Presbyte
rians of Chicago held a jubilee meeting in that'
city last Sunday over the successful re-union of
that d<smmination in the North. No mention,
that we observe, was made of that small branch
ff the family left out to tite cold down South,
rHOl For the Sonth.
Under -'this »head,--theUBridgeport (Conn.)
Parmer remarks that public sentiment at the
Gonth has experienced a change on -tho subject
of diversified'labor that is destfced-to render
that section tho most prosperous-of any portion
of.our country. tFonnerly-they preferred to pay
the profits-on manufactured products and the
-«09t 6f transportation, -rather'than-encourage
•the aftizan at' bome. All their energies with
slave labor- were^directed to the Cultivation of
those rich products of the soil, such as cotton,
rice and-sugar, : for which their seotioa enjoys a
monopoly. * From the reeent speedruf General
Wade'Hampton at tod-Georgia Stoto Fair, as
-well as-frem-every representative- ; of public
opinion, we-perosive 1 that the people- ace alive
to their true-interest,'thatfof enoourog-ng not
•onlythe cultivation of' their old staples, bnt of
every other-product-for which theirisoil and cli
mate are peenlhtrly-fcdapted.
"Every portion fof the South produces com
equal to'thd'West, a*a some sedtioes-rproduce
the best Wheat’ in’thia country.' These ns no
sectien.- so rich in natural 'advantages -as the
Southern States. ' Almost everything- that is
grown- in- the Northern or - Western States can
be produced there,-and beside' their ••Soil and
climate,'they are rich in valuable tludber—the
hard pine, every variety-of the oak, eflhj <P°P-
lar and other woods—aad- along the AEtegfcanies
from-VI*ginia to Alabama is probably the widh-
est section of’the worid-for the varie&yr-of-its
minerals. Coal, iron, g&3,- zinc, marijleA-tad
lime have (been developed, in a rude; stove labor
wayj.for-many years. •-Skilled labor• khreotol
with aeienoe and capital **© nowturnisg their
attention to -this region. Bnt perh^js* -the
greatest Advantage ’ the-’ South possesses rover
every other-eeation of-.osuvwast country da—its
water power, scattered >ekcost everywhere
throughout the hilly sections -of the inferior.
True, there -arc localities, •elqpg. the coast -.neat
swamps and.-stagnant- wiie-E -ecorses, that are’
sickly. ‘ But the whole interior and hilly, sec
tions are njore-tfree from local-diseases and epi
demics than thff$Torth or West.. Iapropor^on,
do the poputoiaofrmore old persons can be foutd,
throughout ttie-feoutk than iatftny ether section.
We Iearn-tfeert-in many of oojrOities.organiea-
diona of colonies are being format!, with a view
•ai exploring- the-'Southern States, -and- of estafe-
‘iishing at suitable (localities the nncizas of man
ufacturing, towas aad cities. These. combina
tions among arfisans-pf differeert-ceRIngs.te a
much more senrible.-juode .of improwing their
condition than tradesvunions to coerce .higher
wages, i The contributions reqnined.to.support
strikes,-if applied to-sending delegate* to spy’
ont thqrfertiler fields, and inviting opportunities
awaiting- their embrace, would enable, many
families,H£ow. struggling-.for existeaieetXn. • the
cnowdethKertb, to become in de pendent a few
years krthe sunny- Souths where now • thi.ro is
no class sc welcome cs.tbe manafactause& and
the skilled laborer.
The iluaiiaicaMaud HaytlMt.
The .pending propositSon-tor the auiseyriinn
of the Republic of San: Pomtogo is attracting
some inqniry into thecoudition of the pepple-of
that Island. ;¥ur regard the.pcaposition to an
nex San Domingo as substantially including
Hayti; for itis.ysry improbablqrihat the United
States Government .would long tolerate sneh.a
neighboring people as the -Hay^iens in a. state
of indepeudehce^which-means, -so- far as they,
are concerned, .a.state of anarchyi&nd lawless
ness. The oo«iapetiqp of San Dopajsgo, there
fore, necessarily, invehres the conquest and sub
jugation of tiw jest «f-the Island.
The Washington correspondent oC tbo Journal
gf Commerce has,condensed from the copious
dispatches of Admiral,Porter, to. Secretory Ban-
•flteft in 184C socae.interscting notes.npon the
condition of the people-imthat lsland. ;17e add
prfew extracts:
gjcz DoMiNiCAxr.«-Jf good order, a contented
community, and the absence of crime,, be the
requisites for constituting a good government,
thep -these people are eminently.qualified to
govern themselves, though must say that
their political economy .Is of ajrery.low order.
They seem filled with a-desire to improve,, bnt
have .no system of education.or .other aids to
their aims. They have very few police, and:
their jails are almost empty, except when occu
pied by.prisoners of war. A mule&nad of dol
lars is .frequently sent front-one town to another 1
in .charge,qf a muleteer, without a ,receipt for
fr and withico guard. This .state of cociety is
the more wonderful, because the inhabitants are
extremely pear. Male portion all soldiers.
The women ;lkw© in a state of happy idleness.
Even if work was to" be had, the cnervatiog in
fluence of the .climate would not dispose them
to be ioduatrious- * * . * ■*
Have ceen.all the sonth side, and crossed.oxer
all that part of the mountains inhabited. The
population is lepp tjtan is reported by the gov
ernment. . It is not generally as white as -is.
represented. The people are very kind and. I ■
might travel with any amount of money in per-.
feet safety. They are veiy poor, and I have
seen much miaery-; I have been withoat food
thirty hours; being unable to obtain it, and have
lost at times the little provender I had in swim
ming rivers, over which (here were no bridges.
All here seemed animated with an earnest de
sire to become united with the United States,
and consider that the only wav of getting rid of
fhe 'troubles to which Ihe Haitians are continu-
aPy subjecting them. They are ignorant and
uneducated, and possess none of the refine
ments of civilized life. Thetofeest houses are
pot .comparable with those of -the lowest me-
ohanlcs’in onr country, but they-do not pretend
to anything but good order and tranquility, and
extohd-titeir hospitality with a grace that civil
ization, cannot imitate.
When i’orte' Plata is reached, I will have
traveled ^50 miles, and have had a good chance
to observe the population, their habits and the
resources of the island. I have been over twelve
counties, stopped at twenty towns and villages,
visited every jitjTe settlement that I heard of,
and crossed most of the principal rivers. I have
been domesticated,ipth people of every class.
The opinion I have expressed in favor of the
policy of recognizing'their independence is am-
changed. Though me inhabitants are not all
white, yet the number.of blacks is small com-l
pared with the whites acjl mulattos. They poe- ;
sees nearly all the elements of a respectable na
tion, and give great evidences of future im
provements.
So much for the Doroinlo$C3, who are report
ed to be nearly all whites and mulattos. Of the
Haytien negroes he gives a horrible report,
from which we take the following.:
Tp Happens,—Arrived at Fprt an Prince
in time.to draw a comparison between the Do
minicans and -Haytiens. The latter are hard
ened and cruel. President Riche, who is mem
orable for hayingput to death his wife and chil
dren because they were mulattoes, marched
with 20,000 men.to the south to orush out a re
bellion, which he did, bnt not until the negroes
had committeed the most horrid cruelties upon
the mulattoes. All the tortures that human in
genuity .could devise w®te applied to their vic
tims. The greatest puni^iment inflicted upon ;
any of the guilty parties was to make them!
serve in the army.
The morals and intellect are very bad in
Hoyti. Religion is only known by tradition,
and industry scarcely known at aJL The beau
tiful valley of “Gul de .Sac,” which yielded in
time of tho French HifiOOfiOO pounds of sugar,
is now almost a perfect waste, and does not
yield 500,000. Exports are decreasing from
year to year; property has no security, learn
ing meets with no encouragement, and the peo
ple will eventually, if they have not already,
sink into toe barbarity of native Africans. The
United States have most of the commerce at the
west end. The balance of the report is an arr
.gument upon the relative prospects of the Do
minicans and Haytiens, and the conclusion
dra.vrp from its perusal is that the former will
gradually become imbued with ideas of Chris-
tianlty ipud progress, while the latter, rejecting
all teachings, will relapse into a state of bar
barism.
Thus, as far bank as 1846, the observations
of Admiral Porter, made independently of any
race theory, confirm ail later experience—that
to* negro left to himself relapses into his orig
inal barbarism, and is kept within toe pale of
civilization only by the r^gtraipiug power and
influence of the white raoee, . r v i
FROM WASHINGTON.
Special Corrt9ponden.ee of TcUoraph and Settenpar.
Washington, December 1859.
Congress will do nothing of consequence• un
til after the holidays. The understanding new
is that both Houses will adjourn on the H8th
instant, until some time in January. The daily
session until that time will be brief, and-con
fined to routine business. Quito a number Of
.important bills have been already iutrodueSS,
bnt no action will be taken on them at present.
The galleries were thronged on Monday; tout
since then, have been comparatively deserted.
The lobby leaders have not yet arrived'for the
campaign, knowing that the field 4s nat ripe®for
harvest. Next month will see them here,“how
ever, and things will move at a livelier gait.
KBBKO EgUAUTV.
In the Senate yesterday, Mr. Spencer intro
duced a bill to amend, the aot-crf April?, '180,
to protect all persons in their wfl rights, and
to famish the means for their vindication. The
following is a synopsis of the bill;
“It provides that said act shaH fee-so construed
as to extend to all persons within the juris
diction of any State the equal proteotion of-Ks
laws, and make all persons of color competent
to testify in toe courts off toe -several'States, as
fnlly as if they Vfere white persons. Ttalsoean-
fers on the United States Courts ’juiisdicticn ef
criminal cases in whkfo persons are invdhed
who belong to the class of persons denied son®
rights declared in first section of said actT”
There is but one-opini on among Conservatives
here as to character <ft this bill, ft-is regardet
as outrageous and infamous, prejudicial to the
interests of toe Bento «nd to the progress of xe-
constrnefion. The National Intelligencer of tfeie
morning «ays of it:
Senator Spencer'* Wilis designed to- do <away-
in everjrpart of toe ■oaontry with -every-known
distinction on-aoco»nti«f color in-eneery relation |
of life, eawe and except 4hat it does-not propose!
lection of the. revenue, do they? Why not openly
own the purp ose transparent to all, of. sending
troops to ov era we the people, and to support
toe nsurpatic ms of carpet-baggers and their ne
gro allies ? Everybody knows that Georgia is
os peaceful r .nd as law-abiding a State as any in
the Union. But then she has toe andaoity to
beproepero- os; and toe sconndrels who have
fattened on her revenues and pillaged her for
so long, fee r they may lose their grasp upon
her treo8or y. Hence stories of Ktz-klux out
rages are t ooked up; and, “His Excellency,
Governor E iullock” sustains them by messages
and proclat nations of a libelous and scandalous
nature. I Such is” a true statement of “The
Georgia In ibroligio,” of which toe Radical jour
nals have 8 o mnoh to say of late.
BE POET OF THE PUBLIC PBINTEB.
From th e report of the pnblio printer I glean
the follow! ng statistics, interesting to toe craft.
The amoui it of earning of toe office in excess of
expenditm res during the past year was $36,146-
28. The to tal cost of work done was $G89,486 82.
The disbu moments of the office were as follows:
Public pri nting £ $563,300 76
Paper - 899,798 87
Binding.—. 385,219 41
Lithographing and Engraving. 145,370 51
Mapping for Supreme Court 1,037 50
Salaries, eto 12,514 00
Amount realized from the sale of
paper, eto....:.... ..." 22,659 79
I find on the payroll ton typo’s who earned
over $1500 per annum on piece-work—one ma
king $1753 71. Tho number of typos employed
at stated wages, male and female, was 524, and
490 at piece-work. The nnmber of employees
in the bindery, male and female, was 518.
WEEDING IN HIGH LIFE.
Mr. Paul Gerard, the scion of a noble French
family, and a brother-in-law of the Portugese
Minister, was married last evening to Miss
Marie Wormley. The fact .of the bride being, a
quadroon makes the event one of some interest,
and cause of general discussion here. Once
before toe parents of the groom prevented a
messeUiance by sending him to China. In this
instance they were powerless, though the obdu
rate papa has cut the ragh. youth off with a pal
try $50 per month. 4flhe father of toe bride
oS Ct p^toto“s^|i likewise rafosed to “come down,” though he is
cial companions m
It completely sweep* “toe -platter, however,-on
■every other point where any distinction is-now
made between toe white and blackxeees.
Senator Spencer is * 3few Yoricer, T believe-—
Ibence a carpet-bagger; feut he has (heretofore
jaJ the reputation of bang a rather-decent f*l-
;lc.w. He has mow estafeffiebed his .p«fistical sta
tes, and whencnilitary rode and carpetbag gov-
; amors are ttcm.est, if he tfeocnld have &e effron-
■>tory to ask the suffrage of any Southern com-
■TQp-fty, he will (End ont hia mistake.
JPEOTECEieK FOE “ BEAST BCJCLEE.”
- iB.F. Butler has found an ally in the Senate.
Seiia to be protected hereafter in Ins journey-
lings -through Baltimore, if Senator Carpenter
•can secure the passage of his hill “ to secure and
protect the froeflosn of transit in toe United
States;'’ which enacts that “no citizen of the
United States passing from one place to another
twin, shall, except in cases mentioned,be sUb-
jeet-tO'-caoin?, summuis, citation, or -aether pro
cess, ofirhatever nature, in a civil action, suit,
or,cause, whether mesne process or prosecution,
in iriy State, Territory or District through which
he May be glassing, ac>4 of which he is not a cit
izen, unless he shall voluntarily tarry therein
for tiespqce of mora<rigan : twenty-four hours’"
The Star, (radical) of last evening, says tois
Mil is “.evidently intended to put a check upon
the propensity of-.Baltimore to fasten upon any
stray • C*DgcaPKnan passing through that city,
as ia the K&ae, of Gen. ; Butler.” To which the
Baltimore-Sun responds, that “it .the law is
only introduced Suz ,‘stray Congressmen’ in Bal
timore, it ought to.say M. ‘Stray Congress
men,’ of course,-expect to be allowed too larg
est liberty ewerypiere. iTbe provisions of. the
dxll are, hon^ver^gengral, pm to all citizens of
<toq United Stetogejx passing through any State,
and not remaining, ever twenty-four hours. Ex-
Gommissioner jBolluis-.was arrested here a few
-days since, at to* ipetanea of Mr. Brinckly, but
that can hardlyiilustteto Jth° ’propensity' of Bal-
4iiBsre."
.-THE EJfpntWEpStri-pF^CpNOBESSMEN.
Thgqe wbo suppose that toe pay of a Senator
or Representative is 'his.pnly source of revenue,
whilei3.Wasbingtoci, fee-very much mistaken.
To these who know too-jg-s and outs of life at
toe Cajpitol, however, a-ibiil introduced yester
day by Senator TruntoclI^oscasions surprise, to
say toe Jeast The objects/ the bill is to pre
vent Congressional pmssnfe -for public office.
It provides that any uiqmbq? of Congress who
shall, jdirpcUy or indirectly, solicit or recom
mend toe appointment to -office, by the Presi
dent or Heads of -Departments, of any person,
or who shall.uolicjt. or recommend the employ
ment of .any-person, IP any of too Executive
Department8,!.qzcept such recommendation be
/in writing In response to a written request from
toe President or,a-Head of (Depaataient asking
,information, orifcy a-Senator in giring his ad
vice and consent jp the manner provided in the
Constitution, shativbe guilty of a misdemeanor,
and$n convictionAhereof shall bs fined not ex
ceeding one thousand dollars for each offence.
And i£ shall not be .igwfnl for the President or
the Head of any Department to appointto office
or emplpy in .his department any person who
shall be hereafter directiy or indirectly re qojn-
mendedtoerefor.by apygnember of Congress or
delegate from a Territory, except in.the manner
hereinbefore excepted.
I may safelyjiredict that this Dill will never,
see the light again. It would be just as futile
to attempt .to eat off other sources of emolu
ment to Congressmen as this ope; for how, oth-
efwise, could they provide tor their constitu
ents, and at toe same time put money in their
own pockets? .Should this biti pass, the .ex?
penseg of an ejection would be equal to those of
a contest fog a seat in toe Parliament of Great
Britain, which few.of onr “Republican citizens”
could stand.
BAUD ON THE 8UF8ZHE COUBT..
As was predicted some time since, the first day
of the second session of the 41st Congress wit
nessed a Radical onslaught upon toe Supreme
Court of toe United States. Senators Sumner
and Drake introduced a bill the provisions of
which are in flagrant violation of the Constitu
tion, and toe object of which is to render not
only toe Supreme Court, feut allFederal Courts,
subservient to the will of Congress. This is an
other and a long step towards centralization and
despotism. The Supreme Court is toe last bul
wark of toe liberties of a once free people. If
senator Drake’s bill means anything it means
usurpation, and usurpation in toe most corrupt
form—a legislative despotism—of which Wash
ington said, “it is the ' customary weapon by
which free governments are destroyed.” Tho
oath that the judges take requires allegiance to
the Constitution first, and to the acts of Con
gress made in pnrsuan’ce of it only. The bill of
Mr. Drake, therefore, requires the judge to
commit a crime. That matters little, however,
to (he Radical party. No crime, however hein
ous, will stop them in the pursuance of their
object, which is to place the destinies of this
country and its people, wholly in their hands.
Should they succeed in their nefarious pur
poses, their triumph will be short-lived; bnt toe
country will be again drenched in blood, and
will again undergo the throes of war. This no
trne patriot desires to take place; but it is in
evitable usgess a stop is pnt, and that speedily,
to Radical aggressions.
•qeoboia’s teodbles.
Bullock, the mar-plot and misrepresentative
of Georgia, is at bis dirty work here. He in
duced toe President to recommend that the
State be further reconstructed, and toe negroes
reinstated in the Legislature, that he might se
cure his election to toe United States Senate.
To accomplish this he has lied and distributed
lying affidavits. His latest effort is tons no
ticed in the Republican of this morning:
Supervisor Krzyzanowski, of Georgia, ac
companied by Assessor Belcher, of tho Third
Georgia district, arrived here yesterday, and
daring toe day had an interview with Commis
sioner Delano respecting too condition of affairs
in that section of the State. Mr. Belcher is a
colored man, and was appointed in place of Mr.
Bowles, a relative of Senator Hill, of that State,
,and< it is alleged, toe disturbances in that dis
trict are in the main due to this change. It is
* question whether the Government will sustain
Its own appointments. The supervisor also
complains that the revenue officers in other sec
tions of toe State are not as efficient and firm
in the discharge of their duties as the interests
of the revenue demand. In fact, without the
aid of the military, it is doubtful whether tho
revenue could be collected as it is in other dis
tricts of the Southern States. The disaffection
is attributed to the unsettled condition of po
litical matters within toe State limits, and the
attention of Congress will donbtless be celled
to it without delay.
There can be no doubt but that he of the un
pronounceable name, and toe colored officia
were summoned here to. sustain Bollock. They
want more troops in Georgia to enforce the col-
reputed well to do; but for the present the
happy couple will reside at the mansion of Worm-
ley, pert. There were no bridemaids or bride
grooms at the wedding, which was attended al
most exclusively by colored citizens. The cause
•of miscegenation goes bravely on. Wbo next ?
Dalton.
The North Georgia Conference.
H’romthc Atlanta Constitution.j
Roue, Ga., December 9, 1869.
Conference met at 9 o’clock, Bishop Doggett
in the Chair. Conference was opened with read
ing Scriptures, singing and prayer, by C. W.
'Key.
The minutes of yesterday were read and ap
proved.
Rev. Mr. Arbogast, Dr. Wiley and Stringfield,
of the Holston Conference, were introduced to
toe Conference.
Conference then resumed the examination of
character. The following persons were passed
Wm. A. Simmons, Goodman, Hughs, passed and
-superanuated.
James D. Anthony, transferred to Mobile Con
ference.
;JohnR. Gains dead; referred to Committee
•on Memoirs.
AL G. Hamby, John R. Parker, Wm. P. Har
rison, H. H, Parks, Levi P. Neace, James, L.
■Pierce, Robert H. Jones, Wm. T. Hamilton,
James L. Lnpo, John P. Duncan, John A. Rey
nolds, John M. Lowery, L. J. Davis, Robert W.
Bighorn, Wm. H. Evans, A. M. Thigpen, T. S.
L. Harwell, P. M. Rybum, W. J. Cotter, W. W.
Oslin, W. F. Jones, Robert Striplin, F. W.
Baggerly, John W. McGee, E. P. Burch, Young
J.-Allen, (in China,) George W. Yarborough,
W.. F. Cook, Joseph Chambers, Samuel J. Bel-
lah,\Wm. J. Scott, John T. Norris, Clabom
Trussel, passed and superanuated.
Julius C. Bridges, Atticus G. Haygood, F. A.
djicable, Jesse Boring, Wm. M. Crumley, W. A.
Dodge, W. J. Wordlaw, J. N. Craven, Wm. A.
Florenoe, Peter A. Heard, Joseph J. Singleton,
A. Means, A. Gray, Miles W. Amol, M. F.
Male by, B. J. Johnson, G. J. Pearce, Josiah
Servis, jr., W. B. Branham, H. J. Adams, R.
A. Seals, Morgan Bellah, Daniel Kilsy, W. F.
Smith, W. P. Rivers, John W. Turner, John W.
Reynols, Wesley P. Amol, Wesley P. Pledger,
W. ‘A.Jlogers. C. J. Oliver, laid over.
A communication was received and read from
Dr. Taylor, Corresponding Secretary of the
American Bible Society, asking the reappoint
ment of Rev. Wm. A. Parks as agent again.
Rev. 47. <3. Dunlap was transferred from the
West Texas Conference to the North Georgia
Conference.
Report from toe Southern Christian Advocate
was received, read and referred to toe Commit
tee on toe Advocate.
Notices were given, and Conference adjourn
ed with benediction. W. A. D.
telegraph:.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Washington, December 9.—Revenue receipts to
day nearly a half million.
Customs for the week ending December 4th, over
tiro and a quarter millions.
The President has nominated John F. Dillon for
Circuit Judge of the Eighth District. This dosee
the Circuit Judges.
CONGRESSIONAL.
Washington, December 9—Senate.—Kellogg in
troduced a bill incorporating the Mississippi Valley
Levee Company according to the plan proposed by
toe Lonisville Convention.
The District Committee were directed to inquire
into toe propriety of repealing the charter of toe
Medical Society for rejecting negro doctors.
Trumbull reported, with an amendment from the
Committee on toe Judiciary, a bill relating to the
appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The
bill, as amended, declares that the judicial power of
toe United States gives no power to the Courts to
decide upon political questions, and that it rests
with Congress to decide what government is the es
tablished one in any State. It prohibits the Su
preme Court from entertaining jurisdiction of any
case growing out of the execution of the reconstruc
tion acts until the governments of the late rebel
lious State* are recognized by Congress as valid.
It repeals all acts authorizing appeals to the ‘Su
preme Court in habeas corpus proceedings The Pres
ident is directed to hold and proceed with all pris
oners held in said States by military authority,
without regard to any civil proceeding or authority
whatsoever.
Adjourned to Monday.
House.—Banks introduced a lull to complete the
reconstruction of Georgia.
Van Trump presented a joint resolution of the
Ohio Legislature, withdrawing the ratification of
toe Fifteenth Amendment.
Supreme Court or the State or Geor-
K*a.
Joseph E. Bbown, Chief Justice.'
H. K. MoCay, 4
Hibah Wabnneb, f
December Term, I860.
From, the Atlanta Constitution.]
Associate Justices.
Order of .Circuits wiyi number of cases from
each:
Southern Circuit....
Sorthwestom Circuit.....:.
Fatanla Circuit
1 23 “
; 23 “
Chattahoochee Circuit.....
Macon Circuit.................
Flint Circuit
Tallapoosa Circuit
Atlanta Gircnit.
Rome Circuit,...,,...,..,...,
Cherokee Circuit
31 “
,,,,..13 “
„.,.18 «
10 “
,...22 “
6 “
,....,....22 “
Blue Ridge Circuit
Western Circuit
Northern Circuit
;....12 “
:... 6 “
6 “
Ocmulgee Circuit,
Eastern Circuit..,,
10 «
4 “
Brunswick Circuit.,,
0 “
MORNING SESSION.
Argument was resumed and concluded in No.
14, Southwestern Circuit.
No. 15 is J. T. Flewellen, plaintiff in error
vs. O. L. Nelson and wife, defendants. Appoint
ment of receiver from Dougherty.
Vgson & Davis for plaintiff in error.
Harris & Hobbs and Nesbit & Jackson for de.
fendants.
Pending argument in this case court adjourned
till 3 o’clock p. v.
EVENING SESSION.
Argument was ooncluded in No. 11, South
western.
No. 12 was disposed of heretofore.
No. 13 was argued. It is William Mitchell,
plaintiff in error vs. Benjamin Mitchell, et. dl.
Dissolution of injunction from Worth.
D. H. Pope, Yason & Davis, for plaintiff in
error.
Strozier & Smith, Lochrano & Clark for de
fendants.
No. His Trowbridge, Dwight & Co., et. aL,
vs. A. E. Rawson, administratrix. Injunction,
etc., from Dougherty.
Vason & Davis, Hines & Hobbs, Lochrane &
Clark for plaintiffs in error.
Wright & Warren for defendant in error.
Fending toe opening argument in this cause,
Court adjourned till 10 o’clock, a. m., to
morrow.
-»»-*-
Comparative Movements in Produce.
Tho Journal of Commerce prints a table show
ing too comparative receipts of produce in New
York for eleven months in the years 1867, 18G8
and 1SG9, from which we take the follow:
RECEIPTS OP CERTAIN ABTICLEB OF DOMESTIC PRO
DUCE AT NEW TORE DURING THE FIRST ELEVEN
MONTHS O? THE YEAR: , . i . .
1867. . . . 1868. '1869.
Wheat, flour, bbls.. 2.409,476 2,GG4,497 3,166,776
Com, meal. bbls.. 196,717 251,173 188,040
Wheat, bush 9,448,979 12.700T98 22,984,830
Bye, bush -745,673 760,915 320,873
Oats, bush 7,890,935 9,905,516 8,119,528
Barley, bush...... 2 538,730 2,749,354 2,675,094
Peas, bush....:... 665,385 368,491 70,038
Com bush. 14,600,260 18,672,678 11,535,223
Cotton, hales..,.
Naval Stores—
Crude turp. bbls.
Spirits turp. bbls.
Rosin, bbls
Tar, bbls.........
Pitch, bbls
Provisions—
Pork. pigs.......
Beef, hhls....
Cut Meats, pkge.
Butter, pkge.
Cheese, pkgs...'..
Lard, tea & bbls..
Lard. kegs.... ..
Whisky, bbls./;..
580,905 684,080 594,451
11,687
67,267
SS0.470
21,810
4,941
10,175
62,144
423,504
21,610
6,344
• 13,893
61,591
526,297
70,629
G,344
134,385 84,631 77,098.
90,067 65,630 72,171
. 88,844 67,641 73,803
511,461 458,041 595,692
1,225,081 1,092,858 1,253,680-
135,399 84,943 65,904
13.090 14,001 15,130
135,090 40,110 163,861
Petroleum, pkgs.. 0 977,945 604,677 815,176
The gain in wheat is the mo3t noticeable feature,
butothor points of interest are presented in the
table.
FROM ALABAMA.
Montgomery, December 9.—In toe Senate to-day,
there was a stormy debate over the bill to break np
toe present city government of Mobile, and tom it
over to a triumvirate, consisting of tho Lieutenant
Governor, Speaker of the House and the Attorney
General.
Mr. Bromberg, the Mobile Senator, opposed it
Mr. Coon, of Dallas, and others favored it
It was so amended as to give the power of-ap
pointment to toe Governor. The bill was then re
committed.
Bills were introduced to allow State endorsements
to the bonds of the Chattanooga and Alabama Rail
road to the amount of $3,000,000; to the Mobile
and Montgomery Railroad to the amount of $2,000,.
000, and to the South and North Alabama Railroad
to the amount of $3,000,000.
In thq House, by a vote of 42 to 29, Mr. Brown,
Democrat, of Chambers, was declared not entitled
to his seat. A motion was made to reconsider toe
vote to-morrow.
Over 4000 Maeons are in the city in attendance on
toe Grand Lodge.
The railroads are crowded every trip with emi
grants on their way to Texas.
GENERAL NEWS.
Nashville, December 9.—The Senate passed to
the first reading a bill forbiddiag indictments for
acta committed by soldiers daring the late war.
FOREIGN NEWS.
London, December 9.—The price of Confederate
bond has considerably advanced in view of the pro
posed settlement of the Alabama claims.
Rome, December 9.—The (Ecumenical ceremonies,
yesterday, lasted six hours. The city is tranquil.
Liverpool, December 9—Vessels arriving from
the South Atlantic, report vast numbers of ice bergs.
Session.
Supreme Court— Morning
From the Atlanta Constitution.j
Atlanta, December 7, 1869.
The continued case of J. M. Jones, Trnstree
for Mrs. Sones, vs. S. S. Boone, from Sumter,
was dismissed.
No. 1. Southwestern Circuit was then argued.
It is James Stewart et al., vs. Benj. Mordedai,
petition to transfer cause to 5th Circuit Conrt
of the United States, from Sumter. Hawkins
<t Burke, Lyon, deGraffenreid & ■ Irwin, for
plaintiffs in error. Nesbit & Jackson for de
fendant. McCay, J., having been of counsel in
this cause, did not preside.
G. W. Warwick, Esq., of Smithville, Ga., was
admitted to this bar.
At 20 minntes before 1 o’clock p. m., Conrt
adjourned till 3 o’clock p. m., to allow a meeting
of toe bar.
EVENING SESSION.
At 3 o’clock p. m. Court met.
No. 2. Levi G. Halloway, plaintiff in error,
vs. Frances Chiles, administratrix. Motion to
set aside a judgement from Mitchell was ar
gued. Strozier <fc Smith, by Judge Clarke, for
plaintiff in error. House and Hobbs, Yason &
Davis for defendant.
Nos. 7, 8 and 12 were called ont of their or
der, by consent of counsel to accommodate CoL
Goode, who wished to return home.
No. 7 is John R. Worrell, plaintiff in error,
vs. J. W. Coker, ct al., defendants. Injunc
tion from Sumter. Hawkins & Burke for plain
tiffs in error, C. T. Goode, for defendant in er
ror. It was dismissed for non-compliance with
the 12th Rule of Court. Judge McCay having
been counsel in this cose, did not preside.
No. 9 is S. B. Glass, et al., plaintiffs in error,
vs. Geo. E. Clarke, ctal., defendants. Injunc
tion from Sumter. O. T. Goode for plaintiffs
in error. Hawkins & Burke, Jack Brown, for
defendants.
No. 12 is H. J. Lamar, el. al.* plaintiffs in
error, vs. L. F. W. Andrews, et. al. Injunction
from Sumter. 0. T. Goode for plaintiff in
error. Hawkins & Burke, N. A. Smith, for de
fendants. These two (8 and 12) were dismissed
for non-compliance with 10th rule of court.
The court then called No. 3—-Thos. W. John
son, plaintiff in error, vs. Thomas J. Stewart,
guardian, etc. Application for Injunction and
Recover from Lee. F. H. West, G. W. War
wick, for plaintiff in error. Hawkins & Burke
for defendant.
Fending argument upon a motion to dismiss
this cause, because prematurely brought up,
court adjourned till 10 o'clock a. m., to-morrow.
MORNING SESSION.
Atlanta, Ga., Deo. 8, 1869.
Some time was occupied in having cases
which had come np irregularly carried to the
docket of toe next term, and in taking roles
against certain clerks of Superior Courts for
failure to do their duty as to bills of exceptions,
etc. This does notaffeettbe oases on toe docket
of this term.
No, 3, Southwestern. Thos. W. Johnson,
plaintiff in error, vs. Thos. J. Stewart. Appli
cation for Injunction and Receiver, from Lee,
was dismissed upon the motion made yesterday
upon the ground that it is prematurely brought
here.
No. 4 is Roe and Gillian, plaintiffs in error,
vs. Doe & Mathew Favor, et al. Ejectment
from Dougherty.
Strozier & Smith, for plaintiffs in error.
Warren & Warren, for defendants.
It was stated that the case was eettled. There
being no appearance for plaintiff in error, it
was dismissed for want of prosecution.
No. 5 is Joab J. Gillion, plaintiff in error, vs.
D. W. Massey, defendant Distress warrant
from Dougherty.
Strozier & Smith, by Lochrane & Clark, for
plaintiff in error.
Warren & Warren, by D. A. Vason and G. J.
Wright, for defendant. It was dismissed for
non-compliance with 10th Rnle of Court
No 6 is James Hill, plaintiff in error, vd. Wm.
0. Flemming, Rule vs. Assignee in Bankruptcy.
From Dougherty.
Hines & Hobbs, Lochrane & Clark, for plain
tiff in error.
Warren. & Warren, D, A. Vason, for defend
ant
Pending the argument of Judge Yason, Conrt
adjourned till 3 o’clock, v. m.
Manures; How and When to Use
Them.
It always affords ns pleasure to be able to
present judicious articles upon the important
subject of manures, their proper economy, eta
The following, bearing upon some of these facts,
will be read with interest and profit.- The hints
thrown ont should be carefully considered and
improved by every farmer, as they are practi
cal in character, and in one form or other, are
susceptible of almost‘daily application:
“The best method of using stable or barn
yard manure for com or potatoes, is to haul it
freshly from the cellar in. toe condition in which
it rests in the vanlte, spread it upon the plowed
field, and harrow it in with a Geddes harrow.
This is what is called ‘long manure,’ and is a
form which, according to the opinions of many
farmers, is nnsnited to immediate use ; also, it
is objected, that in spreading fresh manure
upon plowed fields and covering it only super
ficially with earth, much of it is lost by evapor
ation; or, more correctly speaking, certain vol
atile gaseous constituents rise on. the breeze
and are wafted away. In onr view, both of
these notions are incorrect. The excrement of
animals mnst undergo a kind of fermentation
or pntrefactire change, before it is assimilated
by plants, and it is better that this be carried
forward in the field, as there it is in contact
with the soil, which is greedy to absorb all the
products of the chemical change. Creative
power has bestowed npon dry earth prodigious
absorptive capabilities. If a lump of fresh ma
nure as large as a peck measure is placed upon
a plowed field uncovered, and allowed to fer
ment or decay in the-open air, the absorptive
powers of the earth are such, that it will ac
tually attract toicards it ammoniacal and other
gases, and thus rob the atmosphere of its natu
ral and volatile principles. A film of earth no
thicker than the rind of an orange, placed over
a lump of manure, will effectually prevent loss
of manorial products, under all possible circum
stances. It will be agreed, then, that a harrow
is equally as effective as a plough in protecting
manure in the open field. It is better to have
the manure near the surface, as toe rains can
reach it, and dissolve the soluble salts, and by
percolation carry them down to toe hungry roots
of plants. Long manure is not lost when deeply
turned under by the plough, bnt the farmer
does not secure the whole value of his dressing
under this treatment in any case, and on some
soils the loss is a most serious one. In the pro
cess of soap-making it becomes necessary to set
np a leach. Now, the farmer will not attempt
to exhaust the tab of ashes of its potato by
forcing water into the bottom and dipping the
liquid off from the top. The natural percolating
or exhausting process is downwards, in accord--
ance with the laws of gravity. The soluble al
kalies and salts are driven downwards, and in
the case of each we mnst have a vessel ready to
receive them at the bottom, and in the case of
toe same substances leached from manure, wo
must have the manure so placed that plant roots
will be at hand to absorb them before they pass
beyond their reach.
Manure is never so valuable as when it is
fresh. It then holds in association not'only all
toe fixed soluble substances natural to the solid
excrement, but much that is of great value,
found only in the liquid; It is in a condition to
quickly undergo chemical change, and toe gas
eous, ammoniacal products secured are double
those resulting from that which has been weath
ered in a heapi ont of doors for several months.”
[Boston Journal of Chemistry.
wide, twenty incheT^t^TrT :
be made tight Hl.u. f6<5t deen.
ba^lsof Wfigy,"
water; when thorough!, ^
inches with water. M ^i.
inches with coarse ontvJi - . “'riao J*.
««d, (the coarser th! b*£ r ^ *5|
pores nearly full; on ’ft
tenth m much water-linn^ 3
of g»vel and sanded W L
other equal quantity ofWT, ,° n «>« £
first layer of gravel/ ^ »
water thoroughly, and dte <5
commence at toe open end of ^ & W
mix thoroughly a b^rrowful ^J***
mix easy and have none run out? 8 i( «
ately into the curb, packE*;? £ pat t
The curb should be madf 0 f
teen to sixteen Inches wide
little shorter on the lowe^fe® *»4 Q
np easily, and should be aup^rt^ W •» 2
feet, to prevent spreading Thff d ° B< * l
be tied together by nailing a St Pp P°««i
inches wile, upon the bottom driJ? ^
up into the supports and a stiin ;
of toe top. The suppoSs^^ft.
joists. ™ canbe of 2 ^
Make toe support frames all at on.
inches wider than the wallfc
keys of inch boards, all of
A key to each support, and two^,? 6
board of curb, a trifle longer tt b ac(isl
thick, so as to hold the enrb bla-t ! ,K ^
the supports by a line, and bTcareLl
them perpendicular, and hraoafcZ®i , l‘
stakes driven in the gronndoofi,? 0 tie *
the base of the wall; f a ? d U
braces, nailing them to the stake*? 11 *3
The concrete will set in drv
ty-fonr honrs. The better wav i?,? 13 .
course every other day. When »,/ P®ti
has set, take out the keys carefnlir fifst
bruise toe wall, and St thT!S'&
from the wall; then raise it for the
letting it lap on toe first course atont
If the ground is wet it will be neceZi, 1
the quantity of cement for the fhS°
door and window frames should be
inch plank, as wide as the wall iffv, 01
should have nailed upon the sidetfc
next to the concrete a strip of W-i t ?
wide, which wUl keep it inplaSS nT
is completed. If it is desired that the ^
of the wall should be smoother tW
fill toe curb from the inside, as thesn
curb that is filled with smaller grains J
the iarger ones rolling to tho lowest side.
A wall of this matreial costs where.
get the gravel delivered for seventvll;
per yard, about what brick would cost?
one of the same thickness—or about
it would cost to build of brick; and wW
are all crumbled with ago this i s be t
when first made. Care must be used in r
toe sills npon this kind of wall hefo*.;
comes solid. Care Bhould be taken
Yoices of Grace.—It is marvelous and beau
tiful to observe how various are the voices of
free grace. : “lam thiraty,” says one. “Come
to the waters,” she cries.
“I am hungry,” says another. “Then eat ye
that which is good,” she says, “and let your
soul delight itself in fatness. ’
“But I am poor, and have nothing to buy
with." .“Come buy wine-and milk without
money and without price.”
“We are weary,” sigh the laborers in toe sun-
beaten fields. “Come unto Me," breathes her
answer, like a breeze from the waters, “and I
will give you rest”
“Cast thy burdens on the Lord, and He will
sustain thee,” she whispers to toe pilgrim ready
to faint on the highway.
“Behold the fountain,” she cries to the guilty;
“toe fountain opened Iqr sin and uncleanness.”
Vegetable Manure for Fruit .Trees.
It is remarkable how much vegetable, matter
will add'to the growth of a tree. Thte is es
pecially toe case with toe grape vine. A mere
covering of leaves in toe fall will have an in
fluence that is almost astonishing. Such is our
experience. There is, however, a difference in
soil, we find, so. as to cause a variation. A stiff
clhy soil will not show toe effect so readily, and
it seems to fail in showing a foil effect, perhaps,
because it keeps the strength on the top, ns
day is an absorber and retainer of fertility.
But in a sandy or leachy soil—any soil that
will let the strength down—we think nothing
better for fruit trees, of all kinds, can be used
than the simple application in the fall of veg
etable matter in toe form of leaves, cut weeds or
grass, grown the same year.
It will afford a protection during the winter.
The fall and spring rains, and the heat at the
opening of summer, will prepare it for food,
and continue to feed the roots the most of the
season.
Now, if a mulch is applied when the heat
commences—of the same material, vegetable
matter—with some deliquescent covering like
ashes, plaster, or lime, there will, unless the
soil is quite deficient in fertilizing matter, be a
good growth—such a growth as is wanted—not
extravagant, nor the opposite. In a quite ordin
ary soil it will be sufficient. It will grow fruit—
it will continue to grow it healthfully, remune
ratively, not in premium crops, but in a per
manent abundance. And this is what is wanted.
Let ns apply onr light manure in toe folk and
use it also as a protection from the heat, as well
as food for the trees. Where the soil is a strong
clay, it is best to-remove some of it, aud get
down to the too la; then replace the ground. A
few broken bones added while the ground is
open will sometimes be of benefit, and be a last
ing one. And we think it wilt do no hurt in
any case.
Do not use for one year alone; try for several.
In ground disposed to let down the strength,
there will be an effect almost at once. In such
case the two applications are just the thing—
one in the fall and one in toe spring, or the
commencement of the heat, thus keeping up a
constant replenishment, just what the tree
wants. If tue roots of the tree are i.-ear the
surface, nothing can be finer than tois applica
tion. The forest has been teaching this lesson
from time immemorial.—Rural New Yorker.
The Roots of Plants.
In his work entitled “How Crops Grow,” S.
W. Johnson says:
The quantity of roots actually attached to any
plant is usually far greater than can be estima
ted by roughly lifting them from the soil. To
extricate the roots of wheat or clover, for ex
ample, from the earth, completely, is a matter
of no little difficulty. Schubert has made toe
most satisfactory observations we possess on
toe roots of several important crops, growing in
the field. He separated them from toe soil by
the following expedient An excavation was
made in the field to the depth of six feet, and a
stream of water was directed against the vertical
wall of soil until it was washed away, so that
the roots of the plants growing in it were laid
bare. The roots thus exposed in a field of rye,
in one of beans, and in a bed of garden peas,
presented toe appearance of a mat, or felt of
white fibres, to a depth of about four feet from
the surface of the ground.
The roots of winter wheathe observed as deep
as seven feet, in a light subsoil, forty-seven
days after sowing. The depth of the roots of
winter wheat, winter rye, and winter colza, as
well as of clover wfls three to four feet The.
roots of clover one year old, were three and a
half feet long; those of two years old clover
were but four inches longer. The quantity of
roots per cent of the entire plant in toe dry
state was found: Winter wheat, examined the
last day of April, 40 per cent; winter wheat
May, 22 per cent; winter rye examined last day of
April, 34 per cent; peas examined at the time
of blossom, 24 per cent Hellriegel carefully
examined the radication of barley and oats, and,
for thte purpose, raised plants in large glass
potts and separated their roots from the soil by
carefni washing with water. He observed that
directly from toe base of the stem, twenty to
thirty roots branch off sideways and downward.
These roots at their point of issue have a di
ameter of 1-25 of an inch, bnt a little lower the
diameter diminishes to abont 1/100 of an inch.
Retaining tois diameter, they pass downward,
dividing and branching to a certain depth.
From these main roots branch out innumerable
side roots, which branch ont again and so on,
filling every crevice and pore of the soil. To
ascertain the total length of root he weighed
and ascertained the length of selected average
proportions. Weighing then thq entire root
Bystem, he calculated the entire length. He
estimated the length of toe roots of a vigorous
barley plant, at 128 feet, and that of an oat
plant at 150 feet. He found a small bulk of
good fine soil sufficed for this development—
1-40 cubio foot answered for a barley plant, 1-32
cubio foot for an oat plant In these experi
ments Hellriegel observed also that toe quality
of the soil influenced the development In rich
porous garden soil, a barley plant produoed 128
feet of roots ; but in a coarse-grained compacted
soil, a similar plant had bnt 80 feet of loots.
Concrete Buildings.
In the first place, make a mixing bed sixteen
feet long, four feet wide, ten inobes high on the
sides and one end, the other end left open so
that it will-be convenient to shovel the concrete
out Next a box is wanted to slake toe quick
lime in. It Bhonld be eight feet long, three fee
•tehes as a Fertilizer.
Here and there a fanner makes eiDeri-
with ashes; and still more less thoron-W
tinned experiments. These we generally H
the papers. But what do they teacknsi '
ways that it is well to sow ashes on grass ii
and apply them on some other crop,
there are few, if any crops that are noth
filed. And this is not singular when:
aider that potash is a necessity to p!a.
and that toe soil, after many years' crc
becomes exhausted of this as of;
tilizers. Hence, where land has b
and ashes have not been applied, it is r
strong evidence that their application wiilltl
benefit.
There are tables showing the benefit of &
these have been given in all the agricn
papers, and need not be repeated here; 1
need be repeated often that ashes (petal
not only necessary, but a very great adva:
Ashes contain other matter beneficial t
the potash. They contain, in a small qu;
(two per cent.) that other element so imp
in agriculture, plaster of Paris or gypsaa 1
deed they contain toe in-organic elements/jj
soil, as necessary as the organic. And i
comprise the whole needed for plant food. 1
important element, phosphoric acid, is i
seated by three or four per cent., winch i
siderable.
All these are given to the soil in the i
ashes; and, if largely used, the effect isi
mented. Thus we see the advantage of i
plentifully of this common fertilizer.
Now, ashes have an immediate effect;
prolonged effect. Thte is in consequent J
some of the ingredients being more aM
than the rest. Potash dissolves at once, i
goes to the benefit of the plant So do
other substances. The lime and pho?:
acid act more tardily; and these are of i
tance. It takes years to completely
these, and while they are undissolved t
all the while acting as a manure, slowly ij
composing.
Applications at intervals of years, tie
would be the way to apply these; and in la
ashes we have just these lasting elementA
But, to get the potash and soda, andchb-l
we must apply often—yearly. Hence it is if
to apply often (yearly) and less at a time. F.J
five to ten bushels to the acre would At
good and a continued yield for mir.y;
augmenting the crop much beyond the r
the ashes.
It will, therefore, bo seen that it is p<
gain to use ashes, particularly on gnssj*
(including clover) and on potatoes. I'"'"
be used with advantage on all crops.
Ashe* have anotbur effect. Like salt (*
they contain) they are, from their alkaline 3
actor, deleterious to some plants, and «|
these are not the plants wanted. They tx*
ally the foul growth among the grasses. I
they are a weeder, a promoter ef gota ,
difficulty is to get the ashes. Bat, Iuce-I]
thoso who wish to use them, they may j
tained, as they are so little employed. '
ooal is the principal fuel it is more diffi*
get them. But in places where wood isos
a man may take a team in winter and S
and collect a good many. Hundreds of
may thus be gathered in a short time,-
ally for twenty or twenty or twenty-n«-
per bushel. They will pay at a higher
Comparative Value of Hay, Cora *
Oats.
An acre of ground retained expressly-^
yields on an average not more than ok
one-half tons of vegetable food; an eq® *•
planted with carrots or rute-bagas ** ?
from ten to twenty tons, say fifteen tons. •
is by no means a high average, and hj.
been attained without extraordinary cnlu _
It has been ascertained, by careful eip^"
that three working horses, fifteen and
hands high, consume hay at the rate of tjj (
dred pounds per week, or fire tons w
thousand and forty-eight pounds pe f 1
besides one and one-half bushels of
week, or seventy-eight per annum. W ,i
tition of the same experiment, it was
an unworked horse consumed hay at t£e
four and one-quarter tons per annum.
The produce, therefore, of nearly * j
land is necessary to support a working |
one year; but half an acre of ranoN
hundred bushels per acre, with the a
chopped straw, while the season to „
them lasts, will do as well, if , ,i er »
things do not admit of doubt, ' or
been the subject of exact trials, as so
agricultural friends can testify.
It has also been proved that the J . ;
bushel of corn, together with the 1 - f
which it grew, will keep a horse
ing order for a week. An acre P ^
corn, .and yielding sixty bushels, wm ^
to keep a good sized horse in worses
one year. ..(j
Let the fanner, then, consider
better to maintain a horse on tne f ■ ,
half an acre of rata bagas or oar ^
the produce of an acre of com; °b
hand, npon the hay and grain from
land—for it wUl require six acres ^ ^
to produce the necessary hay andg_ ^ j
The same reasoning might be ma
the feeding of cattle andsheep.^*-
Southern Black Oak
found that Southern black oak b
of the most useful and important - jj,,p
in use, for giving the ground ool * -fi
aud most costly fabrics m a( tes
pean print work*. The most xp^ ([0 s
are made from flanm, which l ^ t
extract of the black oak bark '
Thte fa-rim is worth a dollar P«‘*• ^»
ton of quercitron, that is, o » ^
yields 150 pounds ftarim. A
will yield, a ton of ground T ^ is *
yield,
when pro u
$35 to $50 a
$80 per ton.
round and P'f.P'L n i
60 and sometimes
The (Ecumenic* 1 Council of <^ d8y .
h? ^rebbtibops <
