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HR ^-ND GEORGIA JOURNAL & MESSENGER. cL 1SBY, REID & REESE, Proprietors. g^HSHED 1826~ The Family Journal.—News—Politics—Literature—Agriculture—Domestic Affairs. GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING MACON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1869. VQL LHV.-N0. £8 Shadows. nh 6»dly hU on bill tnd loa 01 The ehadows or tho weary day; .A ns fted from tho wailing sea, A l» w - l° n S murmur seems to say. To say: “Shine on, tbop golden sun; Ttino hour will soon be done! 1 Ah! woll-a-day! Cold drives tho rain upon tho world, and homeless is the north-wind’s cry; And 'mid tho darkness, thickly curled, rA tones of sorrow seem to sigh, To sigh: . • Bloom on. tbon shining rose; The short life soon will close, For thou must cue! nh sadly fan on loving hearts The shadows of lifo’e weary way. And heedless of tho tear that starts, A meurhful message seems to say, To say: ••Thee and thy love the tomb, ' Soon, soon will fold in gloom; Ah! «eU-a-dayl” Sews from the Nile’s Head. Tis as Sir Roderick foretold, His word by fact is crowned; For Africa's explorer bold Tnrns np all safe and sound. To that which lying natives Bttid, The contrary is shown; fj] 10S0 knaves asserted liim stone dead, But there ia Livingstone. [London Punch, ibefolict planters should adopt Protect Themselves Against the ('will,iiiation of Speculators and Capitalists. Macon, Ga., December 13,1SG9. Col Clisby—Dzui Bit. : The enclosed copy of an (.sat prosented by me to the Executive Committee of the State Agricultural Society at its late Fair, in ecapliince with their resolution of October 7,18G9, fompeting for the premium therein offered, is here Kipectf nlly submitted to yon for publication in your eddy circulating and influential j oumal. Its pnb- [ation may induce thought and perhaps profitable jiaemsion upon the questions therein involved. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 0. P. Culteb. It is one of tho distinguishing features of the nineteenth century to combine capital for the Accomplishment of great objects. This principle a daily extending farther and farther into tho af- fein of life, and contributing its benefits to all concerned in a thousand ways unknown to our forefathers. While “labor and appropriate natural ob jects" are “the requisites of production,” there jjanother “requisite without which no produc tive operations, beyond the rnde and scanty beginnings of former primitive industry, ire possible, viz: a stock previously ac cumulated of tho products of former labor. This accumulated stock of tho products of labor is termed capital.” Now, when this accumula ted capital is combined in the form of “ Cotton a " for the purpose of buildingup“ specifio nations of Commercial Gamblers,” by which the markets of the world are controlled to the injury of tho productive interests of the whole country, and especially that of the great eotton growing interests of tho Southern States, it behooves us, as interested parties, to cast dxmt for some means by which we may protect ourselves against these “Combinations of Specu lators and Capitalists.” This can only he done Ay an accumulation and consolidation of capital k the in te rests and under the control of the pun ier and other industrial interests of the South. To this end I recommend the organization of a joint stock company, with a capital of five millions of dollars, to be increased to thirty millions, if necessary, which capital shall be raised by the issue and sole of stock, and tho money loaned to planters and the various in- dnstrial interests of the Sonth, and which shall be used in tho development and prosecution of the industry of these Southern States; in fos tering and encouraging foreign and domestic emigration ; in the production of supplies at hme for the laborer, agricultural implements for the husbandman, machinery for mills and cotton factories, and for the construction of Southern railroads and steam vessels, by which *e may transport the cotton and otherprodnets for export direct to foreign markets, and for nch other purposes as the company may from time to time deem necessary and expedient to its interests—the amounts loaned to be secured by mortgage upon tho real estate of the bor rower, or by deposits of United States bonds or other approved securities, exceeding in value one-half of the amount loaned, tho borrower Paying interest at the legal rates in the States where loaned. As a means of increasing the dividends of tho company, I would propose that commission houses be established by the company in all the principal commercial cities of tho Sonth, which houses shall have all consignments of the stock holders and those who borrow of the company, these consignments to be sold by the company oa the most advantageous terms, in the best markets of the world, charging the customary or some fixed rates of commissions, freights, •adstorage; the company to purchase, at the option of the stockholder or borrower, all sup plies of food, clothing, agricultural implements, machinery, merchandise, stock, and whatever else he may require which this association may consistently furnish; all such supplies to be furnished at prime cost, the company charging ™ usual commissions on purchase; all com missions thus received to be placed to the cre- “t of the general fund. The loans secured, first, by mortgage on real ***•*, or the deposit of approved securities; Jufi secondly, by the consignment of all the pre fects of the borrower, cannot fail to be a safe u well as a valuablo investment. Tho margin ** °no half—especially upon real estate under a rieady rise in this species of property in the wuth—is amplo to secure tho principal, while ,* interest will be discharged annually on sale of consignments. Thu3 will bo secured, first, jo* capital, and secondly its legal interest; but toe per centage on the sale of consignments and Purchases will be found to be oven more valuable “I® the legal interest. Take, for example, the cotton trade. Soy jhai this company, when folly organized, secure “® control and sale of three-fourths of this , pl®t and on which they secure a commission °f one and a half or two pet cent., the net profit 011 this one article would exceed, even at fifteen cents per pound, thirty-five per cent, on the {*J* °f the capital stock of the company. Add ® this the commission on sale of other products, Prchafcs, interests on loans, together with mndenda from numerous other sources of in vestments of the company, and the net dividends ®a the capital invested, would exceed fifty_por cent, per annum to the stockholder, besides w raring to the producer the highest market nfre for his products, and the saving of twen- ty-five to one hundred per cent, on all his sup plies. .To illustrate: The planter desires a cotton Pnand press of the most approved pattern. secure these he must send to the North, be- crase they are not manufactured in the Sonth— ‘‘“'1 fvir which he pays the retail or jobbers’ Price, say $450. He then pays freight from tho Place of purchase to his home, making these “jgether cost him, say $500. Now, suppose this Pa and press to have been manufactured in eorgia at some convenient point not distant om the home of the planter, and by a com- w hose capital in part was borrowed of this Syftn, and that these gins and presses were brushed the association at the manufacturer's P?j*» or fifty per cent, less than the Northern tan price, and the purchaser would secure his and press at $333.33$, instead of $500—a U n 8 on Uiese two items of $1G6.G6|. Wow, this same principle holds good in every JPtoies of supplies which the vast and divers- j£ jntereets of our people require from abroad, ~instrating the grand economical feature of this Proposition. . JjaWthatamdlng the demonstration of these .i/®; there i* a prevailing idea at the North that riM,** 60 ^ 6 , 0 * Sonth are growing suddenly hob out of tho proceeds of £le of that great commercial king, cotton, at tho prices which that staple is now bringing in the markets. This is a grand, and may prove a fatal mistake. Of the two hundred and eighty millions of dol lars which the Sonth will receivo for the present year’s crop, not exceeding fifteen per cent, will be retained in money in the South; 'tighty-fizc per cent, will go North in payment for’com, ba con, flour, hay, mules and. horses, fertilizers, agricultural implements, goods, wares and mer chandise of every conceiveahle description— nearly all of which articles may be produced in the South as cheap or cheaper than at the North, for we have every natural advantage in the production of the raw material. It has been well and truthfully said by one of your ablest journalists—Col. Clisby—that “ wo shall not begin to be rich as a community until we gradually adopt the policy of supplying onr own necessities and keeping our money at home. Economy is the only road to wealth. Wo must raise onr own food—make onr own agricultural implements, and diversify onr industry gener ally, so that everything we spend doss not leavo onr country immediately to return no more." If theories and beautiful pictures, painted by ardent hopes and patriotic aspirations, conld set aside the logic of dolltrs and cents, then “to do were as easy as to know how to do,” and tho South would, Phenix-like, rise from her ashes, and with the din of industry heard upon her hill tops and in her valleys, she would soon be free from her present commercial dependenco npon the North. Bat snch, it seems, is not life—man life, nor present commercial life—and yet pros perity requires the two ends to meet—tho re ceipts to equal, if not to exceed tho expenses. Here, then, is one of the essential character istic features of this scheme. It would set to work a large part of onr population in manufac turing tho wants of tho Sonth, and furnish a home market for all kinds of produce. It would stimulate and prosper every kind and branch of industry, and with the retention of millions of capital at home, it would enrich onr coun try, and, aB capital increased, it wonld grad ually seek other channels of investment, among them those of our National and State bonds, railroad and banking corporation bond3, navi gation and insurance bonds, together with a va riety of others, drawing and retaining the an nual interest at home, instead of paying it, as at present, to foreign capitalists, and which wonld render safer onr public debt, cause onr expenses to fall short of onr income, and onr income to enlarge to its needful volume. Shall we at oneo adopt tho means of onr re lief ? Or shall we continue to bny everything from the smallest nail to tho largest steamer from the North? Every dollar sent out of onr own country will add forty or fifty cents profit to the receiver—and each year, tico hundred million of dollars will be added to the aggregate wealth of the North, to the depletion of that amount of wealth to the Sonth. In the area of the Sonth is tho most saln- brions climate in the world and tho richest soil, adapted to the various products of the earth, and capable of sustaining an immense popula tion. With the progress of agriculture and manufactures will follow population; and with manufactories in every region of the Sonth, double lines of railroads in all directions,we may snfely predict for the South a future of wealth and prosperity unsurpassed in tho history of the Western world. Tho Sonth has no occasion for fntnre idleness of any of its population. Every family should be represented in the various pursuits of life, and nothing should bo purchased abroad which can be successfully made at home; and though it may require several years to effect the ob ject, we should begin now to foster and encour age every undertaking that looks to a consum mation of these glorious results. To bo inde pendent is to bo self dependent, not leaning on the support or favor of any foreign community, State, or government, on earth. This, all must admit, is tho trno policy of the Sonth; and while this proposition may seem ambitions, it contains the germs of tho only means by which a large, useful, and successful organization can be established—one that will, if put into operation, accomplish tho grand ob ject sought by tho Agricultural Committee in the introduction of the resolution in their pro ceedings of the 7th of October last. Once firmly established, with a rapidly in creasing capital, the wealth of the corporation devoted to the objects enumerated, and tho as sociation, as it gains strength and power, will perform the functions of a grand credit mobilisr. Such an association of capital, under skillful and judicious management, wonld grow to be a corporation of vast power and influence in the country, rendering much needed aid to every conceivable industrial pursuit of the South, building up at home ship yards, controlling the vast shipping and commercial interests of these States—securing the speedy construction of cot ton, calico, woolen, and other factories; the construction of Southern railroads, engine and car factories, rolling mills, develop the vast mineral resources of the Southern States, and, in a word, placing the diversified interests of our section under the complete and profitable control of the productive capitalists of the South, besides protecting all, the small as well as the large producer, black as well as white, against the “combination of speculators and cap italists of the North,"all securing to themselves and their posterity, the full fruition of their labor! C. P. Culver. The Tribune on Georgia. The Tribune’s special, of the 10th, on Geor gia, reads as follows: The Judiciary Committee of the Senate held a session of several hours duration to-day, the whole time of which was occupied in the con sideration of the question of the reconstruction of Georgia. During the last session of Congress the Committee fully investigated the situation of affairs in that State, hut failed to complete a remedy. To-day the Committee agreed upon a bill, which will be presented to the Senate on Monday next. It embodies substantially the view of the case set forth by the President in his annual message. The Governor of the State will be empowered to convene the mem bers originally elected to the Legislature, and have tliat body organize, compelling all the members elect to take the oath prescribed by the reconstruction laws, and allowing no one to take a seat who is not elegible under the third clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This will give to the colored people all the rights belonging to them under the Civil Rights bill, and in all fntnre elections in the State, will compel tho ex-rebels either to elect men who are eligible for office, or forfeit their nght to representation. Tho course pursuedl byIho De mocracy of Georgia and tho bad faith since shown by the Democracy of Tennessee, have had a profound effect on the dominant party in Congress, and there is a determination to act with Georgia, Virginia, Mississippi and Texas, in such a manner that equal rights to all will be secured beyond the slightest shadow of a doubt. The Committee will accordingly supplement their bill with provisions to meet snch an end. Nothing was done in referencejto Virginia. Fourteen Buffalo girls have signed and sent this note to a modest young man: ‘We, Uie tu»- dersigned, have been comparing notes, and find that yon have been equally sweet to one and all of us and have paid the same compliments to each,* and made love in the same terms mevery case. We are indignant at snch daphcity, and demand an explanation. , , The “ modest young man must have naa a good time, and if the cases admit of exphmation he will have bis hands full during the winter. The “incapacity” of the Suez Canal is al ready oomplained of. It is said that it will require a good deal of dredging yet, andmany patching and pluggings of leaky walls and mounds; and it wifi still continue to require its yearly repairs like most other matters of human construction. 8hallowness, however, can be easily remedied in that Pelusian mud. A new illustrated weekly, after the manner of Hamer’s Weekly, but to be conducted mldie in terest of the Democratic party, and to be called the State, is expeoted to appear before long in New York. TVecIily Besome of Foreign A flairs. PREPARED FOB THE TELEGRAPH AND MESSENGER. Great Britain.—Tho situation, of Ireland claims tho whole attention of the English Gov ernment The Fenian organizations are untir ing in their efforts of initiating a merciless war of destruction against tho Sister Isle. Tho Cabinet has received very alarming reports, which will occasion speedily extraordinary measures to uphold the dignity of the British Crown in Ireland. Even a suspension of the habeas corpus act was discussed in the last sit ting of the Cabinet, but finally defeated. Two years ago, three Fenians, Allen, Larkin and O'Brien, who had killed a policeman while forcibly rescuing two of their leaders, Kelly and Deasev, from the hands of the law, were exe cuted in Manchester. Tho Fenian Patriots in Dublin kept alive the second anniversary of that martyrdom by assembling in the Church yard of Glasnevin, where a monument is erected to the memory of the three “Saints.” The crowd numbered about 10,000 people. The “national” papers do not indulge anymore in bombastio tirades, but argue the Irish question in passionless explanations, endeavoring to show the necessity of n revolution. “Unfurl the banner of independence, deliver onr still imprisoned brethren and conquer the liberty of onr people 1” they exclaim. They love to dwell on the great epoch of the French revolution, and, mocking the effeminate souls which pity the fate of Marie Antoinette, repeat the sum mons to the people to be ready for the great day. Now, this quiet way of reasoning the necessity of a secession from England may prove more dangerous than all high-sounding empty declamations a la Victor Hugo. Arthur Barclay, the chief of the greatest brewary firm in England, is dead. France.—Reports from Paris, announcing the formation of a liberal ministry, are not yet confirmed. The debates continue very excitiDg. Henry Rochefort made a reqnest that the pal- nco of the corps Legislatif bo guarded by the national gnaTds to protect the Deputies from any act of violence. The opposition supported his reqnest, but the majority opposing it, the bill failed. The most violent scene occurred when the opposition brought forward an act of impeachment against the Minister of the Inte rior. The Emperor is enjoying very good health. Engenie had arrived in Paris from her tour to the Orient. The agitations of the pro tectionists against the commercial treaty with England which will expire in 1870, seem, hap pily for France, to bo of no importance. Dn- panloup, Bishop of Orleans, has published a very violent letter, addressed to Louis Veuillot, editor of the nltramor-tane organ, “L Univers.” Ho blames Veuillot bitterly for interfering with the Roman Council and wishing to dictate to the Bishops bow to vote on it. Many Bishops, not only in France, apprehend dissensions in tho Roman Church, should the party of the Jesuits carry the dogma of the infallibility of the Pope. The “Revue Gontemporaine,” reviewing Vis- chow’s motion in favor of disarmament in the Prussian Landtag, thinks that tho North Ger man army, which, in its present organization, has a purely defensive character, cannot be re duced without leaving the State unprepared for any foreign invasion. North German Confederation.—Bismarkis still residing on his estate in Varzin, tho state of his health not permitting him to take any part in tho debates of the Prussian Landtag. Two important bills were laid before the Low er Honse by the Minister of Finances. The first referred to the conversion of various kinds of 4 and 4$ per cent Prussian Government securi ties into 4$ per cent, consols. A premium of one per cent, is offered to holders as an induce ment to accept the conversion, which, of course, is a voluntary ono. The second bill concerned the abolition of the flonr and meat tax in twen ty-eight different towns. The Government, though unwilling to abolish the tax, is ready to replace it by a direct impost in places where lo cal circumstances make the latter form of taxa tion more desirable. The first Conference of the Society for pro moting and aiding female industry, was held in Beilin. About one hundred and fifty delegates, chiefly ladies, were present, six of whom were from America. The best means of establish ing special industrial schools for females, and of supplying them with remunerative employ ment, were the principal objects discussed. At a supper the .health of tho Crown Princess, Princess Alice of Hesse, and the Grand Duchess of Baden was proposed, as a jnst tribute to the efforts made by these ladies to advance the ob jects of tho association. The health of the Queen of England was then proposed by Miss Dogget, of Chicago, and received with enthu siasm. Austria.—Tho Vienna papera criticise the policy of the Government in respect to Dalma tia with great severity. A short quotation from the “Wanderer,” odo of the ablest Vienna jour nals, will best serve as an illustration: “In the Austria of former times, where every ono who spoke in favor of a constitutional sys tem ran the risk of being hanged, the Govern ment, in a time of war or rebellion, simply delegated its powers to the General in com mand. What he did was right, and the policy he pursued was wise. Has this system re mained unchanged in spite of all onr talk about the ‘Now Era ?’ Have the responsible minis ters no right to interfere, we will not say with tho conduct of tho war, but with the treatment of thoso who have submitted or are taken pris oners? Onr military courts have often been mistaken. The sentences they have passed have been revised and annulled, tho reputations of the dead, who were sacrificed by them are un tainted, bat tho ideas for which they died are not bnried in their graves. Onr Government should, therefore, not allow the court martials entire freedom of action in Dalmatia. Unless some precautions be taken, Austria is in danger of elevating every common robber of the Boche info a hero, crowned with all the glory of mar tyrdom, while her own brave soldiers will appear little better than the servants and jackals of tho executioner.” The General in command seems, indeed, to have pursued a policy of extinction. Gallows, rained homes, burned villages, and districts laid waste, mark, as always, the tread of the Austrian forces. Spain.—The prospects of the Duke of Genoa to be elected a3 King of Spain are diminishing, and King Ferdinand, of Portugal, is again spoken of R3 a candidate for the royal diadem. Meanwhile, the Duke of Montpensier is using all his influence to be elected as ruler of Spain; and, to be nearer the centre of the government, he is about to change his residence from Sevilla, in the province of Andalusia, to Madrid. _ _ There are rumors again of Carlistic risings and conspiracies. The authorities have taken extraordinary measures to prevent new out breaks. Many arrests were made. _ The constitutional guarantees which were suspended . on account of the late Republican insurrections, have been restored to the country. General Prim, who shows a leaning towards the Republican party, declared in the Cortes that ten inen-of-war, among them two iron-clad frigates, with forty thousand men, had leO/or Havana since the outbreak of the Cuban rising. Cuba.—No further skirmishes have taken place between the belligerents. A Spanish man-of-war, with a battalhon of volunteers and the family of De Rodas, Captain General of the Island, had arrived from Cadiz. The Spanish bank was authorized to issue six millions of paper money as a loan to the government. Italy.—The ministerial crisis is still pending. Victor Emanuel has charged General Cialdini to form a new Cabinet. .. The Roman Council was opened by Fio Nono, with a splendor never witnessed in Rome m the present century. The dogma of the infallibility of the Pope will not be carried without great opposition. Most bishop? of the Latin race axe favoring it; but the German and part of the French Episcopate are expected to oiler & strenuous resistance. _ . . _. . A book entitled “DWoghie fea?‘en Fisico- A C avaHere AgatftO Lorgo, Roma, 1S69,” has lately been issued lorn the press of the “Civilte. Caitolica,” the organ of the Papal government. The following passages may show the spirit of the work: “Gjjly Cath olicism conld produce a Dante, a Tassd a Gal ileo, a Columbus. The anti-catholic sects can do nothing bnt state paradoxes and Jow ignor ance. What has natural philosophyheen from the times of Newton till onr own ?4A myth. What is Newton’s theory of attraclup ? The height of extravagance. When will (in ortho dox and sensible philosophy again nrijj ? When the theories of gravitation and affinity, the cen tral fire and Humboldt’s Cosmos arehanished to the region of chimeras. A singe man rises superior to all others, of wbatevvr clas3 and whatever station they may be. He is Fius IX, Rome’s great priest. His word has mthority, and before him the mighty men ofoarth and the wise men of this world shall bow their heads. Turkey.—The Turco-Egyptinn ©.-'yogi;? is atill in statu quo. The clouds are fib?- gather ing over the head of Ismail Pa:,ha. ’ loe Khe dive, in a respectful but peremptory letter to his suzerain, has declined tho Turkish demand not to contract any loans without the consent of the Turkish Government. Ismail Pasha is of opinion that the Snltan wonld make the most of the dependent position of Egypt in favor ol the exhausted Turkish treasury. In fact, both the Suzerain and the vassal, are extravagant spendthrifts who ought to have guardians. The Khedive sent his reply by an Egyptian man-of- war, which, contrary to all customs, did not pass the Dardanelles, bnt, contenting herself to dis embark the pilot and the Egyptian Ambassador, set sail again for Egypt. This Egyptian inno vation has caused a great indignation at the Court of Stambonl, and the Snltan is said tohaie spoken of the “unpardonable distrust of He Khedive,” who probably feared his vessel might be retained by the Turkish Government. Abdil Aziz has now instructed Aali Pasha, his Minis ter of Foreign Affairs, to break off all corres pondence with the Viceroy. An Imperial Oon- missioner, known for his energy, will shortly pro ceed to Cairo to present the Saltan’s ultimatnn to Ismail Pasha, who is to be deposed in caie of its non-acceptance. Jabno. Where Shall the Next State Fair Be? Editors Telegraph and Messenger : Whether we can keep np a State Fair at all is very problematical, for various reasons. It is conceded that there is no city in Georgia large enough to afford hotel accommodation for such a crowd as that which assembled in Macon in November. Tine, there is room enough in Macon and outside of it, within a circuit of ten miles to furnish standing and sleeping space for even the huge convocation that we so lately witnessed; bnt unless the Fair be over with by the 10th of October, so that we can live daring its continuance in tents, no snch conoonrse will ever again voluntarily gather together in this State, till they oan bo assured of a larger hotel capacity than any Georgia town can now boast of. This difficulty about accommodation oan be got rid of, if the managers will not remain so perverse ax to persist in holding the Fair in cold weather. Another obstacle in the way of holding tho next Exposition is to be found in the rivalry that always exists between cities when a good thing is to be disposed of. Very often too, these towns are utterly indifferent concerning a proj ect till it has been put in successful operation, and then they scramble for it like a crowd of lazaroni, among whom has been scattered a handful of coin. This grasping disposition was strikingly illustrated last year in the matter of the Eatonton Fair. The people of Pntnam tried hard to enlist tho citizens of the surrounding counties in their plans, at first calling their as sociation the Middle Georgia Agricultural Socie ty, or something of that sort, and proposing to get np a District Fair, to comprehend as many of the neighboring counties as felt disposed to go into it with them. A good many residents of other counties, some from Baldwin among them, did enroll their names, and they manifested a good deal of interest in the matter. A week or two after the Fair had been held in Eatonton, one of the Milledgeville papers, with an impu dence that was snblime, or a stolidity that was profound and hopeless, jnst as one chooses to consider it, proposed that a District Fair should be gotten np to comprise the counties adjoining Baldwin, including Putnam, and that said Fair shonld be located at the ex-capital. So now with a Savannah paper. The sea board city, as is well known, rather holds her self aloof from the rest of Georgia, and it is only because she wants onr cotton that she is induced to communicate with ns at all, thus displaying the genuine yankee instinct which perhaps is to be expected, from the number of her Yankee in habitants. She feels comparatively little inter est in the State at large, and that little is gene rated by avarice and covetousness, while Geor gia generally feels as little interest in her, and hence the universal satisfaction with which the prospect of railroad connection with other seaports is hailed. There are many jioble exceptions to all this selfishness, in Sa vannah, especially among the old established families. These are mostly well-behaved and polite, to say the least of it, and very often they are enterprising and Catholio in spirit It is the new comers, the parvenus, that so often put on the airs of the crow decorated with peacock plumes, or an ape tricked ont in a dandy’s fine ry. Well, one of the Savannah papers, seeing the success attending the Macon exposition, coolly proposes to locate the State Fair in the Forest City, because, forsooth, only there can sufficient honse room be fotrnd, and because, in that favored clime, “administrative minds" ex ist in such lavish profusion. I shall not give the idea of holding a Georgia Fair in Savannah a serious consideration, since nearly every man, who L 7es a hundred miles from the sea-board, will pronounce it ridicnlons and absurd. Augusta is more like a Georgia town. She seems identified, not only in interest, bnt in feel ing, with tho whole of our good old State, but Georgia News. Macon & Brunswick Railroad.—The Con stitution says as soon as a proposed connexion with the Western & Atlantic road can be effected, a regular passenger train will be put on, by whitli passengers can be placed in Savannah eight hours, and in Jacksonville, Fla., twelve hours earlier than by the Central railroad. Trains will run through in about fifteen hours. Through tickets to all points in Florida will sooon be for sale, at prices 25 per cent, less than ever offered before. It is thought that the passenger train will commence running in about ten days. A grand excursion train, from Louisville, Ky., through to Savannah and Jacksonville, will then take place. Success to the movement, and may the coffers of the companies grow fuller every day, Fine Passenger Coaches.—Two fine pas senger coaches for the Macon & Brunswick railroad passed through here on Sunday. One was named “The City of Macon,” the other “The City of Brunswick.” Emigrants.—Between forty and Shy em igrants reached here yesterday from Forsyth and Cherokee counties, Ga., bound for Jeffer son, Texas. They represent the emigration from the two counties as quite heavy. \ Melancholy Accident in Sanders yule.— Tho Central Georgian, of the 15th, reports the following: On Tuesday afternoon of last week, Mr. Isaac Hermann, having purchased a horse from a drover then in town, a colored man, Charles Jones, went to the stable for the purpose of watering the horse. Bringing him out, be per mitted another boy, Ben Scattergood, to mount the horse, without bridle, using oily a halter, IUK) L1IU W11 u 10 ui uui Hi uuu with the intention of riding to afveU on tho ! gh 0 is too far on one side to be convenient to public square. Finding himself _ Igain in the j 0 n c f our people, though a fair at that point street and doubtless eager to bo wit the drove, ' -wonld probably attract more visitors from Sonth the horse started at a rapid pace, wlich soon in- j Carolina than one held in any other place in creased to a dangerous speed for a fider without j Georgia; bnt if we have no town large enough bridle. The crowd on the street,seeing the i to accommodate the crowdfrom one State, what boy and horse, and supposing all was right, j could we do with the assemblage from two ? raised a shout, which tended still furher to ex- j Atlanta, however, claims the next State Fair, cite tho now fleeing animal. Dashing tcross the ; and with considerable show of reason andjns- sqnare, around the Court-house, he mtflo a dash j ti cej because the State Society resolved some for the hotel stable. Up to this timf the boy j time ago, that said fair shonld alternate between bad held his seat well; but just as to passed i the Gate City and Macon.. Now, very few men Dr. Parson's store tho horse shied from the j attach more importance to tho obligation of a crowd, hurling him to tho ground, kcking_ at! promise than I do. There are some uncondi- him, the cork of the shoe—as supposed—hitting ' tional pledges that must be redeemed at any his heart Tho blood gushed from tie wound ; CO st or sacrifice. But then there are such things in a terrible stream. Recovering from[the stun, j ag compacts, and it will not do for States’ Rights and his head being bound up, Ben waived homo, ! men to contend that parties to a compact may falling as lie reached the door. Amended by . BO t withdraw from or abrogate them. Legisla- one of onr best physicians, he lived uijtilThurs- tiye bodies of any kind may repeal the laws dity night, when death ended his to Springs, j that they enact. No one, I think, will assert Ben was a bright, intelligent boy, aid we sym- . that the State Agricultural Society is powerless pathize with his parents in their sad\bereave- to repeal its own legislation. It committed a ment. V \ great blunder when it decided that the State Installation of the Presbyterian Minister. ’ Fair shonld be migratory. Let it correot the Tho Columbus Sun says: Rev. J. H. Nall, who mistake just as soon as possible, has for over a year, been filling the pulpit of ! If we are to keep up a State Fair we must the Presbyterian Church, will be inrtalled as ' give it a fixed “local habitation.” Where, then, pastor next Sunday morning. Rev.' Messrs, shall it reside, in Atlanta? No. Because she, Cosby, of Cuthbert, Gaill ard, missionary of this like Augusta, is rather too far removed from Presbytery, McFay, of Albany, and J1 R. Me- . the centre of the State. But where is the plao6? Intosh, of Columbus, have been appointed a Macon, because she possesses all the advantages committee to conduct the exercises. Xev. Mr. ' claimed by any one of the other contestants; Cosby will preach tho sermon in the morning, she has as much hotel capacity as any town in after which the installation will take place. : Georgia; she has as much room around out- Death of Col. Flowers.—The LaGiange Re- , side for camping as any one can desire; she porter announces tho death of CoL James M. , has about as many railroads as any other place; Flowers, ono of the oldest citizens bf Troup : and then she can claim over all her rivals that county, which occurred at his residence four she is nearer the centre of the State than any miles from LaGrange, on Saturday last. of them, and that there is a splendid building The Greensboro Herald reports tie recent near by of just the character needed, deaths of Messrs. Benjamin Allfriend; Jno. W. • Here, however, is the conclusion of the whole Wright and Ephriam Brace, all respteted citl- matter. The first one of onr larger towns that zens of Greene county. ' ' shall organize a joint stock company with snffl- Mr. F. W. Hardwick, a prominent citizen of cient capital, and go to work, (aU other things Cherokee county, and for many years a Rcpre- ; being equal) is the town that will have the sentative in the Legislature from that county, largest and best exposition, whether it be called died at his residence a jew days since. a State, district or county Fair. Even Savan- President Yancey hasjcalled a meeting of the nahean draw a crowd in this way. People Vice-Presidents of the State Agricultural Socie- %ould not visit it as a Georgia fair, but they ty at AHnntu 0 n the 17th instant, to consider the would go to it as they would to an exhibition in reorganization of tho Society, and other matters ' Washington, New York or Paris. (Does this of interest to the same. comparison satisfy the ambitions and “adminis- Thb Intelligencer.—We notice that the trative minds” of our seaport ?) Let the rales name of Judge Jared Irwin Whitaker has been that govern all monied associations prevail in taken down from tho mast bead of the Intelli- the concern and it will be well managed. There gencer, where it has stood for so many years. will be no doubt as to where the legal right of [Atlanta Era. control rests; and that itself is a great point The Athens Banner of Friday, says the resi- gained. If Macon wants a fair next fall, let dance of John F. Fhinizy, Esq.', in Cobbham, her bestir herself immediately without waiting took fire Thursday night, about 12 o’clock, and for the State Society, form an association, elect was entirely consumed. directors and ell officers close around home, so —that they will always be in place when needed. Georgians Relieved. She can again have just as large a crowd as she and Macon can hold a 8 ” Georgia Fair ” in the Georgians NoahL. Cloud,.of Decatur county; ,Wm. F. , , - . - * . Wright, of Coweta county; Foster Blodgett and early autumn as I have reason to believe she W. C. Dillon, of Richmond county; H. H. Pet- »s now preparing to do. Foyntz. tis and John L. Harris, of Fulton county; Geo. H. Lester, of Oglethorpe county; W. W. Paine, of Chatham county; William H. Edwards and Amos T. Akerman, of Elbert county; E. B. Hagen!, of Jones county; T. W. Thurmond, of Spalding county; T. W. King, of Monroe coun ty; E. O. Granniss, of Bibb county; John C. Hendrix, of Atlanta; James M. Bishop, JeBse The State Road Money. The'Constitation publishes the following from Superintendent Htdbert : Dear Sib : In the editorial columns of the Constitution of the 9th inet. appears the follow ing ‘It is broadly rnmored that Gov. Bullock Hendricks, and William Kelly, of Dawson took with him a large sum of money to use in county; Robert D. Harvey, of Floyd county; influencing the action of Congress.” William D Bentley, of Forsyth county; Enoch It is further said that the money came from Humphreys, of Gordon county; G. M. T. Ware, the State Hoad Treasury. of Pierce county; G. T. Davis, of Brooks “The gross receipts of the road for October,” county E S. Griffin and James Hammock, of it is stated, “were $250,000, and for November Twiggs’ county; John R. Hill, E. Biohardson, $29G,000. Not a dollar has been paid into the and J M. Cooper, of Dougherty county; Benj. State crib for either of those months.” Conley of Richmond county: B. B. deGraffen- Neither Gov. BnlloCk nor Mr. Blodgett have reid. of Baldwin county; James W. Green, of taken any money from the State Road Treasury. UDaon county; Nathan Gunnels, of Banks The gross receipts of the road for October cotmtv Thomas J. Speer, of Pike county; were $116,792 37, and for November f180,805- Henry C Wayne, of city of Brunswick; Ch&s. 50, making a total of $237,507 87, being $208,- D. Davis, of Walton county; J. W. B. Somers, 402 13 less than the amount stated in year ar- of Newton county; Joel F. Thornton, of Greene tide. county William R. Davis, George M. Hood, The reasons for the non-payment of the usual and Charles P. McCalls, of Richmond oounty; amount into the 8tate Treasury for the months William M. Moore, of Warren oounty; Dicker- of Ootober and November were fully stated by son H. Walker, of Walton oounty; Dr. Thomas me in a communication to Gov. Bullock, under F. Green, of MiUedgevflle; Joseph McWhorter, date of November 25th, and published in the of Oglethorpe ebtmty. columns of the Constitution of the 8th. Notes on the Railway Situation in Georgia.—No. 1. Editors Telegraph and Messenger : It is my desire to send yon an occasional note or com munication on the Railway Situation in Georgia. Next to onr landed estate, there is no single interest in the State of greater magnitude and importance than onr railroads, which have cost their builders and owners, first and last, nearly, if not quite, fifty millions of dollars 1 This rough estimate incudes not only the orig inal cost, bnt the repairs which have since been made, as well as the depot buildings, outfit, etc. There seems to be some danger, however, not withstanding the magnitude of onr railway in terest, that public opinion is about to take, if, indeed, it has not already taken, a fatal depart ure from the track blazed ont by onr fathers; and hence, it has occurred to me that it wonld be no disservice to point ont the danger with which they xu-e_throatanAd, to tbo end that they may retrace their steps before it is too late. One or two observations just here: 1. I shall offer these articles to the Tele graph and Messenger for publication because of its central location, its large daily and weekly circulation, and the conspicuous liberality and ability with which it is conducted. 2. I do not own or control stock in any rail road in or out of the State of Georgia, nor do I own property on or near any railroad in or out of the State. I am a quiet man, hold no oifice or trust of any kind, and have no other interest in any of onr railways than any other citizen has. 3. What I may write will be written in good temper, and with no desire to provoke contro versy, or to attack any corporation or city, or interest of any kind. It may he necessary to state certain facts for the vindication of the troth of history, and to set forth the part which certain communities have played in the course of that history; with no view, however, to find fault, but rather—having indicated their error —to aid them in correcting it. 4. Such being the object of these articles, and the magnitude of the subject discussed, and such the temper with which they shall be written, it is hoped the newspaper press of the State will republish such of them, as they may have room for—and to that end they shall be as brief as possible, this article being the longest, probably, of the whole series. The public mind in Georgia was much occu pied with railroad topics from 1833 to 1840. The first charter granted by the Legislature was for a railroad or turnpike from Angusta to Eaton ton, and thence westward to the Cattahoochee River; bnt nothing was ever done with it. This was in 1831. The second charter was granted to the Central Railroad and Canal Company—now the Central Railroad and Banking Company—De cember 20, 1833. The third charter was grant ed to the Georgia Railroad Company, Decem ber 21, 1833, the object being “to construct a rail or turnpike road from the city of Augusta,- with branches extending to the towns cf Eaton ton, Madison and Athens,” etc. The fourth charter was granted to the Monroe (now Macon and Western) Railroad Company, December 23, 1833. The object of this company was to build a railway from Macon to Forsyth, which was subsequently extended to Griffin, and thence to Atlanta. An act was signed, December 21, 1835, to incorporate the Chattahoochee Rail road Company, with authority to bnild a road from Macon to Columbus, and thence to WeBt Point; and December 22, 1835, an act was ap proved by the Governor to incorporate the Brunswick and Florida. Railroad Company, which was subsequently amended so as to au thorize a branch road to be bnilt to the Chatta hoochee River. Charters for other railroads, canals and turnpikes in various parts of the State followed in rapid succession, amorig them a charter for the Southwestern Railroad and its branches. There seemed to be at this time bnt little system or method in the efforts of the people to provide themselves with the means of internal transportation, and many of their en terprises wore in direct conflict with each other. So manifest was this lack of any general rail way plan or system, and so great was the injury likely to result from a clashing of rival under takings, that onr foremost men—including statesmen, judges, lawyers, editors, merchants, and planters—undertook even at that early day to devise a system of internal improvements, that wonld meet all the existing wants of onr people; and which, properly developed and ex tended as occasion requires, might be made to answer all their fntnre wants. The great desire seemed to be to devise a system of railways that wonld open np speedy communication, first, be tween the States on the South Atlantic and the Northwestern States, and second, between the South Atlantio and the Gnlf of Mexico. The South Carolina Railroad, the initial movement in both directions, was begun and finished be fore any other railroad of any magnitude in the United States, and when completed it was the longest single railway in the world. The suc cess of that enterprise led to others, and char ters were readily obtained from the Legisla tures of Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina and South Carolina, to connect Char leston and Cincinnati, by a continuous line of iron roads. These charters are not now within my reach, bnt my recollection is that the Char leston and Cincinnati Ra-lroad was to pass, not across, but around the State of Georgia ; or, if it should pass through her territory at all, it would be by the Rabun Gap. The subject of railway communication at length assumed such importance that a grand Railroad Convention was called to assemble in Knoxville, Tennessee, July 4th, 1836. Nine States, to-wit, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Vir ginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, Sonth Caro lina, Georgia and Alabama, were represented in the Convention by 330 delegates, including many of their ablest and most enterprising citi zens. General Robert Y. Hayne, of Sonth Carolina, was President of the Convention, which remained in session several days. Among the delegates appointed from Georgia were A. H. Chappell, Washington Poe, H. G. Lamar, J. R. Batts, Augustus 8. Clayton, Richard W. Habersham, Mathew Hall McAllister, William Dearing, W. W. Holt, and other prominent citi zens, including, I believe, Chas. J. Jenkins and John P. King. The Convention attracted much attention at the time in all parts of tho Union, and especially in the States named above, its prime object being to oonnect the great States of the teeming Northwest with those washed by the South Atlantic. The charters which bad already been granted by Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina and South Carolina, contemplated a location of the Charleston and Cincinnati Railroad entirely outside of Georgia, and were a serious obstacle in the way of the delegates from this State. It was the earnest desire of the great body of our people to have the Road to pass through Geor gia, and, if possible, to reach the sea at Savan nah. The people of South Carolina were equal ly desirous that it should pass across their State and empty its rich and varied freights into Charleston. The delegates from Georgia, led by Chappell, Poe, McAllister and Habersham, finally succeeded, bnt not without a hard strug gle, in prevailing npon the Convention to recom mend to the States named above to bo amend the charters granted by them as to allow a branch road to be constructed from the main trunk at or near Knoxville, to some paint on oar northern boundary, there to unite with the roads then building and to be bnilt in Georgia. This was a vital point gained by the Georgia delegatee, and led in the end to the abandon ment of the idea of oonneoting Charleston and Cincinnati. The advantage thus obtained was subsequently pressed by onr people and legiflla-. tore, and the remit is now realized in the mag- vannah and Anuoaia to Atlanta, and on through Chattanooga ana Nashville to the Ohio and Mint issippi. The delegates to the Convention travw elled thither on horseback and in gigs and sulk, ies, and were as many days on the road aa it wonld now require hours to perform the jour ney. Bnt they have their reward, and the fad here cited is proof, not only of their energy and enterprise, but also of the vast and beneficial changes wrought out by the foresight and capi tal of those earnest men who have preceded na. Having accomplished their object in having Georgia admitted to share the benefits of tbs contemplated road from Cincinnati to tbs sea, onr delegates to the Knoxville Convention in- sued a call for a State Railroad Convention to assemble in Macon the first Monday in Novem ber following, and recommended that even oounty shonldeend delegates to the same, equal, at least, to the number of its representatives in the Legislature. The object of this latter Con vention, as dearly indicated in the call, was to consult “npon the expediency and practicability of building a railroad from some point «n the Tennessee River, below the suck, (near Chatta nooga) through Georgia, to some point ian tho Atlantio.” Tho Cosaoontinn met ia Macon on the day designated, and was one of the ablest bod ies that has ever assembled in Georgia. ’Among the delegates present were snch men as Ber rien, Wayne and Parkman, of Chatham : Chap pell, Foe, Seymour, Kiabet, Holt and the La mars, of Bibb; Glascock, King, Holt and St. John, of Richmond; Clayton, Hull and John A. Cobb, of Clark; Cnthbert, Rutherford and M. A. Kenan, of Baldwin; T. Butler King, of Glynn;' Campbell and Everett, of Houston; Redding and Speer, of Monroe; Spaulding, of McIntosh; B. Hill and Sneed, of Talbot; Fleyd and Williamson, of Newton; and Oliver H. Prince, who represented the Georgia Railroad, Griffin, Ezzard, Stell, Habersham, Cone, Boa ter, Chipley and others, that are well known throughout the State. Upon motion of Judge Clayton, a committee of forty was appointed, by whom an able and exhaustive report was subsequently made through Mr. Chappell, upon the* practicability and desirability of opening up communications by rail with the Tennessee river and the North west. The report was adopted with bnt two dis senting voices, and the subject promptly laid before the Legislatnre, then in session. The Convention recommended that the Legislatnre shonld commence a system of railroad improve ments “by constructing a railroad from a point on the Tennessee river, at or near Roseville, to some suitable point, at or near the Chattahoo chee river, running through the Cherokee coun ties, on the most practicabio route between aaid points, hereafter to be ascertained by Legis lative provision." This is the foundation and beginning of onr State Road. The Convention also recommended that private companies be au thorized to build branch roads from said trank road to Madison, Macon, Columbus, and such other points as the Legislature might designate,” the State investing one fourth of the capital necessary for each branch.” The Legislature proceeded immediately to act npon the suggestions of the Convention, and an act was passed, and assented to December 21st, 1836, “to authorize the construction of a railroad communication from the Tennessee line, near the Tennessee River, to the point on the Southeastern bank of the Chattahoochee River, most eligible for the running of branch roads, thence to Athens, Madison, Milledgeville, Forsyth and Columbus, and to appropriate mon ies therefor.” The State Road, or the Western and Atlantio Road as it is designated in the act, was accordingly built at the expense of tho State, and extends from Chattanooga on the Tennessee River, to Atlanta, on the Southeastern side of the Chattahoochee Rivet, where it connects with the lines from Augusta, Macon and Savannah. The people and Legislature, under the lead of onr delegates to Knoxville, gradually abandoned the Charleston and Cincinnati project, and struck out boldly for a more direct connection with tho Tennessee, tho Ohio and Mississippi; and this abandonment, and the difficulty of crossing the Alleghany Mountains, at length led to the defeat of that magnificent underta king. The grand highway from the Sonth At lantic to the Northwest now passes diagonally across the State of Georgia throughout its en tire length and breadth. So much for the plnck and enterprise and sagacity of the men wno projected onr great State railway and the sym tem of railroads as it existed np to 1865. This article is already longer than I intended it shonld he. In my next, I shall proceed, by your leave, Messrs. Editors, with the history of railroads in Georgia, and shall show what the railway system finally settled npon was, both for reaching tho Northwest and the Gulf cf Mexico. Hietorious. North Georgia Conference. From the Atlanta Constitution.] Rome, Ga,, December 13, 1869. (Conference met pursuant to adjournment Was opened with religious services by Dr. Wiley. Minutes of Saturday’s session was read and approved. Rev. L. Mitchell and Dr. Key, Ministers of the Protestant Methodist Church, were intro duced to the Conference. Rev. W. J. Scott presented the following: Whereas, The Baptist Church of Rome did, through one of its deacons, Thomas J. Perry, Esq., tender the proceeds of their monthly col lection taken up yesterday, to this Conference for domestic missions. Resolved, Therefore, that this expression of Christian courtesy and sympathy from a sister denomination is highly appreciated by us, and will ever be cherished in lively remembranoe; and that the Secretary furnish a copy of this to the Pastor of said Church, and one to the city papers for publication. Carried by a rising vote. A. Wright introduced a resolution to the ef fect that twenty per cent, be added to the as sessment for domestic missions, in order to raise a fund to'be kept on hand to meet the drafltB of the missionaries quarterly. Laid on the table. Rev. W. J. Parks moved that to-morrow at 10 o’clock be set aside to hear the report of the Committee on Orphans Home. Carried. Prof. Stark, editor of the Home Monthly, ad- ‘ dressed the Conference in behalf of hfa mag azine. : , Rev. J. W. Burke, also in behalf of the Southern Christian Advocate. Bishop then called the 1st Qr. Who are ad mitted on trial ? Ana. Felix P. Brown, Bingham E. Ledbet ter, Thomas II. Timmons, Wesley G. Hanston, Wm. M. Winn. George N. Lester introduced a resolution r^ questing Rev. R. A. Holland to deliver before the Conference S. S. Society his address on Journalism. Carried by a unanimous rising vote. Dr. Munsey, Secretary of the Foreign Mis sionary Society, asked for a committee of three to devise means to raise money to pay the Mis sionary debt. Carried. A resolution was introduced, asking Dr. Mou sey to address the Conference at some tinta be fore its close- Carried. The time set aside having arrived, the Con ference went into the election of the delegates to the General Conference, clerical and lay vot ing separately. The following was tile result: Clergy—Jesse Boring, W. IL Potter, W. J. Parks, W. P. Harrison, A. G. Haygood and A. T. Mann Lay—Geo. N. Lester, H. & Harris, Tho&uw M. Merriwetber, Rev. J. E, Godfrey, L. D. Pal mer and J. P. Garven. . , t H. H. Perks introduced the following, which was carried: * -i’ 1 Resolved, That a collection bo taken np ia each congregation in the month of Fekr*toy, to defray the expenses of delegatee, both cleri cal and lay, to the General back. Notices were given, i “ “ adjourned with boaodWtioa. '-.mW, A-1 •• 1 "■'I*!* 1 1 • “So yon are going to keepSHKharit t" said a young lady to W qjoy part, sooner than 4o feaVt wrinH<ttitwtj a widower with ntoe children.” “X aJuHttil^Keier _ _ that mjealf ” m tlifi qnfot rtjplpj. cifloent railways which, to-day, stretch XromSa- ’ the iriawHBff-u'. • i v -' _