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AJNTD GKE O RG-IA JOURNAL & ME88ENG-ER
EID & REESE, Proprietors.
The Family Journal.—News—Politics—Literature—Agriculture—Domestic Affairs.
r S TAUI.ISIfKO 1S-26.
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDHtO
MACON. FRIDAY, MARCH 18, 1870.
VOL HIV.—HO. 34
f Mir the Telegraph anti Messenger.
To 4'hiquita.
•v’lir.S h' 1 ' l“ st poem, inscribed to Rev. Dr.
, K „ il by bearing him preach a sermon
fTB*.text: “Glorious things are
,i0m . o'., City of God!’ - tTithPsalm, 3d
B «keno. '
§,ne \ ..;ii tin 1; <1° not deem it bold
Hut b** 1 *' V* 1 should answer thee,
Vilios > sms'® ‘rf®, **k° strains of old,
as David’s harp to me.
xvl|Cn ..Vr ntj muse is neaUii g near,
Ti , sweet slouco does it bring;
Ct ofien rheds a crystal tear
\Vbeii I forbid that it should sing.
Since lie » bast waked it, as it slept
' B neatli yon drooping, weeping tree,
Ii leaves its sorrows all unwept,
Xiiat it me sing w£h mo to thee.
When it heard thy “song” of praise
It opVd its timid, tearful eye,—
It turned on urn a wistful gaze.
And then looked npward to the sky.
And when I said that it might siog
It took my harp off from the tree.
Then shook the tear-drops from its wing,
And tang with me this song to thee.
But thinking that thou didst not bear,
Perchance, the lot?, deep-muffled strain,
I now will, through a Messenger,
repeat the plaintiff song again.
For the Telegraph and Messenger.
A Nous <>i* Zion.
Most glorious things! Oh, Zion, "City of our
God!"
Ara spoVn of thee, whero oft bright angel feet
li»\e trod;
And where ti e Three-in-One doth ever reign, and
mil.
The “parti redemption plan” of Scripture to ful
fill
Immortal Gates! now oft I’ve longed on thee to
gj.’.e,—
Ta Ties' the “hallow'd duet,” beneath those high
trehaays!
for weary trav’lers faint, and weak indeed, ’(was
inert
To shake it • ff, forever fir m their pilgrim fret;
When th-y had reached the goal, obtained the final
test,
p , r those who gain, by faith, tlte mansions of the
blest.
E'nhrig'drr to their gaze it shone than "Easter
g.iid”
Of dia toms which decked Jerusalem of olrl,
B-iicath that *Slor emblazoned banner they ndore
Wlii.-li o'er tint “si«itless Unit" will float forever-
rpon those lofty turrits they can enraptured stand,
OVtlockii g JonlanV stream, and all the Promised
land—
fan sit it putt ils battlements, “watch npon its
tow’is,”
And catch a charming view rf Elen’s heant’ona
in-'is.
Ita '
NOTES OX THE RAILWAY NiTl'.V-
TIOX IX GEORGIA.
Xnmber Four.
Messrs. Editors Telegraph and Messenger : ,
The excitement consequent upon the reassem
bling of the Legislature in January, and the ex
tent to which the newspaper press and the peo
ple generally were occupied with the discussion
of the last phase of reconstruction, made it ne
cessary, in my judgment, to discontinue, for the
time beiDg, my Notes on the Railway Situation
in Georgia. The public mind having settled
j down to its normal condition, however, it is my
purpose now to resume the work I had laid out,
and to continue it until I shall have said all that
I desire to say at this time.
In order to refresh the recollection of the
reader, it may not be improper to restate the
positions established in the thTee preceding
numbers of the Notes on the Railway Situation.
This will enable him to preserve the connection
and appreciate the argument at its true valae,
whatever that may be.
1. It was shown that the pub'.io mind was
, deeply concerned thirty-five years ago with the
i subject of railways, plankroads and canals. The
‘ great problem presented for solution at that
early period related to the most practicable
means and ronte for opening np communication
between the South Atlantic and the Northwest,
and between the Sonth Atlantic and the Gnlf of
Mexico and the lower Mississippi. In the out
set the proposed Charleston and Cincinnati rail
road met with most favor among those who were
seeking a connection with the Northwest. The
people of Georgia succeeded, however, in de
feating tha* project, and in having the great
railway lines, leading from the sea at Savannah
and Charleston, to pass diagonally across the
State to Atlanta, and thence to the Tennessee
river at Chattanooga, and on to the Ohio and
Mississippi.
For reaching the Gulf and the lower Missis
sippi side lines were thrown off to the west
ward from Macon and Atlanta, and a connec
tion formed with the Alabama railroads at Co
lumbus and West Point. The Southwestern
and Atlantic and Gulf railroads point in the
same direction, their ultimate object, after
meeting the wants of our own people, being to
establish a close connection between the ports
of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico.
2. It was shown farther that the railroad
lines here indicated, with their branch roads,
constituted the Railroad System of Georgia as
it existed at the close of the war. Savannah
and Savannah river was the base of the system.
To reach the Tennessee and the Northwest, we
hnd the Central, the Macon rnd Western, the
Georgia and the State railroads. To reach the
Chattahoochee and the Gulf, we had the Atlan
tic and Gulf, the Central, the Southwestern,
the Georgia, and the Atlanta and West Point
roads. These railways, with their side lines,
formed onr system of railways, and were capa
ble of transacting all the business of onr peo
ple. As was stated in a former number, there
was a railroad running through 71 of the 132
counties in the Stated and in several instances
there were two or more railroads through one
county. Tho greater part of the 44 other coun
ties were within twenty-five miles of a railway,
and there were only 17 counties in the State
which were not within twenty-five miles of a
railroad thtn already built, or soon to be built.
3. Ir. whs shown in the third place, that onr
Railway Sy»U'iu was capable of development
ami expansion to any desirable extent. The
bo v mountain paths" they now can wander J tracks of all onr roads being of the same gauge,
■ 1 and nil connected, a train srarting from Savun-
1b . ,u : ..... ., , , , i nab, Eufaula or Chattanooga, could run to any
WhMtMrrtof 'living green are ever fies.t and j other point in the State reached by a railroad;
and those portions of our territory which lay re-
Jlutr nti: y loved companions there are wont to
m et,
An-1 play on lteav'nly harps ilu-ir holy antlic-ms
Mwet—
Where all the lovely graces do each other kies,
Which fond endearment shows the acme of their
Mies.
Tig there the “blessed church" triumpliantly doth
stand,
la ill its majesty, the glflry of the land.
It is a sura defence npon Mount Zflsn'a Hill,
For lie hath built it by an effort of liis will.
Securely from storms, and every wintry gale;
Xor e'r against it can the gates of hell prevail;
For ho hath built a tow’r, and bound it “like a spell,’*
■'With mountains of His power,” which gird and
guard it well.
mote from” the main lines, could have been
easily reached by branch roads,"without disturb
ing the system or injuring the original compan
ies. The counties in northeastern Georgia, for
example, which had fewer railway facilities
than any other part of the State, could have
been easily and natnrally reached without in
jury to the Georgia Road, by the extension of
the Washington branch to Elberton and Hart
well, and by the extension of the Athens branch
to Clarkesvtlle or Dahlonega, or by the present
Air Line Railroad. Other northern and north
western counties could have been aided by side
lines thrown off at convenient points from the
.State Ruud, without damage to the latter, just
us the Southwestern counties had been pene
trated and relieved by the Southwestern
Road and its admirably located branch lines.
The counties on either side of the Central, the
Macon and Western, and the Georgia Roads
Briglr rrntintls of Peace, of Faith, and Hop* have C ould have been reached in the same safe and
t.-od, ■ satisfactory way, without hurt to any existing
Long, long, around the grand old Armory of God. j interest; while all Southern Georgia and North-
; ern Florida conld have had every needed facili-
Ob. '’Bleeped Ilorae” of Zion, “City of onr love" j ty afforded them by short lateral roads running
Oh. m tv w.i hop-- at last to dwell in thee above: j out from the great Atlantic and Gulf Trank
i.otli raise, ! ibis State, tho northern tier of counties in
IncrrufO our feeble faith and fan it to a blsze, j p lorI j Uj aud t i,e southeastern counties in Ala-
Tmt Lighter hopes may tluo’ His Soli our botoms : bums, with such business as would naturally
f.wll, flaw down to it through the Altamaha, the Flint
So wo mav find that “home” the Father “loveth j and tho Chattahoochee rivers. Wheu it passes
we ll’** i beyond this wide and inviting field, it comes in
Ho Util, built it* p .Uces, lain its masrivo floors; ! competition with other old and meritorious
H,n,v,a -id _
doors; I gized by the Mississippi and its tributaries.
Bat this stupendous work, tliaj Ho had thus begun, p^ose tributaries drain u vast region of terri-
He did not quite complete, lw*s fininlied l.y Hi* tor y no i reached by the great river itself, and
Son, ' : the produce floated down them to the Missis-
n* nude the loftv gate*, and suffered, oh nliat ajppl finds its natural and easy outlet by the
j ( | ” : Father of Waters to the sea. So with the rail-
i His I way system devised by our predecessors. By
constructing side lines at convenient points
: on the trank roads, they could be made to an
swer every purpose subserved by the tributa
ries to the Mississippi. Every section of the
State might be penetrated, and a cheap and ex
peditions communication opened np to the peo
ple and their produce. The streams of trade
Tho’ much, indeed, they ltkod tho grand “redomp- and travel, taking their rise in the mountains
tion plan ” amt remote parts of the State, wonld gradually
Scorning Him, they said, ‘that He was not tl.o grow swell in volume, until they reached
A» with His bleeding hands, no linn;; thorn on I
Indeed it was a task, Ho gave his Son to do,—
With a rebellions world resting on Him, too;
And all its iniquities pressing on Him sore,—
Whose site, and its revilings, patiently heboio.
tne main lines or channels, into which they
. . , .. _ , wonld pour their rich and varied contributions,
And alien they crucified Him, little did tnoy dream, to |je transported still more rapidly and cheaply
They helped Him to complete the grand rederap- | u t g rea t centres and marts of trade.
tion scliemo; • 4. It was showo, lastly, that this Bystem was
And gazing on Him still, with hatred nudiuiinisli’d, established and these roads were projected by
As lie in ancniHli cried, ‘’Xis finfchod-it is fin- onr own people, and built by their own hand*,
. . , T „ and paid for by their own hard-earned money
li,,ca ’ und honest sword, and that they are owned
upon ISta.of Hi.{£
birth;
tax payers of Georgia, and a subscription was
And while, with streaming rye*, she' s*w the deed authority of the Legislature to the At-
« as ilono,
lantic and Gulf Road. These were believed to
H* Mi.l to her, “behold the anguish of tliy Son!— Bo exceptional cares, though it remains “to be
With accents r til! divine,—while clamor* filled tho seen, if not by us, at least by our posterity,
whether this departure from the rule of leaving
all matters of a merely business character to
Did 11 o commit her to His “loved dirdph s’” priviUo en ( 6rp rise was wise or unwise.
And when llo deeper felt tho tron piereo Ilia This much by way refreshing the recollection
eonl,”
of the reader. Let us now resume our histor
Tho tun, moon and etnre were like a “blackened £ cfd rev icw of the railroads in Georgia.
scroll,”— • When the Central, the Georgia and Monroe,
Hi* mothcr’a boer.m heaved, tho earth began to (now Macon and Western,) companies under-
nnafce , took to build their respective roads, they were
He cried, “mv Ood, my God, why dost Thou mo enomroged by the LegislationoftheStato to
' 1 proceed m the fiice of obstacles apparently in-
forsak e? .‘surmountable. The Act of 183G, providing for
As man, He eccnnd to doubt Hw blessed Futhei » tho cons tr UC tion of the Western and Atlantic
love; ! road as a State work, virtually gave a public
At God, resigned his soul to Him who reign’d above, j p j e age to the companies just named—then the
And in the presence of that vast assembled host. ! only companies building roads—that the State
1 would build a railway from the eagtern side of
! the upper Chattahoochee to the Tennessee, and
' would assist the companies undertaking to join
tho State work at its southern terminus. With
out a continuous line of railroad leading from
IT* ciied again to God, then yielded np the ghost.
Lekork.
(To he continued.']
Colkge HiU', Macon, March 4th.
M. Oi.t.tvibh’bspeech at a political banquet in
Darig, on Monday night, urged all political par
ties to give the ministry assistance, and because
errors which had been committed, not to
A Sep aloof. He predicted that, in spite of diffi
culties and accidents unforseen, the ministry
would yet succeed.
Ihe liabilities of the Liverpool and Manches-
ter cotton speculators, whose failures have been
announced by cable, are estimated at- not less
than five million dollars.
A deer dish—venison.
tho Chattahoochee to the sea, it was seen that
the Western and Atlantic road would be value
less. Hence, the law promised a million of dol
lars to the companies named in the act to assist
them in forming the connection allnded to.
The companies knew and acknowledged the
value of a passage through the mountains.
The policy at that time was for the State to
build a part, and the private companies a part
of a great railroad line from the Northwestern
section of Georgia to the Southeastern section
at Savannah, and also lines to Augusta and Co
lumbus, uniting with tho navigable streams
which bound the State on the east and on the
west. Columbus failed to meet the State work.
Milledgville never made the attempt The lines
from Savannah, Maoon and Augusta, and the
State road, were completed and joined, after
years of labor and expenditure of many mil
lions of dollars. Thus was begun and estab
lished, as we have heretofore seen, the basis of
a Railway System for Georgia. The State built
ita road but never redeemed ita pledge to the
private companies, who had to rely solely on
their own limited means.
It may well be asked, whether the compa
nies between Savannah and Atlanta, and be
tween Augusta and Atlanta, would have been
able to accomplish their work, or would even
have begun it, if it had been imagined that the
State would ever in coming time grant aid to
build railroads as rivals to or competitors with
their lines. And it may truly be answered that
they never oould.
The system bo established was soon greatly
improved by individual enterprise. The East
Tennessee and Georgia Road, the Rome Road,
the Atlanta and West Point Road, the Muscogee
Road, the Augusta and Savannah Road, the aide
roads to Milledgeville and Eatonton, to Athens,
to Washington, and to Thomaston,were built in
perfect harmony with the system. The South
western Road leading to Albany, to Fort Gaines
and to Eofntda, harmonized with the system.
The Atlantio and Gnlf Road, and the Brunswick
and Florida Road as originally projected, were
in accordance with it. These roads, with such
other side lines as might become neoessaxy in
the future, constituted almost a perfect system.
Certainly no other State in the Union could then
present a better one. A road running due South
from Albany to Tallahassee, and on to the east
ern end of St. George’s Sound on the Gulf,
where there is said to be a good harbor, would
have improved the system. This road would
have crossed the Atlantio and Gnlf Road about
midway between Thomasville and Bainbridge,
and would have put the Gulf of Mexico, Middle
Florida, and onr own Southwestern oonnties in
easy and direct communication with the interior
of the State, and our whole system of railroads.
For some years proceeding the war, a system
atic effort was made through the Legislature to
disturb, if not to break np the Railway System
here set forth and described. This was to be
done by committing the State to the policy of
general State aid to railroad enterprises. Aid
was sought for one enterprise and then for
another, and the most specious reasons were of
fered for eaoh one of them. The great majority
of our people, however, turned their faoes like
flint against a policy which was at once so haz
ardons and so uDjust. In those days our pros-
jerity was unexampled in any part of the world.
Peace prevailed in all onr borders; money was
abundant; our labor was efficient and reliable;
our crops requiring transportation were almost
twice as heavy as they are now, and if there was
any need of increased railway facilities it was
greater then than now, on account of the larger
freighting and passage business then offering.
But this business, heavy as it was, was easily
performed by the then existing railroads, and as
these roads had nearly all been constructed by
private capital, the Legislature, then happily
free from the rule of bayonets and aliens, stead
ily relnsed to embark upon the dangerous ca
reer to which it was so persistency invited. It
is only since the war that this wise policy has
been abandoned. In our better, and purer, and
more prosperous days, when public offices were
bestowed upon men of integrity and ability, when
our Legislature was free from the suspicion of
corruption, and the bench was occupied by
judges whose character and attainments lifted
them high above the multitude—in those hap
pier times, when Justioe, Wisdom and Modera
tion were the motto of our State government
and the rale of conduct among oar people—it
was deemed wisest and best by all concerned to
leave to individual enterprise and capital the
the work of constrncting iutemal improvements
and opening up avenues of trade and travel,
and developing the resources of our rich and
teeming soil.
What, it may be asked, has produced the
change in this respect, which is now so painfully
manifest in the conduct of our public affairs ?
Is there anything in the general condition of the
country to authorize it? Is our State govern
ment more firmly fixed and more wisely admin
istered ? Are onr people richer, and onr crops
larger, that railway transportation cannot be
provided fast enough without calling in the aid
of the tax-payers of the State ? Is there any
thing in the financial condition of the State and
the people to justify the fatal polioy into which
both are now sought to be dragged ?
The idea seems to be getting possession of
the publio mind, that the State, if secured be
yond all doubt, may endorse the bonds of rail
road companies to any extent, without danger
to the public weal. Nothing conld be more er-
roneoos. Let it be admitted, for the sake of
the argument, that through the personal respon
sibility of the stockholders, fastened upon their
whole property as a mortgage,or by other means
the State oould not lose by its endorsement, and
yet it is plain that public wealth might be great
ly impaired by the grant of the State's credit
Railroads which do not pay are injurious to the
public welfare. If capital, whether famished
by the State or by individuals, be buried with
out hopes of return, the publio wealth is lessen
ed by the sum of that capital. Other interests,
agricultural, mechanical and miscellaneous,have
so much of the publio means abstracted from
them, and thus double injury is inflicted on the
people. Railroads which do not pay, will never
be kept in order, and cannot, for any length of
time, be kept at all by the original owners. They
may be sold under execution, and thus oome in
to the hands of new owners at so low a figure as
to be revived, and be remunerating. But in
Suoh case the capital of the proje-.tors is gone
forever, and its flight can be traced only by the
tears of rained men and women.
There is something exciting in the idea of
competition and rivalry. In no department of
the busy world is this exeitement stronger than
in the matter of transporting passengers and
produce by means of railways. In many of the
States north of us experience baa shown what
evils spring from too great encouragement of
competition. The general blessings conferred
by well managed railroads are acknowledged on
every hand; and yet the road to rain may be aa
sure by the iron rail aa by any other of the thou
sand ways which lead in that direction. Is it
not enough to leave the means of anoh competi
tion and excitement to those who desire to pro
mote them? Why should the State be embarked
in the strife ? The policy of State aid, if once
fastened npon us, would invite and encourage
this rivalry and excitement, to the irreparable
injury of thousands of her people—of that por
tion of her people, too, who, by their enterprise
and their private pecuniary means, first brought
to the State her glory and honor and power. Is
there nothing due fromthe State to that people?
Having risen to our present high position, shall
we kick from under us the friendly ladder by
which we have ascended? In other words,
shall we, by disturbing the railway system of
onr fathers, and by an unjust use of the taxes
wrung from the labor of an over bnrthened
people, build up rival linea not demanded by the
business of the country, and thus rain the pio
neers in the great work of internal improve-
ment?
But the subject opens np so widely that we
must reserve further reraatk for another time.
Hxstobicus.
LETTER FROM WASHINGTON.
Fate of Bia|haai’s Amendment IHtnbtfnl—
Dentraetivea Refuse Be!*—The Agricultu
ral Department—Funding and Army Bills
—The Female Bohemians.
Washington, March 12, 1870.
Editors Macon Telegraph and Messenger :
Georgia is having a respite to-day. The Geor
gia bill had been made the special order, but
the Senate having exhausted itself over the
funding bill adjourned to Monday, when the
battle of Bollock against Georgia will commence.
It is doubtful now upon whoee banner victory
will perch. Bollock and Butler arc lobbying
industriously and openly on the Senate floor, to
the great disgust of lookers on. It is to be hoped
thht when it/oomes to a vote Senators will re
sent this impertinenOS^If they do not they
will but seal their own degradation. Forney’s
Chronicle teems daily with lie* editorial and lies
Weekly Rename or Foreign A Shim.
fbzpabed ran th* TKxaosim nut
Gbxax Barraih.—In the Lower Hoorn the
Irish land tenure bill was debated. The Irish
members, at a private meeting, have adopted e
resolution to pxoftaee amendments to the'bill
without opposing it generally.
Gladstone, blinding to the Fenian, prisoners,
declared that they were eepermted from the
ordinary criminals and received a noth better
treatment. The wife of O'Donovan Roam had
been permitted to visit her 1* Kh mH
where she had congratulated him on —r of
his improved appearsnoe. [Laughter.]
There are roman afloat that the government
intends to suspend once more the act of hshnns
corpus in Ireland.
There is little hope left for the safety of the
the a eatnahip “City of Bruton ” The steamer
“Braid,” which was sent from Halifa'l to cruise
for the ill-fated vessel, has returned without
any result. In Europe they give her np m
HipH lost, and the insurance companies decline any
telegraphic in the interest of Bollock, while the insurance on her altogether. As no floating
Republican says nothing. One is believed to shipwrecks have been met with, it is probable
be the pud organ of Bullock, and the other is ] that the “City of Boeton" foundered on the
not. This makes the difference. The Bullock ; high sea with everything on board. ' '
party profess to be sanguine as to the result of j Fuakcs.—At a political banquet Fmiia oili-
the contest in the Senate over Mr. Bingham’s j vier made a manly speeoh in which he called
amendment, bat have backed down when bets . upon all parties to support the ministry. He
have been offered. On the whole they look t urged them not to keep aloof because mistake*
rather blue, and I sincerely hope they may have ; had occurred, but to point out the road to ini-
cause to look blue. You will no doubt have • provements. He expressed his conviction that
the result by telegraph before this letter reaches j the ministry would still suoeeed. A society
you. _ , f called the “Friends of Order” has been organ-
H&viDg ft few moment s leisure yesterday I ! jzed for the purpose of opposing reYolutio&ftry
paid abrief visit to the Agricultural Department, ' riots in Paris.
to me one of the most interesting places in or j Eight hundred conscripts made a revolution-
about Washington. Not the least important, ary demonstration by marching in a line and
branch of the Agricultural Department is the ; with a crape banner at their head to the office
iT£Ktiaiisr
taftiy te Life Dfmnadt their General Vie.
From the Feu York Evening Post.
The Railroad Cowmisasonen of the State of
Me—chneetts have made e report upon the use
of steel rails in this oountry. They addressed
e circular to the oBoera of all the railways in
the country, asking them if they seed such
rails; when they began to nee them; the weight
A Behais la the VraHhUaaAwef
Bepetiw Ww
BeMl Agieifn I
The offiei*} short-hand reports of the pro
cecdings of the French Corps Legiaktit are
still as incomplete and nnreKabie aa ever be
fore. A Belgian paper gives the following
per yard; the relative ccet of steel and iron account of the terrible row which took piece
breakage, and several other questions of simi- which the Journal Official del Empire gives
larimpost. r but a very meagre account;
twenty of which had not used ateela, and eleven *? ent i Chamber knows that our raten-
had tried them only experimentally, bat snffi- , tione— ,
eientiy to pronounce them superior to iron rails. ‘ . Jules Favre Don t speak of your mien-
Twenty-six roads had laid ateel track in amounts bousl You ere truckling to the court, sad
from 100 to 15,000 tons, and their reports were i befving your past I ■
favorable to the use of such rail*, especially: President Schneider—M. Jules Fat*, I
where the track is subject to heavy service, j have not beard what you said, but your (X-
Up to February of this year, the entire amount cited gestures plainly indicate that you viola-
ot steel track laid in this oountry is 49,^00 tons, ■ tad the order of debate. [Denials on the left,
equal to 618 miles of railway. Of these rails cheers on the right and in the center ] Let
some were manufactured in Europe and others the Minister of Justice proceed without fur-
in this country, and the cost, delivered here, i t her interruption
varied from W per cent, more to t little over j M Qilivier—I shall always be proud of
100 per cent, more than the cost of iron rail* I having belonged to the “Five” of 1857. [Tu-
ehemical division, though it doubtless receives ! of “La Marseillaise,” where they halted to «»«g
less attention than it deserves. The appropria- that famous revolutionary song. The polios
tions have been so exceedingly small that the did not attempt to interfere with the procession,
division has bad many difficulties to contend j The press blaims the government for with-
with; but its pre&ent usefulness can hardly be holding any particulars respecting the pretend-
over-estimated. A chemical library is being ed conspiracy against the State and the Emperor,
collected aa rapidly as possible, and a valuable ■ Seven members of the editorial staff belong-
nucleus has already been gathered. The min- i D g to “La Reforms” have been sentenced to
oral collection, though small, is valuable and in- from one to four months’ imprisonment, and to
teresting. It is intended this shall be extended pay & fine in addition for having violated the
so ob to embrace specimens of soils, marls, min- press regulations.
erals, etc., from all parts of the country. Many- Bazire, attached to “La MarseilUise,” was
experiments have been made by the chemists * sentenced to three months’ imprisonment be-
of the Department with the sug-.r beet. Last cause he had cheered the Republic in the pree-
year twelve varieties were planted, and analyzed e nce of the Emperor.
for the purpose of ascertaining their relative su- ; Henan, the writer of “La Vie de Jesus," has
gar producing qualities, the kind of soil best been re-instated in his office as Professor at the
suited to their growth, etc. I saw here speci- College de France.
mens of beet root sugar from Chatsworth, Illi
nois, where after expending ten hundred and
It is positively asserted that Darn, the Min
ister for Foreign Affairs, baa sent a note to
fifty thousand dollars, a company formed there Rome, protesting against the Papal Syllabus,
for manufacturing beet sugar, abandoned tie
undertaking. This loss and subsequent failure
might have been arrested had the company con
sulted a competent chemist. One great cause
of this failure to establish a new industry was
the nature of the soil in which the beets were
planted. An analysis made at the Department
showed that the soil was much too rich, and
contained too great a proportion of potash salts
for the successful cultivation of the sngar beet.
Had earlier application been made to the De
partment the large expenditure of the company
to no purpose might have been saved. This is
one indication of the value of the chemical di
vision to the country at large.
A series of experiments are now in progress
with sumac, with a view to ascertaining the com
parative value of the American and Foreign
tinman. The former sells for about $35 per ton,
and the latter fur double as ntuoh or $200 per
ton. The experiments thus far show ns large a
per centage of tannin in the Americau Sumac
as in the Sicilian.
An analysis is being made of the sweet po
tato to show the proportions of starch and hu-
gar it contains, the Tesnlt of which may lead to
the establishment of new branches of industry.
Mexico sends here a jalap root, desiring to
know its value as compared with other jalap
roots, from which is extracted the medicine so
generally used. Also, specimens of earth from
which the Mexicans make soap.
Experiments are shortly to be made witti ce
reals grown in the different States of the Union,
for the purpose of ascertaining their compara
tive food valae. The result of all experiments
and analyses of interest appear in the reports
of the Department, and are thus disseminated
far and wide for the information of the people.
The chemical division of the Agricultural De- ,
Th* Monument to Stonewall Jackson.
Ex-Governor Letcher, of Virginia, has pub
lished a statement respecting the proposed
monument to Stonewall Jackson, saying £50,-
000 is needed, and that no local or sectional
views restrict the scheme—that it is national
in its design and the North has oordiaUy re
sponded to the appeal, and *he East and the
West are moving. It is proposed to erect a
memorial ohapel in the Military Institute in
Lexington, and, should the funds collected
permit, a statute in bronac or marble, “to
transmit to coming generations the features,
form and expression of one whoee name and
virtues are alike known and honored through
out the civilized world, and who was a bright
exemplar of whatever was true and noble, and
of good report among men 1"
aud intimating that France, by the proclamation
of Papal infallibility, might be induced to with
draw her troops from Rome.
Nobth GELMAN Gokfedkeatiox.—The latest
picture of Wilhelm vouKaulbacb, the celebrated
painter, has attained a rapid celebrity, not only
from its intri it>io merits but also from the in
trigues by which the clerical party baa suc
ceeded in stopping its exhibition at Munich.
The artist, wishing to represent a gloomy epoch
of humanity, chose his subject from the dark
records of the Holy Inquisition. Peter Arbues,
a Grand Inquisitor, is celebrated for his meroi-
less raging against all heretics. The picture
represents bun as a tottering old man, whose
face betrays the most implacable religious fa
naticism. Two monks and various officials of
the Inquisition complete the session of the holy
office. Arbues has just issued from the portal
of the gloomy building and pauses under the
statue of the Mater Dolorosa to pronounce judg
ment upon a family of heretics who are kneel
ing before him. The rage imprinted on hit
features would aloue suffice to show that the
supplicants bad little to expect from his mercy,
even if he did not point with his crutch to the
fire smouldering in the back ground, and filling
the whole scene with smoke. He leans on the
two monks, one of whom has a highly sensual
expression of countenance, while the face • f the
other is marked by gloomy fanaticism. A third
monk is employed in gathering together the
confiscated property of the heretics, and a long
procession bearing the form of the crucified Sa
viour are escorting condemned prisoners to the
stake. The groups of inquisitors are said to
be excellently conceived and executed.
Spain.—Carlistic disturbances are' again re
ported from Aragon and Segovia.
The question “Who ehall be king?” is not
pertinent costa the Government but $3(100 per inch nearer ils solution thXH six months ago.
annum. Only two persons are employed—Prof. The members of the government disagree on
Antisel, chemist, and Dr. Tilden, assist tut this point as much as ever,
chemist; while there is work for at least a dozen Admiral Topete is the only adherent of the
chemists and as many clerks. Letters and spa- Duke of Montpensier in the Cabinet. When,
cimens for analysis pour in from every quarter, therefore, Prim seized again an opportunity of
Many speoimens of mineral ore are reoeived, declaring his opposition to the Duke as King of
some of which require several days’ attention, Spain, Topete ielt offended and tendered his re-
and for which no charge is made. If the Gov- signation. He was, however, finally prevailed
eminent is really bent on economy it should upon to remain in office.
take measures to release the Agricultural Bu* i Queen Isabella is spending her immense for-
reau of much of this work, and allow the chem- tu n6 a t the rate of five millions in eighteen
i&ta to devote themselves exclusively to agricul- months. As this extravagant way of living may
tural chemistry. As no charge is made for an- even waste an enormous fortune, Francis of
alycing specimens sent in, their number is im- Assisi, her royal consort, ha*deemed it prndent
mense; and it would perhaps be as well, if, ss to seize his wife’s personal property to save the
I remarked before, the Government really | infants of Spain from penury. In the mean-
means economy, to impose a small fee in such i time the parties at war have come to an under
doses sufficient to cover the cost of labur and standing, and a court of arbitration in Paris will
material expended. t settle the differences between the royal couple,
Congress progresses slowly with the work he- amioably. Dissipation seems to be oontagions
fore it; and the result will either be an unn6u- j a t ^ at quarter. The Countess of' Girgenti, a
ally long session, or what is quite as probable, daughter of Isabella, has preferred suit against
important bills will be hastily rushed through at. ji er husband for squandering her dower. The
the eleventh hour, resulting in much crude and Conn* of Girgenti is a brother of the Ex-King
unwise legislation. Two important bills have j of Naples, now living in Rome,
been disposed of this week so far as one branch | The Cortes has granted the proeeeution of the
of Congress is concerned. _ The Senate has Bishop of Santiago
passed the Funding bill, which has been the Italy.—The news from Rome is nninterest-
bane of the re|>orter8, (he horror of those who ingj. The Infallibilists are endeavoring to carry
visit the Senate galleries for amusement, and tjj e proclamation of the dogma by every posai-
the bore of Senators themselves; and it now , ble means, but the opposition is gaining ground,
goes to the House. Gen. Logan has carried j t j 8 diffioult to predict the final decision of the
through the House, without division or impor- , Council. The eduoaied classes in Europe, ee-
tant amendment, the bill reported by him from ‘ peeiafly in Germany, are greatly opposed to
the Military Committee for the recitation of the p apB i infallibility. Numerous addresses of con-
army. The bill reduces tho army in numbers ■ gratulation have been sent to Doellinger for his
and pay some thirty-three per cent, and is re- ; famous and elaborate protest against infallibUi-
garded as substantially a Democratic triumph, ty from all parts of Germany. King Ludwig; of
The fate of this bill in the Senate is, however, Bavaria, has written a letter to the champion,
considered doubtful. Such is the Congressional 1 learned professor urging bits to continue in de
record for the week, closing to day. In reality, i fending the State against the undue influence
bnt four days out of the seven are devoted to G f the Church.
national legislation. The Senate rarely meets j The address of infallibility presented to the
on Saturday, and the House only for buncombe * p ap g was only signed by two American bishops,
speech-making; and Monday is private bill, The Armenian Catholics, who have so em-
day. This leaves but four days in which to at- phatioslly protested against the supremacy of
tend to the business of the country, and tho : Borne by declining to acknowledge the anthori-
daily sessions average about four hours' dura- ty Q f t h e ir Patriarch, have been exeommuni-
tion. Of these four hours at least three are de- d by the Pope. The Turkish Government
voted to personal explanations aud personal j hna presented them.with a mosque ia Constant!-
controversies. This leaves four hours per week i no pja f or their religious service. The Pope
The Eastern Railroad, in Massachusetts, tea
four hundred and ten tons of steel rails,' weigh
ing from fifty-six to sixty pounds per yard, at a
cost of $150 per ton, against iron at $80 per ton
at the same time. These were laid in Septem
ber, 1808, and July, 1809, have stood the sever
est tests, and are apparently as good as new
now. The Boston and Maine Company pnt
down a mile of such track, which shows no per-
oeplible wear.
. Mr. Georg6 Stark, manager of the Boston and.
Lowell road, does not think, after experiments,
that publio safety or the interests' of the; rosd
wonld be promoted by exchanging iron rails of
the best quality for steel. He writes that the
manufacture* of steel is liable to quite as much
imperfection as the manufacture of iron; that
slight imperfection*, comparatively harmless in
iron, are fatal to steel: that the rails cost more
than they are worth; and that they cannot be
re-rolled, as iron rails can. In this last objec
tion the commissioners think that Mr. Stark is
mistaken, as reoent experiments show that old
rails and the “stub ends” of new rails have been
re-rolled successfully.
The Boston and Albany road has laid 1,200
tons, equal to twelve miles, since 1805, and
finds that the steel rails were in good order after
three and a half years, at points where iron
rails did not last uue year, tieventy-one rails
have broken. The Boston and Providence road
has laid and used, since 1865, fifteen miles of
steel track. Oue hundred daily trains have
passed over these rails, yet the track shows no
signs of wear, while iron rails on the same road
have been renewed thirteen times. The coat
was 100 per cent more than for iron. The
manager remarks that steel rails must be per
fectly rolled, as the slightest flaw may occasion
them to break like icicles.
The Old Colony and Newport Road bought a
few tons of steel rails in 1861, at a cost of $90
in gold per ton, against $75 in currency for
iron; these rails have outworn five renewals of
iron rails. The Vermont Central reports favor
ably on thence of steel rails to a limited extent
since 1867. The President of Ogdenabnrgh and
Lake Champlain Road thinks that steel rails at
$140 per ton, are cheaper than iron rails, which
must be removed once in seven years. The
managing director of the Grand Trank Railway
approves of steel tails and has tried them satis
factorily, bat says: “We do not propose at
present, to relay any portion of the Portland
line, which is in the United States, with steel
Tails owing to the excessive cost which that
measure would involve, from the high duties
now rnlinginyour country upon imported steel. ”
The remaining roads mentioned in the com
missioners’ report are in different parts of the
United State*; their managers in general report
in favor of the use of steel rails, and U6sert their
decided superiority over iron, especially where
severe servic e is necessary.
From all these reports from all sections of the
oountry the commissioners deduce : 1. That
extremes of temperature do not injuriously af
fect sieel rails. 2 That their durability far ex
ceeds that of the best iron. 3. That heavy
grades and sharp curves do not materially affect
the wear of steel rails. 4. That the rails should
be inspected, with a view to the detection of
flaws, before layiDg, thereby obviating risks to
life and property. 5. That holes in the rails
for spiking them down should be drilled; not
punched.
Steel welded on iron bases are approved. Of
21,786 such rails, made at Trenton, and laid on
the Erie road, only 107 proved defective. Ex
periments show the comparative strength of
steel and iron rails to tie as 5 to 3, and the com
parative stiffness at 4 to 3. Steel rails are
needed to meet the requirements of locomotives,
the weight of which has been more than doub
led since their first use in this oountry. Exoept
for heavy traffic, they say it is not necessary to
nse steel rails, if only care is taken to select
the beet iron ones. It is more economical to
nee steel rails, if they cost not over fifty per
cent, more than iron ones, but the present and
proposed tariff most be reformed before the
for national legislation. When the daily cost of
Congress to the oountry is summed up and set
against this four hours’ weekly service, it will
be found that the people pay very dearly indeed
for their Congressional whistle.
Among the lady correspondents now in Wash
ington are Mrs. Grace Greenwood Lippincott,
has sent Monsignore Plugin to the East with a
view of repairing the schism. Jabno.
The Income Tax.-
The Washington Republican has “good an
thority for Baying that there will be important
(O. G., of the New York Tribune,) Mrs. Briggs, j mod iQ ca ti ona . in the income tax, made by the
(“Olivia,” of Forneys Press,) Mrs. Mary „ ... ■ . . „ _ ., .
Clemmer Ames, (of the New York Independ- . Committee of Ways and Means, which will go
ent,) Miss tiherly Dare Dunning, and Mrs. Har- far to remove the objections entertained against
riet Prescott Stafford. I this law by the business men of the' oountry,
Mrs. D. P. Bowera closes an engagement at j am whioh be the removal of the clause
the National Theatre to-night, bhe was pro- .... - ... -
vented from appearing on Monday last by ill- j authorizing informers,
ness, and has only appeared daring the last ~
three nights. She has not had very good houses;
while the Chapman Sisters, “the violets of the
stage,” the inimitable Bishop, have had
crowds of visitorsnightiyatWaU’s Opera House.
Owen announces an engagement at the National
Monday evening. Dalton.
Hew Orleans Cotton Statement*
From the Pioaynns, of Sunday, we quote the
ootton statement of that point np to Satur
day, the 12th instant:
Stock on hand Sept 1, 1869......(bales) 770
Arrived since last statement. 2,564
Arrived previously. 923,753-926,317
927,087
Cleared to-day ....<,........2,551
Cleared previously and burnt...687,781-690,332
8tock an hand and on shipboard............236,755
A. Washington letter of Thursday says:
“The cadetship stir-about is producing re
sults already. Colonel Prosser, Representa
tive from the Nashville District, has instruct
ed the head of the colored schools in Nash
vil!e to call for * competitive examination
among the colored reholars, and will give his
nomination to West Point Academy to the
best scholar among them. Persons interested
in seeing the West Point Military 8chool
broken np are exultant over the recent no
tion of Radical Representatives in this re-'
gsrJ."
Thee* hundred and thirty-seven doctors e|
medicine were graduated last week in PhiledgW
phis, by four colleges, inelading fourteen by
the Women's Mescal College, end 1W by the
Jefferses Medical CoQaga. Whewl
• A-;; %?• iM&ii - -sf: liv; i ‘ >1
niultuoutr interruptions on the left, j
M. Gambetia—The men who eketed you
then, now repudiate and despise you!
President—I call you to order, M. Gsmbet-
ta 1 [Cheers on the right, laughter on the
left.]
M. Gambetia—I only state aliiatcrieal fact
You had better call history to order, Mr- Pres
ident [Loud applause on the left Noisy in
terruptions on the right ]
M. Ollivier— Your intemperate and unjust
interruptions can not make any impression on
me—
Jules Ferry—No, all you care for is office,
office, and big pay ? [Cries of “order 1 or
der 1"]
President—Sit down, M. Ferry 1 I call yon
to order 1
Jules Ferry—That isanhonor tome. [Sev
eral members on the right rise and demand a
renewal of the call to order.”
Piesident—I beseaeh you, gentlemen, to be
quiet Let the orator proceed.
M. Ollivier—My father taught me—
Gamier Pages—Don't speak of your father.
He i- a Republican. What right have yon, a
renegade, to refer to him?
M. Ollivier—M. Gamier Pages has no right
to speak to me in that manner.
President—It is inexcusable on the part
of M. Gamier Pages. [Loud cheers on the
right]
Peiletan—Cali M. Ollivier to order, Mr.
President, for slandering hi* father, Demos
thenes— [Loud noise in the hall, which
drowns the voice of M. Peiletan. and goe* on
fur several minutes. The President rings his
bed for some time.]
President—Order, gentlemen. Take your
seats! Let us bring this unpleasant incident
to a o!o*e 1 [Very good! very good I on the
right]
Jules Favre—Of court*, you always want
to stifle dkcudsioa when it' does not suit you.
[ Hisses ih the center.]
Pre-ident—Order 1 once more, order!
ML O liver—This unqualified attack on me
will not td.eoce me \V hen his Majesty, the
Emperor—
(lainbelts [-ner-ringlyl—His Majesty! Oh.
courtier, courtier 1 [Calls to order.]
P.< sident—Do not interrupt the speaker.
Olliver—When the Emperor—
Peiletan—You mean Bonaparte ?
K- ratry—The hero rf Boulogne?
Grenier de Ca-«igiiac—And of Magenta?
[Loud laughter on the left.] *
Jules Favre—No, of Strasburg I
Relmontet—Thi* is abominable !
J ules Ft-rrv—Don’t mention that man here
any more. [Nearly the whole right rises and
utters loud shouts of indignation ]
President—If these interruptions do not
cease I shall be obliged to suspend the rittmg.
No further interruptions will be tolerated.
[ "Very good,” in the center ]
M. Olliver—Why all this excitement? I
was going to say that, when the Emperor—
Gambetia—Yes, when the Emperor paid
you for your treachery to the Democracy by
—[Tumultuous calls to order.}
.1 ules Favre—That is so.
Garnier-Pages—History proves it.
Ollivier—I indignantly deny that I ever
violated my pledges.
Jules Ferry—Until Bonaparte made you
his minister? Oh, no, you aid before 1
President—This is intolerable. The Minis
ter must absolutely be allowed to go on.
Ollivier-—Oh, let them go on. I do not
care.
Gambetia—You do not care for anything.
Jules Ferry—Exoept office. . [The noise at
this moment becomes so deafening that noth
ing can be heard any longer.]
M. Ollivier—(When silence is established at
refhto
use of steel rails in this country can beoome ,
* These in brief are the conclusions of the j 1 & *) I hurl back your accusations,
commissioners, who are Messrs. James O. ! Girnter-Pagee But you cannot
Converse, Edward Appleton and Charles | them. ... . .. a
F. Adams, Jr. Their report furnishes still; President—Another interruption, M. Gar-
farther evidence of the injury which !* done to ' nicr-Pages, and I shall call you to ordert
the general interests of the country by the mo- ]. Briet is at last restored, Mid M. Ollivier M
nopolist tariff, which makes steel rails^so nn- : allowed to proceed,
necessarily dear as to check their use. There is
no donbt that the saf6fy to life on railroads de- {
manda the general nse of steel rails. But the ; The Chicago Republican is a little
Blodgett.
The Chicago RepubKcsu ia a
duty on *teii rails ha* made them *o dear that upon p3 Utic»l friend Foster Blodgett, Uni-
while, as will be seen, they are laid over the . , _ . *, v.
Canadian part of the Grand-trunk line, the 1 ^ States^ Senator eket from Georgia. It is
managers of that road cannot afford to lay them j true the distinguished ‘Senator is under at
in the United States. Thus the monopolists in ; indictment for perjury, bnt we leave it to the
Iron and steel actually endanger aud sacrifice j . » , •
the lives of the traveling public, to fill their own i ®* n did reader to tay u IH tact jesufics the
pocket-*. ] Republican in talking about him thus:
A document of tho House of Represetita-
JudgeCHlmnleeNells^Another RedI- vZSSuSZ
In the Constitution, of yesterday, we find the j
following. - | contest the seat of Jo-hua Hui in the United
A dispatch from Atlanta to Washington eity ; g^tes Senate, served twelve month* ie the
having stated that a Convention of the Demo- TCbel ]tf r . Blodgett hionrff testiles.
eratao party of Georgia will be called by a ms- under that fae enlist for twelve months'
jonty of the Executive Committee, tn the event l_. .i tj; l
of the passage of the bill for the admission of ^thT^’Hk eSnrtfothrf^
Georgia with Bingham s amendment, the under-! M,,vou A "T!;, tT . i ,»■
signed, ss Chairman of the Executive Commit- - proper® was liable to beerafiseatod and him*
toiL deems it due to troth to say that no each sell and family were exposed to dangers from
AMU iaxonUmplAtod by any member of the Com-. the rebel populace^ wbioa eoald only be evert-
mittee, so far as he is apprised. No member of ; ed by bis enlisting in the Confederate service,
the Committee, or other person, has requested ■ Supposing all that Mr. Blodgett says to bs
him to convene the Committee to consider the . true, how does it make him superior to Joshua
propriety of calling a Convention—nor will he, Hill, who was exposed to the asms dangers a*
voluntarily, do so, as he knows of no necessity Mr. Blodgett ana yet never found it nwee.wary
for snch a Convention at present, and is opposed to take UP arms against the United State*.
to calling one. E. G. Cabanxss, „
Ohm n Ex Com. Dem. Party of Ga. : Ha art nr NATHANIEL RoTBSCBILB, * dietin'
— gnished member of the fen^v family of
mv r vv° m v U “*^ r 5* wealthy bnnkerx died m Pari* on February
The Lynchburg News, of Monday says: I jf t h.He was the third sou of Baron Ns-
About a dozen negro members (so-called) of ♦!,««. Rothschild, and was bon iu >812, tut)
the Georgia Legislature passed through this ; n ]g42 married his cousin, Charlotte, das^h-
rrfty Saturday morning, en ronte to Washington, ter Q f Baron James Rothschild. Qaroa
to assist Bullock and hi* clique rf dirty Radicals j ame ^ who died not langago, wasfkmona for
to defeating the Georgia bOt now pending be- his imiaeMC wealth: but Baron NatharfeS, it
fore the Senate Borne of the P«*y were h-rd . gtatad was a own of greater mark aaitofor
’sffisst&'SPaZZSh I-? , BM> rrr n YT
mantins nuts." If they should happen to camp recently bertem} trfrfiv pstolymd., Akfowgh
suywW. in our neighborhood weThorfd keep M«P*bfe h» intoUtat «*
a sharp eye no onr old rooetor, tough as he su WrtUmdod and bts brain Mm,. M that
his advice eoatmusd to bo received with high.
Proceeding* ef the dowth CrtrpMui regard and confidence by the Area.
Legislstare,
First colored Senator—You're a Ear.
Second colored Senator—You’re a thief.
Third cpiored Senator—Hold yoor toagne, or
yon wifi be in the penitentiary in lean than
ninety days.
Th* Nashville Union, of Saturday, apt
“We learn that on tho return tt eao empty
car by the Georgia roods, each krtdnd otto
_ sent over by the Nashrife and Ohsttimnogs
Fourth colored Senator—If yon don’t dry np roa j | the letter would he *U» to MtaSHU Art
we’ll knock hell out of yon _ . ... freight Modtod—MUto, iBtjifrflfc
Mr. LeaBo-Mr. President, I do not mind
these tatarraptioM.
,81 be done.”
