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About Georgia journal and messenger. (Macon, Ga.) 1847-1869 | View Entire Issue (June 18, 1851)
jjbiiNAL AM) MESSENGER. s. T. CHAPMAN At S. ROSE, Editors. Judge McDonald's Acceptance, ?1 ARIETTA, June sth, 1851. T> V”-c .j. T Viggins, Howard, Jones, Gardner and :r, l ummitlee. ■ ,;;en;—l received to-day,your letter inform ing M-e ot iny nomination, a? a cannidftie for the office oi O >vr*mor oi the State ot Georgia, by * Southern men. Democrats and Whigs,” recently assembled in C ii ve ni. mi Muledgeville,and asking my acceptance. A call, thus made, l do not leei at liberty lo decline AVtih my pri found acknowledgments to the Convention iiJence implied in the nomination, l assure vou. as its organ, that it its selection should be ratified t*y the people, eveTy obligation impose,! on me by the Constitutions, State and Federal, ami the laws, enacted in conformity thereto, shall be fait.duily tul- You wM permit me to say. that the voluntary sacri iity ; elings to th*‘ c- us Ire, ion;, a> t vinced by the proceedings of the Conven tion, affords the most gratifying evidence mat the parly of the Constitution is determined to sustain the L ; ion of th? Siatis. on the principles on w hich our venerated anchors, wi’h the Weusn-g t God, established it — O.i lio on: r foundation can it stand. It the beautiful principles of ind jiisncc on Y&liiCli it rests, jiic tiiireg trdeJ and aet at naught, what i* there to bind th<* -lion? of the people to it ? The isabi ual viola jion ot an se principles by the Federal auibornies, w , V r the t uteres! of the coot bent planter is to be affected oy their action, baa shaken the confidence of many ol the good citizens cl the country, in ill** dis p.c uo:i of tie General Government, to r* sped the c istitulioaai rights ol the people of this section ol the Union. In no instance ha? there been a more flagrant and fatal violation of them, than tn the adopiiott by Congress of the measures referred to in the seventh resolution ol the Convention It is claimed tor them tliat they are a compromise. Itisa traud upon an in jured people to call them so. The proposition was made ;n tit? Senate by a Senator Irom Kentucky, known to be favorable to the gradual abolition ol slavery in his own State, and entertaining the opinion that the law of the Mexicans, prohibiting slavery, becanu- a law to ibeir conquerors, and over-iuled their laws and political regulations by which Slavery is tol erated. It no where appears that tiie mea-uree were concerned with Senators holding different opinions, and representing interests to be affected by them.— They were relerred to a committee of thirteen, on the e! oi whTh a bare majority of Senator voted ’i lie n port of the committee varied in some degree, the propu.-.iion ol the Senator ; and put in the knni ot an o:F rof compromise, amounts to about this : “II tire l States will give up ittptlMiin to the erec tion o| a slave State on the M -xican territory; tl they wtil t:gr-e that Texas shall sell an immense territory, on which, according to the compact with her, a tree State cannot be erected without herconse.it; it they will permit territorial Governments to be erected in Utah and New Mexico, with the understanding that the M •x;s.m laws are of force there, and as efb dually exclude slavery therefrom, as the Wiimol Ftoviso, it enacted, er r*d Jo, then the said territorial Governments she ! be erected on principles of non intervention; and in re efficient laws shall be enacted to- the e.\ ca tion of the provision i*t the constitution by w icii Ittgi tive3 Irani service or lab*>r are required to be .ieitvered to tfieir owikts.” But even this proposition, when made as a comnromise —a proposition by !m -a th** South was t> surrender everything—all ttgrit, i.o.t nna j ureter, to tite territories of the Union a cni-tiiera tion, that a clear constitutional engage mein sfuiuid be faltil.ed, was rejected. Omv;>iii principle couio it nave been rejected, but on the ground :to*t the .Lunuiai,: majority in Congress i cas unwilling to pass it us a compromise —a nut to be violated—ai iwnot to be *Vp*aJed or altered! it is uo an-wei, to ?.t* that the measures embraced in the prop,.sit uu were <riier wnrd? atneiidedjHid passed. Oi tue <*■ ; try,'it es tabiishes the position; ior the same majority tliat amended them as separate measure? it ■ . t i power to amend them as they came from toe ... .• ui.i. teen. The serious resistance made a; the Ninth to the execution of the fugitive slave law, and tto-ir elect.on ol Senators and Kepresetiunves on pledges th t they will insist on its repeal, or essential modified’ion, so as to destroy its value as a remedy, under the constitution, prove trial it is not regarded there as a compromise.— But >t be a compromise, it ts a compromise by which the interests ot the weaker party are sacrifice *. The rapidly increasing slave population ol ti e South is pent up ; there is no outlet tor it. The slaves are to remain here, and the work of the abolitionist is to be accom plished, either through the vast tuuitipitcniion of the race, or by the change ol the Constitution to be effected by the early formation and admission of tree States into the Union Considerations like these, induced me as one ol my State’s representatives in the Southern Convention, to endeavor to bring about united action, on the part ol the States interested in ihi? great rob ject, to arrest the progress of usurpations, which, if co.itinned,inu3t result in the overthrow of constitutional liberty or the subversion of the Union. Ad nnartd of their rights,embracing but the equality •;>ul iu-m-e guaranteed by the Constitution, made with hrmneseand moderation, by all the Sou'hem States u; ‘e> •o u* man, must have exerted the . appiest in fluence. Ii my Crumble judgment its effects would,ere now, have been seen in its fruits of justice in the Gov ernment, and peace and harmony among the States and tiie people. But this could not he ac omptished ; and the wrong having been done, each State must judge for itself without consultation with the rest in the matter Georgia, in advance, oi her sis tern, has met in wiki sovereign ca|mettjr, and her people nave deter mined to pretermit the outrage committed on her rights, by the admission of Caiuornia into the Union as a State, with her highly objectionable Constitution.— This they have done, not Imm any affection they have for the men sure or the policy which metaled it, but from their extraordinary forbearance, and encouraged to hope too, by the agreeable proclanlatiott of some of their sentinels on duty, that “ail's well.” Their de cision ought not to be disturbed, however much it may conflict vv.rh individual opinions In a Government of law and order, such decisions must be considered ao thorir ive They are the wild the people It the people have authority to say that they w ill resist, and to determine the eitent ot that res.sianc", they have the line authority to say that they will not n -i-t. i bis principle I hold to be incontrovertible, ami necessary to the .-aiery and hr ppuiess M mankind. The right of a B ate, in virtue of ns independence and sovereignty, to secede from the Union, whenever the people there f, in their soveieigu capaciiy, tfltail determine such a step to be necessary to eIF-ct their •alety and happiness, flows necessarily from the nature of our governmental organization. The Government of the Union was formed for the purpose ot ptotecting the States and people from foreign aggression, and tor promoting justice and peace among ffte States them selves to the same extent, and in as ample a manner as each State might have secured these objects for it self and its people, by treaty or otherwise had it re tained its sovereignty. It is a Government lor protec tion. not for offence. Each State came voluntarily into the Union for these objects; and if the Govern ment f'n - to give this protection and security, it fol lows mat the State has the right to take care of itself. This is no new principle. I hree of the States, New York, V'irg inia, and Rhode Island, on coming into the U nion, declared that the powers of the Government may be reassinned fay the people, whenever it shall be come necessary to their happiness. It thus became a condition ot their adoption ol the Federal constitution. The p opleof Massachusetts in their toil of rights, (em bodied in their constitution,) declare that th? people alone have an incontestable, unalienable, an.i inde feasible right to institute government; and to reform, alter, and totally change the same when their protec tion, safety, prosperity and happiness require it. The States ot .Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecti cut, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky Tennessee,Ohio, (ndianna, Mississippi, Alabama aid some others have adopted the same principle? in sub stance. Tiie States ot New Hampshire, \lar> n.iiu and Tennessee, hav-each declared in itu constitution.that “the do-trinr of non-resistance against arbitiaiv i >w er is afsurb, slavish, and destructive of the go.! and happiness of u ankind” Upon the principle ot the iiiL ot resistance and the right of srcessiotifroni tl>e I ’ n. the peopleot Georgia through their and ieg-t. s , -c oti> met in convention, have declared the Stan u heir judgement,will and ought to resist, even toa <ii- up tion ot every tie wtdeh binds her to th- Union..eo s i.-ii action of Congress as is menti<*t>eif tn the containing tiie declaration But inasm pleofGeorgia have determined -den uy,i * tion,that lor none of the past wroog? •< • Government, however aggravated they in * ■ the state exercise this unquestionable right, t is rofii cietit to consider it as set down by our people. as a po litical anatom, to be acted on, whenever in their judge ment, the evils ot the Union, more than couuteibaiance its benefits The eonstiiution is the compact of Union, and our safety depends on a strict construction ol it. it is to our country, what the bibie is to the Christian, and a de parture from it will be iatal to our political securi y. But we cannot be blind to the tact that for some time past little respect has been paid to it, and that the ten dency of the Government is to consolidation. We must return to its principles as expounded by the apostles of republicanism hi ’tfcl and ’SJ9; or our noble fabric will fail to pieces. Let us doail we can as a s ate to preserve it. Let us insist on the lull measure ol justice toourselve*. all who do not value their own rights need not hope that they wot be respected by others. We must use the means in our power, and they are abundant, toeniight en the public mind, bring education to the door of every man, trusting to the ministers of our holy religion to spread i he principles ot morality and justice among our people, and having done alt that depends on human ef fort to pjes rve the glorious Constitution of our ances tors. nope for the blessing# ol God upon our exertions as the means ot saving the Confederacy on the term* and in the purity, u was His good will it should be es tablished. I have the honor to be gentlemen. Very respectfully Yours, Charles j. McDonald. Effects or the Compromise.—The Satin,ial Era, the abolition organ at Washington mourns over the fate of certain Freesoil journals that have died of the Compromise. Hear him: “The Indiana True Democrat, the only Freesoil newspajier in Indiana, is about to be discontinued for want ol support. The PtMular Freeman, the Free soil organ in Michigan, has ceased to come to our of fice, and, we presume, is also discontinued. Mr -Mc- Clelland, tor seveial years the worthy associate ol Mr. Eastman, m ilte conduc of the Western Citizen, pub lished at Chicago, is obliged, we see with regret, to re tire from ihat paper, on account of its limited resour ces.” C3T One ol the Chinese Emperors was so great a fmotite i? people. Mis’ ibey bestowed npon him the apt? ‘ T.:e Flher and Mother ol his people.’ To the People of Georgia. I have executed the trust committed to me by your General Assembly, to represent you in the Southern Convention; and whethei tins has been done wisely or not, remains for time to develop-. W hat was d-me by that body is before you. 1 accepted the office, with the hope that something might be accomplished the Constitution from desecration, and jour rights It ont aba**: and that all might be accomplished in p-r.cc and with honor At its first meeting, the Convention set forth the wrongs winch the Btmlhern states had suffered, as welt as those which then threatened them ; ,t also promulgated the right? to which th- y were en titled under the Constitution, and a wulmgws? on their part to acquiesce in a partial infringement of them, tor the sake of the quiet ot the count! y. Is proceed mgs received the general approbat. not the | ople, and 1 believe none wi re found to object n> me resolu tions then adopted. They were consilient with con stitutional rights, honor and justice. They proposed o wrong to none. Had the federal aniltoriiies, tn the measutes then before Congress, respected jour ng ts and legislated in ihe spin’ of the e rly nays ol the confederacy, you would now have had no ground oj complaint against your Government, u and ml wouid have been quiet aui peace within \out rders. iu sieail ot that,hxwevcr.ih - policy Congress has been such as toexclu ie vou w th your property trnni an :m ----meose territory, in which you Its** an equal interest with those who e4*acieti the exclusion. The Southern Conve. -ton, at its late session, has set fourth the iti|Uiies you havesu iained, w.m t.i? dignity and calmness which liecautc tiie represea ulives ol rut enlightened and tree people, ami desirous of sasiaiuing tiie Cunstttation and the Union, tt has refrained from recommending to you hasty ac;ion, even under the pressure ot the grievous wrungs w hich you suffer. It may be that by jiresetiling an unbroken Iront, the s sveholding Slates may yet mdyc? the Slates not in terested in the institution of slavery to retrain from i.ieir uniusntiiblc aggicsstons upon their propeity, aim to restore tights oi winch they have been unwarrantably deprived. Wiih this view, it is lecommended that a more authoritative Congress or Convention be In Id, nt s tch lime and place as the States disposed to go into so necessary a measure may designate. 1 tie deliber ations ot such a body of men as the people would doubtless select,c uld not tail to resuit m much uood to the country. They may g.ve sufficient strength to men in the non slaveholdmg Btaies, who • e fre.nJly disjiosed towards the Constitution, to subdue a power w h:ch threatens it and the Union with destruction. II ihev should tail in this,then measures adopted by such an assemb.y.under a solemn conviction of their neces >;ty. will likely receive the sanction and ratification ot rhe States represented, and exert a happy influence in producing unity ot lecling aud action untoi'g the ag grieved people. . . . , _ The Convention asserts the right, in t.ie ■' la ' < ! S! ’. s;^v ’ erally, to resume the powers delegated to the ftceial Government, whenever ‘t may seem to them proper and necessary. I his rigiit results from the itature of our political organization. ’llte Government was not formed, when ibe Constitution was agieed lo by ihe Delegates ol the Slates, in the Federal Convention. — It was not until the people ot nine States—the people in each State acting in their sovereign capacity adopted the Constitution, that the Government was formed. Sates not adopting, were not members of tiie Government, though their delegates in the Convention i -ree-J to and signed the Constitution. Ibe Slates parted with no r ght which belongs to sovereignties, except such as are specially relinquished m thcLonsti- Httioii They did not surrender toe of lesuuiing n*- powers delegated to the 1* ederal Governme tit. when iliat (iovermnent ceased to be o.ie ol p election and became one of aggression. An argument migitt be drawn i favot of live right from he fiici that no we his ol perjieluiy are used in the Consulut:on There is a sulking d.lietetite he tween tiie Cons’itution auo the Ai -ictc.-ot Conledera tion in tins respect The latter (the Artu esof Con federatton,) cntaiti tins deelarat <>n, “ AtiJ th articles ot this coniedeiaiiofi shall be invio'ably oi-served by t -very .State, and the Union shallbe perpetual* It is lair, ihen-fore, to aigue thu the omission ol these and similar words, m the Constitution, was intentional; at.i. to o iv; ite objections, which might be made by aiaies. IO till xu.qsus.ot aOonwlmiloo wlitch imposed an interluiiieble otihgauon to i Government tliat might abuse its powers. But in another aspect of the case, it would seem that the right is unquestionable. It i* understood that the people of some ot the Stales, more cautious than the reel, were not disposed to leave the matter lor argu ment or inference, and, in thetr act of adoption, reserv ed this right. This reseivaiion having been acquiesced in, by admitting such Stales to a participation ol the Government, is a recognition of the principle as to all, lor there can be no htalter doty resting on one Slate, than on another. Mutuality ot obligation is an essen tial principle of a contract. Hence, when by the siipulati n.one party has the option to rescind,the other is not bound,and itisa mere q lestion ot interest and moral propriety, with each party, whether he will keep the engagement. In matters of government, however, the sa ety of the jieople is ihe supreme law, aud the peopleot a State ought to be well satisfied that the exigency demands the exercise of the power which tne reeoluuoo asserts, before they resort to it. This consideration renders it a matter of great importance that tiie recommended.sliouid be heid. Tttough theWgtu be longs to the S-ates severally, yet inasmuch as there are titteen States whose interests are more or iess affected by the aggressive measures of the Government, they, ot as many of them as are solemnly impressed with the niagnt ude of the injury and injustice they have sustained, should hold a coimnoti coli.cil to determine whether so extreme a measure should be resorted :o, or . ,i„ wifjtci ueeiieti c<ui tie acci tii|>itstjeu nieuinc other manner. I’ne Convention further recommends, that all parties i in the slavehoidmg States refuse to go into a National Convention to nominate candidates tor the Presidency or Vice Presidency, under any party denomination, until our constitutional rights are secured. The para mount inierri-t ol the Southern Stales, itivo ved in the legislation of Congress, is their iirerest in slaves, and all legislation tn reference thereto, except tor protec tion, being ui-just und unconstitutional, candidates lor , these distinguished office? should be selected who are sound in their views on tin? subject. It is impotwnt that tots recommendation should i.-e observed, and that ail parties at the South should second it, because the Union of the States depends on arresting the fatal pro arcs* of fanaticism. We have woful exjieitence to prove that candidates who are dumb on this subject, are not to be trusted, no matter wbat latitude they hail from. Ambitious men are sometimes more attracted by the allurements of office, than by the great and sub lime principles of moral and constitutional right. Buch men will look to the power and court it, which can gratify their aspirations. The servility of such men hasiostered fanaticism, until it has become too powerful tor ibe Constitution. As long as mere office is looked to, the evil will continue and increase. As long as party nominations are made,increased energy will be given to its already almost irresistible power. These various matters are before you for your con sideration. To what l had the honor to submit to you in July last, it is scarcely necessary to add anything Your rights have been most grossly violated. Your Government,combining with the inhabitants of an im mense domain, of which you were equal proprietors with the people of other States, has deprived vou of the power of carrying your property there, ’['lie arm of the Government is a* strong to restore your rights in C • itornia ; s it was to wrest from Texas her territory. Whether you will insist on it as the in “a us ol future safety, is tor your own determination. The change of the Federal Constitution is regolvetl on—a*<l if you meekly submit to such wrongs as have been inflicted on you, it will soon be accomplished ; indeed,destruc tion may come without the change, lor the Constitution is set at open defiance in the halls ol the National Legislature, and that too in reference to a matter affecting your vital interest. In conclusion, I will say,that in serving you, I have endeavored to ,-ustatn your rights; and aided in the a. option ot -uch measuies as, in my judgment, it they meet with the general favor ot the Bouth. will promote itoeir security. These measures, y- u know,atoot uo au horttv I'hey h ive no influence, ior good, unless sip;torti-d by h j cop e who nave tile ptide which honor • r.-pir*!- th patriotism wh'ch attaches ihcin to ilie Coneiituiioo, and the spirit which wid embolden tn in to tuainta.n it. CHARLcBJ MCDONALD Mari ita. DecPinbd ISW ’ .}.* •. >ijk Smith Carolina. . t iii m ot this pi ice Las i*teuil) CHii.i.i . .. l.i usami dollars ill money, to iii v s - in Georgia or Alabama or place iherr it interest, inconsequence ol our taxation end civil commotion i liis gentleman, 100, is a member ot the Southern Rights Association. We were likewise informed that application wa made to another large capitalist, in tins district, tor the loan of a lew hundied dollars, and he informed the applicant that it was not his purpose to lend out any more money in South Carolina. We have also heard it suggested that the business men in our community, having large demands owing to them, w-ould commence a general collection in time for se cession. Thebillsif South Carolina hanks are already beginning to return Irom Georgia and Alabama, under tiie suspicion that their credit will be affected by our civil commoiio; s. In one instance, but a lew days since, a gentleman drew Irom the bank in CliaiiesL ii, for ibe upper country, five thousand dollars in specie, preferring lo have his money in gold and silver, lo bank tolls. There can be no suspension of specie pay ments ill that case, where money is wanted. We were consulted the other day by a gentleman who w ished to make a purchase of some real estate, whether f thought the Slate would secede. If so, he did not intend to purchase. A gentleman |u*l Irom Clia.les • ton, and a delegate too, to the late Convention there, ; informs us that H it was certain the Slate would se cede, in six months real estate in the city would r.ot sell at half pri e. In prepara.ion for secession, a mer chant ot this place has already ordered his shipments to Savannah, instead of Charleston. Another one ol our citizens, who has spent perhaps a hundred thousand dollars in Greenville, drawn from his estate in Georgia, is about io leave the 44 sinking ship,” and cast his ’ habitation where he may be quiet and live in peace.— Thus it is the anticipations ol secession are proving i disastrous to the fc’taie. Wha I will the reality be ? It is a fearful question to answer. May ihe Almighty, ! io his mercy, avert so awful a calamity, should he the fprayerof every true hearted and patriotic Carolinian. {Greenville IS. C.) Patriot. Father Mathew.—At last accounts, ibis devoted philanthropist was at Lexington, (Ky.,) where he re ceived a warm and hospitable reception by the citizens The Louisville Courier, of the 28ih says: *’ Oh his arrival, Mr. Cicy at once called ujion him, and in the afternoon sent lus carriage for him, when ihe great Philanthropist of the age became a guest at Ashland. He has done good service in Lexington,and is expected to return to this city in a day or two.” MACON, GEORGIA. WEDNESDAY, JUKE 18. For Governor: Hon. lIOWELL COBB, OF CLARK COUNTY. The Union Congressional Convention for flic First District moefs at Ilolmesville, Appling county, this day, (18th (f June.) HUyTlie Union Congressional Convention for the Second District, will meet in Ameri cus, Sumter county, on the 19tit of July. Ijcsf* The Union Cougres-ionnl Convention for the Third District, will meet in the city of Macon, on the 4th of July. fibtUThe Union Congressional Convention for the Fourth District, meets in Newnan, Coweta count}*, to-day (18th of June. ) The Union Congressional. Convention far the Fifth District, will meet in Cassviile, Cana county, on the lioth of Jime. 4^*The Union Ccitgrcssiortal Convention for the Sixth District, will meet in Jefferson, Jackson county, on the Ist of July. te£“The Union Congressional Convention for the Seventh District, will meet in Spar ta, Hancock county, on the 7th of August. Our readers, who no doubt noticed the numer ous typographical and other gross errors in our last issue, a 1 e informed that tire editor was alisent in Sa vannah, and that the proofs of his manuscripts were very carelessly read. The Senatorial Nomination. We have shown the communication signed Russel ville, iff the delegates from Bibb, end are authorized by tltem to *ty that they will waive all ceremony,and meet the dt-iegaiion front Monroe at such place and time as the lacer may fix upon. They would prefer For syth for business considerations, and the 2.1 Tuesday ot July; but wtli with pleasure go toC'olaparchee, il their Monroe friends prefer that place. The Bibb delegation therefore, w ili hold themselves ready to meet when ever and wherever the Monroe delegation may prefer, and request tliat their friends above may give them the earliest possible notice of their determination in the premises. Union Executive SUrte Committee. The following gentlemen have been appointed by tiie I’nsident of the lute Union Convention, the Exec utive Committee oi tt>e Umo Party. We tiust that hey may take active and efficient measures to secure tiie election ot distinguished nominee of the Conven tion. Their opponents are actively -organizing tor the contest, and it becomes the friends of the Union to t ike equally efficient meastirse to counteract their el ,orts: Messrs Meriwether, Murphey, Sanford, Thomas J. Burney, Thomas of Hancock, Hardeman of .lone', Armstrong ol ls:bb, Andrews of Wjfkes, Wiilinmsou of Newton, Bigiiaiu of Troup, Poe of Richmond, John son ol Muscogee, and Flournoy of Washington. The Fl.ryd Ituhs. Tne reader is referred to another column for quite a spirited and poetic description of ibe recent excursion of ihe Fl: yil Jiijtes to Madison. The Company re turned on Friday evening in the Macon & Western Train, and both officers and men expressed the most unbounded gratification at tiie manner in which they had been received and treated . y the citizens of thu, prosperous and beautiful village- The Macon Voltttticers. This Company, under the command of Lieutenant Bivins, turned out jestorJay with full ranks, lor the purpose of celebrating the anniversary of the buttle of Bunker Uill,aial rece.v.nga new stand ofanns with per cussion locks. ‘l’hey were not satisfied merely with the beamy and convenience of the pieces; but resolved to test their shooting qualities. Accordingly, they got up an impromptu match sot a Uniform Coat, which was won by Private Butts. By special invitation of Mans. Andrieit, the corpo during the evening, visited the Diorama of tne World’s Fair in full uniform. lieulth of Mr. Stephens. We are rejoiced to learn that the Hon. A 11. Ste phens, who has been critically ill of chronic diarrhoea, at iiis lesidence in Crawlordville, was much better on Saturday last. Tiie Chronicle and Sentinel of Sun day morning ?uys: “ We are gratified to learn from passengers who ar rived by ihe afternoon train, that at 1 o’clock, P. M., yesterday, when ihey passed Cra wlordville, Mr. S. was considered much bet'er, and quiie out ol danger unless some unfavorable change occurred.” Injury lo Senator lla oa. The numerous friends of Senator Dawson will regret to learn that he had n leg badly fractured on the 10th iust., while at his plantation near Grectisboro. He had just dismounted aud tied bis horse t-a the top rail ol the lenee, wh.-n the horse became frightened and ran wnh the rail fastened to tiie bridle, and in passing, Judge D. was struck by the rail, which fractured his legjust above the ankle. At the latest dates he was sufF-ring much ; but doing as well as coo Id be expected under the circumstances. Union Meeting in litbb. At a meeting of ibe Union party of Bibb, on the 3d inst., Dr. Collins in the chair, and Janies A Nisbet, Secretary. The following persons were selected as delegates, viz : To the Congressional Convention. — Messrs John B. Lamar, Tltad. G. Holt, Washington Poe,and 11. P. Powers. To the Senatorial Contention. —Tito*. P. Stubbs, James Tinley, Arthur Foster, Keelin Cook, Reuben Williams, James B, Artope, David Flanders and Jas. W Armstrong. Caution lo Land Owners. A gentleman just returned front the low country, re quests us to state, lor the benefit of persons owning lands on the Altauiahi, B itillo and St. Mary’s rivers, that the lumber men are committing extensive deprn uaiions in that quarter. They are cutting nearly alj the timber within lour miles ol the water courses, aim seliitii it to the mills below, or shipping it as ranging limber tor export, lie informs us that ihe squatters are quite numerous and active, and that they l.ave entirely d< s'roj ed the timber on some oi the best lands on the livers named- Look out ior Hogues. From wltat we can leant, there must be in the coun tiy a tegulaily organized bund ol horse thieves. 1 iieee fellows are growing hold, and ought to be well watched On Sunday night, the but insi., they stole the horse, saddle and bridle, of Nathan liass Esq . from the place wltere they were left, near the Methodist Church. On Thursday night the horse returned to the stable of his owner with an entirely different saddle and bridle.— From this circumstance it is evident, either tliat the thief ha. conlederates in the vicinity, or that the horse hud been traded. When taken the horse had on a black, (pulled saddle of Mexican or Spanish pattern, wnh horn. The one with which he teturned was u light colored saddle, ordinary My le, with quilted seat and good quality. We publish these facts under the hope that a knowledge ot them may lend to the detec tion ol the thief. The Judicial Convention. The Democratic Judicial Convention lor the State of Pennsylvania, met at Harrisburg on the 11th met. Wiiuiot and a lew other Freesoikrs rallied alt their forces for the purpose of preventing certain delegates from Lancaster county, friendly to Mr. Buchanan,from taking their seats. They were however completely defeated, as the Buchanan men carried the day by a vote of 85 to 30. On the day follow ing, the Convention nominated on the first ballot the inflowing gentlemen aa candidates for Judges of the Supreme Court: Jeremiah S. Black, of Bedford; J l3. Campbell, of Philadelphia ; Ellis Lewis,ol Lancaster; J no. B. Gibson aud W a Ite iH. Lowrie.of Allegheny. The nominations, after some slii lit objections, were unanimously continued, und tiie Convention adjourned sine die. The nomination of the aimve gentlemen is regarded as undoubted evidence ol the overwhelming popularity of Mr. Buchanan in the Slate. Cholera iti ihe Mr>sJ The St Louis Presbyterian ot the Ist inst says:— ‘ This dreadful scourge lias made its appearance at Springfield and Jersey County, Illinois. In. both places several persons have fallen victims to it. Diorama el the Woild’s Fair. Motts. A.fDKiEU has been exhibiting, lor some days, U Concert Hail, three very interesting pictures, illus trative of the World’s Fair. The first view represent? :e cal y of London at sunset, and gives a general idea th principal localities. The Second view gives Ilytle IbiiU, with i very elaborate (hawing of the ex'enor of ihe Crystal Palace. The third view gives a complete and perlect idea of the interior ol tin Palace, t get her with the 1 calittes occupied by the and tie rent nations in the great industrial exhibition. By an ingenious ar ringeinenis oi tiie 1 gbls the Palace is represented at noon-day,by moonlight, and finally most brilliantly i lumiuated with gas. In one of the dissolving the Queen, Prince Albert and the whole Ho, a Cor. tege that were present at tile opening of tiie Fair, are introduced. This Diorama has been examined by one or two artists ot excelleut judgment aud cultivated taste, who have pronounced it, a? a work ot art, to be quite equal to any thing ot ;he kind which has been exhibited in tlti3 country. It is noi so imposing as the Panorama of the Mississippi, nor so instructive as that ot Cuba, but n is much more elaborate and exhibits more artis tic tasie, and more detail than either. It ;s, indeed, a work of decided merii, and only requires the exercise ol a little more lact in its exhibition to make it a grea I lvorite with the public. Motts. Andrieu is not faimlia 1 with the English language, and, therefore, cannot do full just ice to the picture in hisdescriptiows. If he could only secure the services of a first rate descriptor, we feel confident that his exhibition would be eminently successful. We will simply add, that this Diorama will be exlnbiied this evening for the last time at pres ent in Macon. We hope that Moris Andrieu wdl re turn, with it, to ihe city during the exhibition of the State Fair in October. Judge McDonald’s Acceptance. In another column we give the letter of the Hon. Charles J McDonald,acci ptingthe noiniim ion ol the disunion paity tl Georgia. We also publish in the same connection, his official bulletin to the people of Georgia,.after his return Irom ihe celebrated disunion Convention at Nashville. The proceedings ot ihe Nashville Convention, of the Macon Convention and of the nameless Convention which nominated Judge McDonald, have already been published m this paper We have now put upon recoid the principal documents by which we intend to fasten upon the nominee the charge of being a disuuionist of the most dangerous class, and of fully sympathizing with South Carolina in her present disorganizing movement. It is in vain I- r Judge McDonald at this late day to leign acquies cence in the action ot the Georgia Convention. If the encroachments of which he speaks are such ad he represents them lo be—so oppressive and degrading to the South—he cannot be honest, and be anything else than an open, avowed disunionist. If they are not such as he represents,then he is uselessly and wickedly exciting the people, and attempting to disaflect them towards the Government, lie may uke eitner horn of the dilemma and lie cannot escape. He does not even deny Ids disunion sentiments in his letter of ac ceptance. He mere y bows lo ihe will ol the majority ot the sovereign people, and then very modestly asks that majority to place him in the Executive chair, in preference to a man of their own choice—one who airrees wnh them in sentiment and feeling,and who has been true to tlie Union Irom ihe outset. It is not our purjiose at present to enter into details. We will have ampie opportunity to do this during the cam paign, and shall not fail to embrace it. The Health ol LaGrange. We are in receipt of a printed circular, to which is appended ihe names of thirty-six of the most respecta ble citizens o( LaGrange and its vicinity, contradicting the exaggerated reports which are in circulation in re’ gird to trie health orthat place. They contend iha 1 there has not been more sickness in LaGrange than usual, except in one family. They affirm that there has been no epidemic in the place. In the three prin cipal hoarding schools, where there are, in each, from eighty to ninety while persons, there has been bui one death, and tliat from a chronic dis.-a?? of long stand ing. There has been bat little,-t anv, more sickness than usual, except in the single family referred to.— The gentlemen in question, therefore, beg parents and others, who have children and wards in the schools, to entertain no apprehension lor their safety. They at tribute.the exagerated reports in ciiculationfto the efforts ol a lew disaff-cted youths, who, to induce their pa rents to take them away from the wholesome restraints -i .ne several institutions, rest/t..a ... culiar tenderness ol parental feeling upon the point in que-tion We take t lie* more pleasure in stating these lacis, becaus* 31 icon and LaGrange may he regard# in some sense as rival seais of learning. We feel con fident, however, that no leeiing of interest would prompt any perron in this section to utter a word against either the health ol LaGrange or the reputation ol its admirably conducted schools We know of no village in the State that presents more attractions— none possessing a more refined society, and non# where w. would more willingly send a son or daughter to he educated. A Word hi Season. We regret to notice, that Chatham county has failed to appoint delegates to the Union Congressional Con vention of the First District. What is the meaning oj this apathy on the part ol our Union It lends on the sea board ! Have they been disheartened by a single defeat? have they concluded io haul down the stars and stripes? have they icsolvrd to surrender Georgia’s only sea-port to the Fire Ea ers ! have they determined to let the first district go by default ? If I hey have come to conclusions like these, the people of the interior ought to knew it. There are scores and hun dreds in Georgia who are on ihe point ol withdrawing their patronage from Charleston, because of thedisor gamzitig course of Carolina. Wiiat inducements wifi such men have to prefer Savannah in case she too should torn out to be a (ire-eating city ? We beg our neighbors on the seaboard to think of these things.— They have a practical bearing upon their Itnuie pros perity. The Itigh’ of Secession. The disunionists seetn disposed to lay great stress upon the abstract right of a ritate to secede from the Union. In our humble opinion iliat question was au thoritatively settled by Gen. Jackson in the days ol nullification. 11 the disunionists wish to discuss it as a mere abstraction, they jirnpos ■ to indulge in a useless waste of time. If they really think ol resistance to ihe General Government as a practical issue ; then, we commend thmi to ihe fourth resoltnion ot the Georgia Platform , which sets forth I he true position o< tiie Union party of the State. In that resolution, they will find no quibbling, no shit king ol res|>onsibil.ty, no dodging ot the halter. It boldly avows the right of revolution, und proclaims the causes lor which the pci - pie ol Georgia willrcsist the Government;and all they a?k is. that when die time oftrialcomes, the Fire Eat ers may follow where the Union men lead It is rather too late in the day for Judge McDonald and his followers to be raising new issues, aud particularly ab stract issues It indicates a want of nerve, a want of confidence in their own disunion platform. It is a spe cies of political transcendentalism, unworthy of this utilitarian age. The lilootl of the Revolution Run Out. A correspondent oi the Charleston Mtrcury is vio lently opposed to the usual celebration ol the -lth of July, lie asks: “Is this inglorious Union any longer tolerable? A id when stern necessity compels us to dissolve it in self-defence, is it matter for rejoicing that what was once glorious is now ignominous? “ Will the vain boasting of what was achieved by our Revolutionary fathers, by military parades and salutes, be consonant with the feelings of our citizens generally ? Can it be pretented that such displays will tend to prepare the mind oi this community for measures that must soon be adopted, or ior acts ;ha may require much self-denial ?” The writer further proposes that instead of the usual celebration by bonefires, illuminations, and military fetes, the people of Carolina slia II convert the and iy into one of humiliation and prayer l This latter sugges tion is not a bad one. Our neighbors of Carolina cer tainly need light from above, and we know of no bet ter tint •to .rk loin than on the anniversary ot their nation's form Flic) u- .*•! communion with the de ~artcd spn i'tii the Revolution,anti we feel convinced that if tin- entire p >pu (Uo.i oi the State could spend twenty-four tom; ; humble worship ol their God, instead of tin- in.;.es ol a departed politician, they might exorcise Lie fell spir t ol d'3union from the laud, and become better citi/.<*ns, as well as purer patriots. ft3”Tiie Legislature of New Hampshire Ins provided lor a geological and mi ire ruing ical survey and has ap propriated tjffoOO per year ior the purpose until ihe xork -hall be completed.. < aioliita and Georgia Di-un.onists. There are evident y two classes ol disunionists i Carolina ; ‘be one honest, the other dishonest. Ih jatter class consists ol the leaders; the wire worker the politicians and district lawygrs who have been tan. pering with the slavery question for years The.- men ha ve appealed to the passon and pr< ju !,o s the honest yeomanry of the State, until th-y h,.v tit illy deluded them into the belief that they area oppressed an J injured people and ought to resent the wrongs. These dishonest leaders have finally succeeded i raising a storm which they cannot allay. They hav roused the feelings oi the honest men of \he State to degree beyond their own control. Thdy proless t strike tor independence ; and yet have not confident enough in each other, or in their State laws to rei upon the latter for protection. They preach that me must not count the cost of revolution; and yet wht the hour of trial approaches, they manilest the most di termined purpose to place their own property beyon the reach of danger. These men have accordingly commenced systema ically to remove theii effects beyond tlie limits of Ca oiina in advance of the conflict. Some of them at investing in Northern stocks—some in Southern stock: Some are removing their capita! to Georgia—some * Mississippi—some to Alabama, and some to Florid: The Florida Sentinel says that “ the population < Marion county, t,E. I 1 ’.) has almost doubled since th Ist of January last. The immigration is mostly froi • South Carolina.” What is here asserted of Marion county, is, to som extent, true ol several counties in Georgia. Carolii land-hunters are almost daily encountered in some set lion of this Srate. They are purchasing not_only fi themselves, but for whole colonies, that are preparin ■ to leave the Slate. Only a few days since, we h-ai ol one person who desired to secure land enough i one body to settle a colony of eight familie-. In man cases, these purchase- me being ma’de by, or for th veiy men who have contributed their full share toward getting up tiie revoiutionaiy spirit that now threaten . the peace ot the country—tor the men who, bavin raised the storm are now running away, in advanc* i trom its consequences, t hey are leaving the hone . yeomanry, whom they have deceived, to bear the but then ol taxation, and the brunt ot civil war. This latter class, we confess, have our sympathy a , well as our respect. They have allowed themselves it istiue, to be deluded by designing demagogues, an i yet we cannot hut respect them for their honesty ana firmness of purpose. They believe that they r ave bee;* injured and oppressed, and, unlike their craven ass; ciates on this side of the river, they stand ready to re sent their wrongs and resist their oppressors. Uniik the late nameless Convention, in Millegeville, they and not prate about Southern Rights and yet q-'ail befor Southern Remedies. They do not stop to quibbf about abstractions. They do not delay to settle th question, as to whether a State has the constitutiona right to secede, or whether such secession would b. revolutionary in its effects and consequences. The) boldly take the responsibility, and prepare themselve - to meet the fate of revolution and of war. Such met’ mnnitesi a spirit tffat forces others to honor them, how ever much they may disapprove of their doctrines and. policy. llow different the case with those men it Georgia, who declaim about oppressions and wrongs, and yet who basely profess to love the Union, the very source of the oppreasions of which they complain! The Next Presidency. It is perhaps rather too eaily to induce in any seri ous speculations in regard to the next Presidency.— The events of the next twelve months may, possibly* put anew aspect upon atliiirs, and render it necessarc to put some man in the field whose name has scarcely been mentioned. Men however, have their preferences, We have already expressed ours. This shall not pre vent us from respecting the opinions of others of mon experience, of greater age, and more tiied sagacity These opinions we will take pleasure in recording whenever presented. In the mean time, the followini extracts from a letter written by a Southern gentlemai t n Philadelphia, to his friend in this city, w ,I be r. with interest. “ I have not been an idle specta tor since my arnva at the North. In the New England and Middle State,i a great change has taken place favorable to the Soutl and Southern interests. The tide of abolition senti ment has to some extent been checked—and the highe. law doctrines have lost their charm. A returning sense of justice has seized upon many who were for i ioieiuty to tiie Soutii, Souinern inter ests and institutions. I confess myaell agreeably dis appo nted with the appearance of tlii gs, and believe that if we of the South are prudent, we can yet savt the Union and control its destinies. This can be dom in the next Presidential campaign. “ Judging from the movements on the political chest board, lour gentlemen will be prominently before the nation, viz: M ssrs. Cass, Bucham n, Scott and Web ster. ‘J bey are all men of great prominence and pop ularity. Three of them are avowed supporters ol the Compromise measures of the last Congress. General Scott is also reported to have announced himself a warmly in favor of maintaining the integrity of tht Union as it is. It is asserted here that he is the favorite of some of the quasi Fire-Eaters of Georgia. One thing is certain—lie is also the choice of Seward and the entire anti-slavery interests of the North. You need not, however, be surpiised at any co-operation or sympathy which may be manifested between the dis unionistsand the abolitionists. They are striving for the same object—the same end. They both believe in the right ot secession—they both desire a dissolution o! the Union, and stand ready to support any candi date, or to use any aspirant, to promote their unha, lowed ends. General Scott is no disunionist. He i a pure, high-toned patriot. But he is ambit- tv ’ fear may encourage these luciious tosupj.uit m u Presidency. lie however, can never oe native American sentiments will a.ray against him . entire vote ot the adopted citizens,and tiiat is near!) 1 two million strong in the Union. “ None of the gentlemen mentioned will be supportci , exclusively us Whigs or Democrats. New eiemeni j will mingle in the canvass. Old issues will to sum i extent be forgotten. Cass, Buchanan, and Webstei i are nil well known Compromise men. Cass an, I Webster have made great personal sacrifices, and rui, great personal risks in maintaining, what they evi dently believe to be the integrity ot the Union and thu Constitution. Each dared to encounter the current c 1 popular prejudice in his own State, and each, for t time, was threatened to be overwhelmed. Both how ever, manifested an integrity and firmness ot purpose equal to the crisis, and both seem to have triumphei over their enemies at home. Whether they hav strength enough left to make a national issue, remain to be seen. Mr. Webster’s name associated with tha ot Will am R. King of Alabama, for the Vice Presi dency, would be a tower of strength. It would at once array the friends of the Constitution and Union asitis,against die factionists ot both extremes —aguins the abolitionists ot ilie Not til, and the secessionists o the South. “ General Cass and some popular W big, won and mak an equally, perhaps more powerful ticket. He woul carry Micnigan and several of the Western States liis bold, manly, and patriotic position,assumed durin the last Congress, would endear him to many wli<> have hitherto opposed him. He would deserve suc cess, but could lie secure it ? I fear not. 1 would vote for him myse.lt, but I fear the South/tould not be in duced to give him a cordial support. Mr. Buchanan, on the contrary,can get the support ot every Southern State except South Carolina—and if she should remain in the Union, he can get even her. He is no neophyte- His conduct in the Senate years ago—his speeches on the presentation of abolition petitions—proved him to be the disinteresie ! friend ot the South. Ileliasshowt during a long life of public service, no shadow o’ turning, lie lias been emphatically a Coo- Itmion,. Union man trom the start, lie was wilting tc ext< ud the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific ; but as that could not be accomplished, he acceded to the Compromise dt the lust Congress. Uuder such cir cumstances, Mr. Buchanan cannot only carry every State that General Cuss can carry, but he can cam evety Southern State except Carolina. ILs views c. the tariff, ot internal improvements and of national issues generably me .agreeable to the South. He is in favor ot moderate duties, of economical expenditures, and ot a stri l construction of the Constitution. As such, the friends of the Union in the South, both Wnigs and Democrats, cun cordially support him. ‘ This is the present aspect of affairs. 1 have looked carefully into every element that at present seems to mingle • the contest,,and I as-ure von that I have given a tauhlul picture of what I have seen. The -veins of the next winter may change every thing 1 hey may depress and elevate others, but they canno •il ice the records of public men, and 1 as-ure you that ■.o long as those records last, Mr. Buchanan will stain n>. !i as the earliest, the most fearless, anu : u tnoi i men sled champion of Southern rights that has eve held office iroin n non slaveholding State.” The Weather—The Crop-.. The drought which continued for several weeks has at last terminated. From a!! ol the surrounding counties, we hear of genial showers In some sections they have h id fine seasons, wine m otlrcis, there are still complaints that the rains have n■ ■ t vet been suffi oient The weather i3 propitious however, mid v.e have strong hopes that the labors ot the husbandman I may be abundantly blessed. The early corn and oats have been mateiially injured. The gardens generally have been destroyed, w hile the cotton crop has snflered to some extent; but there is yet ample time for its recovery, provided we have even an o dinary season. From the Dolton Times, June 12/A. “ The wheat crop in Cherokee is now being havest ed, and from what we can learn, the crop will be abun dant. In this and the adjoining counties, the wheat crops are very promising, and, with the advantage ol tine weather for cutting, flour wiil soon be down to a “ living price.” We have, for the last two weeks, had plenty of rain, which has greatly benefitted the corn crop.” From the Chattanooga Advertiser, June 1 1/A. “ From gentlemen who have travelled through the tipper portion ot East Tennessee, we have vety flatter mg accounts ot the prospect of crops. It is supposed that the wheat crop will far exceed that of any previ ous year. The Smut has sightly affected it in some sections, but it has escaped a worse enemy the Rust. — Corn crops too, are very promising, at present.” From the Rome Courier, June 12/A. “ We are yet Without general rains, and growing crops of every kind are greatly injured. The weather is, however, very favorable tor harvesting; wheat is unusually tine and abundant.” From the Albany Patriot, June sth. “ We Iparn from planters residing in various parts ol Decatur county that the cotton crop is unusually back ward. Many plantations have been seriously injured by lice. Ihe corn crop is generally good ; coin in the county is selling lor one dollar per L ushel ; corn from New Orleans is selling in B-tinbridge for eighty-five cents per bushel.” From the Griffin Uni n, June sth. We have had no rain in these parts since the sth day of May, except a partial shower on Monday last, which fell from a cloud about three miles wide, the edge ol which passed over the eastern part of our town. Except within the scope of that shower, the farms in this section are suffering for rain. The wheat crop, which is now being harvested, is the best raised in this vicinity for years—the dry weath er which has cut off’ the oat crop almost entirely, has been of advantage to the wheat. If the drought con tinues much longer, the corn and cotton will suffer se- j ferely ” From the Mtlledgeville Recorder, June 9th ‘ We have been suffering in this section from a se vere drought lor four weeks past umil Sunday last, when we had a very refreshing rain. Vegetation, which had drooped under a parching sun, lias in some degree, been revived, and the atmosphere become more com fortable. The corn crop South of this to the Gulf, being more forward than with us, has suffered considerably, but late partial showers would indicate that the drought is : not to be of much longer duration. Cotton generally, though small for the season, looks tolerably well. A friend in Suinter, residing on Flint River, who planted early, bad biootns last week. Oats are small, and although a large quantity has been sowed, will be short. Those persons alone sowed in the fall will do well. Wheat, however, has now been harvested and also in a favorable season. It turns out well—the best crop made for several years past. We flatter ourselves that there has been quite as much raised as will answer for domestic consumption The vole on the Coin promise. The disunionists, in order to prejudice old Demo crats and Southern men against the compromise measures,are in the habit of asserting that they were forced upon the country by the Whigs and Yankees. The Florence Gazette, a Union Democratic Organ ot Alabama, has given the following analysis of the several votes, showing very clearly that a majority ot the votes cast for those measures came from the Demo cratic party, and that the opposition was mostly con fined to the ultraists of ihe South and the Abolitionists of the North, who combined and used every effort for the defeat of every measure intended to save the Union. Thi Utah Bill passed the Senate by yeas 32 ; nays 18. The yeas were 23 Democrats —only eight Whigs, and Thomas H. Benton. Not a single Northern Whig voted foi the bill- Two Southern Whigs, Jno. Bell of Tennessee, and Pearce of Maryland , voted against it. Os the 23 Democrats in its favor, 12 were Southern and II Northern. Thus if the 11 Northern Demo crats had voted against the bill it would have been defeated. Had its passage depended upon Whig votes it would have been lost. The bill passed the House of Representatives, Sep tember 9th, by yeas, Democrats 63; Whigs 33, and Native American 1 ; t0ta1,96. Nays, Democrats, 24 > Whigs, 48; Freesoilers and Abolitionists, 13 ; total,Bs’ Democrats nearly two to one over the Whigs for the bill; Whigs, two to one over the Democrats against it. Here again the measure depended upon Democratic votes for its support. The Whig party would hav e defeated it if possible. The Texas Bill passed the Senate, yeas, Demo crats 16 ; Whigs 14 ; total, 30 Nays, Democrats, 11 . (ultra southern men,) Whigs 5; and Benton, Chase. Hale and Seward, Abolitionisis, 4 ; total, 20. 11• r again a majority of those voting for the bill were Democrats. The New Mnxico Bill passed the Senate by yeas 1 oor-'s. 18; Whigsß; Benton 1; total, 27. Nays’ -rats, 2 ; W lugs 6 ; Chase and Hamlin 2 ; total, i . Upon the motion to attach this bill to the Texas bill in the House, the final vote was yeas, Democrats, 59 ; V\ higs 49 ; total, 108. Nays, Democrats, 36 ; Whigs, Freesoilers and Abolitionists 13; t0ta1,97. A majority ot those voting for the bills were Demo crats —a majority who voted against them were Whigs- In the Senate the vote u, on agreeing to the above was yeas 31; nays 10; Benton,the renegade,and only one Northern Democrat being in the minority. The California Bill passed the Senate by yeas, Democrats 15 ; Whigs 14 ; and Benton, Chase, Ham lin, Hale and Seward 5; in all 34. Nays 18; all Northern men, Whigs and Democrats. In the House the vote stood yeas, 52 Democrats; 82 Whigs; 1 Native American .and 14 Freesoilers and Abolitionists; in ali 150. Nayss6,all Southern men, Whigs and Democrats. Every Northern Whig voted for it, as it was especially favorable to the free States- Only 26 Southern men voted for it. The Fugitive Slave Bill passed the House by yeas, 80 Democrats; 29 Whigs; total 109. Nays, 12 Dem ocrats ; 52 Whigs and 13 Freesoilers and Abolitionists; total 76. This was a Sou'hern measure and yet only three Northern Whigs voted for it. Twenty-six Northern Democrats supported it. In the Senate not one Northern Whig voted for it. But for Northern Demo cratic votes the bill could not have passed. The Slave Trade’Bill passed the Senate by yeas, 19 Democrats; 12 Whigs; Benton,Chase, Hale,Ham lin and Seward 5 ; in all 33. Nays 19, Southern men, Whigs and Democrats. In the House the vote was yeas, Demociats 45; Whigs 67 ; Freesoilers and Abolitionists 12 ; in all 124. Nays 59, Southern men, Whigs and Democrats. ‘lire Sandwich Island War Ended. It appears by tbe late news trom the Pacific,thd the controversy between the Fiench and the Sandwich Islanders has been compromised. The Hawaiian j government, without acknowledging the right of any foreign nation to dictate or prescribe laws affecting r e licious be jet, or that the government lias gone beyond tiie ext. iusive powers which France herselt had granted’ nus agre and to refer to the Legislature, which has been convoked to meet in Honolula on the 30th of April, the questions of equality between the Cat olics and Protestants, and also to inquire whether, as a measure ot political economy, French spirits shall be admitted at one-half the present rates of duties. Documents from French subjects are to be received in the French language, and the treaty is to be adopted in French and Hawaiian. The Polynesian contains the procla mation,by authority,to this effect, in French, Hawaiian and English. The King refers his claims for damages as hereto fore urged, fur the destruction of his tort, the seizure of hisyacth, &c ,to the decision ot Louis Napoleon* thus giving a renew ed token of confidence in the honor of the French nation. Tiie President of the French Republic cannot therefore do otherwise than act gen erously, ns well as honorably, towards King Kaine hameha, who has shown such confidence in his sense ol justice. The excitement had nearly all passed off, and tne United Slates vessels of war had leit the har bor ot Houohulu tor other sections of the Pacific. Mr. Buchanan and his Friends. The Democratic Convention of Pennsylvania j non.mate a candidate for Governor, &c.. assembler 1 Reading on the sth inst. Nearly air the delegates I in favor of supporting .Mr BUCHANAN tor the p. i enev—though the name of that distinguished \ man was not formally firesemej l-y o *■ : the American people Col. W,Vi i: gmstied Union and Compromise Democrat, was,,, “ imously nominated tor Governor, and the follow among o her resole tons, adopt! and : R. solved, That the democratic party if Pennslyv* nia, ever ttue to the Union, the constitution and i im ,” will faithfully observe and execute, so far as in lies, all the measures ot compromise adopted bv if 0 late Congress, for the purpose ol settling t| ie questions * arising out ot domestic slavery ; and this not only i r ,,m a sense of duty as good ci izens ot the republic, but also from the kind and fraternal leelings which they cherish t towards their brethren ot the slaveholding States. • R-solved, That the sixtli section of the act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, passed on the 3d of March 1847, denying under severe penalties the use of our 1 State jails for the detention of fugitive slaves win-. * awaiting their trial, ought to lie expunged froniour I statute book ; both because it interposes obstacles by j means of State legislation to the execution ot the pro visions of the constitution of the Uni ed States for the J r s oration ol fugitive slaves, and because it is a virtual 1 disregard of the principles ol the compromise, and i* calculated seriously to endanger the existence of the j Union. Resolved, That in the matter of laying duties on foreign imports by the general government, we are in \ favor of the reciprocal interchange of our products with I the other nations of the earth in consonance with the I enlightened spirit ot the age, recognizing clearly the practice of the government to maintain and preserve in full vigor and safety all the great industr al pursuit* j oft he country. After the nomination had been made and tin- r><#. lutions adopted, Col. Bigler was introduced to the Convention, and accepted the nomination in a speech of great power and eloquence. He spoke most ably ot his devotion to the Union, as follows: “ The man is unwise who refuses to be influenced 4 by the experience ol the past I: is by looking tn* past history that we mus’ come to . right cocci sum as to what the policy ot the country must be lor the tu ture. There may be no immediate hanger to the ex existence ol our national Union. But it : •- u i..,- that the fiery ordeal isnot yet entirely passed. A: least one member of the Union threatens disloyalty. The crisis is still critical, and calls for the exercise of patri otism, and wisdom, and love, on the part of those at the helm. Seventy-five years ago the glorious old ves sel was launched, with broken masts, and shattered sails, and open planks. Dissension among her crew threatened to drive her upon the rocks. That difficul ty being settled, the head winds of nullification arose, and menaced the loss ot one star from our stripes.— That danger was averted. In our own day, from the agitation connected with the slavery question, and the and the admission of new territories, she was threaten ed to be overwhelmed by the storm and the waves— the note of danger and alarm was sounded. All hands came to the rescue. The patriot came. He who lay on the couch of indolence came, and the mutineer him self came ; and all united in adjusting the canvass that brought vessel safe the to harbor. I correct myself.— Not yet to harbor; but she is in view, her sails renew ed, and all right. (Great cheering.) Only a single bar —a sand bar—is in tier way. Who is there that would not sacrifice something to bring up the vessel safe?— (Cheers.) The measures ot compromise and adjust ment adopted recently by Congress,and which I am pre pared to support with all my power, may, and 1 trust will.be the means of accomplishing the desired end.— Whether 1 am elevated to the position of Governor of this State, or continue an obscure citizen of the com monwealth. I shall ever be devoted, heart and soul, to this glorious Union, the idea of the dismemberment of which conjures up horrors too painful to contemplate. It is the ark ol our covenant, containing the charter oj our freedom, not to be touched without desecration in the language, then, of an eminent statesman, let us be for the Union, first and last, one and inseparable, forever.” During the sitting of the Convention, letter a lion Col. Black ot Pittsburg, whose name had also b mentioned for the candidacy, was read, withdrawing his name from before the bodv. His object in doing ao was to produce harmony. Gov. Johnson, the V\ hig nominee, had pocketed ihe act ot the last Legislature, repealing the odious enactments, so offensive to the South, in regard to the use of the public jails for fugi tive slaves. From this letter we make the following eloquent extracts: “ It I dtd not believe that the entire nation was in terested in our success at the State election, I might not be so earnest at the first of the fight; but Ido be lieve that the security of the Union depends upon the issue in Pennsylvania, and, therefote, I am, “in my heart of hearts,” most anxious. Governor Johnson — against whom and towards whom I never have and never will employ an unkind word, has dedicated him self to are -election. His resources are neither few nor feeble. Suppose he succeeds—it is a declaration on the part of Pennsylvania that Site is determined to dis turb the measures of conciliation and compromise which have put past troubles to sleep. * * * “ Let the centreoflhe Union, then, shake the Union, and what becoinesof the trembling branches of the tree? I do not belong to the school who and not think there - is any need of alarm because danger dots not thunder daily at their doors. ****** “The peace of this Union has been troubled, and may be troubled again. Let us not, by hollow proles sion, but by acts ot fidelity and fairness, be true to ev ery several right the constitution gives to every several section of the country. Then we are American-, and worthy of the name. You will excuse m lor ru rung into this earnest expression ; but I feel it all, and can not keep from saying it.- “ 1 consider the American Union the greatest human institution that was ever formed and, next u> tiie Christian religion, the greatest, blessing our l -rtu s have ever met to make easier the burdens ot a v yy life ; and I regard even the dangers o; is dissoi-ivt. as a disaster most deeply to be deplored “ We can groan and sweat without much agony un der the load of life’s sorrows, so long as we have a country; but take that away, and we have no heart lor anything, and no manhood to meet anything. “When the Moselle exploded, some years ago, on the Ohio river, the arms and legs, with the heads and hearts of men, were seen flying through the air. That was very like a Union exploded, dismembered, and destroyed—the more horrible after its destruction, be cause of its beauty before. “ The wisdom of our fathers, rising from the mighty deep of the spectral past, beseeches as to avoid the breaker which they carefully and safely shunned.” These sentiments were responded to, most enthusi astically, by all the delegates present, except, perhaps the few freesoilers, who are headed by Cameron and Wilmot. These facts prove that the great mass ot the Democratic party of Pennsylvania, headed by Mr. Buchanan, is perfectly sound and reliable upon the subject ofslavery—that they are the fixed, unwavering Iwends ot the compromise measures, and ol the Union as it is. These Union Democrats will detach from the Whig party, of Pennsylvania,enough Union and Com promise Whigs to carry the Slate. Ihe Cooper’s and Randal’s and Ingersol’s, of that noble old common wealth, will notallow Governor Johnson to engraft. Sewardism upon the Whig creed. They will great y prefer to fall back upon the modera'e tariff veioped in the third resolution above given and •nne with the Union Democrats upon the broad platform of the compromise. God gram that these results may follow, and mat the Union men of the Old Key Stone State, whether Whigs or Democrats in past years, may unite as one man, to save the Union Iroin impending dangers A Sensible Argument. The newspapersevery where are disputing about the beauty and propriety of the new Turkish dress. For ourselves, we care but little how the ladies dress, so they are beautiful, amiable, and kind hearted towards their husbands and the rest ol mankind. One el the short dress advocates however, has tatlier taken us by storm. He goes ior the Turks upon the score of and affirms, that under the new regime three yardsofyard w'dc cloth will make a costume .whereas it takes over thirty six yards by present measurement: “ Hence, it follows that one diess after the present fashion will make twelve dresses alter the new style.— If there be ten millions of women within the United States, there would thus be saved by the Turkish costume ninety millions ot yaidsol good cloth, that might be sent to the heathen, and thus every woman in Africa and Asia, and on the Pacific Islands, to say nothing ot the” unborn babes” ot the first mentioned region, as Aminadab Sleek says, might be furnished with toggery from our mere sutplusage.” ixy The St. Louis Reveille . ot the 29th May, an nounces the death ol -Mr. Graham the tragedian. He was popular in a professional capacity, and highly es teemed lor those qualities which excite friendship ami resp- t. He had, we believe, many tnt mate acqua.n lancrs in this city.
