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AND GEORGIA JOURNAL & M^SSETSTG^ER.
wf . ;^«vi
REID & REESE, Proprietors.
The Family Jour n a l.—N e w s—P olitic s—L iteratur e—A gricultur e—D omestio Affairs.
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING
ESTABLISHED 18-26.
MACON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 4, 1870.
VOL LXIV-NO. 23
" „ It Toils Not”—A Sonnet.
BYA.B. C.
i i:iic was bid to IDs vftlo,
So pure 80 8016 *“ a 80 fair ’
, : t bowed its meek head to the gale,
And trembled so white in the air,
_ Wo have h practical illustration of this opera- j seat the negroes; they want to keep up the ex-
tionof natural causes in our own section.' Pub-1 citement; BuUock desired to have the Legisla-
lio opinion and sentiment, moulded by our j ture purged in the outset, and insure the elec-
teachers and the press, has tolerated no middle
ground. Many, no donbt, whose judgment fal
tered, were guided by the love of affiliation with
An
the Ana and bonorablo, and by fear of the to fire the Northern heart, and to successfully
Prom the uttermost realms of light.
Made a P* 080 to tbeir 81111161111 of e0D o>
B And folded their pinions from flight;
fliey knew that the name of the flower
ffts called in the Holy One’s story—
Ahdo sacred it was from that hour,
The greatest were shamed by its glory.)
Ihen to Him who had named they bore it,
And planted it close to his feet,
Prom its friends of the wale they tore it.
To blossom to Eden so sweet.
Tears of Joy and Grief.
The human heart is passing Btrango,
It ever finds in tears reUef,
So matter if it swell with joy,
Or, overburdened, burst with grief.
The tears that flow from Joy's deep eprings
Are limpid, sweet, refreshing, cool;
Soft as the down on angels' wings;
Liko waters of Siloam’s pool,
They heal and vivify the soul.
Cool as the dews the skies distill,
They bathe tho cheek down which they roll,
And sparkle like a mountain rill.
Bat as tho lava’s fiery flood
Pours hissing down Vesuvius’ side,
And fiercely sears and bnms where’er
The serpent of the flame doth glide;
Thus, hot and scalding to tho cheek,
Are tears from Sorrow’s briny well;
And many times have blisters marked
The spot where tears of sorrow fell.
C. P.
Jlacon, December 2~lh.
For the 'telegraph and Messenger.']
Soles on tlie Situation—No. 2.
NOT BX B. H. DILL.
Tour humble correspondent claims no exemp
tion from such censure as may be due to the
errors of popular judgment, which led ns to tho
situation of which we nre to write. If, indeed,
in unofficial citizen can be said to bo in any way
responsible for it, by having advocated and
voted for secession, supported the Confederacy
to its final overthrow, gloried in the justice of
«oi cause, cherished down to this hour, a rev
erence bordering on idolatry for the genius of
ocr leaders and heroism of our soldiers, and by
baring opposed reconstruction as amended by
Congress on tho terms of negro political equal
ly- . . ..
In order to comprehend the situation and
foresee the destiny to which wo appear to be
tending, we must look to the causes that have
produced it. That taking counsel with out fears,
we at first stooped too low in making obeisance
to our conquerors, and that at a later period,
taking counsel of cur passions and stimulated
by undue confidence and misguided hopes of
immunity from danger, we assumed too much of
independence and defiance for the promotion
of onr true welfare and safety, all candid and
unimpassioned students of the last five years
of our history must concede. A part of the
error is onr own and not an inconsiderable part
is justly chargeable to onr Northern friends
bnt in both the error, in the main, is of the
bead and not of tho heart.
I feel warranted by abundant evidence in
concluding that no concession we could volun
tarily have made, or which might have been ex
torted from ns, would heretofore have fully and
finally restored us to the Union as political
equals with the Northern people—with the Na
tional Republican party in power—and that
viola that party shall continue in power, noth
ing can unchain ns from their oppression,
will not stop to argne to your readers a proposi
tion they, with gTeat unanimity, already believe
tobetrue.
Then, whatever we have done, and whatever
our Northern friends have done, tending to per
petuate Republican rule, has, with whatever
odium of dissenting, have opposed reconstruc
tion and all tho plans of the government. All
who attempted to take middle ground have been
forced to side squarely with ono or the other
party. To go with tho Radicals, who had con
quered and were insulting us, was to invite al
most universal odium and intolerance. In many
places it was extended to social ostracism.
I am not now condemning or justifying this
policy as applied to tho men and their motives,
who did thus throw themselves into the arms of
our enemies. Tho effect was to confirm Northern
opinion that we were still rebellious against tho
Government—and by affiliation with the North
ern Democracy, to insuro tho defeat of onr
friends—the only sourco through which we
could hope for deliverance. Our intolerance of
reconstruction and of all its advocates—our re
fusal, under the advice of our leaders, to take
part in it, or to seek, as many of us desired,
through white truly Southern delegates in con
vention, to modify the State governments so as
to mako them less intolerable—has thrown these
governments into the hands of our worst men,
and armed them with the power they now have—
in a word, brought on tho situation of which wc
shall attempt to write.
The following appeared among the press tele
grams yesterday:
Georgia is in a state of duress and must yield
to the demands of tho Radical party, or bo
sacrificed.
I believe a prompt Convention of the people
will avert tho calamity. Of this I am assured
by influential Republicans. J. P. H.
Various ideas occur to us in explanation of
theso telegrams. Ono is that the Radicals in
Congress, since the Georgia bill has passed, may
be afflicted with some doubts whether any good
is like to como of it to themselves either*in or
out of Georgia, and are willing to take shelter
under a specious and delusive and impractica
ble proposition for compromiso.
Another is that, in the Georgia bill, the atro
cious policy of amending the Constitution of
the United States by coercion, bribery and in
timidation, is disclosed in perhaps a more unde
niable and offensive form than in any other of
the acts of Congress. It is plain enough in the
amended reconstruction acts; but in this case
we may say a State is firet kicked out of the
Unjlon in order to compel her to vote for the
Fi/teenth Amendment, as a condition of re-ad-
m/ssion. The press telegram represents Sena
tor Morton as saying: ‘“The wholo of this
(Georgia) legislation is to secure the adoption
of the Fifteenth Amendment,” which is a direct
yprbal admission of the fraud upon tho State
and nation.
Tho same admission in substance was repeat
edly made in the Senate during the discussion
of tho bill, until Senator Carpenter remonstrated
against it as likely to bo dangerous to tho valid
ity of tho bill.
motive done, tended to prolong onr politioal
degradation, and continue the obstructions and
difficulties that Re in onr way of progress in
national development and restoration to peace
at home, and with the general Government.
Tie Northern people were so nearly a unit
against ns during the war, and we so thoroughly
sailed in our struggle for politicalindependence,
that I feel warranted in treating of tho two peo
ples as united against each other, and actuated
by opposite and hostile opinions and views.
Their defeat would have been onr triumph—
their shame, our glory—and vice versa. Their
pnblie men developed abilities and acquired
reputation and power, by what they did in sub
doing ns, and the samo natural causes would
have placed and kept our great captains and
leaders in counsel, at onr head controlling gov
ernment, moulding poUcy and opinion, if wo
had been successful.
The RepubUcan party by accession to power
and in pursuance of its policy brought on tho
war^-whipped into submission temporarily all
parties at home, and hurled them willingly or
unwillingly against ns. In doing so they open
ed many domestic wounds, and sowed tho
seeds of their own destruction—and they soon
sprang np and began to crop out. If the Na
tional Democratic party had organized at home
usd fought with the weapons exclusively their
ovn, Radicalism would ere this have been a by-
vord of national reproach — and the party
doomed to hopeless defeat. Bnt they sought
with ns and we with them a National political
alliance.
Tho masses of the North thought they were
not only to overthrow radicalism, but to con
demn the policy andthe party thnthnd triumphed
and saved their government, by an open alli
ance with ns, if not tho restoration of onr
leaders in rebellion as they call it, to position
and power in tho government,to the suppression
and condemnation of their own—Northerasonti-
B rat admitted of no middle ground for their
public men. It assigned men to a place with
rebellion and its leaders—or the Union and the
filoty claimed for tho leaders and people who
nad preserved it at so much cost of treasure and
Llood. It was too great a weight for tho noble
democracy to carry even in the face of RepubR-
ean blunders and crimes. Tho people preferred
to prolong their power rather than write their
condemnation and a seeming endorsement of ns
to the edicts of the National ballot.
..In 1SC6, the Democratic members in Congress
tovited us to a convention at Philadelphia,
Ponding a State election. These views were by
•be_ writer forcibly urged there in a communi
cation to the Daily Telegraph, which was re
fined publication by its then gifted editor. The
troth of it was verified a few years after, when
Forney replied through bis paper to the speech
of General Dick Taylor, at Philadelphia, that
d was not the “first time the rebels had invaded
Pennsylvania.” - ' ■■■■(’
The nomination of General Grant dragged
heavily in tho North. Democratic confidence
almost ran riot all over the land. It is true
•bat the consequent struggle among our leaders,
to>d the final injudicious combination of candi-
“ ales i damaged us much; but tho ticket was
defeated by the first night’s proceedings after
•he. nomination was made. The flag, ai soon
84 it was unfurled, was rapturously seized by
J?* n i of all tlie most beloved by us, I rut of all
•he most bated by the people of the North, and
;'>e shadows of defeat began to-thicken upon
1 3 brilliant folds immediately, and the clouds
o disperse that had brought dismay to the
•Republican camp.
tion of Brown and Blodgett tothe U. S. Senate;
by expelling tho negroes now you will furnish
him with the means to keep np the excitement,
invoke the aid of Congress to do what he has
not himself been able to accomplish. Not only
this, but when this reconstruction business, bad
as it is, shall be undone, fresh vials of wrath
will be poured out upon us; bloodshed may
be provoked—it may ba desired—and thus the
passions of the war, fostered and kept alive by
artful devices, will bo carried over to the next
Presidential election, with such results as we
already experience.” If the men hero named,
or either of them, had thus addressed the Dem
ocratic members of tho Legislature, inexperi
enced, vain and ignorant as most of them are,
who believes we would now be deploring their
amazing folly?
Wo lack many things in the South. We want
capital, and railways, and manufacturing estab
lishments, and schools, and good crops, and re-
a pure judiciary, honest and faithful officers,
and a correct pubho sentiment, we shall not
feel much concerned about federal offices. It
is to secure these results to the people that wo
advise our friends to take this last monster by
the horns and throttle the thing in its very in
cubation.
State of&’artics in tlie Georgia Legis
lature.
We copy the following from the Atlanta Con
stitution, of Tuesday:
We have been looking into the matter closely.
With the broadest application of the Georgiabill
in the Senate there wi\l remain thirteen Dem
ocrats. If no Republicans are excluded, there
will be twenty-five, of vhom five on no occasion
ever.voted in favor of tny extreme measure of
Radical policy,- and cai probably be relied up
on to vote against Radicalizing the State.
Others of them have never been considered by
Bullock, Blodgett and Conley, sis reliable Rad
icals.
. _ . - Thus, the union of the moderate Republicans
mnneretiva prices. But we need something with the Democrats against extreme measures,
else still more, and that is a ore at leader—a no-1 1 ■_ r. «>o
else still more, and that is a great leader a no- can ma ke a majority of Jjfi - who will probably
litienl Moses, with the eonrnoe. the wmns. the ... •* * ' >■ 1 J
litical Moses, with the courage, the genius, the
patience and the self-denial to conduct ns by
the shortest and safest route from Radical bond
age to the land of peace and security. Hamp- At toait ei hty of lhese are eligi i )le Democrats,
ton struck the key note soon after the war, but: Accoraing b to ? he report c f the radical members
tho people still smarting under their wrongs, of tho c^utee $ tUe Ho nse, who reported
were unable to follow him. If Mr. Calhoun , - -- — ’ 1
were aRve I firmly believe that each Southern
State would now be represented in the national
Congress, with such rights as could be saved
from the late political wreck, and with our hon
or still safe and in our own keeping. He would
have seen the end from the beginning, and
would have moved right on to it, and by yield
ing to what his superior sagacity enabled him
to foresee was inevitable, have saved to ns and
our posterity many precious rights and privil
eges that are now lost to ns forever.
Georgian.
Mr. Hill's New Issue of “Notes on the
Situation.”
Editors Telegraph and Messenger: I regret
to see that Hon. B. H. Hill has commenced a
new issue of his '‘Notes on tho Situation.” If
the value of the “Notes” wore in proportion to
their circulation, possibly some good might
come of them; bnt unfortunately this is not
the case. I know Mr. HU1 well, and am his
personal and poRtical friend; and yet I protest
against foRowing his lead any further. There
are thousands of inteIRgent Democrats in Geor
gia who feel as I do in this matter.
There have been two political leaders in Geor
gia since tho war—Mr. Hill and ex-Gov. Brown.
Tho former actuated by patriotio motives,
sought to lead tho Democratic party along a
path of safety back to tho shelter of the Consti
tution ; but unfortunately he was not equal to
the task. The latter, prompted by the most
unworthy considerations, yet sustained by re
markable sagacity and uncommon ability, has
succeeded in placing the Radical party in un
disputed power in Georgia. Tho one has led a
good cause unwisely; tho other has crowned a
bad cause with victory. It is difficult to say
which has done the more barm—tho one by his
bad lead in a good cause, or the other by his
good lead in a bad cause.
Already we see certain newspapers following
the lead of Mr. Hill, trying to cover up their
own mistakes, and at tho same time to break
the force of tho late outrageous legislation in
Washington, by saying it is not a matter of
much consequence, after all, since the Legisla
ture hadalready determined to reseat tho expell
ed negro members and ratify the 15th amend
ment. What a confession! Bnt granting what they
say to bo true, what explanation havo they to
offer about the new oaths required of tho mem
bers of the Legislature by the late Congressional
iniquity? And what about the controlling ma
jority in both houses of tho Legislature,' which
this provoked purging of their membership wJli
assuredly give our enemies ? And what about
the Negro MiUtia which Congress is already
preparing to give Governor Bullock. And what
about tho now assured sale of the “Opera
House,” and the squandering of tho revenues
of the Stale Road, and of the taxes of an over-
burthened people? And what about the coming
demoralization of onr labor by colored militia
companies marchiDg to and fro in tho State,
leading to riot and bloodshed, and the other un
numbered wrongs that will certainly flow from
this new reconstruction ? Had the Legislature
determined to inflict theso ills upon ns also?
If not, was it wiso in ns to give Congress a pre
text to forge those additional links to our already
lengthened chain?
If the negro members luid not been erpeV.cd,
would any of these wrongs have been heaped
upon Us?
When wiR onr people learn wisdom ? The
negro members had done all the -harm they
con’d do, by assisting in the organization of the
two houses, and in the confirmation of Judges
and the election of Senators; and could wo not
have waited a littlo while—at loaat until wo had
got ont of tho woods, before wo commenced to
shout ? If we had been patient, and, without
approving any of tho wrongs put upon us, had
made the most of our sad lot, and bided our
time until we could have placed our feet upon a
rock, our misfortunes, at tho worst, would havo
been short-Rved; whereas it now looks as if wo
should have to lio down under them for the next
twenty or fifty years, and perhaps forever!
Meanwhile Mr. Hill has been our leader.
But has Mr. Stephens done his dnty ? Have
General Toombs and Ex-Gov. H. V. Johnson
done theirs? Have not most of onr editorial
friends taken counsel of their just resentments,
rather than of their calmer judgments? All
they havo said may have been true, but was it
best? Have tbeir counseLs been seasonable?
and havo their utterances been “words fitly
spoken ?” Mr. Tift, a man of sense and sa
gacity, endeavored to point us to tho safe path
qualify.
In the House there are near ten vacancies,
leaving one hundred and sixty-five to organize,
“What Shall We Do?”
Under this head the Chronicle and Sentinel,
of Tuesday, considers the situation in a long
editorial, from which we extract the following:
Bat the people of Georgia are otherwise vital
ly concerned with the immediate effects which
the passage of the Georgiabill may accomphsb.
Leaving out of question the great constitntional
points involved, wo have a direct and personal
intesest in the enforcement of the bill by the
Legislature, soon to been assembled. If Bullock
shall be able, through tho indifference or refnsal
of the Democratic members to take their seats,
to secure a majority in both branches of that
body, it requires no prophetic ken to determine
in advance the Rno of action which will be
adopted.
Probably among the first acts of that body
wiR be the repeal of the present admirable jury
law, and the enactment of one which will fill onr
j ury boxes with negroes who are whoRy unfit from
ignorance and past training to pass upon ques
tions involving the life, Rberty and property of
the citizen.
The laws in relation to common carriers wiR
be so amended as to require all distinctions in
regard to passengers to be abolished.
Laws will be enacted forcing upon us equaHty
in our churches and places of public amuse
ment.
Tho recent elections for sheriffs, justices of
tho peace and constables will be declared inop
erative and void, and the State filled with the
worst class of negroes in all these offices.
The people will be taxed to an extraordinary
and intolerable extent to estabHsh, foster and
support mixed schools. ,
The municipal governments of our largo cities
and towns will be destroyed and their manage
ment and control turned over to officials appoint
ed by the Governor or elected by the Legisla
ture.
Bullock and Blodgett will bo elected United
States Senators, and the State Road will bo con
veyed to a few Northern sharpers and native
thieves.
Bnt we forbear. The list of contemplated
iniquities, Rke the spirits which appeared to tho
extorted vision of Macbeth, might be stretched
to the crack of doom, and then some infamous
plot which no forethought could havo anticipa
ted, will bo concocted and enacted to further
our ruin and increase our burdens. And now
wo approach tho question which beads this ar
ticle, What shall we do in the premises ?
We say, after mature reflection, the first thing
to he accomplishedis to cultivate a spirit of kind
ness and forbearance toward those in our own
party who differ with us on the question of rati
fication. While we have been and are still op
posed to this thing—while we could not, if a
member of the Legislature, under any circum
stances vote for it, we are not in favor of making
opposition to it a test of party fealty. We are
perfectly willing to accord to those who differ
with'us on this point the widest latitude and
freest action. We shall accord to them pure
motives in the position they may take, and shall
not attempt to influence them in the opposite
direction. The whole matter is fully before the
people—the argument has 'been exhausted and
the time for action has arrived.
Thoso members of tho Republican party in
the State who have, from the first, opposed tho
upon the eligibility of the House members, only
three were said to have been ineligible, McCul
loch, Long and Nann, the rest, in tho language
of Bryant and Neal, extreme Radicals, “having
by their oaths rendered themselves clearly eH-
gible.”
Their eligibility is again to he tested by their
oaths. Not more now than then will be ex
cluded by the oath of the recent act of Congress.
This will leave 102 in the House, of which 77
are Democrats,
The vacancies made by tho ineligibility of
Long and Nunn, it is said, will bo filled by two
Democrats who received the next highest num
ber of votes in the election of 1808.
The vote for U. S. Senator in the House,
July 29, 1868, is a fair test of Republican, as
well as Radical strength. The Republican vote
was 71. Of these, six have died or resigned,
leaving 65. Only 54 voted for Blodgett, though
the nominated candidate of tho party, with all
Bnllock’s appointments for sale to buy his elec
tion. Thus, with the negroes in, and the few-
Democrats out, the House would be in the con
trol of the Democrats and moderate Republi
cans, who have never, under any sort of press
ure or temptation, given their votes to Radical
measures.
At the organization of the House in 1868, a
Democrat was elected Clerk by five majority
over a leading RepnbRcan, Hardin received 38
votes.
Since then, in fiUing vacancies, five Demo
crats have been sworn in as members. By
death and resignation, the Radical vote has been
lessened, it is said, nine members.
In every view there is much reason to hope
the Legislature will not be under Bullock’s con
trol ; and there is almost a certainty that his
control will not enable him to succeed with the
most important, to him, Radical measures.
We shaU say more of this again.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Death of Stanton—Exit or the C. B.’s—Presl-
dent and the Georgia Bill.
Special Correspondence Telegraph and Messengce.
Christmas Day, ISG9.
People are making merry here to-day, in tho
usual way. The shops are closed, the Depart
ments are closed, and there is no news to be had
for love nor money.
Yesterday tho city was startled by tho an
nouncement of the death of Edwin M. Stanton.
The general tenor of remarks on his decease
was rather congratulatory. A private dispatch
was received here from ex-Fresident Johnson,
last evening, in which he spoke of tho death of
Stanton as “a great event,” and expressed sym
pathy for the family of the deceased.
Carpet-bagger Bullock, had not left the city
last evening. He was seen on Pennsylvania
Avenue, in the afternoon, gracefully dinging to
the arm of the correspondent of Forney’s Press.
He is the last carpet-bagger left rnnning alone;
all his thieving companions are happily gone.
It will be a reRef for the Radical newspapers
here, when Bullock goes too. It requires the
entire attention of one reporter from each jour
nal to chronide his carpet-bag dinners at negro
restaurants, and other festive and “trooly loil”
blow-outs.
The President has expressed his satisfaction
with the Georgia bill; bnt cui bona/
Dalton.
Georgia Never Tire.
Under tie above head tho Charleston Nows
expresses some ideas, so concurrent with onr
own in the editorial of to-day, that w® may be
charged with plagiarism, although the News
containing the article came by mail some hours
after our editorial was written:
Tho Washington Chronide of yesterday says
that the order promulgated on Friday, assigning
General Terry to duty as Military commander
of Georgia, remands that State to tho condition
occupied under tho old Reconstruction acts, and
is signed under aathority derived from them.
The administration, according to the Chronicle,
construes the recent acts of Congress on the
subject to be “a virtual repeal of all laws passed
sinco the first organization of tho State govern
ment after tho war.”
It is nothing new for Congress to claim abso
lute power to chtnge, by a simple enactment,
an independent State into a military province,
or a military province into a radically indepen
dent Stqjo ; but In tho case of reconstructed
Georgia, the dominant party havo not even tho
poor excuse which justified their conduct to
ward the whole of the Southern States, at tho
time of passing the Reconstruction measures.—
Georgia, as the Nation distinctly states, “has
been already ‘‘admitted to the Union, under a
solemn act of Congress, or, in other words, un
der a pledge of the nation, after having formally
fulfilled all the conditions exacted of her by the
original Reconstructions acts.” And now the
supporters of tae Georgia bill claim that the
Slato is not in the Union, because her senators
have not been admitted to their places in tho
Senate; something, as tho Nation says, that
“might happento Now York to-morrow.” Be
cause tho senators have not taken their seats,
Congress overtims tho Stato Government,
“puts the people undor martial law, and im
poses fresh terms of reconstruction.”
What Democratic Members of the i A Typhoon at Sea.
Legislatore fan Take the New ! It is not often one reads K more forcible de-
Oath 7 soription of a storm at sea than is to be found
onr lsslie °f yesterday we suggested that, 1 in tho foRowing dispatch from Admiral Rowan,
m our opinion, it would be proper for those ; of (& v s shi Idaio on her ^ from Yo ka-
membere of the Legislators who cannot take the i, T 0
new test oath, or whose “disabilities” have not! homa ’ Japan, to Hong Kong, 26th of last Sep-
been removed by Congress, to resign. Now, let 1 tember:
us see who can take the new oath. The follow
ing is lhe old test oath contained in the Recon
struction Acts:
OLD TEST OATH.
. L liave not been disfranchised for par
ticipation in any rebellion or civil war against
the United States, nor for felony com-
During the afternoon of the 20th inst. the sky
was clear and bright, and we carried studding
sails until evening. Throughout the midwatch
of the 21st inst the wind continued the same,
the ship making ten knots per hour. At day-
Rght a Rght drizzling rain set in. Daring the
morning watch the sea became moderately
rnnoh. nntl iTnrincr iViA oVin onm.
“ eVer ^'ometer stood 29:70. At 1 i>. u. topsails were
nor J 1 . 6 ^ I. reefed, and the wind freshened so rapidly that
before the hands were piped down, the mainsail
any executive or judicial office in any State
and afterwards engaged in insurrection or
rebellion against the United States, or giv
en aid or comfort to the enemies thereof;
that I have never taken an oath, as a member of
and mizzentopsail were furled.
' At 3 p. m. the foresail was furled, as there
were signs of weakness along tho head. During
this watch a new foresail was bent, the fore-
CongreM of the United States, or as a member , storm-staysail and trysail- were set, and 4 p. m.
ot any State Legislature, or as an executive or | the ship wrb lying to on a port taok under a
judicial officer of any Stale, to support the Con
stitution of the United States, and afterwards
engaged in insurrection or rebelRon against the
United States, or given aid or comfort to the*‘Tho sea was quite rough, but eLo rode very
Tlie Georgia Bill—Wliat Does it
Meau ?
The essence of the bill consists in its assump
tion that the Legislature has never been legally
organized. According to the theories of the
party which has controlled the Government of
the United States since the war, the civil ma
chinery existing in what are called the “rebel
States,” is only provisional until legal and State
Governments are recognized by Congress in the
admission of the State to representation.
The very foundation of a legal civil State
Government, is the Legislature. Until that is
organized, there is no Governor, no Judges, no
Stato Honse Officers, no organization at aH.—
Such officers, it is true, exist as they have ex
isted ever since Governor Jenkins was inaugu
rated in 1865, bnt they are mere temporary,
provisional officers. Their acts are lawful—
they sit in Ctesar’s place, and so long as they
sit there they perform Ctesar’s acts. But they
are merely temporary holders of tho seals of
offico until tho permanent organization is af
fected. When that occurs—when the Legisla
ture is legally organized as the permanent or
ganization—this whole temporary, provisional,
preparatory machinery goes by the board, and
gives place to the permanent Government pro
vided for by the Constitution. Then Gov. Bul
lock ceases to be Provisional Governor, and en
ters upon the 'duties of the office to which he
was elected under the reconstruction acts. So,
too, of all other officers elected under the ordi
nance of the Convention. They have possession
of their offices as provisional encumbents; they
will bo commissioned as permanent officers
when the provisions of the Reconstruction Acts
have been complied with, and this compRance
approved by Congress.
Thus the Governor, Legislature, and other
officers who were elected under the Reconstruc
tion laws as permanent officers, to be inducted
into their positions when the Legislature should
be legaUy organized, will, when that event takes
place, each enter upon the respective duties of
his position ss a permanent State officer. All oth
er officers—Judges, Stato House officers, Sena
tors, Magistrates, Notaries, etc.—dependent as
they are upon tho legal organization of the Leg-*
islaturo, holding their positions as they nowdo as
provisional, temporary, preparatory fnnctlona-
aries, will bo replaced by officers elected under
tho permanent Government.
We take it for granted that, in the main,
these officers will simply be re-appointed and
recommissioned. We merely state the theory
of the party in power; not how that theory will
bo worked out.
The appointment of General Terry to dnty
under the Reconstruction laws is tho first step
in carrying this theory into effect. Georgia is
now under these laws—in military hands—with
a provisional Government, and so wiU continue
until the permanent government is organized
and reconstruction completed.
[Atlanta Intelligencer.
....tt - „„„„ t Certain it is tlat tho Rpdicala wiH mtifeo'no
extreme and violent measures of Bnliock and ^ lrl 8 out of Georgia by tbeir latest outrage.
Blodgett, and who are' now, wo think, opposedThey with {ho. assistance of Federal hayo-
to this last crowning oulraga-snch men as i nets . down tho people for a tune, but as
- A •_ - ■ ■ - . . 1 OAAD no 4 A A t r A A ft O OYfl XT* it Mtirn TUB I ▼ fl A T* m O U/l I I
Akerman, Josh Hill, Fannin, Angier, Farrow,
the McWhorters, Holden, Jordan, and the liko,
who are fully identified with tho best interests
of the State, and who must view with alarm the
soon as the troops are withdrawn, Georgia will
be just as much t white man’s country as it is
this day. The whito people of Georgia cannot
be overcome by a legion of BnUocks and Browns,
efforts which BuUock, Blodgett & Co. are mak- “4£ tb6 y we J° ? minority instead of a major
ing to destroy our social organism, and inaugn-; **7’ *^fy daih enough and pluck enough to
rate hell in our midst; will, wo hope, co-oporato 8™ them the control of tho State and nerve
with aU true friends of virtue and of the State,; enough and brams enough to keep it.
in proper efforts to defeat the schemes of Bui-!
lock and of tho extremists. This is no longer a I The particulars of Sir. Stanton s death are as
question of reconstruction policy. It is ono which follows: On Thursday he complained of his
out of our troubles; and yet how fiercely tho
press turned upon him! Somo of tho members
of the State Democratic Executive Committee
sought to avert the storm, but their labors were
-unavailing. A timely word, however, from Mr.
BuUock and Blodgett havo been active and instru- 1 sickness, but hB family were not alarmed as to
mental in forcing upon us, that they might bo : a fatal resnlt, as he had apparently been in a
benefitted at tho expense of tho poople. It is j worse condition previously. Shortly after mid-
no longer a party question with Republicans. ! night his symptoms became alarming. Surgeon-
Loading Northern and Western men of that' General Barnes was present on his accustomed
party oppose thin iniquity as indignantly ns wo ' visit, but found it impossible to afford relief.—
of tlia South. Bingham, of Ohio, if not the ’ Rev. Dr. Starkie, of tho Church of tho Epiphany,
ablest, certainly ranking with tho ablest men in Protestant Episcopal, of which Mr. Stanton was
tho House, openly and strongly opposed tho a member, was summoned, but shortly aftor-
bilL Many Republicans opposed it whoso I ward tho sufferer lost consciousness and was
names do not appear in thelistof nays recorded unable to converse with any ono. The pnlsa-
on its final passage—some yielding a reluctant •' tion of his heart ceased for a few seconds and
assent, and others avoiding a vote. The same thon returned, his breathing beingvary faint.—
class of Republicans in this State—those who It was. not until half an hqur before his death
have intelligence to perceive the wrong, and who that his family could realize that ho was dying.
Jtavc a real personal interest in our welfare— ' About three o’clock ho expired. Surgeon-Gen-
wid, we hope, co-operate with the true men in the oral Barnes says that he never saw a man die so
Legislature and in the State to defeat this quietly in his life, breathing away without a
crowning horror. (struggle. He died of congestion of the heart.
Wo feel very confident that if a combination • At his bedside in these last moments .were his
of the conservative dements in the Legislature ' family, consisting of Mrs. Stanton, his eldest
can be made, that it will be tho death-kneff of ’son Edwin L. Stanton, Ella, his oldest daughter,
BuUock and his party. But to accomplish any about twelve years of age, Lewis, his second
good results in this direction wo cannot spare ; son, nine years of age, and Bessio, his youngest
a single Democratic vote. If members, yielding j child, five years of age.
to what we must consider counsels not well con-! .
siderod, shall voluntarily absent themselves ! A carious method of celebrating tho acconoh-
Stephens, or General Toombs, or Ex-Governor poRcy incur a vast reaponsibiRty—a responsi-
Jphnson, or Mr. Hill, would havo saved us from j biRly which tho people who elected them will
upon tfin assembling of tho Legislature, all will ment of tno Princess Margaret, was adopted in
be lost. Such a course is what BuUock most de-' Naples. Everything pawned fora less sum
sires. It wiU enable him to take perfect and . than'five francs was redeemed and presented to
absolnto control of both houses and dictate just — 1 1
such measures as he may desire enacted. Such
a course yields in advance the whole position to
the enomy. It will require years of suffering, of
insult, of outrage, and perhaps of violence and
blood, to regain our lost ground. Those mem
bers of the Legislature who adopt tho stay-away
the negro-expulsion blunder and its prolific
brood of wrongs and blunders. If cither ono of
thoso gentlomea had repaired to Atlanta, and
pointed ont to tho inexperienced young men
surely call them to account for. They havo the
means within their grasp of defeating BuUock.
Theso they must U3e to the best of their abiUty.
We regard the situation a3 one of so much
who were ambitious to be regardedas leaders moment as to require the earnest and continued
in their respective houses, tho foUy of their! efforts-of hot only the members of the Legisln-
proposeu eocreo, the latter would havo retraced: turo, but of aU, truo men in tho State. Not
thc-ir steps at once. If they had said to tho I that wo believe that any action short of an un-
Demozraiio members: - “ Refrain from doing, conditional negro-radical organization of the
this thin" • the negro members havo done aU j State will secure our admission to representa-
ihe harm they can do, and you wiR only bo tlori. This wo have como to regard as of minor
playing into BuUock’s hands by expelling them : importance. So long as we can control the leg-
now- he and his party do not want you to pass islation of the State, so long ns we can mould
the Fifteenth Amendment, and many of tho and adopt .our laws in accordance with the - m-
Radical members wiU even vote with you to un- terestp of the people, so long as we can maintain
tho original owners.
The present lawRmitsthe number of mem
bers of the House of Representative to two hun
dred and thirty-three.- Tho Yinton lew, as it
was caUedfrom tho author, Samuel F. Vinton,
of Ohio, was intended to fix this as the perma
nent number. An extension of the number, by
adding two fifths of the blacks to the represen
tative number, was not then contemplated.—
Now it is proposed to fix the number definitely
and permanently at three hundred.
Nearly every member of tho Passaic Council
was under arrest on Tuesday, in consequence
of a complaint made by a colored woman of that
village, named Susan Wilson, charging them
with malicious mischief in removing her houso
while opening a now street.
A child was bom a few weeks ago in Hobo
ken, whose father is its step-father. Tho wan
Augusta and Knoxville Road.
Speaking of this enterprise, the Washington,
Wilkes county, Gazette, says:
The proposed railroad, when completed, is
likely to become one of the most important lines
of communication between the Atlantic coast and
the far West, Tho plan of tho projectors, as at
present developed, is to carry the work through
Rabun Gap into Tennessee, and then connect
with the Blue Ridge Railroad, leading to Knox-
viUe, and through that, with Cincinnati and
tho great West. This route wiU be shorter by
one hundred miles and more, than any now open
between the far West end the Atlantio coast—
with which latter, it will connect by means of
tho Augusta and Port Royal Road. This harbor
is tho best on the Southern coast—not even ex
cepting Brunswick. The largest sea going ves
sels can come into Port Royal, and anchor at
tho piers, without any other pilots than
theso they carry at sea, and with the comple
tion of tho proposed railroads, a line of stoam-
ors will run direct to all the principal European
and Mediterranean ports.
This route wiU also shorten communication
between the West and South America and the
Gulf Islam!.-;, by several hundred miles—Savan
nah, Port Royal and Charleston being far more
convenient points of intercourse with them,
than Baltimore and New York.
It only remains to bo said that tho Northern
Company who havo taken hold of this work, is
composed of men of extensive means and large
experience in railroading and financiering, while
tho name of a distinguished Georgian, Hon. H.
R. Casey, of Columbia, as President of the pro
jected Augusta, Hartwell and Rabun Gap Road,
is sufficient voucher for the integrity and hon
est intentions of the Company.
A memorial asking Congress to do something
for General Anderson, of Fort Snmter fame,
signed by General Dix, ex-Senator Morgan and
tlireo hundred New Yorkers, has been forwarded
to Washington.
Mb. Dickess’ new story, of which the first
part wiU be published in March next, will, it ap
pears, ba completed in twelve monthly parts,
instead of in twenty, hitherto the invariable
limit of his stories published in this way.
Art imperial decree making new postal regu
lations with the United States is published in
Paris. Letters of ten grammes, sent direct,
are charged sixty centimes; via England 70;
Insufficient prepayment renders postage null.
The Austrian Bishops at Rome attended a re
ception in their honor by the Empress on
Wednesday. The French Ambassador gave a
dinner and reception on Wednesday night, at
which eighty church dignitaries were present.
Deep-sea dredging has revealed the fact that
an extraordinary abnndance of animal life ex
ists in the ocean’s lower depths. Animals of
high organization and with perfect eyes have
beon brought up by Mr. Gwyn Jeffreys, whose
interesting report has just been made before
tho English Royal Society.
The latest propcAl to overcome the difficul
ties of crossing the Straits of Dover, between
England and France, is to bniid large ferry
boats, capable of carrying the trains over and
somewhat similar to the boats that formerly
transported the Baltimore trains across tho Sus-
' nehannah River;
Charles Kobilsky, a Pole,' who is master of
five languages, has been appointed to a lingual
professorship in a New York College. Being
had married a widow in Hoboken, and the sud
den appearance of his first wife drove him to a I without funds, he was shoveling coalTin Jersey
hasty retreat, leaving the widow and daughter ; City, as a laborer, when attention was directed
without provision for their support - * , to him. and his attainments ascertained.
fore-storm-staysail, fore-trysail and close-reefed
maintopsail, heading S. W. by S., with a mod
erate gale frdta South-east, and a drizzling rain.
enemies thereof; that I will faithfully support
the Constitution and obey the laws of the United
States, and will, to the best of my ability, en
tourage others so to do; so help me God.”
No donbt all of the present Democratic mem
bers took this oath, which was necessary, when
they became registered voters. Under the rul
ing of Attorney General Stanbnry, which ruling
was endorsed by President Johnson’s Cabinet,
and afterwards, by implication, sanctioned by
CongresB, by its omitting to change the afore
said ruling while changing tho law, or to alter
opinions advanced by an Attorney General at
the same time, there W6re two classes of per
sons who held office before tho war, who were
permitted to become members of the Legisla
ture. The first was that class who held offico,
but who had not taken any oath to support the
Constitution oj the United States It was held,
that, although these persons must have held
office before the war and afterwards engaged in
the “rebellion,” yet they were not exoluded
from voting or holding office under the State
Constitution, because they had not, previous
to the war, taken an oath to support the Consti
tution of the United States.
There was another class of persons holding
office before the war, who were also deemed
eUgible to hold office. It was that class who,
though having taken an oath! to support the
Constitution of the United States, yet did not
engage in the war or “rebelUon”—that is, those
who did not go into tho field, who did not buy
Confederate bonds of the Government, or con
tribute money to volunteer companies to carry
on the war, who did not furnish arms or horses
to persons, Ac., and who had not taken office
under the Confederate Government Those
persons who merely held the ordinary State
offices during the war for the administration of
justice, offices usual in time of peace, were not
deemed and held (nor are they now so deemed
and held by any general law) as having engaged
in the **rebeUion. ’ ’ Consequently we learn that
there are three or four of the Democratic mem
bers of the latter class and several of the former*,
class in the present Legislature, who, for his
own purposes, BuUock has got Congress to pass
this special act to oust from the Legislature.
As before stated, we learn that those in his
confidence claim that he can, under the law just
passed, rule out thirty Democratic members.
We very much doubt this statement—we donbt if
there are half that number of these two classes
in the Legislature; but be there few or many,
Congress has compUed with BuUock’s demand,
and aims to rule ont aU who ever held any
State or Federal'offioe before the war, by in
corporating in its late act the foUowing oath,
viz: . „ , .
NEW TEST OATH.
easily. The barometer stood 29.50 but was fak
ing rapidly, and the galo increasing, holding
steadily to its direction, south-east, until 84 p.
m. During the afternoon, and after 5 p. m., "the
gale increased to a hurricane. At r>4 the main
yard broke in the slings with a thundering crash,
the starboard arm banging furiously to the lee
ward against the sail and rigging, breaking in
two, one piece fouling in the back stAys and rig
ging, the other hanging by the sail brace. The
port arm flew back, pressing against tho weath
er rigging, which was reReved of strain by tak
ing the jumper well forward and setting it up.
Simultaneously with this disaster the maintop-
saU spRt with a succession of deafening cracks,
sounding liko a voUoy of musketry, and the lee
half instantly disappeared.
The lee brace was immediately let go, the
topsail yard flew back, and the main trysail was
set as quickly as possible. This sail did good
service for nearly an hour, when it blew to rib
bons. The noise, fury, and impetnosity of the
hurricane at this time were indescribable. The
prisoners were released at 6 r. m. , and worked
manfully. Too much praise cannot be given to
the crew, some of whom toiled like giants.
Boatswain Leeds, a passenger, was invaluable
in cheering and leading on the men. He was
at aU times “the right man in the right place.”
Thomas "Walker, a coxswain, also deserves
special mention. He was the principal actor in
securing the lee main yard-arm, and, by a reck
less exposure of Rfe, saved the rail from being
crashed.
The ship lay to aHnost motionless, keeling
over considerably, the helm being hard up.—
The gusts of wind were now sudden and aU-
powerful; its fiendish howls were deafening,
and the air waaRterary composed of spray. The
sea was pressed down smooth, the tops of the
waves were cut off clean by the wind, and car
ried by the tempest in fine spray, which blinded .
ns and stung onr faces painfuRy. At times the
mainmast was invisible from the quarter deck.
I do solemny swear (or affirm, as the case
may be,) that I have never held the office or ex
ercised the duties of Senator or Representative
in Congress, nor been a member of the Legisla
ture of any State of the United States, nor held
any civil office created by law for the adminis
tration of any general law of a State, or for the
administration of justice in any State, or tinder
tho laws of the United States, nor held any of
fice in tho mUitary or naval service of the United
States, and thereafter engaged in insurrection
or rebelRon against tho United States, or gave-
aid or comfort to its enemies, or rendered, ex
cept in conseqnence of direct physical force,
any support or aid to any insurrection or rebel
Ron against the United States, nor held any of
fice under, or given any support to any gov
ernment acting in hostiUty to the United States,
or levying war against the United States, so help
me God, or on the pains and penalties of per
jury, as the case may he.
By this, it will be seen that unless a person
who held office before the war can swear that
he did not give any support to the rebellion
(such even as tho holding of an ordinary State of
ficedaring the war,) or,if he went into the army,
unless he is wiUing to swear that he was forced
into it, he cannot hold his seat in the present
Legislature. If he was conscripted, of conrse
he can, under the “physical force” clause, take
It was utterly impossible even to look above the
rail, and below it we actuafiy breathed salt wa
ter. Orders could not be made inteUigible by
word of mouth, the trumpet was useless, and
work was accomplished by examples alone.—
Men became sick from the salt water which
they imbibed. The storm stiU came from the
south-east and continued until 7:40 p. m.
Between 6:30 and 7:40 P. M.,‘the following
accidents occurred : The maintopsail yard, fore
and mizzen royal masts and yards, ana maintop
gallant masts and light yards went, hanging on
m tangled wrecks; the foretopsail split and dis
appeared in a twinkling, followed by the frag
ments of the fore-storm try-sail,. the sheet of
which was steadied and strengthened by two
strong tackle^, The maintopgailant mast went
close to the cap with a fearml crash, coming
down with the whole debris of the top hamper
and starboard half of the maintop, and lodged
outside the lee main rigging. The wire rigging
held wonderfully. The mizzentopgallant yard,
after hampering to leward some time, thrust
itself between the rigging and mast, and jammed
the wreck of the maintopmast, and could not be
cut away. ' >
The ship now began to labor heavily, ship
ping gtpat seas with every larch.' The first sea
smashed the whole boat half way np the mizzen
rigging, carried away the bulkheads of the cabin
pantry, cabin door, the ward-room skyh'ghts,
and weather hammock rails, sweeping every
thing and everybody above decks into the lee
scuppers. The ship now went nearly on her
beam ends, but in a moment righted, and left
tho third entter in tho sea to ledward The
barometer had now faHen to 27.62: At 7:30 P.
m. a sea came over the lee bow, sweeping the
lee gangway clear, bringing everything aft,
and swept thoso in the vicinity against tho bulk
head, through the cabin door, and aft in a con
fused mass.
The fury of the tempest was now at its height,
and the darkness was impenetrable, excepting
when there were, occasional flashes of sheet-
Rghtning, when the waves could be seen banked*
the oath. And, if he can swear and prove that i up, one over the other, seething and boiling
he did not “volunteer” or enter a “volunteer high above and around the ship. The noise of
company” until forced to do so by the conscript the wind was Rke unearthly yells, and the ship
officers—who were at hand to carry him off as j quivered in every timber. Suddenly the mer-
a conscript, in case he did-not go into saidvol- cury rose to 27.90, and with slight fluctuations
unteer company—We are inclined to think that
he can take the oath, and be eligible. But as
we do not profess to be weU versed in the science
of law, if there be any member of the Legis
lature thus situated, before acting, we would
advise him to seek legal advice.
We have said that there is now no general law
continued to rise. With one fierce squall the
wind dropped almost to a calm. A confused
crosaed-sea was now rnnning, while puffs and
squalls came from all points of the compass.
The ship was making water fast,,bnt the men
manned the pumps cheerfully, singing songs
and congratulating themselves that the gale was
excluding theBe two classes of persons from over. She rode beantifuUy, going down low
holding the ordinary offices of the State, and
that some law wiR have to bo passed by Con
gress before BuUock or any other Radical satrap
can have the semblance of Congressional or
other law to justify him in withholding corn-
first, as if she would never stop trembling, and
then mounting the sea with a long, sliding
sweep. She shipped great seas at every in
stant. The sea nib in the deck were open fore
and aft, and the water poured through in tor-
missions for other offices from this class of onr ‘ rents, damaging or destroying all tho books,
feUow-citizens. As evidence that this is the
Radical view in Congress, we give the foUowing
extract from the proceedings of the United
States Senate, when Bullock’s law was before
that body on the 17th instant. Pending its con
sideration—
Mr. Morton then offered another amendment,
that any person engaged in the rebelUon, hav
ing heretofore held office of any kind, and
papers, clothing, and stores in and below the
main deck, as well as aU the personal effects of
the officers in the ward-room and steerage.
She shipped another sea on both bows, star
board gangway, and both quarters at the same
time. The ship trembled under this shoclw and
it seemed as if she would never rise again. Tar
paulins were now better secured in the rigging,
the close-reefed spanker got ready, decks clear-
whose disabilities have not been removed, shaU ®d, and everything secured. At 9:20 p. m., the
nnklAAt 4/v Ann nnA imnvioAtim A n4 An ' wind PflmP r»nfc in rpfilmlf rr\r>t flvA
ing to hold any office under the United States I north and east, striking ns on onr port beam,
in the State of Georgia. ; The helm was hard np. She bore np weU and
Mr. Thurman said this would bar ont ninety- Itdd more quietly as the last half of the typhoon
nino in every one hundred people of Georgia, passed over, the wind backing to northwest, and
and was ranch more swt eping than the Four- moderating rapidly, although the sea remained
teenth Amendment. (very rough. At 10:30 p. m., our rising barom^-
Mr. Morton said he would withdraw the ter, and the rapidly subsiding wind gave proof
amendment, and incorporated it as a general that this most terrific typhoon had left us.
bUl applicable to aU States.—News. ! —
The fashionable world in this country wiU re-
Juaii Ferkakdez.—Robinson Crusoe’s famous joice to learn that, next to the Empress,
isle has been colonized^ by a weU-organized most superbly dressed lady in attendance at the
company of German emigrants. It was ceded Egyptian Vice-regal ball at Ismalia, was one of
in 1866 to Robert Wehrdan, an engineer from their own countrywomen, A fashion oorres-
Saxony, who, after serving the United States as pondent-, in describing the grand affair, speaks
a major during the late war, engaged in explora-thus enthnsiasticaUy of Madame de Ville, a
tion for railroad companies in South America, most beautiful American lady, who married, a
Ho has induced a company of Germans, sixty or few months ago, Monsieur de ViHe, a Parisian
seventy in number, to migrate to this island, banker: “Whatever of all the pretty things,
and they are quite delighted with their pros- costly or otherwise, with which beauty dresses
pects. They find it A lovely and fertile spot, heteelf, or wins victories, were displayed on
stocked-already with herds of wild goats, and the faultless form of Madame de Ville". JHer
with a few wild horses and donkeys. They have diamonds would havo made a fortune for an
brought with them cattle, swine and fowls, agri- honest, respectable man; and as. for dress,
cultural and fishing implements, and all need- though I declare I am ignorant of its material—
ful equipments for n etvong colony. The grot- for it was a compound of ganze and muslin rib-
to, so famous as Robinson’s house, still remains, bons and binding—skillful art had done so much
It is situated in a largo valley, covered with an for it that I do not beUevo the bast modistes of
exuberant growth of wild turnips. A Chilian Paris could have suggested an improvement
youngster, who bas'charge of the swine, is as- upon it. To me it appeared the very acme of
signed to this valley, as the tnrnips afford good perfection; and as for her appearance, why,
feeding to the swine, nnd ke may revive memo- she was simply beantifnl. She was not a Se
ries of Robinson by taking possession of the nns, such as Rubens paints; nor was she such
grotto. As Juan Fernandez is now a regular as a Titian created;'rat sho was an Amerioan
stopping place where whalers take in wood and honri—a blonde—-trith ringlets of gold flowing
water, we shall have frequent reports of-the over her shoulders, ahamJhg with tbeir lustra
fortunes of the new colonists. the golden band whioh bound them. ”
* /..A' . Afj.it.
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