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JOURNAL AM) MKtfttiNtittit.
S. T. CHAPMAN & S. KO.>E, Edi'or*.
~~ T K R M S.
The Georgia Journal It Melon ‘ > it |>uWihed every lliiirnlay
miming in ihe cuy f Mucoii, t T line Dut r, iu advance, and four
iJolUmifnm paid nnliUlncvimalimi ofilic )eai.
11l paper will in n. instance b renl v> mlneribvr* out ‘hr SUI .
afier the firai ul June nrxl, uulri* firtt;,ui<t for : hut In ucci.niniodute
jhoav at udUlalicr.aud make it tin in tun mil, we will
acini a copy of the paper to any inn for t.e yean, who will pay rtie
Dollar* in su'van* * .
ADVKRTIS \MK.NYS inserted at the usual ratr-s— t)o*e not limit
ed when handed in, will b- ntscrieit till forbid : but a lilu ral dmrnuut
will be allowed l pir*ou? who advertise by the >cur, and who |u> on
demand. ,
All marriage notice’, ami all obituary nonce*, of over ten lines, will
be charged at the U’Ual rate*.
All announc* menu of candidate* for office, tube paid for at the
u-'ual late*, wnen inserted.
Liberal arrangement’ made with Count) Officers Pniggi’f’, Auc
tioneers, and oilier*, w ho may w ili to make limited coiilructk.
JVnton* advertising will pirate observe the following :
Sales of I.ml and Negroes by Kxecutor*, Adnuiu’ir.tor* and
tluardiaii’, art- required b) law to be advertised iu a public gaAettt ,
sixty days pK vious tu th d*v>f sale.
These safe* nin<i be to be held n the f rst Tuesday m t! c month,
between the hours of ten ill the I'orenti li und three in the xtiernoOtl,
at the court house in the county in w hieh the property i* situat* and.
The sales of Personal Property must lieatt trlised in like manner
forty daya. _ . , ,
Notice to Debtors and Creditor* of an estate must be pit hi mill'll
forty daya. . _ , r
Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary !>r
leave to aell Land and Negroes, must tm published weekly for four
Months. - . .
C tutinns fr Letßr* of administration must hr published thniytUiys
for On iim.ou fr..u \ Lnini’tratio n % /n inthly si.i mouth,—lue l)i
-lnisi<n from Guai-tliauiliip,///y flays.
Rules for foreclosure of mortgage must be published monthly /'■’
four months—for establishing 10-t papers, for the full sf,ore of turre
months—for compelling title’ from Kuutoi’ or Adimimnston.
where a bond has been given by the deceased, the full space oj three
months.
C-J* Letters on business tube {, *•;>•■■ id.
JtIACOK ttliO.
~~ Thursday, auril 22, 1847.
Mr. Webster.—The last Telegraph, in an article which
iloes credit alike to the head and heart of the Editor, proposes
that a public meeting of the citizens of Macon, without re
spect to parly, be held lor the purpose of making such arrange
ments a* are necessary for the proper reception of a gentle
man of Mr. Webster’s distinction and pre-eminent abilities.—
It is very properly remarked, that ‘ it is a question purely of
ftospitalit v and not of politics,” and therefoie that the w hole
population should unite in doing honor to one who has added
to 0111 national reputation abroad. Iu another part of this pa
jer will be found a call for the citizens generally to assemble
s<t the Theatre, THIS DAY, at 11 o’clock, A. M. for the
purpose of making the preliminary arrangements lor his recep
tion and entertainment. We sincerely Dost that those who can
conveniently be present will avail themselves of the opportu
nity of doing honor to one who, whatever may le his political
views, is universally conceded to be a pt:r* pat; iot, a profound
jurist and one of the ablest statesmen in the nation.
Thk next Governor —As oor political opponents are or
ganizing und preparing for the approaching canvass for Gov
ernor, it is natural that the Whigs should betray some anxiety
upon the subject. “The man,” as has been well remarked hv
the Savannah Republican, “who succeeds the present Chid
Magistrate, w hatever may be his political views, must he hon
est, firm, and endowed with capacity of a peculiar kind, or he
will lose reputation in the Executive chair.” All agree that
the ufiuirs of state have been more ably and successfully man
aged by the incuinhpnt, than by any chief magistrate Georgia
ever had. Governor Crawford has proved himself to be a tnan
of business, as well aa statesman. ll** has show n the people
a noble example, and they appreciate bis moderation, los firm
ness and bis impartiality. They see now thut a mere politi
cian—a mere partiznn—cannot fill the executive chair ms it
ought tasb* filled. The Whigs have the singular honor ol hav
ing reaiored order out of confusion—of having redeemed the
character and credit of the State, and of having given to the
people a safe aid sound currency. Under theserircumstiin e§,
it is natural that they should feel n deep interest as to the sue- j
cession. If the wise and prudent measures of Gov. Crawford t
are in good faith, carried out by his successor, our present
prosperity w ill not only be continued,but we may hope, ut nn
early day, to be relieved almost entirely from the burthens ol
taxation. If, on the contrary, the ancient dynasty should be
restored—if the Central Bank should, Lazarus like, come forth
from the grave—if the system of borrowing money at 8 per
rent, to loun out at 6, should be revived—if the Penitentiary
should again be so managed os to incur an annual debt of some
$12,000 —if. iu a word, the financial polity which was driving ;
the State headlong upon ruin when Governor Crawford as- *
surned the control, in 1811, is again udnptcd, we must expect j
quite a different result. \\ nstefulnrss und mismanagement of j
the public monies, necessarily bring after them nnHlmoßt end
less train of evils, such as full of prices, depreciation of currency j
and credit, bankruptcy, and taxation of the whole people to j
pay the debts created by a few political wire-pullers Georgia (
has had full experience in regard to these things, and therefore
will be cautious when called upon to establish a restoration
government. We have no fears that the Whigs will full into
the same error committed by their opponents, and forget the
true interests of the people, in their anxiety to enjoy the honors j
and emoluments of office. Fortunately for them, oil the j
Whigs named for the office are men of character and capacity
equal to the highest station—men who have the full confidence j
of their political fiiends, und who would fill the place w ith
credit to themselves and the State. The great point, therefore,
is to select a man who can combine (he full strength, not only
of the Whig party proper, but unite with us aLo the support- ;
ersof the financial policy of Governor Crawford To ihiseud, f
we hope that delegates may be appointed by the people of the
several counties, who w ill go to Milledgevilla unpledged to
any particular gentleman whose name is before the people.—
When assembled they can iulercliunge views, and ascertain the
true feelings of the majority • f those whom they represent,—
There is not a doubt that a nomination made under such cir
cumstances would meet the unanimous approbation of the
Whigs of Georgia,and result in a signal triumph of the noini
nee. We have great confidence (but such w ill be the result.— j
The gentlemen who have been spoken of, have too much self
respect, 100 mu. h patriotism, and are too ardently devoted to
the principles of conservatism find of ihe Whig pm tv, to allow
their claims to he urged, if such a pour** were to endutiger iu
the slightest degree the harmony or jcccxs of the party.— ,
They will not fail to council their friend to lay aside all per
sonal preferences, all sectional jealous n, and unite upon the
man who is capable to fill the place, and who at the same lime ,
can rally the undivided parly in hi* support.
Gen. Taylor’s Letters.—We give place to-day to two
very interesting letters from Gen. Taylor—the one addressed ;
to Mr. Clay,announcing the full of his heroic aon on the field
of Buena Vista; the other giving, in a familiar, confidential way ,
some details concerning that sanguinary battle, to lire General’*
bosom friend, Gen. Butler, of Louisiana. Nothing could give
a clearer idea, than do these letters, of the peculiar, the re
markable character of ihe man. Whether speaking of ihe he
roic efforts of his little army, battling, one to fee, against 20,000
Mexicans, —whether alluding to reverse or victory—whether
announcing the flight of the enemy, or the fall of the flower of
hisoflicers —whether referring to the Pesidency or the sugar
crop, the same simplicity of manner and language are appa
rent. There is in these letters no ostentation, no vatu-glorious 1
boasting—-no useless censure, and no unmeaning praise.—
Though writing from ihe field of victory, all rejoicing* are sup
pressed by the reflection, that “men enough had fallen to
clothe tha nation in mourning.” Though a soldier,he delights
not in blood or suffering, end though “ rough and ready” in the |
camp, his writings prove that he is no stranger to the refine
ments, the courtesies and endeurmrnts of the domestic circle,
lie is emphatically (he man of the age—one who stands out
from the masses, alone, uuapproached and unapproachable.—
When before, since the daya of Washington, have we had one
who could, or would, resist the w ishes of even a partv, in re- J
gard to the presidency ? Taylor seem* to have lost sight of
power and place, of “diadems and crowns/* iu hie uncontrolla
ble anxiety to serve the country and secure an early At honor- |
able peace. We are greatly mistaken if this very fact do not
concentrate upon him the affections of the whole people, ami *e.
cure to him, by a unanimity unparalleled, the very place he’
wishes to abun. The simple fact, that a man like hhn does not
desire so important and reeponwilila an office, is the clearest ev- -
idence of his capacity to fulfil its duties, and the strongest guar
nr.tee that he will bo “ horw*t and faithful to the conatitution.”
Unlike such men as Mr. Polk and Mr. Van Iluren, he will have
tome character to lottc, and therefore will be careful ol hia perso
nal honor and reputation, aa well as of those of the nation. Ihe
“ good people of tl* country” are tint only perfectly satisfied
with wimt lie has done at the head of the army in Mexico, but
they will, with one accord, proclaim him commander-in-chief
of both army and navy—they will eel! him to preside over the
destinies of the nation, and assign to him a place in their affre
tkma second only to the ‘ father of their country.”
0“ The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun
save that a letter lies been received in the former city, stating ;
That Mr. Calhoun dccitaet being a candidate fur the Presidency
against Gen. Taylor, and recommends hia friends tu support
•he old hero. We think that all the political aspirants to that :
, high atalion may at well •*.” • the people have taken
the matter in hand, and a ill teitU the qu- rtlon without the aid 1
or tdvii a of iiie leaden.
“du to, 1/1 > biiilti n cil'j “
( i h'ic inbuilt philosophy and inspiration iu the loregoing re- j
maik, and its truth i as important now, as in the onricni days.
; At ihe South, unfortunately, wc have too long labored under
the impression that cities will groir vp of their own accord,ns
do the trees in the forest. V\ e are disposed tao, to estimate
that growth by the number of bales of cotlou which annually
I find their wav to our markets, rather than by the industry and
enterprize of our permanent population. Wc place too little
; dependence in manufactures and the mechanic arts; wc spend
too much of our money in the purchase of mere auiiuul power,
und 100 little of it for machinery. The consequence is, that
production and increase of wealth and prosperity do not keep
pare w ith the capitul employed, and our cities, like ihe tree*
iu our pint: horrent, tue stunted in their growth, or go te decoy
nn I ruin. Our northern and western neighbors pursue quite a
different policy- They literally ** go to, and build a city,”—
Indifferent harbors, by them, are converted into cnpacioua
ones—(he want of natiguble livers is supplied by Railroads—
ihe labor of a thousand hands is performed by a few hundred j
! dollars’ worth of machinery—if water power fails them, steam
is substituted. Their daughters are accomplished it. house- ]
hold duties, rather than in the arts and devices and shallow 1
pretensions of so called fashionable society—their sons are put
into workshops, and made honest, industrious mechanics, in
stead of bar room loafers,and “addle-pattd” fops.
Those reflections have been suggest'd by reading recently,
in the Merchants’ Malta zinc, a well digested paper upon Low
ell and her manufactures; and also several newspaper articles
in regard to the “rise nud progress” of other manufacturing
towns iu ihe northern and western Stales. As facts are
; more important than arguments, wc beg leave to present to our
j readers some statement* w hich we have condensed from the
above, sources.
Iu tht year 1821, a few enterprising capitalists, in New Eng
land, resolved to embark in the business of manufacturirg up
on n large scale. They said, “do to, let us bui/il a city.” and
accordingly sent an agent into New Hampshire, to select n
suitable site; hut he returned unsuccessful- New England
furnished no coal, nr.d as wood was already scurce in lhai dense
ly populated region, water power wa9 necessary. They ac
• 1 cordingly turned (heir attention to the spot where Lowell now
stands,and purchased the property for about SIOO,OOO. ‘l’here
■ were four hundred acres of land, and the total population was
about 200 souls. In 1822 the first company was incorporated
and the fir*t mill erected. A quartern! a century has passed,’
I and Lowell now conluiiis about twenty nine thousand inhabi
■ tints —one third of whom are connected with the munufuctur
! ing eKtahli.-hmrntH—the other two-thirds hoviug hern drawn
tiiither for purpose* of trade and employment in the mechanic
arts. Os those engaged in the mills, 2,915 arc males, and 6,320
females, who earn from $ I 50 to $1 per week, exclusive of
hoard. Besides the print works, there ore now 83 factories and
550 houses belonging to ihe corporations. The capital invest
jed is $12,000,000. The quantity of cotton annually consum
j ed, is about 61,000 hales. The weekly produce of the looms
! 1,459,100 yards of cloth—equal to 75,803,000 per year. The
print shops turn out about 11,600,000 vmd.s of printed calic o
per year. The annual expenditure for labor, is at least a mitt
j ion and a half of dollars, to sny nothing of what is paid
I for provisions, fuel, Arc. Alt'. The total annual disbursements
arc said to be equal to half a million ofdtdlnra per month!
Hut Lowell is not the only town in the North winch has
grown up into importance in consequence of manufactures.—
Manchester, in New llampahire, in 1838 contained three hous
es. Il now \\n ten or twelve iminmse manufacturing estnb*
lishmeMts, and a population of between 13 000 and 14,1)00 souls. ;
I'itlsburg, Penn., within the memory of ihe writer of these
iir.es. wa<* a tow n not much larger than Macon or Columbus.
Mow, that city and its environs have over 40,000 inhabitants,
and have machinery within their limits, to diive which, are re
j quired about 400 steam engines !!!
I We might goon and enumerate scores of cities in the North
{ and West which have literally been built up within a lew years,
i under the influence of manufactories and the mechanic arts,
( not one of which (saving and excepting perhaps (he city of
j Pittsburg) has had any thing like the natural advantages en
i joyed by some half a dozen localities iu Georgia,
j New Englaii lis ice bound for half the year—she carries ber
! raw material thousands of miles, manufactures and returns it
for sale to the South, with all the costs and charge* and profits
ldded. The 61,000 bales of cotton manufactured at Lowell, at !
$3 ) per hale, are worth,at the South, say $ 183,000. When the
1 expenses of transportation.commissions, insurance, labor, &c
J Ate. are fi l led, the goods manufactured therefrom cost the
J consumer, if returned, as many of them ore, to the South, from
J,000,1)00 to 1,000,000 of dollars. Now the expenses of trans
! portation, commissions, and insurance, as well as the profits,
j can he saved by establishing manufactories nt home. Labor is
i cheaper at the South than in New England, and the cost of
iliving ought to be vastly less bore than there. New Eng
land cannot raise even her own provisions, but is compelled to
relv upon the middle and western .States for bread, for which
! she pays nearly twice as much us it is worth in the inte
j rior of Georgia.
Even the city of Pittsburg can afford to transport iron
in pigs from the vicinity of the Iliwnssee Railroad, down
J ihe Tennessee and up the Ohio rivers, a distance of near
| 2,000 miles, manufacture it and send it hack to the very region
. whence taken, for consumption ! This is done too, in the face
| of the fact, that the mountains of Georgia and Tennessee are
; rich in iron and coni, and that their plains and valleys produce ;
; provisions which can scarcely be sold at any price. How is
this? In it wise in us to remain mere agriculturists, to toil ,
! and struggle, and continue poor and dependent, while our iuot
’ energetic neighbors are multiplying their wealth incalculably
at our expense? Is it wise in the planters of Georgia,
the present season, for instance, to expend the four millions
of dollars, excess, which must come into their hands for
cotton, ill the purchase of more negroes to produce more
cotton, when the inevitable effect must be to reduce the
price next year ? Would it not he better for them to unite tn-
I tret her by tens and twenties, and invest their surplus in manu
factories? Would it not he infinitely better for them to “goto.
I and build a city,” os did the few capitalists at Lowell ? Eve
ry manufactory they erect will add some 500 to 1000 to the
i number of consumers, and consequently must, in the same
ratio, advance the price of provisions and reduce the cost of
the manufactured articles which are consumed on their farms
nud plantations. How long then, will the agriculturists and the
capitalists of the South neglect their true interests, and despise
the means which *'God and nature” have put in their hands,
I to quadruple not only the wealth but the happiness of our
i people 7
We scarcely deem it necessary to add a single word, by wav
: of giving these remarks a practical application to the city of
Macon. It has already been proved that the absence of water
power is 110 serious objection to the establishment of manii'ac- j
lories, especially where fuel is abundant. The limited experi
ment already made by our neighbors in Millcdgcville, so hap
pily alluded to by our able correspondent, iu another column,
proves the entire practicability and profituhlness of soch an un
dertaking. We will revert to this matter again, and endeavor to
show that Maeon has peculiar advantages as a manufacturing
town,ami th.it all that is Wanted to build up an important city i
here, is the complete union of the capital, eneigy and enterprise
ol her citizens.
To —When we purchased the Gearfia Jour
not, and determined to remove it from the Capital of the State
| to Macon, w e supposed, of course, that a considerable number
‘of the former patrons of the concern would withdraw. Thus
far we have been most agreeably disappointed, as the new tub
| tcribert have more than doubled the discontinuances . and our
list >k rapidly swelling, and bids fair to he overwhelmingly
large. We desire to send the “Journal Sf Mestcnifcf*’ to no
one, who is not willing and able te comply with the terms, and
will .foes not eotveefre that he gets th a full worth of kit money
should there be any others who think of discontinuing they
will greatly oblige us hy doing so at once, an it will save a
heavy expense for paper, and enable as without delay to ascer
tain what we have to rely upon.
Our flihuks are especially due to the Tost Masters, general
ly, throughout the £rate. for their poiitrncsi, a* well as their
faithfulness in toiuplyiag with the law . In almost every in
stance, they have promptly inhumed us when the paper was
not taken from the office, and in many cases, have forwarded
nn equal number of new paying subscribers .
SLBSCIBERS RESIDING OUT OF THE HTATE..
We find upon our Hat, the ntinea of a number of persons
I living beyond the limits of the State, who are doubtless very
worthy and very responsible,but who reside at anch a distance
that we cannot afford to pay the expem.ee of collecting the
money which they would in time owe us. The? will
excuse trs, therefore, for reminding them that their sub
scription* mmt be paid in advance, It ia much more
reasonable that a tew hundred man should trust us for
three or five dollars each, than that we should tzust them (scat- ‘
i tered ns they are from Mama to Mexico) for a thousand or
; twqlva hundred dollar#—not on# half ot which we could ever
hope to reniiae. In order to accommodate those perrons et a
I distance who think our paper worth paying for, we will agree
j to furnish it fur two years to any one who will remit us five
’ dollars, current funda, in adrauee. Where two persona reeide
at the same post effW end remit ua/re and Mars in advance, we
! will send each a psp-c. fr.r oil*.yMr. Thi proposition will re- \
I main open until the Ist day of June, after which we w ill exer- j
! cise our discretion as to the persons to whom the paper shall <
| be sent. * J 1
Our New Type.—lt was announced some tiina since, that
I the Journal Messenger Would appear in a complete new
dress by the first of June. We havo 11*1 w the pleasure to stale,
that the materials have been shippped at New York for Savan-
that, unless the winds should prove exceedingly ad
verse, our promise will he redeemed some weeis in advance of
that lime. I* will be a useless expense, therefore, to enlarge
the present sheet until the new type are received, when we pro-
I pose to condense the legal and mercantile advertisements, and I
furnish an umonnt of reading matter that will be entirely sat- ,
isfactorv to our patron*.
Im orta N'T’ — Postmasters, whose salaries amount to less
than S2OO u year, have, under the lnw as amended recently
by Gongress, the franking privilege restored to them , ns for
merly. They cun now remit subscription money to Printers,
’ free of charge, ns well as the names of new subscribers. Our
I friends in the several counties, desirous of subscribing to the
Journal St Messenger , would do well to take uoticc of the
above, as it will nti\e the payment of postage.
Sot;ih-wkstf.rn RAIt.ROAD Cowykntioh.—ln order to auit ;
the convenience, and at the suggestion of the citizens of South 1
Western Georgia, the meeting of the South-western Railroad
Convention, called for the 28th instant, at Americos, Sumter
county, has been postponed until 111#* INIII
<|;ty of il|:ay, when Sumter Court will be iu session, and
many gentlemen of talent will be present. It is desirable that i
it should be a meeting of the people as well an of their dele
; gates, therefore ALL who feel an interest in the enterprise, are
respectfully invited to be present.
(L/* All paper* friendly to the construction of the South
Western Railroad, are requested to publish this notice until
the Convention meets.
Candidacy —A writer in the Central Georgian recommends
Absalom 11. Chappell ns the Democratic candidate for Gover
nor, M ihe elec'lion to lake plum* in (IstobfY next.
The New Loan.—Tim Government loan of $18,060,000 has .
all been taken at something like two per cent, over par. The
Rational Intelligencer says that offers were made to the amount
of fifty-eight millions, none of which were below par. This
’ certainly proves that there is n vast amount of capital in the
country seeking investment..
Democratic Economy.—The beauties of Democracy me
now becoming apparent. They have generally abused the
Whigs as being iu favor of an extravagant Administration,
and iliut too, when their expenditures did not much exceed
thirteen millions of dollar. The Washington papers contain
1 the items of the appropriations passed bv the last Congress,
amounting altogether to the enormous sum of fifty-seven
MILLIONS NINE HUNDRED AM) EIGHTY TWO THOUSAND FIVE ‘
HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FIVE DOLLARS AND NIM IY TH lEE
.cents! All of this sweet little sum must come out of the
, pockets of the people, and m justly chargeable to the election
of James K l’oi k. By and by, aa in 1841, we shall be told
that it is a I! kig debt, because lorsootb, a Whig Administra
tion may have to pay it.
}dBT as wf. SupposFD.*-The Washington Correspondent
of the Commercial Times, any a :
“Bv-the-hv. speaking of Slavery, Gov. Butler, of South Car
olina, now of the United Slates Senate, suid, in n public room
I the other dnv to a number of Southern men, that he would
’ make his affidavit that the Northern Democrats were much
! more inimical 1o Southern Institutions, and doing the South
i much moie harm, than the Northern Whigs, though he had
quite a different opinion befoie he came here and saw for him
j self.”
The ex-Govcrnor will not find reason to change his opinion,
i especially when iie reads the views of certain Northern Demo
cratic presses, wherein they take distinct ground against Gen.
I Taylor for the Presidency, because he is a Slaveholder.
ID-We notice that J. Edgar Thompson, Esq. has been
j chosen Chief Engineer of the great Central Railroad of Penn
sylvania,intended to connect the city of Philadelphia with the j
1 great West. Mr. Thompson has been long and favorably
known to the people of this State as the Chief Engineer of the
Georgia Railroad —n w ork w hich reflects much credit upon his
! judgment and capacity as a scientific and practical Engineer.
He is a native Pennsylvanian,and we have no doubt will con
struct a work well worthy of the State.
Mr. Webster in SavaNnai?.—The citizens of Savannah
have with commendable liberality tendered to the lion. Dan
iel Webster, ihe hospitalities of the city, and invited him
to a public dinner, to be given on a day designated at his
convenience. This mark of respect comes from the citizens
without respect to party ; and we are pleased to see on the
committee the names of ruth distinguished and influential
Democrats as Judge W ayne, Dr. Arnold, and Capt. Jobn W 7.
Anderson. It speaks well for them and for the character of
the city, ao long and eo justly celebrated for its liberal hospi
tality to and stinguished gentlemen of all parties.
Commerce op Savannah. — We are imhbted to the Sa
vannah Georgian for the following gratifying statement in re
g .rd to the Comme ce of that place. Those of cur readers
who think that Charleston is destined to enjoy all the advan
tages resulting from the great Rail Road improvements of our
State, will of cou'se be surprised at the evidence of increas
ing prosperity here afforded.
Value of Exports of the Port of Savannah to Foreign
Ports for January, February and March :
1847. 1846.
American vessel#, $830,554 08 $lO9 345 04
Foreign vessels, 2,950.378 84 816.033 79
$3,180,932 92 $924 378 83
The AMtcnicrs Rail-Road Convention —A public
meeting was held in Albany, Baker country, on Saturday
evening last, and Delegates appointed to attend the South- i
Western Rail-Road Convention which is to meet in Ameri
cu, Sumter county, on the 18th day of May.
A Good One.—The Federal Union is trying hard to claim
Gen. Taylor ha a Democrat. The Editor seems to have for
gotten the recent basting which the old hero gave Mr. Polk’s
verv particular friend Santa Anna, at Buena Vista. General
Tuylor a Democrat indeed! The Editor of the Union might
as well call Polk a hero or himself a Nu I lifer ot the South
; Carolina stamp ? The tiling is two shallow The truth is
the political tricksters are becoming alarmed at the overwhelm
ing demonstration* in favor of ine old hero, and are resolved, if
possible, to frighten tin* Whigs from his support. But it will
b all in vain. Taylor is as good a Whig us Henry Clay ever
wus.
The Wrtto State Convention —The Savannah tZcptb
liean proposes that the Whig Convention for the nomination of
i a candidate for Governor, shall be held on the second Wednes
day, (the 9th day.) or Jui.Y, in the city of Mrlledgeville. Our
friends in the several counties would perhaps do well to hold
their primary meetings, and select delegates at na early a day
aa possible. We will be meet happy to give place to their
proceedings.
The Daily Steamers.— Persons going North, are remind
ed that the steamers which ply daily between Savannah and
Charleston, aro not surpassed in comfort or neatness hy any
vessel* in the Southern waters. What is more, they have po
lite, accommodating, gentlemanly captain*—men wlro study
the comfort and pleasure of the traveller. Pnsscngeia going
this route have many advantage*—comfortable berths and an
opportunity to sleep some six or eight hours between Bvan- j
nah and Charleslonr-and besides, will have ample time to dine
and transact business in CharieatoV before Mia tailing of the
Wilmington boats.
ff 7” On thv first puge will be found two columns of interest
ing anJ instructive reading matter.
CCF Persona wishing the aervicea of a superior dyer and ren
ovator, are respectfully referred to the ndveitisement of Mr.
Anton Haserw k, as he is a superior workman, and is ill every
respect worthy of patronage.
(FT Otrr readers are referred to the advertisement of Mr.
Thos. C. Demp-ey, in our paper this week. Mr. D. it appears
has on hand* very extensive assortment of both the necessa
ries ami luxuries of life, slid w hat is more he knows how to get
! customers, because lie advertises liberally. He las presented
u with a variety of specimens of his wares, and we ran wseore
our readers, that wheiber to puff, to sip or taste . tlicv are just
the thing. Those who doubt the correctness of our judgment
on this point are referred to his advertisement, and invited to
give him a call on the Avenue,
. . -A.... ■> in—
Essence or Corrr.e —Thlsia really aomethiug new under ,
the sun. Gnr tea rpoonfiit of the Essence in a cup of water,
with cream ard sugar, makes a most excellent beverage,equal
to nny thing tbst can be produced in the old fnhioned way. 1
Next to Mcrte's Telegraph, the Essence (mall lovers of good j
coffee,) must be regarded aa one at the greatest improvement* !
of the age. Bit Mr. Freau'an'a Ad%ertiacitif ut.
THE AftMY N'KW'fl.
Our latest dates from the arm) are to the 6th instant, from
which it appears that Alvarado was taken on the 2d, without
resistance. Thera seems to have been quite a race between
(Jen. Quitman's Brigade and Coin. Ferry, as to which would
have the honor of taking the place. Ferry beat Quitman about
30 minutes, hullo! the bird had already been caged. Lieut.
Hunter, of the ateainer Scourge, had quietly slipped iu,and to
him ihe town had sunendered. Some heavy ordnance and
munitions of war were taken with the place. The citizens
generally hud tied, and those who remained uie represented ua
having been greatly alarmed. “They, however, furnished coin*
fortahlc quarters tor the Brigade, which consisted ol the Ala
bama, .South Carolina and Georgia Regiments. Two other
small interior ports above Alvarado, named Tlacotalpan and
('oHumoloapun, were also taken. Com. Ferry was about to
leave with the smaller vessels of the fleet, with the intention
of taking Tuspao und all the small ports in the Gulf.
The preparations for the march on the Capitol were rapidly
progressing. On the sth iust. Col. Harney In cominund ol
ihe 2d Dragoons and a detuchmeut from Geo. Twiggs’ divis
ion, took possession of Antigua, capturing one officer aud eight
Mexican lunceie.
The army was to move on the 7th inst. in the direction of
Julupa, by divisions, Gen. Twiggs leading the advance,follow
ed by Gen. Patterson with volunteers, and Gen, \Vorlh, with
the first division of regulars,bringing up the reur. The health
of the Rimy so far was good.
In this movement the Georgia Regiment expected to parti
cipate,as Cupt. Calhoun, in a letter dated at Alvarado, on the
3d, says: “To-morrow we return to Vera Cruz. II no change
of purpose is wrought before we teach there, we will be ofl iu
a dav or fvo for Julupn, about seventy miles west; a most de
lightful und salubrious region. It is said to he, in truth,a land
of flower*, fine vegetables and most beautiful fruit. SN e find
at ihis place very large and well tasted water-melons; excel
lent b.iaanns, pine-apples, and various other fruits, to which
we of the North are strangers ”
Poor fellows, we tear they will ngainbe disappointed,ns the
army probably marched before they reached the city. J heir
fate has indeed been n hard one. . |
It was not known whether there would he any resistance f
---i sered at Jalaps. One report that Scania Anna was there
i with 20,f)00 men, and another that the nuthorites of the place
< had resolved not to defend it at uil. There seems to be no im
. mediate prospect ol pence. Ihe excitement among the people
j is very great, and the bill of Vera Cruz and of the Castle seenos ,
only to have exasperated the masses. This impression is con
firmed, by the great number of officers sent borne lately i
i on the recruiting service,and the rumor that the President in
. tends to call for ten thousand more troops. The inference from ■
j all this is, that Gen. tSioit will march upon the city ol Mexi- ,
<-o, w hile Gen. Tavlor simultaneously w ill be ordered to ud
vunce towards fcau Luis.
fro in Bn rope.
Neither the Cambria nor Sarah Sands, had arrived from
Liverpool at the latest and ates from the North, though both were
fully due. The dates from Liverpool are to the 2lst ult., hv
Packet Ship. Tile political news is not worth noting.
; Cotton had declined £d ~ hut holders of Uplands refused to
sell to any extent. Sales of the week, 16,450 hales—26oo of
which were for export. Uplands quoted ol t jii.
In Loudon the grain market was firm at former prices. In
dian Corn had slightly and ‘dined, but the demuud was stdl very
L'reut, both for Ireland and the Continent.
In Liverpool Western Canal Flour was bringing 40 shillings
per barrel, and Indian Corn was from I to 2 shillings lower per
quarter, but the demand increased with every indication of a
decline in price. Wheat and Flour remained fit in. Money
’ was still very scarce, and u considerable pm lion of the Mills
1 were working short time, under the impression however, that
ihe cotton crop of this country vvoutd reach at least tu'o mil
lion* of bah*.
A Mill later arrival, (the Oeeola) is reported at New York,
j with Greenock dales to the 25ili ult., but unfo Innately the
j i ’upturn brought no papers. He reports flour and provisions
ol ull kinds on the decline, and the store-houses well filled.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THF JOURNAL AND MESSENGER.
MI LLEDGEVII.LE, APRIL ‘2O, 1847.
Gentlemen —As the subject of manufacturing at home the
great staple product of the South—thereby saving to our people
millions expended in factorage, commissions, transportation,
&c. See .—building up u home market, and furnishing employ
ment for our industrious laborers—is one which engaged a large
share of the time of our lust Legislature, und to the vital im
portance of w hicli the South seems fully awakened, the fol
lowing statistical information in regard to the new steam pow
i er factory at Milledgeville, may not be uninteresting to your
readers generally.
The mill Ins now running arid ready to run 2,112 throstle
spindles—ordered, in addition, 1,000 ring spindles, 18 large
carders, with 20 flats each; 4 drawing frames, 3 speeders, 3
warpers, 3 dressers, SQ. looms, suited to weave osuaburgs and
sheetings ; 6 reels for yarns, put up by a yarn press; 1 turtle
hack w 1 1 lower, with 2 pickers and 1 beater each ; 1 wool card
er, which will be ready for custom work by the first of May
next. The mill is 36 feet wide by 87£ long, with five floors.—
It will spin per day. when all the machinery is in operation,
1500 pounds, average numbers; and the 50 looms will weave
, each per day, an average of 40 yards osnuburgs and sheetings.
The whole machinery is moved by u forty-five horse power
steam engine, consuming one and u half cords of wood per day.
The capital stock is $60,000, all paid in. The superior card
ers and drawing frames of this mill will enable the company
to present the public with a very superior article of yarns and
osnuburg9. The steady motion of the machinery, w hen impel
led by steam power, adds much to the beauty and evenness of
the yarns and fabrics. The company have lost none of their
confidence in the practicability and economy of steam power
over water power. When they have more experience on this
disputed point, they will cheerfully and candidly inform the
public with accuracy upon it.
Their yarns may be had and examined at the store of Mr.
Isaac VVinship, Cotton Avenue, Macon, and at many othpr
places in the adjacent counties. The company hove met with
delays in consequence of obtaining the best machinery, it be
ing in great demand w here it is made. They are in daily ex
pectation of receiving their looms and dressers; when received,
they will be able to furnish from 2,000 to 2.500 yards per day.
I w ill only add that operatives are obtained with great facility,
at prices satisfactory to them and profitable to the company.
‘Fhe preferences of the Democracy in these diggins for Gen.
Taylor, as President, seem to be growing stronger and riper.
Indeed, you must not be surprised if the Democratic guberna
torial convention, to meet at Milledgeville in June next, ehotj Id
formally nominate “Old Rough and Ready” for the Presiden
cy! Now wouldn’t that furnish rare sport ? Since Mr. Polk
stole poor Mr. Tyler’s annexation thunder,“thunder stealing”
has been considered a mere venial sin. The Democratic fu
glemen und field marshals are inclined to regard every move
of the Whigs as nothing but political “thunder.” In this they
have a shrewd rule by which they measure their opponents ;
and, as in the ancient Democracy of Greece theft was incul
cated as a virtue, on the principle that adroit robbers would
make efficient warriors —fio in modern progressive Democracy,
it may become a political tenet, that to “forage on the enemy”
is the surest test ol patriotism. If, in the present instance, they
should be deterred trom indulging a favorite piopensity, they
may possibly he influenced bv motives similar to those of Mer
cury—n primntive thunder stealer, one of Jupiter’s h’hoys,—
w ho, it is said, would have stolen his papa's thunder, if he had
not feared it would burn him.
The leading editorial of the Federal Union of the 20th inst.
presents a singular conglomeration of uneasiness, indie ision
and jealousy. It sets forth that“everal YY big papers ofGeor
giu” are rather in a hurry to “select one whose hands are im
bued with bloodshed” for the Presidency—that (though Gene
ral Taylor is a Whig,) if lie ho nominated for President, the
Whigs have no right to support him—that It Is “ boldly affirm-
rtf’that Old Hough is a Democrat!—and, finally, that “the
Whig* mav be compelled to hunt up another candidate. 4 *
The wliolecditorial borders on the ludicrous, and may re
mind you of a lawsuit which happened (ofcourse) somewhere
in the far West about a dinner pot. The plaintiff brought an
action for the breaking of hi* “old ’otnuriV’ pot. The defen
dants’ attorney plead three different and very strong points iit
answer to the charge against bis client.—lst, that the dinner
pot was not broken; 2d—that if broken, hia client didn’t break
it; and,thirdly and lastly, that the plaintiff never bad a din
ner pot! ! Yours, dec. A.
Wfett flMrMi
Hnour Inland Election. —The triumph of the Whig*
at the recent Election in Rhode Island, was complete ; Eli
sit aII a hiiis. W lug. and Law and Order Candidate, is elected
(jovernnr. Both branches of the Legislature are Whig by
decided majorities. In the Custern Congressional District,
K. B. Cranston, Whig, has been re-elected. In the Western
District there was no choice, the Whigs having divided up
on 1 third Candidate,
New York Election. —The Whigs have carried the Char
ter Kler ‘ion of the city of New York, tor the first time in eight
years, by a majority of 1,735 votes—electing their Mayor and
two thirds of both branches of the City Council. This is glory
enough lor one day.
Aoiioara.—Tbo late Municipal Election in Augusta, result
ed in the re-election -f the Whig candidate, L.'l). Ford. for
Mayor. Messrs. Phiisti,Carvin. Kirkpatrick. Hadley, Hopkins,
Dug as, Bishop, Huff. CaiHey, km hen, Harper ana lint, wcie
elected Aldermen. Nine VVhigs to four Democrats.
Murk Gripe ani> Canister.—ln addition to tlte city of
New York,the Whk'aof Brooklyn, Albany Williamsburg, N.Y.
New Orleans and Newark, New Jersey, have carried their Mu
nicipal Elections by triumphant majorities. The majority in
Albany is 2.472, ami in Brooklyn 1000. The “Hough and
Heady bo) a” ure rapidly multiplying, and by NovatnUcr 1818,
their name will be legion.
IJ” The Whigs of Cincinnati, at their Chnrfer Flection re
cently, nr. hinted a gre..t victory, electing their Mayor by n
majority of from 800 to 1,000, and the City Muishul and Coun
cil, by a still increased majority.
Fruit* or a Whs Victory —We were informed yes
i terdav that the Second Municipality Honda, which on Mon
| day tanged at from 80 to 82 cents on the dollar, had ricn
Ito 00. Bo much for public confidence in i Whig adminie- ;
Uaiion.— [N. 0. Bee.
Congratulatory Order.—Below will be found the 1
congratulatory address of Gen. .Scott, to the Army under ; t
his command at Vera Cruz. It is altogether a very cred I
liable production., and speaks in becoming terms of praise ol j
the brave men who distinguished themselves on the occasion, j
The cupture of Vera Cruz and the reduction of the Castle,it i 1
was supposed npuld not be effected without a great waste ol
j blood and treasure ; yet we find Gen. Scott accomplishing the
task with less tliun half the armament intended for the pur
pose, and w ith a comparatively trifling lossof life. In Europe
the result will be regurded with astonishment, us one of the
greatest military triumphs of the age—the more ramarkable
became accomplished at so small a sacrifice on the pan ol the j
invading force. Gen. Jeslp, we learn, on reaching Tampico,
contacted lor some three thousand pack mute* to he delivered i
in a few days ut Veru Cruz. It is his purpose to forward a large j
number from New Orleans, the Brazos, and other points. The j
object ol all this, is to enible (Jen. .Scott to move upon the ;
capilol; so that we may safely calculate, either upon an early
peace, or that Gen. Scott will take his “ busty plate of soup” j
on the Ith of July in the “ Halls of the Montezuma f.”
Head Quarters of the Army, Vera Cruz, )
Match 3U, 1847. $
General Order* — JVo. 80.
The capture of this well fortified city, the emponumof Mex- 1
ican commerce, with the castle of Sun Juan de. Uluu, the ene- !
my’■ principal fortress, with 5000 prisoners und as many stand I
ot arms 400 pieces of ordnunce urn! a large quantity of old- i
nance stores, has added to the glory ol American arms uc- j
quired elsewhere in this war, and cannot fail to contribute pow
erfully to an early peace—so much desired by the United |
Slates.
These important achievements have established anew base, |
and opened a shorter and heller line of operations upon the euc- j
i niy’s capilol and centre of resources;
The general-in-chief congratulates the armv lie lies the hon
i >r personally to command upon this P'ffliunt opening of anew
! campaign, and tenders, on the part ot the United States, inline- !
diute thanks to ull the corps —regular and volunteer, including
a detachment of marines, under Cupt Edson—which formed
1 the line of investment and prosecuted the siege to its happy
conclusion. The troops have borne the heaviest labors, in
I camp and in trenches, without failure or murmur, amidst sand
storms of distressing frequency and violence; skirmishes by j
day und night, and under the incessant fire of the enemy’* 1
heavy batteries of the city and cislle The steadiness und
j cheerfulness of the officers and men, under the circumstances,
| are worth y of ull praise.
The general-in-chief sincerely regrets that he cannot give
I lie mimes ol the hundreds, or rather thousands, to whom par
ticular thanks are due on this occasion. He can only enumer
ate the few who were isolated by rank or position, as well as
by noble services. Os this class he is happy to name Brevet
Brig. Gen. Wortli (now brevet major general) and Brig. Gen.
i’wtegs, commanding the regular brigades) Maj. Gen. Patter
j son (second in comm ir.d) und his three brigadier generals—
Pillow, Quitman and Shields, of the volunteer division; Col.
Harney, commander of the iegulnr cavalry : Col. Totten,chief
of engineer*) Col. Bankhead, chief of artillery and command- !
er oi the batteries, ably assisted in succession, by other field ;
officers of artillery; Cupt. linger, acting chief of ordnance,
I much at the batteries, and assisted ablv in supplying them by
Capis. Cross and Irwin, both of the Quartermaster’s Depart
ment; Lieut. Col. Hitchcock, acting inspector general; Maj
I mubull, acting chief'of topographical engineers; Maj. Mac-
Ree, acting chiel of tlm Quartermaster's Department; Captain
| Grayson, acting chief of the commissariat; Surgeon General
Lawson and the personal stuff of the gemuul-in-cliief—l ieuls.
ILL. Jtscolt, Williams. Scniiiinoi and I .ay—with the oCeasion
: ul aid of Capts. Lee und Johnson, of the engineers and topo
graphical engineers, and Cupt. Monroe, acting assistant in
spector-general.
j To the commissioners, Brevet Maj. Gen. Worth, Brie. Gen.
Pillow, and Col. Totten, including Capt. Auliek, of the navy,
who so ably negotiated and arranged the terms of capitulation
with the enemy’s commissioners, great credit is also severally
due in that distinct capacity.
Thanks higher than those of the general-in-chief hove been
also earned by the entire Home Squadron, under the succes
sive orders of Commodores Conner und Perry, for prompt,
, cheerful and able assistance from the arrival of the nimy off
this coast. Besides landing troops ami supplies,and the strict
blockade of this port, the small* r vessels, detached by Commo
dore Perry, under the immediate command of Capt Tattnall,
joined fora time in the attack upon the city, at the imminent
risk of being sunk hv the fire of the castle; and the land batte
ry No. 5 (called the Naval) which followed Nos 1,2, 3 and 4,
! (served by the army,) at the end of two days was exclusively
(afterbeing prepared by the engineer!- and troops of the armv)
armed, manned and commanded out of the squadron. This
battery ,|in the successive tours of the gallant Capts. AuTck and
Mayo, proved itself highly effective. By command of Major
Gea. Scott. H. L. SCOTT, Acting Ass’t Adj. Gen.
Gen. Taylor’s Correspondence —Commenting upon the
correspondence between Gen. Taylor and the War Depart
ment, lately promulged through the Washington Union, the
New York Commercial Advertiser, certainly one of the coolest,
■ most intelligent and judicious of the public prints, says:
“But more clearly than any thing, the correspondence shows,
the sagacity,the sound lodgment, the liisrli military intelligence
of Gen. Taylor. It is impossible to read without admiration
his early despatches, written when he had advanced no farther
than IVlatamoras, describing the military features of the coun
try beyond, the characteristics of the inhabitants, Ac. and giv
ing his opinions as to the proper course to be pursued and the
requisites for making the? campaign effective. With the knowl
edge we now have, purchased bv theexperience of subsequent
eventful months, we are in condition to appreciate the accura
cy of hi# views, ihe literal fidelity of his delineations; and
withal we are constrained to pause, at frequent intervals, and
contemplate with satisfaction the clearness ami force of his
language, w hich nlwavs seems to be exactly the most appro
• printe ifiat could have been selected. It is some offset to the
evils of the war, that it has made known to the American peo
-1 pie the existence among them of u ereat man, whose extraor
dinary merits had too long been unknown.”
From the Lexington (Ky ) Observer.
Lieut. Col. Henry Clay. —The publication in this
day’s paper of Gen. Z. Tty lor, communicating the fact of
Lieut. Col. Henry Clay, Jr., being killed in the bloody hi'.tie
of Buena Vista, forms a suitable occasion to piesent a brief
notice of ihe deceased.
, He was the third son of ihe Hon. H. Clav, of Ashland,
and Lucretia, his wife, and was horn the 10th day of April,
1811. At the age of 16. he graduated at Transylvania Uni
versity, and shortly afterwaids entered, as a Cadet, in the
public academy ut West Point, where he remained the usual
period of four years. Such was his diligence in hi* studies
that, in a class of about sixty, he obtained the second honor.
He declined accepting the commission in the army, which is
generally tendered to the graduates of that institution, and
applied himself to the study of the Common and Civil Law.
His delicate heullh prevented his practice of his profession,
for which he was well qualified. He mirried, in 1832, Julia,
the daughtet of Thomas Praiher, E q , of Louisville, and in
company with her went to Europe in 1835, where they re
mained eighteen month*, and where they lost their eldest
child. On his return to Kentucky, he twice represented hi*
native county of Fayette in the General Assembly. In Feb
1840, he lost his lovely, beautiful and accomplished wife, and
> was so much affected by the melancholy event that he never
emiiely recovered from itsfleets, and resolved never to mar
ry again. He removed to Lowfcville a few years ago, and
occupied himself chiefly with the care and superintendence of
the education of his three children, to whom he was passion
ately attached. When last spring a call was made upon
Kentucky for volunteers under the act of Congrevs, authoriz
j mg the acceptance of the service* of fifty thousand, he was
among the first t > tendei himself to (Ik* Governor of the State.
Appointed second in command of the 2d Regiment of Infant
ry. upon the rendezvous ot the Regiment t Louisville, he
devoted himself, with untiring zeal, to the discipline of the
Regiment, and upon its arrival in Mexico, whilst hi* sword
arm was broke accidentally, he continued with hia left arm
to weai his sword and daily to muster his regiment. Such !
was the success with which it was drilled and disciplined,
that Gen. Taylor ie believed to have reposed more confidence
i in it than in any other volunteer regiment under hts com
mand. and hence was assigned to it the moat perilous and
j important duty, timing the battle.
I With a highly cultivated and improved mind without a
single vicious habit, the bearing ot Uo|. Ulay was always
manly and noble. Dignified but affable, his deportment and
action were ever regulated by the nicest sense of honor and
propriety. Perhaps Ins studies at Weal Point, und the sc
i elusion from society, enjoined by ns rule, had led him to form
I 100 high * standard of perfection for mankind ; but if he was
; -hocked by any deviations from that s'andard, winch he oh
j served in others, ho constantly emJeavoied to conform to it
himself. His duty to Ins country, anJ his sense of the obli
gations which he owed it for that part of his education which
he rece.ved at West Point, impelled him to the field of liable,
. m which lie has met an untimely death. The Commander- |
m-Cliicf, and all other accounts concur, an to the coolness
and gallantry with which lie bore himself in the last momen *
of his existence. The grief at Ashland, the terns of his or- ‘
phan children, the heart bit sorrows of a luge circle of devo- 1
ted friends, attest the loss mid Ihe virtues of the depirted son,
father, bro tier, friend, and that a great and irreparable be
reavement has been sustained. May that God, to whose j
realms of bliss there is reason to hope he has gone, temper I
this heavy affliction lo the bleeding hearts of his father and
mother, who have rn< t with so tinny severe trials, and to his !
I infant children, who have been so early bereft of both a moth
| er's tenderness, and a father’s care !
We have been permitted to publish the following letter of
Gen. Taylor, addressed to the Hon H. Clay, so creditable to
the heart of the General, ss well as to Ihe officers he men
! lions, who fell in the battle of Buena Vis a.
Hlau QuAiiTis* Arm? or OccrrATiojr, ?
Agu.t Nuevs, Mexico, March 1, 1847. 5
Mv Dear Sir—You will no doubt have perceived, before!
this can n nch you, the deeply distressing intelligence of the |
death of your son in the battle of Ducr.a Vista. It is will) 1
no wish of intruding upon the sanctuary of parental sorrow, (
and with no hope of administering any consolation to your j i
wounded heart, that I have taken the liberty of i
you these few lines; but I have fell it a duty which I owe
to Ihe memory of the dis ingu'shcd dead, to pay a willing trt- (
bu e K) his many excellent qualities, ami while my feeling*
are still fresh, to • xpresa the denotation which his uniinely
loss and that l other kindred spirits has occasioned.
1 had but a casual acquaintance with y*ur *on. until he
became, for a time, a member of my military family, and I
can truly say. that no one ever won more rapdly upon my
regard, or establish* and more lasting claim to my iepecl and
esiecm. Manly and honorable in every in pulse, with no
feeling hut for tin honor of the servic e and ot the country, h e
gave every assurance that in the hour ol need 1 could lean
with confidence uj'on his support. Nor was 1 disappointed.
Under the guidance of himself and the lamented McKee. ga|.
lantly did the sou* of Kentucky, in the thickest of the strife,
uphold the honor of the State and of the country,
A grateful people will do justice to the memory of those
who fell on that eventful day. But I may be permitted to
express the bereavement which I feel in the loss ol valued
friends. To you* son I fell hound by the strongest tiea of
private regard, and when I miss his familiar face and those 0 f
McKee and Haulm, I can say with truth, that I feel no exult
ation in our success.
With the expression of tny deepest and most heartfelt sy m .
pathies for your irrepaiabls loss, 1 remain, my dear sir, must
faithfully mid sincerely,
Vour bind, Z. TAYLOR,
lion. Hun nr I'ui, Now Orleans, La.
GEN. TAYLOR S LET! ER.
Headquaktkns at Ac.ua Nt'l VA, )
Army of Occupation, .Mexico, Match 4, 18*17. £
My Dear General - Your very acceptable and interesting
! letter ot the 15th November last, reached me on the 24ili of
December, while on the march from Monterey to Tampico ;
but the nature of my duties since then (being the moat ol the
time in the saddle,) in addition to other matters, has prevented
me from replying to it until the present moment. Be assured,
mv clear sir, 1 have not since then lost sight ol it or yourself;
nmi I (eel highly gratified for the flattening manner in which
\ou have noticed the conduct of the ollicers and suhlie.s who
marched with me from the Kio Grande to Monterey, nod com
pelled that piece to surrender after much hurd lighting, as ihey
lolly merited the hum Dome encomiums you have thought prop. ‘
*i to bestow on them. For tins you have my sincere th inks.
[The General then alludes to the misrepresentations which
had been made in regard to Mnj. Gen. Butler, at Monterey.
I lume misrepresentations had been the subject ol conversation
between them, and lelt no feeling like distrust or unkindness
towards eueh other in their breasts. The letter then goes on:)
I was aware of the report as well as statements in a few of
the public journals, that it w as intended by certain individuals
to bring l*en. Butler forward ns the successor to Mr. Polk,
which gave me no concern, and would not even had it been the
case, which 1 did not credit and which had been forgotten |
: doubt if the subject would have again crossed my mind, hud it
not been brought to my notice by you or someone else. I
| have never heard him or any of his friends allude to this matter.
He (the General,) in consequence of his wound not healing,
which guve him so much pain as to render him unfit for duty,
left u short time since by advice of his medical attendant lo r
New Orleans, w here I hope lie has arrived in safety, and where
I truly hope he will very soon recover so us to he able to take
the field once more.
I may observe that I have been also named ns a candidate
for that high office by a few newspaper editors and others,
which has been done without inv knowledge, wishes or consent.
This 1 have assured ull who have written ine on the subject;
assuring them 1 had no aspirations for that or any other civil
office ; that my whole energies, mental and physical, were and
had been absorbed in such a wav as I thought beat calculated
to bring this war to u speedy and honorable close, believing it
w tor the interest of both countries the sooner it whs dons
the better—hi any rute so far as ours was concerned) and that
President making should be lost sight of until this wus accom
plished.
IH ere follows a brief statement of events from the time of
Gen. Scott's arrival at the Brazos till Gen Taylor returned
from Victoria to Monterey. The letter then proceed*;}
I retraced my step!* to Monterey, where I arrived towards the
latter part of the month [January,] and where I expected to
remain some time to recruit myself and horses) but a few days
after mv arrival I received information from the command in
my front at Saltillo (65 miles In the direction of Snn Luis Po
tosi from Monterey,) that the command—between 4000 and
5000 strong—under Gem Wool hud become very much alarm
ed in consequence of about 100 picked men and horses, belong
ing to the Kent uck v and Arkansas regiments of mounted men,
who were sent out towards Sail l.uis to gnirf intelligence re
specting the enemy and t watch their movements, having been
taken, uftet being surrounded in the night and nil made pris
oners by a large force of cavalry, about 50 miles in advance of
| Saltillo. .So said one of the party Who succeeded in making
his escape the next night and getting back to Saltillo, also
that (be Mexican army was advancing in great numbers to
wards Saltillo. These reports induced me to join my advance
immediately. Leaving Monterey on the 31s| January,l reach
ed Saltillo on the morning of the 2d February with a small re
inforcement, which increased my force to 5000, when 1 lost no
time in moving forward and establishing a camp at this place,
about 20 miles in advance of Saltillo on the San Luis road, for
the purpose of carrying on a system of instruction, as w*|| an
to watch the movements of the enemy, and where I expected
1 to fight him should lie attempt to move on Saltillo. Here I
; remained until the 21ss f examining the several passes through
the mountain*—at which time I ascertained that Gen. Santa
Anna was advancing and near at hand with an overwhelming
, force. Not exactly liking my position, having ascertained
that he could gain my rear by two roads on my right and one
on my left, and not deeming it prudent to divide my forces, and
having apprehensions about nit supplies which were in Sal- *
rillo, I determined at once to fall hack towards that place about
| twelve miles, and occupy a strong position between two spurs
‘of a mountain with a narrow valley between them, where at
j one point the road i* so narrow as to permit the passage of on
ly one wagon at a time, with deep gullies funning up to the
; mountains, washed by the raihs so as to prevent horse* or car
riages from passing them without grt-at difficulty* Said poai
(iori had been closely examined by the topographical engineers
I under the eye of Gen. Wool before my arrival, who deemed it
admirably adapted to resist a large with a small force, os well
as adapted to the description of force w hich composed our ar
‘ my. We therefme fell hack and occupied it on the evening of
’ the 21 st. and at once made the necessary preparations for giv
! irig battle.
The next day the enemy made bis appearance early in th”
j day, and, after reconuoitering our position lor some time, ot *2
; o’clock, I*. M., I received, by a staff officer with u flag, a com
munication from Gen. Santa Anna requiring me to surrender
at discretion, stating tint in the event of my doing so we should
lc well treated; that he had surrounded me with morf tlnn
! 20,000 men; that resistance was out of the question —and, it I
attempted it. my command would be put to root und must hs .
destroyed In reply, I stated I could not comply with hi* de
mand, and be was at liberty to commence operations whenever
he was inclined to do so. Soon after this, the action was ci.ra
inenced with his skirmishers on our left, which was promptly
met bv ours, and continued Without intei mis.'ion on the side of
the mountain until dark.
In the morning at sunrise he renewed the Congest within
overwhelming force—with artillery, infantry and dragoons—
which lasted with very slight intermissions until dark. A por
tion of the time the contest was much the severest I have ever
witnessed, particularly towards the latter part of the day. when
he (Santa Anna) brought up his reserve, and in spite of every
effort on our part, after the greatest exertions I have ever wit
| nessed on both sides, drove us bv an immense superiority of
numbers for some distance He had at feast five to one nt that
point against us. Fortunately, nt the most critical moment, ‘
iwo pieces of artillery which I had ordered up to support that
part of our line met our exhausted men retreating, when they
wer • brought into battery and opened on the enemy, then with- |
in fiflv yards in hot pursuit, with canister and grape, which
brought him to a halt and soon compelled him to fall hack. ;jj
In this tremendous contest we lost three pieces of artillery, 1
nearly all the men nnd horses having been killed or crippled,
which put it out of otir power to biing them off; nor did 1 deem *
i it advisable to attempt to regain them.
The enemy made his principal efforts against our flunks
He was handsomely repulsed rn every attempt on our right,
but succeeded early in the dot In gaining our left in conte- ,
qnence of the giving way of one of the volunteer regiments
which could not be ruliied with but few exceptions, the great
er portion retiring about a mile to a largo rancho,or farm house,
wlieie our wagons and a portion of our sfoies were left. 1 lies*
were soon after attacked by the enemy’s cavalry, who
repulsed with some loss. .
For several hours the fate of the day was extrem ly dm bt-.
! ful, ho much so that I was urged by some of the most expert
meed officer* ro fall back and toke up anew position. This I
knew it would never do to attempt with volunteers, sad at
1 once declined if. The scene now had betaine one of the deep
est inteiest. Between the several deep ravines there were
portions of level land from one to f ur hundred yards in extent,
which became alternately points of attack and defence, alter
our left was turned, by both sides. These extended along ana
near the base of the mountain for about two miles, and the
struggle for them may be very appropriately compared to a
game of chess. Night put a stop to the contest, and, strange
to say, both armies occupied the same positions they did in
the morning before the haltle commenced. Onr nitillery d"|
more than wonders. W e lay on our arm* oil night, as we Han
the two previous ones, without fires, there lo ing no wood W
fie had. and the mercury below the freezing point, ready and
expecting to renew the contest the next morning ; hut we found
at davlight the enemy had retreated during the night, leaving
his killed and many of hi* wounded for us to bury and lak*
care of—carrying off every thing else, and taking up a position
lat this place. We did not think it advisable to pursue, not
knowing whether he would renew the attack, continue hi* re
! treat, nr wished lo draw us from our strong position : but con
tented ouraelves w ith watching his movements closely. Fum
ing, on the 26th. he Ind renewed his retreat, early in the morn
; ing of the 27th the army was put in motion for this place, where
we arrived about 3 o’clock, I*. M.—their rear guard, eort-isltaf
of cavalry, leaving as our advance get in sight. Ini one* df
, termined on harrassing his rear; hut on examining the awl* **
j the men and horses, l found that five days and nights march*
I ing. incessant watching, and sixteen hours’ hard figtiling, hart
so exhausted the fust and broken down the Intfrr, it was next
:to impossible to accomplish any thing without ie*t. We re
mained quiet here until lit* 2d in*t., when I pushed n Com
mand on the San l.uis road to n targe plantation * ailed Inj sr*
nanon. where w found between two and three hundred
wounded in the most w retched condition, bet-ides those the*
carried with them and left here nnd on tha field* llera we too*
1 shout ten prisoners, the main part of their uiniy having pro;
reeded nn in the direction of riur. Lilia in a very disorganize*
| condition.
On the 22d the enemy threw it) our rear, through the passe*
jof the mountains, 2000 cavalry, and early in the morning •
the next day, the 2!W, made demonstrations against BtUdk
and throughout the day. They succeeded at on* tine in cut
ting off the communication between the city and battle ground,
and making several prisoners, but were ilrivenuwny by •”*
officer commanding in tha city, with two pieces ot srtdlerv,
covered by about M) men. They, however, while la posses
sion of the road, prevented a good many from running **lM‘j
the city, to which place about 906 of our men bad auccaei.au
in getting previously to the cavalry occupying the r(> * , o’
the runaways, reporting that our army wu beaten and In •“
retreat.
The lo*s on both sides was very great, as you msv sipp°
— enough ho on ours to rover the whole rout try with
mg, for among the noblest and purest of the land It*'* *’