Newspaper Page Text
iUccklu (bcornia tfimstiffeumafet aub Republic
BY JAMES GARDNER, JR.
Al (a STA, GA.
SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 18.
Terms of Subscription.
Daily Taper, per annum,,in advance... $8 00
Tri-Weekly 5 00
Weekly, por,annum in advance 2 00
If paid within the year 2 50
At the end of the year 3 00
05“ The above terms will bo rigidly enforced.
Southern Csalrai Agtlcultural Association
The next Annual Fair ot this Association
will be held in this city, and we hope the ar
rangements that will be made, will give such
general satisfaction, as to insure its continuance
for two or more years. It will be seen by the
proceedings of Council, that the Mayor was au
thorized to offer three thousand dollars for the
Premiums, and four thousand, if necessary, for
the construetion of the buildings. With his
usual promptness in batineas, bis Honor the
Mayor waited oa the Committee last evening,
and we have the satisfaction to inform our read
ers that the propositions made by him were ac
cepted by the Committtee, and that the neces
sary papers have been drawn up and signed.
This we consider one of the best day's business
done by our Council for sometime past,and will
meet with a warm response from all who have
the welfare of the city at heart.
Washington Monument.
The -V.i. i Intelligencer publishes a list of the
amounts received from the Ist to the 16th Nov.
by the National Monument Association, of sub
the monmwent at the election polls.
»lina does not hesitate to hold her annual I meJicaTah
...... ,
Gas Lights.
About nine o'clock on Wednesday evening
the Gas gave out, and our city for the space of an
honr or two was in darkness. There was quite
a brisk movement in the Hotels, Printing Offices,
Restaurants, &c. in ramaging up old lamps
and candlesticks. We understand the failure
was caused by the burning out of some of the re
torts, the contractors for furnishing new ones
having failed to do so, in time. This is the first
occurrence of the kind that has happened since
our gas works have been in operation, and we
are assured it will be the last, as every prepara
tion is now made to furnish a lull supply.
South Carolina Taxes.
The following is an abstract of the tax bill, as
passed by the House of Representatives. Forty
cents, ad valorem, per hundred dollars of lands;
one-half cent per acre on Catawba lands. Sixty
cents on slaves. Two dollars on free negroes.
Ten cents, ad valorem. per hundred dollars of city
lots, lands, and buildings. Sixty cents per hun
dred dollars on factorage, employments, faculties,
professions. Ten cents per hundred dollars ot
amount of sales of goods, wares and merchandise,
deducting therefrom the amount of stock on hand
Ist January, and except also consigned goods sold
and remitted tor. Ten cents on sales of transient
goods. Ten dollars per day for representations,
shows, &c.
Rabun Gap Railroad.
The lower house of the South Carolina Le
gislature has passed, by- a vote of yeas 56, nays
36, the bill chartering the Blue Ridge Railroad,
ft contains a clause authorizing the State to en
dorse the Bonds of the Company to the amount
of $1,250,000. The bill appropriating $1,000,000
as a subscription to the stock of the Road, had
previously failed in Senate. The bill char
tering the Road with the clause above stated,
•we presume will pass the Senate.
gOßurxAßv or Charleston.—George Buist,
Esq., has been elected Ordinary of Charleston
District. His majority over the highest candi
date was 557, and over all 33.
The Athens Herald of the 16th inst. says: The
Georgia Annual Conference of the M. E. Church
South, assembled in this place on yesterday
morning—Bishop Capers presiding. At the
time we go to press, we are not advised of the I
action of this highly respectable ecclesiastical !
bod’.-on any of the important matters which
have been presented for consideration. In our •
next we shil. be able to give some account of
their doings—the stations ot the preachers for I
the ensuing year,a": least, if nothing more.
Damages fob Collision.—ln the case of
Benjamin M. Farrington and wife vs. the New-
York and New Haven Rail Road Company,
which action was brought in the Superior Court
of Ne w-York to recover damages for personal
injuries sustained by Mrs. Farringtou, in conse
quence of a collision between two trains on the
Sth of January last, the jury has awarded the
plaintiffs 53,500.
A Widow advertises in the Boston Trans
cript,that she is very much in want of a husband.
She says she is “20 years of age, rather good
looking, kind disposition, of good education, and
worth $10,000; would like a husband who has
energy and enterprise, and is in every sense of
the word a man, and an honest man, whether
polished or unpolished.”
Mr. Soule and the Cuban Question.
We are requested to state (says the Washing
ton Union,) that there is no foundation for the
report, which lately made its appearance in the
Baltimore Sur. and in the New York Herald, that
the " Hon. Mr. Soule, of Louisiana, whilst on a
visit to Spain in 1846, first sounded the Spanish
government with respect to the purchase of Cu
ba, and by his representations led to the steps ta
ken by Mr. Polk’s administration.” Mr. Boule
went to Spain,for the first time, in the summer
of 1849,0 n professional business. He had no
communication with the Spanish government in
reference to Cuba, either officially or unofficially,
and never made representations that could lead
to a proffer of purchase of that island, either on
the part of Mr. Polk’s administration, which
had then terminated, or on the part of any other
administration.
The Grand Lodge of the State of New York |
have presented to their Sate Grand Master, a ;
silver vase, elegantly wrought, and chased with I
Masonic emblems.
Withdrawal.—The propeller City of Nor- ■
folk is withdrawn from the line between I
Charleston and New York, a more advantageous
offer having been made to her owners to run be
tween New Orleans and Chagres, connecting
with the lines on the Pacific.
-t n, '
as under the new Census she is entitled to sev- !
en. ft is now proposed to elect two more, but j
not till August next—dividing the State for that ,
purpose into two Districts, separated by the Mis
souri river. The next Legislature will doubt- I
less divide the State into seven permanent Dis- j
tricts.
A telegraphic dispatch in the Columbia South-
Carolinian, dated New York the 13th inst.
states that Vice-President King was so indis
posed, as to be unable to attend the Senate.
A late number of the Scientific American
states that the smoke in the factories of large ci
ties in England and Scotland is now consumed,
it having been made a penal offence by act of
Parliament for any factory to allow the smoke
to escape. The smoke is all burned by simple
contrivances of furnaces. A Committee of Gov
ernment first established that the burning of
smoke was perfectly practicable, and Parliament
then enforced the fact.
Crnsus op Carroll County.—We are in
debted toR. M. Fletcher, Esq., tor the following
statement of the census of Carroll County.
Whites, 9129 ; Slaves, 1379; Free persons of
color, 16; making the entire populationJlO,s24-
The Springfield (Mass.) Republican asserts that
a tumor weighing 112 pounds, was taken, after
death, from the body of Hannah Whitr, of Gill,
on the 22d ult. The sack of tumor weighed 174
pounds; the balance being water, on being emp
tied out, filled a common sized wash tub. It had
been in existence for eleven years.
Isaac T. Thayer, Esq., a highly esteemed mer
chant of New York, formerly of Boston, died
suddenly on Thursday, of erysipelas.
Lieut. Wright, of the Topographical Engin
eers, has been appointed to undertake the works
for East Florida, lor which appropriations Were
Inada at the last Session B of Congress.
The Chinese in Cuba.—The first cargo of
Chinese is expected daily in Cuba, where they
are to be let out for a number of years, and un
der the name of coolies these Asiatics will per
form all the offices of slaves, and will stand as
low in the social scale as the swarthy blacks.
Ihe number at present under contract is 6000,
the privilege of which was given a mercantile
house in Havana by the name of Villollo, Ward
rop Ac Co., by whom they were to be imported
Upon its appearing that the speculation would
be profitable, the number was rescinded to half
°f this amount, and the privilege of importing
the other three thousand granted to another
house. An Havana letter says that asjthe traf
fic gives promise of being highly remunerative,
and can be carried on unlike the slave trade
without risk. Queen Christina, the Queen Moth
er in Spain, has succeeded in obtaining a mono
poly in the article of commerce. She designs
importing 100,000 ot these coolies, and her capi
tal, and numerous active agents, are already be
ing devoted to the service. This lady is quite
an,enterprising character. She has shares in
the English copper mines at Santiago de Cuba,
is part owner of the Havana Gas Works, and
her agents are engaged in numberless other
wavs in providing worthy investments for hsr
capital and financial energy.
First Shad or the Season.—The Savannah
Georgian, of the 15th inst says: The first shad
of the season was caught on the Savannah river
and brought to market yesterday by P. Galla
gher. It was sold for $25, the purchasers being
Messis. Hayward & Finch, who shipped it by
i. -
Marg Route to —We learn from
the Baltimore Sun that Postmaster General
Hubbard on Saturday last ordered an important
improvement in the mail service between San-
Antonio. Texas, and Santa Fe, New Mexico, a
distance of 1,030 miles, having directed that the
route be run monthly, each way, in four horse
coaches, leaving each of those places about the
15th of the month. Letters or passengers leaving
New York or Baltimore, on the first of the
month, and going via New Orleans and Port
Lavacca, will hereafter, owing to this arrange
ment, reach Santa Fe (the capital of New Mex
ico) in about six weeks. Captain Skillman,
who has charge of the route, is a gentleman of
unbounded energy, and, by the liberal terms of
the arrangement now made with him, will be
enabled to take with his coaches a sufficient
guard to protect his mails and passengers from
any of the copper-skins that may choose to cross
his track.
Savannah and Pensacola Road. —We are
glad to learn (says the Savannah Republican)
from Dr. Screven and Mr. Roberts, that the pri
vate subscriptions to this impoitant enterprise ■
have reached something over $195,000. And
this, too, notwithstanding they have canvassed |
only a portion of the city. Never has any work I
been undertaken which received so universal a
sanction. Those who have been called on have
responded handsomely, almost without a single |
exception, and we doubt not, those hereafter to
be called on, will do likewise.
Cholera at Norfolk.—The New York Ex
press states that a letter has been received, sta
ting that there have been several cases of chole
ra in the vicinity of Norfolk during the last few
days. Mr. Foster, the harbor master died yes
terday, making some lour or five cases within a
fortnight. The Norfoik papers say nothing
about the subject, and the above must betaken
cum grano.
Work for tho Month.
Under the above heading our Agricultural co- ■
temporaries are accustomed to specify to their
readers, the various duties of the husbandman
for the thirty days therein embraced. There
are some things which we might very appro- !
priately refer to as included in the work for the
month ending the 31st. Some of our subscribers
have promptly complied with our advance terms
—such we shall exclude from our present re- ]
marxs, others have suffered a year to pass, j
ami six months of another y*-ar, writh-oat'-sayin*
Turkey to us once.” Now, the present month is i
a most opportune time to settle up this little
matter of conscience vs. the Printer. The pre
sent year has been one of great plenty. Cotton
commands a fine remunerating price—money is
abundant; and the man who can lay his hand
upon a contented heart, or his head upon a pil
low unfrequented by bad dreams, and is indeb
ted to the Printer for the pitiful sum of three or
four dollars, is most certainly afflicted with a
treacherous memory or very bad principles:—
There is a class of subscribers to newspapers
who should perhaps be excluded from any very
] barshlstrictures-those who put off,and put offpay
; merit, disliking to be troubled with the payment
' of such small sums — they must wait until a Ten
or a Twenty will cover the arrearages. All this
I may be well meant; but in a Printing office it
; is essential that these small sums should be com
ing in costantly—otherwise the heavy expen
: dituresofan office cannot be met. These small
sums make up the hundreds just as the small
streams do the mighty Rivers; and it would be
I every whit as sensible, to expect the Mississip-
I pi to maintain its vast volume of water without
] the constant aid of hundreds smaller streams that
feed it, as to expect the Printer to get out a hand
■ some paper filled with good reading without the
small sums which every subseriber is expected to
] contribute. We think that as there is so little
this month to occupy the Planter’s mind, he
! might find employment for the present, in re
i newing his intercourse with the Printer. — Fed-
I eral Union.
The Funeral Ceremonies atNewOrlbaxs. ,
—The New Orleans papers of Friday evening ;
are filled with accounts of the imposing ceremo- i
Dies in honor of Clay, Calhoun and Webst r
observed in that city the day previous From
these we conclude that the pageant exceeded in
universality and splendor, anything of the kind
hitherto ever attempted in that city.
Valuable Plantation Sold.
We understand that the Rowell Plantation
on the Savannah river, shven miles below Au
gusta, containing seventeen hundred and two
acres, was sold by Judge Holt, a few days ago, to
Col. Turner Clanton, for forty thousand dollars,
payable on the first of January.
We have been requested to state by Mr.
Wm. Haines, that he is not a candinate for the
office of J ustice of the Inferior Court of this
''" ' ~
The Augusta Bridge.
The Columbia correspondent of the Charles
ton Courier, writing under date of 15th inst says:
—■“ The Senate had stricken out from the Road
Bill the section reinvesting the Charter of the
Augusta Bridge in the Town Council of Augus
ta—the House inserted and refuse, to strike
out, and so the matter stands yet.”
The Brooklyn Navy Yard has nine large Gov
i eminent vessels moored in there, forming in full
I or part three distinct expeditions,—Africa, Ja
i pan,and the China seas.
U. S. steamer Saranac arrived at Para, Brazil,
■ on the 26th of October, in 20 days from Philadel
phia, making HO miles da’ly without sails.
: Edwin Wilbur, heretofore a respectable yonng
I man, has been convicted of forgery in New
i York, asd sentenced to the State prison four
I years and ten months.
| A Mrs. Dakin, in London, whose house com
; manded a fine view of the funeral procession in
j honor of the Duke of Wellington, let the upper
part of it for one thousand guineas.
I The Union Club of Now York arc about to
! erect a new and splendid club house, and have
i commenced the raising of ? 100,000 for that pur
pOß
During the year ending October Ist the re
cieptsof the Danville (Va.) Railroad Company
were 3380,981.
The cholera has re-appeared in the’[Lunatic
Asylum at Toronto. There were two deaths
on Friday. There is no cholera in the cityl
Within the last two weeks, some twenty lo
comotives have been shipped from Buffalo for the
different Western Railroads.
John X. Jones, for 19 years foreman at the
Novelty Iron Works, New York, committed sui
cide at Reading, Pa., last week.
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MOI VJNG, DECEMBER 22, 1852.
] From the Baltimore Sun.]
Annual Report of tho Secretary of th. Navy.
The annual report of the Hen. John P. Ken
nedy. Secretary of the Navy, occupying 11} col
umns ot the National Intelligencer, gives a lucid
and interesting account of everything pertaining
to that important branch of the public service,
and suggests many reforms and changes. It ne
cessarily contains, however, many statements
and facts, in detail, which have appeared from
tune to time, in the coulmns of the Sun, in an
abridged form, during the year, and we therefore
limit ourselves to such an abstract of its contents
as suggest changes and improvements in the ser
vice.
After narrating the late and present disposi
tion of the six squadrons into which our naval
force is now divided, the vessels which compose
them, and the progress made in preparing the
various vessels for service, the Secretary suggests
that the time has come for Congress to inquire
into the necessity for continuing the African
squadron, and he thinks that the slave traffic is
now so much reduced that a few small vessels
added to the Brazilian squadion may be sufficient
to suppress it.
I'he Japan expedition, and the invaluable ben
efits likely to result to the commercial world
therefore, are referred to at considerable length ;
but nothing not already known is mentioned.
The expedition for the exploration of the China
seas, the North Pacific and Bhering’s Straits,
under Com. Ringgold, is also noticed, and the
Secretaiy says that, in view of the arduous and
long service required, he has put the sloop of war
Vincennes, propeller John Hancock, the brig
Porpoise and a pilot boat upon that squadron.—
The expedition is to be well supplied with sci
entific officers.
The Secretary next refers to the exploration
of a portion of Africa lying east of Liberia, to
the importance of which his attention had been
called by the Pennsylvania Colonization Society.
With a view to preparing the way for such
has attached Commander Lynch to the Ailicau
Squadron, with instructions having in view the
ascertainment of such localities on ilia coast as
may offer the greatest facilities for penetrating
the interior. The steamer Vixen is to be sent to
the African coast to aid in commander Lynch’s
operations.
The expidition to explore the waters of the
Uruguay and La Plata, lately opened to com
merce, is the next subject considered. It will
consist of the steamer Water Witch,with a com
plete outfit of boats, &c., under command of
Lieut. Page, who will depart as soon as the
steamer is ready for service.
The return of Lieut. Hernden from an explo
ration of the valley of the Amazon, is next no
ticed, and he is said to have accomplished his
duty thoroughly and obtained much valuable in
formation. Lieut. Gibbon, who took a different
route, has not yet returned.
The services of the brig Dolphin, in ascertain
ing the location of rocks and shoals between this
country and Europe, are favorably spoken of.—
She has been despatebe 1 on a second expedition
of the same kind, under Lieut. Berryman.
The Secretary nexts speaks of Lady Frank
lin’s new effort, aided by Henry Grinnell and
Mr. George Peabody, to discover Sir John Frank
lin. She has asked the co-operation of Passed
Assistant Surgeon Kane, and permission has been
given to him by an order which puts him on spe
cial service. The Secretary recommends that
Congress should provide any means that may be
necessary for the prosecution ot scientific discov
ery in connection with Dr. Kane’s duty.
The Naval Academy at Annapolis is the sub
ject of some extended favorable remarks. It is
considered an institution worthy the highest re
gard of Congress. The Secretary proposes that
hereafter the Academy shall consist exclusively j
of cadets of young men who are received as can- |
didates for admission to the navy; that the num- i
ber be limited for the present to 216; one-fourth
or 68 to be nominated at the commencement of
each yearly term, and to constitute the first or
lowest class in the school—s7 of these to be nom
inated by Congress and sby the President. Va
cancies to be supplied by Congress and the Pres
ident. Taking the experience of the West Point
Academy as a guide, the number of graduates
would not exceed from twenty-five to thirty.
The Secretary also proposes that the corps of
midshipmen shall consist of 250; to be assigned
for service on ship-board, and after six months
a‘ sea, upon examination and approval by
a competent board, to be entitled to a midship
men’s warrant dating at their graduation from
the school. After three year’s service at sea,
they shall be, upon examination, noted for pro
motion to a new grade to be called ‘’masters.*
The grade of “passed-midshipmen” to be abol
ished as soon as the gradual promotion ot the i
corps will allow. The grade of masters to con- ,
sist of one hundred, to be at once filled by the ]
appointment of so many passed-midshipmen.— '
The change, the Secretary suggests, would effect I
a reduction of one hundred and fourteen officers, I
and increase the ratio of promotion to the corps I
of lieutenant*. . _ j
The or'-'i intron of a Hyd'.“ogMphicat r-orps .
next recommended, to consist of 30 masters. 30 i
lieutenants, 15 commanders and 5 captains, to be
especially educated for scientific service, inde
pendent and separate from the regular naval ser
vice. It should be built up from material furnish
ed by the Naval Academy. The Secretary dis- i
cusses and argues in favor of his new corps at]
some length. In connection with the other pro- I
positions, he says that it will afford the annual ■
appointment of 62 candidates for the navy ; will ]
give permanency and efficiency to the Academy;
will quicken promotion ; will establish a valua
ble corps of scientific officers &c.
Com. Stribling, who has charge of the Acade
my, is mentioned in commendatory terms, as are
also all the other officers ; and the necessary ap
propriations are urged to complete the buildings
and purchase the requisite grounds for the insti
tution.
The abolition of corporeal punishment in the
navy, and the neglect ot Congress to provide a
substitute, the Secretary says, has caused increas
ed insubordination on almost every eruise, more
frequent court martial, and great demoralization
of men and officers. The most frequent com
plaints against it, it is alleged, are from the sea
men themselves. In connection with this, he
proposes a new system for organizing a body of
efficient seamen, the details of which are as fol
lows :
“ That every commanding officer of a squad
ron, or of a single ship, when not with a squad
ron, shall, on his return from a regular cruise, re
port to the Navy Department, in the muster roll
of the men under his command, a statement of
the good or bad general deportment of each man,
with a special designation of those whose con
duct has merited that degree of approbation
which shall entitle them to be admitted into the
navy.
“ That this report be submitted by the Depart
ment to the President, who shall thereupon issue
a general order to admit into the navy the sea
men who have been distinguished in the report
for good conduct. And the President shall trans
mit with this order to the commanding officer
of the squadron or ship, a certificate to each sea
man, written on parchment and stamped with
the signature of the President himself, expressing
his approbation of his conduct, and his permis
sion to admit the subject of it into the navy,
which certificates shall be delivered by the com
manding officer of the squadron or ship, to the
men entitled to them, before they are discharged
from the ship ; this delivery to be made in the
presense of the crews, and with nuitable formali
ty, to attract public notice.
“ That each seaman to whem this certificate
shall be awarded, shall, if he accept it, register
his name in a book to be provided for that pur
pose, and kept on board of the ship, by which
register he shall become a registered seaman of
the navy of the United States, and be entitled to
all the privileges, and be bound to all the obliga
tions of that character. This registery book shall
be transmitted to the Navy Department, where
it shall be preserved, and the entries made in it
copfod-into-a general registry aTphaGeHcally ar
ranged, and kept in the Department.
“ The obligations occurred by every seaman
who signs the register, shall be those of faithful
service and due performance of all seamanlike
duty under the flag of the United States, good
moral deportment and prompt obedience to all
orders that may be issued by his lawtful superi
ors, so long as he shall continue to be a member
of the navy. The privileges attached to this
registry shall be—
“ 1. For every five years of actual duty on
board a public vessel, an increase of o»e dollar a
month over and above the established rates of
ordinary pay. This additional monthly pay, ao
earned by service, to be paid to each man so
long as he may continue to be a registered sea
man of the navy ; and after twenty years of
service, to be paid whether be continues a regis
tered seaman or not. The right to this addition
al pay to be liable to forfeiture at any time with
in the twenty years actual service, by the resig
nation of any seaman on the registry, or by his
being struck off the list of registered seamen,
which may be done at any time, and shall only
be done by the order ot the Secietary of the
Navy, or by the sentence of a Naval Court Mar
tial, upon the charges of misconduct; in either
of which events, resignation or discharge by sen
tence of the Secietary of the Navy, or of a Court
Martial, he shall cease to belong to the navy,
and shall lose all the privileges of such a char
acter.
“2. Every registered seaman to be entitled to
resign his post in the navy at any time after
three years’ service, if not engaged on a cruise.
When engaged on a cruise, and alisent from the
ports of the United States, he shall not resign
without the consent of the commanding officer
of his ship. A record of all resignations to be
duly kept and reported to the department. A
registered seaman of more than twenty years
service, continuing in the navy, only to forfeit
his additional pay when such forfeiture shall be
adjudged by a Court Martial as a punishment for
grossly immoral or insubordinate conduct. By
such sentence, also, for such offences, his addi
tional pay may be suspended by a court for such
time as they may adjudge.
“3. No registered seaman of the navy to be
subject to any corporeal or other punishment of
a degrading character, and to such only as may
be ordered by a court martial on charges duly
preferred and tried. This prohibition not to pre-
vent the punishment without a court inertia
such minor delinquences in conduct ! ' n< ‘ . ’,7
line as may be corrected by withholding W
usual indulgences of the service, stopping pop,,
tions of the ration, or increasing ordinary "’’Jg
“4. Every registered seaman to be entitiea
after any term of three years’ sea service W »
furlough of such reasonable length as may en
able him to make one or two voyages m tne
merchant marine notextending without special .
peimission to more than six months ; such fur
lough to be granted by the commanding officer
of the squadron, or the commandant of the navy
yard nearest to the poit at which his craiiW
may be terminated, and only to be granted in
any case, with an express reservation andlM>
tice, that the seaman to whom it is given snail
report for duty in the navy, when any public
emergency shall render it necessary so to druet
him ; the order for return to duty to be issued by
the Navy Department, or by such officer as may
be authorized by the Department to do so. A
failure to report, in accordances with this provi
sion, to render hirp liable to be struck off the re
gistry by the Secretary of the Navy. Every
registered seaman reporting for duty within i
three months ot his last cruise, and being there
upon ordered to duty, to be entitled to pay from I
the date of termination of bis last cruise. AH I
furloughs to be regularly reported and noted at ■
the Navy Department.
“ 5. Every registered seaman to be entitled to |
wear on his dress some appropaiate badge by
which he may be distinguished and known in
the navy, which badge will be designated and j
provided by the Navy Department.
“ 6. The petty officers of each ship to be se- ]
lected, as far as convenient, from the class of re
gistered seamen, and the appointment always to
be regarded as dependant upon the merit ana j
good character of the person selected, to be held, j
on good behavior, during the term of a cruise. I
“ 7. A record to be kept, under the direction
of every commanding officer of a squadron or I
command. This record to be returned to rffi*
department at the end of every cruise, and to be
transferred to the general registry of seamen.—
Upon the evidence of this general registry the
additional pay to be granted.
“8. Every seaman to be admonished to give
his true name, age aud place of birth upon sign
ing the registry ; and to be required to engage
not to ship in merchant or other vessels, whilst
on furlough, by any other name. His being con
victed of violating this engagement So render
him liable to be struck from the list of registered
seamen, upon the order of the Secretary of the
Navy.
“9. In every case of dismissal from the ser
vice as a registered seaman, the party so dismiss
ed to receive whatever moneys may be due to
him, unless the same shall have been forfeited by
the sentence of a court martial, imposed as a
punishment for an offence committed by him.—
A seaman dismissed from the registry not to be
entitled to be restored but upon the permission
of the head of the Navy Department, granted in
consideration of the meritorious character of the
applicant.
“ 10. Seamen, ordinary seamen, and lands
men, in the service not belonging to the regis
try, to be subject to such discipline, duty, and
penalties as Congress may provide, in a code of
regulations adapted to their government, under
such restrictions or modifications as the Depart
ment may think proper to make.
“ 11. A printed book or circular to be made
by the Department containing all the regula
tions and conditions relating to the establish
ment of registered seamen, giving a full descrip
tion of the obligations to be contracted by them,
and of the privileges to which they may be en
titled. Copies of this book or circulars to be
furnished to every squadron or single vessel inf
commission, of which copiss one shall be given
to every seamen, in order that he may be fully
informed of the nature of the engagements to
be incurred by him on entering the service of
United States, These regulations to be be read
and explained to the several crews, and, as far as
may be necessary, to every seamen before he
signs the registry.
“ 12. The Department to be authorised to
make, alter, and modify all rules and regula
tions, so far as it may be found expedient, &c.
“ 13. A limited number of boys to be receiv
ed into, the navy, upon obligations contracted ac
cording to law, to serve until they arrive at the
age of twenty-one years. Their number, the
quota, to be allowed to each vessel, and all need
ful and proper rules for their government and du
ties, to be regulated by the orders of Navy De
partment.”
An increase of the navy is strongly recom
mended, in view of our extended possessions on
the Pacific, where we are now without a single
public steamship. On the Atlantic our naval
steamers likewise require to be increased. .He
recommends the building of three first crass
screw propeller frigates, and the same number of
propellerisloops of war. To these might be ad
ded, with advantage, a few smaller steamers
adapted to qihek diepatcK and
The establishment of one,or mofejfactoiies iorlß®
construction of machinery, &c., for steamers, is
urged, and he advises that, byway of experi
ment, one of the mail steamers, built with the
understanding that they were capable of being,
fitted for war service, should be equipped with
; the proper armament.
I Provision for the increase of the number of
I seamen, now limited to 7,500, is recommended
—the present number being insufficient for the
| navy as now organised. The wages of seamea
: must also be increased. An increase of the ma-’
rine corps and of the corps of pursers, together
. with the establishment of a new corps of assi=-
j tant pursers, are recommended. The establish
| ment of a retired list, the recognition of the of
fice es Commodore, and the creation of at least
two Rear Admirals are again recommended.
The Naval Asylum at Philadelphia is well'
conducted, but it is suggested that it would be
well to remove it to Annapolis or Norfolk, away
from the temptations of a large city. The Na
val Observatory is highly commended, and Con
gress is referred for further particular to an ac
companying letterof Lieut. Maury. The obser
vations cf Lt. Gillis in Chili, and the experi
i ments of Prof. Espy are spoken of as deserving
!of much praise. It is recommended as an act of
justice that those officers, seamen, and marines,
I and those of the revenue service, who served on
j the coast of California and Mexico, during the
war previous to September 28, 1850, should re
ceive the same increased pay as has been al
lowed those who served subsequently to that
1 period.
I The Secretary, in conclusiop, estimates the
sum necessary for the suppport of the Navy for
the year ending June 30th, 1854, at $11,501,-
593 67; of which $4,031,921 98 will be for spe
cial objects. The amount drawn from the
Treasury dury during the year ending June
30, 1852, was, after deducting repayments,
.$8,913,118 72, of which $2,656,068 84 was for
special objects. The unexpended balance of
appropriations on the 30th of June, 1852, was
$3,119,644 60; all ot which, however, will be
wanted for obligations to come due.
(Fzom the Baltimore Sun )
Annual Report of the Fost-Master General.
The annual report of the Hon. S. D. Hubbard,
Post-Master General, contains a variety of sta
tistic, much of which is embraced in the report
of the Auditor, published yesterday. We give
the following abstract:
At the close of the fiscal year, ending June
30th, 1852, the number ot postoffices in the Uni
i ted States, was 20,901 ; post-masters appointed
during that year 6,255, of which 3,726 were to
fill vacancies caused by resignations, 246 on
change of sites, 309 by removals, and 1,719 on
establishment of news offices. There were 1,719
postoffices established, and 614 discontinued du
ring the year.
From the end of the fiscal year to November
I, 1852, 526 postoffices have been established,
and 236 discontinued, so that the whole number
in operation at the latter date was -
its close there was in operation in the United
States 6.711 mail routes, their aggregate length
being 214,284 miles, and employing 5,266 con
tractors. Annual transportation of the mails on
these routes 58,985,728 miles, at on annual cost
of $3,939,971, being about 6 7-10 cents per mile ;
11, miles were performed on railroads, at
a cost ot $1,275,520, being about 11J cents per
mile; 6.353,409 miles in steamboats, at a coast
of $505,815, being about 8 cents per mile; 20,-
698,030 miles in coaches, at a cost of $1,128,986,
being about 5i cents per mile; and 20,850,621
miles in inodes not specified at a cost of $1,029,-
650, being about 4 9-10 cents per mile.
The inland service show an increase over the
preceding year of 17,994 miles in mail routes ■
of 5,713,476 miles of annual transportation and
of $518,217 in the annual cost, the railroad ser
vice being increased 2,514,061 miles at an in
creased cost of $290,501, and the steamboat ser
vice to 898,427 miles, at an increased cost of
$50,923.
There were six foreign mail routes in opera
tion on the 30th of June, of the aggegate length
of 18,340 miles—annual transportation 652,406
miles. On three of the routes the annual trans
portation is estimated at 200,592 miles, at a cost
of $400,000, being about $1 86 per mile on the
other three routes. The annual transportion is
estimated at 458,934 miles, at an annual cost of
$1,496,250, (including the additional compensa
tion voted to the Colins line at the last session
of Congress,) being about $3 26 per mile. The
cost of ocean steamer service for the year 1858
was $1,896,250 ; for 1851, $1,023 250.
The annual cost of conveying the mails across
the Isthmus of Panama is uncertain as it de
on their weight—the cost for the last
yeai, at 22 cents per pound, the prices paid, vvas
$48,039. It is estimated that lor a large portion
of the contents of these mails, (being printed
matter,) the amount received in postage under
the Act of August 31st, 1852, does not exceed
five cents a pound in payment of the whole
transportation from the point of mailing to that
of deliver. The temporary arrangements with
the Panama railroad is still in operation. The
completion of the road, it is expected, will remedy
many defects in the transportion of the mails to
and from California.
The gross receipts of the Department forthe
year ending June 30th, were $6,925,971 28
But of this only $4,226,792 90 were from letter,'
fjp 6B anJ stamps, and $789,246 36 from
, J/T* l l’*l’ crH 1,n, l periodicals. The receipts from
’ • wer e less by $1,388,334 43 than those
’ •fil . pre . cee,i "'" year, being a decrease of 22
I tlE* r' SltlCe t ' le new law took effect. Still
' j jHfOW'toaster General does not desire a return
i °MB|her rates.
MF? BXpenditures of the Department for the
I ‘ S<a year We,e $7-108,159 04; those for" I
■rtW e^ eilt y« Br are estimated at $8,7 15,777 29. I
"Mytmiated receipts, including $1,200,000 ap- i
I f ® re $7,417,790 83; leaving a de- <
i - I
I |. l siiL® , P lo l’ r ' A l |l) i 1 ' A still larger appropriation t
|WSBB>Wquii'ed for the next year.
f . JF letter envelopes will soon be ready lor I
M. principal postoffiees. The cornple- I
1 • riniiugtoii and Manchester rail- I
IM *‘®uri"j I lie Hext year, it i< expected, will |
l the transmission of the Southern mails. ;
serviwhciween New York and Wash- ’.
though much improved; is still defective -
I ' ll " da lila ’'rifu.i‘ory. I'he endeavors of the de- 1
i l ' i, 'JUt t°_ improve this service has been ten- ‘
by a want of unity among the |
i, interested in the line,and the i
on the part of the com- <
between Philadelphia and New
I of Congress is invoked to re- ;
■ nijeeyVfe melter. i
I? relating to inland mail routes ;
Bored the repeal of the law giving <
liageffe SI,OOO per year recommended, 1
®s to allow the Department to gra- !
Be salaries according to service.
rate port ? refers to the. application of the I
twill Bremen line of steamers for increased
! o« the ‘.ground that while the Collins line 1
rece.yejjJO.GOO a trip, they get but $12,500 a <
trip fev re liue and $16,666 for the Bre- ]
A3~S.n iiuliicemi-nt lor this increa-e i
I ,“fey sliow that, in addition to their hav- I
I IwPtfe'yffhhait mail service *.ii efficiently as <
j iJiftP] bifexpected with the limited means al- I
®xpoils from Germany to this
fiMUiißCLits-iwsceod since iheT-tomiiieiiced
uiurwi!
nunffirff'jAwnigraiits is increasing, and the gross i
sum '■» hiiffr they at present bring to this country
amounts to 15,000,000 annually. I
Seißrf postal conventions with foreign coun- l
tries are noticed, and the report then proceeds t
to eojsidir the necessity for increased comtnis- i
sionSjto /lost-masters on account of the increas
ed labor under the new law. The following is
reconi mended for an office collecting postages to
the amount of $3,000 :
Allow oa SIOO, 50 per ct. cornm’n, SSO 00 (
200,40 “ “ 120 00
“ 2,000,33} “ “ 666 66
“ 600,12} “ •' 75 00
-stir-also recommended that a post-master
should be entitled to a small'compensation, say ,
to the amount of two mills, (or about 2} cents
per quarter for a weekly paper,) for delivering
from hii office, to a subscriber, each newspaper
not now chargeable with postage.
The recommendation, made last year, to ex
tend the west wing of the building occupied by
the Pcstoffice Department, is renewed, and the
propriety of warming the establishment by
means of steam pipes, is suggested.
An ajipropriation for carrying the mails be
tween Washington and Richmond, so as to al
low oi keeping navigation open with ice-boats,
is recommended.
The report concludes by expressing thanks to
Mr. Hall, late Post-master General, for his aid
in making out the annual report, and to the As
sistant Post-master General, the chief clerk, and
the other clerks of the Department, for their in
dustry and attention to their laborious duties.
[From the Baltimore Sun.]
Facts fbom the Census.—Many of the par
tieulars in the report to Congress of Mr. J. C.
Kennedy, superintendent of ths census, have
been heretofore given in some way in our col- ;
umiis. We. therefore, now glean only the most
interesting facts, as follow :
The Po/iulatign of the United States has in
created 337 per cent, during the last fifty years.
In that same period the population of France has .
increased but about 30 per cent. The population
of the United States is npw increasing at the
rate of about three per cent, per annum, whilst
that of all Europe (we infer from the Secretary’s
partial statistics) is increasing at about the rate
of one per cent, per annum.
Immigration has not swelled our population to
any’ such extent as has generally been supposed.
The census returns indicate that, of our
four millions of people, only two millions and a
quarter,or less than ten per cent., were born in
Europe—or, in round numbers, one million in
Ireland, hajf a million in Germany, a quarter of
a million in England, one hundred thousand in
Scotland and Wales, half as many in France,
oneiuhdred and fifty thousand in Canada, and
one •hundred thousand in all other countries.
' Thejcensus-takers probably did not obtain com
plctd lists of the nativity of all born out of the
,cblinfcy-»-their inquiries may have been misun-
iuiv extent, ur imperlectly answe-r
--insiders’ three ntill’ot.; a
libeiai estimate for the foreign-born population !
of our country, or about one-eightb of the whole.
We hqve -krrown the Irish alone estimated at a
highe-- figure.
Obbur total population, the deaf and dumb are,
9,717 ; the blind, 9,702, the insane, 15,763 ; the
idiotic 15,706. Os these the colored deaf and
dumb are but 632; colored blind, 1,715; colored
insane, 612; colored idiots, 1,476. That is to
say, the colored persons afflicted with these va
rious infirmities are fewer in proportion to their
numbers than the whites.
Os Paupers, the census reports 134,972 as
having received public charity during the year
preceding June, 1850, and only 50,353 as actu
ally receiving a subsistence from the public on
the Ist of June in that year. Os these nearly
'three-fourths (36,916) were natives. The ag
gregate cost of supporting paupers during the
year aforesaid was reported as only $2,954,806,
whereof N. York paid $817,336 and Massachu
setts $392,765. Pennsylvania ranks next, but
disburses only $232,138 in public charity, and
New Hampshire fourth, paying out $157,351.
Virginia and Maine are just behind. These re
turns are partially imperfect, as a great many of
the indigent are subsisted in hospitals, retreats,
&c., on the gifts of private munificence.
The real and personal estate in the United
States and Territories is returned as of the actual
value of $7,133,369,725. We would raise that,
to make it correspond with the year 1852, to
$10,000,000,000, and estimate the present actual
population of the Union at twenty-five millions.
Lying S4OO per head of property to each human
- “being or $2,000 to each average family ot five
Churches, or edifices for public Divine
worship, in the United States, number thirty
six thousand, (36,000,) of which the Methodists
own one-third, or 12,467 ; the Baptists nearly
’ one-fourth, or 8,791; the Presbyterians the next
■ nu mber, or 4.584 ; and if we count the Dutch
Reformed, Congregational, Lutheran and Ger-
• man Reformed with the Presbyterian, (and the
differences between all these seem slight and
unessential,) the total is 8,112. But the esti
mated capacity of the Presbyterian and allied
Churches is greater in the average than that of
the Baptist and Methodist Churches, so that
while all the Methodist Churches will accom
-1 .'..Ntc .| >n t 4.209.333 worshippers, and all the
■%U10.878, the Presbyterian and re
, lated Churches aforesaid have loom for 3,705,211
worshippers. The Catholics have but 1,112
■ Churches, accommodating 620,950 worshippers.
The Episcopalians have 1.422 Churches, accom
modating 625,213 worshippers. The average
, number that each church edifice in the Union
, will-accommodate is 384; the total value of
Churcji property $86,416,639 ; and if all the
Churches should be filled at one time, they
wouldf.old 13,849,896 persons—probably some
thing iear the total population that could at one
• tir..e mkend church.
’“be Farm Lands of the Uniled States are set
' dowk in as amounting to 118.457,622
: and 184.6?1.358 of Unimprov-
! e j 303,078,970 acres’, worth in the average
i $lO pK acre. The average value of the Farm
Massachusetts. Rhode Island, Connec
-1 ticutWew York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania
: isabofls3o per acre (New Jersey highest, Penn-
■ sylv*®= fowest;) while Maine, New Hampshire
and vffrmont average about sls per acre. We
• are 1 ither surprised to see the farm lands of North
: and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama Missis-
■ sipp and Tennessee valued in the average below
, $5 [er acre.
0 f Domestic .Animals, this country had an ear
ly » Ipply and has always beeen prolific—and the
nuiriber continues to increase steadily and rapid
. ly.--The increase of Horses, Mules, and Asses,
; from 1840 to 1850 was 559,053 although the
I nuifilfcr has considerably decreased in all the
■ StaLs liberally chequered with Railroad. New
Yoji has one horse to seven peisons, Ohio one
to ®ur, and the whole Union about one to every
I fiv*persons, or a little over four millions in all.
0(1 m at Cattle, the number in 1850 was 18.355,-
. 287—an increase in ten years of about twenty
i per cent.
1 •Che average product of butter appears to be
»b#iit 49 pounds per annum to each cow, with
I 62) pounds ot cheese. We export annually a lit-
> tleover one million dollars’worth of dairy pro
, due s. Os sheep there was an increase of 2,309,-
f 108-between ’4O and and ’SO, notwithstanding a
■ din.'nution ot 646,855 in New England and
i 1,761,460 in the Atlantic Middle States, equal to
• 45 ~..r cent, in the former and 22i in the latter.
I Sheep husbandry is tending rapidly westward
and southward—to the milder slopes of the Al
i leghanies and the prairies ot Ilinois, Missouri and
■ Texas. New Mexico has six sheep to each per
il son—an extraordinary proportion. Best of all,
i the returns show that while in 1840 the average
i animal yield of wool was a little under two
I pounds per sheep, it was in 1850 nearly two and
r a half pounds per sheep, so that 21,600,000 sheep
I produced in 1850 forty-six per cent, more wool
: than 19,311,374 sheep did in 1840. An increase
; of 12 per cent, in the sheep had been paralleled
i by an increase of 46 per cent, in the wool. And
i in Vermont, where the greatest attention has
’ been paid to sheep husbandry, the average yield
> per sheep is almost 4 pounds. Yet we import
Considerably of wool—mainly the cheapest and
I coarsest. In 1850, the import was 18,669;791
■ pounds, valued at $1,681,691, or between eight
:) arid nine cents per pound. The imports of wool
have largely increased during three or four years.
Os Tobacco, the aggregate returned in 1840
was 319,163,319 lbs; in 1850 it was 199, 752,-
646 pounds—a decrease of about ten per cent.
Os Cotton, the production continues largely to
increase. The product is now over 3,000,000
bales or 600,000 tons per annum
Os Potatoes, the product would seem to have
fallen off from 108,298,060 bushels in ’4O to 104,-
055, 989 bushels in 1850; and we presume this
is correct; the reason being the effects and fears
of potato rot. This disease would now see n to
be passing away, and the culture ol the root con
sequently reviving.
Os IPine, the production is steadily increasing.
Our importation amounts to six millions of gal
lons per annum; our consumption to at least
twenty millions of gallons; so that our home
production must be not far from fourteen million
gallons. Os this aggregate, it seems that only
221,259 gallons are acknowledged in the census
—whence we infer that our manufacturers of
Madeira, Champagne, Hock, &c., prefer not to
“ let their light shine before men,” but meekly
put aside the credit of their enormous consumpt
ion of cider, turnips, logwood and other domestic
and imported products.
O(.Spirituous and Malt Liquors the annual
product reaches the enormous aggregate of eight
ty-six millions of gallons, (six gallons for each
person old enough to drink) —our imports and
exports just about balancing each other. The
Hop culture (mainly confined to New York
State) is extending.
Os Flax and Hemp the production did not ma
terially vary from 1840 to 1850.
In our Silk Culture we produced in 1831 no
less than 399,790 pounds of cocoons; in 1840
only 61,542 pounds; in 1850 barely 14,763
pounds! And yet it is demonstrable that we have
every facility of climate, soil, unemployed hands,
&c., for this branch of industry, and that its vig
orous prosecution would add laigely to the Na
tional wealth.
Our Sugar cultm-a [g extending. Our produc
tion (maple and cane togettwry-tw redo was 155 -
itwpca | ,830,886 lbs,, an
increase (mainly in T
126,730,077 lbs. The sugar cultuie lias iiUwUrart
tained command of the most admirable and ef
ficient machinery, and is steadily working fur
ther and further Northward, through the gradual
acclimation of the cane.
[From the New York Tribune.]
The Removal of Mr. Ewbank.
The fact that Thomas Ewbank, who had held
the responsible post of Commissioner of Patents
since the incoming of Gen. Taylor’s Administra
tion, was recently removed by President Fill
more, and Mr. Silas Hodges, of Vermont, ap
pointed in his stead, is already well known. It
has been very generally, but “rroneously, spoken
of as a resignation; but it was just such a resigna
tion as Mr. Fillmore’s on the 3d of March will
be. In essence, if not in terms, (we believe in
both) Mr. Ewbank was removed, and for reasons
which the public has not been permitted official
ly to know'.
Why was it deemed advisable to appoint a
new Commissioner for the last five or six months
of 6 the present Administration? Had Mr. E.
proved unfaithful? Was there apprehension
that the public interests committed to his charge
would suffer by his continuance? Was he in
any respect less qualified to hold the office during
these closing six months than during Mr. Fill
more’s twenty-eight months preceding ? Noth
ing of the sort is pretended. Why then was he
removed? We answer. Because he would not
consent to lavish the Public Money in his charge on
a personal favorite of the President in violation of
law. This statement we shall now proceed to
substantiate.
Soon after taking charge of the Patent-Office,
Mr. Ewbank began to lookarround him for some
person to aid him in compiling and editing the
Agricultural Statistics which, in the absence of
any Agricultural Bureau of the Government,
have gradually grown into an important element
of each Annual Report from that office. After]
much inquiry and hesitation, he finally decided
to entrust this work to Dr. Daniel Lee, formerly
of Buffalo in our State, just then editing the
Southern Cultivator, at Augusta, Ga.; and, on
Mr. Ewbank’s recommendation. Secretary Ew
ing appointed Dr. Lee a Clerk in the Patent Office
to collate and prepare Agricultural matter for the
Commissioner’s forthcoming Report. Dr. Lee
accepted the place, stipulating lor a much laiger
compensation than had ever before been paid for
the service, did the work,and recieved his money.
There, it was supposed by Mr. Ewbank, the
engagement was at an end. The duties which
Dr. Lee was employed to perform were in their
nature occasional; they were entirely suspend
ed through the greater portion of the yearjand Mr.
Ewbank wished to be at liberty to choose his
assistant in preparing bis Agricultural matter as
niaturer experience and fuller knowledge of the
duties ot his position should dictate. But no !
Dr. Lee had tasted the sweets ot office, and he
fully determined not to surrender them. He
could write lor his Southern Cultivator, and for
the or * or two Rochester papers with which he
already was, 4 or soon after becair.c, connected,
about as well from the Patent Office as any
where, the first use of the Agricultural Statistics
transmitted from all parts ol the country to the
Patent Office,in reply to the Commissioner’s cir
cular requests for inlormation, could be rendered
of decided use to him in liis vocation ; and the
fact that there was nothing for him to do offi
cially for eight or nine months of each year,
rather recommended the post thin otherwise.—
And this determination of Dr. Lee to draw $2,-
000 (after unsuccessfully trying to get $2,500)
from the Inventors’ Fund year after year, with a
perfect knowledge that the Commissioner whom
he was employed to aid did not want him,but was
greatly desirous to get rid of him, has been the
main cause of all the trouble encountered by Mr.
Ewbank, and of his ultimate removal. The Pa
tent pirates and cormorants who prey on the
life blood of Inventors, (under pretence of aiding
them at the Patent Office, where they often do
them more harm than good.) have of course,
been his natural and indefatigable enemies ; but
their annoyance would have amounted to very
little but for the powerful “aid and comfort” that
the lamented death of Gen. Taylor afforded them
from the inside of the office.
On Mr. Fillmore’s accession to office, Dr. Lee,
(as a former resident ot Buffalo,) became a fre
quent visitor at the White House. When in the
Legislature ot our State, he was the wildest and
and most sweeping Radical ever sent there, and
so advertised himself through various journals
for a considerable time. Now, ‘however, he had
beeome a most intense Conservative, and soon
became a partner in the Rochester American
newspaper, originally started as a“ Native ” or
gan, and since subsiding naturally into the mo t
malignent type ot Hunkerism. For this estab
lishment, Dr. Lee soon began to purvey jobs from
the Patent Office, of printinglabels, &c., without
a shadow of authority from the Commissioner;
and at length, in March last, an advertisment
from the Patent Office making its appearance,
he caused a grave complaint to be lodged against
Mr. Ewbank, with the Secretary of the Interior,
that it had not been ordered to be published in
that superlative administration journal,the Roch
ester American, although the papers authorized
to publish it in this State were all as ‘ Conserv
ative as could be desired—namely, the State
Register, AlLaqqy: Commercial Advertiser, New
York, and Commercial Advertiser, Buffalo Yes,
Mr. Ewbank, on the formal complaint ofHon.
A. M. Schermerhorn, M. C., was required to
justisy to his official superior, his neglect to or
der an official advertisement to be published in
the paper owned in part by one of the clerks !
This is not a solitary case. Early in January
last, Mr. Ewbank had to meet a complaint made
directly to the President by his clerk, Lee. that
he had ordered an advertisement to be published
in the Rochester Democrat, the oldest and most
influential Whig paper in its section, but which,
not being Silver Grey, was denounced in the
charge as being bitterly hostile to the Adminis
tration. Mr. Ewbank, as soon as he could find
time to look into the case, responded that he had
nothing whatever to do with the matter in ques
tion —that the advertisement had been given out
by his clerk whose duty it was to attend to that
business, who had selected the papers to be em
ployed in this instance from the official list long
ago furnished him from the Department of the
Interior, and knew no more whose corns he was
excoriating than Mr. Ewbank himself! And
these are but specimens of the paltry annoyances
and discreditable tittle-tattle to which Mr. Ew
bank has been exposed by his greedy and mali
cious subordinate.
One of the gravest charges preferred from time
to time against Mr. Ewbank was that of altering
Dr. Lee’s manuscripis I —that is to say, the Com
missioner of Patents, in an official document of
the gravest importance, to be issued under his
own,signature and on his official responsibility,
saw fit to modify some exptessions prepared for
him by one of the clerks, and not allow that
clerk, employed expressly to prepare matter for
his use, to dictate precisely what he should use
or what te r ms he should employ in using it.—
These alterations were in no respect material, so
far as thepublic interests were concerned.but they
were sometimes quite important to the thrif
ty clerk—for instance, the following, prepared by
him to be inserted in Mr. Ewbank’s last Report,
but respectfully declined by the Commissioner,
viz:
“Os this, it is believed that a better service
will be done to the Cotton-growing interest to
copy from the Southern Cultivator, (u monthly
journal publirhcd at .Augusta, Ga., at a dollar a
year, which should be in the hands of every planter.)
some pratical remarks on the preparation of Seed
and Land.”
We very cheerfully give Mr. Leee a most ex
tensive circulation of this puff of one of his pa
pers, in order to let the public see what sort of
matter it was that Mr. Ewbank eliminated from
his Agricultural Report. He did not feel author
ized to give the Southern Cultivator the benefit of
the circulation of this strong official puff in 140,-
000 copies published by Congress of his Annual
Report, to the disparagement and detriment of
all other Agricultural papers; and this has been
the subject of grave and formal complaint against
the Commissioner!
The U. S. ship Southampton sailed from Brook
lyn, rn Tuursday, lor Valparaiso, from thence
to the East Indies. She is attached to tho Ja
pon squadron.
VOL. XXXI—-NEW SERIES—-VOL--VII.—-NO.
(From the Baltimore BUn.)
Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs.
Hon. Luke Lea, the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, has made an interesting annual report.
The operations of the government agents, among
the several tribes, during the year past, maybe
thus summed up, as follows :
The dissensions among the Senecas in New
York respecting their forms of government are
not yet quieted, but steps have been taken
which it is believed will lead to an early and
pacific adjustment.
The Michigan Indians generally are doing
well—becoming sober, orderly, and industrious
—their agricultural efforts crowned with re
ward, while education is making commendable
progress. The same remarks bold good of the
Oneidas, in Wisconsin. The removal of the
Menomonees, agreeable to act of Congress, has
been effected—the whole tribe now being loca
ted between the Wolf and Oconto rivers.
A removal of the Chippewa Agency lias been
made to the Crow Wing river, west of the Mis
sissippi. Some of the Chippewas still remain at
their old homes, on territory ceded to the U.
States, but it is thought they will soon leave,
quietly.
The Winnebagos are discontented with their
piesent location, and want to migrate to the
Crow river, and the commissioner recommends
that they have liberty to do so.
The Sioux, of Minnesota, have given their
assent to the two treaties concluded in the sum
mer of 1851. These treaties happily remove all
fee i of hostile collision with the whites, in fu
ture. ■ These Sioux cultivate the soil very ex
tensively, and in frequent cases intermarry with
the whites in the employ of the tur companies.
The Omahas, a poor and peaceful tribe,on the
western border of lowa, have been of late the
victims, to a disgraceful extent, of the white
man’s rapacity, and the hostility of more war
like tribes of Indians. The appropriation from
the last Congress is now applied to their relief
and protection.
The Kiekapoos and I^rav\s,o£ the Great Ne
mendatory notice for their general good conduct.
The Wyandotts, now reduced to a compara
tively small number, find it difficult to manage
their public affairs, and are anxious to abandon
their tribal organization and become citizens of
the United States. To this end, they, in com
mon with many of the white population, are
impatiently awaiting the establishment of a ter
ritorial government over the vast region north
oflhe Arkansas and west of the Missouri rivers.
The Delaware Indians, distinguished for their
adventurous, roving and enterprixing spirit, are
steadily diminishing in consequence of their ex
posure to peril, which other tribes take care to
avoid.
The Christian Indians, a peculiar and inter
esting band once resident in Canada, whence
they emigrated from Ohio, are now located on
the lands of the Wyandotts, who consider them
as intruders and desire their removal.
The Shawness are eminently successful agri
culturists. and are advancing in general impro
vement. But for the baneful effects of intem
perance, to which their proximity to the border
settlements greatly expose them, they would
soon become a highly moral and prosperous peo
ple.
The condition of the Pottawatonies continues
substantially the same as heretofore leported.—
They depend mainly for support, especially in
winter, on their large annuity ; and but little or
no improment is manifest in their modes of
living.
The localities of the Kanzas InJians, in the
country about Council Grove, on the great Santa
Fe road, is unfortunate for them and the whites.
They are a rude and depraved tribe, and little
can be done for their welfare while they re
main liable to the pernicious associations that
await them here.
The small-pox, reinforced by inebrity and
general dissoluteness, has this year dealt sternly
with the Sacs and Foxes. Their numbers have
been thinned by death with unsparing hand.—
Agriculture is almost entirely neglected, and
their attachment to old habits, encouraged by
their despotic chiefs, materially retaid their im
provement.
The Swan, Cieek and Black River Chippe
ways of the Sac and Fox agency are in a pros
perous condition, though they make frequent
and just complaints of the depredations of the
Sacs and Foxes upon their stock.
The Weas, Pporias, and Piankeshaws, of the
Ossage river agency, continue to furnish evi
dence of commendable industry and steady im
provement. It is to be regretted that the Mia
miss belonging to the same agency are not enti
tled to like favorable notice.
The Cherokees are embarrassed by an onerous
public debr, which they are striving in good laith
to discharge. For this and other public pui poses
they aie anxious to sell to the United States the
tract of country containing about 80,000 acres,
known as the “ Cherokee Neutral Grounds;” and ’
there is much force of argument in favor of the
obligation of the government to relieve them by
taking back the land at the prices they were re
quired to allow the United States for it when it
was granted to them.
By a convention, entered into in 1 $37, between
the Choctaws and Chickasaws, the latter, under
certain conditions and restrictions therein provi
ded. became a component part of the Choctaw
nation. But they are becoming more and more
dissatisfied with the political connection between
them and the Choctaws; and there is reason to
believe that the best interests of both would be
promoted by a separation of the tribes.
A similar state of things exists in relation to
the Creeks and Seminoles.
The visit of Billy Bowlegs and other Seminoles
to Washington is next alluded to. Late advices
from Billy leave no doubt that his stipulation to
emigrate will be adhered to.
The Indians in New Mexico arc generally
quiet. The Apaches, near El Paso, however,
are troublesome, and a squad of mounted men
are asked for to keep them in check.
Arrangements are making for the removal of
encroaching Indians from the territory of Texas.
The Navajos give promise of abandoning their
predatory habits and betaking themselves to the
cultivation of the soil.
Notwithstanding the Mountain and Prairie
Indians continue to Buffer from the vast number
of emigiants who pass through their country de
stroying their means of support and scattering
disease and death among them, yet those who
were parties to the treaty concluded at Fort Lar
amie, in the fall of 1851, have been true to their
obligations, and have remained at peace among
themselves and with the whites.
The negotiations provided for by a late act of
Congress with the Camanches. Kioways and
other Indians on the Arkansas river, have been
necessarily postponed until the ensuing spring.
It will then be expedient to make them parties
to the treaty of Fort Laramie, or to one contain
ing similar provisions.
The agent for the Utah Indians has recently
made an expedition to the various tribes therin
occupying the region west of the Great Salt Lake.
The thoroughfare of travel to Ca’ifornia and Ore
gon passes through their country, and the object
of the expedition was to prevent a recurrence, if
possible, of numerous and often fatal collisions
between the emigrants and Indians. It seems to
have been eminently successful, as nomuruersor
robberies are reported to have been committed
by these Indians during the present year. To
give some idea of the immense travel along this
route, and the consequent importance ofconclia
ting the Indians, the agent states that in retiming
to Salt Lake he passsed on each es several days
as many as wagons.
The Commissioner recommends to Congress
some timely and efficient measures for the pro
per disposition and management of the Indians
in Qglifornia. Something also must be done for
the Indians west of the Cascade Mountains in
Oregon.
From the Baltimore Sun.
Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior.
The annual report of the Hon. A. H. H. Stu
art, Secretary of the Interior, fills six and a half
columns of the National Intelligecer,and abounds
in various interesting statistics and many im
portant suggestions.
The sum required for the Department in 1854
is less, by $774,302, than for 1853, and the am’t
estimated for pensions shows a decrease of $580,-
193, while the public buildings will require an
increase of $689,158, caused by an item of $600,-
000 for the capital extension, for which no esti
mate was made this year, and for other new ob
jects in Washington. The estimate for agricul
tural statistics has also been increased $2,200.
The report gives various statistics of the pub
lic lands, embraced in the report of the Commis
sioner of the Land Office, already published at
length in the Sun
From the report of the Commissioner of the
Pension Office, to which the Secretary refers,we
learn that the pensioners on the rolls of the Pen
sion Office have been reduced to 18,868, and are
743 less than last year.
Under the act of 18th of March, 1818, for the
relief of officers and soldiers in indigent circum
stances, 20,485 were pensioned, of whom 1,046
are now on the rolls; only 389 have received
payment in the first and second quarters of 1852
1,168 persons were pensioned under the act of
15th May, 1828, passed for the benefit of officers
and soldiers of the continental army who served
to the end of the war; 128 are on the lolls ; but
42 only were paid in the first six months of the
year.
Pensioners under the act of June, 1832,33,066;
on the lolls, 4,328 received payments; in six
months, 1,495.
Pensioners under the act ol July 4,1836,f0r re
volutionary widows and orphans of certain vol
unteers and militia troops who died inservice
since 1818, number 5,163, of whom 978 remain
on the rolls.
The act of 7th J tily, 1838, gave five years pen
sion to revolutionary widows who married be
fore the Ist of January, 1794. 11,400 were en
rolled; 162 only have been paid in six months.
Under the act of 2d February, 1848, for life or
widowhood, 6000 were enrolled, and under the
act of 29th July, 1848, which extended the peri
odo! marriage to the year 1800, 975 were enrol
led. On the rolls under both acts, 5,280 pension-
era, of whom 4,209 were paid during the firstand
second quarters of the year.
The act of 21st July. 1848, for the widows and
orphans of those killed in battle, or who perish
ed by disease in the Mexican war. enrolled 1,122,
while the number pensioned was 1,890.
The whole number on the 1011-, under invalid
acts, were 5,986, an increase of 627, compared
with the last annual report; 4 232 were paid in
the first six months of the y< ar.
There are now on the rolls 726 invalids, enti
tled to navy pensions,who receive annually $45,-
049 96. There are also 514 wi lows, who annu
ally receive $101,490, and 48 orphans, who re
ceive $6,138
The expenditure on account of pensions since
the last report, is about $1,500,000, embracing
many claims allowed before the close of the last
but paid within the present year.
.More stringent measures are called for to pre
vent fraud in procuring pensions In some parts
of the country the business has been reduced to
a system, and bodies ol men have confederated
for the purpose of carrying into effect their ne
farious schemes, by means so artful as to render
detection almost impossible.
The cost of printing the sixth census was
$178,805. Lippincott & Co., now propose to
publish 10,000 copies of the statistics of the
seventh census, in two folio volumes of 1,000
pages each, on fine type and paper, weli bound
with Russia backs, for the aggregate sum of
$49,500, being less than one-third of the amount
paid for the publication of the sixth census.
The progress of the extension of the Patent
Office, and the great importance of the Bureau,
are referred to, and to show the increase of the
patent business, it is stated that in 18.36 the
whole numbei of models in the office was 1,069;
in the beginning of 1851 they had incraased to
17,257, and now reach nearly 23,000. Various
suggestions for the benefit of the business are
made.
Much space is devoted to the Mexican boun
dary survey, and the causes which, a few months
ago, led to its suspension. The progress of the
extension of the Capitol is also and the
Cabins* t/str'uigryr^®BS
timated that it wonk! -equire the expenditure wP”
about $300,000 including the purchase of neces
sary ground. In making this recommendation,
the Secretary says:
“ The cost of house-rent, provisions, fuel, and
indeed of all the necessaries of life in Washing
ton, has risen to such a degree as to require the
most rigid economy to enable the members of
the Cabinet and the Vice Presieent to live with
in their incomes. As far as my observation has
extended, few, if any of them, have been able to
do so. This evil is increasing every year, and
if measures are not adopted to arrest it, the day
is not far distant when men of moderate means,
but in all respects fitted to serve the public in
high and responsible places, will be deterred
from accepting them by the heavy pecuniary
loss to which they must inevitably be subjec
ted.”
The Secretary concludes by calling the parti
cular attention of Congress to the affairs ot the
District of Columbia, and hopes the necessary
appropriations will be made without delay to
commence the work of introducing an ample
supply of pure water into Georgetown and
Washington. The erection of one or more per
ment bridges across the Potomac, adapted not
only for ordinary travel, but for the passage of
railway trains, is also urged, and the necessary
appropriation recommended. A grant by Con
gress of a portion of the public lands in aid of
public schools in the District of Columbia, re
commended by the Commissioner of Public
Lands, the Secretary says, commands his cordial
approbation.
[Tjlegraphed to the Baltimore S«n.]
Arrival of the Steamer Arctic.
New-York,Dec. 14 —9 P. M.
The American mail steamer Arctic has just
reached her wharf, bringing dates from Liverpool
to the Ist of December, and from London to the
30th of November. She brings 71 passengers.
The Arctic passed a ; steamer, supposed to be the
Baltic, on Monday, in lat. 43 03, long. 66 56.—•
The steamer Africa arrived out on the night of
the 29th. •
England.—The Earl of Derby has announc
ed toimally in Parliament the determination of
the government to adhere to the principles of
free ttade.
Parliament intended to adjourn on the 10th
inst., for a recess of nine weeks.
The ladies of England convened in meeting at
the mansion of the Duchess of Southerland,on the
29tb, to adopt a memorial to the ladies ot the U.
States on the subject of the abolition ol slavery.
It was attended by many ol the highest ranks in
England.
In consequence of the extraordinary activity
in the French navy yards, government has re
solved to call for an additional 5,000 men lor the
I British navy.
1 Disastrous floods have again occurred in vari
ous parts of England, doing great damage. There
had also been great loss on the coast of Scotland,
among the shipping, in consequence of violent
gales.
The friends of the proposed London, Liverpool
and North American Steam Sere w-Ship Compa
ny have appealed to the Government in its favor.
Advices from Burmah announce the capture of
Prome with but little loss on either side.
Advices from Paris state that negotiations are
nearly completed between England and France
for the negotiation of the tariffs of the two coun
tries.
A select committee has been appointed in the
House of Commons to investigate the charge of
bribery at the Derby elections, in which the Se
cretary at War, Lord Beresford, is implicated.
Measures have been taken by government to
put the naval depots at Jamaica, Antigua, &c.,
in a state of defence.
The steamer Adromache had arrived in the
Thames, from Sydney, with 42 ounces of gold.
The Bank of England is now selling Ameri
can eagles at 765. 7id.
France.—The Empire was to be formally
proclaimed on the 2d of December. On the
next day the Senate will be convoked to settle
the civil list of the Emperor, and salaries of the
members of the Imperial family.
Some of the legitimists had resigned in the de
partments, in compliance with the manifesto of
Henry V.
The report is confirmed that Henry V. is about
to issue a manifesto to all the Pincess of Europe,
pretesting against the usurpation of Bonaparte.
The Municipal Council ot Strausburg has vo
ted to present to the Emperor the Castle of that
citv for the Imperial residence.
Markets.
Liverpool. Dec. I.—Cotton—Prices have ad
vanced under the influence of the steamer Afri
ca’s news over i but scarcely jd. Middling
and lower qualities have improved most. The
sales to-day are 12.000 bales, of which specula
tors took 6,000. The sales of the last three days
have been 25,000 bales, of which speculators
took 9,000. The quotations are—Fair Orleans,
6i; Middling Orleans, 5J to SJ; Fair Mobile, 6;
Middling Mobile, 5j ; Fair Uplands, 51 ; Mid
dling Uplands, 5J to sj. The imports of the
last three days have been 24,000 bales.
Brown & Shipley’s Circular, of the Ist says,
that the accounts ol the frost in the cotton dis
tricts, received by the Africa, have given a bet
ter tone to the cotton market, and prices of low
and middling qualities have rallied an id to Jd
from the previous extreme depression. The sales
to-day aie 12,000 bales, of which speculators
took 6,000 at the following rates: Middling Or
leans, 5J ; Uplands, sf. Sales of the week 25,000
bales.
Mr. Wadley.—We understand that Mr.
Wadley, Superintendant of the Western and At
lantic Railroad, is about to retire from that office,
and return to the management ot the affairs jj)'
the Ce n t-rn 1 II fl i
thority” but we have reasoirto place confidence
in the correctness of the report. We do not
know how others may regard it, but it strikes us
that the present is rather an inopportune mo
ment for the Superintendant to throw up his of
fice. Since the commencement of the new ad
ministration, Mr. Wadley has planned and set
on foot a vast amount of important work con.
nected with the State Road, the most of which
has but just been commenced, and which would,
seem to require his further superintendance, du
ring its progress 1 in order to be carried forward
to successful completion. Mr: Wadley’s resig
nation, at this time, can hardly fail to cause con
siderable embarrassment to the affairs of tho
Road and prove seriously detrimental to the in
• terests of the State. — Manta Intelligencer, 16th
inst.
Death of James Marsh, Esq.—We are pain
ed to announce the death ot this old and estima
ble citizen, who departed this life yesterday, in
the 81st year of his age. He was for upwards
of half a century a resi lent of Charleston and,
through the whole of his long and active career,
has sustained a character for intelligence and in
tegrity that won lor him the respect of the en
tire community.— Charleston Mercwy, 17th inst.
Texas B ee Hives.—A Gonzales correspondent
of the Southern Star describes a bee-hive near
the Coloiado river, as follows:
About 250 feet, from the water’s edge, there is
a beehive ; the hole in which the bees enter is
about two feet' n diameter, and is worn smooth
by this busy tribe, who, perhaps, have worked
here uninterrupted for ages ; until this summer,
when a man let himself down byway of ropes,
and robbed these innocent workers ol about thir
ty gallons of their hard earnings. “O! justicia!
O! nwres!
The Health of our City.—During the past
week no case of Cholera Morbus has occurred,
and no deaths. The health of Columbus was
never better than it is at this time, in tact the
Doctors say that it is distressingly healthy.—
Columbus Fnquirer, lithinst.
Hold Him ?—Some fellow has got off the fol
lowing: Why should physicians have a greater
horror ot the sea than anybody else? Because
they are more liable to see-sickness.
A German chemist has discovered that there iif
sugar in tears,