About Georgia weekly telegraph and Georgia journal & messenger. (Macon, Ga.) 1869-1880 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 14, 1871)
4* — . IUPS! IL "«WI • -- Gcor^jisj Wookly TGlogr^ph 8jiid. Journal && J\ | lL^ssqi3.^ox*» Telegraph and Messenger MACON, FEBRUARY 14,1871. The Peace Commission. According to tho dispatches the English Coni' missioners are to bo Earl do Grey, Professor Montagno' Bernard, Sir Edward Thornton, Sir John McDonald, of Canada, and Sir John Rosa Tiio English Secretary of tho Board is to be Lord Tenterden, one of tho most distinguished of the British jurists. On tho part of tho United States, the Presi dent has named, as commissioners, Secretary Fish, Minister Schenck, Judge Nelson, of tho Supremo Bench, Ex-Attomey-Gcneral Hoar, and Senator Williams, of Oregon, and the Sen ate was considering those nominations yester day. On tho whole, wo should say that tho American Board was about as pacific in its com- -position as could be expected. Wo feel much encouraged to hope that tho Board will mako an end of all questions at issue between the two governments and, meantime, while theso questions are under discussion bo- foro the Commission, tho disposition to com' plicate and compromise therewith party manoeu vres for the next Presidency will bo checked. Onco made tho subject of partizan pronnneia* mentocs, these*questions would have boon prac tically taken out of the field of diplomacy, and no alternative left to a war, bnt a simple con cession by the Government of England to what ever extreme demands tho victorious- faction in the United States might have put forth to catch tho popular fancy. Tho Government of Great Britain has come forward with the proposition in tho very nick of time, to save tho two coun tries from drifting into war. May all good for tune attend tho deliberations of tho commis sioners, and the result of their labors bo Xho es tablishment of a perfect good understanding between tho two great peoples representing Anglo-Saxon civilization upon the globe. Another Radical Outrage. The seating of Whitely, the defeated Radical candidate for Congress from the second dis trict, by tho House of Representatives, on Thursday, wa3 not unexpected after Farrow's “ opinion” on the cose gave Bullock hi3 cue. We supposo the latter, on receiving tho “opin ion" of his brilliant Attorney General, immedi ately fowarded the certificate to Whitely, and the result is seen in Thursday’s work. This is an inexcusable outrage for which Bul lock doserves a double dose of denunciation. It has nothing in tho world or the facts of tho case to even palliate its iniquity. Colonel Tift was legally elected by over 500 majority, and so, it is understood, Whitely has more than once ad mitted. He gave out, as wo are informed, that he did not intend to contest the seat, and would content himself with prossing his claims for re cognition by the Senate. We repeat it—Bul lock's giving him tho certificate is an ontrago upon law, right and justice, and a wanton insult to tho voters of tho second district. As snch it deserves and will receive their unstinted repro bation. If Whitely had any self-respect or re gard for decency, ho would decline a seat in Congress bought at snch a price. But when did one of his sort balk at anything that promised pelf or power ? In tho vocabulary of scallawag- erry particularly, and Radicalism generally, there's no such word as decline. From Grant, up or down, os the case may be, that crowd have itching palms and yawning pockets for anything and everything that represents money. Gexebal Geoeoe Washington* C ustis Lee was inaugurated President of the Washington and Lee University, last Monday, with solemn and imposing ceremonials—tho religious services being conducted by Rev. Dr. Pendleton, Chap lain of the University, and tho oath adminis- tered by Jndgo Brockenbrough, who delivered an eloquent address, in which he spoke of the uad loss of the University in tho death of its late illustrious President. Gen. Co3tis Lee then responded, in clear tones and with graceful de livery, as follows: “I cannot but bo grateful, sir, for the kind sentiments yon have been pleased to express in my behalf, however little I may desorve them, and am sincerely anxious to meet your expecta- tations to tho fullest extent. Solemnly realizing the dntie3 and responsibilities I am about to take, ask of tho honorable body which you rep resent, and of tho Faculty and students of this institution, their promised assistance and co-op. oration: and earnestly praying for divine guid ance, I accept the trust committed to my charge, and am now ready to take the required oath of office.” The oath of office was then administered by Judge Brackonbrough, and the audience'dis missed with the benediction. Gen. Leo was cordially welcomed by each member of the faculty; for, although the young est among them, being only thirty-six years old, ho has their nndivided confidence and support. The many admirers of Yon Mollke in Amer ica will doubtless be gratified by reading the following account of his appreciation of our late war. The story is given in a Versailles letter: “General Von Moltke was appealed to by some gentleman in society tho other ovening to settle some disputed point in connection with the history of the American civil war. ‘I know nothing about tho American civil war,' was the qniet reply, at which more than one in the room expressed surprise. ‘No,’ said the great strategist, ‘I have purposely kept myself in ig norance upon the subject, because there was nothing to bo learned from it War is a science, and any record of the mere scrambling of two armed mobs can only produce confusion in the mind.’ ” Thebe is a man in Camden, N. J., who is provoked. He is absent-minded. A few nights ago he went out to drive his cow. Arriving at the pastnre ground, he found that the cow was gone, bnt the bell which had been around her neck, was lying on the ground. He placed it in his pocket and forgot all about it. Every now and then it would give a smothered jingle, and he would think it was his cow, and would start off in a different direction. He followed the bell as he thought until twelve o’clock that night, and walked 20 miles. When ho reaohod home the cow had been there five or six hours, and his wife had gone over to Philadelphia to ad vertise for him in the “Lost and Found” col umn of the Ledger. Perhaps he wasn’t mad when he found that bell in his pocket. Is the fire which destroyed COO singing birds in New York, the other evening, a gifted parrot was heard ejaculating “Polly wants a drink.’ "When the wires grew too hot and scorched bis feet, he attempted to seek relief by clinging with his bill to the roof. Bnt this, too, was untenable and burned bi3 tongue, so he let go and-dropped to the bottom of bi3 cage, hoarsely uttering, “Yon know how it is yourself!” And so, like a feathered Gassabianca, he perished. —Boston Post. The Golden Age.—Theodore Tilton sends ns a circular announcing that he is about to pub lish, every Wednesday, in New York, a weekly journal to bo called “The Golden Age,” and ‘ ‘devoted to the Free Discussion of all Living Questions in Church, State, Society, Literature, Art, and. Moral Reform.” Very good—bnt Theodore should call it “The Age of Brass.” Within tho last month five hundred colored persons have applied to the American Coloniza tion Society for aid to go to Liberia. More ne groes are now practically attracted to the colony than ever before. _jf Illiteracy in the United States. From some cotes in the Commercial Adver tiser npon the report of the Commissioner of Education, we take the following: The assumption that all tho ignorance is mo nopolized by the foreign bora of our popula tion, which obtains, among many, Mr. Eaton proves not to be the cose. He shows that thero are 1,700,000 illiterate white youths and adults in the country, and another half million of chil dren under ten growing np in ignorance. Of these most are native boro. In 1869, according to the census, there were 346,893 illiterate adnltq of foreign birth, and 871,418 native bom. Tho former are chiefly found in the States contain ing onr great commercial cities. The Gormans, as a role can read and write their own language, and so cf the Chinese in California, without a single exception. As to the impression that tho illiterates wero mostly composed of tho “poor whites” of the South, where there were no common schools, the- census shows* that in 1860 thero wero in South Carolina 15,000 adult native whites who could not read; in Georgia, 43,000; Alabama, 37,000; Mississippi, 15,000; in North Carolina 68,000; Virginia, 72,000; Tennessee, 67,000; Kentucky, 63,000; Missouri, 50,000. This ex hibit is singular in showing that those States farther South, and supposed to be more under the blighting effects of slavery, make a better show than those in immediate neighborhood to the free States. And still further North, where the banefol influences of the “peculiar institu tion” conld not bo directly felt, and where edu cational institutions, public and private, have always beon in operation, there are many thou sands steeped in ignorance. Thus, in 1860, there were in Pennsylvania, 36,000; New York 20,000; Ohio, 41,000; Indiana, 54,000; Illinois 38,000; Iowa, 13,000; California, 11,000. Now that slavery is exploded, let the hu manitarians and philosophers come down to common sense, and abate their theories about its recondite demoralization. Popular educa tion depends, of course, almost wholly upon the existence of the means and appliances to effect it. There must be schools and school, houses, and learned and competent instructors —and when these are attained the children most be within convenient distance, so as to avail themselves daily of the means of instruction. Need any one go further than these obvious conditions to discover why, in all sparcely set tled, rural districts, children grow ap withont education? The people are too few and gen erally too poor to establish schools, and the chilton, within any reasonable area, too few to constitute a school. Now, as of all our agricultural regions, those of the Southern States are most thinly peoplod, it was inevitable that those States should con tain the largest ratio of unlettered whites. There is no need of charging that fact to the evil influ ence of slavery, which, in respect to the white population, certainly tended to a precisely op posite result. Withont slavery fewer whites would have been educated, and probably fewer will be, since its extinction, until population concentrates so as by a joint contributions of money and numbers more schools and churches can be maintained. Where families live half a mile apart, the difficulties in the way of an efficient religious and literary education of tho peoplo are almost insuperable, and the very fact that it is next to impossible to maintain good schools and an enlightened religious ministry, inevitably begets indifference to them. This source of popular “illiteracy” it is ex tremely difficult to reach and cure. Bat the “illiteracy” of such a rural population is not like the illiteracy fonud in populous regions— founded in hostility to instruction and improve ment—in a perverse hatred of knowledge and virtue. It is far different. Among these moral illiterates you find many thoughtful, reflecting, conscientious, and virtuous and even intelligent people, considering to what extent tho avenues of knowledge have been closed to them; and thus wo have seen in our day, an orderly, moral and virtuous society, where few or none could read or write. Jlorc Trouble for Bowen, the Big amist. The Charleston Courier, of Thursday, says Eli G. Grimes, formerly of Leo county in this State, was arrested in McDuffio county, Geor gia, and brought to that city on Wednesday, charged with the murder of Colonel William Parker White, on Waccama Island, George town, S C., in March, 1864. Grimes was a member of a company commanded by one G. C. Bowen, then a zealous Confed erate, but now a leading and fragrant light among the Radicals and negroes tlf South Caro lina, and a member of Congress from the Charleston District. Ho swears that Bowen en listed him in Lee county when he was only seven teen years old, and that Bowen forced him to murder Colonel Whito, telling him’if ho refused to do tho deed he should never get back homo alive. Bowen told him that, as his commanding officer, it was his right to exact this or any other service of him, and that, in any event, he (B.) would shield him from all responsibility, for the crime. William P. Laramore, of Lee county, also makes affidavit to the effect that Grimes, while working on his (L’s) father’s plantation in that county in 1867, told him that he (G) did kill White, and that it was done at Bowen’s instiga- ton. Laramore know Bowenwell when helived in Lee county, and is free to say that he i3 one of the most odoriferous rascals of his acquain tances—that hewas a gambler of the lowest grade and guilty of the basest forgery in that county in 1863. Considering that Bowen is as good ns convict ed of bigamy already, the fact that be has also added murder and forgery to his other accom plishments, would seem to fnlly explain why he is in Congress os a member of the party of great moral ideas. The only wonder is that he ha3 climed no higher. It is too much to hope that he will be convicted of murder, bnt if. ho could be, and then strong up ac cording to law,. it would present a specta cle at once exhilarating and impressive.— Bat such a policy of giving a villain his jdst deserts wonld tell too fearfully upon the ranks of the Southern trooly loil, and we, therefore, have little hope of seeing it adopted. It wonld reduce the numbers of that godly band to point even below what was necessary to hold all the offices,.and do all tho stealing. Therefore, we don't think Bowen’s neck is in any. great danger. On tho contrary, we shall bo greatly disappointed if Grant don’t make him Minister or Consul somewhere, with a fat salary. In fact, we feel almost suro of it—provided, of course, all tho brothers-in-law, and nephows, and cousins, and grandmothors, and step-broth- ors, and share-holders in the Grand Gift Enter prise have beon taken care of. Look ont for Bowen’s speedy promotion “about this time,” as the almanacs say. The Ice Chop (says the Now York 'Herald of the 8tb,) looks prosperous for the coming sum mer season. So great has been the abundance on the Hudson river alone that the ice-honses aro all glutted with tho article. Although we are in the coldest portion of the winter, and ice i3 still superabundant, tho gathering of tho crop will cease altogether on tho Hudson to-night, the reason why being that thero is no room for more. In Maine and all tho Eastern States iho ice crop this year is something immense. Mobile Rxoisteb.— Colonel W. D. Mann, proprietor of the Mobile Register, says his time is so much occupied with other interests that ho is anxious to sell tho whole or part of the Regis ter to a practical newspaper man who will taka chargo of it. It has ample material appoint ments and a new dress to bo put on 1st of March —and a largo modern job office with five first- class presses using stoam power. . ; A Very Larse Cotton Crop. The New York Bulletin says tho cotton crop of 1871, will be a very largo one. Tho Southern nowspapers are all so diligently urging a small crop that, upon the faith of a small aggre gate yield, each planter will do his utmost to get the benefit of a large individual crop, and thus the general product will be swollen, jpstead .of diminished. Doubtless some back-handed influence will bo exerted in that way by every attempt to di vert agricultural industry from cotton to food planting; bnt the men who carry on fanning in tho South in thatspecnlative temper are getting fewer every year and will be eventually weeded out of tho business by utter frustration and fail ure. Planting is compelled every year to be reduced more and more closely to a system by which all the inanimate productive force shall bo created within itself instead of being acquired externally by a vast waste of money and ex pense. . Look at the peculiar strength and beauty of Southern agriculture. All other agriculture wo know about is necessarily self-exhausting. Tho man whoso business it is to grow food crops for market, necessarily parts from year to year with largeproportions of tho productive force of his land, and it must be replenished by external supplies, although it is not often fully done. Thus in all the older grain-growing States, suoh as Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio—tho av erage product of wheat and corn to tho acre is shown by statistics, to have greatly fallen off from the original product. These crops are ex hausting, and are yearly sold off of the farm. Nothing bnt stock-raising and the consumption of a heavy proportion of the food-crop on tho place, can save it from final impoverishment to a point below remuneration. But this involves mnch good management and self denial, and henco tho average loss of productive power. Bnt we imagine a Georgia cotton producer might produce hi3 cotton crop on tho same field year after yenr for half a century, with an increased product, if he carefully returned to that field every year tho. seed and offal of its crop. Be that as it may, however, the tax upon the land for the mere cotton lint would be very light and easily paid by appropriate fertilizers. The market crop of the Southern farmer does not exhaust land, properly treated, to any ma terial extent, while that of the Northern farmer is a constant, heavy and destructive drain. Now, if the Southern farmer will go a step further and produce on his land ample supplies of animal and vegetable food to be consumed there, he is rapidly increasing his prodnetive capacity—the wealth of his soil—every year; and he is increasing, too, in the same ratio, 7ns market crop. The conditions of the Southern and Northern farmer are, therefore, almost ex actly reversed; and it is only indolence, bad management and inattention to tho true econ omy of tho farm, and of personal economy in the planter, which will prevent a solid prosper ity to Southern farming which that'of no other section of the country will be able to attain. Tlie News. Up to 1 o’clock yesterday evening nothing had been heard of the Tennegpeo, with the Do mingo commission aboard. Great uneasiness was reported, but the weather- accounts by homeward bound ships were favorable. Tho Tennessee" sailed about four weeks ago, and ac counts of her arrival were looked for by the Cuban Telegraph. But as the news had first to go to Havana by ship, it is possible the failure to receive a dispatch may be due to the absence of communication with Cuba. Tho French elections have gone generally conservative and anti-red. The monarchical party will be strong in the National Assembly. The Germans say they will not extend the armis tice unless a peace party is in the ascendant in the National Assembly. All the communications to Paris were open. Bnt to add to the embarrasments of the starring citizens, immense herds of cattle shipped to feed them, have fallen victims te a plague so fatal that no adequate provision can be made for bringing tho carcasses. They ore taken to sea from tho harbor of Briest and sunk. A great storm was raging on the Eastern coast of England yesterday morning, attended with serious loss of life and many wrecks. The weather in Macon yesterday was very rainy, dark, rain and cheerless, with an Easterly wind. For the past two week the proportion of simi lar weather has boon very great. Tlie Agricultural Union of Alabama. Tho Alabama Planters’ Convention which met in Montgomery last week organized its members into “The Agricultural Union of Ala bama,” for the purpose of securing co-operation among themselves in all that relates to tho prosperity of-the planting interest—in the regu lation of labor contracts—in securing snch leg islation as may be necessary to the maintenance of good order—tho prevention of trespasses and depredations upon crop3—of night trading and vending of spirituous liquors—in provent. ing interference with labor engagements and maintaining tho principles of justice and fair dealing among all parties. The general views of the Convention upon tm agricultural policy are set forth in the following resolutions reported by the Business Committee and adopted: Resolved, That it is the decided opinion of this Convention that the vital interests of agri culture, as well as the welfare of the country, demand the production of a greater variety of crops, and tho farmers throughout the State are earnestly and urgently, requested to diversify their production. 2d. That the supply of labor throughout the State is not sufficient to meet the demands and requirements necessary to to a proper develop ment of onr natural resources in the depart ments of agriculture, manufactures and the opening np and utilizing the various mineral sections of the State to an extent commensur ate with the demands and progress which -ani mate the spirit of the age; and whereas, the sup ply of labor seems to be ou the .decrease in many sections of the State, your committee deems the subjeotof immigration of great im portance, and earnestly recommend the same in all its hearings to the consideration of the Convention. * Washington Receptions.—The following is from a Washington letter: “Few married ladies receive without some young and pretty assist ant. After each entree of gnests chocolate or coffee, wine, wafers, which are very thin, home made water-orackers, and cake are handed. At the day reception of the Cabinet ladies this year thero has been no wine, hut the above eatables and drinkables are alone used. At Mrs. Fish’s, reception, to avoid the risk of spilling the choc olate on ladies’ dresseB because the parlors are so crowded, ladies and gentlemen are invited to walk into the dining- room back of the parlor, where chooolate is poured from a silver pitcher into fine China caps, and wafers and cakes ore handed. Wine is used at some houses and bouillon or beef tee at others. Many consider the latter the most stylish drink. Salads or ices ore rarely offered during the day. Bouillon is also customary at evoning entertainments, and ought to be commended as a sensible drink.” ' Rabbits.—A farmer near London, Canada West, has two thousand rabbits in a warren five acres in extent. The cost of and attention to bo paid to these »T»mals involve an expense of twenty-five cents for each rabbit, nod the net profits on the wholo warren amount to §5,000 a year. Tlie annual average increase is twenty- five rabbits for each pair. The males, when a year old, aro killed and sent in barrels to mar ket at Montreal. .*; . > — New Yobs.—The full revised census of New York City makes tho population 944,104. The site of the Spotswood Hotel, in Rich mond, Va., has beon sold for §30,000, and it is said a new hotel will be ereoted upon it by a joint stock company. THE GEORGIA PRESS. Americas is revelling in eggs at 25 cents a dozen. The Republican says: We have heard of a certain professional youngster, in this city, who in a legal transaction with an old gentleman of 85, duped him ont of ten dollars. How is that for mean ? Wo call that pretty “high” for mean. Tho Columbus merchants are preparing a list of delinquent debtors, which they will publish for the information of all concerned there, and elsewhere, on the 1st of March. The people of Brooks county have voted no on the proposition to subscribe to a cotton fac tory. The Federal Union queries as follows: What’s the Mattes ?—As the mail leaves Co lumbus at a quarter to 6 o’olock of evening and lays over only about eight hours in Macon, we ought to got the Columbus papers the next morning by half-past nine o’clock. They do not usually come, however, until about the third day after being printed. There is something wrong somewhere. We hope the P. M. at Ma con or Columbus will look to this matter. Mule thieves are making themselves disgust ingly familiar with the stock of the planters in Richmond county. Atlanta is making heavy purchases of tobacco from the Columbus dealers in that article. The City Council of Augusta have passed a resolution, authorizing the Mayor to appoint a City Auditor, at §1,200 salary, per annum. The old Board of Directors for tho Atlantio and Gulf Railroad, wero re-elected Wednesday. An opposition ticket, said to represent the busy B’s up at Atlanta wa3 run, but was badly beaten. One Jim Wilson has been bound over in At lanta for picking tho pocket of Mr. John B, Nishet, on Wednesday. There is an aged female living at Conyers who can count, as her share; two hundred and eighty-tour children, grand children, and.great grand children. “Fatty” Harris has resigned his position on the State road, and is succeeded by Mr. E. B. Walker, the old Master of Transportation under Major Campbell Wallace. Trains are now running through tho new pas senger depot at Atlanta. “Bud” Kernoodle, a youth aged about 18, was shot and instantly killed, Thursday, at Atlanta, by the accidental discharge of a gun in tho hands of Tom Harwell. Hon. John Soreven has been re-elected Pres ident of tho Atlantio and Gulf Railroad. By a vote of 301 to 140 tho citizens of Rome have resolved to have water-works in that village. Jas. F. Shanklin has bought an interest in tlio-Romo Commercial. A pearl valued at §100 was found in an oyster at Savannah, on Thursday. Professional thieves from the North have been arrested at Savannah, suspected of designs on a leading hotel and bank in that city. Mr. George Groves, of Rome, had his arm broken Thursday, by a faucet flying out of a barrel of beer. A negro named William Henry Jefferson, liv ing at Augusta, imbibed a heavy dose of ben zine last Wednesday, and died in a half hour. It was of the famous “rifle” brand. Mr. John S. Jackson, one of the oldest and most respected citizens of Greene county, died last Wednesday. Hon. Thos. Stocks', of Greene county, one of tho oldest men in the State and universally esteemed, everywhere, is seriously ill. Thieves and burglars are playing it on the citizens of Greene county in “a way they do spise.” Some of the planters in Greene county are unable to get hands, but mules are dog cheap, as the Herald says first-rate ones sell for from §1.50 to §1.75. The Hawkinsrille Dispatch says that Mr. John Harrell, of Pulaski county, made a divi sion of a small piece of land last year, and planted one-half in cotton, and the other half in sugar cane. The land was manured equally, and good crops wore realized; Tho cotton af ter being sold, only brought one-fourth the value of the syrup made from tho cane, which was cultivated with far less trouble and expense. Egg3 are selling at fifteen cents a dozen in Atlanta, and butter at twenty cents a pound. Joe Brown has given the Noble Brothers, of Romo, the contract for all the car wheels and general work in that fine for the State Road. THE ALABAMA PLANTERS CONVENTION A I.nrtrc ami DlsUnsraisIicil Delegation ap pointed to tiio Georgia S late Agricult nral Convention, which meets in Macon on tho 2£<1 Instant. In the Alabama Planters’ Convention which met in Montgomery last week, Mr. Walker, from the Committee to select Delegates from the State of Alabama to the Macon Agricultural Convention, submitted the following report:— Mr. President: Your committee to solect delegates to attend the Georgia Agricultural Convention which con venes at Macon, Georgia, on tho 22d inst., sub mit the names of tho following gentlemen as such delegates: Prom the First District—O. O. Langdon of Mobilo, W. M. Byrd, jr., D. O. Smyly and John Burns of Dallas. From tho Second District—H. D. Clayton of Barbour, W. J. Bibb of Montgomery, A. Tyson of Lowndes, J. C. Lee of Montgomery. From tho Third District—H. O. Armstrong of Tallapoosa, A. G. Simpson of Macon. From tho Fourth District—Porter King of Perry, N. N. Clements of Taskaloosa, O. K. Huckabee of Perry, Allen Jones of Hale. From the Fifth District—Thomas A. Walker and James Crook of Calhoun, T. J. Cox and H. \V. Pickens of Etowah. From tho Sixth District—J. A. Lile of Mor gan, Bird Day of Walker, Barren Howell of Madison, W. W. Weatherford of Franklin. From the State at Large—E. H. Moren of Bibb, S. G. Reid, Hah T. Walker of Montgom ery, F. W. Siddons of Dallas, P. T. Graves of Lowndes. From the Alabama Agricultural and Mechani cal Association—J. Dubose of Bibb, E. R. Mitchell, J. R. Powell, Jno. O. Carter, of Mont gomery. From the Central Agricultural and Meohani- cal Association—B. M. Woolsey, R. M. Nelson, E. T. Sturdivant, N. H. R. Dawson of Dallas. From the Alabama State Agricultural Society —B. S. Bibb, Bolling Hall, W. M. Byrd, W. H. Ogboume of Montgomery. We oaK attention to the many eminent names comprised in this long list of delegates, and to the vastly increased interest and*importance which will be imparted to the sessions of the Macon Convention by the participation of so many able representatives of Alabama agricul ture in its deliberations. .The Convention will, in faot, represent no inconsiderable portion of the cotton planting area of tho South, and We may reasonably hope that its counsels and sug gestions will have a marked influence npon the entire cotton planting interest Let all the counties in Georgia fill up their delegations at ice. Macon, wo aro sure, will display her usual liberal hospitality to the numerous Btrangers who may be expeoted on that occasion. The West Point committee call for the re moval of all tho offioersand the dismissal of tho entire first class. Why not dispose of the few remaining whito inmates at the same time, and convert tho institution into a private residence for Smith, whore he can be entirely free from annoyance and turn his toes in any direction without battalions marching over them? Orr. young friends, Ward & Nelson, favored us with another good specimen shad of the kind they keop r on yesterday, for which thoy have our thanks. -■•*■>•'<- : *i .■ *, The advertising receipts of the London.Timos have sometimes reached £125,000 in a single month. Decisions of ilie Supreme Court of Georgia. DELIVEBED AT ATLANTA, TUESDAY, FEB. 7, 1871. From the Constitution. ] A. O. Felton, plaintiff in error, vs. Howard Hill and wife. Same vs, same. Equity, from Macon. Loohbane, O. J.—"Where F., by the first item of his will, bequeathed a life estate in certain land3 to his son, and subsequently by a codicil thereto, withdrew said property from the pro visions of his will, and divided it equally and absolutely among his children, and tho property given to his son by tho codicil is given abso lutely without any referential or substitutional words carrying it. back under the provisions of the first item of the will. But the device of the codioil is complete and separate, and the terms used plain and unambiguous: Had, That the son took an absolute estate in said property under the codicil, and that tho law inhibits the construction of lesser estates, where no words of limitation aro used by the testator; and where no such intent appears by clear and necessary words in the instrument: Held, That in the construction of wills the mode of ascertaining tho testator’s intent is not by arbitrary conjectures, or opinions as to what he meant, bnt to be drawn from the whole in strument, under rules of law. Where the testator, by the third item of his will, gave all his property not otherwise disposed of to his children to be equally divided between them, and in the concluding paragraph imposes the same restrictions and regulations contained in tho first item, and the first item bequeathes a life estate, and also contains restrictions and regulations for the protection of each life estate: Held, That neither by the language used, nor by a legal interpretation of the testator’s intent mil the property thus given absolutely be re duced to a life estate. The testator has not so declared, and the restriction and regulation im posed cannot be held to diminish the fee. The protection of law invoked for tho preservation of the estate given is consistent with such estate, and courts will not supply words to support a construction of intention to give a lesser estate, where the word employed in making such be quest are without limitation. Held, also, That upon the death of the two minors, who. took, under tho above item of "the will, their brother of tho half blood, took, as heir-at-law, the share' he was entitled to in their several estates, and his daughter now takes, as the heir-at-law of her father, what ever he would have been entitled to in the prem ises. Held, That as the property withdrawn from the first item of the will, and disposed of under tho second item of the codicil, tho children .of ShadrackR. Felton, all took an absolute estate, and the imposition of a trustee, under the third item of the codicil, did not diroinisli such es tate. But was within the intention of the tes tator, the better to secure it for their enjoy ment, and that one of said children being of ago did not defeat the purpose of said trust; and in such estate, if not disposed of during the lifetime of John Mieojah, his daughter was en titled to his share therein, as his heir-at-law at his death: Held, That in the view of construction, we give this will, the submission to arbitration in this case was not such a submission of the in terests of the daughter, she being an infant, and without guardian or trustee as estops her assertion of her rights as heir-at-law, the stat ute of limitation not, in fact, havijjg applica tion to her claim and rights in the premises. Judgment reversed; that the Court erred in rendering the decree he did in this case. Waenee, J., concurring.—Tho testator do vised a life estate, only, to his son, John Mica- jah, to the Rushin land by the first clause of his will, with the remainder to his grandchildren, and directed that, “Should the said John Mica- jah attempt to sell the same, or become so in volved that tho same would likely be sold for his debts, that the proper court having jurisdic tion, shall appoint a procliein ami, or next friend, to protect the rights of the remainder men in the premises, in suoh way as shall be just and equitable.” After providing for his wife, and the payment of his debts, he devised and bequeathed the balance of his property, consisting of lands, slaves, plantation stock, choses in action, and all other things whatso- ever, to his three other children, "William Noah, Augustas O., and Jane-Elizabeth Felton, to be equally divided between them, share and share alike, and declared that, “To guard against im prudence or misfortune on tho part of all my children, I hereby impose on each of them, and the property herein bequeathed to them re spectively, the same restrictions and regulations hereinbefore applied to my son John Micajah, and the interests ho may take under this will.” By the 6th clause of the testator’s original will, he directs that “ the proceeds of the land now laid out for the "town of Montezuma shall be equally divided among all my children, and they arc to have a vested and equal interest in said land or town site.” No life estate or estate in remainder was created by the original will in tho Montezuma property. On tho 15th day of April, 1852, tho testator made a codicil to his will, by which he expressly revokod so much of the first clause of his original will as gave to his son John Micajah a life estate in the Rushin tract of land, and devised to his said son, all his claim, title, and interest to and in the town of Montezuma, and the parcel of land conneoted therewith, consisting of twenty acres, which I jointly hold with John T. Brown, and my said son John Micajah is to have no portion of any lands except the Montezuma property to the extent as aforesaid; and directedby said codicil, that “all my lands then withdrawn from the first clause Of my said will, are to be sold by my executors and the proceeds thereof to bo equally divided among all of my children, share and share alike, including John Micajah.” The testator by his codicil appointed O. H. Young a trustee for all his children, sons and daughters, and vested in him the legal estate to all tho property specified in his said will, for their own separate use and benefit, and authorized and required said trustee to keep the property of each of his children from waste, and to preserve tho same in his hands, or in such form a3 he may deem best for their interest and happiness, allowing to my said children the free use and profits of said property, but not the right to sell or dispose of the same without the consent, in writing, of my said trustee or his successors. Tho testator in the preamble to his codicil, after referring to his original will, declares that it is his desiro to ohange some of the provisions of said will. Held, That it was tho intention of tho testa tor in making the codicil to his will, and snch is the legal effect thereof, to expressly revoke so much of the first clause of his original will as devised to his son John Micajah, a life estate in the Rushin tract of land with remainder to his grand children, and that he devised an absolute estato to the Montezuma property to his son John Micajah, and not a life estate only, with remainder over to his grand children; that the “change” which the testator intended to make in his original will by the codicil thereto, was to devise an absolute estate in the Montezuma property to his son, John Mioajah, instead of a life estate in the Rushin traot of land, and to vest the legal title thereof, as well as the legal title of all the property devised and bequeathed to his other children, inG. H. Young, as trustee, and his successors in trust, for their own sepa rate use and benefit, with the limitation and restriction of the right and power of the devisees to sell said property withont the written con sent of said trustee or his successors: Held further, That a purchaser of the Mont ezuma property, from John Micajah, the de visee, under the will of the testator, with the written consent of the trustee named therein, or his successors, would have acquired an abso lute fee simple estate to the property so pur chased, and not a life estate only: Held also, That the devises and bequests of the testator to his other three children, William Noah, Augustus O. and Jane E. Felton; conveyed to them an absolute fee simple estate in the testator’s property, thelegal title of whioh vested in the trustee above named in the same manner and with the same limitations and restrictions applicable to the^ devise of the Montezuma property, to John Micajah, as before stated, that upon the death of either of tho said devi sees or legatees, the survivor or survivors took the share, or shares, of the deceased, as heirs at law, and not as remainder men under the will of tho testator; that the words “to protect the rights of the remainder men,” as stated by the testator in the first clause of the will, cannot have the effect to oreato an estate in remainder as claimed for them in the construction of the will^in relation to the Montezuma land, nor to tho devise and bequest made to the testator’s three youngest ohilton, for the simple reason that the testator did not oreate any .estate in re mainder in the property thus disposed of by him, to be protected; but on the contrary, having ex pressly revoked by bis codicil the devise of the Rushin land, which was the only causo that did create an estate in remainder in any of his land, he then provided a new and different mode for. the protection of the property, by vesting the legal title thereof in a trustee for that purpose, with specified restrictions as to the disposal of the same—that after the revocation of the de- anatnia- t Journal. Dark, drooping eyes in dreamy ohm, Dear, fluttering heart so kind an?/ Fair page whereon is writ the store Forever ola, yet new! All in a mesh of dreams entaneka. Oh, breathe thy words of rant°fl»I-. Sweet lips—twin petals of the With diamond dews of night j^ 80 No longer o’er thy distaff Ieanine _ To one lone, longing heart thatn-Ait. And langaorous airs soft 6cenk »,.2i 00In ; • From musky buds and bloom. Me Still drooped thine eyes, nor ever^-— _ Up from that page, eo fair. (^ gentle word of all completeness' Of tender graco and loveliness' Fair messenger, with all thv fleet',,™ Bear thou her answer—“Yes clause of the testator’s will, there was no estate “Waiting for an^AnT ~~ in remainder in any land to be protected, as [From Appleton's Journal. answe r. ! none was created or devised by any other clause of the testator’s original will, or codicil; that it was the intention of tho testator, and" a para mount object with him in tho execution of his original will, to protect the property in the hands of his children against imprudence or misfortune on their part, and especially on the part of John Micajah, to whom he had given a life estate in the Rushin tract of land with re mainder to his children; for he expressly de. dares that, “should the said John Micajah at tempt to sell said property, or become so in volved that the same would.tikely be seized for his debts, I direct that tho proper court having jurisdiction shall appoint a proetden ami, or next friend, to protect the rights of tho remain der men in tho premises, in such way as shall be just and equitable,” and that wa3 the restric tions and regulations which the testator imposed on his other children in tho third clause of his will, not for tho purpose of protecting remain dcr men when no estate in remainder had been created by the third clause of his will, as had been done in the first clause, but for their own protection against imprndenco and misfortune. After making his original will, tho testator was not satisfied that he had sufficiently provided therein for their protection against, impru dence. or misfortune, and desired to change some of the provisions of his will by the m codicil, he did change, and expressly revoke We find in the Buffalo Express of that clause of his will which gave to his son fast., the following paternal ^7. John Micajah a life estato in the Rushin land, g paternal oh™— with the remainder to his children, and the only clause in the will which conveyed a life estato fa the land to any of his children, or an estate fa remainder to any of his grand children, and provided another and different mode for the protection of the property, against the impru dence or misfortune of all his children, by the appointment of a trustee, and vesting in him the legal estate of all the property which he de vised and bequeathed to them absolutely, re straining their right to sell, or dispose of the same, without the written consent of such trus tee or his successors. Construing the original will and codicil together, it was not the inten tion of the testator to devise a life estate in his land to any of his children with remainder to his grand children, and such is not the legal effect thereof, in my judgment. I am therefore of the opinion that the judgment of the Court below, in making the decree set forth in the record, should be reversed. McCay, J., dissented, but wrote no bead note. Poe, Hall & Poe, J. S. Snead, Nisbets& Jack- son, W. A. Hawkins, for plaintiff in error. Wm. H. Robinson, Phil Cook, Lyon, De.Graf- fenreid & Irwin, Thomas Lloyd, for defendants. Wednesday, February 1,1871. Argument in No. 13, Pataula Circuit—Len- ard, trustee, was resumed and concluded. Col. Herbert Fielder for plaintiff in error, Col. B. H. Worrill, for defendant in error. Nos. 14,15 and 16 having been previously disposed of, No. 17—Hill vs. Bell—was next called, and argued for plaintiff in error by CoL M. A. Candler representing Coi. C. B. Wooten, and for defendant in error by Judge R. H. Clark. No. 18—Harrell vs. Grimes—was dismissed because the bill of exceptions was not served within ten days after the same was signed by the Judge. No. 19—Hawes et al. vs. Paul, administrator —was argued for plaintiffs in error by Col. B. H. Worrill, and for defendant in error by E. H. Beall, Esq. No. 20—Clark, assignee, vs. Feagan, sheriff —was argued for plaintiff in error by Judge John T. Clark, and for defendant in error by E. H. BealL No. 21—Castelio vs. Castellow—was argued for plaintiff in error by R. J. Moses, Jr. No appearance for defendant in error. Ponding motion -to dismiss No. 22—Keaton vs. Mulligan—the Court adjourned till 10 o’clock a. si. to-morrow.—Era, 9 th. The Best of the Season.—Gbashiatical De cisions.—The New York Tribune decides that the plural of “Titmouse” is “Titmouses,” not “Titmice.” “On the same principle,” says another paper, “plural of a tailors ‘goose’ is ‘ gooses,’ ” as indeed we hold that it is. This reminds us of an anecdote in regard to a country merchant who wanted two of these tailor’s irons several years ago, and ordered them from Messrs. Dunn & Spencer, hardware merchants then doing business in this city. He first wrote this order: “Please send me 2 tailor’s gooses." Thinking that this was bad grammar, he destroyed it and wrote this one: “ Please send mo 2 tailor’s geese.” Upon reflection, he destroyed "this one also, for fear he might re ceive lire geese. He thought over tho matter until ho was much worried, and at last, in a mo ment of desperation, he seized his pen and wrote the following, which was duly mailed: “ Messrs. Dunn & Spencer: Please send me one tailor’s goose, and d—n it * send me anotJi- er.”' This was the only way^he knew of to order two of them; but of course he had not read the above wise decision then.—Petersburg Courier. Sweet Potatoes in New Yobk.—Tho Daily Buletinsays: It is estimated that over threo hundred thou sand barrels of sweet potatoes were disposed of in our city during last season, at an average price of three dollars and a half per barrel. The shipping season begins in the lattor part of August; at that date thoso received aro from ihq Carolines; later, about the 10th of Septem ber, the crop from Delaware begins to arrive, and still later those from New Jersey are placed in onr market. The first arrivals command from ten to eighteen dollars per barrel, and the price decreases as the market becomes more fully supplied. The season is over by the end of October, and after that period higher prices begin to rule. The sweet potato is known by a number of names in the South, corresponding to the different varieties; for instance those nsed in that portion of the country are, invaria bly baked or roasted, and aro known as the pumpkin yam, red yam, white yam, and numer ous other titles; the potato shipped North, sel dom used as an article of food in tho South, is raised solely for that purpose, the yams as they are termed being unfit for boiling, which is the usual mode of cooking in the Northern States. This branch of business has increased largoly of late years in New York, and there are several firms in the neighborhood of Washington mar ket, who make this line a specialty. Pobk Up.—General Ryan, of the Homet, gives an unfavorable idea of the pork market in Hayti. He says: "While we were at the Governor’s the whole population of the village gathered aronnd, in cluding women, children, pigs, chickens, and in fact, almost every livipg thing: Seeing the Governor’s steward disengaged for a moment, I offered to buy the pig tied up at the doorpost. I asked, .“What will you take for that pig?” To my surprise, he ana wed in perfect English: “Well, pigs is kinder scarce now. Doy is a goad deal lighter den day was. I gub ten tousan’ dollars for dat pig, and I’ve had him fo’ weeks. If yon gub me fifteen tousan’ dollar you canhav’um. I was somewhat startled ut these high figures, but learned that §15,000 in Haytian money was only equal to §13 in gold. How they Take Census in England.—A cen sus of England is to be taken shortly. The night of the 2d of April has been fixed upon as the time for taking it. Daring the week prece ding that date a blank will be left with every individual oocupjor of a house of lodgings in the United Kingdoms, who shaU correctly fill tho blank with roe neoessary particulars concerding every person who may be ahiding with him on that night. A failure to do this properly, and as the law directs; will entail upon the offender a fine of twenty shillings. On the morning of the 3d of April all these filled-up blanks will be collected by the enumerators, what errors may exist are corrected, and by the 1st of June the returns will be ready for publication. They do this thing better in England than we do here. There are very few mistakes made, and there is no quarreling over the census. Twa * n on Juvenile - in the Buffalo Express, of time,” said old Jo^ a pM^,“ a n “ y er j|^?i9 ting his dismantled nose, “and it's HnS too, for when I was a boy the old ^ •ways telling mo better. He was a Sj^ hated fighting. When I wonld my nose bleedingor with my face ho used to call me out in tho wood sheS* a sorrowful and discouraged way Eav ny, you’ve had another fight, hev? w—^ times have I got to teU?e how LS? wicked it is for boys to fight ? It terday that I talked to you ap hour\& sin of filiting, and here you’Te beenatiui 1 Who was it with this time ? With iw?? 5 Do ,?V ou fight a boy that weighs twenty pomdsS! than you do, besides being two years r-lv Ain t ye got aspark of sense about ye IuT plainly that you are determined to breat h poor father’s heart by your reckless c<J> What ails your finger? Tommy the little fool! Didn’t yo know keep yer finger out of his mouth? wTs ir.g to yerk his check c-ff, hc-v? Won't je"'" learn to quit foolin’ ’round a boy’s l with yer fingers? You’re bound to dK us all by sech wretched behavior! YotfH termined never to be nobody! Dia™ Z hear of Isaac Watts—that wrote “Let fe". light to bark and bite”—sticking his a boy’s mouth to get ’em bit, like a fool*; clean discouraged with ye! Why didn’t vs for his nose, the way Jonathan Edwardi* George Washington, and Dan’l"Webster^ when they was boys? Couldn’t, ’cause fe ye down! That’s a party story to telle;'; does beat all that you can’t leamhowSocsi and William Penn used to gouge wheafc was under, after the hours and hours I've in telling you about all those great he?* - seems to me somo times as if I should hr* give you up in despair. It’s an awful trii mo to have a boy that don’t pay any attend’ to good example nor to what I say. "ST you pulled out threo or four handfuls cf K hair! H-m! Did he squirm any? Nowify-, a give him one or two in the eye—but ash. told ye, many a time, fighting is poor buia Won’t you—for your father’s sake—won': i- promise to try and remember that! H-m! Ji ny, how did it—ahem—which licked?’' “You licked him ? Sho! Really ? Well, te I hadn’t any idea you conld lick that leer Kelley! I don’t believe John Bunyan,at t years old, could have done it Johnny, myfe you can’t think.how I hate to have you fight: every day or two. I wouldn’t have had c lick you for five, no, not for ten dollars. Koi sonny, go right in and wash up, and tell ji mother to put a rag on yer finger. And, It ny, don’t let me hear of your lighting again! “I never see anybody so down on fightiagi ho old man was, but somehow he could in* break me from it" Pateb petticoats having come into fashion, the following advertisement whereof appears in England: “Madame Percale begs leave to call the attention of ladies about to visit the sea side to her mew and richly embroidered paper petticoats, at one shilling each. Eaoh petticoat contains an installment of a new novel of great domestic interest, by Anthony Trollope, enti- fled ‘Tuck and Frills.’ Tho story will be com plete in fifty weekly petticoats.” Thebe was a sensitive young man in Ken tucky who was upbraided by his father the other day, for coming home in a state of intoxi cation. As the young man had never been in toxicated before, the language of his parent ipfieved him, and he ended his sorrows by shoot ing himself through the head with a shot-gun. A number of Bocial belles in New York an nounce their intention of being “not at home” to anybody after ten o’olock in the evening. A warning to young men who never know when vise of the Rushin land, as contained in the first to take their departure. The French Elections. We are still unable to pronounce upoa it French elections, and, to speak the truth, hr little confidence that the approaching Safer- Assembly will be _ab!e, peaceably and ixx ously, to settle the questions of peace cl future internal administration for thtclc tunate country. Tho explosive elements that body are too nnmerous and too infantile encourage hope of results springing froadeii eration,’andjcomproniise. The World vc3 5 marks:, France, with irrepressiblo Democratic^; dencies, has never understood the true pne pies of liberty. Tho most ardent of ha I> publicans are crazy socialists, who have no ;"s idea of the proper functions of goverunc Instead of restricting, they wish to enlarge: authority. Among other wild whimsies th think it the duty of government to fcfe employment for au. laborers, and protect tie against want They have none of that iafc respect for personal liberty which English and Americans regard as the corcer-stOKj free institutions. Among all the Frenchi? 1 lutions since 1789, there has never betas? ty to demand our invaluable right of «* corpus. They appreciate equality 3id p privilege, but they have no true concept's- liberty or individnal rights. They belie';- that worst of political heresies, the w-if domination of society over tho indiridua- sonal freedom, the freedom of theprestp freedom of association and publio fasen® have been as ruthlessly put down in mi by governments founded on universal su-A as by monarchical rule. H iuit Grant Says About the BuffiK , e«l Cabinet Changes. The Washington correspondent of fi 5 H rier-Journal,sends that paper the folloffinf der date of tho 7th inst.: The President has at last been slungiff. 1 paper comments into a confession of tions in regard to tho much talked of Cabinet, and to-day ho" conversed ft- 1 ? freely with a newspaper correspondent “ subject. He admits that a division of tw inet is to take place some time within * after the adjournment of Congress, an-' the name of a successor to Mr. Fish win ^ in to bo confirmed somo time daring «• ent session. -Tlie changes to be mi-e the State, Navy and Attorney-Genera only, the present incumbents of wmch ly conscious of and willing for a ehang»- President denies absolutely that 61t , Boutwell or Mr. Belknap aro t° leaira „,. c net, as he ranks those gentlemen am firmest supporters and best Wjfty,; which, neither of them have signin'» c tention directly or indirectly to seT ®J • i, cial relations with him, and he cen*®{‘ not ask their resignations. The PM®S, of what he intended to do with some and a degree of positiveness, evidei forth by the attacks of certain Radii which he mentioned by name m Sdous of condemnation. TheMubdeb at Jacksonville.—Tbe ^ ville (Fla.) Union has the following aa-u- information concerning this murder, ticnlars of which we gave a day 01 J ^--.j Mr. W. Scott, tally clerk atFairebW^ who boards, with Mr. Fagan, end* u room where the body of Miss Oarlm w- 1 j, was arrested this morning. Mr. i Mr. Peck’s jewelry Btore, on batata J ^ about ten o’clock, and Mr. Gilbert, noticed blood on his clothing, r tion, reported to the police, -lea to - arrest. Mr. Soott accounts for the bio c clothing by stating that he had the ^ e , and further states that he spent faata. - ing at the theatre. ~ , _ ne -,s * ‘Thompson, the steward of tho J, arrested because bloody footprints^ .. upon the deck of his vessel, about contradictory statements. It is B . his foot compared with the footpnn from the house.” : The jury was in session at last aceo - ing an inquest. ' _ r r- a In the town of Newbury, Mass'-, is . ( which was erected in 1682. It m a g riosity, and is so heavily timbered ^ ^ stand five hundred years, unless pm 1 If It was used for a garrison in the Indian wars. The stairs are maae .^; oak timber ten inches wide and toni ^ Y/hat is quite as remarable as anytmn*^, it is the fact that the dwelling 1S “°* by the seventh generation of tho * built it, the Christian name of eaon ow Benjamin.
