Newspaper Page Text
iDeckln (firorijta cConstitutlmaUst aitiJ Hqmblic
BY JAMES GARDNER, JR.
OFKiCJS ON MoXNToeU-B'JKEET
|HD DOOR FROM THH KORTH-WBBT OORSBH OF BROAD
STRRBT.
•a of BAND by Executors, Administrators or Guar-
Mans, are rsquirad, by law, to be held uu the first
fuesday in the month, between the hours of ten in
■io forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court
■o«se in which the property is situate. Notice of
mtMe sales must be given in a public Gazette, SIXTY
■AYS previous to the day of sale.
■tt of NEGROES must be at Public Auction, on the
irst Tuesday of tho month, between the usual hours
If sale, at the place of public sales in the county
where the Letters Testamentary, or Administration,
Kr Guardianship, may have been granted, first giving
IIXTY DAY’S notice thereof, in one of the public
■ttiettes of this State, and at the door of the Court
House where such sales are to be held.
Hire for the sales of Personal Property must be given,
K like manner, FORTY BAYS previous to day of sale.
Mice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate, must
|e published for FORTY DAYS.
Itice that application will be made to tho Court of
■rdinery for leave to sell LAND, must be published
for TWO MONTHS.
Itice for leave to sell NEGROES, must be published
IffO MONTHS, before any order absolute can be
given by the Court.
f TERMS OF ADVERTISING.
|e square, 12 lines, 76 cents the first insertion, and 60
cents afterwards.
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS,
fcriff’s Levies. 30 days, $2 50 per levy ; 80 days, $5.
lecutor’s, Administrator’s and Guardian's Sales, Real
I Estate, (per square 12Lnes,) $d 75
i)o. do. Personal Estate 3 25
Jation for Letters of Administration 2 75
l)o. do. Dismission 4 50
Itioo to Debtors and Creditors 3 25
so Months’Notices • 4 00
lies Nisi, (monthly) $1 por squaro, each insertion.
W'T* Obituary Notices over six lines, will W)charged
■ the same ratos as advertisements.
LEGAL NOTICES.
It? - Notice of the Hale of Land aud Negroes by Ad
t nlstrators. Executors or Guardians, must be publisU-
I FOUTY DAYS previous to the day of sale.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an estate
last bo published FORTY DAYS.
INotice that application wilt bo to the
Jbart of Ordinary for leave to sell Land er Negroes,
fust be published TWO MONTHS, weekly.
Notice of application for Letters of Administra
- . iw* *»»• '<■ bo published THIRTY DAYS; and Lot
kra nf Dismission of Executors or Administrators. SIX
■ ONTHS—Dismission or Guardians, FORTY DAYS.
\O~ Sales of personal property of a porishable ns
i re, by the Act of 1352, by Executors and Administe
rs. at tlie discrotion of the Ordinary, upon not less
an TEN DAY’S Notice. Sales by regular Administe
rs. as under tlie old law. FORTY DAYS.
UJ>- ALL REMITTANCES PER MAIL, ARB AT OUR
9tt.
AUGUSTA, GA.
SATURDAY - MORNING, MARCH 12.
The Cabine.t
We have already published short biogiaphies
( several of the Cabinet ot Gen. Pierce. We
ive to-day, in addition, brief sketches of Messrs
'farcy. Davis and Campbell, taken from the
f. F. Herald of March 4th. The Cabinet is a
itrong one, there not being a man in it of infe
ior abilities. In personal and moral worth, they
re all estimable gentlemen.
Augusta South-Western Plank Road.
} We understand that at a meeting of the stock
liolders of this new enterprise, on the 3rd inst.,
the following gentlemen were elected Directors :
Hon. William Schley.
Robert F. Pok, Esq.
John Phinizy, Sen.. Esq.
Paul F. Eve, Esq.
Lindsey C. Warren, Esq.
The Board then proceeded to elect a President,
and Hon. William Schlkt was unanimously
ahosen ; and at a subsequent meeting, S. H. Oli
ver, Esq., was elected Secretary and Treasurer.
We are also informed, that Mr. Tuttle, a very
competent Engineer, has been selected by the
President, to survey and locate the road, and-that
in a few days he will commence his duties.
Among other items prior to its adjournment,
Congress appropriated SIOO,OOO torthe construc
tion of the Custom House in Charleston.
The salaries of the Vice President and Calu
met officers, including the Secretaries of State,
Treasury, War, Navy, and Interior, and the
Postmaster General and Attorney General, are
iespectively increased from $6,000 to SB,OOO per
annum.
The outstanding Stocks of the United States
may he purchased by the Secretary of the
Treasury at the market price, to be paid for
from any surplus funds in the Treasury, provided
that the balance in the Treasury shall not at
any time be reduced below $6,000,000.
The Mexican Boundary Commission is con
tinued till April 1,1854, and the necessary ap
propriations made therefor.'
An Assay Office, in the city of New York, is
established for the receipt an<| for the melt-
assaying of gold and silver bullion and
foreign coin, and for casting the same into bars,
ingots, or disks.
The clerks in the several Executive Depart
men Is, from and alter the 30th June next, are
to be arranged into four classes, with different
grades ot salary, and no clerk is to be appoint
ed in either of the classes until he shall have
been examined and found qualified by a Board
of three Commissioners, one of whom is to be
the chief of the Bureau to which the clerk is to
be appointed, and the other two to be selected by
the head ofthe Department to which the Bureau
is attached.
Charleston Water Companr.
The citizens of Charleston have under con
sideration a project for supplying the city with
pure water, by means of a canal from the
F.disto river. A company was chartered for
the purpose in 1850, and a survey of the con
templated route has been made by competent
engineers. On the 7th inst., the Special Com
mittee,appointed by the City Council of Charles
ton for that purpose, made a report to that body,
giving a circumstantial and elaborate statement
of the most feasible route, mode of construction
and estimates of the cost of the proposed canal.
It is proposed that the canal be made large
enough to answer the double purpose of naviga
tion and of supplying the city with water. The
plan contemplates a supply of four millions of
gallons daily to the city. It is proposed that the
Canal commence 500 feet below Givhan’s Fer
j ry, on the Edisto. It is to be carried across the
Aehley by a wire suspension aqueduct 100 feet
Song, divided into six spans, four of 75 feet
< each, and two of 50 feet each. The wire ca
| hies will pass over and rest upon piers and
abutments of solid masonry, and be firmly an
chored at their extremities. The aqueduct is to
be constructed of black cypress timber, in the
most durable and permanent manner.
The entire cost of the work, for a navigable
j canal, is estimated at $1,737,821 52. If it should
be determined to abandon the canal of naviga
tion, there should be a deduction irom this esti
\ mate, of the whole cost of carrying the water to
the city, of $92,747 —being the cost of the dis-
I ferenee in the extent of the work.
The Council ordered 1000 pamphlet copies
of the report to be published for gratuitous dis
tribution among the citizens.
Ooi.d Coinage. —The Courier and Enquirer
of Saturday, in an editorial on the Assay and
Lotnagi of the precious metals, says :
The .segregate gold coinage of the United
States, since the establishment of the Mint,
has been about §160,000, 000.”
This statement is very wide of the mark, as
will be seoA by the official returns :
Coinage of I Gold at the United States ’ Mint, from
its Organization to the close of 1852.
At Philadelphia , .$194,871,141 50
At New Orleans 33,885,865 00
At Charlotte 3,450,668 50
At Dahlonega 4,817,809 50
Total to close of 1852 $237,025,484 50
.During the two months of the current year an
additional amount of about $8,500,000 has been
coined, which is to be added to the above ; mak
ing a total in round numbers of $245,000,000,
I instead of ' l about $160,000,000,” as/eported by
! the Courier.
The St. Louis intelligencer publishes a letter
, ' fefty emigrant to California, which
gives a fearfi4 account of a tremendous snow
storm in the mSpntains near Carson valley. On
what is called the Second Summit, the writer
ssays, he caught hold of the tops of pine trees, and
I was confident they were one hundred feet in height .
This is an item, says the N. Y. Express, that
should have a bearing upon the question of a
railroad to the Pacific, through the South Pass
Rails buried in snow a hundred feet deep, would
stand little chance of removal by any scraper
yet invented.
An unusually large number of females arrive
weekly in California. The Placer Times says
their influence for good can hardly be estimated.
At their presence the gambling-house closes as
though some magic wand had been waved before
its doors, and the people are won away from the
driukitlg saloons and houses of dissipation by an
attraction which, though apparently gentle, is
all powerful. At the incoming of every steam
er, now-a-days, the dawn of California grow*
brighter and brighter.
Incidents of the Inauguration.
We take the following paragraphs from the
detailed accounts of the inauguration, in the
New York Herald of Saturday:
Gen. Piprce delivered his inaugural address,
after taking of! his overcoat, amid immense
cheering, just exactly as il he were delivering
an extempore speech. He had no paper or
notes, but delivered the address beautifully and
gracefully, without a blemish to the end. It
will be remembered that Presidents Taylor,
Polk and others, read their addresses from the
manuscript. When he came to that part of his
address which related to the protection of Amer
ican citizens abroad, he turned face to face with
Mr. Fillmore and the diplomatic corps, and laid
down the law with thrilling emphasis, and when
he again turned to the mass of the people in
front, occupying the vast square, below, they
shouted with delight, and every man of the fifty
thousand in the streets declared that Pierce is
the man for the times.
President Pierce is a graceful and striking
speaker, and his voice, although not equal to
reach to the extent of the enormous multitude
that surrounded him, was clear and distinct, and
his style of delivery was excellent. He has ap
peared remarkably elastic, cool and self-posses
sed for the last few days, but especially to-day.
He rose at daylight and has been busy the entire
day, and he evidently feels that he has the game
in hand and intends to hold it.
Mr. Fillmore’s cabinet made the best of their
time to the last moment. For weeks past they
have been Riling offices with bogus democrats,
appointed at the solicitation of whigs who re
signed. Even as late as yesterday a postmaster
in the State of New York was appointed in this
way. The whole matter will be thoroughly
investigated.
A company of fantastical, dressed in rags and
tatters, marched along the avenue whilst the
procession was passing, who received some rough
usaee.
The pageant is the multitude is dis
persing. This is a revolution ofthe government
in a carnival.
Large masses followed the President to the
White House, and waited upon him in the usual
reception room.
Mr. Fillmore took immediate possession ofthe
apartments at Willard’s, just vacated by General
Pierce, intending to occupy them fora few days
prior to the commencement of his Southern tour.
Snow continued falling slightly during the
day, melting as it fell, and not particularly inter
fering with the inaugural ceretllonies.
This evening several balls and other entertain
ments are given to the military and other guests.
The hotels and boarding houses, though some
what relieved, are still thronged.
It is reported that after the inaugural Gen.
Scott thanked the President for his remarks on
West Point and the army.
After having received a host of people at the
White House, General Pierce retired, and the
doors closed. Ex-President Fillmore took up his
quarters at three o’clock in the rooms at Vi illard’s,
vacated by his sticcsesor two hours previously.
A few friends dined with General Pierce at the
White House, but Mr. Fillmore, consulting the
General’s repose, declined. They wiil dine to
gether perhaps to-morrow.
The White House is closed to-night to all
visiters. Its new occupant has mad) a mighty
sensation to-day.
At eight o’clock the storm continued, and the
army of incursion was leaving by thousands.—
Vive la Republiqe.
Rates of Postage.
It is not easy to keep always in mind, the re
quired amount of postage stamps on letters, &c.,
under the laws now in foree. The Ohio State
Journal has procured and published the follow
ing convenient table of rates, which gives the
information required, at a glance, and which we
present to our readers, with the suggestion to
cut it out and put it in some convenient place, to
save the trouble of asking and of having to an
swer questions about it: —
Each i ounce, under 3000 miles, prepaid , 3c ;
unpaid, sc.
Each i ounce, over 3000 miles, prepaid , 7c ;
unpaid, 10c.
All Printed Matter in general —any where in the
United States :
First three ounces, lc
Each subsequent ounce, lc
If not prepaid, doubled these rates. But—
Newspapers and Periodicals —paid quarterly, or
yearly in advance—
First three ounces, $c
Each subsequent ounce, Jc
And if not weighing over li oz., in the State
where published, jc each, and weekly papers in
the count}' where published, free.
Small Newspapers and Periodicals, published
monthly or oltener, and Pamphlets of 16 octavo
pages or less —when sent in packages, weighing
at least 8 oz., prepaid, Jc. an oz.
MnuJci —-bmxml «»r uuWiunJ, wrighjmr not moral
than four pounds, may be sent by mall, for each"
oz—
Under 3000 miles, prepaid, lc j unpaid ljc
Over “ “ ljc | 2c
Fractions over a sing'e rate are charged as
one rate.
“ Periodicals,” in the sense used above, are
publications issued once in three months or of
tener.
Comparative Growth of British and American
Trade.
A table in the March number of De Bow’s
Review, brings into juxtaposition the respective
amounts of the export trade of Great Britain
and the United States in the years 1842 and
1851 ; and the relative changes in some in
stances are remarkable.
In 1842 the exports of Britain to France were
valued at £3,193,930, and those of the United
States at $17,563,589 ; in 1851, those ot the
former power had fallen to .£2,028,463, while
ours had advanced to $25,160,925. To Spain
and the Balearic Isles our exports rose from
$555,120 to $5,416,044 ; those of Britain from
£322,614 to £1,015,493. To China, ours ad
vanced from $737,509 to $2.155,915; of Britain,
from £969,381 to £2,161,268. To British West
Indies and British Guina, ours increased from
$3,319,337 to $4,484,114 ; those of Britain de
clined from £2,591,423 to £2,201,032. To
Hayti, ours rose from $844,452 to $1,679,372;
those of Britain, from £141,896 to £239,146.
To western coast of Africa ours exhibit an in
crease from $172,841 to $1,245,361 : British,
from £459,685 to £658,934. To Belgium, ours
increased from $1,434,038 to $2,709,333 ; British
fell from £1,099,490 to £984,501. To Russia
and ports within the Black Sea, ours grew from
$316,026 to $1,465,704; British declined from
£1,885,953 t0£1,290,704. ToSouth Sea Island,
ours rose from $128,856 to 601,146; British,
from £12,788 to £60,795. To Brazil, ours
went from $2,225,571 to $3,128,956; British
from £1,756,505 to £3,518,684.
On the other hand, our exports to Mexico de
clined from $969,371 to $577,901; British ad
vanced from £374,969 to $577,901. .To Philip
pine Islands ours fell from $235,732 to $125,544;
British increased from £17,019 to £202, 555.
To Holland ours fell from $3,236,338 to $1,911,-
115; British fell only from £3,573,302 to £3,-
542,673. To Prussia ours declined from $149,-
141 to $80,469; British advanced from £376,651
to £503,531. To the Azores ours fell from
$49,183 to $20,240 ; British rose from £39,862
to £59,935.
Witchcraft in Pennsylvania.
The Chambersburg (Pa.) Whig relates a sin
gular instance of superstition, which proves that
the belief in witchcraft is not yet done away
with. It appears that recently a female mem
ber of a denomination called the Christian
Church, in Fulton county, Pa., was taken sick,
and finally imagined she was bewitched by a
sister in the church. A meeting of the session
was called in due season, at which the minister
presided, and the charge of witchcraft was for
mally preferred against a lady. Being a new
case, and we presume, not provided for in the
discipline, the session was puzzled as to the
proper manner to proceed in the ease. At
length it was proposed that she should be asked
to step over a broomstick, as it had been said
that a witch could not do so; but the accused got
over it without apparent difficulty. After a
consultation it was then agreed that she should
be tried in a pair of weigh-scales with a bible to
balance her, and if she was a witch the bible
would be too heavy for her. Accordingly she
was taken to a mill, and the experiment tried,
but she proved too heavy tor the bible. It was
then intimated that probably her clothing pre
vented a fair test, and half a bushel of corn was
put on the scales with the bible, to balance the
clothing, but still the lady was too heavy and
the charge formally dismissed.
Texas Sugar.— Toe sugar crop of Brazoria
county for the last year was 8202 hogsheads, val
ued at $328,080, with 17,000 barrels of molasses
at $136,000. There are about $2,500,000 inves
ted in the county in sugar making. There are
still some thousands of acres of the very best su
gar and cotton lands to be sold in the county,
which are priced at from three to seven dollars
an acre.
Mr. Braden, a printer of Zanesville, Ohio, died
last week, in consequence the habit of putting
type in his mouth while working at his case.
A report recently published in Engla- d ex
hibits some striking facts with respect to the
progress of baths and wash-houses in the me
tropolis. In 1848, there was one establishment
in London, and the number of bathers in the
course of the year, was 48,637. In 1853, there
was seven establishments conducted in accor
dance with the act of Parliament, and the num
ber of bathers in that year was 800,163, the
number of washers 197,580, showing an increase
in the four years of 751,536 bathers and of 197,-
580 washers. In the whole of the five years )
from 1848 to 1852, there have been more than
3,100,000 bathers and washers. The receipts of
the seven establishments, which are believed to
be self-supporting, amounted last year to £13,-
413 7s. 2d.
North Carolina Copper. —The North Caro
lina Copper, which was sold in New Fork on
Tuesday, brought at the rate of SIBO per ton, or
SIB,OOO for the 100 tons sold. This copper was
mined in the course of two months, at an ex
pense of about SI,OOO. Such results as these
prove that mining may, in this country, be made
as profitable and legitimate an enterprise as it is
in England.
Greenville and Columbia Railroad. —The
Chief Engineer expects to complete the road to
Rockey River, within two miles of Anderson,
during the month of April, and thinks it proba
ble the road will be completed to Abbeville some
time in June. The bridge over Broad river will
be completed in twelve more working days.
The Rev. Francis L. Hawkes, Dr. Mason, and
Rev. Mr. Davis, are spoken of in connection
with the in North Carolina
The election will take place at the meeting of
the Diocesan Convention in May.
Col. Perry, of Greenville, who is engaged pro
fessionally in the Gardiner case, says he has no
doubt of Dr. Gardiner’s innocence in the whole
matter, and the existence of the mines. He fur
ther says :
“ I am sure God never gave such a face and
countenance as his to a scoundrel. He is an ac
complished gentleman, and I have no doubt his
trial will prove him honest.”
A letter from Havana, dated February 23,
states that on the day previous the commander
ofthe British corvette Vestal called on Judge
Sharkey, the American Consul, to make an ex
planation concerning the firing on the barque
Martha Ann. The explanation is said to have
been satisfactory.
Seven ocean steamers left New York on Sat
urday viz : the Arctic, for Liverpool; the Union
and Georgia, for Aspinwall: Star of the West,
for San Juan ; Marion, for Charleston ; Alabama,
for Savannah, and the Roanoke for Richmond,
kc.
Col. B. F. Perry, of the Greenville Patriot,
who is now in Washington, states in a letter to
that journal that Mr. Webster, the Private Se
cretary of the Prestdent, is no relative ofthe late
Daniel Webster, but is a Whig, which is rather
remarkable. He is, says Col. Perry, a young
Lawyer of talent and promise.
In New York men cannot be had in sufficient
numbers to perform the labor demanded at the
ship-yards, in which there are now many vessels
of every variety in progress. Eighteen shillings
a day is paid, but with this there is evident dis
satisfaction, twenty shillings being asked. It is
apprehended that the request will soon (assume
the shape of a demand.
The Western Theological Seminary of the
Presbyterian Church, at Allegheny City, Pa.,
now contains 52 students, of whom 20 are in
the Junior class.
The Mexican Vice Consul in Philadelphia,
announces officially that the ports of Vera Cruz,
Tampico, Mazatlan, San Bias and Acapulco are
now open to interior and exterior trade.
Four hundred United States Troops sailed in
the ship Irene, Capt, Williams, from New,
York on Saturday for Matagorda, Texas.
The Journal of Commerce says it has good
reasons : >i : 'W".UJlflfuw, ills fWirtu!"!*'’
statement that Louis Napoleon had ordered the
construction, at that port, of a fleet of war
steamers.
A public meeting was held a few days since
at Vincennes, Indiana, with a view of petition
ing the Legislature tor aid in erecting in that
town, a monument to Gen. Harrison, the first
Governor of that State.
{communicated.]
Home Institutions —Southern Medical Assooiation.
Mr. Gardner : —The able and dignified letter
of Mr. Hamilton, in your issue of the 9th inst.,
seems to indicate the necessity of Southern or
ganizations in every department; and we know
of no profession needing it worse than medicine.
The demand for a great Southern Medical Asso
ciation is two-told, professional and national. —
The profession demands it because there are
certain educational abuses pertaining to the di
plomate, which should b“ rectified; then, we
need a Southern Medical literature, for North
ern works are unsafe guides to treat Southern
disease by ; then we want a correct account of
life and death, as controlled by climate among
us, as well as a correct development of Southern
pathology. To attain these ends, we ought to,
and must have, a Southern Medical Association,
which will harmonize and concentrate the opin
ions and influence of Southern physicians. We
have an American Medical Association, but the
spirit of which Mr. Hamilton complains per
vades its sittings, and a Southern writer, who
upholds Southern institutions from Northern
slavery, cannot secure justice in it. All of its
prites and important committees are distributed to
Northern men, while it exerts a decided and ne
gative influence upon Southern men and medi
cine. For a man South to stand high with the
ruling spirits of the body, he must be a trans
planted scion, or very easy and flexible in South
ern opinions—in short, there is but little chance
for a Southern man in it, unless it is to be slan
dered and lied upon. Again, a Southern organ
ization is demanded upon National grounds, by
a concentration of Southern Medical opinion
upon the anatomy and physiology of the negro—
it will go far to stay the progress ol fanaticism
and calm the spirit of sectional feeling upon the
slave question ; tor it can be maintained that
the negro is a different creature from the white
man, and fitted only for humane servitude here,
for he is incapable of self-government. These
considerations appear to me ample for the form
ation of a Southern Medical Association, and
we think the most opportune time in the world
for it, will be at the Convention soon to convene
at Montgomery, Ala. We hope the proposal
will meet with general favor—as we know it
does in many quarters—and a large meeting
may convene. Will not the independent phy
sicians of every part of the South send up a
delegation ? Let every one go that can, and
let each be resolved to elevate the standard of
Southern Science, and no longer be subservient
to Northern influence. We think the Journal
ism of the Northern profession is rather more
independent than in the South, but it is in many
respects tainted by the fell spirit and prejudice
of anti-slaveryisms; and we honestly think,
while we have many true and devoted Northern
men among us South, we have a lot of Southern
born mer. who are as much to be feared. We
believe Mr. Hamilton’s letter will be I uc
tive of good, and we trust every department of
Science, Art, Mechanics and Manufactures will go
to work, and let us have a home organization,
equal in talent, influence and power, to any on
this wide continent. Then, and not till then,
may we expect to receive justice at the hands
of Northern men. We hope you see the neces
sity, Mr. Editor, of such organizations, and as it
is only a home and republican move, you will lend
it your assistance ; for, like everything else in
life, it will meet opposition, because, it places
high and low, small and great, upon an equality
—the loaves and fish are distributed with an
impartial hand. When we began this letter we
scanned the field, and we thought we might fall
in the race, but we believe posterity will do us
justice, whether success crown the suggestion
now or not. The proposition is not for ourself,
but for our profession and our native South.—
We do not expect every body to acquiesce in it,
but we believe the true interests of the pro
fession Sooth, demand it, and cry aloud for it.
Pl-ITO.
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MARCH J 6 1853.
Caliinrt Jiojppljifs.
[Correspondence ofthe Richmond Enquirer.]
Washington, March 2d, 1653. |
IION. ROBT. MCCLELLAND.
I am led to believe that this gentleman has
been selected by General Pierce io fill the posi
tion of one of his ministers in the new Cabinet.
If I am correct, I feel assured in my own mind
that it will find almost universal favor, and be
hailed throughout the land as a worthy tribute
to elevated character and distinguished qualities.
Governor McClelland cannot be above forty
five years of age, and was born and educated in
the State of Pennsylvania. He moved to the
then Territory of Michigan in 1833, and com
menced at once the practice of law. In 1835,
he-was chosen a member ofthe Convention elec
ted to form the Constitution of his adopted State,
and although comparatively a very young man.
he so commended himself by his usefulness and
ability that, in 1838, he was elected a member
ofthe House of Representatives, and made Chair
man of some nf the most important committees.
When the Whigs, in the memorable year of
1840, swept the State es Michigan, he was again
returned to the House, where he was again dur
ing the whole session acknowledged the leader
of his party. In 1843, he was again returned
and elected Speaker over a talented competitor.
In this new and untried position, he sustained
himself with much eclat; and of him it was truly
said :
“Our rules that did a boundless ocean seem,
Were coastod all, and fathomed all by him.”
The following year he was elected to Con
gress by over 2.500 majority, and served on the
committee of Commerce. He was “twice re
elected—thus serving six years—and was in
1846 chairman of the committee on Commerce
and served also on the committee on Foreign
Relations.
In 1850 he was elected in his adopted State
to serve as a membpr of the convention to revise
the State Constitution. In 1851 he was nomi
nated and elected Governor, by a majority of
over 7000. and last fall he was nominated by a
unanimous vote of the Conventon, and elected
by upwards o( SOOO majority over a very popu
lar opponent.
Such are some of the most important incidents
in the lifeof Governor McClelland. He is, em
phatically, a selfmade man, and the architect of
his own fortune. He has a remarkable energy
of character, possessed by few of our public
men. and gifted with a perseverance that
knows no failure.
Asa politician, he has ever been a firm Dem
ocrat and withal a “ Union man for the sake
of the Union.” In 1850 he presided as Presi
dent of a State Democrats Conventon, at
Jackson, at which the following excellent re
solution was unanimously adopted:
Resolved. That this Convention tender to the
people of the United States, an expression of
earnest congratulation on the passage bv Con
gress. and their approval by the President of
the United States, ofthe series of measures by
which California has been received into the
family of Spates, territorial government estab
lished for New Mexico, Utah, and the boun
dary line of Texas adjusted. 1 hat we hail tne
adoption of these measures, alike just and equi
table to all. by which the country has been re
stored to harmony, as a triumph of wisdom
over sectional strife in our common country.
Immediately after the nomination of General
Pierce for President, Mr McClelland was, as be
fore stated, renominated for Governor, and his
name placed at the head of a ticket, adopted at
the State Convention which also adopted the
following, among other resolutions:
Resolved , That in the division of public senti
ment among the States of the Union, and the
temporary estrangement of members of the same
brotherhood, we recognize a national calamity,
demanding forbearance and a patriotic and sell
sacrificing spirit, which, discharging its first du
ties to the constitution as of first necessity, shall
seek by proper means to allay excitement, and
to bring back that unity of sentiment and har
monious action which once characterised the
States of the Republic.
“ Resolved, That the recent measures of com
promise, embracing a settlement of the distract
ing questions which have disturbed, and almost
interrupted the business of Congress, seriously
threatening the integrity ot the Union itself,
were demanded by a fair consideration of the
constitutional rights of the various members of
the confederacy.
li Resolved, That the Democracy of Michigan
pandering to no isms, rejecting all alliances with
sectional factions, having in view the irrepeal
able claims of each State in the Union, and
yielding only to the demands of the constitution,
declare emphatically, that the compromise mea
sures stand justified in the eyes of every well
wisher of his country, and should be sustained
and executed in all their parts faithfully, fully
and impartially.”
With such resolutions and s’lst iining such po
rT' ills.
nomination,and traversed the greater part olthe
State. Whenever he made his appearance be
fore the people, he was hailed with acclamation.
He boldly proclaimed himself a compromise man
and. as such, was elected by the largest majority
ever given in Michigan-
We predict for him in his new position, that
he will sustain himself with marked ability and
thus add to his distinguished reputation.
SECRETARY OP STATE WILLIAM LARNED MARCY.
New Yorkers, and politicians generally, are
familiar with the political life and career of this
gentleman. Although his experience as a mem
ber of a legislative body has been very limited,
the various executive offices he has held, and
the influence he has possessed from his political
associations, have made him a man of mark
among the men of his times. Mr. Marcy is a
native of Sturbridge, Worcester county, Massa
chusetts, where be was born, December 112,
1786 ; consequently he is now in the 67th j’ear
of his age. Having completed his academic
course, he entered Brown University, (Provi
dence, R. 1.,) where he graduated in ISOS. He
afterwards removed to Troy, in the State of New
York, where he studied and commenced the
practice of the law, and soon took a prominent
part in politics as a democrat. During the war
with Great Britain, he served as a volunteer in
military defence of the State. In 1816 he was
appointed Recorder of the city oi Troy ; but af
terwards, taking part with Mr. Van Buren in
opposing the administration of Governor DeVVitt
Clinton, he was removed from office by the
friends of that Governor, in ISIB. When the
anti-Clintonians came into power, Marcy re
ceived from Governor Yates the appointment of
Adujant-General, in 1821, and removed to Alba
ny, where he has since resided. On the organi
zation of that potent and secret association, call
ed the “ Albany Regency/’ Mr. Marcy became
one of the most trusty and confidential members
and advisers of the head, Martin Van Buren.
To his connection with “the Regency” Mr.
Marcy doubtless owes most of the good success
which has generally attended him as a political
leader. In 1823 he received from the Legisla
ture the appointment of State Comptroller.which
office he held for several years. In 1829 he was
appointed one of the Associate Justices of the
Supreme Court of the State; but in IS3I he re
signed that office, in consequence of being elect
ed United States Senator. He was in the Sen
ate less than two years, when he resigned, being
elected Governor of New York, in 1832. He
was twice re-elected, viz., in 1834 and 1836;
but on a fourth nomination, in 1838, he shared
in the defeat of the democratic party, and Wil
liam H. Seward was elected over him. After
retiring from the executive chair, Mr. Marcy
principally devoted his attention to his private
business, until Mr. Polk became President, in
1845. He was then offered and accepted the
office of Secretary of War. and was considered
through the four years of his service one of the
most influential members of Mr. Polk’s cabinet.
The duties of the War Department during the
Mexican war were arduous, anil were discharged
by Mr. Marcy with energy and ability. On
his retirement from the cabinet, after the elec
tion of Taylor and Fillmore, Mr. Marcy exerted
himself to heal the dissentions in the democratic
party of this State. Although decidedly oppos
ed to the free Soil and Wilmot proviso move
ments of Van Buren and others in the democrat
ic party, Mr. Marcy urged the union of the party
as essential to success, and therefore became sep
arated from many of his hunker friends. This
feeling against him operated so tar as probably
to prevent his nomination for President at the
Democratic National Convention, in 1852. With
a large section of the democratic party in thii
State, Mr. Marcy is not popular; but his ability
as a writer, tactician, and statesman, is generally
admitted.
SECRETARY OF WAR JEFFERSON DAVIS
Was born in Kentucky, and removed in ear'y
life to Mississippi, from whence he went to the
United States Military Academy, at West Poiit,
where he graduated in June, 1828. The satie
year (in July) he was appointed second lieuten
ant of infantry, in the United States army, and
was made first lieutenant ot dragoons, in 1533.
The same year he received the appointment of
adjutant. In 1836 he resigned his rommisson
in the armv, and retired to private life in Mis
sissippi. He married a daughter of Gen. Tavsor,
and this lady died several years since. In 1144,
Mr. Davis was chosen one of the Presidertial
Electors for Mississippi, and voted for Polk and
Dallas. The following year he was elected to
Congress, and served one term as a tnemba- of
the House of Representatives, excepting the ;ime
he was absent in Mexico during the war. In
July, 1846, he was appointed colonel of theiegi
rtient of volunteer riflemen raised in Missisj.ppi,
and distinguished himself particularly at Monte
rey and Buena Vista. President Polk offered
him the appointment of Brigadier-Geneml in
the United States Army, in 1847, but he declin
ed the honor. The same year the Legisature
elected him United States Senator, and hf was
placed on the Senate Committee on Military
Affairs, as chairman. He took an active part in
important debates, particularly in advocating
Southern rights, and his talents placed him in
the front rank of the democratic leaders. He
opposed the Compromise Union measures, which
were supported by his colleague, Mr. Foote, •"d,
being nominated as the State rights candidate lor
Gevernor, to run agatst Foote, he resigned his
seat in the Senate, . He was defeated at
the gubernatorial elefion, Foote being chosen
by a majority of abu* one thousand. He has
nee remained in Pl&te life. In person Gen.
wfctyis is of the mi(!d|*s[ze, and his habits are
and energetic ||is age is about forty-five
W, and he is well qualified for the
dunes of the War Dejwtment.
POSTMASTER GKNE'»I JAMES CAMPBELL.
This gentleman is | present Attorney Gene
ral of Pennsylvania, f vhich office he was ap
pointed since the Stg| election last fail. He
had previously been a®3Wyer of Philadelphia,
and one of the Judges f the Court of Common
Pleas in that city, fi 1851, au attempt was
made to elevate hitn t. :he bench ofthe Supreme
Court of the State, the ive judges of which are
elected by the people f the Slate by general
ticket. Judge Campb 1 being a Catholic, and a
special friend of JamaS iuchanan. was defeated
by the intrigues of G« ral Cameron, late Uni
ted States Senator, and sher enemies of Buchan
an ; and the Protestanl and Native American
feeling arrayed agaiit him. Consequently,
Judge Coulter, one of tie whig candidates, was
elected, with four demitratic judges. This cir
cumstance. with the ii.|uence of Mr. Buchanan,
have combined to give |udge Campbell his pres
ent prominent position.! He is a good lawyer,
and of active business kabits. He is, we be
lieve, the youngest meiAer of the new cabinet.
being about thirty-fi vejears of agi,
* •• ,
Col. Fear's Letters-o|r Bepresematives-The
Spirit Rappers—The Equestrian Statue—Patent
Office, etc.
Col Perry of the Soufim Patriot is Dow at
Washington as one of thf||wntt!( in the Gardi
ner case. His V!!ers •»
{he mule and irotn ‘“ JCijjAjfc ’ifc rh?
feresting specimens of that we
have seen lor a long tim«L l pjret
ty long extracts may sugse,*4Dgjj?e an r- |®J~b r
the whole.
Feb. 18.
This morning I went il company with Col.
Colock and Mr. F. Burt, to call on Armstead
Burt, who has been sick or the last three weeks.
He was up and sitting in his parlor looking very
well, and his lady extremely well. I met*Gen.-
McQueen and Mr. Wood yard this morning, who
are at this hotel. Abo it twelve o’clock we
went to tha House of Re 4 -tesentatives,and found
them in Committee ofthu Whole, Col. Orrin the
Chair, and presiding will, great dignity and en
ergy. The House was ii a , perfect mob, as it
appeared to me, but Governor Aiken said to me
that if any one else was in the Chair it would be
worse, and that Col. Or>- was about the only
member who could maintain anything like order
in Committee of the Whole. I have not had an
opportunity of speaking to the Colonel since my
arrival here in consequence of his being Chair
man of the Committee of the Whole. Mr.
Frank Burt and myself were introduced into the
Senate by Judge Butler, where we heard the
discussion on the California Railroad. Mr.
Dodge, the younger, was reading a speech in fa
vor of the Road. Mr. DeSaussure remarked to
us, that Dodge and his father seldom voted to
gether on any question. Soth Judge Butler and
Mr. DeSaussure are looking very well.
# * * * * *
THE SPIRIT IVIPPERS.
It is said General Hamilton, who is here and
looking very well, went to the spiritual rapping
last night, and was put in communication with
his two sons, who are dead. The General ex
pressed himself a convert and believer in the
lappings. In speaking ofiythis morning he was
affected to tears. The experiment announced
that the spirits of his sons were both present,
and exceedingly anxious to be put in communi
cation with their father. At that moment there
was fierce rapping. Enquiries were made of
their spirits what had occasioned their deaths,
and the response was correct. A gieat deal
more took place. General Thompsoq proposes
that we shall go and see them this evening.
* ******
Washington City, Feb. 20, 1853.
Yesterday was a very bed day, and instead of
going to the capitol, we wen l to see the spiri
tual rappers, Mrs. Fox and her two daughters,
who have filled the Federal city with amaze
ment, by calling from the regions above, all the
spirits of all the departed friends of those who
visit them. General Thompson, Mr. F. Burt
and myself went at 3 o’clock, and remained with
them an hour and a half. The mother was a
plain looking woman, wia good head and
good countenance. The (laughters were also
plain girls, and appeared to b@ sensible and well
behaved. When we went ; nto their room they
were all seated round a cer.|re table, with a gen
tleman who was conversingovith the spirit of his
deceased wife. He asked a g pat many questions,
some of which were ansv correctly, arid
others not. The poor man r med to be in great |
4rS P»t in com muni- I
communicate with him alone," ../* ’she promised
to do so. He wished t« know vben and she
replied, very soon. He asked if she had any
message to send her mother, and received no
answer.
Gen. Thompson then seated himself at the ta
ble. and asked if the spirit of his uncle, Dr. Wil
liams, was present and would communicate with
him.
There was instantly loud and impetuous rap
ping.
He inquired ifthers were any persons in the
room who saw him die I
The response was in the affirmative !
How many ?
T wo!
Who were they?
Perry and Thompson (
Who wrote his will ?
Perry!
Had any portion of his property been sold 1
Yes!
Who bought his fine horse Stse'e ?
His wife !
Was he happy ?
Yes!
Had he seen Judge Thompson, Mrs. Thomp
son. &o. ?
Yes 1
Were they s!t perfectly happy ?
Yes!
Did he find his religious notions comet 1
Partially!
The spirit of Gen. Glasscock was then called
for. and answered a variety of questions, all cor
rectly, as did the spirit of Dr. Williams.
Mr. Burt then took his seat, and called for the
spirit of his father, which responded very prompt
ly, and told where he died, was buried, &c.—
The spirit of Mr. Burt’s son was called, and re
sponded.
This is all very wonderful, to be sure, and still
I am incredulous, and cannot but think the
whole matter is an arrant imposture. Three
raps is yes—one rap is no. The old woman
runs over the alphaphet till she pronounces the
letier neci ssaiy to spell a word or name, and
thee is a rap, Names are written down, and
the spirit is asked to rap when the right name
is written or pointed to. In shis way the com
munication? are made, and after all it may be
lucky guessing. My mind is naturally skepti
cal, and I always require strong proof before I
believe anything strange and unnatural. I in
tend to go some day and call for the spirit of my
departed friend, Dr. Crook, and I have no doubt
there will be aloud and prompt rapping, and
that I shall learn from it a good deal about the
world of spirits, and the world of living men,
too.
But really, the most extraordinary stories are
told in regard to rapping, and the dancing of ta
bles in private familes. It is said Gen. Bailey’s
daughters, of Virginia, are performing all these
tricks as successfully as the Miss Fox’s. We
were told, too, by Mrs. Burt, of the same feats
being performed in her parlor, by Mr. Burt and
herself and Mr. and Mrs. Bell. They likewise
succeeded in calling up a spirit, or, rather, the
rapping of a spirit. Gen. Hamilton was put in
communication with his Vlns, who are dead,
and he believes in the truth and reality of the
rappers. •«-
THE SUPREME COURT.
Washington City, Feb. 22, 1853.—1 paid a
visit this morning to the Supreme Court of the
United States, which sits in the extreme north
end of the Capitol, below the Senate chamber.
In going from the House of Representatives into
the Supreme Court, one is struck with the great
contrast between these two bodies. They are
the two extremes of commotion and quietness.
On my return into the House, I observed to
Gov. Aiken the contrast which had so much
struck me. Judge Bragg, of Alabama, who was
sitting by, remarked jestingly, that the Supreme
Court was the only decent body in the Cap tol.
A distinguished member from South Carolina,
who joined in the conversation, playfully re
marked that the House of Representatives was
the extreme of rowdyism, and the Supreme
Court the extreme of stupidity. I enquired,
then, how it was in regard to the Senate. He
replied that the Senate had all the rowdyism of
the House and the stupidity of the Court. In
other words, the two extremes were united in
the Senate.
The Judges were all except Mr. Jus
tice Catron, of Tennessee. Judge Curtis, of Mas
sachusetts, is a very young looking gentleman,
and a very good iooking one. The Chief Justice,
Taney, is a hard featured Judge, and two or
three of his associations were far from having
been selected for their beauty. I am siise if they
had lived in the days of good Queen Bess, she
would never have made any of themjLord Chan
cellor. It is said Queen Elizabeth selected Lord
Holton and elected him to the woolsack on ac
count of his dancingand personal beauty. But
these Supreme Judges, ugly as some ol them are,
are all married men. They have been fortunate
enough to take the fancy of their wives. I am
very often wondering.when I see a very homely,
hard featured, ugly man, how he ever succeeded
in winning the heart of a woman. But, then, I
have still greater wonder, when I see a real ugly
woman, (and I have seen several thousand just
such in this city.) how it is she captivated the
heart of her husband. I can account for it only
on the principle of Mesmerism—the Mesmerism
of love.
But let me go baek to the Supreme Court.
There was a case before the Court from Maine,
and four Yankee lawyers arguring it. It involved
the constitutional power of regulating commerce
on the part of Congress. One of these learned
lawyers contended that if the Court decided
the case against his clients, a Yankee pedlpr
would not be able to carry off a load of wooden
clocks and nutmegs, except under act of Con
gress ; and that an old woman starting to market
with her chickens and eggs would have to en
quire what regulation on the subject had been
made by Congress.
THE PATENT OFFICE.
Washington City, Feb. 23,1853. —I went to
the Patent Office this morning with Mr. Burt,
and we spent several hours in looking over the
curious and wonderful things there. The print
ing press of Doctor Franklin, when he resided
in London, »ore than one hundred years ago, at
tracted my attention. It is the press at which
the Doctor worked all the time he was in Lon
don. The press has been purchased and pre
sented to the Natiocal Institute. It looks very
much like the one used in the Republican office
at Greenville about twentv-seven years ago
The military dress of Gen. Washington also at
tracted my attention, and likewise that worn by
Gen. Jackson at the battle of New Orleans.
They are not made of very fine material. We
also saw the writing desk used by Gen. Wash
ington through the whole Revolutionary War.
There is a noble bust of Robert Burns, the poet,
and a noble head and face he had. There is a
marble bust of Mr. Poinsett, presented by Mrs.
Poinsett; but it is any thing elsebut flattering.
The bust of Mr Van Buren is not a good one,
and does not do him justice. There were busts
in plastei of Calhoun, McDuffie and Preston, by
Clark Mills. A bust of Cuvier struck me as
something very remarkable. It is the largest
head, and one of the best formed heads I ever
saw. There are a few handsome paintings in
the collection—one of Job and his comforters,
which is the work of genius. A,full length
portrait oTijeizot, the great French writer and
Pr* mien ws» Worth looking at. But the cnoftG
remarkable things I saw in the Way of the ftee
arte, were two from Herculaneum.—
They were representations in marble of female
faces, and exquisitely beautilul. I suppose they
.were two thousand years old, and could not be
excelled by modern sculpture.
The collection of wonderful and curious things
brought home by the Exploring Expedition un
der Wilkes, is very large and valuable. I shall
not attempt to describle the Indian war weapons,
&c„ &c. Nor will I notice the birds of “very
color and variety which may be seen stuffed, in
the Patent Office. The snakes, seals and fishes
of many sorts we will pass over. There was a
stuffed ourang-outang. which looked horribly like
an African. It made me shudder to look at the
thing, so much like a human being, standing on
its hind legs with a club in its fore feet, or hands.
The mineral specimens were bevond number,and
some of them very beautiful. The models for all
sorts of machinery, and some machinery,besides,
were beyond my count or inspection. For inven
tion and machiney no people in the world can
equal the Americans.
I went with Col. Colcock this morning to see
Clark Mills’ Eqestrian Statue, and was very
much struck with its appearance. A few hours
afterwards whilst standing in the Rotunda ofthe
Capitol, a gentleman came up to me and asked if
I was not Col. Peiry, of South Carolina. I told
him that my name was Perry, and that I lived
in South-Carolina. He then informed me that
he was Clark Mills, and was glad to meet me
again. I was truly happy to see him. and he
gave me an interesting account of his statue,
and the one he is going to make of Washington.
He said he should make a great improvement on
the Jackson statute. I said that would be hard
to do. He repled he knew its faults, but was
not going to point them out. He is very much
improved in appearance, manners and conver
sation since I saw him last. I have seldom seen
one more improved. There was a considerable
storm the other night, and some one asked Mr.
Mills if he had seen his horse since, and wheth
er it was blown down. He replied, as we were
informed by Col. Colcock, that when the Presi
dent’s House wasfblown down, his horse would
be. and not before.
The wings of the Capitol are going on slowly.
It will be an immense building when these wings
are completed—oneot the finest buildings in the
world. No one ean have any conception of its
magnitude and beauty.
A London Bazaar. — [An American lady de
scribes one in the National Intelligencer:]—“ I
was at a charming scene a few mornings since,
the fancy bazaar at Chelsea, patronised by many
distinguished ladies, for the benefit of the old
pensioners. In my ignorance of the mode of
conducting such things here, I fancied that we
should be able to see as well as present a pretty
toilette ; so the sun being very bright, for the
first time I dressed my feet a V Amerieaine , that
is to say, not in two-inch soles; but, alas! at the
l hour appointed it rained fast; my escort appeared,
i glanced at my costume and pretty bronze slip
j pers. and recommended galoshes and preparations
i ny.A. In a few minutes wn were or. b-sard
one of Ihe ugty, uricohnforfable little beetles' fly
ing over the Thames, and a curious contrast they
are to our fine ferry-boats ; no awning, no pro
tection of any sort over the one crowded deck,
with only standing room ; yet they are not un
picturesque in the ease and swiftness with
which they run up and down the narrow river,
winding through the bewildering mass of boats
and shipping: never turning, merely darting at
the different stairs, and, without being fastened
in any wav, before you can speak they have
caught up fifty passengers. On approaching the
bridges, which are too low to allow the chim
neys to pass beneath, the smoke-pipe bends slow
ly, as if in a not ungraceful salutation to such
beautiful specimens of architecture. I believe
it was Canova who said that to see Waterloo
fridge was worth a journpy to England.
The new houses of Parliament rise with a Ve
netian look from the river which leaves one !a
cade, and if only built of clearer stone, or rather
under our own violet-blue sky. would, in its un
broken length of towers, carvings and statues,
he gorgeous We passe the ‘water-gata’ ot the
Duke of Buckingham, the last remnant of the
princely mansion of the superb Villers. Al
though the rain spun a mist about me, the trans
it was very novel and enjoyable; but when we
reached the entrance of the Hospital, and saw
the acre of mud to be traversed, carriages being
prohibited, I thanked the prudence of my com
panion which had vetoed the papered soles; and
gathering up mv skirts, and advancing in Eng
lishwoman fashion, I entered the immense tent,
which was filled with fashionables, and decora
ted with appropriate draperies. In the large
court without, were arranged the six bands of
the household troops, which opened together in
one tremendous, tympanum-breaking overture;
but, as the rain continued to pour down on their
unprotected stand, they relieved each other al
ternately within tent, the Cold-stream being
perhaps the best.
The stalls were filled with very pretty things,
but by far the most attractive trifles dispensed
were evidently the smiles of the dutchess and
countess venders. Over each stall was the
name of the lair owner, so that strangers could
judge whether the Dutchess of Sutherland and
her two daughters were entitled to the distinc
tion of being among the most beautiful women
in England. One of them is certainly pretty,
exceedingly pretty, but not beautiful to my
American eye. One figure struck me with
such amazemeut. as to costume and ensemble,
that I fairly stopped and gazed full at her. It
was the Countess of Ailsbury, who may he hand
some, but I defy anv one to identify her, en
veloped in a man’s Nankin sack, dowdy gown,
and most extraordinary of bonnets perched on
her head, with the spirituelle beauty whose por
trait you have seen. Prince Albert was ex
pected, which accounted for the general rush, but
it rained so perseveringly, even for London, that
his highness did not appear. Fortunately the
women do not mind such trifles, and it amused
me infinitely to watch their strides through the
pelting showers, with gowns drenched, and held
up to their knees.”
Knee Breeches and Buckles. — Oh ! if you
could but see your humble servant in the new
costume. lam sure that, spite of the respect
yuu naturally feel for him as your Paris corres
pondent. you would be moved to laughter.
Shoes, silk stockings, tight, small clothes, a
waistcoat with lappers, a velvet coat with a
standing collar, and worse than all, a cocked hat
and a sword. Such is this marvellous tout en
semble. The sight of yourself in it, suggested
a fancy ball once—but when you are delivered
at the Tuileries, you rather incline to the idea of
amateur theatricals. There is a man dressed as
an Emperor, but neither looking the part nor
acting it: there is a man in the habit of a Mar
shal of France, but whose thick, uncouth pro
portions, remind you of the strong man at the
circus, who catches cannon balls in the nape of
his neck; there are small men, seeking to pass
for great men: bad men. striving to look like
good men: and women of loose character though,
of high rank, putting on the semblance of virtue
and morality. If by any chance there are decent
people there, they are assimilated to the rest by
the garments they are compelled to assume. If
you never thought so before your fancy dress
convinces you now that the whole thing is a
play—not perhaps a farce, for it is not intended
as a joke—but a tragedj' with shades for the
principal characters. He mpans what he does
in good earnest, but the audience take it in jest.
The clown is vigorous and indefatigable—but
the uninterested spectators sigh for a rotten ap
ple, as the most energetic mode of expressing
their unbought opinion. —Paris Correspondent N.
York Express.
Anecdote. —Two men travelling together,
one says to the other, I will deposit this piste
reen under a rock, and after we have lode three
miles I will send my dog for it, and he will
bring it te me. He accordingly sent his dog, and
when he got to the place where the money was,
the stone was so large that he could not turn it
over. Two other travellers seeing the dog so
busily engaged, one had the curiosity to go and
see what he was about; when turning over the
stone he discovered the money and put it in his
breeches pocket. The dog followed them to
their lodgings and after they had retired to r«st
went into the chamber, took the man’s breaches
and sarried them horn* to his master.
— TTT—
VOL. 32 - NEW SERIES - VOL- 8 NO
Spain—Her Extent—Population— Taxes —Army,
&c., &c.
As interesting questions have arisen, and
more vital questions are likely to arise, between
the United States and Spain, it is a matter ot
some moment to know in advance of any coli
sion between us, the extent of her power and
her capacity to wield it.
Spain is snugly ensconced in the South-west
corner of Europe, between the Pyrenees, the
Mediterranean and the Atlantic, a position emi
nently favorable for the development of her na
tional character and which contributed greatly
to make her foremost among the nations in the
fifteenth century. The kingdom is however di
vided by lofty mountain ranges into several
provinces, having little intercourse and but a
sluggish sympathy with each other; she is sepa
rated from the Atlantic in great part by the
kingdom of Portugal; and her strongest fortifi
cation, Gibraltar, is in the hands ot the English,
which she has gallantly buWainly attempted to
wrest trom their grasp.
The -area of Spain is about one eighth, as large
as that of the United States; her population is
less than half as numerous; while her annual
products are not one third as large as ours. Her
annual taxes amount to 70 millions ot dollars.
Her army consists nominally of 104.000 men,
probably only 70,000 actually in ranks, which
is led by 672 Generals—twice as many as Frame
has for five times the number of troops.
In some respects Spain is improving. The
Inquisition was formally suppre sed in 1812.
During the Napoleonic wars, a Cortes, or House
of Parliament, was established and a constitution
formed which still exist and contribute in some
degree to mitigate the rigors of despotism, and
to arouse the intellect and patriotism ofthe peo
ple, though not one can be a deputy unless he
owns real estate worth S6OO per annum, and no
one ean vote, except professional men, who is
not 25 years old, and pays S2O in taxes annually.
In 1226 there were blit two newspapers pub
lished in Madrid; in 1850 there were 13 dailies,
with an aggregate circulation of 35,000 copies,
j»hd are said to be conducted with ability and
Wjrfnty. -
Education is vieing with the press in diffusing
light through the country. In 1803 with a pop
ulation of 10,250,000, there were but 30.000 per
sons receiving an education in all the schools of
the kingdom. In 1850 about 700,000 children
were in the public schools, on which the State
expends about $750,000 annually. About 1,100.-
000 persons are able to read out of a population
of 12,135,000. Manufacturers of wool, silk and
iron have all flourished during ihe last 10 or 12
years, and the country is said, by Mr. Wallis,
who is the authority for these statistics, to be
relatively prosperous and thriving beyond any
past experience.
The present government of de la Rosa has
taken one step backwards, by decreeing that
“no Foreigner will hereafter be permitted to
profess, in Spain, any religion but the Roman
Catholic Apostolic ”
The United States have nothing to dread from
the hostility ofSpain, yet the power of human
progress would dislike to witness a contest which
would probaoly arrest the advancement—slow,
it is true—of our old ally, to whom we can but
cherish a kindly feeling, notwithstanding her
arrogance and bloody cruelty.
California Then and Wow.
In 1845 San Francisco had but 150 inhabi
tants. In April 1847 there were 375 besides a
few Indians. In October ’47, there were 800.
In October'4B, 150 votes were polled, and in
December ’4B, 347. In August ’49, there were
1,519 votes cast. In January J 53, the city con
tained 30.000 people and about 10,000 voters.
In March ’47 there were only six vessels in
port, and on the 18th of the following Decem
ber only four, and no arrival for a week. In
January, February and March of 1843, there
were but nine arrivals of vessels, four ot which
were from the neighboring ports of Monterey
and San Pedro ; and for the last quarter of 1847,
the imports amounted to 549.000 and the ex
ports to $53,600. From the Ist of January to
the 31st of October, 1852, there were 827 arri
vals, with an aggregate tonnage of 370,345 tons,
and in last month over 200 vessels in port.
From January 1 to October 31. otthevear 1852,
the duties received at the Custom House amoun
ted to $1,560,842 15, and the number of passen
gers arriving by sea during the same period, was
58,851, while those who departed in the same
manner were 19,575. The first brick building
was erected in September 1848, and this was
the second brick house in Upper California,
there being at that date one in Monterey.
In the first two months after the discovery of
gold, in December. 1847, the amount of dost,
brought into San Francisco was about $250,000,
and during the next two months about 600,000.
Now it is five millions a month. The first
Protestant house ot worship in California, was
built by the Baptists, and was dedicated on the
sth ot August, 1849. At the present time,
there are eighteen churches, two of which are
Catholic and the rest Protestant. January 1,
1852. there were five daily and seven weekly
newspapers, twenty private bunking houses
twenty-four auction houses, four batr bouses,
sixteen bakeries, seventeen barber shop.,, forty
two blacksmiths, nine booksellers anil station
ers. thirty-three boot and shoe dealers, twenty
eight butchers, fifty master carpenters and b"ild
ers. sixty-two clothiers, nine dealers in crock
ery and glass ware, one hundred and thirty com
mission merchants, twenty-eight dry goods deal
ers, thirty-four druggists, nine furniture dealers
nine fancy dry goods dealers,twenty-seven hard
ware dealers, ninety-three groceries, six livery
stables, twenty-six milliners and dre-.s maker’s
shops, twenty-two house and sign painters,eight
saddle and harness makers, nine ship chandlers,
twenty-four stove and tin ware dealers, twenty
three tailor shops,eighteen upholsterers, forty-six
dealers in watches and jewelry, about sixty phy
sician*, and about one hundred and fifty law
yers.—N. Y. Express.
Rome in 1853—A private letter from a well
informed American, to the editor of the Tribune,
dated Rome, January 18th, gives the following
sombre picture of the present condition of the
Eternal City :
*■ Rome is in a wretched state. Supported by
France and Austria, the Governmentis proscrip- i
tive and cruel in ttie extreme. What with fines, i
imprisonments, expulsions, &c . scarcely a fami- |
ly, high or low, that has not been subjected,
within the last two years, to some severe pun- i
ishment for participation, no matter how slight J
or indirect, in the revolutionary proceedings of |
The authorities have announced their j
etermination to eradicate every thing like re- ,
publican sentiment, and every day witnesses
the execution of painful and rigorous measures,
notwithstanding the publication ol twoannesties
of the Pope.
“ There is a scheme in contemplation which, |
if earried into execution, will bind the poor j
Romans hand and foot, and consign them to j
slavery. The plan originates with Spain, as I
such a project should. It is proposed that the |
Great Catholic Powers should unite in lonning j
what is called a common Protectorate over the 1
Roman States, co.istituting them neutral here- j
after in all cases of war, and guaranteeing to
preserve the integrity of the Pope’s temporal j
government against all enemies, external and j
internal. An arrangement like this, which
would connect the integrity of this Govern
ment with the guaranty of foreign powers, would
be infamous in the extreme, and certainly, so
far as it tended to curtail the imprescriptable
right ot the Roman people to modify their form
ol government at pleasure, would be null and
void by maxims of public right, which no inter.
nationalcombinaticns.no treaties, can override
or overturn. I fear, however, fiorn all l hear,
this infamous scheme will be carried out.”
The Interior es Africa—lnteresting Sketch.
The Rev. Mr. Bowen, a returned Baptist
missionary, preached in Columbus, in this State,
Sunday last, and the Times of that place gives
the following interesting account of his sermon :
It may not be generally known that the
Southern Baptist Missionary Board has a Mis
sionary station in the interior of Africa, twelve
days’ journey trom the coast, upon the banks of
the Niger. The mission was established by
Rev. Mr. Bowen, who has spent two or three
years in the work, and is now in America, en
gaged in a praise-worthy effort to enlarge the
mission. He will return to Africa in the fall,
and hopes to take with him five more Mission
aries. Our esteemed friend, Rev. Sanders Den
nard, of Barbour county, Alabama, has resolved
to devote his life to the good work, and will re
turn with Rev. Mr. Bowen.
The Interior of Africa is a high rolling prairie
country, abundantly watered, produces corn, po
tatoes and the tropical fruits in great profusion,
and is as healthy as any other region in the
same latitude. The people are generally farm
ers, and cultivate the soil with some success
with the hoe; though numbers of them are
mechanics, such as Tailors, Shoemakers, Black
smiths, Weavers, &c. They wear shoes, panta
loons and tunics: are remarkably honest and
humane, and treat their women with considera
tion. They live in houses constructed upon the
plan of those so frequent in Mexico, which
sometimes are large enough to contain one hun
dred inmates. Their cities are large and reg
ularly built, some of them aie four by two and
a half miles in extent, and contain 00,000 to
100.000 inhabitants. The country is governed
by a King, whose authority is limited by a coun
cil of 70 elders, without whose concurrence he
ean exercise no authority ; crimes are punished
by courts of justice and every specific crime has
a specific punishment attached. No man, how
ever, can be punished without the consent of
the patriarch of his family.
The people believe in one God, and some of
them worship him alone, though the national
worship is directed to inferior deities both be
nign and malignant.
The public mind is open to the reception of
truth; the missionary is cordially received by
the people, and he is not hindered in his labors
by the government.
We do not know of a more favorable mis
sionary field than that now being opened on the
waters of the Niger, and we congratulate the
Southern Baptist Church upon the success of
their enterprise, and hope tbe necessary aid will
be promptly given to Rev. Mr. Bowen to ena
ble him to place his mission on a firm basis.
We understand that Yarriba is the chief city
of tne country above described, and that th*
population of tbs State is over SO,OOO.
March.
Blown by ruilu gusts, nun rutting scuds aloft.
March fills tho noon ; while loosed in grief, full
oft
The wiutjs bewail or roar in thunders by;
Yonder tho forest at tho Bound inelino.s
Its boary boughs that with tho movement - shed
Jewels around ; and, seo! a-nidst them shines
Tho d irling crooos, with defiant head.
Silver’d with snow, yet opening to the sky.
Strange are his moods : for now ’ti? splendor all.
Sow sullon gloom, now calm, now pregnant shi do,
Suushino and storm; now wakesttho waterfa.l,
Sow brooklets flow, and now in i'o are stay’d.
Yet, budding out. despite each fickle hour,
Green tints tho bank, and promise shapes the
flower.
Little Sue.
Dear little Sue, with her eyes so blue,
And her tresses of golden hair,
Her cheeks that rivalled tho peaah's hue,
And her lips so red and so fair,
How her silver tongue so joyously run,
When watching, she hailed with delight,
Mv evening’s return, while on my neck she hung,
Lisping her prayer and good night.
Poor littlo Sue, no more shall I view
Prom tho casoment her boautiful face,
Nor welcome at ove. for she has bade us adieu,
And vacant, and silent, her place;
Under the ground, wheroyon green mound
Covers small and new,
In a sleep so swoct, so quiet and sound,
Rosts my gontlo, my ungol Pue.
[Charleston. Connor
Romance in Real Life.
The sale of the greatest flax mill on the con
tinent says the Paris correspondent of a London
paper, situated on the frontier close to Courtrof,
has been the greatest commercial event of the
week, but would be of little import to us did it
not exemplify the prognostic advent of women
to the rule of the commercial world in France,
as well as that of the world of politics, and
that of gallantry, which they have so long;
swayed. The purchaser of the vast concern
is Madame L , to whom it was knocked
down after the warmest competition on she part
of some of the greatest mil owners of Europe
The history of this lady is perhaps one of great
er interest than that of many of the wisest men
and bravest conquerors of the earth ; exhibiting,
moreover the French element of character in
its most striking and advantageous light.
“ Madame L is the daughter of a mer
chant at Marseilles, and when still very young
was married to a Catalan officer in the ser
vice of Don Carles. During the whole of the
disastrous war which preceded the entire de
feat of the Pretender, and his final expulsion
from Spain, Madame L followed the for
tunes of her husband, and it was doubtless during
this time ot hardship and danger that both mind
and body became fortified to the task which was
subsequently imposed upon her. During one of
the skirmishes in Ihe mountains her husband was
shot. Madame L with her own hands dug
his grave, and fled alone with her two children
into the deepest solitudes. She well knew that
neither her sex nor her foreign birth would have
saved her from the fate of all connected with
the fortunes of Don Carlos. The peasants of
the district, although destitute as herself, were
less ferocious than the soldiers of her majesty,
and she took shelter in the mins of au old
convent, situated on a deep acclivity, frequented
only by the shepherds who came from the valley
below to tend their flocks. Wood was the only
comfort which could be had during the long and
dreary winter; of this Madame L , unaided,
laid in a good supply. By attending to the sheep
and stabling them during the night, she obtained
a scanty crust for herself and milk for her chil
dren without cost.
“In a little while the inconvenience and loss
of time occasioned by the obligation to ascend tba
mountain on the part of the women, when em
ployed in bringing food or messages to 1 heir
husbands, led her to offer to share her refuge
with the poor female pasants during the clay.
The great refectory of the convent was soon
cleared out by her industrious hands, and present
ly each morning beheld the arrival of the w'hoie
village lip at the convent, where it was found
by the women far more cheerful and pleasant to
sit and spin the livelong day, in company, in
a large, airy, well-warmed hall, and to see the
children merry with their playmates, than to
pass the hours in dreary watching lor the hus
band’s return, each one alone in her solitary
hovel, worried with the cries of hungry children,
and prevented from working by t.he daily journey
up to the mountains. The only remuneration
which Madame L received lor many mouths
from each of her guests was a weekly handful of
spun wool, which she would now and then sell
at the nearest town.
“ By degrees, and by dint of management and
industry, she was enabled to purchase for herself
the raw wool of the shepherds, and to beg for
work instead of materials trom their wives. Be
fore the summer was over she had alreadly con
tracted for the labor of most of her protegees,
and at the very next sheep-shea ring became the
purchaser of more than half the wool. The
winter following war one of immense prosperi
ty in tire village. No •otiqer forced to w’ond
j their weary journey to the town in search ol a
1 precarious sale of the produce of their labor,
nor up the cold mountains to bear provisions
for their husbands, the women found a buyer lor
the whole of their work in the person of Madrtno
L , who, during the second spring after her
| establishment in the convent,was enabled to take
a journey to the frontier, and there to contract
with one of the greatest wool buyers of Franca
lor the produce of her next winter’s spinning.
In three years the old convent of F was
found converted into a spinning factory ; in fine,
it was renowned throughout the commerce of
the north or the beauty and fineness ol its pro
duce ; and at this day it is the most impor
tant and thriving establishment of the kind
in all Spain.
“ Madame L has four ofthe great factories
constantly employed in the country, seven of
divers dimensions in France, besides several flax
and cotton mills in Belgium, to which by her
late purchase, she has added the most important)
in that kingdom. She is now one of the most
wealthy industrial capitalists of Europe. Shu
is courted and applauded ; associates with the
highest individuals in every country she visits ;
is the guest of sovereigns when treating com
mercial questions of importance. She possesses,
to the full extent, the influence she desires and
deserves, and yet she has retained the simplici
ty ol tastes she had acquired while sharing the ad
verse fortune of her husband, and the only selfish
luxury in which she has retained since her ac
quisition of wealth is the magnificent mnoument
of white marble which greets the astonished
eyes of the traveller in one of the wildest and
most solitary passes near Probedo, and records,
in letters of gold, that in that spot is buried
“ lago L , aged 27, who fell in the service of
his country.”
Wonderful Saoaoitt op a Horse.—Saaio
short time since, w! ile spending a few days in
old Prince George’s at the house of a friend, T
met with several gentlemen, and among them
Dr. R***#*#n, of Calvert, and bis brother; af
ter conversing upon various topics, the conversa
tion turned upon horses, and soma very surpri
sing stories were related of the wonderful saga -
city of that animal. One gentleman said that
he once owned a little mare, who invariably re
fused to pass by a window with red curtains,
and attributed lit to the fact of her once having
been owned by an old gentleman who was re
markably fond of his glass, and as red-curtains
are commonly used for bar-rooms, she had con
traded the habit of stopping at such places.
Well, said Dr. R., turning to his brother, Tom,
you remember my riding horse, “Old Charley
it’s a positive fact, that he was in the habit of
feigning the bellyache, for the sole purpose of
getting a drink of whisky, and the way I detect
ed him was this: 1 observed that he never had *
an attack, except when in the immediate neigh
borhood of one of our villagesor country stores.
It happened on one occasion, that the store near
which he was taken, was out of whisky, with
which I had been in the habit of drenching him,
so I was compelled to give him some spirits of
turpentine; he never was attacked near that
store again, but at the other places continued to
have his attacks. I began to suspect him, and
commenced giving him turpentine at the other
places ; and true as preaching, wherever he got
turpentine in place of whisky, his attacks were
never felt as usual. Finally, l got to giving
him whisky at home alone, and the consequence
was, that he never was attacked with his old
complaint oil’my own plantation—though he al
ways pretended to have it as soon as tbe saddle
was put on his back. I used to humor him,
give him his whisky, and never wanted whipor
spur to ride with, but as sure as I undertook to
ride him without his dram, he would act out the
character of the dullest brute that ever wore
hair. —Washington News.
An Argument for Drinkino. —“Now I ax
you fellers, who’s the best citizen, him that sup
ports government or him a3 doesn’t? Why,
him as does, in course. Wo support guvern
ment.. every one as drinks supports guvernment,
that is if he licker at a license house. Every
blessed drop of licker that he swollers that is
taxed to pay the salary of them ar officers, such
as Mayors and corporationers, the Constables,
Presidents and Custom-house gentlemen. ’Sposo
we was to quit drink—why guvernment must
fail; it couldn’t help it no how. That’s the
very rezun I drinks. I don’t like grog. I mor
tally hate it. If I fullered my own inclination,
I’d rather drink buttermilk, or ginger pop, or
Dearborn’s sody water. But I lickers for the
the good of my country to set an example of
potriotism and virchuous aell-denial to the rizen.
generation. _
A woman in Boston has commenced a suit of
divorce against her husband, because he would
not allow her to apply her tongue to the stopper
of the molasses jug every time she used it, a
privilege every Yankee woman considers sacred.
(“ Excuse me, madam, but I would like to
ask. why you look at me so very savagely ? w
“Oh beg pardon, sirl I took you for tny hus
band.”)
Murder. —Mr. W. S. Irby, of Alabama, whip
ped a negro man to death, not long since, and
was immediately arrested and bound over to
court, in a bond of SSOOO, Such outrageous in
humanity should meet the condign punishment
the law annexes to theerione. —Coiumbw Times,
3th imt.
