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Cnnatitatioaaliflt fc JUphlir.
by JAMES GARDNER, JR.
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A Child's Wish.
Oh, I long to lie, dear mother,
On the cold and fragrant grass,
With naught but the sky abovo my head,
And the shadowing clouds that pass.
And I want the bright sunshine,
All round about my bed,
I close my eyes and God will think
Your little boy is dead !
Then Christ will send an angol
To take him up to him ;
He will bear me slow and steadily,
Far through the ether dim.
He will gently, gently lay me
Close to the baviour’s side,
And when I’m sure that we’re in heaven,
My eyes I’ll open wile.
And I’ll look among the angels
That stand about the throne,
’Till I find my sister Mary,
For I know she must be one.
And when I find her, mother,
We will go away alone,
And I will tell her how we’re mourned
All the while she has been gone!
0! I Rhali be delighted
To hear her speak again—
Though I know she 11 ne'er return to us, —
• To ask her would be vain.
So I’ll put my arms around her,
And look into her eyes,
And remember all I said to her,
And all her sweet replies.
And then I’ll ask the angel
To take me back to you—
He’ll bear me slov and steadily,
Down through the ether blue.
And vou will think, dear mother ;
I have been out to pie y,
And gone to sleep beneath a tree,
This sultry summer day.
THE &HAI4LR ULJAGF,
[Correspondence of the N. Y. Herald.]
Shaker VII,LA GE. I
Kkw Lebanon. June 2, 1853. )
Property of the Shakers—Their Annual Income —
The S?ed and Herb Business—o ganization of
Labor—Their Ideas of Marriage—Love Among
the Shakers— Decrease of Population, fyc
.The property of this society is all heid in com
mon, the real estate being in the hands of trus
tees, who are appointed by the ministry—the
property being entailed to the use of the society
to all future time. The real estate belonging to
the new Lebanon Society is about eight thousand
acres, situated in this State, and over the line in
Massachusetts. The real estate and all other
property must be worth nearly a million of dol
lars. The property is held by the trustees un
der a special act of the Legislature, which also
provides that no society shall be allowed to make
an annual profit of over $5,000. In 1851. an
attempt was made by parties jealous of the suc
cess of the Shakers to impose more stringent reg
ulations, but the Legislature considering such ac
tion as behind the spirit of the age, not only re
fused to p ss them, but increased the allowed in
come from five to twenty-five thousand dollars
per annum. The Shakers neglect no opportu
nity to purchase land in this vicinity, and on that
account, have created some ill feeling among
their immediate neighbors.
I visited this morning, some of the workshops
of the Society. No people in the world are
more thrifty and industrious, as a body, than are
the Shakers. The men are engaged in farming,
gardening, and horticulture, making tubs, broom
handles, &c.; while the sisters weave with hand
looms most of the cloth used for making outside
garments, making palmleaf hats, baskets, &c.
Their shops are like their houses, models of neat
ness and good order. No littei, no dirt, chips,
or shavings are allowed to rest upon the floors or
benches; but as fast as they are made are re
moved.
At the head of each branch of labor is an over
seer, appointed by the deacons in each family.
He has the general superintendence of that de
partment, and sees that it is properly conducted.
All property being in common, the members
of the society, of course, buy nothing in the way
of clothing ; but it is the duty of the head of the
tailorine department in each family to see that
none of the brethren lack for clothing, of the
shoemaker that they have shoes, and so on ; and
thus everything goes on harmoniously, without
any confusion—the deacons in each family hav
ing the general supervision. They have here a
large tannery, several sawmills.and a blacksmith
shop, where a great deal of work is done. The
great staple products, however are seeds and
medicinal roots and herbs. Several lage gardens,
kept in the most beautiful order, are appropriated
for raising these ; and the Shakers’ roots and
herbs and seeds have acquired a world-wide re
putation. The seeds are put up in little papers,
and then into boxes—about S2O worth in a box.
They have recently received large orders from
California. All labor, from the highest to the
lowest. The elders in the family where I am
stopping have charge of the kitchen garden, and
in pleasant weather are busy in hoeing, planting
and weeding, and in rainy weather in in-door
occupations Bv the report made hv the society
in 1850. the fodowing statistics of property and
products of labor appear, and are interesting, as
they show the results of this combined labor
They have not materially changed since that
time.
Property.- -Horses, 55 : cows, 170 ; oxen, 50;
other cattle. 19i ; sheep, 1,081. Value of live
stock $25,000.
Products —Meal and plaster, $587 ; leather,
$2,500; garden sefds, $5,500; boianical roots
and herbs. $16,500; brooms. $4,850; chairs.s2so;
palm hats, tubs, baskets. &c.. $1,300. This, with
the sale of fruit. &c., will make the annual in
come of the society about 40.000.
It would seem that with the thorough organi
zation of this society much more money would
be made, but it must be remembered that the
Shakers entirely eschew speculation of every
kind, and that all their profits come from actual
manual labor, by wh eb the wealth of the world
is so much increased. They seem more like a
community of bees than of men, and seem to
delight in what others endeavor to get rid of—
manual labor. They do not. however. Work
very hard—about nine or ten hours per day be
ing about the average.
The great distinguishing feature of this sect is
its anti-marriage principles, and the desire to
deaden the affections which naturally spring up
between the sexes, and which are considered by
the Shakers as giving evidence of a carnal,
•worldly nature. All the litt'e gallantries be
tween the sexes are, ot course, forbid.ien, and
the w >men. instead of trying to show their
charms, do tbeir best to hHe them under their
straight gowns, and close muslin caps. It seems
very strange to witness the relations of the sex
es in this community—strange that now, in this
blooming spring-time, the time when the Arca
dian shepherdess were most sweetly wooed by
the shepherd swains, the golden season of love,
when birds are carolling their sweet songs to
their mates—when all nature has put on her
wedding garment—here a community should
exist where youths and maidens meet daily
and hourly, and between whom no love-word
passes, and whose breasts heave no fond sighs
for each other. Why,
Sure the shovel and tonga to each other belongs,
* * * * * * *
And the rabbits and hares together in pairs,
And even the bears in sweet couples agree.
While the mute little fish, though they can’t
speak, they wish,
Och hone widow Macree.
—Strange, too, it is to see a collection like this
of “ families,” in which the sweet voices of little
children give no echoing welcome to the tired
father as he returns from his daily toil,'*r beguile
with their innocent prattle the mother’s hours
of care. No fond wife sympathizes w ith the
husband’s sorrows, no strong man in his strength
folds to his bosom the delicate being whom he
has promised at the holy altar to love and cherish
through life till death. Here the children are
orphaned, and the fond delights which gather
around the hearthstone and the family altar are
unknown.
And then, too, there does seem something no
ble, aomething to be praised, in this degenerate
world, that men and women giving up all the
world love best, home, family, wealth, and
wordly prospects, should live here, free from the
ftrifo and turmoil common lift — live at tha
Essenes did, in accordance with their principles
and faith, a pure and virgin life, dedicated to
God.
This would be a sterile soil one would think
for the kindly, gentle affections to grow in- and
yet even here the “ carnal nature” does at times
assert its power, and remove from the fold some
of the lambs. The glance of a bright eye does
sometimes have its effect upon the congealed
heart and almost deadened worldly affections.—
Last spring two couple, male and female, got an
opportunity to converse together, and projected
a P'an for an elopement. It got wind, however,
and was frustrated; but the brethern finding
that the hearts of these young people were turn
ed to ” worldly things,” carried them away ; and
the same day they pledged their faith to each
other at the altar.
Only last week another case of this descrip
tion orcuired. You must know that in tbeir
houses the males and females have rooms oppo
site each other, and that they are, to a certain
extent, mated, so that each one of the sisters
takes care of the clothing of some one ol the
brethren. This, of course, brings them into a
certain degree of contact; besides this, they have
rather cool conversational meetings the breth
ren sitting in their rooms on one side of the hall,
and the sisters in theirs on the other. One voung
damsel, about nineteen years of age, and who
bad been here since she was an infant, became
enamored of her mate,and during one of their con
versations, expressed to him her desire to leave
the society. He as readily expressed his to help
her. and having left himself, soon found means to
procure her release, and is about leading her to
the hvmenia! altar. Nature, like murder, 4 ’ will
out,” and it requires even stronger hands than
those ot Shakerism to choke it entirely out.
That the Shakers are honest in this matter,
not even tbeir worst enemies will doubt, and in
fact the very existence of tbeir society depend*-
upon this honesty Were they once to break
over this rule, their bond ofunion wou’d be bro
ken, and they would be obliged to separate.
With all this strictness and stiffness, the Shaker
’’sisters” seem mild aud ampule, and really ap
pear actuated by high religious motives.
The population of this village has within the
last fifteen years diminished some two hundred,
and it is said to be weekly decreasing The old
stock is running out. and but lew adults are taken
in. Nearly one-half the present population are
minors, arid most of the smaller children are those
of foreign parentage. Many are taken from the
poor houses, and from drunken and destitute par
ents. Unless the Shakers get up a revival, or
receive, as they are expecting, large accessions
from the ranks of the spiritual rapperites, there
is a sriong probability of tbeii running out be
fore long. Many of their children leave them
when they arrive at years of discretion.
There is among these people every cast of
mind and character. The elders are generally
shrewd and very superior men, and I have
found among the common members some intel
lects of a very high order, and well cultivated
minds. G eof the elders in the family where I
am stopping is a very superior man, who would
do credit to any of the learned professions ; and
one of the members here, a Scotchman, has just
written one of Ihe best practical chemical trea
tises that has ever been published in this coun
try. That many join the society from disap
pointments in life, and a desire to get rid of its
troubles, Ido not doubt; but I believe that most
of them are actuated in it by high religious prin
ciple. Nearly all the civilized nations of the
earth have their representatives here, and among
them are several negroes, who are on a perfect
equality with tbeir white brethren. There is
one here, a German, who was a playmate with
Prince Albert when a boy. Tney are as chari
table and hospitable a people as exist in the
world. They treat strangers and visiters with
great kindness, and the poor wayfarer is never
turned empty from their door. To-day a poor
lot of straggling Germans came along about din
ner time, and their bags were filled with provis
ions by the good Shakers, and they were sent
on their way rejoicing. In my next I shall
give some account of their system of education,
with other matters of interest in this vicinity.
E. G. B.
Bank of Charleston.
At the annua! meeting of the Stockholders of
the Bank of Charleston, South Carolina, held at
the Hall of the Banking House, on the 6th inst..
the Annual Report of A. G. Rose, President of
the institution, was submitted, and from this we
gather facts of importance. to parties holding
Stock, and of interest generally.
The nett profits of the year, deducting current
expenses, amount to ----- $318,643
Out of this have been declared two
semi-annual dividends of 5 per cent,
each, amounting to - - - - - 316,080
Leaving to the credit of the reserved
profits - -- -- -- -- $2,563
From the Cashier’s statement, attached as an
Exhibit to this Report, it appears that the ex
cess of resources over liabilities is $1,430,239
This Report further states, that “ the business
of the year has generally been safe and regular.
With but few exceptions, all obligations held
by the Bank have been punctually paid at their
maturity. In the Foreign Exchange and Dis
count Departments, not a bill or note lies over.
The Exchanges this year have generally yielded
but small returns of profit on the amount of
capital employed in them ; which may mainly
be attributed to the verv great competition,
and consequent equalization of values, in the dif
ferent markets where we are accustomed to
deal.
“ But, we are pleased to find, nevertheless, that
our field of operations has been of sufficient mag
nitude to make up for deficiences in this respect,
and to enable the Bank, out of the earnings, to
realize its usual income. The following sum
mary may furnish some idea of our various trans
actions ; and to what extent facilities have been
afforded by the Bank to its customers and the
community, in supplying the current demands of
trade during the year just ended.
Amount ot Bills and Notes discopnt
ed $14,077,144
Amount of Domestic Exchange pur
chased, . 11,859,436
Amount of Foreign Exchange pur
chased, 3 305,249
Making $29,241,829
Amount of Exchange sold, viz :
In cheecks and credit ; o \
the North and
where, )
'"Franc",” EnSUn ' l ““‘f 2.903,107
Total amount of business transacted, $44,118.909
In the transaction of so large an amount of
business, it will be seen that this institution has
discharged the functions of a most important com
mercial agent, and it is greatly to be hoped that
its existence may be extended beyond the period
at present allowed by its charter.
It has happened to us to know that at one
time almost the entire money circulation and
exchanges of Florida, and the southern portions
of Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi were af
forded by this institution to the extent of money
so in circulation. These States were tributary,
byway of interest, to the State ot South-Caro
lina. This Bank, therefore, has been eminently
serviceable. It has given a circulation and ex
changes to a people who greatlv needed them,
and to a great extent has extended the resources
of the State, and when it is remembered with
what integrity its offices have been managed,
and how efficiently and well it has discharged
its fiscal duties, it can scarcely be doubted but
that its charter will be extended by the Legis
lature.
A letter from a gentleman in Rappahannock
county, Ya., saysl a!n engaged in my har
vest and find the quality ol the wheat excellent,
and the neads much better filled than usual, but
I dare say the crop of the county is shortened
one-third by the fly and joint worm. We have
had no rain since the 25th of May, and our corn
fields are suffering much from drought”— AW
folk Argus, 2d instant. 8 * Aor ‘
Rain ! Rain I—On Monday evening last
about 4 o’clock, rain commenced falling at this
place, and continued until near night. After
night fall also some rain fell, and upon the whole
we have had a very good season. We are glad
to learn that the people in the lower part of the
District have suffered as yet but little for want
of rain.— Anderson (S. C.) Advoatc , 6th inst.
Should poultry breeders continue increasing
the size of their stock at the present rate, the
housekeepers will have occasionally to choose
between a leg of fowl and a leg of mutton ; we
shall have chicken cutlets and capon steaks ; and
as to the “ merry thought,” it will become so
heavy as to be no joke.— Ptmch.
1 From the Federal Union.]
Judge Warner’s Resignation.
Greenville, Ist July, 1853.
Dear Sirln the execution of a purpose, con
templated for some time past, I hereby resign
the office of Judge of the Supreme Court of
Always fond of my profession, the last thirty
years of my life have been almost exclusively
devoted to it, nearly fifteen of which, have been
spent in the service of the State; consequently,
my private interests have been much neglected,
and now absolutely require my personal atten
tion. •
Being well assured that in taking this step,
no other apology will be required on my part,
when it is considered, that the public interest
will suffer no detriment, inasmuch, as my place
can be readily, and much better supplied, from
the distinguished members of the legal profes
sion, in our State.
While it has ever been my earnest endeavor,
to discharge my whole official duty to the peo
ple who have so repeatedly entrusted me there
with : still, the infirmaries of human nature ad
monish me, that it may have been imperfectly
performed, and in retiring from their service, it
is a sonree of regret, that my ability to serve
them, has not been equal to my desire.
In dissolving my official relations with the
people of Georgia that have heretofore existed,
and which, most piobably, will never exist
again, allow me to avail myself of the occasion
through you, to express to them my profound
gratitude for that kind indulgence, uniform sup
port, and unwavering confidence, which they
have ever extended t-o me throughout the entire
period of my public service.
With my best wishes for the welfare and
prosperity ot the whole people of our great and
growing State, in all that apiertains to their
moral, social and political condition, as their
public servant, I M ’hem an affectionate fare
well. Be pleased to accept the assurance of my
regard and esteem, while
I have the honor to be
Most Respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Hiram Warner.
His Excellency,
Howell Cobb,
Milledgeville.
Manufacturing in Clarke County.
Athens and Carke county, despite the pre
dictions of croakers at home and envious com
petitors abroad are going ahead rapidly in the
business of manufacturing and other industrial
pursuits calculated to build up the country.
Within the present year the Steam Manu ac
turing Company, Foundry, and Machine Shop,
were burnt out of “house and home,” and in six
weeks their expensive buildings were rebuilt and
their multifarious business going ahead more
extensively than in the beginning ! For thus
evincing their determination to meet promptly
the expectations of their customers and the pub
lic, the Company and its agents deserve great
credit.
Messrs. Conger, Gove & Wood have, within
the present year, put in operation an extensive
window sash, blind, panel doors, &c., establish
ment in this place, the machinery of which is
driven by steam. We are pleased to learn that
it is doing well.
Col. Wm. A. Carr has completed, or nearly
so, his large saw and merchant mill, just over
the river. We are not advised whether he is
ready to commence grinding, but the saw mill
has been in operation for some time.
A company of capitalists are rebuilding at
Mar’s Hill—we understand that they will short
ly have in operation an extensive Carpet fac
tory.
The Messrs. Surnney and others are about
putting in operation, a couple miles from town,
a Bobbin Factory. We understand the buildings
are up, the machinery here, and that it will be
in full blast shortly.
Mr. John White, proprietor of the Georgia
Factory, is erecting a splendid new and exten
sive Factory at or near the site of the present es
tablishment—the machine for which is on hand,
ready to be put into operation as soon as the
buildine is finished.
In addition to these, we understand an estab
lishment for prints is in contemplation.
The new establishments, together with the
Athens Factory, the Princeton Factory, R. R.
Car Factory, the Watkinsville Steam Leather
Company and Flouring Mills, the Papei Mills,
and other establishments which we have probab
ly failed to enumerate, must give a great im
petus to all kinds of business in and around
Athens, and place the day far distant in the fu
ture, when, according to the croakers, “Athens
must go down.” The truth is, Athens is not go
ing down , and the sooner the croakers go to work
and assist in building it up, the better will it be
for all parties.
The true progress and prosperity of an inland
town is not to be measured alone by the number
of cotton bales and chickens, or the quantity of
corn and butter bought and sold in this market,
but rather by the number and extent of those
industrial establishments which create wealth—
such as factories and workshops. Let our man
ufacturers and mechanics be encouraged then,
and this will give an impetus to all kinds of
business, not only in town, but throughout all
the surrounding country.
Although there are in this town and county,
an unusually large number of manufacturing
establishments, yet there is ample room lor more.
Abundance of water-power and fuel, and a com
paratively cheap market, offer great facilities for
manufacturing, either by steamer water-power;
and we trust the day is rapidly approaching
when every water fall will be enlivened by the
buz of machinery ; and the puffing and snorting
of the steam engine will be heard on every side.
We have thought, and still believe, that this
town is one of the very best locations in the
State—all things considered—for a first-class
flouring establishment The individual or com
pany who will make the experiment, if properly
managed, is bound to succeed.— Athens Herald.
Topping Ootton.
Mr. E. Jinkens, of Horn Pen, Miss., writing
in the Southern Cultivator, says :
Having again tried the experiment of topping
cotton. I herewith give you the result of the
same lor the Cultivator. On the Ist of Au
gust I measured off one acre of land of the same
quality, and the stand as near the same as I
could select on the plantation. I topped, this
year, two rows, and skipped two throughout the
acre, and the result is as follows :
Toppped rows made of seed cotton, 513 lbs.
Rows not topped, 462 “
In favor of topping, 51 “
You will see, Messrs. Editors, that I have
made money this year by the operation, as it
only took three days to top my crop, and I have
made by it 36,720 ibs. of cotton. I will, for the
satisfaction of others, try the experiment for
three years to come, if I live ; and although
the difference may not be so great every year as
I it has proved to be in the year 1852, I will say
t‘at topping cotton in Mississippi is advan
tageous, wet or dry, and verj important in a
wet season. 1 will here say to ‘ those who are
fearful of causing their cotton to sucker in wet
weather from topping, that I have never been
able to see, in twenty years’ experience in farm
ing, that toopped cotton was more subject to
sucker than that not topped. Too much rain on
cotton planted in rich new land, or land highly
manured, will bring out suckers, and as many
on that not topped as on the topped ; at least,
this is the result of my observation in Missis
sippi, the opinions of others to the contrary not
withstanding.
Rain. —On Sunday afternoon, a light shower
of rain fell at this place, and in the vicinity—
the heaviest that has fallen here since the 17th
of April, and yet it wet the parched earth scarce
an inch deep. The District has suffered an
almost unprecedented drought of nearly twelve
weeks duration, unrelieved by even one good
rain. During the last week, the temperature
of the atmosphere has been intensely hot, wilt
ing and withering every form of vegetation—the
thermometer the while ranging from 90 to 97 de
grees in the shade. The corn crop in many
sections, has been irreparably injured ; it is too
far spent to be much benefitted. Cotton looks
tolerably well, considering all things ; though,
it is pushing its fruit on too rapidly. This is re
garded by many farmers as a bad symptom.
We have heard several farmers express a de
termination to abandon partially the cultivation
of corn, so uncertain has this crop become of late
years. There can be no doubt, that the country
depends too much upon this cereal. Wheat,
rye and barley— a n excellent grains for horses,
and other kinds of stock, and all of them more
certain than corn—should be more extensively
cultivated Barleyi Baveryßureproduct The
only object.on to it i 8 that it requires to be pre-
SEiSM* * ÜBe Ntwbery (S. C)
CnnstifutinnnM K liepnliltr.
AUGUSTaTgaT
SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 10.
FOR GOVERNOR,
HON. HERSCHEL V. JOHNSON.
Os Baldwin County.
The Western Mail, due yesterday morn
ing at 3k a. m., did not reach the Post Office,
until 3£ p. m. The cause of the delay was
two run offs, one at Social Circle, and the other
about two miles above Bell Air, No person
was injured.
The Next Legislature.
Some important questions will be brought be
fere the next Legislature for its action, and the
approaching session will be one of unusual
interest.
We shall at present do no more than indicate
what those questions are, deferring discussion of
their merits to another time. It is proper, how
ever, to call popular attention to them, in view
of the selections to be made of candidates for the
Legislature, and the ascertainment of the public
sentiment in reference to them.
Ist. Annual sessions of the Legislature.
We are aware that this proposition is embar
rassed by the unfortunate result of the election
of State Printer, in 1849. For the laws passed
by the Legislature of 1851-2, and the journals
of its proceedings have been published only a
few weeks ago, and are not even yet fully dis
tributed—perhaps will not be ere another Legis
lature is elected, to undo in part what the last
did—to repeal or modify existing laws and make
new ones. Still this does not affect the real
merit= of the question. Such a delay ought
never to have occurred, and cannot reasonably
be expected to occur again.
The necessity of annual sessions has been al
most demonstrated by the operation ot the bien
nial law. Since its enactment, the Legislatures
have either hurried and slurred over the proper
and needful business of legislation, neglecting
much, and doing imperfectly much that it at
tempted ; or they have prolonged their sessions
to near double the time they formerly consumed.
Even in the latter case haste, incompleteness and
crudeness have marked their work in many in
stances.
The leading motive for biennial sessions was
economy. This was laudable and eminently
called for at the time. The finances of the Statei
its liabilities, and the demands on it for large
sums to complete the State Road, prompted and
demanded this policy. But the experiment has
not worked as was expected. The expenses of
one Legislature nearly equal now what two used
to be, and we have got back practically to an
nual sessions. The Legislature of 1849 held
over to 1850, and the Legislature of 1851 held
over to 1852. The Legislature has therefore
been in session in every year of the last four,
and we do not doubt the legislature about to be
elected, will be found in session next year.
This shows that the great and growing State
of Georgia, with its increasing resources, its un
tiring energies, and irrepressible spirit of enter
prise and improvement, has much to counsel
upon, much to devise and provide for; while
there are a thousand local interests and wants in
her wide domain, and her diversified industry, to
be looked after.
2d. Repeal or modification of the present ad
valorem tax law.
This is a subject that will come up for discus
sion.. That there are some—perhaps a consid
erable number of citizens in favor of repeal, will
not be denied. That the law is defective and
unequal in some of its details, and would be the
better for some few amendments, we admit.—
But the ad valorem principle is so indisputably
just and equal, that it addresses itself at once to
tfre judgment and the consciences of the people.
They will not repudiate it for any other princi
ple of taxation.
3d. The abolishment of the Supreme Court.
We deem it unnecessary now to attempt the
vindication of this tribunal from the assaults of
its opponents. The opposition to it does not
look formidable, though it is inveterate. The
people are satisfied with the Court, and if as
sailed in the Legislature, as we expect, it will
be ably and successfully defended.
4th. Sale or lease of the State Road.
The party in the State for the sale of the road,
or a contiolling portion of it, is not large at pre
sent. Nothing but bad judgement and bad
management on the part of the opponents of
that policy, can increase the number or strength
of that party. The great mass of the people are
opposed to the State’s selling her right to, or
parting forever with control of that great work.
But a large number—probably a large majority
are in favor of a lease of the road to existing
Companies, or a Company tq be chartered for
the purpose, for a term of years at a specified
annual rent. The only question is that of time.
It- is a mooted point whether now is a suitable
time to make such a bargain.
sth. Disposal of the net revenues of the State
Road.
This could only be a pracMcal question for the
present in case of a lease ol the road ; for the ne
cessary improvement of the road, and its equip
ment in progress and in contemplation must yet
awhile consume all its net earnings.
But when this question does assume a practi
cal shape, additional importance will attach to
the
6th Question, to which the next Legislature
must give its attention. This is the education
of her poor children. A liberal, thorough and
well endowed system of common schools is call
ed for by every dictate of justice and far seeing
wisdom. What boots it, if in mere physical
enterprizes, and in national wealth, Georgia at
tain and preserve the name of the Empire State
of the South, if the mental and moral culture of
her children be neglected. No wealth is so valua
ble and permanent as that which is heaped up
in the minds and the hearts of a people. No
State can remain permanently prosperous, ad
vance in the march of true progress, and secure
influence and respect among sister States, that,
with abundant means, denies to her poor child
ren—the future voters at her elections—the op
portunite ot learning to read the constitutions of
their State and country, the bible and prayer
book, and to write or read the names on the
tickets they are, hereafter, as citizens, to deposit
in the ballot boxes.
7th. Applications for charters and extension
of State aid to Railroad enterprizes.
Some important questions and much interest
ing discussion will arise under this head. Va
rious charters for Railroads, Plank Roads, and
other enterprizes to be applied for; and from one
section at least, urgent appeals will be made for
State aid, “to complete” as it is called “ the
Railroad system of the State.” We refer to
South-west Georgia, and the interests of Savan
nah connected therewith ; for it is claimed that
every other section of Georgia except the South
west has been greatly benefitted directly or me
diately by the construction, from the common
funds of the whole State, of the State Road, and
that equality calls tor an appropriation in that
direction.
We here only state the proposition. We do
not aim now to affirm or argue it.
Bth. Legislation on the Liquor question.
This involves the whoie subject of the Atlan
ta Temperance movement, on which we have
hitherto expressed our views. It will certainly
be one of the most interesting topics of debate
which will be brought before the legislature.
Ihe question as to the innate justice and pro
priety of the legislation asked, its probable
operation if granted, and the constitutional and
legal difficlties involved, all open a wide field
for discussion.
There is a yet unfinished piece of business ad
journed over from the last session, which it is to
be hoped the next legislature will complete—that
of giving elections to the people. We have long
believed that official patronage could not be placed
in worse hands than those of the legislature, and
that no privilges of that sort, with their attend
ant intrigues and bargaining, should be allowed
to divert them from their only proper and legiti
mate duty of legislation. They who elect the
legislature are quite as competent as their agents
to designate the incumbents of offices, and
have quite as many motives to act judiciously
and conscientiously in the master.
The election of a U. S. Senator, Judges, So
licitors. and State House officers, will make the
party complexion of the next legislature a mat
j ter of great additional interest, and cause the
progress of the canvass in different counties to
; be watched with keen anxiety,
j It is not improbable too, that in case the Dem
: ocratic party obtain the ascendancy in both
branches, it will ungerrymander the Congres
sional Districts which the last legislature ar
ranged in away to give the Whigs the lion’s
share.
Whig Nomination.
The Hon. Chari.es Murphey, the defeated
! aspirant before the Democratic Convention re-
I cently held in the Fourth District, we see by the
Newnan Banner , has been recommended by the
I Whig Convention assembled in that town, as
! the candidate of the Whig party of that District
for Congress. As he will doubtless accept this
recommendation, thus allowing himself to be
made use of by the Whig party, he will thus
forfeit all claim on the Democratic party, and
must look hereaf er to the Whig party for his
political friends and associates.
The Mechanic.
A trial 'as made yesterday afternoon of this
splendid n \v Engine, built by John Agnew,
Philadelphia, for the members of the Second
Division, of the Augusta Independent Fire Com
pany. The trial was a very satisfactory one,
and although not fully manned, threw a side
stream ot two hundred and sixteen feet. This
engine is handsomely finished,and will no doubt
prove a valuable acquisition to our spirited and
energetic Fire Department.
Medical College of the State of South Carolina
We publish this morning the advertisement
of this institution. It is among the oldest (if
not the oldest) Colleges established in the South,
and its Faculty will compare favorably with
that of any similar institution in the Union.
Railfoad Meeting in Sparta.
Sparta, Ga., 4th July, 1853.
A large number of the citizens of Hancock
county met at the Court-house to consider the
j question of aiding in the construction of a Rail
| road from Macon through Millegeville and Spar
ta to Warrenton, or other eligible point on the
Georgia Railroad. Mr. Lane was appointed
Chairman, and Mr. Lewis, Secretary.
Judge Baxter stated, at the request of the
Chairman, the object of the meeting, and also
stated that he considered that the propositions
I made to the Contention of Stockholders of the
: Georgia Railroad, at their last annual meeting,
| by the delegation from this county, of which he
; was a member, were favorably received.
J Col. Campbell, of Milledgeville, who, with
j Mr. Orme. was present, also addressed the meet
ing upon the state of the existing charters under
which we might proceed to work.
Mr. Thomas, of Hancock, also addressed the
meeting at some length, showing by most forci
ble illustrations, the increased value which would
be given to property in the county, particularly
j real estate, by a Rail Road passing through it.
Julge Baxter then offered the following reso
lutions, which were unanimously adopted, viz :
Resolved , That the persons incorporated by
the act of 1837, as the Milledgeville Railroad
Company, be requested to meet and organize at
as early a day as practicable.
Resolved, further, That the people of Hancock
will subscribe a sufficient sum to convey the
route from Macon via Milledgeville and Sparta
to Warrenton, or such other point of intersection
with the Georgia Railroad as the Stockholders
may agree upon; and that subscriptions thus
made, be taken as stock, provided the road is
built; and that a committee of five be appointed
by the chair to take such subscriptions and to
engage the services of a competent Engineer to
make the survey.
j Resolved, further. That this Committee be au
thorized to confer with Committees of other
meetings and companies, and to call a meeting
of the people of the county when they deem it
proper, and to do all other acts which they may
deem necessary to the accomplishment ot the
object in view.
The Committee appointed are, Thos. M Tur
ner, Liritotj S 'tephens Thomas Whaley. Hardy
IC. Culver and E. Cothern On motion, the
Chairman. Mr. Lane, was added,
j Letters were read from Mr. King. President of
the Georgia Railroad, and from Messrs. A. J.
Miller and W. M. D’Antiguac, Directors, ex
pressing opinions fa orable to a Road from War
renton via Spaita arid Milledgeville to Macon.
On motion of Col. Turner, the proceedings
were ordered to be published in the Milledgeville
Macon and Augusta papers.
A. J. Lane, Chairman,
David W. Lewis, Sec’y.
Business at Washington —lt is a fact well
known and admitted at Washington, that the
business in the office of the Auditor of the Post
office Department was in arrears, and involved
in much confusion on the accession of the pres
ent administration. What its condition now is,
may be inferred from the following extract of a
letter from the Baltimore Sun’s correspondent,
dated the 22d inst :
“ By the 20th inst., ten days before the expi
ration of the second quarter of the year, the ac
counts of about all the postmasters in the United
States, upwards of twenty thousand, were re
ceived at the General Postoffice. Each return
was opene*d, the balance recorded, and other ac
tion had thereupon preleminary to its being sent
to the Auditor for settlement. To-day one hun
dred and sixty bags of valueless dead letters
were destroyed by being burnt at “ Monument
Place ” About nine-tenths ot all the money
found in dead letters is now’ restored to its law
ful owners by the department.”
Murphey for Jenkins. —Mr. Murphey,
(says the Newnan Banner,) is out for Mr.
Jenkins, the Whig alias the Conservative candi
date for Governor! This was to be expected
of Mr. M. after the step taken in opposition to
the Democratic nomination. With his support
of Jenkins, and the whig recommendation of him
for Congress, with what he can hope to make
out of his budget of frauds, Mr. M. is destined to
get along but poorly. He cannot expect to suc
ceed—but his case being a desperate one, like
the man having nothing now to lose, he is bound
to make the best of it.
Tlfere was a disgraceful row at Annapolis, on
the 4th, between the excursionists on board the
steamer Powhatan, from Baltimore, and many
of the citizens of Annapolis. Several were
wounded by shot, and it is feared some have been
injured mortally.
We understand (says the Charleston Courier)
that 400 shares of the South Western Railroad
Bank,were sold yesterday by Thomas M. H ume
at private and public sale at from 122 J a 124
a large proportion at the former price.
A law has gone into operation in Rhode Is
land prescribing ten hours as a legal day’s work.
It also forbids the employment of children under
twelve years of age in any manufacturing estab
lishment.
We learn from the Knoxville Register, that
Major Wallace visited Blount county on Satur
day last, and through his exertions a subscription
of fifty thousand dollars in the stock of the
Knoxville and Charleston (Rabun Gap) rail-oad
was taken by private individuals
Our Co'lege goes bravely on. The seeds of a
Railroad to the village are germinating in good
ground, and if only carefully guarded will soon
bring forth good fruit. Huzzah for Cassville !
Won’t some of our brethren of the Press encour
age us by saying so too ?— Cassville Standard.
The Woonsocket Patriot editor makes merry
over the mistake of an old S.banghae hen of his,
that had been “ setting” for five weeks upon—
two round stones and a piece of brick /”— l * Her
anxiety ” quoth he. is no greater than ours to
know what she will hatch. If it proves a brick
yard—that hen is not for sale.”
We learn, (savs the Savannah News,) that
Hon. R M Charlton has been appointed to
deliver the ad 'ress at the commencetnen f of the
Southern and Western Female College, at La
Grange, Geo., on the 20fh inst.
Camwrrriiil.
Savannah, July B.— Cotton. Arrived, since the
30t.h ultimo 320 bales Upland (123 per Railroad,
195 from Augus’a and landings or-the river, and 2
from ftarien,) and 00 do. Sea Islands The ex
ports for the same period amount to 588 oales
Upland" all to New-York—leaving on hand and
on sh'p-board not cleared, a stock of 6 714 bale--
Upland, and 51 do. Sea Islands, against 4 884 hales
Upland, and 34 do. Sea Islands, at the same time
last year.
* Just at the close of our last weekly report the news
by the Africa was telegraphed There had been
no change in the Liverp ol Cotton market, the
quotations for Fair Orloans being 61 and for Fair
Up'ands 6§d. The sales of the week had been
65,000 bal s, of which speculators took 20 000 and
exporters 6 000, Our market has been unusually
quiet and dull. With the thermometer about 90
degrees no one feels disposed to make any active
exertion and there is but a small stock upon which
to operate We have been favored herewith sev
eral refreshing showers, and we hoar that there
have been showers in many other places. We
trust the rain has extended over the entire State as
it will still do much good to the Corn crop, though
in many places the rain comes too late to secure a
decent crop.
The sales of the week amount to 399 bales, as
follows: 75 atßf, 20 at9|, 2at 10, 223 at 10), 15
at 101, and 64 at 10) cents. When we made en
quiry for the state of the market we were informed
that no one would sell for less than last we-k’s
quotations—no one would give more, and hardly
any one would either buy or sell at all. We re
peat the former quotations:
Ordinary to Good Ordinary 8| a 9)
Low Middling 10 a
Good Middling lOf alo|
Middling Fair II a
Fair to Fully Fair 11) a
Sea Tslatuls. —The stock, as will bo seen by our
tables, is very light. We have no transactions to
report this week.
Rice —There is hut little offering. The sales
are about 350 casks at $3 75.
Flour. —Prices remain as before reported. The
transactions have been confined to small lots’ from
store.
Corn. —We have heard of no large sales. The
retail price from store has advanced a little. We
now quote 75 aBO cents per bushel.
Hay. —There io not much of this article on sale
at present. We hear of the sale of 200 bundles
Northern from wharf at $1.12). We quote 1.06 a
$1.12c.
Lime. —There is none in first hands. We
hear of sales ofßockportat $1.37.) to arrive, and
Rockland .$1 50—to arrive.
Bacon. —We hear of the sale of 56 hhds. of Sides
at 8) cents.
Bagging. —There is not much on sale at this
time, but enough for the demand. We quote 11)
a 12 cents.
Rope. —Kentucky in store is held at 8 cents
Small sales have been made from wh&rf at a less
price.
Freights. —There is no vessel up for Liverpool
To New-York sailing vessels are taking Cotton at
SI.OO per bale. The steamers at )c. To Boston
fc. for Cotton, and $125 per cask for Rice. To
Philadelphia 87) cents a bale for Cotton.
Exchange. —Sterling is quoted at 9 a 9) per ct
premium. Domestic.—The Banks are selling Sight
Checks on all Northern cities at ) per cent, pre
mium ; and purchasing Sight Bills at par.; 30 clay
Bills at | a £ per cent, discount; 60 day Bills, 1)
per cent, discount; 90 day Bills, 2 a 2). percent,
discount.
Sljippiltfl Jittflligsm
ARRIVALS FROM CHARLESTON.
Steam ship Marion, Berry New York.
Steam ship Palmetto, Jackson, Baltimore.
Schr. Siam, Durham, Baltimore.
CLEARED FOR CHARLESTON.
Schr. Louisine, Smith, at New York.
Charleston, July 9.—Cleared, Brem. barque
Copernicus, Wieting, Bremen ; schr. Zephyr, By
ers West Indies.
Went to sea. M. L brig Moselle, Hancock, Bal
timore ; schr Energy. Hushes, Boston ; R. L. schr.
Maria Piekup. Shoe, Philadelphia.
Likely Young Negroes at Private Sale.
AT 16 STATE-STR E FT, and Hamburg, S. C.
Consisting of
PLOUGH BOYS,
FELLOWS, NURSES.
SEAMSTRESSES, WASHERS
AND IRONERS. CHAMBER MAIDS, Ac.
We will continue to receive throughou the season
fresh supplies o? Negroes, of every
description, both at our office
in Charleston, and Ham
burg. SPIRES & WILSON,
Brokers and Commission Agents,
No. 16 State-st, Charleston,
feb 5 ts and Front-st. Hamburg, S. C.
Spcciitl Uoticcs.
Masonic Notice.—A Meeting , * ,
of Webb's Lodge No. 166, wi 1
he held on Monday Evening next, at 8
o’clook. w
july 10 E. H. Rogers. Scc’y.
Needle Women’s Belief Society A
•& v. Called Meeti g of the Board of Mana
gers of this Society will take place on Tuesday
Afternoon, July 12th, at the Presbyterian Lec
turo Room, at six o’clock,
july 10 st 2
sty- —Office South Carolina Railroad Com
pany. Augusta, July 9th, 1853.-
Tho Passenger andfMail Trains for Charleston, will
leave this Company’s Local Depot, Centre street,
at 4) A. M., on and after Sunda-, 10th inst.
july 10 W. J Magrath. Agent.
fit* —Office Court Common I’leas.—Augus
ta, July 6th, 1853.—During my ab
sence from the city. Samuel H. Crump, Esq., will
attend to the business of this office.
David L. Roath, Clerk C. C. Pleas.
jhly 3 , 3
The subscriber has at last received a
supply of Dr. Dickson’s Blackberry
Cordial, for Diarrhoea and Dysentery.
Philip A. Moise, Druggist.
See Advertisement. u”y 8
Paid for WOOLLEN, LINER
COTTON and SILK RAGS, by "
E. CAMPFIELD,
jan 20 ts Corner River and Jackson at.
We seldom recommend a manufac
tured medicine, believing that, in
most cases, nature herself perfects a cure more
rapidly and effectually than can be accomplished
by the vegetables and minerals of medical science.
But in the matter o dyspepsia, there are chronic
features about it, which, very often, defy all the ef
forts of nature to create a healthy action of the
digestivo organs, and it not unfrequently hap
pens thatAhousands suffer for years, diseased both
in body and in mind, from indigestion and its kin
dred ills. To such, Holland's German B : tters.
prepared by Dr C. M. Jackson, are truly a most
valuable preparation. It is a tonic medic no, giv
ing a healthy acfiou to the stomach, and will be
found highly servicable at all seasons, but especial
ly during the spring. Dyspepsia can only be cured
by a patient perseverance in one course of treat
ment ; and to all those suffering under this sad mal
ady we would recommend an application to the
depot of Hoofland’s Geiman Bitters, 120 Arch
street, Philadelphia.— Philadelphia Inquirer .
july 9 d6ol
Farrell’s Arabian Liniment
.f his celebrated medicine, skilfulK
composed as it is of the most healing balsam Jand
penetrating oils, can never fail to cure a)mo“t
ry affliction that could be alleviated by an extlr’
nal remedy. Its superiority over all other Lin;
ments is proven by the miraculous cures it perform!'
and by the great and constantly increasino 1’
mand. There has boon sold within the mst"
more than THREE MILLIONS OF
and there can be but few persons found who dA
not bestow upon it the highest praise for the rar«
virtues it p ssesses. Nothing, perhaps, since the
creation of the w rid, has been so i-ucccssful a.-* an
external remedy for all nervous diseases as this
wonderful curative. When applied, it instanta 8
neously diffuses itself through the whole sys-tem'
sooth ng the irritated nerves, allaying the most
intense pains and creating a most delightful sensa
sion. Read the following remarkable cure, which
can be attested to by hundreds who wero fully ac
quainted with the whole circumstance. J
Chronic Enlargement of the Tonsils —My
daughter, when six months old, was taken with a
swelling in the tonsils, which grew larger and lar
gor, till when six years old had great difficulty in
swallowing her food. Every night watch was kept
fearing she would suffocate. The best doctors at!
tended her but could give no relief. I took her to the
most eminent doctors in the East; they said there
was no help for her but to outgrow it. With a Bad
heart I returned home with her, when she became
so much worse that the doctors had to be called in
again ; they decided that the tonsils must be cut
off, as the only means of giving relief. My wife
would not consent to this and she determined to
try y our Liniment, winch gave relief the very first ‘
application, and by a cont nued use she entire
!y recovered. She is now ten yeats old and fle-hy
and healthy as could be desired Your Liniment
is also the best in use for sprains, btuises. cuts
burns, headache, e’e . and it w 11 remove the most
severe pain in a few mutes It also cured caked
adder in my cow in a few days.
George Ford.
Peoria, March 20th 1849.
Look out for Counterfeits. —The public are can
tioned against another counterfeit, which has late,
ly made it appearance, called W. B. Farrell's Ara-
Man Liniment, the most dangerous of all the coun
terfeits. because his having the name of FarreP
nany will buy it in good faith, without the knov!
ledge that a counterfeit exists, and they will, per
laps, only discover their error when the spurious
nixture has wrought its evil effects.
The genuine article is manufactured only by H.
G. Farrell, sole inventor and proprietor, and whole
sale druggist. No 17 Main street, Peoria, Illinois,
•o whom all applications for Agencies must be ad-’
Irossed. Be sure you get it with the letters H. G.
before Farrell’s, thus—H. G. FARRELL’S—and
hissiguature on the wrapper, and all others aro
counterfeits. Sold by
HAVILAND, RISLEY A CO..
, Augusta, Ga.,
and by regularly authorized agents throughout the
United States.
ffF’ Price 25 and 50 cents, and $1 per bottle.
Agents Wanted in every town, village and
hamlet in tho United States, in which one is not
already established. Address H G. Farrell as
ibove, accompanied with good reference as to
character, responsibility, Ac. d&c4 july 6
Premium Dagnerrean Gallery .--The
firm of Tucker & Perkins having
been dissolved by limitation last February, tho un
dersigned will continue t<yjrac»ico the art ofDng
uerreotyping in all its vanous branches, and from
his long practical experience he feels confident of
his ability to please the most fastidious.
The pictures now being taken at this Gallery aro
pronounced by those who are judges, superior in
tone and life-like expression, to any ever before
produced in Augusta. Isaac Tucker.
N. B. Artists purchasing Stock, will please bear
in mind that materials are sold at lower rates than
at any other house this side of New York may 14
Marriage Invitations and Visiting
Cards written by Master Ed. Willis
From Barman’s Illustrated News.—
Acrostic
Mexican Mustang Liniment
Every land has hailed with
Xtacy this preparation whose
Intrinsic merits has introduced its
Curat’ ve powers to the notice of the whole
American people. Rhematism oflong duration:
Neuralgia, with its tortures, have yielded to its
Magical influence; cancers, contorted joints,
Ulcerated and swollen limbs that have
Suffered for years under t e weight of disease.
Turn by its application to suppleness and health.
A remedy of such general usefulness that can re
store
Newness of Action to the diseased nerves, arteries
and ' |
Glands of the human body, is worthy of high
praise.
i
Let the rheumatic, halt, lame and palsied
Invalid examine its qualities, and they will
Not be disappointed. Years of study and
Investigation have enabled the proprietors of the
Mexican Mustang Liniment to furnish a remedy,
Extraordinary in its power over diseases, £ j
No matter of how long standing—sold tub
The agents in all parts of the Union,
july 6 30
D..Gilman, Chemist and Drug.
gist, Pennsylvania Avenue. City of
Washington, Inventor and Sole Proprietor of Gil
uan’s, Instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the
inly instantaneous Hair Dye, which i 3 permanent. 1
Gilman’s Liquid Hair Dye is the only article
now used in this city. Gentlemen who wear whis
kers or moustaches of a gray or reddish hue wish
ing to attend a ball or party, can appear in a suit
of black, by devoting one additional minute at
their toilet, in using the very celebrated article
which heads this notice —Philadelphia Ledger.
This valuable Hair Dye is for salo by Phil- j
ip A. Moise, Druggist, 195 Broad street, under
t e Augusta Hotel,
apr 10 d&c3m
Soda Water.—This delightful and
healthy beverage, with every variety
of the best Syrups, will be furnished from this date
at the Drug Store under tho Augusta Hotel. Tho i
fountains are entirely new, and the public may de
pend upon getting good Soda Water of the purest
qua ity. PHILIP A. MOISE.
may 5 Druggist.
Education.-A singlelady, of experience,
• des res a situation as Teacher in a t*e
n nary or se’ect School She can teach all the
ligber branches of English ai d Music, is a fine
lerformer on the Piano, and s’ngs well : will also , j
give iessons in French and on the Guitar.
The best of reference given by addressing Key
Box 117, Angusta Post Offico tAct.f June 14
Toe Friends ol < 01. WM. ii. ROW*
EN. will support-him for Major Gene
ral of the 4th Division, Georgia Militia, at the
’lection to bo held on the of July, inst The
Division is composed of Wilkes, Lincoln, Elbert,
Madison, Jackson and Franklin counties,
julv 8 dActd
The Bel Air Train will commence
running on Monday, the 27th inst.—
Leaves Augusta at 6) p. m.
juje 25 ts
M ARSHALL HOUSE, Savannah, Ga.
G. Fargo, Proprietor, (late of the U.
8. Hotel, Augusta.) apr 15 ly
Malcorn 11. Jones will be supported |
as a candidate for the House of Repre
sentatives from Burke county in the next Legisla
cure by fjnly 3] Many Voters.
A Card.—The undersigned returns
thanks to bis friends and the public for
their past patronage, and respectfully announces
.hat ho has associated with him Mr. JOSEPH A
3EALS, late of Savannah, and will conduct busi
ness under the name and style of COFFIN <k
3EALS, in all the branches of PAINTING
lamely ; House, Sign and Ornamental PAINT
ING, GILDING; GRAINING; GLAZING, Ac.
JOHN G. COFFIN.
Office in Jackson, corner of Greene street.
The undersigned takes this mode ani
‘IS-*- time to announce to the citizens of Au
gusta and vicinity, that havirg received the best
of tuition from good masters, they are enabled to .'||
furnish work in style equal to that obtained else"
where; such as Military, Civic and Society BAN
NERS ; Designing, Ornamental, Fresco, Pannel
led and Marble WALLS; Plain and Ornamental
SIGNS; SHADES, Ac. JOHN G. COFFIN,
sept 22 ly JOSEPH A. BEALS.
Fresh Congress Wat.r can always be
xj- —had wholesale or retail, at the Drug Li;
Store under the Augusta Hotel
MARINE
INSURANCE.
The subscriber, as Agent of the COLUMBIA 1;
(S. C.) INSURANCE CO . takes Fire and Marino
Risks on the most favorable terms.
J. H ANDERSON, Agent,
j&n 14 ly Mclntosh street.
Professional Notice. —Dr Paul F
Eve, having returned to reside in Au
gusta, offers his services to the community. Ser
vants requiring operations, or special care, can b«
accommodated on his lot. 6m eb .
Ca. RaUroaL Augusta, Geo -’ 21sfc
May, 1853.— 0 n and after Monday,
23d inst., a Passenger Train will l ea^ e 1 “ on '
daily, (Tuesday and Sunday excepted) at c.:3U a. m-,
and Hamburg at 5 p. m.. until further notice,
may 22 G. B. Lythgoe, Gen l_feup-__
> Real the Advertisement of Ajer st
Cherry P octoral -
ments of no ordinary interest to al
as to be afflicted with the difficulties it cures.
