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I*,Y S. ItOSK & CO.
j tl r liwrgia Journal A Messenger
■ rJ !,!i)y.l o Woliic-itity murniugat io pr tiiuuui.
‘yitaiyr at U<f repitar c<ar( will Iw Onk buu.iv
-f . It ur nu >'t*ai> Lktfs, for ilie Urßt iu*er
jl t rv Cti r. ; for vuclt *ul>*t'<.{U<rtti In. •frilnu. AU
11,., ::-.• a.,:;:s uol > jioeuied a* to uuie, Will tm |Hii>L.%lv;
i.jil in i cli irjf.nl acc<>rJlri)rtj". A liberal -Jinvutlut
~,- tt’ tli'J* wtaa a.lvertiie by me year.
ijimKV NvHCs> <>l ursk TM UIUU, will lie rlrjnl ml
nual rate*.
v v; . tf cinJiiUtn for office, to be j.atd for at
Uu.il riltA, when luserteil.
r,fl arfi :i<c.neats made with county offWr*, Drug
j.■ t iftloneert, Merchant*, aud oilier*, who utay wUh to
!;,<• limited contract*.
-nr- •>? l.isn isn iKtßoas.by Executors, Administrator*
, I .. iirjiaos, are required by law to ie ajvrrtisij ill a
■ii i uette, forty Jays previous to the Jay of .sale,
fueii *iles must le hell outlie first Tuesday hi the mouth,
i .-.•it th ■ hours of ten iu the forenoon auJ three in the
• n.. n, at the Oourt-hnu o iu the county in which tiie
[.rui'-rty is situated.
sai-ii.. o Fikamul Fkupfrtt must he advertised in like
ir.j iner, forty days.
N .ric* ro KKsroita asd Creditors of an Estate must be
ted . trt* fan,
SoTiOts that applteation will be mule to the Ordinary sot
leave to sell Lind :tuj Segroe*, muspiie putdi-died Weekly lor
two mouths. ■“*
OlTsrioxs far Letters of A Julinistrations, thirty days; for
[iijiuission from Administration, monthly, sis mouths; for
Dismission from Quinllsnship, weekly, t rty Juya
Rules tok Forfulosisu or Moatuauk, mouthly, four
mouths ; for establishiug lost papers, for the full space ol
three months ; for coin;>eliiug titles from executors or ad
ministrators where a boud has beeu given by the deceased,
the full space of three months.
Letters addressed to S. ROSE k CO.
Professional ami lSiiiiiess Jlen.
PRiiFKSs.oyaL and Bi'sisntss Carps will be Inserted under
- this head, at the following rates, via :
t | r Three line*, per annum, $5 00
** Serm lines, do 10 00
** Tea lines, do 12 00
** Twelve lines, do 15 00
Nj advertisement* of this class will be admitted, unless
paid for in advance, nor for a less terta than twelve months.
Advertisement* of over twelve line* will be charged ran aTa.
Advertisements not paid for in advance will be charged at
the regular rates.
REXHJ Li AH M HUSTINGS
OF MASONS, KNIGHT TKMFLAKS, ODD FEL
LOWS AND SONS OF TKUPEKWCE,
HELD IX THE CITY OF IIACOX.
MASONS.
Grand I.mlge of Georgia for 1860, Oetober Slst.
Macon Lodge, No. 5, first and third Monday night* in each
month.
Const tut.ne Chapter, No. 4, second Monday night in each
month.
Washington Council, No. 6, fourth Monday night in each
month.
Ft. Oiiier’s Encampment. Knights Templar, So. 2, Meetings
every first Tuesday n'glit in each month*.
ODD FELLOWS.
Grand Lodge, first Wednesday in June.
t.ranJ Encampment, Tuesday previous.
F-AriUn Lodge, No. 2, every Tliursday evening.
I'niteJ Brother*, No. 5, every Tuesday evening.
Mu a Union Encampment, No.2,second and fourth Moc- 1
day evenings in each month.
SONS OF TEMPERANCE.
Grand Division, fourth Wednesday in October, aunualty.
b i 81 \e n s < \ki >.
lAftDmi,<ft. O. •. iPilli
HARDEMAN & SPARKS,
WARE-HOUSE
AND
Commission Merchants.
MACON. OAu u
iifltL gift pronpt attention to the tel Ii of ia4 storing I
iVh their'to mrwtlhtfr tu
r lto
A n itt 15th U/*)
•I. B. & W. A. IP
\Yliol?*alt* Dry (oods Jobbers.
Comer Cherry aad Second Sts..
Macon. (*a.
qapbaasaaeßaga~
D. C. HODGKINS &. SON,
iMULm ns asd MAsmetetm * r
<3r xj jst st,
AI.W ‘.ZL
. Lamer Houao,
MaCuK, Ga.
Jan. 1, 1860. ts
double
TH OMAN MOR SE,
(if the late firm of Mimviltm k. Miusk, having pur
the entire Uujiai4, will continue the manufac
n* of
Double iiuiis, and best Rides and Pistols
made in the United skate*, on tu entirely new plan of Mr.
GUVS re-atocPed and repaired in the beat manner, and on
irasonsMe terms, at short notice. The underpinned being
practical workman, will guarantee all hia work, and in
vite rhe public to give him a trial.
£ST“ The Stand is under the Floyd House, opposite *>r.
T i >cap3ou*3. june IS-’GO-y
NEW FIRM.
L. T. STRONG & SONS.
Lewis p. strong tn
lt?rs his grateful ihanTs
or the liberal patronage /x fT S
er.de lto him for the last *M. Qjguiise'; -
wenty seven year*.and re- Sfc-’ V/
eci ally announce* that he rr
i nnn-iate.l lilh him in
e further prosecution ot rjj,. v
•<, his two ions. -A>- ‘
EDO All i*. STRONG and r S
Forrester w. strong,
un lei* the name, firm and ■
styie or L. P. STRONG k
SONS, and will continue to
Ee. p on hand and offer, a large and select assortment of
Hoots Slioes ai*l i.*;illi*i*
of all kinds, and Findings for Country manufacturers, lie
respectfully asks for the new flrtu, a continuance oi the lib
eral fitvor extended to the old.
Macon, January 2,1860. dl-y
K ERRIS ON & L2IDXNG.
IMPORTERS
Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods,
WHOLESALE AND DETAIL,
llasf*! Slrift—oi<‘ door from King,
CHARLESTON, S. C
apr 20-’6O-ly*
DAVID ROSS,
800 I£-I3 I3NTUER
AND
ACCOUNT BOOK MANUFACTURER.
CiONTINI KN tomake BLANK BOOKS
J for Courts, Counting Houses and Rail -w
. Is and to Bind all varieties of PRINTED
WORK with superior neatness and despatch.'■■■■■W
Ul SIC Bound with ELASTICITY and ELEGANCE.
Law Hooka in the most approved style.
Harp fas’ weekly and .magazine, graeiam’S,
OODEY’S, and all other Periodicals and Magazines BOUND
i:. neat and cheap Bindings.
Particular attention paid to the re-binding valuable old
Books.
fcV Orders from a distance will meet with prompt atten
tion.
‘fit Moor to W. W. Parker & Co’s.
Macon, September 26, ls6o.—y
GEORGE A. S.UITII,
WHOLK3AL* If ANUFACTUE*B OP
plain and fancy candies,
Near the New Passenger Depot ,
MACON, GA.
H‘ RC HA NTS can be supplied upon as favorable terms,
with as good Candy, in gTeat varieties, as can be had
houth. Those wishing to purchase are respectfully invited
to call and examine specimen*.
Allorder* promptly filled, with a fresh article, and warran
ted to stand the cUmata. Term* cash. j
*<*- . t-tt J
(Georgia Journal n& ill csscnger.
ii ti:l, s.
THE STUBBLEFIELD HOUSE.
“ Like'the Plianix from its Ahhes.”
rtf II AT large, wew and etegmnt House, recently erected
1 on the ruin* of my old establishment, street
Mas'on. Un M ix iMMitipru fur Uir recrf>tion ftutl nccottitutola
ttu of 11 laitiers nul trnnsicul (lurst.s
Tit*- Home his l>eM nmrlv fumblted throughout. In th.-
Irnst manner, snd Hie Proprietor will endeavor to mate it a
FIRST CLASS HOTEL.
Its situation i* eligible, a little la-low the Methodist and
op|>o*ite to the Presbyterian Church, and near the Bank*
aiol place* of business.
Connected with the Hooseis a large
f*i verynnd SaloStal)l<%
where Drovers and others can find accommodations for
their slock
The patronage of his old friends and of the traveling pub
lic r. neraily, is reriiectfuliy solicited.
n ,v 5-ts M. STUBBLEFIELD.
NEW HOTEf.
PLANTERS 9 HOUSE,
MACON, GEORGIA.
ON CHERRY STREET, two Snuarei front the Rail Road
l>r*lot, anl in the buiinetf part of the city,
nov 21-tk*-y J- O. (OOIALU, Proprietor.
Ci Kj\N I T EHA L. f7,
MACON, GEORGIA.
fftllE Proprietor would inform his old friends and pat
-1 runs, aad the public generally, that he has made large
oil'fituinx and iiHjtropruirnts to his House, making it as
ever comfortable and pleasant, and in returning hlaihaiiK*
to one and alt, he would solicit a cemtinuamt of the pat
ronage he has heretofore so liberally received.
aug22-’6o—y B. f. DENSE, Proprietor.
Brown’s Hotel,
Opposite the Passenger House, Macon, Ga.
By E. E. BROWN A SON.
\fKAI.S ready on the arrival of every Train. The
if! proprietors * til spare no pain* to uinke their gutukis
cuiulorUbie. feb
TIiOIITI f o us itT,
HI J. D. tILHEKT A CO.
AllauUa, Georgia.
sep 13 24-ts
WASHINGTON HALL.
THIS HOUSE IS STILL OPEN TO THE PUBLIC.
SI*KA lAI. arrangement will be made for the accommo
.iation of the Members to the approaching STATE CON
VENTION. and the future Session of the Legislature.
The rotes and term, at this House, will conform to those
of the other Public House* iu this city.
N. 0. BARNETT.
MilledgcviUe.Ga , Dec. 15th, IsW.
BUSINESS CARDS.
T. C. X ESBET,
kah y act t re it or
RTEAJI EN4JINEK and BOIEEIt*.
*avv .Hill ■!:< liimtv. Guar-
ami HauliitiiTj iu
ttETVERAE.
WKOUGT IRON COI'TON SCREWS,
hiuar .Hill*. Mhstfft* and Hu I lies
Iron Kailiass WroißlH and
C ct%l, iVa'*. At’.. Af.
; rill K undersigned believe* that he l* Manufacturing and
A scllinr the above Machinery,Tf t per Ifni, rhean
er and ol as good quality as any estabitshui-nt at the stoatb,
and is willing to warrant all (he work aa equal, if not Supe
rior t. an,. Ijans| T. C. XIXBET.
A. M QUEEN.
MACON, GEOnCrIA.
\( IMF It TANARUS( KEIC of rousts* Iross
.!I SAILING of every description, and for all
Plain aad Ornamental, from the lightest Fcroil Iron, up to
the heaviest Sailing used. Usris an endiesa variety of
Mew s—i Original Design*; purchasers cannot fad to be suit
ed.
Mein* entirety at Wrought Iron, their strength tissal be
questioned, aad for beauty the, cannot he surpassed any
aitrre. AU sinda of Taney Iron Work made to order. Par
ticular attention given to making all kinds of
Geometrical Stair Railmcs.
pge -tpeciuseus of lK - work can be seen nt th*- Residences
of r"O Holi.L. V vr. Andrews and W. J. Alcltlroy, Es,rs.
Also at Rose Hitt Cemetery.
July It 16-if
itirrunalrd IVrouebl Iron and M irr
Railiags
(Secured Ijf Letters Patent.)
VIA *f I ICA It L. V adapted for enclosing Public
Orounds, Cemeteries, Balconies. Cottages, Ac. Bbeep
and O* Hur lie. Pa eut Wire, stacking Bedstead*. aiOi i very
variety of guiding Iron Bedsteads and Iron Furniture.—
Patent Wire Coa! s*crecns. Ore, Sand and Gravel Screen*,
Wire Netting for Musquito, Sheep, Poultry and other pur
poses. Wire Summer Houses. Fancy Wire W'ork in great
variety tor gardens. Ac. M. WALKER A ?OXS,
Manufacturers, No. 535 Market, N. E. Cor 6th ?t., Phila
delphia. fort 24—ly)
Aew Carpet Store.
JAMES G. BAILIE,
DIRECT lUPURTB Off AU. USDS OF
Carpeting,
Koits, Floor Oil CUks, VLmiuv Shades, Ac.
Curtain Damasks, Lace and Muslin
CURTAINS, &C.
>o. 234 KING ST., t lIAKLUSTOX, S. C.
J. a. BAILIE & BRO..
205 BROAD STALKRT, AUGUSTA, UA.
may 2-60-1 j
CURTAIN GOODS,
Window Shades and Paper Ilan^in^s.
This is the Largest Assortment in the Southern Btates.
ver Sold on accommodating terms, every article war
rantee as represented.
H. W. KINSMAN, Importer,
may 2-60-ly*] 223 KING ST., CHARLESTON, 8. 0.
LAMBERTS & HOWELL
SIQ KINO- STREET,
WEST SIDE,
Importers .lobiier* anil K><‘alei*s in
English, Scotch and Domestic
CARPETITvTGS,
RUGS, FLOOR OIL CLOTHS,
LINEN GOODS, MATTINGS, Ac.
may2-Crt-ly*) UHAHLKSTON, S.
Pure Liquors,
JUST IMPORTED.
DALY &, FITZGERALD,
2d door from Hardeman & Sparks’ Warehouse,
• Have ja*t received .
PURE IRISH WHISKEY.
* MERKTT BRANDY.
“ SHERRY WINE.
“ MADEIRA A PORT WINK.
These Liquors have been selected with great care by Daly
during a recent vlnlt to Ireland. They are
warranted pure. It is deemed entirely unnecessary to re
sort to puffery in order to induce a sale. They are of the
best quality, and cannot fail to establish this commendation
In the minds of all who try them. The public and judges of
the article, particularly, are invited to call and examine for
themielve*. (nov 23 85-)
Misc©llane oils.
GAS t'IXTI'ICIiN, Pocket and Table Cut
lery, RAZORS and FANCY CUTLERY,PORTABLE
DESKS. DRESSING CASES, FANCY BASKETS PARIAN
STATUETTS, DOUBLE &. SINGLE GUNS,
COLT’S PISTOLS, CASKS, PORT MONIES AND PURSES,
MURSCIIAUM PIPES.CIGAK HOLDERS.OPKRA GLASSES,
Shell and Ornamental Combs,
Fancy Hair Pins, Backga;nmon Boards, Chess Men, Domi
noes, 33illif#-cl Balls, Cues
LEATHERS A CHALK,
With many new and desirable articles not enumerated.
anew and fine selection for sale at low prices, bv
*ov 16 K- J- JOHNSTON A CO.
• 4 Tliat” Tobacco.
THK choicest brand of Chewing Tubacco, manufactured
in this country, just received and for sale by
| MABSENBURG k SON,
| dec 5 Successors to E. L. Strobccker.
MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 1801.
PROFESSIONAL IAKOS.
J. IE ISAXII.% ill, Jr.
ATTOfIWEY AT LAW,
,H.IION, (.A.
<i['t Il’E cn Cutton Avenue ov.r tiie Raptist Book
y Siore, room formerly occupied by Dr. Green,
leb 6-1 y
s. kb. LOOM,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MACON", GEORGIA.
OFPHIK with Speer A Hunter, over Bostick’s Store.
eb. go, 19*1 —y
LitlAß COBB,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
M VCON, GEORGIA,
OFFICE on Mulberry street, over the Store of A. M.
Blackshear k Cos., in Koardmim’s Washington Block.
Will practice in Bilffi, Crawford, Dooly, Houston, Matsu,
i'siggs, itoi th, and Sumter. !tl> 27-y
Ii CARD.
MESSRS. COOK, ROBINSON (v MONTFORT,
Wild, practice Law iu the counties of Taylor, Macon,
Houston, D toly, Sumter, Marion, Schley, and in such
other Counties in the State as llietr business v*ill authorise.
csT UI EiCliUl Otflelliorpp.
PHILIP COOK,
\V. H. ROBINSON,
ggjune 20-’00—ts T. W. MONTFORT.
B. HILL. J2l>. K. HILI.
Law l*siriiiei’blii|>.
IIIIjTj & HILL,
(SCCCBSBOHS TO TH K LATH FIRM OF STIEBS k H11.L.)
Vtriljlj practice in the Macon and adjoining Circuits,
! v t and in the Supreme and Federal Courts, the same as
I heretofore by the late firm of Stubbs & Hill.
The undersiged will close up tiie business of the late firm
I of Stubbs k Hill, as speedily as possible ; and to this end, all
j persons indebted to said firm, are requested to make pay-
I ment at as early a day as practicable.
B. HILL, Surviving partner of
August 24, 1559—23-ts Stubbs k Hill.
LA\ I Bit A AffDEIMI,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
MACON, GA.
PR ACTICE in the Counties of the Macon Circuit, and in
the Counties of Sumter, Monroe and Jones; also in the
federal Courts at Savannah.
[apr 21 ’6B-1 y]^
(li. \ I. Klt O t SB 4c ANSI, 111 .
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
KNOXVILLE AND FORT VALLEY, GA.
G. P. CULVERHOUSE, F. A ANSI.KY,
Knoxville, Ga. Fort Valley, Ga.
oct 81-’6O-l y
1.. R. WHITTLE.
ATTORNEYAT LAW,
MACON’, GEORGIA.
TFFICF next to CONCERT lIALL,over Payne’* Drug Store
jau. 6, [4l-ly.] ,
THOMAS B. CABAAISS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Forsytli, Grn.
WI I I. attend promptly to all business entrusted to his
care in the Counties of Monroe, Bibb, Butts, Crawford,
nes, Pike, Spalding and Upson. Lmay 12 *5S]
PEEPLES A CABAIUSS,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
FUKNI 111, iA.
WILL practice law in the counties of Monroe, Bibb, Up
ton. Pike, Spalding. Henry and But**. Mr. Cabanlsa
will give prompt a ud constant attention to the collection and
•ecurini: of ilubu and claim*
C. FKkPLES, GEO. A. CABANIB9.
formerly of Athens, Ga. 6-ly-
JOEL B. GRIFFIN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MACON, GEORGIA.
WI I.L practice in the Counties of Macon and the ad
joining Circuits. Also in the jounties of the West and
South-West Georgia, accessible by Kail Road.
I'fT ’articular personal attention given to collecting.
i4T“ Ollli-e with O. A. Lochrane, Daumur’s Building, 2d
Street. feb 22-’6o—4-tf
€J. C. ttJI€*UI,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
PERRY, GEORGIA.
mar fil-tA-ly*
DAWSON & KIBBEE,
Attorneys and Counsellors at I*aw,
Office at Hawkinsville &nl Vienna, Ga.
Ml*. H. will have Hie entire collecting, and ht and Mr.
D. all litigation. Tliev will practice law aud give at
tention to any bust ness that may lie entrusted to their man
agement, in the counties of
Pulaski, Lowndes, Dooly, Wilcox,
Brooks, Houston, Irwin, Echols,
Macon, Telfair, Clinch, Worth,
Coffee, Ware, lterrien, Appling,
Laurens, Sumpter, Pierce, Twiggs,
Lee. Miller, Baker, Dougherty.
In Supreme Court at Macon, Milledgeviile and Savannah,
and United States Circuit Court at Savannah, and also all
the adjoining counties, on special engagement.
Ill’s. C. KIBBSB. THOMAS 11. DAWSOX.
apr 11,4 1860 —y.
I>r. M’DOHALI) A: VAN Cl I ESEH,
DENTISTS,
i Ofllce in Wawi* ington Itioch, .Vlneon, Gil.,
ELECTRICITY USED IN EXTRACTING TEETH.
MCDONALD’N Tooth Paste always awbwmia
on hand and for sale. Dentists can be O-fjivtv,’’
supplieil with the finest style of TKETII, aUoinjylScxm
Gold Foil, Gold and Silver Plate and Wire, U—’
Lathe Fixtures, Ac., also witli any kind of Instruments or
Materials on short notice. °*-‘t 13
A. C. MOORE,
X> K X S TANARUS,
THOMASTOIT, C3E-A—,
OirfriCK over Dr. Thompson’s Btore. My work Is ray
Reference. [apr 7 2-tfl
Fine ITuriJLitixre.
FIIVE Parlor Setts, Rose Wood, Mahogany and Georgia
Walnut Furniture.
Secretaries and Book Cases, Desks and Book Cases, Bu
reaus of Rose Wood, Mahogany and Walnut.
Sofas. Tete-a Tetes, Divans Sociables, Ottomans, In Hair
Cloth, Plush, Brocatel, Ac.
Arm, Rocking, Sewing, Parlor, Bedroom, Dining, Hair
Cloth, Plush, Brocatel, Cane, Split Bottom, and every kind
of Chair kuown to the trade.
BEDSTEADS.
Rose Wood, Walnut, Maple, Mahogany, Beach, Gum, Ac.,
High, Low, French and Cottage.
Wardrobes of Hose Wood, Mahogany, Walnut and Pine.
Safes of all Patterns.
T A ISLE ft.
Mihogany, Walnut, Cherry, Pine, Extension, FoldlngJLer',
Square, Round, Ac.
Kattrasses of Hair, Cotton, Mors and Patent Spring.
I eather Beds, Pillows and Bolsters.
Pine Mirrors, common I oozing Glasses, Looking Glass
Pistes, Picture Glass.
Window Shades, and Curtain Bands Cornices.
I‘uckets, Tubs, Dippers, Brooms, Brush Brooms, Feather
Du ters, Foot Matts, Ac., for sale on the most reasonable
terms.
Lumber taken in exchange, or Lumber made up in the
most fashionable styles of Furniture to order.
We have one of the largest Stocks of KINK FURNITURE
in the State, and we are constantly manufacturing, aud wish
to sell. Call and see us.
feb 22 WOOD, BRO. A CO.
DIRECT DU’ORTATM!
Crockery, China,
—AND—
GLASS WARE.
MY first shipment from Europe lias arrived in Savannah,
and those who have ordered packages will have them
shipped in a few days. There are some of the packages
still unsold, any iu want, can, by ordering, have them ship
ped in a few days.
I have another lot shipped from Liverpool 13th of July,
which I shall look for in three or four weeks. Send in the i
orders. lam now receiving a
IiARGK STOCK OF
Glass-Ware, Tumblers, Goblets, &c.,
FOR WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
BOHEMIAN GLASS- 1V.% ItK,
C’lilnu Dinner and Tea Nells, A*., Ac
aug 29 R. p. McIIVOY.
SAMUEL W. PEPPER,
SUCCESSOR TO
HSNBY J. PEPPER & SOK.
Watches, Jewelry and Silver ware,
No. 175, C/uttnut ttreU, (opjHtsit* tks S (ptt House,)
PaiLARALT HI A.
may 81 —ly*
Farewell Speeth of Hsu, Jell’. Davit.
Mr. Da vis — T rise, Mr. President, for
the purpose of announcing to the Senate
that I have satisfactory evidence that the
State of Mississippi, ly a solemn ordinance
of her people in Convention assembled, has
declared her separation from the United
States. Under the e circumstances, of
course my functions are terminated here.—
[t has seemed to me proper, however, that I
should appear in the Senate to announce
that fact to my associates, and I will say but
little more. The occasion does not invite
me to go into argument; and my phy
sical condition would not permit me to do
so if it were otherwise; and yet it seems
to become me to say something on the part
of the State I here represent on an occasion
so solemn as this.
It is known to Senators who have served
with me here, that I have for many years
advocated as an essential attribute of State
sovereignty, the right of a State to secede
from the Union. Therefore, if I had not
believed there was justifiable cause; if I
had thought that Mississippi was acting
without sufficient provocation, or without an
existing necessity, 1 should still, under my
theory of the Government, because of tny
allegiance to the State of which I am a cit
zeu, have been hound by her action, I
however, may be permitted to say that I do
think she has justifiable cause, ami I ap
prove of her act. I conferred with her
people before that act was taken, counseled
them then, that if the state of things which
they apprehended should exist when the
Convention met, they should take the action
which they have now adopted.
I hope none who hear me will confound
this expression of mine with the advocacy of
the right of a State to remain in the Union,
and to disregard its constitutional obligations
by the nullification of the laws. Such is uot
my theory. Nullification and secession, so
often confounded, are indeed antagonistic
principles. Nullification is a remedy which
it is sought to apply within the Union, and
against the agent of the States. It is only
to be justified when the agent has violated
his constitutional obligations, and a State,
assuming to judge for itself, denies the right
of the agent thus to act, and appeals to the
other States of the Union for a decision ;
but wnen the States themselves, and when
the people of the States have so acted as to
convince us that they will uot regard our
constitutional rights, then, and then for the
first time, arises the doctrine of secession in
its practical application.
A great man, who now reposes with his
fathers, and who has been often arraigned
for a want of fealty to the Union, advocated
the doctrine of nullification, because it pre
served the Union. It was becauso of his
deep-seated attachment to the Union ; his
determination to find some remedy for ex
isting ills short of a severance of the ties
which bound South Carolina to the other
States, that Mr. Calhoun advocated the doc
trine of nullification, which he proclaimed
to be peaceful ; to he within the limits of
State power, not to disturb the Union, but
only to be a means of bringing the agent
lttfiin? tI)D triluinal o£ tlx . fur th<*ir
judgment.
Secession belongs to a different class of
remedies. It is to be justified upon the
basis that the States are sovereign. There
was it time when none denied it. I hope
the time may come again, when a better
comprehension of the theory of our Govern
ment, and the inalienable rights of the peo
ple of the States, will prevent any one from
denying that each State is a sovereign, and
thus may reclaim the grants which it has
made to any agent whomsoever. *
I therefore say T concur in the action of
the people of Mississippi, believing it to be
necessary and proper, and should have been
bound by their action if my belief had been
otherwise; and this brings me to the im
portant point which I wish on this last occa
sion, to present to the Senate. It is by this
confounding of nullification and secession
that the name of a great man, whose ashes
now mingle with his mother earth, has been
invoked to justify coercion against a seceded
State. The phrase “to execute the law’s,”
was an expression which Gen. Jackson ap
plied to the case of a State refusing to obey
the laws while yet a member of the Union.
That is not the ease which is now presented.
The laws are to be executed over the United
States. They have no relation to any for
eign country. It is a perversion of terms,
at least it is a great misapprehension of the
case, which cites that expression for applica
tion to a State which has withdrawn from
the Union. You may make war on a for
eign State. Ts it be the purpose of gentle
men, they may make war against a State
which has withdrawn from the Union : but
there are no laws of the United States to be
executed within the limits of a seceded
State. A State finding herself in the con- ;
dition in which Mississippi has judged she
is, in which her safety requires that she !
should provide for the maintenance of her
rights out of the Union, surrenders all the j
benefits, (and they are known to be many) j
deprives herself of the advantages, (they
are known to be great,) severs all the ties
of affection, (and they are close and endear
ing,) which have bound her to the Union;
and thus divesting herself of every benefit,
taking upon herself every burden, she claims
to be exempt from any power to execute the
laws of the United States within her limits.
I well remember an occasion when Massa
chusetts was arraigned before the bar of the
Senate, and when the doctrine of coercion
was rife and to be applied against her be
cause of the rescue of a fugitive slave in Bos
ton. My opiniou then was the same it is
now. Not in a spirit of egotism, but to
show that I am not influenced in my opinion
because the case is my own. I refer to that
time and occasion as containing the opinion
which I then entertained and on which my
present conduct is based. I then said if
Massachusetts, following her through a stat
ed line of conduct., chooses to take the last
step which separates her from the Union, it
is her right to go, and I will neither vote
one dollar nor one man to coerce her back,
but will say to her, God speed, in memory
of the kind associations which once existed
between her and the other States.
It has been a conviction of pressing ne
cessity, it has been a belief that we are to be
deprived in the Union of the rights which
our fathers bequeathed to us, which has
brought Mississippi into her present decis
ion. She has heard proclaimed the theory
that all men are created free and equal, and
this made the basis of an attack upon her
social institutions; and the sacred Declara
tion of Independence has been invoked to
maintain the position of the equality of the
races. That Declaration of Independence is
to be construed by the circumstances aud
purposes for which it was made. The com
munities were declaring thei r independence ;
the people of those communities were assert
ing that no man was horn, to use the lan
guage of Mr. Jefferson, booted and spurred
to ride over the rest of mankind ; that men
were created equal—meaning the men of a
political community ; that there was no di
vine right to rule ; that no m m inherited
the right to govern; that there no classes
by which power and place descended to fam
ilies; hut that all stations were equally
within the grasp of each member of the body
politic.
These were the great principles the)’ an
nounced ; these were the purposes for which
they made their declaration ; those were the
ends to which their enunciation was direct
ed. They ha ve no reference to the slave;
else, how happened it that among the items
of arraignment made against George 111,
was that he endeavored to do just what the
North has been endeavoring of late to do,
to stir up insurrection among our slaves ?
Had the declaration announced that the ne
groes were free and equal, how was the
Prince to be arraigned for stirring up insur
rection among them ? And how was this
to be enumerated among the high crimes
which caused the colonists to sever their
Connection with the mother country ? \\ hen
our Constitution was formed, the same idea
was rendered more palpable, for there we
find provision made for that very class of
persons as property; they were not put upon |
the footing of equality with white men—not
even upon that of paupers and convicts;
but, so far as representation was concerned,
were discriminated against as a lower caste,
only to be represented in the numerical pro
portion of three-fourths.
Then, Senators, wc recur to the compact
which binds us together, we recur to the
principles upon which our Government was
founded; and when you deny them, and
when you deny to us the right to withdraw
from a Government which, thus perverted,
threatens to be destructive of our rights, but
we tread in the path of our fathers when we
proclaim our independence, and take the
hazard. This is done not in hostility to
others, not to injure any section of the coun
try, not even for our own peculiar benefit;
but from the high and solemn motive of de
j fending and protecting the rights we inher
ited, and which it is our sacred duty to
transmit unshorn to our children,
j I find iu myself, perhaps, a type of the
1 general feeling of my constituents towards
yours. lam sure there is not one of you,
whatever sharp discussion there may have
been between us, to whom I cannot now say,
iu the presence of my God, I wish you well ;
| and such, lam sure, is the feeling of the
; people whom I represent towards whom you
! represent. 1 therefore feel that I but ex
press their desire when I say T hope and
they hope, for peaceful relations with you,
though we must part. They may be mutu
ally beneficial to us in the future, as they
( have been in the past, if you so will it.—
The reverse may bring disaster on every
portion nf tha oountry ; and if you will
’ have it thus, we will invoke the God of our
fathers, who delivered them from the power
! of the lion, to protect us from the ravages of
the bear; and thus putting our trust in God
and in our own firm hearts ami strong arms,
we will vindicate the right as best we may.
In the course of my service here, associat
ed at different times with a great variety of
Senators, I see now around me some with
whom I have served long ; there have been
points of collision, but whatever of offence
! there has been to me, I leave here ; I carry
with me no hostile remembrance. Whatev
er offence I have, given, which has not. been
redressed, or for which satisfaction lias not
been demanded, I have senators, in this
hour of our parting, to offer you my apology
for any pain which, in the heat of discussion,
I have inflicted. Igo hence unencumbered
of the remembrance of any injury received,
and having discharged the duty of making
j the only reparation in my power for any
injury offered.
I Mr. President and Senators, having made
the announcement which the occasion seem
ed to me to require, it only remains for me
to bid you a final adieu
POSTAL ACT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATUS
AN ACT, to be entitled An Act to pre
scribe the Kates of Postage in the Confed
erate States of America, and for other pur
poses.
Sec. 1. The Congress of the Confederate
States of America do enact, That from and
after such period as the Postmaster General
may by Proclamation, annouuce, there shall
be charged the following rates of postage,
to wit : for every single letter sealed, and
for every letter in manuscript or paper of
| any kind, upon which information shall be
asked for, or communication in writing, or
| by marks or signs, conveyed in the mail for
any distance between places within the Oon
| federate States of America, not exceeding
| five hundred miles, five cents ; and for any
distance exceeding five hundred miles, dou
ble that rate ; and every letter or parcel not
exceeding half an ounce in weight, shall be
deemed a single letter, and every addition
al weight of half an ounce, every additional
weight of less than half an ounce shall be
charged with an additional single postage;
and all packages containing other than print
ed or written matter aud money packages
are included in this class shall be rated by
weight, as letters are rated, and shall be
charged double the rates of postage on let
ters ; and all drop letters, or letters placed
in any postoffice not for transmission, but
lor delivery only, shall be charged with
postage at the rate of two cents each, and in
all the foregoing cases the postage must be
prepaid by stamps; and all letters which
shall hereafter be advertised as remaining
over or uncalled for in any post office, shall
be charged with two cents each in addition
to the regular postage —both to be account
ed for as other postages of this Confedera
cy.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That
all newspapers not exceeding three ounces
in weight, sent from the office of publication
to actual and bona fide subscribers, sliall be
charged with postage as follows to wit: the
postage on the regular numbers of a news
paper published weekly within the State
where published, shall be Cj cents per quar
ter; and papers published semi-weekly,
double that rate; and papers published
thrice a week, treble that rate; and papers
published daily six times that rate; aud the
j the postage on all newspapers to actual sub
seiibers without the States where published,
shall lie charged the foregoing rates. And
periodicals sent from the office of publica
tion to actual and bona tide subscribers,
shall be charged with the postage as follows,
to wit: the postage on the regular numbers
of a periodical, not exceeding I* ounces in
weight, and published monthly, within the
State where published shall be o cents per
quarter ; if published semi-monthly, double
that rate; and for every additional ounce
or fraction of an ounce, double the foregoing
rates shall be charged ; and periodicals pub
lished quarterly or bi-monthly, shall be
charged one cent an ounce ; and the postage
on all periodicals without the State where
published, shall be double the above speci
fied rates ; and regular subscribers to news
papers and periodicals, shall be required to
pay one quarter’s postage in advance. And
there shall be charged upon every other
newspaper and each circular not sealed,
handbill, engraving, pamphlet, periodical
and magazine which shall be unconnected
with any manuscript or written matter, not
exceeding three ounces in weight, two cents ;
and for each additional ounce, or fraction ot
an ouuce, two cents additional; aud in all
cases the postage shall be prepaid by stamps,
and books bound or unbound not weighing
over four pounds shall be deemed mileage
matter, and shall be charged with postage, to
be pre-paid by stamps, at two cents p r
ounce for any distance. The publishers of
newspapers or periodicals may send to each
other from their respective offices of publi
cation, free of postage, one copy of each
publication.
I Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That
it shall be the duty of the Postmaster Gen
eral to provide and furnisYi to all Deputy
Postmasters, and to all other persons ap
plying and paying therefor, suitable postage
stamps and stamped envelopes of the denom
ination of two cents, five cents and twenty
cents, to facilitate the prepayment of postag
es provided for in this act; and any person
who shall forge or counterfeit any postage
stamps provided or furnished under the pro
visions of this or any former act, w hether
the same arc impressed or printed on or at
tached to envelops or not, or any die, plate
or engraving therefor, or shall make or print,
or knowingly use or sell, or have in his pos
session, with intent to use or sell, any such
false, forged, or counterfeited die, plate, en
graving or postage stamp, or who shall make
or print, or authorize, or procure to be
made, or printed, any postage stamps of the
kind provided and furnished by the Post
master General, as aforesaid, without the
especial authority and direction of the Post
Office Department, or who, after such stamps
have been printed, shall, with intent to de
fraud the revenues of the Post Office De
partment, deliver any postage stamps to any
person or persons, other than such as shall
be authorized to receive the same by an in
strument of writing duly executed under the
hand of the Postmaster General, and the
seal of the Post Office Department, shall, on
conviction thereof, be deemed guilty of
felony, and be punished by a fine not
exceeding five hundred dollars, or by
imprisonment not exceeding five years, or
by both, such fine and imprisonment, and
the expenses of procuring and providing all
such postage stamps and letter envelopes as
are provided for or authorized by this act,
shall be paid after being adjusted by the
Auditor of the Post Office Department, on
the certificate of the Postmaster General,
out of any money in the Treasury arising
from the revenues of the Post Office De
partment.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That
it shall be the duty of every Post Master
to cause to be defaced in such a manner as
the Post-Master General shall direct, all
Dostage stamps of this Confederacy, attached
to letters deposited in his office for delivery
or to be sent by mail; and if any Post Mas
ter, sending letters in the mail w’itb such
postage stamps attached shall omit to de
face the same, it shall be the duty of the
Postmaster to whose office such letters shall
be sent for delivery, to deface the stamps,
aud report the delinquent Postmaster to the
Postmaster General. Aud if any person
shall use, or attempt to use, in pre-payment
of postage, any postage stamps which shall
have been before used for like purposes,
such persons shall be subject to a penalty of
fifty dollars for every such offence, to be
recovered in the name of the Confederate
States of America iu any court of competent
jurisdiction.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That
from and after the day when this act goes
into effect, the franking privilege shall be
abolished, provided that the Postmaster Gen
eral and his chief clerks, and the Auditor of
the Treasury for the Post Office Department,
shall be and they are hereby authorised to
transmit, through the mail, free of postage,
any letters, packages, or other matters relat
ing exclusively to their official duties or to
the business of the Post Office Department;
but they shall iu every such case, endorse
on the back of the letter or package to be
sent free of postage, over their own signa
tuies, the words “Official Business,” and
for any such endorsement falsely made, the
person so offending shall forfeit and pay
three hundred dollars; and provided fur
ther, the several Deputy Postmasters thro’-
oufc the Confederate States shall be, and
hereby are authorized to send through the
mail, free of postage, all letters and packa
ges which it may be their duty or they may
have occasion to transmit to any person or
place, and which shall relate exclusively to
the business of their respective offices, or to
the business of the Post Office Department;
but in every such case, the Deputy Post
master sending any such letter or package
shall indorse thereon, over his own signature,
the words, “Post Office Business;” aud for
any and every such indorsement falsely
made, the person making the same shall for
feit and pay three hundred dollars.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That
the third-section of an act entitled an act
further to amend an act entitled an act to
reduce and modify the rates of postage.in
the United States, and for other purposes,
passed March 3, 1851, approved May 3,
1855, whereby the letter registration sys
tem w r as established is hereby repealed from
and after the day when this act goes into
effect.
Sec. 7. Be it. further enacted, &e., That
no letters shall be carried by the Express or
other chartered companies, unless the same
shall be pre-paid by being enclosed in a
stamped envelope of this Confederacy ; and
any company violating the provisions of this
act shall forfeit and pay the sum of five
hundred dollars for each offence, to be re
i covered by action of debt in any <ourt of
VOLUME XXXVIII.—NO. 50.
tins (confederacy, Laving cognizance thereof,
in the name and for the use of this Confed
eracy.
Sec. 8. He it further enacted, That the
Postmaster General of the Confederate
States, be, and is hereby authorized, to
make all necessary arrangements for the
transmission of mails between the territo
ries ot this and other Governments, subject
t > the approval of the President until postal
treaties can Tie effected.
Passed Feb. it 1, 1861.
fci’om the February No. of the E iueatlonal Repository and
Family Monthly.
Wants of tlio South.
These are so numerous that we cannot
determine where to begin, much less where
to leave off. But as those wants which are
more immediately connected with the pub
lishing interests of the country have recently
engaged our attention to some extent, we
invite our readers to bestow a little reflec
tion upon (hat particular interest:
First, we need a reasonable number of
foundries, or machine shops for the manu
facture of a good supply of printing presses
and paper mill machinery. We learn that
no such establishment exists in the South ;
if wrong, we would be glad to be informed
of the fact, the place, and the proprietor or
company.
2d. We notice the fact, that wo have no
type foundries in all our borders, so far as
we know. We have heard that one proba
bly exists in Baltimore, but we know not
whether Baltimore is North or South, a
question, however, which seems to be under
going a solution,
3d. We do not know that stereotyping is
done in the South to any extent. We think
it probable that Nashville and Baltimore do
something in this department, but wc are
not able to announce the fact to our read
ers.
4th. We would like to know if, in case of
a little war with our conscienstous (?)
friends North, should come along, our pub
lishers and printers, even of our dailies and
weeklies, would be able to got ink with
which to publish the bulletins from the ar
my. Where can they be supplied ?
sth. Five times the number of paper mills
now in operation are needed to supply the
demand for printing paper in the South ;
and when we begin to publish our school
books, which we expect soon to do, or see
done by others, quadruple even that number
will be needed. As to cap and letter paper,
we dont know of a single mill now in opera
tion, which makes any of either.
Oth. Will some of our readers inform us
where there is a single establishment in the
South prepared to fill orders for the neces
sary furniture for a printing office, or book
bindery. These are subjects not inappro
priate in a journal which is laboring for the
emancipation of the South from her vassal
age to her traducers and enemies. In all
that pertains to most of these subjects, our
whole section is deeply interested. When
we have organized throughout the South,
establishments capable of furnishing all the
articles above mentioned, then we may be
gin to talk about our literary independence ;
then we maj T be able to publish our news
papers, magazines, school books and mis
cellany, without asking aid from those who
seek our destruction ; but not till then will
we be really independent.
We have alluded to some of the public
wants of the South. For ourselves we would
like to have advertisements from all persons
engaged in the manufacture or supply of
any of these articles. And not exclusively
for ourselves only, but for the benefit of all
jvho are, or may become interested in ob
taining them. We want, also, a large ac
quaintance with the teachers, trustees of
schools and colleges, literary” institutions,
and all persons generally-, who are engaged
in the book trade ; and we want them so to
communicate with us, that we can introduce
them to our readers as contributors, or as
advertisers of their business, and thereby
get. our readers in the way of communicat
ing with them.
Norlti C'nrotina.
lion. Samuel Hull, Commissioner from
Georgia, was introduced to the two houses
of the North Carolina Legislature, on
Wednesday evenining last, by Senator Eli
W. Hall, who discharged the duty in a very
happy and eloquent speech.
Commissioner Hall then delivered one of
the most forcible addresses we ever listened
to. The large audience listened breathless
ly as the speaker recited the causes which
led to the present condition of the country
—save only when they broke out in loud
cheers as liis eloquence touched the Southern
heart. When he asked his North Carolina
audience if they would see Federal troops
pass through their State to coerce the peo
ple of South Carolina, or of any other South
ern State, such a cry of “Never, never!”
went up from that assembly as was never
before heard within those walls. “I know
you will not,” the speaker responded; “I
will believe it when I see it—but never be
fore, so help me God.” (Another shout of
“Never, never,” and loud and prolonged
cheers.)
lion. 11. T. Clarke, Speaker of the Sen
ate, replied to the address of the Commis
sioner in a short address, in which he said :
“After giving this momentous question our
best and most anxious deliberations, we
have referred it to the sovereign people, in
Convention assembled. Their judgmentand
decision will form the guide of our faith and
the rule of our conduct; and to that tribu
nal alone can we look for any authorized
response to the friendly counsels and sug
gestions of our fellow-suffering sister State.
But, without reference to the amount of our
-yin pa thy or the extent of our co-operation
with her in her present struggle, we, at
least, will assure her that no hostile foot
dial 1 ever march from, or through our bor
ders to assail her or hers.” (Cheers.)
Texan.
Advices from Texas state that the Feder
al property in that State has been surrend
ered to the State authorities. The Federal
troops were allowed to leave the State with
all the facilities. The property seized is
valued at $1,300,000.
The ‘ Washington “Star,” of the 25th,
states that the government here has received
id vices from Texas announcing that Gen.
Twiggs had surrendered all the Federal
military property in his military department
to the State authorities.
Mrs Burch died recently in the town of
■Junius, New York, aged 112 years. She
was married 90 years.