Georgia weekly telegraph and Georgia journal & messenger. (Macon, Ga.) 1869-1880, February 08, 1870, Image 6
The Greorsia "Weekly Teles:i*ax)li and. Journal <fe Messenger.
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Wf; .
Telegraph and Messenger.
MACON, FEBRUARY 8, 1870.
POWTBS OP THE ftfllTl GOVERNMENT.—The
Federal Government is the most growing con
cern of tbo age. Every day brings a new and
enormous development of power. Day before
yesterday Congress proposed to take all the
main trank railroads in the country nnder their
regulating and controlling care; and yesterday
they got up a proposition to establish a nation
police to maintain order in the States. A scheme
to monopolize the telegraph business is now in
conrse of maturity, and nnder the power to reg
ulate commerce it is supposed Congress will
soon seize the mercantile establishments, bar
ber shops and drinking saloons. There is noth:
ing wanted in the United States now but Con
gress and the old flag. With those two institu
tions we can live abundantly and never carry
a grist to the mill.
Floating Ice Down the Mississippi.—The
Western papers tell a tale of how Captain Ket-
terer, of Louisiana, Mo., steered a raft of ice,
250 feet long and 185 feet wide, and 10 inches
thick, adown the current of the Mississippi for
109 miles, and brought it safely to St. Louis.
The ice, being cut loose, was reefed fore and
aft, and with a convoy of two skiffs and three
anchors, the strange bark spread her snowy
sails and walked the waters like a thing of life,
although no things of life with which we are ac
quainted, except ‘‘water-spiders,” walk the
water at all. There was a house on board, in
which the crew lived and cooked their victuals.
Once or twice the bark was in danger of ship
wreck, but at last she came through all right.
“Light of the Household.”—We are in
formed, in answer to our former inquiry, that
“The Light of the Household" is the title of a
work as yet in manuscript in the hands of the
publisher, Mr. Appleton, of New York.
We hope Mr. Appleton will soon place the
book in the hands of our expectant readers.—
The authoress, Mary Faith Floyd, is a descend
ant of a family whose namo is intimately con
nected with the history of Georgia. Gen. Jno.
Floyd, and his son, the chivalrous Gen. Chas.
Floyd, of Camden county, were prominent char
acters in the history of Georgia in their day.
We trust their descendant may be (equally
prominent in the literature of our good old
State.
Hastien Refugees in Charleston. — The
Charleston News says that General Prophett,
the generalissimo of Salnave’s forces, General
Francois, general of a division, aide-de-camp to
the President of Hayti, and commandant of the
port and district of Port an Prince, Madame
Oneide Jean Baptiste, who is the mother of
General Francois’ son, and tho Rev. Chrysos
tom, private Secretary to the late Salnave, who
arrived there on the French war vessel now
in that port, left by the Northeastern railroad
on Wednesday, for Washington. Notwithstand
ing the multiplicity of titles, there were only
four in the party, the first three being negroes
and the Reverend a white man.
The Dilemma of Reconstuction.—Says tho
Herald, of Monday: Southern States were re
quired to ratified the Fifteenth Amendment as
a condition of restoration to the Union. As
they could not be trusted to come in and then
ratify it, they ratified first and then came in.
They were, therefore, not in tho Union when
they acted on the Constitution, or else they
Ware never out of the Union. Either, then, all
tbe reconstruction laws of Congress, are invalid,
or these Southern ratifications of the Fifteenth
Amendment are invalid. If the States were in
the Union there was no need to admit them,
and if they were not in the Union they could
not participate in making law for States that
are in.
{Secret Political Societies.
The era of political disorder is ever marked
by the organization and spread of secret oath-
bound clubs, which are always the foes of
well regulated liberty. Tho Northern papers
announce the formation of the Society of the
“G. A. C.,” (Grand Army of the Constitu
tion,) organized “to support the Constitution
as handed down by our forefathers,” and as a
foil to other secret organizations in the inter
ests of Radicalism, known as the Grand Army
of the Republic, Loyal Leagues, etc., etc.
This is on the principle of fighting the devil
with fire. These secret oath-bound political
organizations, of all sorts, are scum from the
seething pot of European politics, and if de
fensible at all, are so only where open discus
sion of political questions is impossible, and
men believe that the atrocities of tyranny must
be curbed by the cord, dagger and poison of
the secret assassin. Where discussion is free,
and liberty of the press is maintained, there is
no excuse for them. If any necessity is pre
tended, it is the necessity of corruption, bribery
and dishonest artifice, to frustrate the progress
and effect of truth by the base arts of mere
political intrigue.
He who gets up a secret political'dub in
quasi connection with the Democratic party,
shows that he is no Democrat, and does not
comprehend the first principle or idea of De
mocracy. This is, the bold, open discussion of
political truth, and an unquestioning confi
dence in its ultimate triumph and the vindica
tion of public justice. “Truth,” says Leg
gett, “is omnipotent, and Public Justice cer
tain.”
The men who must sneak off into cob-
webbed garrets or third-story lofts, to discuss
the great principles of l : berty regulated by
fundamental law, founded upon immutable
and even-handed justice, would go to a dun
geon or a grave-yard vault to study astrono
my. Democracy wants air, light and free cir
culation. Its appropriate auditorium is the
broad canopy of heaven, and its apostles and
hearers are whoever will speak out of a full
heart and whoever will draw nigh to listen.
The man who hatches plots and intrigues in
secret places, is just such a Democrat as the
Carbonari and the Holy Velime were the
friends of liberty, or the Spanish Inquisition
were friends of religion. They mistake their
calling and the broad, expansive and genial
principles they pretend to advocate.
Away, then, with all secret political organi
zations among Democrats. Away with such
spawn of fanaticism, deadly intrigue and
stinking political profligacy, which seek to
substitute cunning and craft for reason—and
bribery, fraud and underhanded machination
of all sorts, for the voice of an incorruptible
people, given in the broad light of day, upon
a fair and open hearing.
Let the Radicals monopolize all this ma
chinery of vice and popular demorarlization.
It belongs to them. It becomes them. It is
a fit illustration of their party—its.tendencies,
objects, effects and influences upon'the Amer
ican people, and the free Republican Govern
ment transmitted to us by an heroic and noble
ancestry. But leave the vermin of the garrets
and the worms and snails of the dungeon to
an appropriate secrecy, and let Democrats
stand up for their high principles in the open
light of day.
Gen. Ames, informed the President that Mis
sissippi is so thoroughly Radical that Jeff Da
vis couldn’t stand it, and, therefore, moved to
Tennessee.— Washington Dispatch to Iribune.
“Every dog has his day,” saith the proverb.
It is Ames’ day now, thanks to the shameless
and cowardly nse of his own bayonets. Let him
wait five years though, and see how tho whirli
gig of time will treat him and his schemes. If
he lives that many years, he will find Missis
sippi so anti-Radical that neither Ames nor any
of his like can stand it.
Da J. 0. Ateb, of Lowell, was in our office
yesterday, and we talked over the times. Dr.
Ayer is a leading Republican, but at the same
time, one with whom you converse a good
while without detecting any very important
diversity of opinion on tho Southern situa
tion. When you rise from discourse with
these Northern Republicans, you marvel still
more at the mad pranks of their party in thin
Southern country of ours.
An Engineering Tkiumth.—The last span of
the bridge over the Ohio River, at Louisville,
was completed on Monday afternoon. The
length of the bridge, exclusive of approaches,
is one mile. It ha3 two main spans of three
hundred and seventy feet, and another of four
hundred feet, and a draw over the channel.
The time occupied in its construction was two
years and six months.
Drowned Out.—According to Professor John
G. Barnwell, in the Athens Watchman, 4901
inches of rain fell in that place in December
last This is something over 408 feet, and we
can imagine it has been damp under foot in
Athens. Some fellows contend that it was 4 feet
and 901-1000 of a foot which fell, but if that had
been the case the Watchman would have print
ed it so.
Affairs in Hayti.—The World says Salnave’s
veterans have joined the army of Cabral in San
Domingo, and turned their bayonets against
Baez, who is, according to his own statements,
under the protection of the United States. This
will naturally bring Salnave’s veterans in con
flict with the United States marines in garrison
at Samana.
Disease in Atlanta.—The Express 6ays that
there have been five deaths of meniDgelis in
that city in the last forty-eight hours. Also,
that small pox is proving plenty large enough.
Radicalism is rampant and fatal, Fitch has gone
over, and Bishop Simpson thinks it will take
3000 years to convert the world. This is dis
couraging.
United States Courts.—It will be seen
the District Court of the United States for the
Southern District of Georgia is adjourned to the
1st Monday in April next. The Circuit Court
meets the 2d Monday in the same month.
Funchal of Dr. Wm. S. Rockwell.—Dr.
Blackshear hands us the following dispatch:
_ Savannah, February 4.—We leave for Mfl-
tedgeviUe fought with the remains of brother
Rockwell. Funeral on Sunday.
Samuel Lawrence.
The Charleston Courier says that 400 shares
ef the Savannah and Charleston railroad stock
changed hands a few days ago in that city at
(35 per share. The stock is therefore said to
be “looking up”—at a distanoe we should say.
Supreme Court.—We have no report of the
proceedings of this body later thaw Wednesday,
*• *be papers of yesterday failed to come to
Louisvillb claims a papulation of osa hnw!
trod and fifty
Good Moral Exercise.
The reading of Gov. Bullock’s message to his
Agency—so deliberate and cold-blooded an in
sult to the people of Georgia—is good moral
exeicise, calculated to developo fortitude and
self-command. He who can wade through its
studied and malignant misrepresentation and
slander, without wincing or hitching in his
chair or shrugging his shoulders, or any invol
untary utterance of “cuss words,” and then go
on to consider the matter with himself, or his
wife or neighbor in the ntmost patience and
self-composure—he is fully prepared to go into
politics in these times. But if, after faithfully
applying this test, he finds his patience limping
even in the last joint of tho little toe thereof,
he ought not to trust himself—let him devote
his attention to com and cotton and eschew
politics.
In this document Bullock has imitated those
ingenious practices of the Aboriginee3 with
their captives in war. With indefatigable ef
fort and misrepresentation on bis part, ho has
got Congress to chain old Georgia to the stake,
and sticking her body all full of lightwood splints,
he fires them with infinite delight over the tor
ture of tho bonnd victim. Well, so be it. We
shall not make a fuss about it. Bullock must
bavo his day. We did our best to avoid being
tied up to tbo stake, but now we are there they
shall get no groans out of ns. We say to tho
whole brood of tormentors who gloat over their
exploits in insult and cruelty, be sure and do
your very worst, while you may.
Dana on tho Death or Radicalism.
Tho New York San whose editor, Mr. Dana,
is one of the sharpest eyed, shrewdest calcula
tors ever graduated by tho Radical party, has
been casting the political horoscope of that
party, now that the triumph of the Fifteenth
Amendment may be taken for granted, and the
negro taken ont of polities. He sees in this
very fact the seeds of the disease that will kill
the iniquity, and gives his reasons as follows:
It is out of the final termination of the slavery
contest that the main peril of the Republican
party arises. At the last Presidential election
more than half a million of men voted ior Gen.
Grant solely because they wanted to see the
pending plan of reconstruction carried through.
When this is accomplished they will feel no
special attachment to him or his party. They
are independent citizens, who never support a
party merely for the good it has done. It is to
these satisfied Republicans that the party may
be indebted for its early defeat, and even its
nltimate dissolution.
Then there are the doctrinaries of tho party,
who differ with its present policy on the tariff,
the currency, the construction of the Constitu
tion, and the gradual absorption into Congress
of an unwarranted share of the powers of the
Government. The cord which has bonnd all
these classes to the party is broken. Following
close behind these comes the long procession
of disqualified Republicans, some of whom are
disgosted with the administration because of its
nepotism, its favoritism, the nnwortby charac
ter of many of its agents, and its disregard of
the claims to consideration of distinguished
members of the party; while others are indig
nant at its failure to redeem its pledges of econ-
omy, and because of its fawning at the footstool
of the British throne, and its base desertion of
the canse of free government on this continent
Though the bond which has united these classes
to the party is not yet severed, it is seriously
weakened, and may snap at the first severe
strain.
Supreme Court Proceedings.
Wednesday, February 2, 1870.
The court met pursuant to adjournment
Argument in case No. 12,Macon Circuit—The
Central Railroad and Banking Company, plain
tiffs in error, vs. Stephens, defendant in error.
—Injunction from Bibb, was resumed and con
cluded by OoL Hartridgo for plaintiffs in error.
No. 13, Macon Circuit—Gamble vs. Harde
man & Sparks, et al—Complaint on draft and
acceptance, from Bibb, was argued for plaintiff
in error by Judge B. F. Lyon, and for defend
ant in error by CoL L. Whittle.
No 1, Flint Circuit—Doyal, Deputy Sheriff,
vs. Maxwell—Mandamus from Spalding, was
dismissed for want of prosecution.
Pending opening argument in No. 2, Flint
Circuit—Wyatt vs. Tomer—the eourt adjourn
ed.—Atlanta Era, Zi.
The Greensboro Herald reports the matrimo
nial market aa “rather brisk this season.”
The Georgia Press.
General Terry's house was entered by robbers
on Tuesday night, and $200 stolen.
The Constitution, of yesterday, has heaTd of
no new deaths from meningitis, in Atlanta.
A fire Wednerday night, at the American
Hotel, Atlanta, damaged that building to the
amount of $2,000, which was covered by insur
ance.
The remains of Colonel W. S. Rockwell, who
recently died in Maryland, arrived in Savannah
on Wednesday, and were taken to Milledgevillo
yesterday for bnriaL
The Savannah Republican says:
Early.—We understand that the plnm trees
on the plantations adjacent to the Central Rail
road, between this city and Macon, are now in
full bloom.
Movement of Fertilizers.—Thirteen hun
dred tons of gnano were shipped from the Cen
tral Railroad Depot, in this city, on Saturday
last, for distribution among the planters in
Georgia.
W. H. Young is President, and W. L. Salis
bury Vice President of the “Coiambus Indus
trial Association.” Six thousand five hundred
dollars have been subscribed up to this date to
make the fair a success next falL
The Constitution calls attention to Gov. Bol
lock’s wilful perversion of the facts connected
with Dr. Miller’s election as Senator. It says:
Gov. Bullock, in his message, says that Dr.
Miller’s majority on joint ballot was only four
teen. and if tho twenty-five disqualified mem
bers had been thrown ont he could not have
been elected.
This is an egregions error.
The vote stood thus: Miller 120; Blodgett
72; Seward 13; Akerman 6—Miller’s majority
29 over all candidates. If the whole 25 had
voted for him he would still havo been elected
by four votes; but three of the disqualified did
not vote, so that his election was still certain by
7 Totes—a majority of those admitted to be
qualified.
The committee of citizens of Columbia coun
ty, who lately waited on Gen. Terry to B6k that
their county be spared the horrors of what is
called martial law, have got home and report as
follows:
In reply to this memorial, Gen. Terry said:
That he thought we were unnecessarily alarmed;
that Colombia county was not more nnder mill
tary or martial law than was the entire State of
Georgia; that owing to tbe outrages or lawless
acts that had been committed, the counties spe
cially mentioned had been formed into a sub
district, and Moj. Kline placed in command,
with headquarters at Barnett, for the purpose
of being near at hand; that he had delegated
to Major Kline the same powers that had been
delegated to him; that the organization of what
we were pleased to call a fabled myth, *. e..,
Kn-Klnx, he bad indisputable evidence did ex
ist ; that tbe military were pnt over ns to pro
tect the rights and property of the peaceable
citizens and not to persecute.
He said that there were no soldiers in Colum
bia connty, and assured ns there would not be
as long as the good order and peace of society
was observed, unless they were to come into onr
connty in pursuit of those attempting to escape,
from other counties and whom the military were
iting to secure. He said that, should any
officer, soldier, or other party proseente any
citizen by wrongful arrest, or otherwise, he de
sired to be notified as to the facts of tho case
and that he would speedily redress the wrong,
and punish the perpetrator, that it was his in
tention to do no injustice to, nor persecute any
one, bnt to protect and assist them. That civil
authority from some cause or other had hereto
fore been totally inadequate to secure peace and
order in some of tho counties designated. He
said, that be hoped and believed that the mili
tary power would be of short duration, and
would be withdrawn.
The following is Caldwell’s resolution request
ing Congress to relieve the political disabilities
of all the citizens of Georgia, which was killed
in the lower branch of the Agoncy by the Rad
cal vote:
■Whereas, It is now certain that the amend
ment to tho Constitution of the United States
known as Article XV will be passed by the re
quisite three-fourths of all the State Legisla
tures, and become a part of the fundamental
law, and
Whereas, Many people of this State are still
laboring nnder certain disabilities imposed by
tho Constitution and laws of the United States;
be it therefore
Resolved, by the Senate and House of Rep
resentatives of the State of Georgia, in General
Assembly met, that we do earnestly request the
Congress of the United States to relieve; at as
early a day as practicable, all such citizens of
this State, of all their disabilities.
Resolved, That His Excellency tho Governor
be requested to transmit official copies of this
resolntion forthwith to tho President of the Sen
ate and Speaker of tho House of Representa
tives of the United States.
We beg Jndge Andrews’ pardon for crediting
him, a few days ago, with a very fnlsomo eulogy
on Bollock and his administration. The Chron
icle and Sentinel has seen a fuller report of the
speech from -which the extract was said to be
taken, and says it does not contain any snch en
dorsement.
From a recent letter in the Atlanta Era, we
collate some facts abont the Augusta cotton
factory that are interesting.
Tho present company, organized with a capi
tal of $200,000, which has been increased since,
ont of tbe earnings of the company, to $600,-
000; and although the war followed close upon
its beginning, by the skill and energy of its
management the whole amonnt of purchase
money, $150,000, as before stated, was paid off
ont of the net earnings in the first two years of
business.
The whole capacity of these mills, as now
running, comprise 15,000 spindles, 508 looms,
consuming 130 bales of cotton per week, and
the annual prodnet, on the average, is 521 yards
of fabric to each loom per day—say*25,000
yards per day, and over 8,000,000 yards per
annum, including sheetings, shirtings and drill
ings.
All this is produced by the average nnmber of
500 employes- -more, probably, than is produc
ed by the same amonnt of employes and ma
chinery in any establishment in the country.
The picking room is protected securely from
fire by a novel and common sense arrangement
of perforated iron pipes running over tho ceil
ing, and so connected with the water pipes that
in case of fire a perfect showering flood of water
is poured over every part of the room.
As a farther protection, small honses have
been erected on the premises at convenient
points of access to the main building, in which
a large coil of hose is so suspended that in
stantly on an alarm being made, it can be
stretched to its ntmost lepgtb, and tho water let
in from the hydrant, connecting at every hose-
house on tho premises.
The arrangements for flooding every floor in
the main building is equally complete.
Since tbe close of the war there has been
added to these mills $150,000 worth of new ma
chinery, end the company have paid to the
stockholders regular quarterly dividends of five
per cent., and, in addition, made an extra divi
dend ont of their surplus earnings, to say
nothing of a large snrplns now remaining in the
treasury.
The aggregate net earnings of these mills
since the war has exceeded $800,000, ont of
which $540,000 has been paid to the stockhold
ers, so that now the stock of the company is
valued atone hundred and sixty dollars per
share, and none for sale.
Says tho Marietta Journal:
The opinions of the Telegraph and Messen
ger with little exception, are well considered
and jndlcions. Its recent article in relation to
the falling off of the supply of laborers in the
cotton region presents the subject in its proper
light. The loss is to ihe individual failing to
procure a supply of labor; not to the prodnotive
wealth of the State. The diminished production
of cotton anticipated will net the State as mnoh
money as a more abundant crop.
Real estate in Griffin sold as follows on Tues
day:
Cherry and Bro.’s business house, for five
thousand and one dollars. Messrs. Flemister &
Brooks were the purchasers.
The lot next to the Methodist Ghnrch, size SO
feet by 210 feet, was sold to J. H. Johnson for
fifteen hundred dollars.
The Methodist Parsonage f which was sold for
the purpose of reinvesting) brought thirteen
hundred dollars. Small house, half aore of land.
The Cartersville Express says the farmers of
that section are availing themselves of this
charming weather to plow their lands. We
never saw better farm work done in our recol
lection ; there is a tm and an energy truly in
spiring.
Planters’ Policy—No. 2.
Editors Telegraph and Messenger:—It is
matter of great importance to all who subscribe
for a newspaper that tho information contained
in it, relative to any subject, should be read-
carefully read—in order that those, for whom
the writer employs his time and brains, may be
benefitted. This is a matter which puzzles me
somewhat, as I know planters, as a general
thing, devote less time to the perusal of a news
paper than any other class of subscribers.
Meat all men read or glance over the columns
of a newspaper to see what would be worth
the time employed in reading, and such as
seems cold or of no interest to them individual
ly, they pass over and never read. I don t sup
pose one in five of your numerous subscribers
read the late article I wrote for your columns,
because the- caption was simply “Planters’
Policy.”
Now, yon do not publish, strictly speaking,
an agricultural paper; but I am confident you
are more interested really in the advancement
of agiicnltnre and its branches of industry, than
you are in the “Congressional Agency” in At-
anta. And I am convinced of the fact that
your paper has a wider circulation among the
planters of Georgia than any strictly agricul
tural journal in the Southern States. A monthly
journal is too slow for the present status of
agricultural interests—bnt if every planter
could be induced to subscribe for one—the
Cultivator or Farm and Home—would one in
five read half of the information contained in
them ?' I fear not Now, if I were to head this
article with any of tho following lines: “The
wonderfol discovery of gold in Macon,” or
“Terrible destruction of life and property in
Macon,” or “The latest prize fight,” or “The
fastest racer known,” or anything to excite the
wonder, or curiosity, of the reader, not a sub
scriber would go without the knowledge of all
the particulars contained nnder the heading.
But when I say simply “Planters’ Polioy—No.
2,” the majority turn the paper over—mentally
saying, “I despise a long article or series of
articles.” Nevertheless, as I can make no
rfm-fling revelation, nor attract the attention of
tie majority of your readers by giving some
anusing dialogue, or reciting an excellent anec
dote, I will to the task of that dry old theme—
“Hanters’ Polioy.”
I propose in this article to set forth in order
my objections to “share-labor.” I shall not
nunber the objections, for some of them ran
together, and to elaborate as I should to cover
the whole, I may sometimes seem to repeat,
willspeak or write as tbe ideas come to mind.
The great evil to result from “share-labor” is
not foreseen by many, nor has it been sufficient
ly developed, as yet, to attract the attention of
any who, as I have remarked, consult only the
present good. All lands are not alike—not
! equally fertile—consequently, the same propor
tions in “share-labor” will not correspond in
money value on different plantations. A set of
bands will work this year on some plantation,
without manure and nnder bad management,
and make nothing more than a meagre support,
and jet they get half of everything. How can
yon or any one ever induce that set of hands to
labor next year on a more fertile place and it
to be manured as formerly, for one-third or
even for one-half again? They say they have
tried working for one-half and make nothing.
How can yon induce them to work for a less
share, thongh the amonnt might be double, or
even thaible what it has been to them at ono-
half ? The negro doe3 not consider the fertil
ity of the soil, or the benefit of good manure
and careful management, bnt he looks di
rectly at the results of the crop he has made.
I have heard them say there was nothing in tho
third,” and yet if they were to receive the half
there would bo bnt little more in that. On this
account I object to share labor. 'Well, some
may object to money wages, too, on tbe samo
account—because tho crop is not sufficient to
pay the hands, even ten dollars per month. If
yon havo snch poor land, my planting friends,
don’t plant it with hired labor, bat just pnt in a
few acres, manure well, and tend it yourself un
til yon can get that rich, and then enlarge and
hire one hand—being confident of yonr ability
to pay him. Let ns see what will be tbe remit
if everybody gives the negroes one-third of the
entire crop for five years. Now I would suppose
any land, worth calling land at all, will, at this
time, bring a bale of cotton to five acres. (If it
brings less than that it would bo a losing busi
ness to cultivate it even with slave labor.) Now,
by cultivating fifteen acres to the hand in cot
ton, and ten in corn, yon will have twenty-five
acres to the hand; probable prodnet—3 bales
of cotton and 100 bushels of corn, to the hand
The negro would hardly bo satisfied with his
shore (one-third) in this first crop, bnt suppose
yon induced him to stay, and commenced the
liberal nse of fertilizers; the second crop would
be a bale to four acres, or four bales to the
hand. The negro becomes more interested
in the crop and desirous to stay another
year. Yonr next crop, with a more abund
ant supply of plant food already in the soil,
and another liberal application of gnano,
gives five bales to tbe hand, or a bale to every
three acres. Your corn crop may be increased
also by the nse of cotton seed, bnt as you will
have no more use for corn than you had the
first year, we will suppose the fourth year that
you plant less com and more cotton; putting
cotton seed, guano, etc., on eighteen acres of
cotton to the hand and with good seasons make
a bale to two acres, or nine bales to the hand.
This gives the negro three bales to his share.
Without pursning this line of argument farther,
our sensible men will readily see, when you put
all yonr available means together and plant the
fifth crop and still increase and give away one-
third of a bale of cotton to the acre to your la
borer, you may count no longer on your hands
for another year. When a negro is master of
five or six bales of cotton be will not be very ef
ficient as a laborer. We can-make a bale of
cotton to the acre even with the old “petit
gull” seed; and when the Dickson seed become
universal, the yield will bo very reasonable at
two bales to the aore. We can cultivate fifteen
acres of cotton to the hand and enough land in
com to supply all wants; for we nse much less
corn now than formerly. Does any one see the
nse of giving the negroes one-third of the crop,
when we get to making a bale to every acre (for
it costs him no more labor to cultivate a rich
acre of land than a poor one) when one-third of
that would, at 20 cents for cotton, be ample re
muneration for his services ? I don’t think any
man would like to give it and the fear of doing
it in the fntnre may deter a great many in their
efforts to enrich their soil to that high standard.
But should it do it ? By no means. Make the
land rich by all means, if yon enrich the negro
also.
Now how will those, who have been working
negroes on shares, and are increasing the yield
of each crop, succeed in getting the negroes to
work for money wages ? He will not work for
you that way. Then will this not be an evil—
for I predict the darkey will be, under such cir
cumstances, materially better off than his em
ployer? Many, I know, do not manure their
land, and are not making anything; bnt they
may possess a great deal in having hundreds of
acres of land to wear out and after all be poorer,
at the expiration of ten years, than they are at
present—having worn ont land and made
negroes poor by “share labor.” Then will not
this be another evil—for I am in favor of giv
ing the negro good wages so as to enable him
to live ? Now how are we to avoid these evils ?
I answer by giving every where, on rich and
poor land alike, all over the State—yea, all over
the South if practicable, the same money
wages—sufficient now for the laborer to live,
and only, snfficient ten or twenty years hence to
enable him to live and be comfortable. The
wages of the negro at present are not suffi
cient. He should have a dollar a day on a farm,
if he boards himself, as well as on the railroads,
or in the city—for then this competition would
be canceled. Some will say we are not able to
ay them so much, bnt I contend we ought to
e able. If we are not it is onr own fault.
Those with poor land would not accumulate
much for a few years, but by diligence in busi
ness and constant manuring they would soon ac
cumulate. I have not enumerated half of my
most important objections to share-labor, bnt
I fear I will encroach upon yonr valuable space.
I am in favor of the negro as a laborer, Messrs.
Editors, or you would find me advocating “Chi
nese immigration. We need home laborers, not
foreign adventurers. Then let us try the negro a
little longer, and try and get np a system in
regard tonis wages.
Now, aalhave tried to show,slave-labor either
retards the planter, in enriching his farm, or
else gives the negro the benefit of something
which is not his (for mind I do not suppose
the negro pays for any guano,) and more than
remunerates him for simple labor. I will show
that it is also detrimental to the good order
and care of a farm. By share-labor a negro
understands nothing but the crop. Ho does
not have a share in the fences which do all to
ward saving his share from the ravages of stock.
Oh no, he does not own any, and it is not, there
fore ms business to fix up fences around it. He
does not reflect that fences do not protect the
land, bnt the crop. If yon call on him for his
services in splitting rails and patting up fences,
he wishes to be informed in reference to his
pay for so doing so. If you tell him his share
in the crop is his wages for all his services the
year round, he very likely wishes to “quit,” or
tells yon he is working for a share of the crop,
and is virtually your partner for the year—so
yon ought to work at the fence as mnoh as. he.
I once had a “wise negro” working on shares,
who commenced work on the 12th of February,
and then desired to know who was going to pay
him for plowing until planting time. He wants
to plant and reap simply. When I see old
fences scattered all over the plantation, I con
clude there is “share labor.” No new ditches—
there is “share labor.” Stables and outhouses
needing repairs—“share labor.” “Share labor'
will do for those who cannot procure hands in
any other way, bnt I say whoever continues it
will find himself fenced in, and at the mercy of
those who know he did once give a part of the
crop. It is too late to retract when the majority
of the negroes find it to be a continually in
creasing income, nnder good cultivation—they
will demand and have to be paid a part of the
orop; and if yonr crop increases from four bides
to the hand to ten or fifteen, and yon have paid
the third or the half, you will have to continue
to do so. He will not be denied. Yon might
as well expect those who have rented lands to
return to working for monthly wages, as to ex
pect those who have labored for one-third or
one-half, to be satisfied with any less share—no
matter what the results of the crop.
I will try and show in my next why we will
not be able, ten years hence, to give a share in
the crop to hands. For the present I desist
Goodmobe.
Macon, January 31, 1870.
Atlanta Congressional Agency.
From the Constitution.]
Wednesday, February 27.
Senate.—Mr. Candler arose, after the read
ing of the Message, bnt the Chair decided that
Mr. Dunning was entitled to the floor, and that
resolutions were in order.
Mr. Donning offered three resolutions—one
ratifying the Fourteenth Amendment; one as
senting to the act of Congress striking out the
Relief clauses of the Constitution; ono ratify
ing the Fifteenth Amendment.
The first resolution to ratify tho Fourteenth
Amendment was read, when Mr. Dunning moved
its adoption, which motion was seconded.
Mr. Candler arose, bnt the Jfresident stated
that Mr. Donning had not yielded the floor.
The whole resolutions were then read.
Mr. Dunning supported his motion to adopt
the resolution to ratify the Fourteenth Amend
ment, in a few pertinent remarks.
Mr. Candler offered as a substitute that the
Governor’s Message, with the exception of the
recommendation to ratify the Fourteenth Amend
ment, be referred to a joint committee of three
members from each branch of the General As
sembly.
Mr. Candler made one of his best efforts in
support of his motion. His rebnke of the
Governor’s charges against the people of Geor
gia, was withering and scathing.
The President stopped Mr. Candler from
commenting on the Governor’s assertion that
all legislative action since July, 18G8, was ille
gal, and said that Mr. Candler must confine
limself to tho subject before the Senate.
Mr. Candler’s response to the .remark of the
President was crushing. Ho demonstrated from
the acts of Governor Bullock that Georgia had
a legal government.
Mr. Brock favored the adoption of the reso
lntion to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
Mr. Nunnally asked Mr. Brock if we were not
acting nnder the Fourteenth Amendment?
Mr. Brock replied yes.
Mr. Nunnally asked Mr. Brock if tho Senate
were now to reject the amendment would it
render it less valid ?
Mr. Brock replied, “No.”
Mr. Wooten offerfed as a substitute a resolu
tion that the Legislature of Georgia having rati
fied the Fourteenth Amendment, it i3 unneces
sary to vote on it again.
Mr. Speer called the previous question, and
the vote Btood yeas, 10; nays, 23.
By consent, Mr. Candler withdrew his resolu
tion, and the vote taken on Mr. Dunning's re
solution to ratify tho Fourteenth Amendment,
with the following result:
Yeas—Messrs. Bowers, Brock, Bradley, Ben
ton, Campbell, Colman, Corbitt, Dickey, Harris,
Higbee, Hungerford, Jones, McWhorter, Rich
ardson, Sherman, Smith, (36th,) Stringer, Wal
lace, Dunning, Griffin, (601,) Griffin, (21st,)
Jordan, Traywick and Mr. President—25.
Nays—Messrs. Nunnally, Smith, (7th,) Mc
Arthur, Hicks, Bums, (under protest,) Well
born, Candler, Fain, Holcombe and Wooten—
1°.
During tbe calling of the yeas and nays, the
Democrats declined to vote, but the President
decided that they must vote.
Mr. Dnnning’s resolution assenting to the act
of Congress striking ont the relief clauses in the
State Constitution, was pnt on its passage and
adopted by, yeas, 28; nays, 8.
•Mr. Nunnally said he voted nay, because he
was in favor of relief.
Mr. Dnnning’s resolntion ratifying the Fif
teenth Amendment was taken np and rushed
through, being adopted by the following vote:
Yeas—Bowers, Bradley, Brooks, Bentley,
Campbell, Colman, Corbitt, Dickey, Griffin,
(Gth) Griffin (21st), Harris, Higbee, Hunger-
ford, Jones, Jordan, McWhorter, Richardson,
Sherman, Smith (3Gth), Speer, Stringer, Wal
lace, Welch, Dunning, Trawick, and Mr. Pres
ident— 2G.
Fays—Bums, Candler, Fain, Hicks, Holcomb,
MoArthur, Nunnally, Smith (7th), Wellborn and
Wooten—10.
President Conley asked permission to
vote on the adoption of the resolntion, bnt Mr.
Barns objected. Permission was granted.
A message was received from the House, an
nouncing the ratification of the Fourteenth and
Fifteenth Amendments, and the ratification of
the expunging of the Relief Laws from the Con
stitution by Congress.
On motion of Mr. Harris, the action of the
House was concurred in, by yeas 24, nays 10.
Mr. Harris offered a resolntion for the ap
pointment of a joint committee of five from
the Senate, and seven from the House, to in
vestigate the charges preferred against Gov.
Bullock for the unlawful use of public funds.
Mr. Candler suggested that the Legislature
still being illegal, and the Governor provisional,
such a resolution would be illegaL
The resolution was adopted and the President
appointed Harris, Dnnning, Fain, Nnnnallyand
Brock as the committee.
Mr. Wooten, from the committee, reported
rales for the government of the Senate.
Fifty copies ordered printed for tho use of the
Senate.
Mr. Higbee moved that 600 copies of tho
Governors Message be printed, which motion
prevailed.
Mr. Speer offered a resolution that the Gen
eral Assembly, when it does adjourn, take a
recess until 10 o’clock. A. M. on the 14th inst.
Mr. Candler moved to amend by inserting
the IGth for the 14th, which did not prevail.
Mr. Speer’s resolution was adopted, and the
Senate took a recess until 4 o’clock P. M.
Four O’clock p. m.
_ Message received from the House announ
cing its concurrence in the resolution to take
recess until Monday, 14th instant.
On motion, the Senate took a recess until
that time.
The House having failed to concur iu pass
ing the joint resolution to appoint a commit
tee of investigation into Gov. Bullock’s illegal
and unlawful use of public funds, the Senate
resolution amounts to nothing.
House—The House met at 10 A. m., and
was called to order by the Speaker,
Prayer by Rev. M. Smith.
Calling of the roll dispensed with.
Journal of Saturday read.
Message from “IBs Excellency, the Pro
visional Governor,” was announced by R.
Paul Lester.
Mr. Bryant then moved to have the protest
entered.
Mr. Fitzpatrick objected.
Motion put, and the Speaker announced it
carried,
Mr. Fitzpatrick said he questioned if it was
earned.
The message was then read.
Fit is published in Senate report, and omit
ted here. '
m Mr. O’Neal, of Lowndes, offered a resolu
tion adopting the Fourteenth Amendment,
and proceeded to comment thereon. He £»iq
he was aware that many thought that this
amendment had already been adopted. Many
thought otherwise.
Mr. Tweedy called the previous question.
Carded.
Main question put. Carried.
Division called for. No Democrat voted.
Teas 71, nays nothing.
Mr. O’Neal, of Lowndes, announced, with
a slight blush, that he wa3 paired off with
some one, Mr. Turnipseed,_ he believed.
Mr. Maull paired off with Mr. Harkness,
who had gone home on account of family
sickness.
Mr. Scott desired to know why Mr. Wil-
char’s name was not railed, as he was a mem
ber of the House.
The Speaker said, his name would be en
tered at the proper time, when the official in
formation of his eligibility was received.
The Speaker declared the resolution carried.
Mr. Biyant made the point of order that a
quorum of the‘House had not voted for the
resolution, and therefore it was not carried
The Speaker overruled him.
Mr. Bryant then rose to a personal explan
ation. He had not voted for the amendment
and read the following reason:
“It is well known that the Fourteenth
Amendment to the. Constitution of the United
States has been ratified by by both Houses of
the General Assembly of this State. I believe
we have already legally ratified the said
amendment, and therefore I now decline to
vote for its ratification. I also believe, that
this House has been illegally organized, and I
therefore decline to vote for its ratification.
“ J. E. Bryant,
“ Of Richmond county.”
Mr. O’Neal, of Lowndes, offered another
resolution, adopting “fundamental condi
tions,” and resigned the floor to another Rad
ical, who called the previous question.
Yeas and nays called for.
The roll was being called, when, on request,
the resolution was again read, as some thought
the resolution was upon the adoption of the
Fifteenth Amendment.
Some Democrats voted no, the rest did not
vote.
The Democrats then withdrew their votes,
and the Speaker announced that the vote
stood thus—yeas 71, nays 1. and that it was
carried.
Mr. Bryant rose to a point of order. A
imAMlln A A’ A A L U 7. A M aL
majority of a quorum of the House had not
voted, and, therefore, the resolution was not
carried.
Tho Speaker admitted the correctness of
Mr. Bryant’s position; but said he was
in the hands of a greater than he; after he
got out of this, thraldom, he would sustain
Mr. Bryant’s position, but not now.
Mr. O’Neal, of Lowndes, proposed a reso
lution adopting the Fifteenth Amendment,
and resigned the floor to Lane, of Brooks,
who called the previous question.
On this resolution the yeas and nays were
called.
Mr. Anderson said he considered himself
gagged, and declined to vote.
Mr. Hall, of Glynn, voted no, and explain
ed that he did so because Congress had de
clared Georgia not a State in the Union, and
not being a State, her action on this amend
ment must be void.
Mr. Parks, of Gwinnett, said he was in
structed by his constituents, and voted yes.
Mr. Tnmlin voted “no,” and had read the
following:
“A proposition to adopt the Fifteenth
Amendment meets with the uncompromising
reprobation of the noble, true and brave
pie whom I represent, and also with the
ing of their Representative, and I can but, in
this as well as in ail other hours of trial, re
main true to them and true to the principles
upon which they elected me. And though it
may be passed over my head, I shall leave for
them to behold, spread upon the journals of
this House my determined protest against this
crowning act of Radicalism and treason against
all good people of the South.”
Price, of Lumpkin, explained that a year
ago ho headed (not beheaded) those who fa
vored the adoption, and therefore voted “yes,”
Mr. Biyant declined to vote.
I am in favor of the ratification of the Fif
teenth Amendment, but believing as Ido that
this House has not been legally organized, and
that persons are permittea to participate in its
■oceedings who are not legally entitled to do
. I decline to vote. J. E. Bryant,
Richmond county.
The Speaker announced that the vote stood
thus: Yeas 55, nays 29, and the resolution
was carried.
Mr. Tweedy, of Richmond, moved to trans
mit the action of the House to the Senate-
Carried.
Mr. Scott, of Floyd, offered a resolution re
questing the Governor to order, within twen
ty days, an election to fill vacancies, caused by
death or otherwise, and moved to take up the
resolution,
The Speaker said he did not believe this
was consistent with his “orders” from above;
but as he had been arbitrary heretofore, he
would waive his privilege and put the question
to the House.
A letter from the Governor, (Provisional)
was here announced and read. It restored,
nnder General Terry’s Order 13, Mr. Wilchar,
of Taylor county, and Mr. A. T. Bennett, of
Jackson county, to their seats in the House.
Mr. Caldwell, of Troup, offered a resolution
requesting Congress to relieve all persons in
the State of Georgia from all their disabilities,
and moved to take np tho resolution. Yeas
and nays called.
Watkins said as the Democrats hud declined
to vote on the adoption of the Fifteenth
Amendment, he would decline to vote on this.
Yea3 61; nays 50.
Lost, as it required a three-fourths vote.
Mr. Bethune offered a resolution to appoint
committee to investigate the charges of
Treasurer Angier against Gov. Bullock,
Lost on motion to take np resolution.
Madden offered a resolution adjourning the
House until Monday, the 14th instant.
Williams offered an amendment to suspend
the pay of members during the interval.
Bethune offered a resolution requesting
Gen. Terry to suspend the collection of debts
contracted prior to June 1, 1865, until the
Legislature can act upon the question of re
lief ftom the same.
Motion to take up this resolution lost
Message from the Senate announcing its
concurrence with the House in the ratification
of the Fifteenth Amendment and the funda
mental conditions.
The Chaplain Committee reported that they
could secure the services of Rev. W. P. Har
rison and R. W. Fuller, and recommended
them to the House.
Committee on “Rules” recommended the
adoption of the Rules of the prececding ses
sion. Report adopted.
Message from the Senate announcing the
appointment of a committee of five in the Sen
ate to investigate the charges of Treasurer An
gier against Provisional Governor Bullock,
and requesting the appointment of a commit
tee of seven to co-operate with the Senate
Committee. •
Yeas and nays called on the motion to take
up the message. Yeas 72, nays 44. Motion
lost.
Mr. Bryant said he wanted the charges in
vestigated, but first desired the offices all
filled. [He seems to think Bullock will be re
placed.] He voted “no."
Mr. Bryant moved to adjourn.
Message from the Senate asking concur
rence in their adjournment to the 14th inst.
Amendment offered and a desperate attempt
made by Mr. Bryant to be heard, but the
Speaker pnt a motion of some one to concur
in the Senate adjournment to the 14th instant
This was carried. [Immense applause from
the Radicals.]
Tlie Green Line Exeanito^'
Florida. **
Jacksonville, Fla., February 8
Editors Telegraph and Messenger ■ '
delightful visit to Fort Pulaski, it was
to the excursionists that carriages wotf?
waiting at the various hotels on Sund^
ing for a drive to Bonaventure and Tv
bolt, of which pleasure many avails
selves, while the more devout
service at the various city churches. J>
of the worldly ones, I joined the f 0 ,
had no occasion to regret the cboioe.
A beautiful drive of three miles over
shell road brings yon to Bonaventure (v
The entrance to this old burying p] ace
merly through an old arch tradition^!
beenbnilt by the Indians, bnt which K
given plaoe to a modern gate. Leadis.
rious directions through the grounds^
nues of Grand old water-oaks, whose
heads are hoary with the gray moss J
years. The age of these trees wonldL
sidered beyond the memory of man, w
not planted in snoh .straight rows ti
man hands must certainly have set ti
This is the principal feature of intwJ
and leaves an impression not soon to be;
ten.
ce of.
lies Thunderbolt, the place of Savannah
rives its name from the frequent stor '
visit this vicinity. Bar and biUiajtf
race tracks, ten pin alleys and other ac^
dations for the sporting gentry, are aW
and as oysters are brought in here N
river on which the place is situated J
well imagine their popularity on the h < I
8 P.U., Sunday.—the trains leaved
sonville after enjoying at least $20 00
of Savannah hospitality—and thronch ->•
of pine land and palmetto swamps wJ
this delightful place, so delightful inc '
yonr correspondent cannot forego n
some days basking in its soft air and
The nights and mornings are so cool
are quite comfortable—thongh the the
at 2 p. m., to-day in the sunshine
abont 90.
The St. Johns River is abont a mile
this point and navigable about 200 mi! e!
its broad waters the invalids and visitc-j
frequent excursions to points alopg ;j
About 15 miles above is situated the
farm of Mrs. H. B. Stowe, who is nows,
visitors at her Southern home. Two of N
ters are with her, and they are of coutse
curiosity. As yet I have not seen the ...
Orange groves are the principal scene*,
river—and are sources of considerable"
to their owners.
Money-making is the aim of all,
many of the private residences have
verted into hotels and boarding-housa
doing a thriving business. The St J t
principal hotel here, has a daily list a’
that would do credit to the Brown Hi
Spotswood, and the tide is coming i
constantly. Many who wero here In
are here again, and it is generally the:
a few years will render it as popular u
resort as Saratoga or Long Branch ij
mer. Certain it is that in view of this:
is now much enhanced in value andUii
lated in by shrewd visitors. It hi;
proven for manyan Eldorado, givingtt
lease on youth and strength—though
low cheeks you see, and short coughi;
are painfully suggestive of coffins, :
and graveyards.
Vegetation is, of conrse, much ad™
have green peas, lettuce, asparagus
even had a ripe strawberry.
The population here numbers about
sand—is thriving, ard has a strong
element.
The business of tbe plaoe is largr
thongh the fruit and lumber trade it
portant. Hurriedly, etc.
Oub last Courier-Journal h«« some good ones,
«• y. :
Mr. Robeeon ought to be a pretty good sailor by
this time, for be has been at eea ever einoe he was
made Secretary of tbe Navy.
The Chicago Tribune says Henry Ward Beecher
was “sired” for a preacher. It is fesred that it may
hereafter be said that he waa damned for the same
thing.
Mr. WilL Cumback, of Indiana, has been appoint
ed Minister to Portugal. A New York paper insists
that there is no necessity tar having a Minister to
Portugal at alL This is true, but nobody in Indiana
wante to see WilL Cumback.
An exohsnge reiterates the assertion that the
“colored troops fought nobly daring tbe late war.”
Their moat desperate effort has been since the War
and baok pay out of the bands
Public meetings in Hon
Perry, Ga., Februarybtl
Thi being a public day, a large a::!
able nnmber of the citizens of Honsl-.l
the Conrt-honse and organized by lie:
meat of James B. McMurry, Esq.,:
man, and Edwin M. Brown, Esq., ass'!
Gen. Eli Warren then presented '--I
ing resolutions to the meeting for its:f
ation, which were unanimously passe:
Resolved 1. That we are the adr
peace and constitutional government, I
mission to the laws passed in obedienej
Resolved 2. That we look npon
of Congress convening the Legislate
proceedings had and being had thera
uncalled for, contrary to the best i
the whole country, and nnconstiti
oppressive.
Resolved 3. That the means used tc j
the passage of the law of Congress i
ferred to, were and are false, infamo'J
rapt; and for the part that Gov. Bu|
and is taking in that unjust, oppress]
constitutional proceeding, he desen
has already received, the disapproYjl'j
est men who love constitutional govei
ivil liberty everywhere, without roj
political opinion.
Resolved4. That the Legislators]
has met and attempted to organize rfl
act of Congress, the propriety of
of us did, and do yet question; aril
military, it seems, has mostunjustlyb|
of Ms seat in the Senate Chamber,
Anderson, Senator from this district j
it seems nnder said ordor, may be#j
Dr. Wm. A Mathews, of this county']
election for Senators, received the
nnmber of votes for Senator, to CaT
Anderson.
Resolved 5. That we have confidsj
honor, integrity and patriotism of D J
and do respectfully request that b* f
seat in the Senate made vacant bj]
sion of Col Anderson.
Resolved 5. That a copy of these?
be furnished to Dr. Mathews, and *
lished in the Telegram: and Me&sd]
con, Ga.
After the reading and adoption of]
resolutions, Edwin M. Brown, EsaJ
in a few remarks expressed his goi
the adoption of the resolutions wm
cerity in Doctor Mathews as the h
sent&tive of this District in the Sett-]
A motion was then made to adjo|
tied. James B. McMubby,
Edwin M. Brown, Secretary.
The citizens of Fort Valley and]
country, met at Mathews’ HaU, thi>|
February, and elected CoL W. • I
Chairman of the meeting, and ele-w
Houser, Secretary.
The meeting having been oq
Anderson briefly stated its object, *
ascertain the sense of the comm®
respert to party, as regards Dr. 'ff-F
taking the seat of CoL W. J
in the Senate of the Georgia
vacant by order of the military a®
It was, on motion of Dr. J. A1
imoujJy adopted that Dr. W. A j
proceed to Atlanta immediately*
seat thus vacated.
It was further unanimously res’ 1 !
J. F. Troutman, Dr. J. A. Tig** j
J. Sis trunk, Mr. James Hardiso*]
John A. Houser, immediately
Mathews and present him with * 0
ceodings of the meeting, and
him in person more fully the
sense of the m acting.
mi'
John A. Houser, Secretary.
I lin
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ii
The Labor Question.—C
at length on our flirt page tc
hiring labor on orop shares.
eating and important a quest' 00 ’
the attention of the people.
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