Georgia weekly telegraph and Georgia journal & messenger. (Macon, Ga.) 1869-1880, February 28, 1871, Image 4

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Georgia weekly telegraph and Georgia journal & messenger., February 28, 1871, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextTelegraph and Messenger, MACON, FEBBPARY 28. 1871. Georgia Finances. Tho Atlanta Sun of Wednesday publishes Treasurer Angier a Report for 1870, dated Jan- nary 10, which we will try to find room for at an early day, but just now we aro under press ure. According to this statement, the cash re ceipts in the year 1870 were $1,630,705 57, and the expenses $1,471,021 02—showing a cash balance on hand 1st January, 1871, of $165,- 744 55. According to the same authority, the actual bonded debt of the State amounts to $6,544,000 and there is due this year, of principal and in terest on these bonds, $581,025, and next year $1,148,140. Tho contingent State debt due or to bo duo according to the provisions of thirty- two railroad bills with State aid provisions, will be about thirty millions of dollars, and contem plating two thousand miles of railroad. Of this amount authorized by law, about five million dollars in State endorsed bonds have been is sued. The Treasurer says his estimate for 1870 of $500,000 for current expenses of the year “ was ample for all honest and practical purposes, but reckless and pillaging hands have run them up to nearly double that amount, namely, $975,000, besides a large debt incurred against the State Road.” llomc'lhide Fertilizers. Messrs. Hunt, Rankin & Lamar publish in this edition on article showing how much of the price paid for manufactured fertilizers goes to the account of “expenses of transfer,” and draw from their statement an argument upon the sa perior economy of purchasing the materials in a concentrated form and manipulating them at home with well rotted manure—rich alluvium or humus gathered from the place, and mixed according to directions. We suppose tho farmer who has had the industry to gather daring the past 3 ear his manure heaps, might find it ad vantageous to incorporate these fertilizers with the whole mass so as to supplement tho chem ical applications with a plentiful supply of or ganic matter, in which our sandy lands are generally deficient. So long as the farmer can produce two good ears of com with every shovel full of manure, the application is cer tainly not too laborious or costly for the result, And this we are confident can easily be done on every acre of even our sandy uplands; and it ii not worth while to plant them excent upon conditions which promise such a result. The Macon- and Augusta Ratleoad.—As a feeder to the trade of Macon, this road is already demonstrating an importance not greatly infe rior to that of any of the five other great rail ways which concentrate at Macon. Its passen ger business is unexpectedly heavy, and it is bringing trade hero as far northeast as Warren county. Yesterday a friend from Hancock was In and subscribed for tho paper, and said that fifteen or twenty of his neighbors wanted to take it, and he would pay for them, but he had shopped all his money (some seven or eight hundred dollars) away, and he must save enough to go home upon. He said he had to slip away from homo or he would have had commissions enough on his hands to have given him em ployment for twice the length of time he intended to stay. This single case will illustrate the con tributions to our trade which may be expected from along the line of this road in Jones, Bald win, Hancock and Warren. The Southebn Fabh and Home for March has found its way to our table this early, ahead of all its agricultural contemporaries. It is an admirable number, brim full of good and use ful articles. Out of the loDg list of contents we would specially notice tho articles on the “Com parative Value of Fertilizers” by Professor Leroy Broun, tho Editor’s reply to the inquiry, “Is Salt a Manure?” and Mr. C. W. Howard’s Essay cn the Culture of Grapes and Forage Plants. All the several departments are well filled, instructive and interesting. Mrs. Dustbnsh’s letters to her niece are fully equal to Mrs. Kate Hannibee’8 letters in tho Hearth and Homo. The best evidenco of the success and pros perity of tho Fabm and Home is found in the large increase of its advertising patronage. We reoommend the pAnM and Home to tho cordial support of the members of the Agricul tural Convention, and remind them that they can secure the Fabm and Home and Daily Telegbaph and Messenoze for $11, Farm and Homo and Weekly for $4. The Pbice op Monet.—The House of Repre sentatives of the South Carolina Legislature have lately passed a bill to re-establish the nsniy laws. They have an idea that they can bring the price of money down in that way. But why blame negroes for such a notion, when during the war white Georgians undertook to regulate the price of salt and com by statute— and not only this, but almost every nation in the civilized world has tried a similar experi ment to loam its utter folly. The way to regu late prices i3 to give the freest possible scope to transactions and exchanges. The Fisheby Question is a cold and slimy subject to get heated upon; but the Blue Noses of Nova Scotia, in humble imitation of the Massachusetts Legislature, are getting hot on ’tother side. Their Legislature, too, “views tho High Commission with serious apprehen sion” that their fishery rights aro about to be sacrificed! Would it be too much for the occa sion if some monster Codfish wero to swallow the Massachusetts Legislature and then knock tho Blue Noses stiff with a flap of his tail ? Let ns submit that question to the people. .. The planters in Louisiana and Mississippi are reported tobe actively making arrangements to secure whito laborers for the next crop, and the supply fails to meet the demand. The de mand for white servant girls in these States is also very great, and good ones it is said, are paid from $20 to $25 a month. Public feeling has been so outraged of lato in England by tho frequent smashing of the ribs of patients in insane asylums by tho keepers, that Dr. Heardon has been moved to account for it by announcing that the chest bones of the insane are especially fragile. Black Ofpeession.—The Lehigh Valley and Lehigh and Susquehanna Railway Companies notified tho publio on the 16th that hereafter their tolls from Wilkesbarre to Port Johnson, which had been $2 75 per ton would be $710 per ton. Fob tho first time since the administration of President Polk foreigners aro able to converse with the wife of tho premier in the court lan guage of Europe. • Tlie Labor Question That is a very trenchant article on our first page, addressed to the Stato Agricultural Con vention, and it is tho offspring of one of the best informed and most candid minds in Middle Georgia. Wears sorry that his wide expert enco and extended observation havo brought him to these conclusions upon the Labor Ques tions; but personally we are inclined to think that hero, as well as almost everywhere else, tho mean between extremes is tho sound promiso,* and will lead to safe conclusions. The negro is here, and must draw his subsis tence from his own labor or that of other inhabi tants of tho country. No policy which looks to making him anon-producer or even of seriously impairing his productive efficiency, will relievo Georgia or tho South of the burden of supply ing his wants. Ho will not emigrate because he is unemployed. Ho may subsist loss com fortably—but he will still subsist from the pro ducts of tho soil and of the general industry He must subsist ae a hired laborer. As an in dependent worker he will achieve little or noth ing for himself or the common good. True, there are many practical exceptions to this re mark ; but no intelligent observer will be in clined to dispute the soundness of the general proposition Now what is the fair conclusion from theso premises? Plainly, that tho true point of effort lies—not in displacing negro labor—not in sub stituting it by some other labor, and then sub stantially burdening that labor with its own sub sistence and that of the unemployed negro too but in improving negro labor, and in working out the best possible results with it. What the writer says of tho injurious results of negro la bor—political, social and financial, may bo true or partly true. It is not, in fact, worth while to inquire whether it is true or not—becauso wo bavo to deal with facts—nnd this is the main fact to bo considered, that tho negro is hero and will bo here, and must bo fed whether we em ploy him or not. If there wore, this day, Swedes or other whito laborera sufficient to sup ply all tho farms and plantations in Georgia and tho negroes wero consequently turned loose os vagrants, we should only have inaugurated a social condition in which it would be well nigh impossible to produce or harvest any crops whatever, or preserve them after they were in store. But, (still dealing with facts as we find them) what is the actual condition of negro labor in Georgia now ? Poor and unprofitable as it may be pronounced, does not every planter know that tho demand for it exceeds tho supply ?— that the planters require no personal certificates or testimonials?—that everybody is taken up who comes along?—that, if a laborer is turned off of your place for misdemeanor or idleness, or voluntarily abandons his employment without reason, he can find another place with the great est ease ? Tho discharge of the idle and vicious is therefore no penalty, and the planter has no punitive resource in Ms hands at alL Such a condition of things will demoralize labor any where, and of almost any kind. Now, to meet thi3 fundamental evil, and to make discharge from employment for cause a penalty to be dreaded, and the fear of it, an in citement to fidelity, there must be more labor ers, and when you add them by the system of immigration proposed, you strike at tho root of this ovil. When labor is abundant, planters will be choice of labor, and a bad reputation will be dreaded. Certificates of character and fidel ity will be required—and the demeanor of the negroes will become conciliatory. Likp other employees, they will seek your good will—strive to please and give satisfaction because good will and satisfaction secure employment, and infidelity and bad conduct deprive them of it. They will cease to consider that they are sure of work and wages, do what they wilL That do little—do much—lounge or labor —steal or bo honest—it makes no difference in the year’s engagement and the year’s income. They will ceaso also to feel that come what will, the fanner can’t do without them; and the moment an employee, wMte or black, gets that idea into his head, he ceases to be valuable. Futhermore, if in so supplementing negro labor, we bring to it a more energetio, faithful and efficient labor, like that of the Swedes, then we address the negroes with the powerful influ ence of example and of competitive industry. Then we raise the standard of labor by practi cal illustrations just before their eyes. Then we add new securities for the safety of the crops in field and in store. Then we increase the dif ficulties to theft and the facilities of detection. Then we approach the naturally ductile aud imitative minds of the negroes with the most powerful incentives to greater diligence and rec titude. And, lastly, let us recollect, in complaining of the dishonesty of tho negroes, that, owing to our unfortunate political condition, we have never yet had any police system suited to their case. We have been deprived, therefore, not only of all efficient and appropriate means and. motives for enforcing faithful labor, but also of enforcing common honesty. The negro has been aooustomed to prompt punishment for the petty malefactions which aro now ruining Southern agriculture. Once if he killed stock or stole crops in tho field, he got a good whip ping and that was an end of it. Now there is practically no punishment at all for theso petty larcenies whlcb the people say compel them to raise their hogs and com in the Western coun try. The machinery gf justice provided by Georgia is so slow and cumbrous and costly that rather than resort to it, the planter will pocket his losses aud say nothing, and the ne gro kills and eats the breeding stock and steals crops from the field with little danger of-pun ishment, even if detected. Bnt is there any need of such a condition of things much longer? We say no. Every neighborhood ought to have its intelligent magistrate armed by law with full power to investigate and punish on tho spot all such petty offences, whether com mitted by wMte3 or blacla, and to deal with vagrants and petty trespassers of all kinds sum marily by fine collectable in money or labor on the publio roads, bridges and buildings—sub ject, of course, to an appeal on such suitable conditions as should discourage appeal without adequate cause or reason. Never can we hope for any relief from petty thieving from the house, crib, meathouse, fowl yard, garden or field crop, until we make the means of redress and punishment easy, swift and inexpensive. And so, being shut up by Providence, proba- ably for generations, to tho fact of tho exist ence of a large negro population among ns, we conclude, that the ease calls for earnest and judicious effort-r-not to make them useless, but useful to themselves and to tho country. s-n!t to this end, so far from having exhausted the means, we have practically not yet even tried them. The taking off of Mrs. Bauder subjected her murderous spouse to only ten years’ imprison ment, in Toledo. The jury being married knew how it was themselves. One Mississippi editor brands another a liar! a blackguard! 1 and a coward!! 1 The b,, L and c. is hunting him with a shot gun. On h» late return to Salt Lake, the Hon. B. Young found his wife drawn up in a hollow square to receive him.—3oston Post. The total product of refined petroleum in the United States for 1870 was 7,534,000 barrels. The New Orleans Republican says that a few days ago, as a boy, eighteen years old, was wad ing along Melpomene street, in that city, wMch was deeply flooded at the time, he suddenly felt an accute pain in one of h?a feet, and, on rais ing it to the surface saw a conger eel follow, and felt it bite Mm again. He soon grew very sick, and was carried to his home and attended promp- ly by a physician, bnt died the next day. The “heart” is the best card in the chance game of matrimony—sometimes overcome by diamonds and knaves, often won by tricks, and occasionally treated in a shnffiing manner, and then out altogether, says a woman. Chinese in tlio United States—TZieli- Number, Character, etc. From a report recently mado to tho Fodoral government by Mr. H. N. Day, wo get some in teresting facts relative to tho Chinese migra tion to this country. There are now about 100,000 Chinamen in this country, of whom 22,229, or more than one fifth of the whole number, arrived during tho year 1809, and the first half of 1870. Tho im migration has been principally of males, but latterly the statistics show a marked increase of of females. In 1807 thero wero only eight fe males in the whole country, and these eight all at Boston and Charleston. In 1808, 40 more camo, in 1809, 974, and in 1870, 1,110. Up to Juno 30,1870, tho total arrivals of females footed up 2,144. In regard to. their charactor and condition the uniform testimony of those with tho best means of observation, is to tho effect that they aro, in tho main, sober, industrious, orderly and faithful, and more intelligent than similar classes in tms or European countries. So far as is known they can all read and write their own language. Out of 11,187 CMnese in San Francisco all can read and write, as appears by tho late census, wMle thero are 7,058 for eigners and natives in tho same city who can neither read nor write. Of the distribution of tho Chinese accurate intelligence is wanting. On this pointy the New York Commercial Advertiser makes tho following synopsis from the day’s report Nearly all tho CMnese females in the country are in San Francisco or tho immediate vicinity. Some thousands of male CMnese, it is under stood, are employed on tho Central Pacific Railroad. There are many mining camps made up chiefly of CMnese. They also constitute tho majority of the population in some towns and villages in the Pacific States, as also in some silk, tea, and cotton plantations. Ninety- five males are employed at North Adams, Mas sachusetts; 08 at Belleville, New Jersey; 107, all males, aro reported as having arrived at New Orleans in tho year ending Juno 30, 1870. In Oregon 2,304 males, 51 females are returned for the four years ending Juno 30, 1870; in New York 70 males, 9 females; in Philadelphia 13 males. The number now in New York is esti mated to be 200, only two or three being adult females, “exemplary mothers of families.” These, it is reported, all came from Havana. A largo portion of theso aro segar makers, and earn large wages; there arc some candy-makers, jewelers, and bakers; a majority, however, aro house servants. A good proportion have inter married with native or naturalized wMtes. Smith and Pitcher. Saturday morning’s Journal of Commerce, speaking of a letter of self-defenco written by Superintendent Pitcher, of the West Point Mil itary Academy, to Congressman Niblack, says: Superintendent Pitcher is a doomed man. His frank, manly letter to Mr. Niblack marks Mm for Congressional vengeance. He should have known that truth telling, wrnch is the sig nal virtue at West Point, is not in so Mgh re pute at Washington. Unless he is ready to go into private life he should not have written that the sub-committee conducted their investiga tion with strong prejudices, spent only eight hours at it, aud examined onlyfour cadets. And above all, he should not have been honest and blunt in declaring, “I have carried a burden in the effort to harmonize the social relations be tween the colored cadet and his companions, a thing wMch no one else in the land has attempt ed,” and adding that Ms difficulty “will be real ized in Washington when honorable members are in such close relations as those under wMch the cadets live.” TMs is true and straightfor ward, every word of it; but it is not the servile, flattering language which politicians are wont to nse when they hope to curry favor at Wash ington. ■Whatever may be tho superintendent’s -fate, the thoughts of just men will be turned anew to the consideration of the right and propriety of testing the social status of the negro at West Point. It will be, as it should be, considered wholly apart from Fifteenth amendments, and the political rights of colored men. These will not be contravened or denied. The gist of the matter is, whether it is fair or expedient to ask of high-spirited young men, whose fathers and mothers, and the example of almost tho whole public, have filled them with a prejudice, wMoh amounts to inherited instinct, against in timate association with negroes, to give up that sentiment entirely and in all circumstances. Radical Congressmen will not do it. They will allow colored men to sit on the Radical side, bnt they will not admit them to close personal inti macy, nor introduce them as welcome visitors to their families; by a hundred petty signs they show that they stand upon the old prejudice as firmly as other people. Why then should the tabooed negro be forced into the social equality and intimacy from wMch the regulations at West Point permit no escape ? Sensible people of the North are not going to help General Pitcher, or any succeeding victim to this wicked and impracticable fanaticism by the concession'that the instinctive repug nance to social admixture with the African race is “a prejudice.” If it be a prejudice, it is sim ply a wrong to be overcome; and that admis sion yields the whole point in controversy be tween the wMte people of the United States and such visionary fanatics as Sumner and Company. . But if, on the other hand, the cor poreal senses themselves protest in the name of God and Nature against suoh social intermix ture—if the lines of social demarkation and distinction are not arbitrary and unreasonable, but have been drawn by GodMmself— if physi cal science, history and ethnological statistics all unite in establishing that such intermixture is attended with baleful results, then is it not time for every honest man to plant Mmself upon the plain truth, and to denounee these crazy efforts to fight nature and contravene the plain will of the Creator, as treason to the best interests of the human race ? now Holden ’Tided to Carry North Carolina—Wliat One Witness Swore. A letter from Raleigh to the Wilmington Journal dated February 13tb, says: The great trial still continues with unabated interest. On yesterday Mr. Murray, tho gen tleman whom Bergen hung np by the neck, told his simplo unvarnished tale of suffering and torture, wMla tho Court and galleries listened with tho closest attention, nntil every cheek tingled with indignation, and the blood of free men boiled that such wrongs and cruelties could havo been inflicted npon an American citizen. Mr. Murray, who scorns to bo a most exem plary gentleman, sworo that Bergen, accompa nied by four soldiers, carried Mm from bis tent, at midnight, to a neighboring tree, oyer a branch of which they threw a rope, tho rope’s end being tied around Ms neck, and told him unless he mado a confession thoy would hang Mm, and he replied that ho had no confession to make. They immediately bung Mm up, and after being suspended some time they let him down, and again demanded a confession, tMs time pre senting their pistols, already cocked, at his baro breast, bnt bo, in no wiso daunted, still insisted that ho knew nothing to confess, and again was (ho rope tightened and Ms quivering body sus pended nntil sense aud consciousness loft Mm. When ho regained Ms consciousness ho was ly ing under the tree, and tho soldiers rubbing Ms stiffening limbs. Bergen once more demanded a confession, and onco more Ms victim made tho same reply. Tho monster then ordered the Sergeant to hang Mm up and lot Mm remain until morning, and walked off, but tho soldiers returned with Mm to Ms tent, at tho same time enforcing the strictest secrecy. And all this was done by the order of Holden, Grant’s right .bower in North Carolina, in order to intimidate Democrats and keep them from the polls and thus get a verdiot for Radicalism in the old North State. Now, thank God! tho guilty wretch who dovised and ordered all tMs wickedness is at tho bar of a conrt of impeach ment, and the prospect is good for Ms convic tion and punishment. If he should slip through the meshe3 of the law, though, or go free as the result of a political compromise, it will be the worst day’s work ever done for North Carolina. It will revive tho drooping spirits, and prop the fallen fortunes of Radicalism, not only in that bnt in other Southern States, and furnish addi tional backing to the conspirators at Washing ton in their desperate attempts to turn North Carolina over again to the tender mercies of the foul gang who have so long oppresssed her. Let Holden bo allowed to escape, and Democracy will havo received a mortal wound in that State, and justice, liberty aud law a blow far more fatal than any he ever delivered against them, THE GEORGIA. PRESS, Tho tournament and ball in Milledgoville on Friday, was a success. Messrs. Payne, West ana Mark Johnston wore the successful Knights. Sparta was lively last week over a show con sisting of an old magic lantern and a few faded pictures. Tho audience were so excited that they rushed out of tho hall before the show was over. The Sparta Times says that tho planters of Hancock county aro going it strong on fertiliz ers. This season several hundred tons have A Territorial Government lor tlie District of Columbia. A bill creating a territorial government for the District of Columbia has passed both houses of Congress, and will, it i3 said, cortainly re ceive the President’s signature and become a law at an early day. Under its provisions the President appoints the Governor and Secretary, who hold office four years. The Legislature consists of two Houses—the Upper House to consist of eleven members, to be called the Council, and the Lower, the House of Delegates. The President appoints the Council, of whom nine aro to be citizens of Washington, two of Georgetown and two of the county, and to hold office two years. Tho Honse of Delegates is to consist of 33 mem bers, and are to be elected annually, and of whom the city of Washington are allowed to elect 27. The election of delegates is to be on the principle of cumulative voting, whereby a voter in any of the districts may cast as many votes as there aro delegates to be elected for that district, or may distribute Ms vote at will among the candidates. The first election is to be held within sixty days from the passage of the act. The session of tho Legislature is lim ited to sixty days in each year, except'the first session, which may continue one hundred days. Tho Assembly is proMbited from contracting any debt exceeding five per cent, of the assessed property of the District, except it be first sanc tioned by the popular vote. All acts of the As sembly are to be subject to repeal or modifica tion by Congress. The judicial eonrts are to remain as now organized, or until abolished by aot of Congress. The charters of the cities of WasMngton and Georgetown are to be repealed on the first of June next; but all the ordinances passed by the respective cities are to continue in force nntil modified by Congress or by the As sembly. . • Souvenirs. By some cuilous manoeuvre which we cannot explain, a statement of the contingent expenses of the War Department for the past year con tains items, amounting in the aggregate to nearly half a million of dollars, wMch ought to have been disposed of long ago; and wMoh, as we read them now, recalls some memories not calculated to inorease our national pride. Here we have set down in the bill: For special train to oonvey Governor Morton and staff. For expenses incurred by direction of Major General Butler in paying organists, sextons and choirs for services rendered upon funeral occa sions and on Sundays in Christ Church and St. Paul’s Church, New Orleans. For expenses incurred in developing evidence. For two dozen handcuffs. For 112 pairs hand shackles aud 20 leg shac kles. For 900 sets Adams’ patented handcuffs, and 41 balls and chains. For 2 anklets, 4 chains and 14 pounds of rope. For 12 pairs of handcuffs. <( on It «< «125 « “ <i 07 ii (i “ 30 “ “ “ 33 pounds of chain. For furnishing one gallows complete—$100. For erecting gallows and completing all nec essary arrangements for tho execution of . For superintending the erection of the gal lows for, and execution of , $54 50. For same, $44 75. These ore sweet reminders of those wretched times when the laws wero silent, freedom and justice trampled under foot, and “ the best gov ernment in the world” was carried in the breeches pocket of tho infamous Edwin M. Stanton. The News.—Tho morning dispatches an nounce the German price of peace. It is Mgh. The French reorganization was formally an nounced to the Russian government last Mon day, and would be recognized next day. The Arkansas imbroglio is still unsolved. The United States commandant of the post is in structed to hold the belligerents in check. The Cuban revolution seems to have finally played ont." - The health of the German Emperor excites alarm. Senatob Vance’s Pbospects Gloomy.—Tho WasMngton Republican of Monday, says: Senator-elect Vance left here on Saturday for his home-in North Carolina, having become dis couraged in-his effort to procure the removal of bis political disabilities so as to enable Mm to take his seat in the Senate on the 4th of March. It is not known that he intends to resign, al though it has been stated he does, bnt, in the event of his doing so, General Ransom would undoubtedly be chosen to succeed Mm. Ran som received witMntwo of as many votes as Vance, in the convention which nominated the latter; was a strict States rights man before tho war; a violent rebel during the war, but his disabilities have been removed, and he could take the seat if elected. If Governor Vance is the man we take Mm to be he will resign and give the Legislatnro an opportunity to fill Ms vacancy before March 4th. His election was an act of unwisdom to begin with; and those who are responsible for it now bitterly realize the fact. We hope Ms case is the last illustration of Southern im policy in tMs direction we shall ever have to chronicle. Since the repeal of the test oath thero oannot be a shadow of a shade of excuse for it. M. Thiebs is nearly seventy-fonr years old, having been born in Marseilles, 16th April, 1797, in which city his father was a poor locksmith. A sketch of his political career from which we glean those facts closes as follows: What policy he will pursue as head of the provisional government belongs to tho future. That he will use his influence to restore the Or leans dynasty is probable, bnt is not certain, if we are to judge by Ms past career. Ho was, however, elected a3 an avowed Orleanist, and this fact may be steadily borne in mind by Mm, and tend to the election of one of the Orleans princes to the French throne. A New Diabolus has been discovered by the New York Herald and labelled “Tho Demon of Bogus Divorce!" who is going like an industri ous attorney untying bonds matrimonial with the aid of suborned witnesses and false returns of service where one party or the other in inter est knows nothing abont. That sly demon should be painted os a cupid with hoofs, horns aud tail, and a sharp stiletto in Ms hand3 in stead of a bow and arrows. Lent-—With yesterday, (Ash Wednesday), commenced the season of Lent—in’eommemo- ration of Christ’s foity days in the wilderness and observed by the faithful in the Catholic and Episcopal Churches as a season of fasting, mortification, retirement from the world, and works of self-denial and benevolence. The name comes from the old Saxon lengten-tide, signifying the lengthening of the day and the approach of spring. A Kansas City editor, who employs a CMnese laundryman, is in a panic. Hear him: “They sent home with our wasMng yesterday a thing that branches off in two ways a little below the top, like a railway junction, and has puckered frills edged with ‘tetting’ on each end of the di vide. We - don’t know what it . is, and we’re a poor, friendless man, with only our virtue, and none but villains would seek to injure that." The Uppeb Obusx of WasMngton colored society is in ferment over the approaoMng mar riage of an ebon-hned physician with a lady of pure Caucasian blood, who holds a prominent position in the Freedman’s Bureau. So Bays Sunday’s Herald. engaged, and many planters say w'hen they ceaso to nse guano they will stop planting cot ton. Alf Richardson, ono of the negroc3 who wa3 chosen at the lato election to misrepresent Clarke county in the Legislature, has moved to Atlanta since the election. Mr. Jas. H. Portell, a higMy respectable citi zen of Atlanta, died on Sunday. Messrs. Ja3. H. Logan and-S. W. Mangham havo bought a two-tMrds interest in tho Griffin Middle Georgian—Mr. Morrow retiring. The firm is now Logan, Mangham & Hunt. They will mako great improvement in tho paper. We cordially wish them tho greatest success. S. H. Shaw, a typo in the Era office at Atlan ta. set np 81,000 ems—being the regalar run of the hook—last week. The Atlanta Sun says; Faeming Pbospects.—We learn from a gentle man whose business requires Mm to travel a great deal through the counties west, along and contiguous to the line of tho Chattahoochee River, that in Foyotte, Meriwether, Troup and Coweta counties, tho wheat crops look pretty well and have a healthy appearance, but that the breadth of land sown for the present crop, is much below that of last year. That in the counties west of tho Chattahoochee, thero is not only a great deal less land in wheat, but that it has suffered much from the freezes of tho past hard weather and the sudden changes and heavy rains. The Rome Commercial makes tho following comment upon tho last Executive proclamation referring to alleged Ku Klux outragos in Floyd county; It is not true that Col. Waltennire was mal treated. That gentleman has met with deserved courtesy and cordiality since he came Sonth. We doubt very seriously the charge that imme diately precedes the one relating to Colonel Waltermire. We believe it to be au impossi bility. Thero are several other charges that are false, bnt in the weariness of the contempt we have for the man that would report such serious mat ters in an exaggerated way, and for the Govern or who would give them official endorsement before he was absolutely convinced of their troth, we merely pronounce them libels, and pass on. But one thing is true beyond doubt, and that is that the Southern people must keep down these disturbances, if they ever hope for de- liverance from the ills they now endure. Such foolish escapades, as the Governor alludes to in the latter part of his proclamation, are neither wise nor manly. Every suspicious action is noted down by onr enemies and placed to our discredit. So we re peat our request made some time since to onr friends, to "keep quiet." Don't provide “the other side” with bludgeons wherewith to ham mer your own brains out.” A match race for $1,000 aside has been made at Augusta, between Col. T. G. Bacon’s bay gelding, Toskean, and Mr. J. M. Crawford’s bay gelding, John Kenrick. It will come off May 31st. Mrs. Mary Ann Masterson dropped dead at her residence, in Savannah, last Saturday after noon. A chivalrous man and brother named Grant, from South Carolina, disembowelled another m. aud b. at Savannah, Monday morning. A duBky Venus was the cause. The Savannah News says: Still They Come.—Passing through the Custom House a few days since, we notioed an other new comer, occupying a $1,500 desk. On inquiry it turned out that the stranger had re cently come from Maine, no doubt accredited with letters from such distinguished Americans os Ben Butler, Sumuer and others. It seems that citizens of Georgia—never mind how de voted to the old flag, and all that—stand no obance for these nice little positions. Carpet baggers continue to monopolize all government positions. Senator Hill, the leader of the na tive wing of the Radical party, shonld give this matter Ms attention. Out of soventy-five em ployes in the Custom House, there are only three of them who were there before or during the war. How is tMs, scalawags ? The directors of the Atlanta and Savannah Railroad had a meeting at Savannah, Monday, and were dined and wined by the president, Hiram Roberts, Esq. No report of business done is given by the Savannah papers. It is proposed to establish a sugar refinery at Savannah. Tho county officers eleotof Richmond comity have just received their commissions. Bowen, the bigamist, is having a lively time. A number of witnesses have been summoned to Washington City from Augusta to prove Ms marriage in the latter city, in 1852, with MisB Frances Hicks. The trial is set down for the 28ih Inst. There is a reasonably cheerful pros pect that Bowen will draw prison rations yet. Says the Columbus Enquirer of Tuesday: Robbeby on the Cabs.—On Sunday morning a gentleman named Joseph Lower, from Ten nessee, cn route for Texas, was robbed on the Western Railroad of $260, as follows: WMle the train was standing at the old Opelika depot two men boarded the passenger car and approached Mr. Lower, one representing him self as a commission merchant with freight at the depot, and the other as conductor of the train. The pretended merohant stated that he had a lot of freight in the depot, and couldn’t make the change to get it out. He had, he said, a thousand dollar bill, but none of the railroad men could ohange it; so he wished Mr. Lower to ohange it, or loanhim $260 for a few minutes. His accomplice, the would-be conductor, en dorsed the transaction, saying, “I am the con ductor; this gentleman is all right.” On this assurance the money was advanced. When the train started the tMeves jumped off, leaving Mr. Lower to Ms fate. After a while, when the real conductor, Mr. Webster, approached, the sad discovery was made that the man had been robbed. He returned to the city by the next train to look after the thieves. It is believed they can be identified. L. A. Fond, late of the National Hotel, At lanta, has been bound over to the next Superior Court of Fulton county, on a charge of larceny. Mr. John Kirkpatrick has presented the Pres byterian cliuroh in Decatur with a handsome silver communion service. Workmen are laying the foundation of the Air Line Railroad depot in Atlanta, jost below the West Point Railroad freight depot. On Monday last, Mr. John O. Ragsdale, of DeKalb county, was awarded the premium of $500 offered by H. L Kimball at the late State Fair for the best yield of cotton per acre. The committee made another award daring the fair, bnt Mr. R. appealed and won the prize. The Sophomores of Oglethorpe University will deolaim for prizes to-morrow evening, at the City Hall, Atlanta. We qnote as follows from the Monroe Adver tiser, of Tuesday: Fabsung Opebations.—The planters of Mon roe aro reported behind in their farming opera tions, by reason of the almost incessant rains of the past few weeks. As yet they have been able to do but little plowing, but as the seasons promise better things, they will now put forth active efforts in the preparation of their lands for planting. An “Old Water Dog."—A Swedish sailor passed through town on Saturday, en route for the colony in Jones 'county. A half century ago he oame to this country, and has been for a number of years a “hand” on a Mississippi steamer. A Relic.—We reoeived yesterday a silver quarter, dated 1772. It shows the attrition through wMch it passed en route tor the Adver tiser office. It is “at home” to the curious, after a meandering tour of more than one hun dred years. Peach Blooms.—We have seen peach blooms at several points in this vicinity within the past few days, bnt fear they are too .early to mature, as Jack Frost haa not yet concluded his South ern engagement. PBOCEEDINGS 03? THE riEBT DAY. The Georgia Slate Agricultural Convention assembled at the City Hall at 10 o’clock, and was called to order by President B. O. Yancey. Colonel D. W. Lewis proceeded to call the roll of counties, when something like two hundred delegates responded to the call of their names. The courtesies of the Convention were extended through the President to visiting delegates from other States and also to the clergy of the city. Rev. W. Watkin Hicks opened the Convention with an impressive rendition of the Lord’s Prayer, after which Colonel .Yancey proceeded to addro33 tho Convention in a brief but telling’ speech. He expressed great gratification at seeing be fore Mm such a large assemblage of his fellow- •'citizens on this occasion, and it argued well for the future of the old Empire State. He was proud to see pure men, free from tho contain! nating influences of the giddy whirl jof life, con vene to counsel together for tho weal of their common interests and the country at large, He perhaps should apologize for not having de livered addresses nnd written loiters on the subject which ho had so much, at heart, aud he was glad to know that the Convention had so arranged that essays on subjects of greatest import had been assigned to bo written by cer tain appointed delegates of the Convention. He wa3 proud to note tho awakened interest manifested by the agriculturists of the South as witnessed by tho numerous agricultural organi zations and agricultural fairs throughout the entire country. He knew that it required time' to eradicate errors, but as the constant dripping of water will wear away the hardest rock, so could the errors and follies of the past be rem edied. It behooved every man to work with a determination and a faith in Ms avocation, else success was impossible. He regretted to see a disposition manifested by many farmers to abandon their land3 and move into the cities, thereto try their fortune. But tMs desire on the part of such men he attributed to the fact that they had not the requisite faith in, nor wero they educated to, their avocation. It is our imperative duty to impress upon the minds of the rising generation the very important fact that labor is honorable. Let our children toil at the anvil or delve in the soil, but let us not forget that instructing them to work is the best legacy we can leave them. We are to-day reap ing the bitter fruits of rearing our children to shun labor. The people of Georgia are a high- toned and an enterprising people, and they can succeed if they only will so to do. TMrty thou sand acres of land have been apportioned in Georgia by act of Congress, for special agricul tural purposes, and by jndicions management and suoh aid as the State will grant us, agricul tural colleges will be established wMch will eventually prove a success and a blessing. From such colleges annually will come forth men of scientific attainments, capable of tilling the soil tg profit and advantage. One of onr besetting sins has been extravagance, and un less we discountenance that, and endeavor to correct this growing evil, nothing but poverty awaits ns. These evils are not confined alone to onr sex—bnt woman, God’s best gift to tnan —she who is a consolation in onr hour of sor row and a joy in tho day of our prosperity, aud without whom onr lives would be but dreary wastes—she too must learn lessons of frugality. We must educate our girls as well as our boys to labor, and so rear them that they will pay more attention to their domestlo duties than to the latest styles of millinery. 1 need not speak of the noble and independent calling of the ag riculturist, nor need I point to the nomberless persons whose great ambition, like that of Gin- cinnatus or our own WasMngton, is to retire after the busy turmoil of life to the quiet of a little farm where they can undisturbed pass the remnant of their days in tranquility. After a worthy compliment to the incoming President, and a few parting words to the Ex ecutive Committee, Col. Yanoey then introduced General Alfred H. Colquitt, the present Presi dent of the Association. Gen. Colquitt, in assuming the duties of the office, thanked the Convention for the position unsolicited and undesired on his part, that they had generously conferred upon him. He was aware of the embarrassments and obstacles that SurroundedMm, and in view of such knowledge, had he consulted his own feelings, ho wonld not have accepted the position. The speaker said he was not present for the pnrpose of delivering, os might be expected, a literary address, but appeared simply to give expression to a few plain practical remarks. I only propose giving a common-place planters’ talk abont what we have done, what we are do ing and what we are to do in the f ntaro. There is a gloom and depression in the country as to the past, and dark forebodings concerning the future. Every one I meet brings Ms tale of sorrow, and therefore, lam in no spirit, were I so inclined, to indulge in flowing rhetoric. Is planting a failure? Is fanning a sham? Is onr soil to return nothing for the labor we be stow npon it ? If so l6t us abandon it. But it is not a failure. It can be made remunera tive. It can be made a success if conducted systematically. If we have failed, it is because wohave been thriftless andbecauseof onr want of proper industry aud judicious management. Not unfrequently the first month of a new year is entirely absorbed by the farmer in regulating Ms labor, and looking after the odds and ends with wMchto commence farming operations. Inmany instances notMngcan be found suitable to com mence with, and forthwith the nearest oity is had resource to in order to purchase necessary supplies. Even the plow lines wMch could he made at home at a cost of perhaps fourteen or fifteen cents, are purchased in the city at forty cents a pound; and from that plow-lino through tho whole catalogue of utensils, even to a painted plow-stock and axe handle, tho farmer has to buy. I believe that fertilizers are valuable ad juncts to the farmer who looks to Ms own home fertilizers, and while I do not wish to disparage any of "the many brands on sale, I do say that farm yard manure is belter than all the guanos over made, soluble or insoluble. But the fanner pays no attention to saving manure, allowing it to wash away and enrich fields of fennel and hog weed. Bnt what matters tMs to rich farm- tbe wealthiestpeople on earth, buturwaT"'' miliar acquaintance with ns, and f t0In ner of living, he would conclude that wT*** set of mean misers. Bat whbn inform^ iT* 6 * all this large amount of money we had battJ dollar loft, what would ho be forced tan^ Credit is a good thing to the importer b r a consuming moth to the planter, p **'■ must abandon the present plan of' money at Mgh rates of interest. If yo „ 7*j*l mnle in order to cultivate more land aniT * not the money to purchase the mule’ less land and do without the mule.’ 1 '* farmer abandon the idea that ho is ri'cb ^ about in bis work of retrenchment and ref ^ ^ Let him know he is poor, and let bi* 0 ^ accordingly. In aU tho pursuits of J? farming requires more knowledge *^ 7 ence than most others. Wit, tact and ** aro absolutely essential to success in In days gone by tho successful fannerw mulated wealth through continued labor e? exercise of the strictest economy, andby upon his farm everythin? that ho wonld r{ v? to use on or about his farm; and unless something as did our fathers wo cannot sac J! But I do not yet despair of good results, p years will not have elapsed when we shall ^ 'in convention ana every delegate will wear his face, instead of the frown of grief agi? of joy. No money panic can stay the ap po S order of the seasons. Let ns not forget thatth son, the dew, tho showers that go to fruc*^ th9 earth come down from Heaven, and pZT* may be our condition we should ba thanlfdf the Giver of all good for His manifold benjfii. Hoping to receive assistant from the enn. live body in tho discharge of my dntia and soliciting counsel from each and ei-4 member of the Convention, I again tender' thanks for the honor you havo conferred -^ me. [In justice to General Colqnitt and Col®} Yancey, we would state that tho crowded co-"\ tion of our columns prevented us from givin-t full report of their most timely and eloqna* addresses. We regret that we were forced!) give only meagre outlines.] An invitation was extended tho Convenes, by the Agricultural Society of Bibb and tt> citizens of Macon, to partake of a collation g the Fair Grounds in tho afternoon at 3 o’cbd Mayor Huff, in a very happy effort, welcoatj th9 delegates to the hospitalities of tho C j ; - j whereupon the invitation was unanimously cepted. I Gen. Wm. M. Browne tendered a resolntica inviting the members of the Convention to a!- tend the Memorial Lecture on Gen. Bobt E, Lee, to be delivered at Ralston Hall this era-1 ing by Rev. W. W. Hicks. Adopted. It was moved and seconded that the tharb I of this Convention are due and hereby tenders! to the retiring President who performed tie j arduous duties of Ms position with so mad | fidelity and consistency. A resolution was offered by Col Capers b- I questing the appointment of a committee c! five to arrange the order of business for the Convention. Messrs. Capers, Barnett, Too:, | Browne and Janes, compose the committee. • Mr. Janes offered a resolution organizing 11 committee for the pnrpose of examining into the feasibility of establishing an Agricnltnnl College in Georgia and to suggest a soiUble locality for the same. The committee is com posed of one delegate from each Congress™) J District A resolution was offered by a delegate fros I Clarke county authorizing the organization oil committee of ono from each CongressiomlDis trict whose dnty it shonld be to organic a [ Emigration Land Company. ' It was moved and seconded that the report ol I the retiring Executive Committee be record The Convention then adjourned to convene | again at nine o’clock this morning. I5ome-Maile Fertilizers. Macon, Ga., February 22, IS7L Editors Telegraph and Messenger: The plan of making fertilizers at home i I now attracting much attention, and it is veh | for planters that they look into it. In view of the large amount of cotton «I hand and the facilities for producing it c> I where, an advance in the price can scarcely be [ looked for—and with cotton at 13 eta, fames I will be compelled to entirely discard the use of I manipulated guanos. The price of theso ear I pounds seems to be Mgh, but when the las) I amount of freights, drayage, wharfage, ins-1 ranee, commissions, etc., is taken into corn® | eration, we find that a very moderate amount* I left for the original cost of the fertilizer, | take an article worth, say $05, made in Bate-1 more or New York—the expenses will be: I 10 empty barrels, at 50o. each $ [J I Labor and cooperage — - tj' I Cartage to vessel j, ;, I Freight to Savannah.... ? "| Drayage and wharfage in Savannah * '• Freight to Macon J Drayage Agents commissions, say ... ... 1M ... 5i Total cost of transportation, etc -Wj Leaving as net prioe of the fertilizer out of wMch the manufacturer must of w®* have Ms profit, wMch must i cost of the article to between $25 and p-'- . Now we claim that onr farmers, ■withah"* oare and trouble, can make their owb ferUM» of uniformly better quality than - and for just about the amount which Jfl M shown that they pay out for freights, commissions, eto., on the manipulated cmj pounds. We desire to say to our customer the general publio, that we have “M 0 protected ourselves in the quality of the ie izing chemicals. We sell and guaranie* be the very best. In these articles Ui „ room for great imposition, and farmer 3 be careful of whom they purchase. ration of bones, we claim to bo better tn _ article of the kind in market, heiog oo solved in sulphurio acid and dried wit - charcoal. The ordinary dissolved b0 ...j,- sand drier will not do, as sand is of no v a fertilizer. Look to it that you are bo pg ed on in this partionlar. For onr (ft rather handle the chemicals, bones, pl&?‘ > for no profit at all, than see onr P^r^the;-- munityr go on in the old way of se -^. ? selves out of house and home to buy bil. and Mgh sounding fertilizers, we."* ^ great pleasure in giving all iBformatio Vj gard to this thing, and hope every p* examine into it Yours truly. _ Hunt, Rankin & Lamab, Drr.g^- * Cherry Sheridan, ^ I his I The Shenandoah Babn BubneRj still dining, and wining and dancing through Europe—a magnificent specie^ 11 ^ gaiety, tMs adulation aud tMs!»■■■——< - i his warlike soul has sometimes yearnin^^ bold, vigorous dash at a plague str °^ se f villorrA nw a volnritlnca I village, or a relentless campaign ag: eampment of Fiegan squaws. That scientific gent, Professor oently visited the Massachusetts - * . j, “in the interests of phrenology,” B°d ® ^ ^ see some of the prisoners. The iv “ rdl *'^ for a clear-eyed, smiling fellow, 8 era, when ammonia can bo bought in Baltimore, ZT" , , Bos'on P* 5 ’ ... ... , Radical military bummer. The , and he can buy it on credit and a warehouse ac-v. . .. /. , ,, . - this , : , . . . ,, . . .. has no doubt, though, that in all tnu 1 ceptance, wMch is as good as gold, and for the ’ “ 1 - > nse of wMch money he pays 30 per cent, per annum. What a sad commentary on the farm ing prosperity of this country, when we look into the large wholesale houses in Macon and see the immense quantities of corn and meats store, and still worse is it to know that tMs com and meat is brought here to supply the demands of the farmers. To see the immense train loads of provisions brought to this eity daily, one would think that some benevolent individuals were contributing to the wants of « starving people. I have known of mathematicians figuring as to the great profit of raising cotton instead of com, and at the end of the yeaf their poor mules could be seen looking wistfully through the cracks of the fence. We must stop our calcu lations and go to work manfully. The founda tion of prosperity is to be found in the man who economizes and produces everyttong that can be produced and that he may require on Ms farm. We receive for the four or five million bales of cotton we make two or three hundred millions ef dollars, and a person unacquainted with our true condition would imagine we, were shaped head, and soon Fowler had bj 3 v 0 w!* him. “Well, Mr. Haynes, said..! “you’ve got tMs fellow here once, bu y ^ 1 catch Mm again.” “Perhaps he wi I dom by long experienoj,” the >>ara „ ed: “he Is in here for the seventh time- Rev. Db. Deems, in theoonrse of bj*|‘ r ® ( at the funeral of Alice Cary, said: | j Alice Cary, and women loved hc-r. , man loves a woman, it is of nature, 0 f it® j woman loves a woman, it is of grace that woman mokes by her ° and it is one of the finest things fr0 opfi° , l said of AUon 0 **?> that^she had such friends of her own sex.”